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Seplowe M, Goyal A, Fowler T, Michaud L, Glassman R, Frishman WH, Aronow WS. Atherosclerosis and HIV: Exploring Cardiovascular Risks and Management. Cardiol Rev 2024:00045415-990000000-00296. [PMID: 38980010 DOI: 10.1097/crd.0000000000000747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
The advent of antiretroviral therapy has markedly improved the life expectancy of individuals with HIV, leading to a shift in clinical focus from managing opportunistic infections to addressing chronic conditions, such as atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Emerging evidence highlights an elevated risk of ASCVD among people living with HIV, characterized by a higher incidence of acute myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, and heart failure compared with the general population. This review examines the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and management of ASCVD in the context of HIV. It explores the interplay between HIV infection, antiretroviral therapy, and traditional cardiovascular risk factors, underscoring the need for comprehensive cardiovascular risk reduction strategies tailored to people living with HIV. Through synthesizing data from clinical trials, observational studies, and basic research, the review aims to enhance understanding of HIV-associated ASCVD and inform healthcare practices to improve the longevity and quality of life for this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Seplowe
- From the Department of Hospital Medicine, Mount Sinai Morningside, New York, NY
| | - Anjali Goyal
- Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY
| | - Tolison Fowler
- Department of General Medicine, Westchester Medical Center, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY
| | - Liana Michaud
- Departments of Cardiology and Medicine, Westchester Medical Center, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY
| | - Rebecca Glassman
- Department of General Medicine, Westchester Medical Center, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY
| | | | - Wilbert S Aronow
- Departments of Cardiology and Medicine, Westchester Medical Center, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY
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2
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Abdel-Mohsen M, Deeks S, Giron L, Hong KY, Goldman A, Zhang L, Huang SSY, Verrill D, Guo S, Selzer L, de Vries CR, Vendrame E, SenGupta D, Wallin JJ, Cai Y. Circulating immune and plasma biomarkers of time to HIV rebound in HIV controllers treated with vesatolimod. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1405348. [PMID: 38979421 PMCID: PMC11229794 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1405348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV-1 treatment has improved lifespan but requires lifelong adherence for people living with HIV (PLWH), highlighting the need for a cure. Evaluation of potential cure strategies requires analytic treatment interruption (ATI) with close monitoring of viral rebound. Predictive biomarkers for HIV-1 rebound and/or duration of control during ATI will facilitate these HIV cure trials while minimizing risks. Available evidence suggests that host immune, glycomic, lipid, and metabolic markers of inflammation may be associated with HIV-1 persistence in PLWH who are treated during chronic HIV-1 infection. Methods We conducted post-hoc analysis of HIV controllers who could maintain low levels of plasma HIV-1 without ART in a phase 1b vesatolimod trial. Baseline and pre-ATI levels of immune, glycomic, lipidomic, and metabolomic markers were tested for association with ATI outcomes (time of HIV-1 rebound to 200 copies/mL and 1,000 copies/mL, duration of HIV-1 RNA ≤400 copies/mL and change in intact proviral HIV-1 DNA during ATI) using Spearman's correlation and Cox proportional hazards model. Results Higher levels of CD69+CD8+ T-cells were consistently associated with shorter time to HIV-1 rebound at baseline and pre-ATI. With few exceptions, baseline fucosylated, non-galactosylated, non-sialylated, bisecting IgG N-glycans were associated with shorter time to HIV rebound and duration of control as with previous studies. Baseline plasma MPA and HPA binding glycans and non-galactosylated/non-sialylated glycans were associated with longer time to HIV rebound, while baseline multiply-galactosylated glycans and sialylated glycans, GNA-binding glycans, NPA-binding glycans, WGA-binding glycans, and bisecting GlcNAc glycans were associated with shorter time to HIV rebound and duration of control. Fourteen bioactive lipids had significant baseline associations with longer time to rebound and duration of control, and larger intact proviral HIV-1 DNA changes; additionally, three baseline bioactive lipids were associated with shorter time to first rebound and duration of control. Conclusion Consistent with studies in HIV non-controllers, proinflammatory glycans, lipids, and metabolites were generally associated with shorter duration of HIV-1 control. Notable differences were observed between HIV controllers vs. non-controllers in some specific markers. For the first time, exploratory biomarkers of ATI viral outcomes in HIV-controllers were investigated but require further validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Abdel-Mohsen
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Steven Deeks
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Leila Giron
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Kai Ying Hong
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Aaron Goldman
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Liao Zhang
- Clinical Bioinformatics and Exploratory Analytics, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA, United States
| | - Susie S Y Huang
- Clinical Bioinformatics and Exploratory Analytics, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA, United States
| | - Donovan Verrill
- Statistical Programming, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA, United States
| | - Susan Guo
- Biostatistics, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA, United States
| | - Lisa Selzer
- Clinical Virology, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA, United States
| | | | - Elena Vendrame
- Clinical Development, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA, United States
| | - Devi SenGupta
- Clinical Development, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA, United States
| | - Jeffrey J Wallin
- Biomarker Sciences and Diagnostics, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA, United States
| | - Yanhui Cai
- Biomarker Sciences and Diagnostics, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA, United States
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3
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van der Post J, Guerra TEJ, van den Hof M, Vaz FM, Pajkrt D, van Genderen JG. Plasma Lipidomic Profiles in cART-Treated Adolescents with Perinatally Acquired HIV Compared to Matched Controls. Viruses 2024; 16:580. [PMID: 38675922 PMCID: PMC11053976 DOI: 10.3390/v16040580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Children with perinatally acquired human immunodeficiency virus (PHIV) are growing into adulthood with HIV and treatment-associated comorbidities, such as dyslipidemia and insulin resistance. HIV is identified as independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The hypothesis behind increased CVD risk associated with HIV includes vascular inflammation, dyslipidemia and combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) metabolomic toxicity. To investigate differences in lipid profiles and pathophysiological mechanisms of CVD risk in adolescents with PHIV, we compared the plasma lipidome of PHIV adolescents and HIV-negative controls. We additionally investigated the influence of current cART regimens and increased lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) levels on the plasma lipidome. We included 20 PHIV-infected adolescents and 20 HIV-negative controls matched for age, sex, ethnic origin and socio-economic status. Plasma lipidome was measured using Thermo Scientific Ultimate 3000 binary high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-mass spectrometry. We evaluated the plasma lipidome in PHIV adolescents using different cART regimens (including those known to be associated with lipid alterations). The median age was 17.5 years (15.5-20.7) and 16.5 years (15.7-19.8) for PHIV adolescents and controls, respectively. Of PHIV adolescents, 45% used a non-nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-based (25%) or protease inhibitor (PI)-based (20%) cART regimen. In this pilot study, we observed no significant differences between lipidomic profiles between PHIV adolescents and controls. We observed no differences in the plasma lipidome in participants with increased versus normal Lp(a) levels. Different cART regimens appear to influence chain length differences in the plasma lipidome of PHIV adolescents; however, the significance and causality of this observation remains undetermined. Further research on the influence of cART on lipid composition could further identify these alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie van der Post
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1100 DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thiara E. J. Guerra
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1100 DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Malon van den Hof
- Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health, Ageing & Later Life, Health Behaviors and Chronic Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frédéric M. Vaz
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Pediatrics, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Emma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC, Location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dasja Pajkrt
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1100 DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Infectious Diseases and Immunology Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jason G. van Genderen
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1100 DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Wan Z, Su J, Zhu X, Liu X, Guo Y, Xiang D, Zhou X, Peng X, Tao R, Cao Q, Lang G, Huang Y, Zhu B. Distinct Lipidomic Profiles between People Living with HIV Treated with E/C/F/TAF or B/F/TAF: An Open-Label Prospective Cohort Study. Infect Dis Ther 2024; 13:727-744. [PMID: 38489119 PMCID: PMC11058159 DOI: 10.1007/s40121-024-00943-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (E/C/F/TAF) has been increasingly replaced by bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (B/F/TAF) in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) owing to its more favorable pharmacokinetics and fewer drug-drug interactions. However, the effect of this switch on plasma lipids and lipidomic profiles remains poorly characterized. METHODS HIV infected patients on an E/C/F/TAF regimen were recruited into the study and followed up every 12 weeks. Participants were divided into E/C/F/TAF and B/F/TAF groups depending on whether they were switched to B/F/TAF during follow-up. Clinical information and blood samples were collected at 0, 12, and 24 weeks, and lipidomic analysis was performed using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. RESULTS No significant differences were observed between the groups at baseline. At week 24, patients switched to B/F/TAF had lower triglyceride [mmol/L; 1.23 (0.62) versus 2.03 (0.75), P = 0.001] and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [mmol/L; 0.64 (0.26) versus 0.84 (0.32), P = 0.037) compared with patients who continued E/C/F/TAF therapy. Small decrease from baseline in Framingham general cardiovascular risk score (FRS) was observed in the B/F/TAF arm [week (W) 0: 2.59 (1.57) versus W24: 2.18 (1.01), P = 0.043]. Lipidomic analysis indicated that E/C/F/TAF treatment increased the levels of several diglycerides (DGs), triacylglycerols (TAGs), and lyso-phosphatidylcholines (LPCs), whereas switching to B/F/TAF led to increased sphingolipids and glycerophospholipids. After adjusting for demographic and clinical parameters, only DG (16:0/18:2), DG (18:2/22:6), DG (18:3/18:2), DG (20:5/18:2), TAG (18:3/18:2/21:5), TAG (20:5/18:2/22:6), and LPC (22:6) were found to be significantly associated with FRS (regression coefficient of 0.17-6.02, P < 0.05). Most of these FRS associate lipid species were significantly elevated in individuals treated with E/C/F/TAF instead of individuals treated with B/F/TAF. CONCLUSION E/C/F/TAF promotes the accumulation of lipid species closely associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk among people living with HIV, whereas B/F/TAF has a decreased impact on CVD-related lipid profile and is associated with lower CVD risk. A graphical abstract is available with this article. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov; identifier, NCT06019273.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhikai Wan
- The Department of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junwei Su
- The Department of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xueling Zhu
- The Department of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- The Department of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongzheng Guo
- The Department of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dairong Xiang
- The Department of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaotang Zhou
- The Department of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaorong Peng
- The Department of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ran Tao
- The Department of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qing Cao
- The Department of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guanjing Lang
- The Department of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying Huang
- The Department of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Biao Zhu
- The Department of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Shitole SG, Naveed M, Wang Z, Wang T, Kato Y, Ambale-Venkatesh B, Kaplan RC, Tien PC, Anastos K, Lazar JM, Lima JAC, Qi Q, Kizer JR. Metabolomic Profiling of Cardiac Fibrosis and Steatosis in Women With or at Risk for HIV. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2023; 92:162-172. [PMID: 36215981 PMCID: PMC9839486 DOI: 10.1097/qai.0000000000003118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart failure is a prevalent disorder whose prognosis remains poor despite advances in treatment. Women with or at risk for HIV may be particularly susceptible, yet the metabolic pathways that promote myocardial disease and heart failure in this context remain incompletely characterized. METHODS To evaluate the metabolomic signatures of cardiac magnetic resonance measured phenotypes, we used available plasma metabolomic measures from participants in the Women's Interagency HIV Study who underwent cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Our primary outcomes were myocardial extracellular volume fraction (MECV) and intramyocardial triglyceride content (IMTG). We applied partial least squares and identified the top 10 lipid and polar metabolites associated with MECV and IMTG. We used multivariable linear regression to evaluate these metabolites' individual associations with each phenotype. RESULTS The mean age of participants (n = 153) was 53 ± 7, 93% were Black or Hispanic, and 74% were HIV positive. Phenylacetylglutamine, a microbial metabolite, was positively associated with MECV after full adjustment and false discovery rate correction. Three phosphatidylcholine species, N-acetylaspartic acid, and a lysophosphatidylcholine species were inversely associated with IMTG, while prolylglycine, methionine sulfoxide, sphingosine, taurine, and phosphorylcholine were positively associated with this phenotype. We found no evidence of interaction by HIV for the observed associations, but there was effect modification by hepatitis C virus of taurine's and phosphorylcholine's associations with IMTG. CONCLUSION Among women with or at risk for HIV, we related various lipid and polar metabolites to cardiac fibrosis or steatosis, of which phenylacetylglutamine, N-acetylaspartic acid, and prolylglycine are novel. These findings implicate plausible mechanisms that could be targetable for therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanyog G. Shitole
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, CA
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Mahim Naveed
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, CA
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Zheng Wang
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Tao Wang
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Yoko Kato
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | | | - Robert C. Kaplan
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Phyllis C. Tien
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, CA
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | | | | | | | - Qibin Qi
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Jorge R. Kizer
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, CA
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
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Zhou Y, Chen J, Li S, Chen A, Dai C, Liu M, Lu D, Chen Z, Wang X, Qian J, Ge J. Prognostic implication of lipidomics in patients with coronary total occlusion undergoing PCI. Eur J Clin Invest 2022; 52:e13826. [PMID: 35723949 PMCID: PMC9786902 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Predictors of prognosis in patients with coronary chronic total occlusion (CTO) undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) have remained lacking. Lipidomic profiling enables researchers to associate lipid species with disease progression and may improve the prediction of cardiovascular events. METHODS In the present study, 781 lipids were measured by targeted lipidomic profiling in 350 individuals (50 healthy controls, 50 patients with coronary artery disease and 250 patients with CTO). L1-regularized logistic regression was used to identify lipid species associated with adverse cardiovascular events and create predicting models, which were verified by 10-fold cross-validation (200 repeats). Comparisons were made between a traditional model constructed with clinical characteristics alone and a combined model built with both lipidomic data and traditional factors. RESULTS Twenty-four lipid species were dysregulated exclusively in patients with CTO, most of which belonged to sphingomyelin (SM) and triacylglycerol (TAG). Compared with traditional risk factors, new model combining lipids and traditional factors had significantly improved performance in predicting adverse cardiovascular events in CTO patients after PCI (area under the curve, 0.870 vs. 0.726, p < .05; Akaike information criterion, 129 versus 156; net reclassification improvement, 0.312, p < .001; integrated discrimination improvement, 0.244, p < .001). Nomogram was built based on the incorporated model and proved efficient by Kaplan-Meier method. CONCLUSIONS Lipidomic profiling revealed lipid species which may participate in the formation of CTO and could contribute to the risk stratification in CTO patients undergoing PCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine; Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinxiang Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine; Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Su Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine; Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ao Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine; Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunfeng Dai
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine; Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Muyin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine; Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Danbo Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine; Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhangwei Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine; Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangdong Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Clinical Bioinformatics, Fudan University Center of Clinical Bioinformatics; Shanghai Respiratory Research Institute, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Juying Qian
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine; Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Junbo Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine; Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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7
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Niu Z, Wu Q, Luo Y, Wang D, Zheng H, Wu Y, Yang X, Zeng R, Sun L, Lin X. Plasma Lipidomic Subclasses and Risk of Hypertension in Middle-Aged and Elderly Chinese. PHENOMICS (CHAM, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 2:283-294. [PMID: 36939788 PMCID: PMC9590468 DOI: 10.1007/s43657-022-00057-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
While disrupted lipid metabolism is a well-established risk factor for hypertension in animal models, the links between various lipidomic signatures and hypertension in human studies remain unclear. We aimed to examine associations between plasma lipidomic profiles and prevalence of hypertension among 2248 community-living Chinese aged 50-70 years. Hypertension was defined according to 2020 International Society of Hypertension global hypertension practice guidelines and 2018 Chinese guidelines. In total, 728 plasma lipidomic species were profiled using high-coverage targeted lipidomics. After multivariate adjustment, including lifestyle, body mass index, blood lipids, and sodium intake, 110 metabolites from nine lipidomic subclasses showed significant associations with hypertension, among which phosphatidylethanolamines (PEs) had the strongest association. Eleven lipidomic signals for hypertension risk were further identified from the nine subclasses, including PE(18:0/18:2) (OR per SD, 1.49; 95% confidence intervals, 1.30-1.69), phosphatidylcholine (PC) (18:0/18:2) (1.27; 1.13-1.43), phosphatidylserine (18:0/18:0) (1.24; 1.09-1.41), lysophosphatidylinositol (18:1) (1.17; 1.06-1.29), triacylglycerol (52:5) (1.38; 1.18-1.61), diacylglycerol (16:0/18:2) (1.42; 1.19-1.69), dihydroceramide (24:0) (1.25; 1.09-1.43), hydroxyl-sphingomyelins (SM[2OH])C34:1 (1.19; 1.07-1.33), lysophosphatidylcholine (20:1) (0.86; 0.78-0.95), SM(OH)C38:1 (0.87; 0.79-0.96), and PC (18:2/20:1) (0.84; 0.75-0.94). Principal component analysis also showed that a factor mainly containing specific PEs was positively associated with hypertension (1.20; 1.09-1.33). Collectively, our study revealed that disturbances in multiple circulating lipidomic subclasses and signatures, especially PEs, were significantly associated with the prevalence of hypertension in middle-aged and elderly Chinese. Future studies are warranted to confirm our findings and determine the mechanisms underlying these associations. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s43657-022-00057-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Niu
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue-yang Rd., Shanghai, 200031 China
| | - Qingqing Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031 China
| | - Yaogan Luo
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue-yang Rd., Shanghai, 200031 China
| | - Di Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue-yang Rd., Shanghai, 200031 China
| | - He Zheng
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue-yang Rd., Shanghai, 200031 China
| | - Yanpu Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue-yang Rd., Shanghai, 200031 China
| | - Xiaowei Yang
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue-yang Rd., Shanghai, 200031 China
| | - Rong Zeng
- Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031 China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024 China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024 China
| | - Liang Sun
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue-yang Rd., Shanghai, 200031 China
| | - Xu Lin
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue-yang Rd., Shanghai, 200031 China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024 China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024 China
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8
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW HIV and antiretroviral therapy (ART) use are linked to an increased incidence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Immune activation persists in ART-treated people with HIV (PWH), and markers of inflammation (i.e. IL-6, C-reactive protein) predict mortality in this population. This review discusses underlying mechanisms that likely contribute to inflammation and the development of ASCVD in PWH. RECENT FINDINGS Persistent inflammation contributes to accelerated ASCVD in HIV and several new insights into the underlying immunologic mechanisms of chronic inflammation in PWH have been made (e.g. clonal haematopoiesis, trained immunity, lipidomics). We will also highlight potential pro-inflammatory mechanisms that may differ in vulnerable populations, including women, minorities and children. SUMMARY Mechanistic studies into the drivers of chronic inflammation in PWH are ongoing and may aid in tailoring effective therapeutic strategies that can reduce ASCVD risk in this population. Focus should also include factors that lead to persistent disparities in HIV care and comorbidities, including sex as a biological factor and social determinants of health. It remains unclear whether ASCVD progression in HIV is driven by unique mediators (HIV itself, ART, immunodeficiency), or if it is an accelerated version of disease progression seen in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahera Dirajlal-Fargo
- Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital, Cleveland, OH
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - Nicholas Funderburg
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
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9
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Lao D, Liu R, Liang J. Study on plasma metabolomics for HIV/AIDS patients treated by HAART based on LC/MS-MS. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:885386. [PMID: 36105186 PMCID: PMC9465010 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.885386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Metabolomics can be applied to the clinical diagnosis and treatment evaluation of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). AIDS biomarkers have become a new direction of AIDS research providing clinical guidance for diagnosis. Objective: We sought to apply both untargeted and targeted metabolomic profiling to identify potential biomarkers for AIDS patients. Methods: A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) based untargeted metabolomic profiling was performed on plasma samples of patients before and after highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) treatment as well as healthy volunteers to identify potential AIDS biomarkers. Targeted quantitative analysis was performed on the potential biomarkers screened from untargeted metabolic profiling for verification. Results: Using the Mass Profiler Professional and the MassHunter, several potential biomarkers have been found by LC-MS/MS in the untargeted metabolomic study. High-resolution MS and MS/MS were used to analyze fragmentation rules of the metabolites, with comparisons of related standards. Several potential biomarkers have been identified, including PS(O-18:0/0:0), sphingosine, PE (21:0/0:0), and 1-Linoleoyl Glycerol. Targeted quantitative analysis showed that sphingosine and 1-Linoleoyl Glycerol might be closely related to HIV/AIDS, which may be the potential biomarkers to the diagnosis. Conclusion: We conducted untargeted metabolomic profiling, which indicates that several metabolites should be considered potential biomarkers for AIDS patients. Further targeted metabolomic research verified that d-Sphingosine and 1-Linoleoyl glycerol as the diagnostic biomarker of AIDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghui Lao
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Rong Liu, ; Jianying Liang,
| | - Jianying Liang
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Rong Liu, ; Jianying Liang,
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10
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Zhu Q, Wu Y, Mai J, Guo G, Meng J, Fang X, Chen X, Liu C, Zhong S. Comprehensive Metabolic Profiling of Inflammation Indicated Key Roles of Glycerophospholipid and Arginine Metabolism in Coronary Artery Disease. Front Immunol 2022; 13:829425. [PMID: 35371012 PMCID: PMC8965586 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.829425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Systemic immune inflammation is a key mediator in the progression of coronary artery disease (CAD), concerning various metabolic and lipid changes. In this study, the relationship between the inflammatory index and metabolic profile in patients with CAD was investigated to provide deep insights into metabolic disturbances related to inflammation. Methods Widely targeted plasma metabolomic and lipidomic profiling was performed in 1,234 patients with CAD. Laboratory circulating inflammatory markers were mainly used to define general systemic immune and low-grade inflammatory states. Multivariable-adjusted linear regression was adopted to assess the associations between 860 metabolites and 7 inflammatory markers. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic-based classifiers and multivariable logistic regression were applied to identify biomarkers of inflammatory states and develop models for discriminating an advanced inflammatory state. Results Multiple metabolites and lipid species were linearly associated with the seven inflammatory markers [false discovery rate (FDR) <0.05]. LASSO and multivariable-adjusted logistic regression analysis identified significant associations between 45 metabolites and systemic immune-inflammation index, 46 metabolites and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio states, 32 metabolites and low-grade inflammation score, and 26 metabolites and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein states (P < 0.05). Glycerophospholipid metabolism and arginine and proline metabolism were determined as key altered metabolic pathways for systemic immune and low-grade inflammatory states. Predictive models based solely on metabolite combinations showed feasibility (area under the curve: 0.81 to 0.88) for discriminating the four parameters that represent inflammatory states and were successfully validated using a validation cohort. The inflammation-associated metabolite, namely, β-pseudouridine, was related to carotid and coronary arteriosclerosis indicators (P < 0.05). Conclusions This study provides further information on the relationship between plasma metabolite profiles and inflammatory states represented by various inflammatory markers in CAD. These metabolic markers provide potential insights into pathological changes during CAD progression and may aid in the development of therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhu
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yonglin Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinxia Mai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gongjie Guo
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinxiu Meng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianhong Fang
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shilong Zhong
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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11
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Shu H, Peng Y, Hang W, Li N, Zhou N, Wang DW. Emerging Roles of Ceramide in Cardiovascular Diseases. Aging Dis 2022; 13:232-245. [PMID: 35111371 PMCID: PMC8782558 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2021.0710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ceramide is a core molecule of sphingolipid metabolism that causes selective insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. Research on its involvement in cardiovascular diseases has grown rapidly. In resting cells, ceramide levels are extremely low, while they rapidly accumulate upon encountering external stimuli. Recently, the regulation of ceramide levels under pathological conditions, including myocardial infarction, hypertension, and atherosclerosis, has drawn great attention. Increased ceramide levels are strongly associated with adverse cardiovascular risks and events while inhibiting the synthesis of ceramide or accelerating its degradation improves a variety of cardiovascular diseases. In this article, we summarize the role of ceramide in cardiovascular disease, investigate the possible application of ceramide as a new diagnostic biomarker and a therapeutic target for cardiovascular disorders, and highlight the remaining problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyang Shu
- 1Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China.,2Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanism of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Yizhong Peng
- 3Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Weijian Hang
- 1Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China.,2Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanism of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Na Li
- 1Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China.,2Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanism of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Ning Zhou
- 1Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China.,2Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanism of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Dao Wen Wang
- 1Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China.,2Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanism of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
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12
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Olund Villumsen S, Benfeitas R, Knudsen AD, Gelpi M, Høgh J, Thomsen MT, Murray D, Ullum H, Neogi U, Nielsen SD. Integrative Lipidomics and Metabolomics for System-Level Understanding of the Metabolic Syndrome in Long-Term Treated HIV-Infected Individuals. Front Immunol 2022; 12:742736. [PMID: 35095835 PMCID: PMC8791652 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.742736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
People living with HIV (PLWH) require life-long anti-retroviral treatment and often present with comorbidities such as metabolic syndrome (MetS). Systematic lipidomic characterization and its association with the metabolism are currently missing. We included 100 PLWH with MetS and 100 without MetS from the Copenhagen Comorbidity in HIV Infection (COCOMO) cohort to examine whether and how lipidome profiles are associated with MetS in PLWH. We combined several standard biostatistical, machine learning, and network analysis techniques to investigate the lipidome systematically and comprehensively and its association with clinical parameters. Additionally, we generated weighted lipid-metabolite networks to understand the relationship between lipidomic profiles with those metabolites associated with MetS in PLWH. The lipidomic dataset consisted of 917 lipid species including 602 glycerolipids, 228 glycerophospholipids, 61 sphingolipids, and 26 steroids. With a consensus approach using four different statistical and machine learning methods, we observed 13 differentially abundant lipids between PLWH without MetS and PLWH with MetS, which mainly belongs to diacylglyceride (DAG, n = 2) and triacylglyceride (TAG, n = 11). The comprehensive network integration of the lipidomics and metabolomics data suggested interactions between specific glycerolipids' structural composition patterns and key metabolites involved in glutamate metabolism. Further integration of the clinical data with metabolomics and lipidomics resulted in the association of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and exposure to earlier generations of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Our integrative omics data indicated disruption of glutamate and fatty acid metabolism, suggesting their involvement in the pathogenesis of PLWH with MetS. Alterations in the lipid homeostasis and glutaminolysis need clinical interventions to prevent accelerated aging in PLWH with MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie Olund Villumsen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rui Benfeitas
- National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden (NBIS), Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andreas Dehlbæk Knudsen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marco Gelpi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Julie Høgh
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Magda Teresa Thomsen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniel Murray
- Personalized Medicine of Infectious Complications in Immune Deficiency (PERSIMUNE), Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Ullum
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ujjwal Neogi
- The Systems Virology Lab, Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, ANA Futura, Stockholm, Sweden
- Manipal Institute of Virology (MIV), Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Susanne Dam Nielsen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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13
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Evaluation of lipid metabolism imbalance in HIV-infected patients with metabolic disorders using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Clin Chim Acta 2021; 526:30-42. [PMID: 34942169 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2021.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and highly active antiretroviral therapy use are associated with the disruption of lipid and glucose metabolism. Herein, a sensitive and robust high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the quantitation of lysophosphatidylcholines (LPCs) and acylcarnitines (ACs) in human blood serum was developed and validated to investigate them as markers of metabolic disorders in HIV-infected patients. Under optimal extraction and detection conditions, the lower limits of quantification reached 5 ng/mL (LPCs) and 0.1 ng/mL (ACs), and precision and accuracy for both intra- and inter-day analyses were generally below 15%. Serum samples were stable for at least six months when stored at - 80 °C and for at least 12 h when stored at 4 °C or 25 °C. We investigated inter-group differences and associations between the biomarkers and observed a particular volatilitytrend of LPCs and ACs for HIV-infected patients with metabolic disorders. Thus, the developed method can be used for the rapid and sensitive quantitation of LPCs and ACs in vivo to further appraise the process of HIV infection, evaluate interveningmeasures, conduct mechanistic investigations, and further study the utility of LPCs and ACs as biomarkers of HIV infection coupled with metabolic disorders.
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14
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Comprehensive metabolomics profiling reveals common metabolic alterations underlying the four major non-communicable diseases in treated HIV infection. EBioMedicine 2021; 71:103548. [PMID: 34419928 PMCID: PMC8385138 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background HIV infection and normal aging share immune and inflammatory changes that result in premature aging and non-communicable diseases (NCDs), but the exact pathophysiology is not yet uncovered. We identified the common metabolic pathways underlying various NCDs in treated HIV infection. Methods We performed untargeted metabolomics including 87 HIV-negative (–) normal controls (NCs), 87 HIV-positive (+) NCs, and 148 HIV+ subjects with only one type of NCDs, namely, subclinical carotid atherosclerosis, neurocognitive impairment (NCI), liver fibrosis (LF) and renal impairment. All HIV+ subjects were virally suppressed. Results HIV+ patients presented widespread alterations in cellular metabolism compared to HIV– NCs. Glycerophospholipid (GPL) metabolism was the only one disturbed pathway presented in comparisons including HIV– NCs across age groups, HIV+ NCs across age groups, HIV+ NCs vs HIV– NCs and each of HIV+ NCDs vs HIV+ NCs. D-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism and alanine-aspartate-glutamate metabolism were presented in comparisons between HIV+ NCs vs HIV– NCs, HIV+ LF or HIV+ NCI vs HIV+ NCs. Consistently, subsequent analysis identified a metabolomic fingerprint specific for HIV+ NCDs, containing 42 metabolites whose relative abundance showed either an upward (mainly GPL-derived lipid mediators) or a downward trend (mainly plasmalogen phosphatidylcholines, plasmalogen phosphatidylethanolamines, and glutamine) from HIV– NCs to HIV+ NCs and then HIV+ NCDs, reflecting a trend of increased oxidative stress. Interpretation GPL metabolism emerges as the common metabolic disturbance linking HIV to NCDs, followed by glutamine and glutamate metabolism. Together, our data point to the aforementioned metabolisms and related metabolites as potential key targets in studying pathophysiology of NCDs in HIV infection and developing therapeutic interventions. Funding China National Science and Technology Major Projects on Infectious Diseases, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Yi-wu Institute of Fudan University, and Shanghai Municipal Health and Family Planning Commission.
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15
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Dirajlal-Fargo S, Sattar A, Yu J, Albar Z, Chaves FC, Riedl K, Kityo C, Bowman E, McComsey GA, Funderburg N. Lipidome association with vascular disease and inflammation in HIV+ Ugandan children. AIDS 2021; 35:1615-1623. [PMID: 33878042 PMCID: PMC8286331 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000002923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE HIV infection and antiretroviral therapy (ART) have both been linked to dyslipidemia and increased cardiovascular disease (CVD). The relationships among the lipidome, immune activation, and subclinical vascular disease in children with perinatally acquired HIV (PHIV) have not been investigated. METHODS Serum lipid composition, including 13 lipid classes constituting 850 different lipid species were measured by direct infusion-tandem mass spectrometry in samples from 20 ART-treated PHIV and 20 age-matched and sex-matched HIV- Ugandan children. All participants were between 10 and 18 years of age with no other known active infections. PHIVs had HIV-1 RNA level 50 copies/ml or less. In addition, common carotid artery intima--media thickness (IMT), as well as plasma marker of systemic inflammation (hsCRP, IL6, sTNFRa I), monocyte activation (soluble CD14 and CD163), and T-cell activation (expression of CD38 and HLA-DR on CD4+ and CD8+) were evaluated. RESULTS Median age (Q1, Q3) of study participants was 13 years (11, 15), 37% were boys, 75% were on an NNRTI-based ART regimen. The concentrations of cholesterol ester, LCER, phosphatidylcholines, and sphingomyelin lipid classes were significantly increased in serum of PHIV compared with HIV (P≤0.04). Biomarkers associated with CVD risk including hsCRP, sCD163, and T-cell activation were directly correlated with lipid species in PHIV (P ≤ 0.04). Contents of free fatty acids including palmitic (16 : 0), stearic (18 : 0), and arachidic acid (20 : 0) were positively correlated with IMT in PHIV. CONCLUSION Serum lipidome is altered in young virally suppressed PHIV on ART. A direct association between inflammation and lipid species known to be associated with CVD was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahera Dirajlal-Fargo
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center
- Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland
| | | | - Jiao Yu
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland
| | | | - Fabio C Chaves
- Department of Food Science and Technology, and the OSU Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, OH, USA
| | - Ken Riedl
- Department of Food Science and Technology, and the OSU Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, OH, USA
| | - Cissy Kityo
- Joint Clinical Research Centre, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Emily Bowman
- Ohio State University School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Grace A McComsey
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center
- Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland
| | - Nicholas Funderburg
- Ohio State University School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Columbus, OH, USA
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16
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Chaudhary NS, Kind T, Willig AL, Saag MS, Shrestha S, Funderburg N, Wiener HW, Overton ET, Irvin MR. Changes in lipidomic profile by anti-retroviral treatment regimen: An ACTG 5257 ancillary study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e26588. [PMID: 34397689 PMCID: PMC8322553 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000026588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
High cardiovascular disease risk in people living with HIV is partly attributed to antiretroviral therapy (ART). Lipid response to ART has been extensively studied, yet, little is known how small molecule lipids respond to Integrase inhibitor-based (INSTI-based) compared to Protease inhibitor-based (PI-based) ART regimens.Ancillary study to a phase 3, randomized, open-label trial [AIDS Clinical Trial Group A5257 Study] in treatment-naive HIV-infected patients randomized in a 1:1:1 ratio to receive ritonavir-boosted atazanavir (ATV/r), ritonavir-boosted darunavir (DRV/r) (both PI-based), or raltegravir with Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate-TDF plus emtricitabine (RAL, INSTI-based).We examined small molecule lipid response in a subcohort of 75 participants. Lipidomic assays of plasma samples collected pre- and post-ART treatment (48 weeks) were conducted using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The effect of ART regimens was regressed on lipid species response adjusting for the baseline covariates (lipids, age, sex, race, CD4 level, BMI, and smoking). Results were validated in the Centers for AIDS Research Network of Integrated Clinical Systems study (N = 16).Out of 417 annotated lipids, glycerophospholipids (P = .007) and sphingolipids (P = .028) had a higher response to ATV/r and DRV/r compared to RAL. The lysophosphatidylcholine (LPCs(16:1),(17:1),(20:3)) and phosphophatidylcholine species (PCs(40:7),(38:4)) had an opposite response to RAL versus ATV/r in the discovery and validation cohort. The INSTI-based regimen had an opposite response of ceramide species ((d38:1), (d42:2)), PCs((35:2), (38:4)), phosphatidylethanolamines (PEs(38:4), (38:6)), and sphingomyelin(SMd38:1) species compared with the PI-based regimens. There were no differences observed between 2 PI-based regimens.We observed differences in response of small molecule lipid species by ART regimens in treatment-naive people living with HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ninad S. Chaudhary
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Tobias Kind
- NIH West Coast Metabolomics Center, UC Davis Genome Center, University of California, Davis, CA
| | - Amanda L. Willig
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL
| | - Michael S. Saag
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL
| | - Sadeep Shrestha
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Nicholas Funderburg
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Division of Medical Laboratory Science, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Howard W. Wiener
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - E. Turner Overton
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL
| | - Marguerite R. Irvin
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
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Yun H, Qi QB, Zong G, Wu QQ, Niu ZH, Chen SS, Li HX, Sun L, Zeng R, Lin X. Plasma Sphingolipid Profile in Association with Incident Metabolic Syndrome in a Chinese Population-Based Cohort Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13072263. [PMID: 34208976 PMCID: PMC8308381 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Although bioactive sphingolipids have been shown to regulate cardiometabolic homeostasis and inflammatory signaling pathways in rodents, population-based longitudinal studies of relationships between sphingolipids and onset of metabolic syndrome (MetS) are sparse. We aimed to determine associations of circulating sphingolipids with inflammatory markers, adipokines, and incidence of MetS. Among 1242 Chinese people aged 50–70 years who completed the 6-year resurvey, 76 baseline plasma sphingolipids were quantified by high-throughput liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. There were 431 incident MetS cases at 6-year revisit. After multivariable adjustment including lifestyle characteristics and BMI, 21 sphingolipids mainly from ceramide and hydroxysphingomyelin subclasses were significantly associated with incident MetS. Meanwhile, the baseline ceramide score was positively associated (RRQ4 versus Q1 = 1.31; 95% CI 1.05, 1.63; ptrend = 0.010) and the hydroxysphingomyelin score was inversely associated (RRQ4 versus Q1 = 0.60; 95% CI 0.45, 0.79; ptrend < 0.001) with incident MetS. When further controlling for clinical lipids, both associations were attenuated but remained significant. Comparing extreme quartiles, RRs (95% CIs) of MetS risk were 1.34 (95% CI 1.06, 1.70; ptrend = 0.010) for ceramide score and 0.71 (95% CI 0.51, 0.97; ptrend = 0.018) for hydroxysphingomyelin score, respectively. Furthermore, a stronger association between ceramide score and incidence of MetS was evidenced in those having higher inflammation levels (RRQ4 versus Q1 1.57; 95% CI 1.16, 2.12; pinteraction = 0.004). Our data suggested that elevated ceramide concentrations were associated with a higher MetS risk, whereas raised hydroxysphingomyelin levels were associated with a lower MetS risk beyond traditional clinical lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Yun
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; (H.Y.); (G.Z.); (Z.-H.N.); (S.-S.C.); (H.-X.L.); (L.S.)
| | - Qi-Bin Qi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA;
| | - Geng Zong
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; (H.Y.); (G.Z.); (Z.-H.N.); (S.-S.C.); (H.-X.L.); (L.S.)
| | - Qing-Qing Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; (Q.-Q.W.); (R.Z.)
| | - Zhen-Hua Niu
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; (H.Y.); (G.Z.); (Z.-H.N.); (S.-S.C.); (H.-X.L.); (L.S.)
| | - Shuang-Shuang Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; (H.Y.); (G.Z.); (Z.-H.N.); (S.-S.C.); (H.-X.L.); (L.S.)
| | - Huai-Xing Li
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; (H.Y.); (G.Z.); (Z.-H.N.); (S.-S.C.); (H.-X.L.); (L.S.)
| | - Liang Sun
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; (H.Y.); (G.Z.); (Z.-H.N.); (S.-S.C.); (H.-X.L.); (L.S.)
| | - Rong Zeng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; (Q.-Q.W.); (R.Z.)
| | - Xu Lin
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; (H.Y.); (G.Z.); (Z.-H.N.); (S.-S.C.); (H.-X.L.); (L.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
- Correspondence:
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18
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Wu Q, Sun L, Hu X, Wang X, Xu F, Chen B, Liang X, Xia J, Wang P, Aibara D, Zhang S, Zeng G, Yun C, Yan Y, Zhu Y, Bustin M, Zhang S, Gonzalez FJ, Jiang C. Suppressing the intestinal farnesoid X receptor/sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 3 axis decreases atherosclerosis. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:142865. [PMID: 33938457 DOI: 10.1172/jci142865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal farnesoid X receptor (FXR) signaling is involved in the development of obesity, fatty liver disease, and type 2 diabetes. However, the role of intestinal FXR in atherosclerosis and its potential as a target for clinical treatment have not been explored. The serum levels of fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19), which is encoded by an FXR target gene, were much higher in patients with hypercholesterolemia than in control subjects and were positively related to circulating ceramide levels, indicating a link between intestinal FXR, ceramide metabolism, and atherosclerosis. Among ApoE-/- mice fed a high-cholesterol diet (HCD), intestinal FXR deficiency (in FxrΔIE ApoE-/- mice) or direct FXR inhibition (via treatment with the FXR antagonist glycoursodeoxycholic acid [GUDCA]) decreased atherosclerosis and reduced the levels of circulating ceramides and cholesterol. Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 3 (SMPD3), which is involved in ceramide synthesis in the intestine, was identified as an FXR target gene. SMPD3 overexpression or C16:0 ceramide supplementation eliminated the improvements in atherosclerosis in FxrΔIE ApoE-/- mice. Administration of GUDCA or GW4869, an SMPD3 inhibitor, elicited therapeutic effects on established atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice by decreasing circulating ceramide levels. This study identified an intestinal FXR/SMPD3 axis that is a potential target for atherosclerosis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, and the Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.,Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lulu Sun
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Xiaomin Hu
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xuemei Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, and the Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.,Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, and the Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.,Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, and the Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.,Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xianyi Liang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, and the Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.,Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jialin Xia
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, and the Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.,Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, and the Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.,Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Daisuke Aibara
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Shaofei Zhang
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Guangyi Zeng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, and the Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.,Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Chuyu Yun
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, and the Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.,Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Yan
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, and the Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.,Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yicheng Zhu
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Michael Bustin
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Shuyang Zhang
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Frank J Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Changtao Jiang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, and the Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.,Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
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19
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Capeau J, Lagathu C, Béréziat V, Fève B. Recent data on adipose tissue, insulin resistance, diabetes and dyslipidaemia in antiretroviral therapy controlled HIV-infected persons. Curr Opin HIV AIDS 2021; 16:141-147. [PMID: 33783403 DOI: 10.1097/coh.0000000000000674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Increased total body fat with truncal redistribution is common in antiretroviral therapy (ART)-controlled persons living with HIV(PLWH), leading to insulin resistance, prediabetes/diabetes and dyslipidaemia. We address these topics here. RECENT FINDINGS Most antiretrovirals are associated with gain in trunk fat, including visceral adipose tissue (VAT). Protease-inhibitors could inhibit white fat ability to dissipate energy (i.e. beiging) favouring fat gain. Expansion of VAT is associated with a pro-inflammatory profile linked to the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway and CD4+ subtypes. ART-associated increased adipose tissue (AT) quantity leads to decreased AT density, insulin resistance and dyslipidaemia that could be improved by lifestyle modifications.PLWH present high level of insulin resistance, regardless of their treatment, and a higher prevalence of prediabetes, but not diabetes, than noninfected persons. Otherwise, HbA1c values appear inaccurate to diagnose prediabetes/diabetes in PLWH.ART-related-dyslipidaemia is characterized by elevated LDL-C and/or high triglycerides and reduced HDL-C. Whereas treatment with protease inhibitors generally results in worsened lipid values, treatment with integrase-strand-transfer-inhibitors is associated with a better profile. Tenofovir-alafenamide is associated with higher lipid levels than tenofovir-disoproxil-fumarate. Treatment of LDL-C-dyslipidaemia could benefit, in statin-insufficiently controlled patients, from the class of proprotein-convertase-subtilsin-kenin-type-9 (PCSK-9) inhibitors. SUMMARY Lifestyle modifications are mandatory to reduce fat and improve dysglycaemia/dyslipidaemia. New drugs can efficiently control diabetes and LDL-C-dyslipidaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Capeau
- Sorbonne Université-Inserm, Faculty of Medicine, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), UMR_S938, ICAN
| | - Claire Lagathu
- Sorbonne Université-Inserm, Faculty of Medicine, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), UMR_S938, ICAN
| | - Véronique Béréziat
- Sorbonne Université-Inserm, Faculty of Medicine, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), UMR_S938, ICAN
| | - Bruno Fève
- Sorbonne Université-Inserm, Faculty of Medicine, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), UMR_S938, ICAN
- Department of Endocrinology, CRMR Prisis, Saint-Antoine Hospital, GH APHP-Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
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20
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Zhang E, Chai JC, Deik AA, Hua S, Sharma A, Schneider MF, Gustafson D, Hanna DB, Lake JE, Rubin LH, Post WS, Anastos K, Brown T, Clish CB, Kaplan RC, Qi Q. Plasma Lipidomic Profiles and Risk of Diabetes: 2 Prospective Cohorts of HIV-Infected and HIV-Uninfected Individuals. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:999-1010. [PMID: 33420793 PMCID: PMC7993589 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Antiretroviral therapy (ART) use is associated with disrupted lipid and glucose metabolism in people with HIV infection. We aimed to identify plasma lipid species associated with risk of diabetes in the context of HIV infection. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We profiled 211 plasma lipid species in 491 HIV-infected and 203 HIV-uninfected participants aged 35 to 55 years from the Women's Interagency HIV Study and the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. Cox proportional hazards model was used to examine associations between baseline lipid species and incident diabetes (166 diabetes cases were identified during a median follow-up of 12.6 years). RESULTS We identified 11 lipid species, representing independent signals for 8 lipid classes/subclasses, associated with risk of diabetes (P < 0.05 after FDR correction). After adjustment for multiple covariates, cholesteryl ester (CE) (22:4), lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) (18:2), phosphatidylcholine (PC) (36:4), phosphatidylcholine plasmalogen (34:3), and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) (38:2) were associated with decreased risk of diabetes (HRs = 0.70 to 0.82 per SD increment), while diacylglycerol (32:0), LPC (14:0), PC (38:3), PE (36:1), and triacylglycerol (50:1) were associated with increased risk of diabetes (HRs = 1.26 to 1.56 per SD increment). HIV serostatus did not modify any lipid-diabetes associations; however, most of these lipid species were positively associated with HIV and/or ART use, including 3 diabetes-decreased ( CE [22:4], LPC [18:2], PE [38:2]) and all 5 diabetes-increased lipid species. CONCLUSIONS This study identified multiple plasma lipid species associated with incident diabetes. Regardless of the directions of their associations with diabetes, most diabetes-associated lipid species were elevated in ART-treated people with HIV infection. This suggests a complex role of lipids in the link between ART and diabetes in HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Jin Choul Chai
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Amy A Deik
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Simin Hua
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Anjali Sharma
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Michael F Schneider
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Deborah Gustafson
- Department of Neurology, State University of New York-Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - David B Hanna
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Jordan E Lake
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School at UTHealth, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Leah H Rubin
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Wendy S Post
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kathryn Anastos
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Todd Brown
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Clary B Clish
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Robert C Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle WA, USA
| | - Qibin Qi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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21
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Isnard S, Fombuena B, Sadouni M, Lin J, Richard C, Routy B, Ouyang J, Ramendra R, Peng X, Zhang Y, Finkelman M, Tremblay-Sher D, Tremblay C, Chartrand-Lefebvre C, Durand M, Routy JP. Circulating β-d-Glucan as a Marker of Subclinical Coronary Plaque in Antiretroviral Therapy-Treated People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus. Open Forum Infect Dis 2021; 8:ofab109. [PMID: 34189152 PMCID: PMC8232386 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofab109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite antiretroviral therapy (ART), people with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH) have increased risk of inflammatory comorbidities, including cardiovascular diseases. Gut epithelial damage, and translocation of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or fungal β-d-glucan (BDG) drive inflammation in ART-treated PWH. In this study, we investigated whether markers of gut damage and microbial translocation were associated with cardiovascular risk in asymptomatic ART-treated PWH. Methods We cross-sectionally analyzed plasma from 93 ART-treated PWH and 52 uninfected controls older than 40 years of age from the Canadian HIV and Aging Cohort. Participants were cardiovascular disease free and underwent a cardiac computed tomography (CT) to measure total coronary atherosclerotic plaque volume (TPV). Levels of bacterial LPS and gut damage markers REG3α and I-FABP were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Fungal BDG levels were analyzed using the Fungitell assay. Results β-d-glucan levels but not LPS were significantly elevated in ART-treated PWH with coronary artery plaque (P = .0007). Moreover, BDG but not LPS levels correlated with TPV (r = 0.26, P = .01). Intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP) but not REG3α levels correlated with TPV (r = 0.23, P = .03). However, BDG and LPS levels were not elevated in uninfected controls with plaque. In multivariable models, elevated BDG levels were independently associated with the presence of coronary atherosclerosis in PWH but not in uninfected controls. Conclusions Translocation of fungal BDG was associated with coronary atherosclerosis assessed by CT-scan imaging in ART-treated PWH, suggesting a human immunodeficiency virus-specific pathway leading to cardiovascular disease. Further investigation is needed to appraise causality of this association. Translocation of fungal products may represent a therapeutic target to prevent cardiovascular disease in ART-treated PWH. Plasma levels of the fungal product β-D-Glucan, but not the bacterial product lipopolysaccharide, are associated with the presence and the size of subclinical coronary atherosclerosis plaque in people living with HIV taking antiretroviral therapy, independently of classical cardiovascular risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Isnard
- Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,CIHR Canadian HIV Trials Network, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Brandon Fombuena
- Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Manel Sadouni
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - John Lin
- Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Corentin Richard
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Bertrand Routy
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jing Ouyang
- Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Rayoun Ramendra
- Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Xiaorong Peng
- Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, College of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yonglong Zhang
- Associates of Cape Cod Inc., Falmouth, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Daniel Tremblay-Sher
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Montreal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Cecile Tremblay
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Carl Chartrand-Lefebvre
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Madeleine Durand
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jean-Pierre Routy
- Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Division of Hematology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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22
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Abstract
Lipids are biologically active molecules involved in a variety of cellular processes and immunological functions, including inflammation. It was recently shown that phospholipids and their derivatives, lysophospholipids, can reactivate latent (dormant) tumor cells, causing cancer recurrence. However, the potential link between lipids and HIV latency, persistence, and viral rebound after cessation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has never been investigated. We explored the links between plasma lipids and the burden of HIV during ART. We profiled the circulating lipidome from plasma samples from 24 chronically HIV-infected individuals on suppressive ART who subsequently underwent an analytic treatment interruption (ATI) without concurrent immunotherapies. The pre-ATI viral burden was estimated as time-to-viral-rebound and viral load set points post-ATI. We found that higher pre-ATI levels of lysophospholipids, including the proinflammatory lysophosphatidylcholine, were associated with faster time-to-viral-rebound and higher viral set points upon ART cessation. Furthermore, higher pre-ATI levels of the proinflammatory by-product of intestinal lysophosphatidylcholine metabolism, trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), were also linked to faster viral rebound post-ART. Finally, pre-ATI levels of several phosphatidylcholine species (lysophosphatidylcholine precursors) correlated strongly with higher pre-ATI levels of HIV DNA in peripheral CD4+ T cells. Our proof-of-concept data point to phospholipids and lysophospholipids as plausible proinflammatory contributors to HIV persistence and rapid post-ART HIV rebound. The potential interplay between phospholipid metabolism and both the establishment and maintenance of HIV latent reservoirs during and after ART warrants further investigation.
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23
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Wang Z, Usyk M, Sollecito CC, Qiu Y, Williams-Nguyen J, Hua S, Gradissimo A, Wang T, Xue X, Kurland IJ, Ley K, Landay AL, Anastos K, Knight R, Kaplan RC, Burk RD, Qi Q. Altered Gut Microbiota and Host Metabolite Profiles in Women With Human Immunodeficiency Virus. Clin Infect Dis 2020; 71:2345-2353. [PMID: 31748797 PMCID: PMC7713676 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciz1117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alterations in gut microbiota (GMB) and host metabolites have been noted in individuals with HIV. However, it remains unclear whether alterations in GMB and related functional groups contribute to disrupted host metabolite profiles in these individuals. METHODS This study included 185 women (128 with longstanding HIV infection, 88% under antiretroviral therapy; and 57 women without HIV from the same geographic location with comparable characteristics). Stool samples were analyzed by 16S rRNA V4 region sequencing, and GMB function was inferred by PICRUSt. Plasma metabolomic profiling was performed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and 133 metabolites (amino acids, biogenic amines, acylcarnitines, and lipids) were analyzed. RESULTS Four predominant bacterial genera were identified as associated with HIV infection, with higher abundances of Ruminococcus and Oscillospira and lower abundances of Bifidobacterium and Collinsella in women with HIV than in those without. Women with HIV showed a distinct plasma metabolite profile, which featured elevated glycerophospholipid levels compared with those without HIV. Functional analyses also indicated that GMB lipid metabolism was enriched in women with HIV. Ruminococcus and Oscillospira were among the top bacterial genera contributing to the GMB glycerophospholipid metabolism pathway and showed positive correlations with host plasma glycerophospholipid levels. One bacterial functional capacity in the acetate and propionate biosynthesis pathway was identified to be mainly contributed by Bifidobacterium; this functional capacity was lower in women with HIV than in women without HIV. CONCLUSIONS Our integrative analyses identified altered GMB with related functional capacities that might be associated with disrupted plasma metabolite profiles in women with HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Mykhaylo Usyk
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | | | - Yunping Qiu
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Jessica Williams-Nguyen
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Simin Hua
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Ana Gradissimo
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Xiaonan Xue
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Irwin J Kurland
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Klaus Ley
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Alan L Landay
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush Medical College, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kathryn Anastos
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Women’s Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Rob Knight
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Robert C Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Robert D Burk
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Women’s Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Qibin Qi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
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24
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Leuti A, Fazio D, Fava M, Piccoli A, Oddi S, Maccarrone M. Bioactive lipids, inflammation and chronic diseases. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 159:133-169. [PMID: 32628989 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Endogenous bioactive lipids are part of a complex network that modulates a plethora of cellular and molecular processes involved in health and disease, of which inflammation represents one of the most prominent examples. Inflammation serves as a well-conserved defence mechanism, triggered in the event of chemical, mechanical or microbial damage, that is meant to eradicate the source of damage and restore tissue function. However, excessive inflammatory signals, or impairment of pro-resolving/anti-inflammatory pathways leads to chronic inflammation, which is a hallmark of chronic pathologies. All main classes of endogenous bioactive lipids - namely eicosanoids, specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators, lysoglycerophopsholipids and endocannabinoids - have been consistently involved in the chronic inflammation that characterises pathologies such as cancer, diabetes, atherosclerosis, asthma, as well as autoimmune and neurodegenerative disorders and inflammatory bowel diseases. This review gathers the current knowledge concerning the involvement of endogenous bioactive lipids in the pathogenic processes of chronic inflammatory pathologies.
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