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Kedia S, Ji H, Feng R, Androvic P, Spieth L, Liu L, Franz J, Zdiarstek H, Anderson KP, Kaboglu C, Liu Q, Mattugini N, Cherif F, Prtvar D, Cantuti-Castelvetri L, Liesz A, Schifferer M, Stadelmann C, Tahirovic S, Gokce O, Simons M. T cell-mediated microglial activation triggers myelin pathology in a mouse model of amyloidosis. Nat Neurosci 2024:10.1038/s41593-024-01682-8. [PMID: 38937583 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-024-01682-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Age-related myelin damage induces inflammatory responses, yet its involvement in Alzheimer's disease remains uncertain, despite age being a major risk factor. Using a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease, we found that amyloidosis itself triggers age-related oligodendrocyte and myelin damage. Mechanistically, CD8+ T cells promote the progressive accumulation of abnormally interferon-activated microglia that display myelin-damaging activity. Thus, our data suggest that immune responses against myelinating oligodendrocytes may contribute to neurodegenerative diseases with amyloidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreeya Kedia
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
| | - Hao Ji
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ruoqing Feng
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Androvic
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Lena Spieth
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
| | - Lu Liu
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jonas Franz
- Department of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Hanna Zdiarstek
- Department of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Katrin Perez Anderson
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Cem Kaboglu
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Qian Liu
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Nicola Mattugini
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
| | - Fatma Cherif
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
| | - Danilo Prtvar
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
| | - Ludovico Cantuti-Castelvetri
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
| | - Arthur Liesz
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Martina Schifferer
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Christine Stadelmann
- Department of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sabina Tahirovic
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
| | - Ozgun Gokce
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Mikael Simons
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany.
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany.
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
- Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany.
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2
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Zhang B, Zhao J, Yan C, Bai Y, Guo P, Wang C, Wang Z, Du G, Liu A. Combination of RNA-seq and proteomics reveals the mechanism of DL0410 treatment in APP/PS1 transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:116940. [PMID: 38925020 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
There is a lack of a systematic understanding of the specific mechanism of action of DL0410 in AD treatment. In this study, the combination of RNA-seq and proteomics was firstly employed to uncover the mechanism of action of DL0410 in APP/PS1 transgenic mice. The results of behavioral tests showed that oral administration of DL0410 for 8 weeks improved memory and cognition of APP/PS1 mice. DL0410 significantly reduced β-amyloid deposition and resulted in significant upregulation of synaptophysin, PSD95 and NMDAR/ CaMKⅡ signaling pathway in the hippocampus and cortex, indicating that DL0410 improved synaptic plasticity in APP/PS1 mice, which agrees with the results of RNA-seq and proteomics. Furthermore, the enrichment results of differentially expressed genes identified by RNA-seq and proteomics demonstrate the potential protective effects of DL0410 against oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. As expected, DL0410 dose-dependently ameliorated oxidative damage and markedly increased the expression of PGC-1α, TFAM, SOD1 and SOD2. Mitochondrial high-resolution respirometry results revealed that mitochondrial respiratory function was significantly improved in APP/PS1 mice administered with DL0410. In addition, DL0410 treatment reduced oxidative damage, strengthened antioxidant system and improved mitochondrial function in Aβ-induced HT22 cells. Altogether, our findings suggest the potential of DL0410 as a novel candidate for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoyue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 10050, China; Beijing Key Lab of Drug Target Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 10050, China; Beijing Key Lab of Drug Target Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Caiqin Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 10050, China; Beijing Key Lab of Drug Target Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yiming Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 10050, China; Beijing Key Lab of Drug Target Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Pengfei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 10050, China; Beijing Key Lab of Drug Target Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 10050, China; Beijing Key Lab of Drug Target Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 10050, China; Beijing Key Lab of Drug Target Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Guanhua Du
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 10050, China; Beijing Key Lab of Drug Target Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Ailin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 10050, China; Beijing Key Lab of Drug Target Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
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3
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Russo ML, Ayala G, Neal D, Rogalsky AE, Ahmad S, Musial TF, Pearlman M, Bean LA, Farooqi AK, Ahmed A, Castaneda A, Patel A, Parduhn Z, Haddad LG, Gabriel A, Disterhoft JF, Nicholson DA. Alzheimer's-linked axonal changes accompany elevated antidromic action potential failure rate in aged mice. Brain Res 2024; 1841:149083. [PMID: 38866308 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) affects both grey and white matter (WM), but considerably more is known about the former. Interestingly, WM disruption has been consistently observed and thoroughly described using imaging modalities, particularly MRI which has shown WM functional disconnections between the hippocampus and other brain regions during AD pathogenesis when early neurodegeneration and synapse loss are also evident. Nonetheless, high-resolution structural and functional analyses of WM during AD pathogenesis remain scarce. Given the importance of the myelinated axons in the WM for conveying information across brain regions, such studies will provide valuable information on the cellular drivers and consequences of WM disruption that contribute to the characteristic cognitive decline of AD. Here, we employed a multi-scale approach to investigate hippocampal WM disruption during AD pathogenesis and determine whether hippocampal WM changes accompany the well-documented grey matter losses. Our data indicate that ultrastructural myelin disruption is elevated in the alveus in human AD cases and increases with age in 5xFAD mice. Unreliable action potential propagation and changes to sodium channel expression at the node of Ranvier co-emerged with this deterioration. These findings provide important insight to the neurobiological substrates and functional consequences of decreased WM integrity and are consistent with the notion that hippocampal disconnection contributes to cognitive changes in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew L Russo
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
| | - Gelique Ayala
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Demetria Neal
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Annalise E Rogalsky
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Suzan Ahmad
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Timothy F Musial
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Morgan Pearlman
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Linda A Bean
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Anise K Farooqi
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Aysha Ahmed
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Adrian Castaneda
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Aneri Patel
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Zachary Parduhn
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Loreece G Haddad
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Ashley Gabriel
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - John F Disterhoft
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Daniel A Nicholson
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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4
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Liang Z, Zhuang H, Cao X, Ma G, Shen L. Subcellular proteomics insights into Alzheimer's disease development. Proteomics Clin Appl 2024; 18:e2200112. [PMID: 37650321 DOI: 10.1002/prca.202200112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), one of the most common dementias, is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by cognitive impairment and decreased judgment function. The expected number of AD patient is increasing in the context of the world's advancing medical care and increasing human life expectancy. Since current molecular mechanism studies on AD pathogenesis are incomplete, there is no specific and effective therapeutic agent. Mass spectrometry (MS)-based unbiased proteomics studies provide an effective and comprehensive approach. Many advances have been made in the study of the mechanism, diagnostic markers, and drug targets of AD using proteomics. This paper focus on subcellular level studies, reviews studies using proteomics to study AD-associated mitochondrial dysfunction, synaptic, and myelin damage, the protein composition of amyloid plaques (APs) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), changes in tissue extracellular vehicles (EVs) and exosome proteome, and the protein changes in ribosomes and lysosomes. The methods of sample separation and preparation and proteomic analysis as well as the main findings of these studies are involved. The results of these proteomics studies provide insights into the pathogenesis of AD and provide theoretical resource and direction for future research in AD, helping to identify new biomarkers and drugs targets for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Liang
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Hongbin Zhuang
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Xueshan Cao
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, P. R. China
- College of Physics and Optoelectronics Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Guanwei Ma
- School of Public Health, the key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P. R. China
| | - Liming Shen
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, P. R. China
- Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, P. R. China
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5
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Parrilla GE, Gupta V, Wall RV, Salkar A, Basavarajappa D, Mirzaei M, Chitranshi N, Graham SL, You Y. The role of myelin in neurodegeneration: implications for drug targets and neuroprotection strategies. Rev Neurosci 2024; 35:271-292. [PMID: 37983528 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2023-0081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Myelination of axons in the central nervous system offers numerous advantages, including decreased energy expenditure for signal transmission and enhanced signal speed. The myelin sheaths surrounding an axon consist of a multi-layered membrane that is formed by oligodendrocytes, while specific glycoproteins and lipids play various roles in this formation process. As beneficial as myelin can be, its dysregulation and degeneration can prove detrimental. Inflammation, oxidative stress, and changes in cellular metabolism and the extracellular matrix can lead to demyelination of these axons. These factors are hallmark characteristics of certain demyelinating diseases including multiple sclerosis. The effects of demyelination are also implicated in primary degeneration in diseases such as glaucoma and Alzheimer's disease, as well as in processes of secondary degeneration. This reveals a relationship between myelin and secondary processes of neurodegeneration, including resultant degeneration following traumatic injury and transsynaptic degeneration. The role of myelin in primary and secondary degeneration is also of interest in the exploration of strategies and targets for remyelination, including the use of anti-inflammatory molecules or nanoparticles to deliver drugs. Although the use of these methods in animal models of diseases have shown to be effective in promoting remyelination, very few clinical trials in patients have met primary end points. This may be due to shortcomings or considerations that are not met while designing a clinical trial that targets remyelination. Potential solutions include diversifying disease targets and requiring concomitant interventions to promote rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella E Parrilla
- Faculty of Human, Health, and Medical Science, Department of Clinical Medicine, Macquarie University, Wallumattagal Campus, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Vivek Gupta
- Faculty of Human, Health, and Medical Science, Department of Clinical Medicine, Macquarie University, Wallumattagal Campus, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Roshana Vander Wall
- Faculty of Human, Health, and Medical Science, Department of Clinical Medicine, Macquarie University, Wallumattagal Campus, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Akanksha Salkar
- Faculty of Human, Health, and Medical Science, Department of Clinical Medicine, Macquarie University, Wallumattagal Campus, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Devaraj Basavarajappa
- Faculty of Human, Health, and Medical Science, Department of Clinical Medicine, Macquarie University, Wallumattagal Campus, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Mehdi Mirzaei
- Faculty of Human, Health, and Medical Science, Department of Clinical Medicine, Macquarie University, Wallumattagal Campus, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Nitin Chitranshi
- Faculty of Human, Health, and Medical Science, Department of Clinical Medicine, Macquarie University, Wallumattagal Campus, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Stuart L Graham
- Faculty of Human, Health, and Medical Science, Department of Clinical Medicine, Macquarie University, Wallumattagal Campus, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
- Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, 8 Macquarie St, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia
| | - Yuyi You
- Faculty of Human, Health, and Medical Science, Department of Clinical Medicine, Macquarie University, Wallumattagal Campus, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
- Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, 8 Macquarie St, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia
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Mao X, Han D, Guo W, Zhang W, Wang H, Zhang G, Zhang N, Jin L, Nie B, Li H, Song Y, Wu Y, Chang L. Lateralized brunt of sleep deprivation on white matter injury in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease. GeroScience 2024; 46:2295-2315. [PMID: 37940789 PMCID: PMC10828179 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-01000-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep disturbance is a recognized risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the underlying micro-pathological evidence remains limited. To bridge this gap, we established an amyloid-β oligomers (AβO)-induced rat model of AD and subjected it to intermittent sleep deprivation (SD). Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and transmission electron microscopy were employed to assess white matter (WM) integrity and ultrastructural changes in myelin sheaths. Our findings demonstrated that SD exacerbated AβO-induced cognitive decline. Furthermore, we found SD aggravated AβO-induced asymmetrical impairments in WM, presenting with reductions in tract integrity observed in commissural fibers and association fasciculi, particularly the right anterior commissure, right corpus callosum, and left cingulum. Ultrastructural changes in myelin sheaths within the hippocampus and corpus callosum further confirmed a lateralized effect. Moreover, SD worsened AβO-induced lateralized disruption of the brain structural network, with impairments in critical nodes of the left hemisphere strongly correlated with cognitive dysfunction. This work represents the first identification of a lateralized impact of SD on the mesoscopic network and cognitive deficits in an AD rat model. These findings could deepen our understanding of the complex interplay between sleep disturbance and AD pathology, providing valuable insights into the early progression of the disease, as well as the development of neuroimaging biomarkers for screening early AD patients with self-reported sleep disturbances. Enhanced understanding of these mechanisms may pave the way for targeted interventions to alleviate cognitive decline and improve the quality of life for individuals at risk of or affected by AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Mao
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ding Han
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wensheng Guo
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wanning Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongqi Wang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Guitao Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Neurology and Clinical Psychology, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Liangyun Jin
- Electron Microscope Room of Central Laboratory, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Binbin Nie
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Radiographic Techniques and Equipment, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yizhi Song
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Lirong Chang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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7
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Ahmed M, Lai AY, Hill ME, Ribeiro JA, Amiraslani A, McLaurin J. Obesity differentially effects the somatosensory cortex and striatum of TgF344-AD rats. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7235. [PMID: 38538727 PMCID: PMC10973391 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57953-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Lifestyle choices leading to obesity, hypertension and diabetes in mid-life contribute directly to the risk of late-life Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, in late-life or in late-stage AD conditions, obesity reduces the risk of AD and disease progression. To examine the mechanisms underlying this paradox, TgF344-AD rats were fed a varied high-carbohydrate, high-fat (HCHF) diet to induce obesity from nine months of age representing early stages of AD to twelve months of age in which rats exhibit the full spectrum of AD symptomology. We hypothesized regions primarily composed of gray matter, such as the somatosensory cortex (SSC), would be differentially affected compared to regions primarily composed of white matter, such as the striatum. We found increased myelin and oligodendrocytes in the somatosensory cortex of rats fed the HCHF diet with an absence of neuronal loss. We observed decreased inflammation in the somatosensory cortex despite increased AD pathology. Compared to the somatosensory cortex, the striatum had fewer changes. Overall, our results suggest that the interaction between diet and AD progression affects myelination in a brain region specific manner such that regions with a lower density of white matter are preferentially affected. Our results offer a possible mechanistic explanation for the obesity paradox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhal Ahmed
- Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Aaron Y Lai
- Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Mary E Hill
- Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Jessica A Ribeiro
- Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Ashley Amiraslani
- Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - JoAnne McLaurin
- Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
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8
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Rubinski A, Dewenter A, Zheng L, Franzmeier N, Stephenson H, Deming Y, Duering M, Gesierich B, Denecke J, Pham AV, Bendlin B, Ewers M. Florbetapir PET-assessed demyelination is associated with faster tau accumulation in an APOE ε4-dependent manner. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2024; 51:1035-1049. [PMID: 38049659 PMCID: PMC10881623 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-023-06530-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The main objectives were to test whether (1) a decrease in myelin is associated with enhanced rate of fibrillar tau accumulation and cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease, and (2) whether apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 genotype is associated with worse myelin decrease and thus tau accumulation. METHODS To address our objectives, we repurposed florbetapir-PET as a marker of myelin in the white matter (WM) based on previous validation studies showing that beta-amyloid (Aβ) PET tracers bind to WM myelin. We assessed 43 Aβ-biomarker negative (Aβ-) cognitively normal participants and 108 Aβ+ participants within the AD spectrum with florbetapir-PET at baseline and longitudinal flortaucipir-PET as a measure of fibrillar tau (tau-PET) over ~ 2 years. In linear regression analyses, we tested florbetapir-PET in the whole WM and major fiber tracts as predictors of tau-PET accumulation in a priori defined regions of interest (ROIs) and fiber-tract projection areas. In mediation analyses we tested whether tau-PET accumulation mediates the effect of florbetapir-PET in the whole WM on cognition. Finally, we assessed the role of myelin alteration on the association between APOE and tau-PET accumulation. RESULTS Lower florbetapir-PET in the whole WM or at a given fiber tract was predictive of faster tau-PET accumulation in Braak stages or the connected grey matter areas in Aβ+ participants. Faster tau-PET accumulation in higher cortical brain areas mediated the association between a decrease in florbetapir-PET in the WM and a faster rate of decline in global cognition and episodic memory. APOE ε4 genotype was associated with a worse decrease in the whole WM florbetapir-PET and thus enhanced tau-PET accumulation. CONCLUSION Myelin alterations are associated in an APOE ε4 dependent manner with faster tau progression and cognitive decline, and may therefore play a role in the etiology of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Rubinski
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Anna Dewenter
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Lukai Zheng
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nicolai Franzmeier
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Henry Stephenson
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin- Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Yuetiva Deming
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin- Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Marco Duering
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Medical Image Analysis Center (MIAC) and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Benno Gesierich
- Medical Image Analysis Center (MIAC) and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jannis Denecke
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - An-Vi Pham
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Barbara Bendlin
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin- Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Michael Ewers
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany.
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany.
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9
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Paul S, Bhardwaj J, Binukumar BK. Cdk5-mediated oligodendrocyte myelin breakdown and neuroinflammation: Implications for the link between Type 2 Diabetes and Alzheimer's disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:166986. [PMID: 38092158 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Oligodendrocytes, crucial myelinating glia in the central nervous system, play a vital role in maintaining axonal integrity and facilitating efficient nerve impulse conduction. The degradation of myelin in oligodendrocytes has been implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cognitive dysfunction. Interestingly, individuals with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) have a significantly higher likelihood of developing cognitive impairment, possibly due to insulin resistance and glucose toxicity within the central nervous system (CNS). However, the precise relationship between these two disorders remains elusive. Our study proposes a potential link between T2D and AD, involving Cdk5-mediated breakdown of oligodendrocyte myelin and neuroinflammation. In the context of T2D, glucose toxicity in oligodendrocytes leads to heightened Cdk5 kinase activity and cPLA2 hyperactivation, resulting in chronic inflammation and myelin deterioration. This myelin breakdown in oligodendrocytes is thought to contribute to the development of AD and cognitive dysfunction. Notably, the administration of a Cdk5 inhibitor (TFP5) effectively alleviates neuroinflammation and myelin degradation. Moreover, our findings demonstrate heightened activity of Cdk5, cPLA2, and phospho-cPLA2 levels in the brain of a mouse model with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). Hence, our findings suggest that targeting Cdk5 could be a promising therapeutic strategy to counteract AD pathogenesis in T2D-related conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangita Paul
- CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Juhi Bhardwaj
- CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - B K Binukumar
- CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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10
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Ahmed M, Lai AY, Hill ME, Ribeiro JA, Amiraslani A, McLaurin J. Obesity differentially effects the somatosensory cortex and striatum of TgF344-AD rats. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.22.576454. [PMID: 38545621 PMCID: PMC10970715 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.22.576454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Lifestyle choices leading to obesity, hypertension and diabetes in mid-life contribute directly to the risk of late-life Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, in late-life or in late-stage AD conditions, obesity reduces the risk of AD and disease progression. To examine the mechanisms underlying this paradox, TgF344-AD rats were fed a varied high-carbohydrate, high-fat (HCHF) diet to induce obesity from nine months of age representing early stages of AD to twelve months of age in which rats exhibit the full spectrum of AD symptomology. We hypothesized regions primarily composed of gray matter, such as the somatosensory cortex (SSC), would be differentially affected compared to regions primarily composed of white matter, such as the striatum. We found increased myelin and oligodendrocytes in the somatosensory cortex of rats fed the HCHF diet with an absence of neuronal loss. We observed decreased inflammation in the somatosensory cortex despite increased AD pathology. Compared to the somatosensory cortex, the striatum had fewer changes. Overall, our results suggest that the interaction between diet and AD progression affects myelination in a brain region specific manner such that regions with a lower density of white matter are preferentially effected. Our results offer a possible mechanistic explanation for the obesity paradox.
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11
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Da X, Hempel E, Ou Y, Rowe OE, Malchano Z, Hajós M, Kern R, Megerian JT, Cimenser A. Noninvasive Gamma Sensory Stimulation May Reduce White Matter and Myelin Loss in Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 97:359-372. [PMID: 38073386 PMCID: PMC10789351 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) demonstrate progressive white matter atrophy and myelin loss. Restoring myelin content or preventing demyelination has been suggested as a therapeutic approach for AD. OBJECTIVE Herein, we investigate the effects of non-invasive, combined visual and auditory gamma-sensory stimulation on white matter atrophy and myelin content loss in patients with AD. METHODS In this study, we used the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data from the OVERTURE study (NCT03556280), a randomized, controlled, clinical trial in which active treatment participants received daily, non-invasive, combined visual and auditory, 40 Hz stimulation for six months. A subset of OVERTURE participants who meet the inclusion criteria for detailed white matter (N = 38) and myelin content (N = 36) assessments are included in the analysis. White matter volume assessments were performed using T1-weighted MRI, and myelin content assessments were performed using T1-weighted/T2-weighted MRI. Treatment effects on white matter atrophy and myelin content loss were assessed. RESULTS Combined visual and auditory gamma-sensory stimulation treatment is associated with reduced total and regional white matter atrophy and myelin content loss in active treatment participants compared to sham treatment participants. Across white matter structures evaluated, the most significant changes were observed in the entorhinal region. CONCLUSIONS The study results suggest that combined visual and auditory gamma-sensory stimulation may modulate neuronal network function in AD in part by reducing white matter atrophy and myelin content loss. Furthermore, the entorhinal region MRI outcomes may have significant implications for early disease intervention, considering the crucial afferent connections to the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Da
- Cognito Therapeutics, Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Evan Hempel
- Cognito Therapeutics, Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Yangming Ou
- Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Mihály Hajós
- Cognito Therapeutics, Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ralph Kern
- Cognito Therapeutics, Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
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12
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Sola-Sevilla N, Puerta E. SIRT2 as a potential new therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:124-131. [PMID: 37488853 PMCID: PMC10479864 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.375315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia globally with an increasing incidence over the years, bringing a heavy burden to individuals and society due to the lack of an effective treatment. In this context, sirtuin 2, the sirtuin with the highest expression in the brain, has emerged as a potential therapeutic target for neurodegenerative diseases. This review summarizes and discusses the complex roles of sirtuin 2 in different molecular mechanisms involved in Alzheimer's disease such as amyloid and tau pathology, microtubule stability, neuroinflammation, myelin formation, autophagy, and oxidative stress. The role of sirtuin 2 in all these processes highlights its potential implication in the etiology and development of Alzheimer's disease. However, its presence in different cell types and its enormous variety of substrates leads to apparently contradictory conclusions when it comes to understanding its specific functions. Further studies in sirtuin 2 research with selective sirtuin 2 modulators targeting specific sirtuin 2 substrates are necessary to clarify its specific functions under different conditions and to validate it as a novel pharmacological target. This will contribute to the development of new treatment strategies, not only for Alzheimer's disease but also for other neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemi Sola-Sevilla
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Navarra, Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Elena Puerta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Navarra, Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
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13
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Tian Y, Oh JH, Rhee HY, Park S, Ryu CW, Cho AR, Jahng GH. Gray-white matter boundary Z-score and volume as imaging biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1291376. [PMID: 38161586 PMCID: PMC10755914 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1291376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Alzheimer's disease (AD) presents typically gray matter atrophy and white matter abnormalities in neuroimaging, suggesting that the gray-white matter boundary could be altered in individuals with AD. The purpose of this study was to explore differences of gray-white matter boundary Z-score (gwBZ) and its tissue volume (gwBTV) between patients with AD, amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and cognitively normal (CN) elderly participants. Methods Three-dimensional T1-weight images of a total of 227 participants were prospectively obtained from our institute from 2006 to 2022 to map gwBZ and gwBTV on images. Statistical analyses of gwBZ and gwBTV were performed to compare the three groups (AD, MCI, CN), to assess their correlations with age and Korean version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (K-MMSE), and to evaluate their effects on AD classification in the hippocampus. Results This study included 62 CN participants (71.8 ± 4.8 years, 20 males, 42 females), 72 MCI participants (72.6 ± 5.1 years, 23 males, 49 females), and 93 AD participants (73.6 ± 7.7 years, 22 males, 71 females). The AD group had lower gwBZ and gwBTV than CN and MCI groups. K-MMSE showed positive correlations with gwBZ and gwBTV whereas age showed negative correlations with gwBZ and gwBTV. The combination of gwBZ or gwBTV with K-MMSE had a high accuracy in classifying AD from CN in the hippocampus with an area under curve (AUC) value of 0.972 for both. Conclusion gwBZ and gwBTV were reduced in AD. They were correlated with cognitive function and age. Moreover, gwBZ or gwBTV combined with K-MMSE had a high accuracy in differentiating AD from CN in the hippocampus. These findings suggest that evaluating gwBZ and gwBTV in AD brain could be a useful tool for monitoring AD progression and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunan Tian
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang-Hoon Oh
- Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak Young Rhee
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soonchan Park
- Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Woo Ryu
- Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ah Rang Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Geon-Ho Jahng
- Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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14
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Moallemian S, Salmon E, Bahri MA, Beliy N, Delhaye E, Balteau E, Degueldre C, Phillips C, Bastin C. Multimodal imaging of microstructural cerebral alterations and loss of synaptic density in Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging 2023; 132:24-35. [PMID: 37717552 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Multiple neuropathological events are involved in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The current study investigated the concurrence of neurodegeneration, increased iron content, atrophy, and demyelination in AD. Quantitative multiparameter magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) maps providing neuroimaging biomarkers for myelination and iron content along with synaptic density measurements using [18F] UCB-H PET were acquired in 24 AD and 19 Healthy controls (19 males). The whole brain voxel-wise group comparison revealed demyelination in the right hippocampus, while no significant iron content difference was detected. Bilateral atrophy and synaptic density loss were observed in the hippocampus and amygdala. The multivariate GLM (mGLM) analysis shows a bilateral difference in the hippocampus and amygdala, right pallidum, left fusiform and temporal lobe suggesting that these regions are the most affected despite the diverse differences in brain tissue properties in AD. Demyelination was identified as the most affecting factor in the observed differences. Here, the mGLM is introduced as an alternative for multiple comparisons between different modalities, reducing the risk of false positives while informing about the co-occurrence of neuropathological processes in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soodeh Moallemian
- GIGA-Cyclotron Research Centre-In Vivo Imaging, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
| | - Eric Salmon
- GIGA-Cyclotron Research Centre-In Vivo Imaging, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
| | - Mohamed Ali Bahri
- GIGA-Cyclotron Research Centre-In Vivo Imaging, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
| | - Nikita Beliy
- GIGA-Cyclotron Research Centre-In Vivo Imaging, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
| | - Emma Delhaye
- GIGA-Cyclotron Research Centre-In Vivo Imaging, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
| | - Evelyne Balteau
- GIGA-Cyclotron Research Centre-In Vivo Imaging, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
| | - Christian Degueldre
- GIGA-Cyclotron Research Centre-In Vivo Imaging, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
| | - Christophe Phillips
- GIGA-Cyclotron Research Centre-In Vivo Imaging, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
| | - Christine Bastin
- GIGA-Cyclotron Research Centre-In Vivo Imaging, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
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15
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Chen H, Fan L, Guo Q, Wong MY, Yu F, Foxe N, Wang W, Nessim A, Carling G, Liu B, Lopez-Lee C, Huang Y, Amin S, Patel T, Mok SA, Song WM, Zhang B, Ma Q, Fu H, Gan L, Luo W. DAP12 deficiency alters microglia-oligodendrocyte communication and enhances resilience against tau toxicity. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.26.563970. [PMID: 37961594 PMCID: PMC10634844 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.26.563970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Pathogenic tau accumulation fuels neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Enhancing aging brain's resilience to tau pathology would lead to novel therapeutic strategies. DAP12 (DNAX-activation protein 12) is critically involved in microglial immune responses. Previous studies have showed that mice lacking DAP12 in tauopathy mice exhibit higher tau pathology but are protected from tau-induced cognitive deficits. However, the exact mechanism remains elusive. Our current study uncovers a novel resilience mechanism via microglial interaction with oligodendrocytes. Despite higher tau inclusions, Dap12 deletion curbs tau-induced brain inflammation and ameliorates myelin and synapse loss. Specifically, removal of Dap12 abolished tau-induced disease-associated clusters in microglia (MG) and intermediate oligodendrocytes (iOli), which are spatially correlated with tau pathology in AD brains. Our study highlights the critical role of interactions between microglia and oligodendrocytes in tau toxicity and DAP12 signaling as a promising target for enhancing resilience in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Li Fan
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Qi Guo
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Man Ying Wong
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Fangmin Yu
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nessa Foxe
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Aviram Nessim
- The State University of New York at Stony Brook, Long Island, New York, USA
| | - Gillian Carling
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Program of Neuroscience, Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bangyan Liu
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Program of Neuroscience, Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chloe Lopez-Lee
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Program of Neuroscience, Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yige Huang
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Program of Neuroscience, Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sadaf Amin
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tark Patel
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB Canada
| | - Sue-Ann Mok
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB Canada
| | - Won-min Song
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Qin Ma
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Hongjun Fu
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Li Gan
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Millburn High School, New Jersey, NJ, USA
| | - Wenjie Luo
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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16
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Chen H, Fan L, Guo Q, Wong MY, Yu F, Foxe N, Wang W, Nessim A, Carling G, Liu B, Lopez-Lee C, Huang Y, Amin S, Mok SA, Song WM, Zhang B, Ma Q, Fu H, Gan L, Luo W. DAP12 deficiency alters microglia-oligodendrocyte communication and enhances resilience against tau toxicity. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3454358. [PMID: 37961627 PMCID: PMC10635319 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3454358/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Pathogenic tau accumulation fuels neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Enhancing aging brain's resilience to tau pathology would lead to novel therapeutic strategies. DAP12 (DNAX-activation protein 12) is critically involved in microglial immune responses. Previous studies have showed that mice lacking DAP12 in tauopathy mice exhibit higher tau pathology but are protected from tau-induced cognitive deficits. However, the exact mechanism remains elusive. Our current study uncovers a novel resilience mechanism via microglial interaction with oligodendrocytes. Despite higher tau inclusions, Dap12 deletion curbs tau-induced brain inflammation and ameliorates myelin and synapse loss. Specifically, removal of Dap12 abolished tau-induced disease-associated clusters in microglia (MG) and intermediate oligodendrocytes (iOli), which are spatially correlated with tau pathology in AD brains. Our study highlights the critical role of interactions between microglia and oligodendrocytes in tau toxicity and DAP12 signaling as a promising target for enhancing resilience in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Li Fan
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Qi Guo
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Man Ying Wong
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Fangmin Yu
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nessa Foxe
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Aviram Nessim
- The State University of New York at Stony Brook, Long Island, New York, USA
| | - Gillian Carling
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Program of Neuroscience, Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bangyan Liu
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Program of Neuroscience, Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chloe Lopez-Lee
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Program of Neuroscience, Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yige Huang
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Program of Neuroscience, Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sadaf Amin
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sue-Ann Mok
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB Canada
| | - Won-min Song
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Qin Ma
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Hongjun Fu
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Li Gan
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Millburn High School, New Jersey, NJ, USA
| | - Wenjie Luo
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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17
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Cerneckis J, Shi Y. Myelin organoids for the study of Alzheimer's disease. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1283742. [PMID: 37942133 PMCID: PMC10628225 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1283742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Cerneckis
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States
- Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Yanhong Shi
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States
- Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States
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18
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He Y, Li Q, Fu Z, Zeng D, Han Y, Li S. Functional gradients reveal altered functional segregation in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:10836-10847. [PMID: 37718155 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease and amnestic mild cognitive impairment are associated with disrupted functional organization in brain networks, involved with alteration of functional segregation. Connectome gradients are a new tool representing brain functional topological organization to smoothly capture the human macroscale hierarchy. Here, we examined altered topological organization in amnestic mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease by connectome gradient mapping. We further quantified functional segregation by gradient dispersion. Then, we systematically compared the alterations observed in amnestic mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease patients with those in normal controls in a two-dimensional functional gradient space from both the whole-brain level and module level. Compared with normal controls, the first gradient, which described the neocortical hierarchy from unimodal to transmodal regions, showed a more distributed and significant suppression in Alzheimer's disease than amnestic mild cognitive impairment patients. Furthermore, gradient dispersion showed significant decreases in Alzheimer's disease at both the global level and module level, whereas this alteration was limited only to limbic areas in amnestic mild cognitive impairment. Notably, we demonstrated that suppressed gradient dispersion in amnestic mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease was associated with cognitive scores. These findings provide new evidence for altered brain hierarchy in amnestic mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease, which strengthens our understanding of the progressive mechanism of cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yirong He
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Qiongling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Imaging and Connectomics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Zhenrong Fu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Debin Zeng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ying Han
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
- Biomedical Engineering Institute, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Center of Alzheimer's Disease, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing 100050, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Shuyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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19
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Swain A, Soni ND, Wilson N, Juul H, Benyard B, Haris M, Kumar D, Nanga RPR, Detre J, Lee VM, Reddy R. Early-stage mapping of macromolecular content in APP NL-F mouse model of Alzheimer's disease using nuclear Overhauser effect MRI. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1266859. [PMID: 37876875 PMCID: PMC10590923 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1266859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-invasive methods of detecting early-stage Alzheimer's disease (AD) can provide valuable insight into disease pathology, improving the diagnosis and treatment of AD. Nuclear Overhauser enhancement (NOE) MRI is a technique that provides image contrast sensitive to lipid and protein content in the brain. These macromolecules have been shown to be altered in Alzheimer's pathology, with early disruptions in cell membrane integrity and signaling pathways leading to the buildup of amyloid-beta plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. We used template-based analyzes of NOE MRI data and the characteristic Z-spectrum, with parameters optimized for increase specificity to NOE, to detect changes in lipids and proteins in an AD mouse model that recapitulates features of human AD. We find changes in NOE contrast in the hippocampus, hypothalamus, entorhinal cortex, and fimbria, with these changes likely attributed to disruptions in the phospholipid bilayer of cell membranes in both gray and white matter regions. This study suggests that NOE MRI may be a useful tool for monitoring early-stage changes in lipid-mediated metabolism in AD and other disorders with high spatial resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anshuman Swain
- School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Center for Advanced Metabolic Imaging in Precision Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Narayan D. Soni
- Center for Advanced Metabolic Imaging in Precision Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Neil Wilson
- Center for Advanced Metabolic Imaging in Precision Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Halvor Juul
- Center for Advanced Metabolic Imaging in Precision Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Blake Benyard
- School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Center for Advanced Metabolic Imaging in Precision Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Mohammad Haris
- Center for Advanced Metabolic Imaging in Precision Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Dushyant Kumar
- Center for Advanced Metabolic Imaging in Precision Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Ravi Prakash Reddy Nanga
- Center for Advanced Metabolic Imaging in Precision Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - John Detre
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Center for Functional Neuroimaging, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Virginia M. Lee
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Ravinder Reddy
- Center for Advanced Metabolic Imaging in Precision Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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20
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Deng Q, Wu C, Parker E, Liu TCY, Duan R, Yang L. Microglia and Astrocytes in Alzheimer's Disease: Significance and Summary of Recent Advances. Aging Dis 2023:AD.2023.0907. [PMID: 37815901 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease, one of the most common forms of dementia, is characterized by a slow progression of cognitive impairment and neuronal loss. Currently, approved treatments for AD are hindered by various side effects and limited efficacy. Despite considerable research, practical treatments for AD have not been developed. Increasing evidence shows that glial cells, especially microglia and astrocytes, are essential in the initiation and progression of AD. During AD progression, activated resident microglia increases the ability of resting astrocytes to transform into reactive astrocytes, promoting neurodegeneration. Extensive clinical and molecular studies show the involvement of microglia and astrocyte-mediated neuroinflammation in AD pathology, indicating that microglia and astrocytes may be potential therapeutic targets for AD. This review will summarize the significant and recent advances of microglia and astrocytes in the pathogenesis of AD in three parts. First, we will review the typical pathological changes of AD and discuss microglia and astrocytes in terms of function and phenotypic changes. Second, we will describe microglia and astrocytes' physiological and pathological role in AD. These roles include the inflammatory response, "eat me" and "don't eat me" signals, Aβ seeding, propagation, clearance, synapse loss, synaptic pruning, remyelination, and demyelination. Last, we will review the pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies targeting microglia and astrocytes in AD. We conclude that microglia and astrocytes are essential in the initiation and development of AD. Therefore, understanding the new role of microglia and astrocytes in AD progression is critical for future AD studies and clinical trials. Moreover, pharmacological, and non-pharmacological therapies targeting microglia and astrocytes, with specific studies investigating microglia and astrocyte-mediated neuronal damage and repair, may be a promising research direction for future studies regarding AD treatment and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianting Deng
- Laboratory of Exercise and Neurobiology, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chongyun Wu
- Laboratory of Exercise and Neurobiology, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Sports Science, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Emily Parker
- Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Timon Cheng-Yi Liu
- Laboratory of Laser Sports Medicine, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Rui Duan
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Sports Science, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Luodan Yang
- Laboratory of Exercise and Neurobiology, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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21
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Lopez-Lee C, Kodama L, Fan L, Wong MY, Foxe NR, Jiaz L, Yu F, Ye P, Zhu J, Norman K, Torres ER, Kim RD, Mousa GA, Dubal D, Liddelow S, Luo W, Gan L. Sex Chromosomes and Gonads Shape the Sex-Biased Transcriptomic Landscape in Tlr7-Mediated Demyelination During Aging. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.19.558439. [PMID: 37781600 PMCID: PMC10541118 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.19.558439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Demyelination occurs in aging and associated diseases, including Alzheimer's disease. Several of these diseases exhibit sex differences in prevalence and severity. Biological sex primarily stems from sex chromosomes and gonads releasing sex hormones. To dissect mechanisms underlying sex differences in demyelination of aging brains, we constructed a transcriptomic atlas of cell type-specific responses to illustrate how sex chromosomes, gonads, and their interaction shape responses to demyelination. We found that sex-biased oligodendrocyte and microglial responses are driven by interaction of sex chromosomes and gonads prior to myelin loss. Post demyelination, sex chromosomes mainly guide microglial responses, while gonadal composition influences oligodendrocyte signaling. Significantly, ablation of the X-linked gene Toll-like receptor 7 (Tlr7), which exhibited sex-biased expression during demyelination, abolished the sex-biased responses and protected against demyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe Lopez-Lee
- Helen and Robert Appel Institute for Alzheimer’s Disease Research, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Lay Kodama
- Helen and Robert Appel Institute for Alzheimer’s Disease Research, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Li Fan
- Helen and Robert Appel Institute for Alzheimer’s Disease Research, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Man Ying Wong
- Helen and Robert Appel Institute for Alzheimer’s Disease Research, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Nessa R. Foxe
- Helen and Robert Appel Institute for Alzheimer’s Disease Research, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Laraib Jiaz
- Helen and Robert Appel Institute for Alzheimer’s Disease Research, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Fangmin Yu
- Helen and Robert Appel Institute for Alzheimer’s Disease Research, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Pearly Ye
- Helen and Robert Appel Institute for Alzheimer’s Disease Research, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Jingjie Zhu
- Helen and Robert Appel Institute for Alzheimer’s Disease Research, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Kendra Norman
- Helen and Robert Appel Institute for Alzheimer’s Disease Research, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Eileen Ruth Torres
- Helen and Robert Appel Institute for Alzheimer’s Disease Research, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Rachel D. Kim
- Neuroscience Institute, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Gergey Alzaem Mousa
- Helen and Robert Appel Institute for Alzheimer’s Disease Research, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Dena Dubal
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Shane Liddelow
- Neuroscience Institute, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
- Department of Neuroscience & Physiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
- Department of Ophthalmology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
- Parekh Center for Interdisciplinary Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Wenjie Luo
- Helen and Robert Appel Institute for Alzheimer’s Disease Research, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Li Gan
- Helen and Robert Appel Institute for Alzheimer’s Disease Research, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
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22
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Gong Z, Khattar N, Kiely M, Triebswetter C, Bouhrara M. REUSED: A deep neural network method for rapid whole-brain high-resolution myelin water fraction mapping from extremely under-sampled MRI. Comput Med Imaging Graph 2023; 108:102282. [PMID: 37586261 PMCID: PMC10528830 DOI: 10.1016/j.compmedimag.2023.102282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Changes in myelination are a cardinal feature of brain development and the pathophysiology of several central nervous system diseases, including multiple sclerosis and dementias. Advanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) methods have been developed to probe myelin content through the measurement of myelin water fraction (MWF). However, the prolonged data acquisition and post-processing times of current MWF mapping methods pose substantial hurdles to their clinical implementation. Recently, fast steady-state MRI sequences have been implemented to produce high-spatial resolution whole-brain MWF mapping within ∼20 min. Despite the subsequent significant advances in the inversion algorithm to derive MWF maps from steady-state MRI, the high-dimensional nature of such inversion does not permit further reduction of the acquisition time by data under-sampling. In this work, we present an unprecedented reduction in the computation (∼30 s) and the acquisition time (∼7 min) required for whole-brain high-resolution MWF mapping through a new Neural Network (NN)-based approach, named NN-Relaxometry of Extremely Under-SamplEd Data (NN-REUSED). Our analyses demonstrate virtually similar accuracy and precision in derived MWF values using NN-REUSED compared to results derived from the fully sampled reference method. The reduction in the acquisition and computation times represents a breakthrough toward clinically practical MWF mapping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyuan Gong
- Magnetic Resonance Physics of Aging and Dementia Unit, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
| | | | - Matthew Kiely
- Magnetic Resonance Physics of Aging and Dementia Unit, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Curtis Triebswetter
- Magnetic Resonance Physics of Aging and Dementia Unit, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Mustapha Bouhrara
- Magnetic Resonance Physics of Aging and Dementia Unit, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
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23
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Liu Z, Chao J, Wang C, Sun G, Roeth D, Liu W, Chen X, Li L, Tian E, Feng L, Davtyan H, Blurton-Jones M, Kalkum M, Shi Y. Astrocytic response mediated by the CLU risk allele inhibits OPC proliferation and myelination in a human iPSC model. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112841. [PMID: 37494190 PMCID: PMC10510531 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The C allele of rs11136000 variant in the clusterin (CLU) gene represents the third strongest known genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease. However, whether this single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is functional and what the underlying mechanisms are remain unclear. In this study, the CLU rs11136000 SNP is identified as a functional variant by a small-scale CRISPR-Cas9 screen. Astrocytes derived from isogenic induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) carrying the "C" or "T" allele of the CLU rs11136000 SNP exhibit different CLU expression levels. TAR DNA-binding protein-43 (TDP-43) preferentially binds to the "C" allele to promote CLU expression and exacerbate inflammation. The interferon response and CXCL10 expression are elevated in cytokine-treated C/C astrocytes, leading to inhibition of oligodendrocyte progenitor cell (OPC) proliferation and myelination. Accordingly, elevated CLU and CXCL10 but reduced myelin basic protein (MBP) expression are detected in human brains of C/C carriers. Our study uncovers a mechanism underlying reduced white matter integrity observed in the CLU rs11136000 risk "C" allele carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenqing Liu
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Jianfei Chao
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Cheng Wang
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Guihua Sun
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Daniel Roeth
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Therapy, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; Department of Immunology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, China
| | - Xianwei Chen
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Li Li
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - E Tian
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Lizhao Feng
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Hayk Davtyan
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, Institute for Memory Impairments & Neurological Disorders and Sue & Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Mathew Blurton-Jones
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, Institute for Memory Impairments & Neurological Disorders and Sue & Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Markus Kalkum
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Therapy, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Yanhong Shi
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA.
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24
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Fodder K, de Silva R, Warner TT, Bettencourt C. The contribution of DNA methylation to the (dys)function of oligodendroglia in neurodegeneration. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2023; 11:106. [PMID: 37386505 PMCID: PMC10311741 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-023-01607-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases encompass a heterogeneous group of conditions characterised by the progressive degeneration of the structure and function of the central or peripheral nervous systems. The pathogenic mechanisms underlying these diseases are not fully understood. However, a central feature consists of regional aggregation of proteins in the brain, such as the accumulation of β-amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's disease (AD), inclusions of hyperphosphorylated microtubule-binding tau in AD and other tauopathies, or inclusions containing α-synuclein in Parkinson's disease (PD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and multiple system atrophy (MSA). Various pathogenic mechanisms are thought to contribute to disease, and an increasing number of studies implicate dysfunction of oligodendrocytes (the myelin producing cells of the central nervous system) and myelin loss. Aberrant DNA methylation, the most widely studied epigenetic modification, has been associated with many neurodegenerative diseases, including AD, PD, DLB and MSA, and recent findings highlight aberrant DNA methylation in oligodendrocyte/myelin-related genes. Here we briefly review the evidence showing that changes to oligodendrocytes and myelin are key in neurodegeneration, and explore the relevance of DNA methylation in oligodendrocyte (dys)function. As DNA methylation is reversible, elucidating its involvement in pathogenic mechanisms of neurodegenerative diseases and in dysfunction of specific cell-types such as oligodendrocytes may bring opportunities for therapeutic interventions for these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Fodder
- Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Rohan de Silva
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Reta Lila Weston Institute, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Thomas T Warner
- Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Reta Lila Weston Institute, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Conceição Bettencourt
- Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
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25
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Depp C, Sun T, Sasmita AO, Spieth L, Berghoff SA, Nazarenko T, Overhoff K, Steixner-Kumar AA, Subramanian S, Arinrad S, Ruhwedel T, Möbius W, Göbbels S, Saher G, Werner HB, Damkou A, Zampar S, Wirths O, Thalmann M, Simons M, Saito T, Saido T, Krueger-Burg D, Kawaguchi R, Willem M, Haass C, Geschwind D, Ehrenreich H, Stassart R, Nave KA. Myelin dysfunction drives amyloid-β deposition in models of Alzheimer's disease. Nature 2023; 618:349-357. [PMID: 37258678 PMCID: PMC10247380 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06120-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of Alzheimer's disease (AD), the leading cause of dementia, increases rapidly with age, but why age constitutes the main risk factor is still poorly understood. Brain ageing affects oligodendrocytes and the structural integrity of myelin sheaths1, the latter of which is associated with secondary neuroinflammation2,3. As oligodendrocytes support axonal energy metabolism and neuronal health4-7, we hypothesized that loss of myelin integrity could be an upstream risk factor for neuronal amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition, the central neuropathological hallmark of AD. Here we identify genetic pathways of myelin dysfunction and demyelinating injuries as potent drivers of amyloid deposition in mouse models of AD. Mechanistically, myelin dysfunction causes the accumulation of the Aβ-producing machinery within axonal swellings and increases the cleavage of cortical amyloid precursor protein. Suprisingly, AD mice with dysfunctional myelin lack plaque-corralling microglia despite an overall increase in their numbers. Bulk and single-cell transcriptomics of AD mouse models with myelin defects show that there is a concomitant induction of highly similar but distinct disease-associated microglia signatures specific to myelin damage and amyloid plaques, respectively. Despite successful induction, amyloid disease-associated microglia (DAM) that usually clear amyloid plaques are apparently distracted to nearby myelin damage. Our data suggest a working model whereby age-dependent structural defects of myelin promote Aβ plaque formation directly and indirectly and are therefore an upstream AD risk factor. Improving oligodendrocyte health and myelin integrity could be a promising target to delay development and slow progression of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constanze Depp
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Ting Sun
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Andrew Octavian Sasmita
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lena Spieth
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan A Berghoff
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany
| | - Taisiia Nazarenko
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Katharina Overhoff
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Agnes A Steixner-Kumar
- Clinical Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Swati Subramanian
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sahab Arinrad
- Clinical Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Torben Ruhwedel
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Wiebke Möbius
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sandra Göbbels
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Gesine Saher
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Hauke B Werner
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Alkmini Damkou
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany
| | - Silvia Zampar
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Oliver Wirths
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Maik Thalmann
- Department of German Philology, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mikael Simons
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Takashi Saito
- Department of Neurocognitive Science, Institute of Brain Science, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
- Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takaomi Saido
- Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Dilja Krueger-Burg
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Riki Kawaguchi
- Program in Neurogenetics, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michael Willem
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
- Metabolic Biochemistry, Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Haass
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
- Metabolic Biochemistry, Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Geschwind
- Program in Neurogenetics, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hannelore Ehrenreich
- Clinical Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ruth Stassart
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- Paul-Flechsig-Institute of Neuropathology, University Clinic Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Klaus-Armin Nave
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany.
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26
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Hirota Y, Sakakibara Y, Takei K, Nishijima R, Sekiya M, Iijima KM. Alzheimer's Disease-Related Phospho-Tau181 Signals Are Localized to Demyelinated Axons of Parvalbumin-Positive GABAergic Interneurons in an App Knock-In Mouse Model of Amyloid-β Pathology. J Alzheimers Dis 2023:JAD230121. [PMID: 37212118 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The tau protein phosphorylated at Thr181 (p-tau181) in cerebrospinal fluid and blood is a sensitive biomarker for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Increased p-tau181 levels correlate well with amyloid-β (Aβ) pathology and precede neurofibrillary tangle formation in the early stage of AD; however, the relationship between p-tau181 and Aβ-mediated pathology is less well understood. We recently reported that p-tau181 represents axonal abnormalities in mice with Aβ pathology (AppNLGF). However, from which neuronal subtype(s) these p-tau181-positive axons originate remains elusive. OBJECTIVE The main purpose of this study is to differentiate neuronal subtype(s) and elucidate damage associated with p-tau181-positive axons by immunohistochemical analysis of AppNLGF mice brains. METHODS Colocalization between p-tau181 and (1) unmyelinated axons positive for vesicular acetylcholine transporter or norepinephrine transporter and (2) myelinated axons positive for vesicular glutamate transporter, vesicular GABA transporter, or parvalbumin in the brains of 24-month-old AppNLGF and control mice without Aβ pathology were analyzed. The density of these axons was also compared. RESULTS Unmyelinated axons of cholinergic or noradrenergic neurons did not overlap with p-tau181. By contrast, p-tau181 signals colocalized with myelinated axons of parvalbumin-positive GABAergic interneurons but not of glutamatergic neurons. Interestingly, the density of unmyelinated axons was significantly decreased in AppNLGF mice, whereas that of glutamatergic, GABAergic, or p-tau181-positive axons was less affected. Instead, myelin sheaths surrounding p-tau181-positive axons were significantly reduced in AppNLGF mice. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that p-tau181 signals colocalize with axons of parvalbumin-positive GABAergic interneurons with disrupted myelin sheaths in the brains of a mouse model of Aβ pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Hirota
- Department of Neurogenetics, Center for Development of Advanced Medicine for Dementia, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasufumi Sakakibara
- Department of Neurogenetics, Center for Development of Advanced Medicine for Dementia, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kimi Takei
- Department of Neurogenetics, Center for Development of Advanced Medicine for Dementia, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Risa Nishijima
- Department of Neurogenetics, Center for Development of Advanced Medicine for Dementia, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Michiko Sekiya
- Department of Neurogenetics, Center for Development of Advanced Medicine for Dementia, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
- Department of Experimental Gerontology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Koichi M Iijima
- Department of Neurogenetics, Center for Development of Advanced Medicine for Dementia, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
- Department of Experimental Gerontology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
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27
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Fernandez-Alvarez M, Atienza M, Cantero JL. Cortical amyloid-beta burden is associated with changes in intracortical myelin in cognitively normal older adults. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:115. [PMID: 37024484 PMCID: PMC10079650 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02420-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyloid-beta (Aβ) aggregates and myelin breakdown are among the earliest detrimental effects of Alzheimer's disease (AD), likely inducing abnormal patterns of neuronal communication within cortical networks. However, human in vivo evidence linking Aβ burden, intracortical myelin, and cortical synchronization is lacking in cognitively normal older individuals. Here, we addressed this question combining 18F-Florbetaben-PET imaging, cortical T1-weigthed/T2-weighted (T1w/T2w) ratio maps, and resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC) in cognitively unimpaired older adults. Results showed that global Aβ burden was both positively and negatively associated with the T1w/T2w ratio in different cortical territories. Affected cortical regions were further associated with abnormal patterns of rs-FC and with subclinical cognitive deficits. Finally, causal mediation analysis revealed that the negative impact of T1w/T2w ratio in left posterior cingulate cortex on processing speed was driven by Aβ burden. Collectively, these findings provide novel insights into the relationship between initial Aβ plaques and intracortical myelin before the onset of cognitive decline, which may contribute to monitor the efficacy of novel disease-modifying strategies in normal elderly individuals at risk for cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Fernandez-Alvarez
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Atienza
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose L Cantero
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain.
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Madrid, Spain.
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28
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Azargoonjahromi A. Dual role of nitric oxide in Alzheimer's Disease. Nitric Oxide 2023; 134-135:23-37. [PMID: 37019299 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2023.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO), an enzymatic product of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), has been associated with a variety of neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). NO has long been thought to contribute to neurotoxic insults caused by neuroinflammation in AD. This perception shifts as more attention is paid to the early stages before cognitive problems manifest. However, it has revealed a compensatory neuroprotective role for NO that protects synapses by increasing neuronal excitability. NO can positively affect neurons by inducing neuroplasticity, neuroprotection, and myelination, as well as having cytolytic activity to reduce inflammation. NO can also induce long-term potentiation (LTP), a process by which synaptic connections among neurons become more potent. Not to mention that such functions give rise to AD protection. Notably, it is unquestionably necessary to conduct more research to clarify NO pathways in neurodegenerative dementias because doing so could help us better understand their pathophysiology and develop more effective treatment options. All these findings bring us to the prevailing notion that NO can be used either as a therapeutic agent in patients afflicted with AD and other memory impairment disorders or as a contributor to the neurotoxic and aggressive factor in AD. In this review, after presenting a general background on AD and NO, various factors that have a pivotal role in both protecting and exacerbating AD and their correlation with NO will be elucidated. Following this, both the neuroprotective and neurotoxic effects of NO on neurons and glial cells among AD cases will be discussed in detail.
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29
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Maitre M, Jeltsch-David H, Okechukwu NG, Klein C, Patte-Mensah C, Mensah-Nyagan AG. Myelin in Alzheimer's disease: culprit or bystander? Acta Neuropathol Commun 2023; 11:56. [PMID: 37004127 PMCID: PMC10067200 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-023-01554-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with neuronal and synaptic losses due to the accumulation of toxic amyloid β (Αβ) peptide oligomers, plaques, and tangles containing tau (tubulin-associated unit) protein. While familial AD is caused by specific mutations, the sporadic disease is more common and appears to result from a complex chronic brain neuroinflammation with mitochondriopathies, inducing free radicals' accumulation. In aged brain, mutations in DNA and several unfolded proteins participate in a chronic amyloidosis response with a toxic effect on myelin sheath and axons, leading to cognitive deficits and dementia. Αβ peptides are the most frequent form of toxic amyloid oligomers. Accumulations of misfolded proteins during several years alters different metabolic mechanisms, induce chronic inflammatory and immune responses with toxic consequences on neuronal cells. Myelin composition and architecture may appear to be an early target for the toxic activity of Aβ peptides and others hydrophobic misfolded proteins. In this work, we describe the possible role of early myelin alterations in the genesis of neuronal alterations and the onset of symptomatology. We propose that some pathophysiological and clinical forms of the disease may arise from structural and metabolic disorders in the processes of myelination/demyelination of brain regions where the accumulation of non-functional toxic proteins is important. In these forms, the primacy of the deleterious role of amyloid peptides would be a matter of questioning and the initiating role of neuropathology would be primarily the fact of dysmyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Maitre
- Biopathologie de la Myéline, Neuroprotection et Stratégies Thérapeutiques, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), INSERM U1119, Université de Strasbourg, Bâtiment CRBS de la Faculté de Médecine, 1 rue Eugène Boeckel, Strasbourg, 67000, France.
| | - Hélène Jeltsch-David
- Biopathologie de la Myéline, Neuroprotection et Stratégies Thérapeutiques, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), INSERM U1119, Université de Strasbourg, Bâtiment CRBS de la Faculté de Médecine, 1 rue Eugène Boeckel, Strasbourg, 67000, France
- Biotechnologie et signalisation cellulaire, UMR 7242 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 300 Boulevard Sébastien Brant CS 10413, Illkirch cedex, 67412, France
| | - Nwife Getrude Okechukwu
- Biopathologie de la Myéline, Neuroprotection et Stratégies Thérapeutiques, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), INSERM U1119, Université de Strasbourg, Bâtiment CRBS de la Faculté de Médecine, 1 rue Eugène Boeckel, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Christian Klein
- Biopathologie de la Myéline, Neuroprotection et Stratégies Thérapeutiques, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), INSERM U1119, Université de Strasbourg, Bâtiment CRBS de la Faculté de Médecine, 1 rue Eugène Boeckel, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Christine Patte-Mensah
- Biopathologie de la Myéline, Neuroprotection et Stratégies Thérapeutiques, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), INSERM U1119, Université de Strasbourg, Bâtiment CRBS de la Faculté de Médecine, 1 rue Eugène Boeckel, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Ayikoe-Guy Mensah-Nyagan
- Biopathologie de la Myéline, Neuroprotection et Stratégies Thérapeutiques, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), INSERM U1119, Université de Strasbourg, Bâtiment CRBS de la Faculté de Médecine, 1 rue Eugène Boeckel, Strasbourg, 67000, France
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30
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Balusu S, Praschberger R, Lauwers E, De Strooper B, Verstreken P. Neurodegeneration cell per cell. Neuron 2023; 111:767-786. [PMID: 36787752 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
The clinical definition of neurodegenerative diseases is based on symptoms that reflect terminal damage of specific brain regions. This is misleading as it tells little about the initial disease processes. Circuitry failures that underlie the clinical symptomatology are themselves preceded by clinically mostly silent, slowly progressing multicellular processes that trigger or are triggered by the accumulation of abnormally folded proteins such as Aβ, Tau, TDP-43, and α-synuclein, among others. Methodological advances in single-cell omics, combined with complex genetics and novel ways to model complex cellular interactions using induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, make it possible to analyze the early cellular phase of neurodegenerative disorders. This will revolutionize the way we study those diseases and will translate into novel diagnostics and cell-specific therapeutic targets, stopping these disorders in their early track before they cause difficult-to-reverse damage to the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sriram Balusu
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Roman Praschberger
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Elsa Lauwers
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bart De Strooper
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, Leuven, Belgium; UK Dementia Research Institute, London, UK.
| | - Patrik Verstreken
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, Leuven, Belgium.
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31
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Walker KA, Duggan MR, Gong Z, Dark HE, Laporte JP, Faulkner ME, An Y, Lewis A, Moghekar AR, Resnick SM, Bouhrara M. MRI and fluid biomarkers reveal determinants of myelin and axonal loss with aging. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2023; 10:397-407. [PMID: 36762407 PMCID: PMC10014005 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE White matter damage is a feature of Alzheimer's disease, yet little is known about how facets of the Alzheimer's disease process relate to key features of white matter structure. We examined the association of Alzheimer's disease (Aß42/40 ratio; pTau181), neuronal injury (NfL), and reactive astrogliosis (GFAP) biomarkers with MRI measures of myelin content and axonal density. METHODS Among cognitively normal participants in the BLSA and GESTALT studies who received MRI measures of myelin content (defined by myelin water fraction [MWF]) and axonal density (defined by neurite density index [NDI]), we quantified plasma levels of Aβ42 , Aβ40 , pTau181, NfL, and GFAP. Linear regression models adjusted for demographic variables were used to relate these plasma biomarker levels to the MRI measures. RESULTS In total, 119 participants received MWF imaging (age: 56 [SD 21]), of which 43 received NDI imaging (age: 50 [SD 18]). We found no relationship between plasma biomarkers and total brain myelin content. However, secondary analysis found higher GFAP was associated with lower MWF in the temporal lobes (ß = -0.13; P = 0.049). Further, higher levels of NfL (ß = -0.22; P = 0.009) and GFAP (ß = -0.29; P = 0.002) were associated with lower total brain axonal density. Secondary analyses found lower Aβ42/40 ratio and higher pTau181 were also associated with lower axonal density, but only in select brain regions. These results remained similar after additionally adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors. INTERPRETATION Plasma biomarkers of neuronal injury and astrogliosis are associated with reduced axonal density and region-specific myelin content. Axonal loss and demyelination may co-occur with neurodegeneration and astrogliosis ahead of clinically meaningful cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keenan A Walker
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, 21224
| | - Michael R Duggan
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, 21224
| | - Zhaoyuan Gong
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, 21224
| | - Heather E Dark
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, 21224
| | - John P Laporte
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, 21224
| | - Mary E Faulkner
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, 21224
| | - Yang An
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, 21224
| | - Alexandria Lewis
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21224
| | - Abhay R Moghekar
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21224
| | - Susan M Resnick
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, 21224
| | - Mustapha Bouhrara
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, 21224
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32
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Koutsodendris N, Blumenfeld J, Agrawal A, Traglia M, Grone B, Zilberter M, Yip O, Rao A, Nelson MR, Hao Y, Thomas R, Yoon SY, Arriola P, Huang Y. Neuronal APOE4 removal protects against tau-mediated gliosis, neurodegeneration and myelin deficits. NATURE AGING 2023; 3:275-296. [PMID: 37118426 PMCID: PMC10154214 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-023-00368-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) is the strongest known genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD). Conditions of stress or injury induce APOE expression within neurons, but the role of neuronal APOE4 in AD pathogenesis is still unclear. Here we report the characterization of neuronal APOE4 effects on AD-related pathologies in an APOE4-expressing tauopathy mouse model. The selective genetic removal of APOE4 from neurons led to a significant reduction in tau pathology, gliosis, neurodegeneration, neuronal hyperexcitability and myelin deficits. Single-nucleus RNA-sequencing revealed that the removal of neuronal APOE4 greatly diminished neurodegenerative disease-associated subpopulations of neurons, oligodendrocytes, astrocytes and microglia whose accumulation correlated to the severity of tau pathology, neurodegeneration and myelin deficits. Thus, neuronal APOE4 plays a central role in promoting the development of major AD pathologies and its removal can mitigate the progressive cellular and tissue alterations occurring in this model of APOE4-driven tauopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Koutsodendris
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jessica Blumenfeld
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ayushi Agrawal
- Gladstone Institute of Data Science and Biotechnology, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Michela Traglia
- Gladstone Institute of Data Science and Biotechnology, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Brian Grone
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Gladstone Center for Translational Advancement, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Misha Zilberter
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Oscar Yip
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Antara Rao
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Maxine R Nelson
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yanxia Hao
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Gladstone Center for Translational Advancement, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Reuben Thomas
- Gladstone Institute of Data Science and Biotechnology, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Seo Yeon Yoon
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Patrick Arriola
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yadong Huang
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Gladstone Center for Translational Advancement, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Departments of Neurology and Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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33
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Tiwari A, Pradhan S, Sannigrahi A, Mahakud AK, Jha S, Chattopadhyay K, Biswas M, Saleem M. “Interplay of lipid-head group and packing defects in driving Amyloid-beta mediated myelin-like model membrane deformation”. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:104653. [PMID: 36990217 PMCID: PMC10148160 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that amyloid plaque associated myelin lipid loss as a result of elevated amyloid burden might also contribute to Alzheimer's disease. The amyloid fibrils though closely associated with lipids under physiological conditions, however, the progression of membrane remodeling events leading to lipid-fibril assembly remains unknown. Here we first reconstitute the interaction of Aβ-40 with myelin-like model membrane and show that the binding of Aβ-40 induces extensive tubulation. To look into the mechanism of membrane tubulation we chose a set of membrane conditions varying in lipid packing density and net charge that allows us to dissect the contribution of lipid specificity of Aβ-40 binding, aggregation kinetics, and subsequent changes in membrane parameters such as fluidity, diffusion, and compressibility modulus. We show that the binding of Aβ-40 depends predominantly on the lipid packing defect densities and electrostatic interactions and results in rigidification of the myelin-like model membrane during the early phase of amyloid aggregation. Furthermore, elongation of Aβ-40 into higher oligomeric and fibrillar species leads to eventual fluidization of the model membrane followed by extensive lipid membrane tubulation observed in the late phase. Taken together, our results capture mechanistic insights into snapshots of temporal dynamics of Aβ-40 - myelin-like model membrane interaction and demonstrate how short timescale, local phenomena of binding, and fibril-mediated load generation results in the consequent association of lipids with growing amyloid fibrils.
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34
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Alanko V, Gaminde-Blasco A, Quintela-López T, Loera-Valencia R, Solomon A, Björkhem I, Cedazo-Minguez A, Maioli S, Tabacaru G, Latorre-Leal M, Matute C, Kivipelto M, Alberdi E, Sandebring-Matton A. 27-hydroxycholesterol promotes oligodendrocyte maturation: Implications for hypercholesterolemia-associated brain white matter changes. Glia 2023; 71:1414-1428. [PMID: 36779429 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
Oxidized cholesterol metabolite 27-hydroxycholesterol (27-OH) is a potential link between hypercholesterolemia and neurodegenerative diseases since unlike peripheral cholesterol, 27-OH is transported across the blood-brain barrier. However, the effects of high 27-OH levels on oligodendrocyte function remain unexplored. We hypothesize that during hypercholesterolemia 27-OH may impact oligodendrocytes and myelin and thus contribute to the disconnection of neural networks in neurodegenerative diseases. To test this idea, we first investigated the effects of 27-OH in cultured oligodendrocytes and found that it induces cell death of immature O4+ /GalC+ oligodendrocytes along with stimulating differentiation of PDGFR+ oligodendrocyte progenitors (OPCs). Next, transgenic mice with increased systemic 27-OH levels (Cyp27Tg) underwent behavioral testing and their brains were immunohistochemically stained and lysed for immunoblotting. Chronic exposure to 27-OH in mice resulted in increased myelin basic protein (MBP) but not 2',3'-cyclic-nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase (CNPase) or myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) levels in the corpus callosum and cerebral cortex. Intriguingly, we also found impairment of spatial learning suggesting that subtle changes in myelinated axons of vulnerable areas like the hippocampus caused by 27-OH may contribute to impaired cognition. Finally, we found that 27-OH levels in cerebrospinal fluid from memory clinic patients were associated with levels of the myelination regulating CNPase, independently of Alzheimer's disease markers. Thus, 27-OH promotes OPC differentiation and is toxic to immature oligodendrocytes as well as it subtly alters myelin by targeting oligodendroglia. Taken together, these data indicate that hypercholesterolemia-derived higher 27-OH levels change the oligodendrocytic capacity for appropriate myelin remodeling which is a crucial factor in neurodegeneration and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vilma Alanko
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, NVS, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, NVS, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Adhara Gaminde-Blasco
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and CIBERNED, Leioa, Spain.,Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain
| | - Tania Quintela-López
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and CIBERNED, Leioa, Spain.,Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain
| | - Raúl Loera-Valencia
- Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, NVS, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alina Solomon
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, NVS, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Institute of Clinical Medicine/Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Ageing Epidemiology (AGE) Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Ingemar Björkhem
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Angel Cedazo-Minguez
- Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, NVS, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Silvia Maioli
- Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, NVS, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Graziella Tabacaru
- Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, NVS, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - María Latorre-Leal
- Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, NVS, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carlos Matute
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and CIBERNED, Leioa, Spain.,Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain
| | - Miia Kivipelto
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, NVS, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Institute of Clinical Medicine/Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Ageing Epidemiology (AGE) Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Elena Alberdi
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and CIBERNED, Leioa, Spain.,Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain
| | - Anna Sandebring-Matton
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, NVS, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, NVS, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Ageing Epidemiology (AGE) Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
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35
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Ottoy J, Ozzoude M, Zukotynski K, Kang MS, Adamo S, Scott C, Ramirez J, Swardfager W, Lam B, Bhan A, Mojiri P, Kiss A, Strother S, Bocti C, Borrie M, Chertkow H, Frayne R, Hsiung R, Laforce RJ, Noseworthy MD, Prato FS, Sahlas DJ, Smith EE, Kuo PH, Chad JA, Pasternak O, Sossi V, Thiel A, Soucy JP, Tardif JC, Black SE, Goubran M. Amyloid-PET of the white matter: Relationship to free water, fiber integrity, and cognition in patients with dementia and small vessel disease. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2023; 43:921-936. [PMID: 36695071 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x231152001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
White matter (WM) injury is frequently observed along with dementia. Positron emission tomography with amyloid-ligands (Aβ-PET) recently gained interest for detecting WM injury. Yet, little is understood about the origin of the altered Aβ-PET signal in WM regions. Here, we investigated the relative contributions of diffusion MRI-based microstructural alterations, including free water and tissue-specific properties, to Aβ-PET in WM and to cognition. We included a unique cohort of 115 participants covering the spectrum of low-to-severe white matter hyperintensity (WMH) burden and cognitively normal to dementia. We applied a bi-tensor diffusion-MRI model that differentiates between (i) the extracellular WM compartment (represented via free water), and (ii) the fiber-specific compartment (via free water-adjusted fractional anisotropy [FA]). We observed that, in regions of WMH, a decrease in Aβ-PET related most closely to higher free water and higher WMH volume. In contrast, in normal-appearing WM, an increase in Aβ-PET related more closely to higher cortical Aβ (together with lower free water-adjusted FA). In relation to cognitive impairment, we observed a closer relationship with higher free water than with either free water-adjusted FA or WM PET. Our findings support free water and Aβ-PET as markers of WM abnormalities in patients with mixed dementia, and contribute to a better understanding of processes giving rise to the WM PET signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Ottoy
- LC Campbell Cognitive Neurology Unit, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Miracle Ozzoude
- LC Campbell Cognitive Neurology Unit, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Katherine Zukotynski
- LC Campbell Cognitive Neurology Unit, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Departments of Medicine and Radiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Medical Imaging, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada.,Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Min Su Kang
- LC Campbell Cognitive Neurology Unit, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sabrina Adamo
- LC Campbell Cognitive Neurology Unit, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Christopher Scott
- LC Campbell Cognitive Neurology Unit, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Joel Ramirez
- LC Campbell Cognitive Neurology Unit, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Walter Swardfager
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Benjamin Lam
- Department of Medicine (Division of Neurology), Dr. Sandra Black Centre for Brain Resilience and Recovery, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Research Program, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Aparna Bhan
- LC Campbell Cognitive Neurology Unit, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Parisa Mojiri
- LC Campbell Cognitive Neurology Unit, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Alex Kiss
- Department of Research Design and Biostatistics, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Stephen Strother
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,The Rotman Research Institute Baycrest, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Christian Bocti
- Service de Neurologie, Département de Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Michael Borrie
- Lawson Health Research Institute, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Howard Chertkow
- Jewish General Hospital and Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Richard Frayne
- Departments of Radiology and Clinical Neuroscience, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Robin Hsiung
- Physics and Astronomy Department and DM Center for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Robert Jr Laforce
- Clinique Interdisciplinaire de Mémoire, Département des Sciences Neurologiques, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Michael D Noseworthy
- Departments of Medicine and Radiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Frank S Prato
- Lawson Health Research Institute, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | | | - Eric E Smith
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Phillip H Kuo
- Department of Medical Imaging, Medicine, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Jordan A Chad
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,The Rotman Research Institute Baycrest, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ofer Pasternak
- Departments of Psychiatry and Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Vesna Sossi
- Physics and Astronomy Department and DM Center for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Alexander Thiel
- Jewish General Hospital and Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-Paul Soucy
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Sandra E Black
- LC Campbell Cognitive Neurology Unit, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Medicine (Division of Neurology), Dr. Sandra Black Centre for Brain Resilience and Recovery, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Research Program, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Maged Goubran
- LC Campbell Cognitive Neurology Unit, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Physical Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
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36
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Bernal‐Chico A, Tepavcevic V, Manterola A, Utrilla C, Matute C, Mato S. Endocannabinoid signaling in brain diseases: Emerging relevance of glial cells. Glia 2023; 71:103-126. [PMID: 35353392 PMCID: PMC9790551 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of cannabinoid receptors as the primary molecular targets of psychotropic cannabinoid Δ9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9 -THC) in late 1980s paved the way for investigations on the effects of cannabis-based therapeutics in brain pathology. Ever since, a wealth of results obtained from studies on human tissue samples and animal models have highlighted a promising therapeutic potential of cannabinoids and endocannabinoids in a variety of neurological disorders. However, clinical success has been limited and major questions concerning endocannabinoid signaling need to be satisfactorily addressed, particularly with regard to their role as modulators of glial cells in neurodegenerative diseases. Indeed, recent studies have brought into the limelight diverse, often unexpected functions of astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglia in brain injury and disease, thus providing scientific basis for targeting glial cells to treat brain disorders. This Review summarizes the current knowledge on the molecular and cellular hallmarks of endocannabinoid signaling in glial cells and its clinical relevance in neurodegenerative and chronic inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Bernal‐Chico
- Department of NeurosciencesUniversity of the Basque Country UPV/EHULeioaSpain,Achucarro Basque Center for NeuroscienceLeioaSpain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED)MadridSpain,Neuroimmunology UnitBiocruces BizkaiaBarakaldoSpain
| | | | - Andrea Manterola
- Department of NeurosciencesUniversity of the Basque Country UPV/EHULeioaSpain,Achucarro Basque Center for NeuroscienceLeioaSpain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED)MadridSpain,Present address:
Parque Científico y Tecnológico de GuipuzkoaViralgenSan SebastianSpain
| | | | - Carlos Matute
- Department of NeurosciencesUniversity of the Basque Country UPV/EHULeioaSpain,Achucarro Basque Center for NeuroscienceLeioaSpain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED)MadridSpain
| | - Susana Mato
- Department of NeurosciencesUniversity of the Basque Country UPV/EHULeioaSpain,Achucarro Basque Center for NeuroscienceLeioaSpain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED)MadridSpain,Neuroimmunology UnitBiocruces BizkaiaBarakaldoSpain
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37
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Mendez Colmenares A, Hefner MB, Calhoun VD, Salerno EA, Fanning J, Gothe NP, McAuley E, Kramer AF, Burzynska AZ. Symmetric data-driven fusion of diffusion tensor MRI: Age differences in white matter. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1094313. [PMID: 37139071 PMCID: PMC10149813 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1094313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past 20 years, white matter (WM) microstructure has been studied predominantly using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Decreases in fractional anisotropy (FA) and increases in mean (MD) and radial diffusivity (RD) have been consistently reported in healthy aging and neurodegenerative diseases. To date, DTI parameters have been studied individually (e.g., only FA) and separately (i.e., without using the joint information across them). This approach gives limited insights into WM pathology, increases the number of multiple comparisons, and yields inconsistent correlations with cognition. To take full advantage of the information in a DTI dataset, we present the first application of symmetric fusion to study healthy aging WM. This data-driven approach allows simultaneous examination of age differences in all four DTI parameters. We used multiset canonical correlation analysis with joint independent component analysis (mCCA + jICA) in cognitively healthy adults (age 20-33, n = 51 and age 60-79, n = 170). Four-way mCCA + jICA yielded one high-stability modality-shared component with co-variant patterns of age differences in RD and AD in the corpus callosum, internal capsule, and prefrontal WM. The mixing coefficients (or loading parameters) showed correlations with processing speed and fluid abilities that were not detected by unimodal analyses. In sum, mCCA + jICA allows data-driven identification of cognitively relevant multimodal components within the WM. The presented method should be further extended to clinical samples and other MR techniques (e.g., myelin water imaging) to test the potential of mCCA+jICA to discriminate between different WM disease etiologies and improve the diagnostic classification of WM diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Mendez Colmenares
- BRAiN Laboratory, Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Michelle B. Hefner
- BRAiN Laboratory, Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Vince D. Calhoun
- Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State, Georgia Tech, Emory, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Elizabeth A. Salerno
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Jason Fanning
- Department of Health and Exercise Sciences, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Neha P. Gothe
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Edward McAuley
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Arthur F. Kramer
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
- Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Agnieszka Z. Burzynska
- BRAiN Laboratory, Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- *Correspondence: Agnieszka Z. Burzynska,
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38
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Han S, Gim Y, Jang EH, Hur EM. Functions and dysfunctions of oligodendrocytes in neurodegenerative diseases. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:1083159. [PMID: 36605616 PMCID: PMC9807813 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.1083159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are characterized by the progressive loss of selectively vulnerable populations of neurons, which is responsible for the clinical symptoms. Although degeneration of neurons is a prominent feature that undoubtedly contributes to and defines NDD pathology, it is now clear that neuronal cell death is by no means mediated solely by cell-autonomous mechanisms. Oligodendrocytes (OLs), the myelinating cells of the central nervous system (CNS), enable rapid transmission of electrical signals and provide metabolic and trophic support to neurons. Recent evidence suggests that OLs and their progenitor population play a role in the onset and progression of NDDs. In this review, we discuss emerging evidence suggesting a role of OL lineage cells in the pathogenesis of age-related NDDs. We start with multiple system atrophy, an NDD with a well-known oligodendroglial pathology, and then discuss Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), NDDs which have been thought of as neuronal origins. Understanding the functions and dysfunctions of OLs might lead to the advent of disease-modifying strategies against NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungwan Han
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea,BK21 Four Future Veterinary Medicine Leading Education and Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yunho Gim
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea,BK21 Four Future Veterinary Medicine Leading Education and Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun-Hae Jang
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea,Comparative Medicine Disease Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun-Mi Hur
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea,BK21 Four Future Veterinary Medicine Leading Education and Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea,Comparative Medicine Disease Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea,Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea,*Correspondence: Eun-Mi Hur,
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Ma Y, Jang H, Jerban S, Chang EY, Chung CB, Bydder GM, Du J. Making the invisible visible-ultrashort echo time magnetic resonance imaging: Technical developments and applications. APPLIED PHYSICS REVIEWS 2022; 9:041303. [PMID: 36467869 PMCID: PMC9677812 DOI: 10.1063/5.0086459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) uses a large magnetic field and radio waves to generate images of tissues in the body. Conventional MRI techniques have been developed to image and quantify tissues and fluids with long transverse relaxation times (T2s), such as muscle, cartilage, liver, white matter, gray matter, spinal cord, and cerebrospinal fluid. However, the body also contains many tissues and tissue components such as the osteochondral junction, menisci, ligaments, tendons, bone, lung parenchyma, and myelin, which have short or ultrashort T2s. After radio frequency excitation, their transverse magnetizations typically decay to zero or near zero before the receiving mode is enabled for spatial encoding with conventional MR imaging. As a result, these tissues appear dark, and their MR properties are inaccessible. However, when ultrashort echo times (UTEs) are used, signals can be detected from these tissues before they decay to zero. This review summarizes recent technical developments in UTE MRI of tissues with short and ultrashort T2 relaxation times. A series of UTE MRI techniques for high-resolution morphological and quantitative imaging of these short-T2 tissues are discussed. Applications of UTE imaging in the musculoskeletal, nervous, respiratory, gastrointestinal, and cardiovascular systems of the body are included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Ma
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, California 92037, USA
| | - Hyungseok Jang
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, California 92037, USA
| | - Saeed Jerban
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, California 92037, USA
| | | | | | - Graeme M Bydder
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, California 92037, USA
| | - Jiang Du
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed:. Tel.: (858) 246-2248, Fax: (858) 246-2221
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40
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Wang N, Wang M, Jeevaratnam S, Rosenberg C, Ikezu TC, Shue F, Doss SV, Alnobani A, Martens YA, Wren M, Asmann YW, Zhang B, Bu G, Liu CC. Opposing effects of apoE2 and apoE4 on microglial activation and lipid metabolism in response to demyelination. Mol Neurodegener 2022; 17:75. [PMID: 36419137 PMCID: PMC9682675 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-022-00577-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal lipid accumulation has been recognized as a key element of immune dysregulation in microglia whose dysfunction contributes to neurodegenerative diseases. Microglia play essential roles in the clearance of lipid-rich cellular debris upon myelin damage or demyelination, a common pathogenic event in neuronal disorders. Apolipoprotein E (apoE) plays a pivotal role in brain lipid homeostasis; however, the apoE isoform-dependent mechanisms regulating microglial response upon demyelination remain unclear. METHODS To determine how apoE isoforms impact microglial response to myelin damage, 2-month-old apoE2-, apoE3-, and apoE4-targeted replacement (TR) mice were fed with normal diet (CTL) or 0.2% cuprizone (CPZ) diet for four weeks to induce demyelination in the brain. To examine the effects on subsequent remyelination, the cuprizone diet was switched back to regular chow for an additional two weeks. After treatment, brains were collected and subjected to immunohistochemical and biochemical analyses to assess the myelination status, microglial responses, and their capacity for myelin debris clearance. Bulk RNA sequencing was performed on the corpus callosum (CC) to address the molecular mechanisms underpinning apoE-mediated microglial activation upon demyelination. RESULTS We demonstrate dramatic isoform-dependent differences in the activation and function of microglia upon cuprizone-induced demyelination. ApoE2 microglia were hyperactive and more efficient in clearing lipid-rich myelin debris, whereas apoE4 microglia displayed a less activated phenotype with reduced clearance efficiency, compared with apoE3 microglia. Transcriptomic profiling revealed that key molecules known to modulate microglial functions had differential expression patterns in an apoE isoform-dependent manner. Importantly, apoE4 microglia had excessive buildup of lipid droplets, consistent with an impairment in lipid metabolism, whereas apoE2 microglia displayed a superior ability to metabolize myelin enriched lipids. Further, apoE2-TR mice had a greater extent of remyelination; whereas remyelination was compromised in apoE4-TR mice. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide critical mechanistic insights into how apoE isoforms differentially regulate microglial function and the maintenance of myelin dynamics, which may inform novel therapeutic avenues for targeting microglial dysfunctions in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Wang
- grid.417467.70000 0004 0443 9942Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA
| | - Minghui Wang
- grid.59734.3c0000 0001 0670 2351Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Suren Jeevaratnam
- grid.417467.70000 0004 0443 9942Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA
| | - Cassandra Rosenberg
- grid.417467.70000 0004 0443 9942Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA
| | - Tadafumi C. Ikezu
- grid.417467.70000 0004 0443 9942Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA
| | - Francis Shue
- grid.417467.70000 0004 0443 9942Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA
| | - Sydney V. Doss
- grid.417467.70000 0004 0443 9942Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA
| | - Alla Alnobani
- grid.417467.70000 0004 0443 9942Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA
| | - Yuka A. Martens
- grid.417467.70000 0004 0443 9942Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA
| | - Melissa Wren
- grid.417467.70000 0004 0443 9942Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA
| | - Yan W. Asmann
- grid.417467.70000 0004 0443 9942Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA
| | - Bin Zhang
- grid.59734.3c0000 0001 0670 2351Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Guojun Bu
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA.
| | - Chia-Chen Liu
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA.
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41
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Toledano-Díaz A, Álvarez MI, Toledano A. The relationships between neuroglial and neuronal changes in Alzheimer's disease, and the related controversies II: gliotherapies and multimodal therapy. J Cent Nerv Syst Dis 2022; 14:11795735221123896. [PMID: 36407561 PMCID: PMC9666878 DOI: 10.1177/11795735221123896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the original description of Alzheimer´s disease (AD), research into this condition has mainly focused on assessing the alterations to neurons associated with dementia, and those to the circuits in which they are involved. In most of the studies on human brains and in many models of AD, the glial cells accompanying these neurons undergo concomitant alterations that aggravate the course of neurodegeneration. As a result, these changes to neuroglial cells are now included in all the "pathogenic cascades" described in AD. Accordingly, astrogliosis and microgliosis, the main components of neuroinflammation, have been integrated into all the pathogenic theories of this disease, as discussed in this part of the two-part monograph that follows an accompanying article on gliopathogenesis and glioprotection. This initial reflection verified the implication of alterations to the neuroglia in AD, suggesting that these cells may also represent therapeutic targets to prevent neurodegeneration. In this second part of the monograph, we will analyze the possibilities of acting on glial cells to prevent or treat the neurodegeneration that is the hallmark of AD and other pathologies. Evidence of the potential of different pharmacological, non-pharmacological, cell and gene therapies (widely treated) to prevent or treat this disease is now forthcoming, in most cases as adjuncts to other therapies. A comprehensive AD multimodal therapy is proposed in which neuronal and neuroglial pharmacological treatments are jointly considered, as well as the use of new cell and gene therapies and non-pharmacological therapies that tend to slow down the progress of dementia.
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42
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Blanchard JW, Akay LA, Davila-Velderrain J, von Maydell D, Mathys H, Davidson SM, Effenberger A, Chen CY, Maner-Smith K, Hajjar I, Ortlund EA, Bula M, Agbas E, Ng A, Jiang X, Kahn M, Blanco-Duque C, Lavoie N, Liu L, Reyes R, Lin YT, Ko T, R'Bibo L, Ralvenius WT, Bennett DA, Cam HP, Kellis M, Tsai LH. APOE4 impairs myelination via cholesterol dysregulation in oligodendrocytes. Nature 2022; 611:769-779. [PMID: 36385529 PMCID: PMC9870060 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05439-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 74.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
APOE4 is the strongest genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease1-3. However, the effects of APOE4 on the human brain are not fully understood, limiting opportunities to develop targeted therapeutics for individuals carrying APOE4 and other risk factors for Alzheimer's disease4-8. Here, to gain more comprehensive insights into the impact of APOE4 on the human brain, we performed single-cell transcriptomics profiling of post-mortem human brains from APOE4 carriers compared with non-carriers. This revealed that APOE4 is associated with widespread gene expression changes across all cell types of the human brain. Consistent with the biological function of APOE2-6, APOE4 significantly altered signalling pathways associated with cholesterol homeostasis and transport. Confirming these findings with histological and lipidomic analysis of the post-mortem human brain, induced pluripotent stem-cell-derived cells and targeted-replacement mice, we show that cholesterol is aberrantly deposited in oligodendrocytes-myelinating cells that are responsible for insulating and promoting the electrical activity of neurons. We show that altered cholesterol localization in the APOE4 brain coincides with reduced myelination. Pharmacologically facilitating cholesterol transport increases axonal myelination and improves learning and memory in APOE4 mice. We provide a single-cell atlas describing the transcriptional effects of APOE4 on the aging human brain and establish a functional link between APOE4, cholesterol, myelination and memory, offering therapeutic opportunities for Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel W Blanchard
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Leyla Anne Akay
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jose Davila-Velderrain
- MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Human Technopole, Milan, Italy
| | - Djuna von Maydell
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Hansruedi Mathys
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Shawn M Davidson
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Audrey Effenberger
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Chih-Yu Chen
- Department of Medicine, Emory Integrated Metabolomics and Lipidomics Core, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kristal Maner-Smith
- Department of Medicine, Emory Integrated Metabolomics and Lipidomics Core, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ihab Hajjar
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Eric A Ortlund
- Department of Medicine, Emory Integrated Metabolomics and Lipidomics Core, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Michael Bula
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Emre Agbas
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ayesha Ng
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Xueqiao Jiang
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Martin Kahn
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Cristina Blanco-Duque
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Nicolas Lavoie
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Liwang Liu
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ricardo Reyes
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yuan-Ta Lin
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Tak Ko
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Lea R'Bibo
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - William T Ralvenius
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - David A Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hugh P Cam
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Manolis Kellis
- MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Li-Huei Tsai
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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43
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Hirschfeld LR, Risacher SL, Nho K, Saykin AJ. Myelin repair in Alzheimer's disease: a review of biological pathways and potential therapeutics. Transl Neurodegener 2022; 11:47. [PMID: 36284351 PMCID: PMC9598036 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-022-00321-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This literature review investigates the significant overlap between myelin-repair signaling pathways and pathways known to contribute to hallmark pathologies of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We discuss previously investigated therapeutic targets of amyloid, tau, and ApoE, as well as other potential therapeutic targets that have been empirically shown to contribute to both remyelination and progression of AD. Current evidence shows that there are multiple AD-relevant pathways which overlap significantly with remyelination and myelin repair through the encouragement of oligodendrocyte proliferation, maturation, and myelin production. There is a present need for a single, cohesive model of myelin homeostasis in AD. While determining a causative pathway is beyond the scope of this review, it may be possible to investigate the pathological overlap of myelin repair and AD through therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Rose Hirschfeld
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Shannon L Risacher
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Kwangsik Nho
- Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- School of Informatics and Computing, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Andrew J Saykin
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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Zhou J, Zhang P, Zhang B, Kong Y. White Matter Damage in Alzheimer's Disease: Contribution of Oligodendrocytes. Curr Alzheimer Res 2022; 19:CAR-EPUB-127137. [PMID: 36281858 PMCID: PMC9982194 DOI: 10.2174/1567205020666221021115321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disease, seriously influencing the quality of life and is a global health problem. Many factors affect the onset and development of AD, but specific mechanisms underlying the disease are unclear. Most studies investigating AD have focused on neurons and the gray matter in the central nervous system (CNS) but have not led to effective treatments. Recently, an increasing number of studies have focused on the white matter (WM). Magnetic resonance imaging and pathology studies have shown different degrees of WM abnormality during the progression of AD. Myelin sheaths, the main component of WM in the CNS, wrap and insulate axons to ensure conduction of the rapid action potential and axonal integrity. WM damage is characterized by progressive degeneration of axons, oligodendrocytes (OLs), and myelin in one or more areas of the CNS. The contributions of OLs to AD progression have, until recently, been largely overlooked. OLs are integral to myelin production, and the proliferation and differentiation of OLs, an early characteristic of AD, provide a promising target for preclinical diagnosis and treatment. However, despite some progress, the key mechanisms underlying the contributions of OLs to AD remain unclear. Given the heavy burden of medical treatment, a better understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying AD is vital. This review comprehensively summarize the results on WM abnormalities in AD and explores the relationship between OL progenitor cells and the pathogenesis of AD. Finally, the underlying molecular mechanisms and potential future research directions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyu Zhou
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing-400042, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing-400010, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing-401331, China
| | - Yuhan Kong
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing-400042, China
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Toledano-Díaz A, Álvarez MI, Toledano A. The relationships between neuroglial alterations and neuronal changes in Alzheimer's disease, and the related controversies I: Gliopathogenesis and glioprotection. J Cent Nerv Syst Dis 2022; 14:11795735221128703. [PMID: 36238130 PMCID: PMC9551335 DOI: 10.1177/11795735221128703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Since Alois Alzheimer described the pathology of Alzheimer's disease in 1907, an increasing number of studies have attempted to discover its causes and possible ways to treat it. For decades, research has focused on neuronal degeneration and the disruption to the neural circuits that occurs during disease progression, undervaluing in some extent the alterations to glial cells even though these alterations were described in the very first studies of this disease. In recent years, it has been recognized that different families of neuroglia are not merely support cells for neurons but rather key and active elements in the physiology and pathology of the nervous system. Alterations to different types of neuroglia (especially astroglia and microglia but also mature oligodendroglia and oligodendroglial progenitors) have been identified in the initial neuropathological changes that lead to dementia, suggesting that they may represent therapeutic targets to prevent neurodegeneration. In this review, based on our own studies and on the relevant scientific literature, we argue that a careful and in-depth study of glial cells will be fundamental to understanding the origin and progression of Alzheimer's disease. In addition, we analyze the main issues regarding the neuroprotective and neurotoxic role of neuroglial changes, reactions and/or involutions in both humans with Alzheimer's disease and in experimental models of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Adolfo Toledano
- Instituto
Cajal, CSIC, Madrid, Spain,Adolfo Toledano, CSIC, Avenida Dr Arce 37,
Madrid 28002, Spain.
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Role of Demyelination in the Persistence of Neurological and Mental Impairments after COVID-19. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911291. [PMID: 36232592 PMCID: PMC9569975 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term neurological and mental complications of COVID-19, the so-called post-COVID syndrome or long COVID, affect the quality of life. The most persistent manifestations of long COVID include fatigue, anosmia/hyposmia, insomnia, depression/anxiety, and memory/attention deficits. The physiological basis of neurological and psychiatric disorders is still poorly understood. This review summarizes the current knowledge of neurological sequelae in post-COVID patients and discusses brain demyelination as a possible mechanism of these complications with a focus on neuroimaging findings. Numerous reviews, experimental and theoretical studies consider brain demyelination as one of the mechanisms of the central neural system impairment. Several factors might cause demyelination, such as inflammation, direct effect of the virus on oligodendrocytes, and cerebrovascular disorders, inducing myelin damage. There is a contradiction between the solid fundamental basis underlying demyelination as the mechanism of the neurological injuries and relatively little published clinical evidence related to demyelination in COVID-19 patients. The reason for this probably lies in the fact that most clinical studies used conventional MRI techniques, which can detect only large, clearly visible demyelinating lesions. A very limited number of studies use specific methods for myelin quantification detected changes in the white matter tracts 3 and 10 months after the acute phase of COVID-19. Future research applying quantitative MRI assessment of myelin in combination with neurological and psychological studies will help in understanding the mechanisms of post-COVID complications associated with demyelination.
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47
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Rubinski A, Franzmeier N, Dewenter A, Luan Y, Smith R, Strandberg O, Ossenkoppele R, Dichgans M, Hansson O, Ewers M. Higher levels of myelin are associated with higher resistance against tau pathology in Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimers Res Ther 2022; 14:139. [PMID: 36153607 PMCID: PMC9508747 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-022-01074-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background In Alzheimer’s disease (AD), fibrillar tau initially occurs locally and progresses preferentially between closely connected regions. However, the underlying sources of regional vulnerability to tau pathology remain unclear. Previous brain-autopsy findings suggest that the myelin levels—which differ substantially between white matter tracts in the brain—are a key modulating factor of region-specific susceptibility to tau deposition. Here, we investigated whether myelination differences between fiber tracts of the human connectome are predictive of the interregional spreading of tau pathology in AD. Methods We included two independently recruited samples consisting of amyloid-PET-positive asymptomatic and symptomatic elderly individuals, in whom tau-PET was obtained at baseline (ADNI: n = 275; BioFINDER-1: n = 102) and longitudinally in a subset (ADNI: n = 123, mean FU = 1.53 [0.69–3.95] years; BioFINDER-1: n = 39, mean FU = 1.87 [1.21–2.78] years). We constructed MRI templates of the myelin water fraction (MWF) in 200 gray matter ROIs and connecting fiber tracts obtained from adult cognitively normal participants. Using the same 200 ROI brain-parcellation atlas, we obtained tau-PET ROI values from each individual in ADNI and BioFINDER-1. In a spatial regression analysis, we first tested the association between cortical myelin and group-average tau-PET signal in the amyloid-positive and control groups. Secondly, employing a previously established approach of modeling tau-PET spreading based on functional connectivity between ROIs, we estimated in a linear regression analysis, whether the level of fiber-tract myelin modulates the association between functional connectivity and longitudinal tau-PET spreading (i.e., covariance) between ROIs. Results We found that higher myelinated cortical regions show lower tau-PET uptake (ADNI: rho = − 0.267, p < 0.001; BioFINDER-1: rho = − 0.175, p = 0.013). Fiber-tract myelin levels modulated the association between functional connectivity and tau-PET spreading, such that at higher levels of fiber-tract myelin, the association between stronger connectivity and higher covariance of tau-PET between the connected ROIs was attenuated (interaction fiber-tract myelin × functional connectivity: ADNI: β = − 0.185, p < 0.001; BioFINDER-1: β = − 0.166, p < 0.001). Conclusion Higher levels of myelin are associated with lower susceptibility of the connected regions to accumulate fibrillar tau. These results enhance our understanding of brain substrates that explain regional variation in tau accumulation and encourage future studies to investigate potential underlying mechanisms. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13195-022-01074-9.
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Valenza M, Facchinetti R, Steardo L, Scuderi C. Palmitoylethanolamide and White Matter Lesions: Evidence for Therapeutic Implications. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12091191. [PMID: 36139030 PMCID: PMC9496237 DOI: 10.3390/biom12091191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA), the naturally occurring amide of ethanolamine and palmitic acid, is an endogenous lipid compound endowed with a plethora of pharmacological functions, including analgesic, neuroprotective, immune-modulating, and anti-inflammatory effects. Although the properties of PEA were first characterized nearly 65 years ago, the identity of the receptor mediating these actions has long remained elusive, causing a period of research stasis. In the last two decades, a renewal of interest in PEA occurred, and a series of interesting studies have demonstrated the pharmacological properties of PEA and clarified its mechanisms of action. Recent findings showed the ability of formulations containing PEA in promoting oligodendrocyte differentiation, which represents the first step for the proper formation of myelin. This evidence opens new and promising research opportunities. White matter defects have been detected in a vast and heterogeneous group of diseases, including age-related neurodegenerative disorders. Here, we summarize the history and pharmacology of PEA and discuss its therapeutic potential in restoring white matter defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Valenza
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, SAPIENZA University of Rome—P.le A. Moro, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Facchinetti
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, SAPIENZA University of Rome—P.le A. Moro, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Steardo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, SAPIENZA University of Rome—P.le A. Moro, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Università Giustino Fortunato, 82100 Benevento, Italy
- Correspondence: (L.S.); (C.S.)
| | - Caterina Scuderi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, SAPIENZA University of Rome—P.le A. Moro, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (L.S.); (C.S.)
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Fernandez-Alvarez M, Atienza M, Zallo F, Matute C, Capetillo-Zarate E, Cantero JL. Linking Plasma Amyloid Beta and Neurofilament Light Chain to Intracortical Myelin Content in Cognitively Normal Older Adults. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:896848. [PMID: 35783126 PMCID: PMC9247578 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.896848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests that lightly myelinated cortical regions are vulnerable to aging and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, it remains unknown whether plasma markers of amyloid and neurodegeneration are related to deficits in intracortical myelin content, and whether this relationship, in turn, is associated with altered patterns of resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC). To shed light into these questions, plasma levels of amyloid-β fragment 1–42 (Aβ1–42) and neurofilament light chain (NfL) were measured using ultra-sensitive single-molecule array (Simoa) assays, and the intracortical myelin content was estimated with the ratio T1-weigthed/T2-weighted (T1w/T2w) in 133 cognitively normal older adults. We assessed: (i) whether plasma Aβ1–42 and/or NfL levels were associated with intracortical myelin content at different cortical depths and (ii) whether cortical regions showing myelin reductions also exhibited altered rs-FC patterns. Surface-based multiple regression analyses revealed that lower plasma Aβ1–42 and higher plasma NfL were associated with lower myelin content in temporo-parietal-occipital regions and the insular cortex, respectively. Whereas the association with Aβ1–42 decreased with depth, the NfL-myelin relationship was most evident in the innermost layer. Older individuals with higher plasma NfL levels also exhibited altered rs-FC between the insula and medial orbitofrontal cortex. Together, these findings establish a link between plasma markers of amyloid/neurodegeneration and intracortical myelin content in cognitively normal older adults, and support the role of plasma NfL in boosting aberrant FC patterns of the insular cortex, a central brain hub highly vulnerable to aging and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Fernandez-Alvarez
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Atienza
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Fatima Zallo
- Departamento de Neurociencias, Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Universidad del País Vasco, Leioa, Spain
| | - Carlos Matute
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Neurociencias, Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Universidad del País Vasco, Leioa, Spain
| | - Estibaliz Capetillo-Zarate
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Neurociencias, Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Universidad del País Vasco, Leioa, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Jose L. Cantero
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Jose L. Cantero,
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50
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Nelson RS, Dammer EB, Santiago JV, Seyfried NT, Rangaraju S. Brain Cell Type-Specific Nuclear Proteomics Is Imperative to Resolve Neurodegenerative Disease Mechanisms. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:902146. [PMID: 35784845 PMCID: PMC9243337 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.902146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) involve complex cellular mechanisms that are incompletely understood. Emerging findings have revealed that disruption of nuclear processes play key roles in ND pathogenesis. The nucleus is a nexus for gene regulation and cellular processes that together, may underlie pathomechanisms of NDs. Furthermore, many genetic risk factors for NDs encode proteins that are either present in the nucleus or are involved in nuclear processes (for example, RNA binding proteins, epigenetic regulators, or nuclear-cytoplasmic transport proteins). While recent advances in nuclear transcriptomics have been significant, studies of the nuclear proteome in brain have been relatively limited. We propose that a comprehensive analysis of nuclear proteomic alterations of various brain cell types in NDs may provide novel biological and therapeutic insights. This may be feasible because emerging technical advances allow isolation and investigation of intact nuclei from post-mortem frozen human brain tissue with cell type-specific and single-cell resolution. Accordingly, nuclei of various brain cell types harbor unique protein markers which can be used to isolate cell-type specific nuclei followed by down-stream proteomics by mass spectrometry. Here we review the literature providing a rationale for investigating proteomic changes occurring in nuclei in NDs and then highlight the potential for brain cell type-specific nuclear proteomics to enhance our understanding of distinct cellular mechanisms that drive ND pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth S. Nelson
- Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Eric B. Dammer
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | | | | | - Srikant Rangaraju
- Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States,*Correspondence: Srikant Rangaraju
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