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Watling CZ, Wojt A, Florio AA, Butera G, Albanes D, Weinstein SJ, Huang WY, Parisi D, Zhang X, Graubard BI, Petrick JL, McGlynn KA. Fiber and whole grain intakes in relation to liver cancer risk: An analysis in 2 prospective cohorts and systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. Hepatology 2024:01515467-990000000-00778. [PMID: 38441973 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The association between fiber or whole grain intakes and the risk of liver cancer remains unclear. We assessed the associations between fiber or whole grain intakes and liver cancer risk among 2 prospective studies, and systematically reviewed and meta-analyzed these results with published prospective studies. APPROACH AND RESULTS A total of 111,396 participants from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial (PLCO) and 26,085 men from the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study were included. Intakes of total fiber and whole grains were estimated from validated food frequency questionnaires. Study-specific HRs and 95% CI with liver cancer risk were estimated using multivariable-adjusted Cox regression. We systematically reviewed existing literature, and studies were combined in a dose-response meta-analysis. A total of 277 (median follow-up = 15.6 y) and 165 (median follow-up = 16.0 y) cases of liver cancer were observed in Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial and Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study, respectively. Dietary fiber was inversely associated with liver cancer risk in Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial (HR 10g/day : 0.69; 95% CI: 0.55-0.86). No significant associations were observed between whole grain intakes and liver cancer risk in either study. Our meta-analysis included 2383 incident liver cancer cases (7 prospective cohorts) for fiber intake and 1523 cases (5 prospective cohorts) for whole grain intake; combined HRs for liver cancer risk were 0.83 (0.76-0.91) per 10 g/day of fiber and 0.92 (0.85-0.99) per 16 g/day (1 serving) of whole grains. CONCLUSIONS Dietary fiber and whole grains were inversely associated with liver cancer risk. Further research exploring potential mechanisms and different fiber types is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody Z Watling
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Aika Wojt
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Andrea A Florio
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gisela Butera
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Demetrius Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Stephanie J Weinstein
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Wen-Yi Huang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Dominick Parisi
- Information Management Services Inc., Calverton, Maryland, USA
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Barry I Graubard
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jessica L Petrick
- Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Katherine A McGlynn
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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2
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Tuo JY, Li ZY, Shen QM, Tan YT, Li HL, Xiang YB. A diet-wide association study for liver cancer risk: findings from a prospective cohort study in Chinese men. Eur J Epidemiol 2024; 39:171-178. [PMID: 38195953 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-023-01071-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Dietary factors have been extensively investigated as possible risk factors for liver cancer, but the evidence is inconclusive. Our study systematically assessed the association between 142 foods and nutrients and liver cancer risk in a Chinese population using a diet-wide association study. Based on data from 59,844 men in the Shanghai Men's Health Study (SMHS), we assessed the diet intake by dietary questionnaires. Cox regression was used to quantify the association between each food and nutrient and liver cancer risk. A false discovery rate (FDR) of 0.05 was used to select the foods and nutrients for validation. In the cohort, 431 liver cancer cases were identified during 712,373 person-years of follow-up. Retinol (HR per 1 SD increment = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.03-1.14) was associated with a higher risk of liver cancer, whereas onions (HR per 1 SD increment = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.54-0.84) and manganese (HR per 1 SD increment = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.78-0.94) were inversely associated with liver cancer risk. In the replication analysis, estimates for these foods and nutrients were similar in magnitude and direction. Our findings confirm that retinol, onions and manganese were associated with liver cancer risk, which provides reliable evidence between diet and liver cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yi Tuo
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 25, Lane 2200, Xie Tu Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Zhuo-Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 25, Lane 2200, Xie Tu Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Qiu-Ming Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 25, Lane 2200, Xie Tu Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Ting Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 25, Lane 2200, Xie Tu Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Lan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 25, Lane 2200, Xie Tu Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Bing Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 25, Lane 2200, Xie Tu Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China.
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3
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Rodrigues SG, van der Merwe S, Krag A, Wiest R. Gut-liver axis: Pathophysiological concepts and medical perspective in chronic liver diseases. Semin Immunol 2024; 71:101859. [PMID: 38219459 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2023.101859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Susana G Rodrigues
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Schalk van der Merwe
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University hospital Gasthuisberg, University of Leuven, Belgium
| | - Aleksander Krag
- Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Centre for Liver Research, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Reiner Wiest
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland.
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Tan Z, Li X, Chen X, Wang L, Chen B, Ren S, Zhao M. Ellagic acid inhibits tumor growth and potentiates the therapeutic efficacy of sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23931. [PMID: 38205284 PMCID: PMC10777069 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Sorafenib is a classic molecular targeted drug approved for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) therapy. However, a poor response rate and increasing resistance to sorafenib make its therapeutic efficacy suboptimal. Combination treatment with an agent capable of potentiating sorafenib sensitivity may be a promising solution. Aim The aim of this study was to determine the synergistic effect of ellagic acid (EA), a natural polyphenol, and sorafenib on HCC. Methods CCK-8, EdU incorporation and colony formation assays were used to study the effect of EA on HCC cell proliferation. Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry in HCC cells and TUNEL assay in xenograft tumors. Transcriptome analysis was utilized to investigate alterations in signaling pathways with EA treatment. A xenograft mouse model was used to confirm the synergistic effect of sorafenib and EA on HCC tumors in vivo. Results We found that EA inhibited growth and induced apoptosis in both HCC cells and xenograft tumors. Mechanistically, EA treatment reduced the activation of the MAPK and Akt/mTOR signaling pathways in HCC cells. Furthermore, combined EA and sorafenib treatment further inhibited the MAPK and Akt/mTOR signaling pathways compared to EA or sorafenib alone. EA synergistically potentiated the anticancer activity of sorafenib against HCC both in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion EA inhibits HCC growth by inducing apoptosis through attenuation of the MAPK and Akt/mTOR signaling pathways. EA potentiates the response of HCC tumors to sorafenib both in vitro and in vivo, an effect that may be attributed to further inhibition of the MAPK and Akt/mTOR signaling pathways. These results suggest that EA is an effective adjuvant option for sorafenib therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenju Tan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, PR China
| | - Xuemei Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Medical College and the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, PR China
| | - Xia Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Medical College and the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, PR China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Medical College and the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, PR China
| | - Baijun Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Medical College and the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, PR China
| | - Sichong Ren
- Department of Nephrology, Clinical Medical College and the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, PR China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Medical College and the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, PR China
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Zhang S, Liu SX, Wu QJ, Wang ZH, Liu H, Dong C, Kuai TT, You LL, Xiao J. Association of dietary fiber with subjective sleep quality in hemodialysis patients: a cross-sectional study in China. Ann Med 2023; 55:558-571. [PMID: 36752281 PMCID: PMC9930787 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2176541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poor sleep quality is a common problem among hemodialysis (HD) patients. Dietary fiber is a key component of a healthy diet and is beneficial for a variety of health outcomes; however, evidence of an association between dietary fiber consumption and subjective sleep quality has not been established among HD patients. Therefore, we determined the association between dietary fiber consumption and the subjective sleep quality in Chinese maintenance HD patients, taking into account fiber type and source. METHODS Dietary intake was assessed with a validated food frequency questionnaire in a cross-sectional study including 741 maintenance HD patients between December 2021 and January 2022. The daily intake of dietary fiber was categorized into three groups. The lowest tertile was used as the reference category. Sleep quality of patients was accurately calculated using the Pittsburgh sleep quality index standard questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regression model and restricted cubic spline analysis were performed to assess the relationship between dietary fiber consumption and poor sleep quality. RESULTS Compared with the lowest tertile group of dietary fiber intake, the highest tertile group had a lower prevalence of poor sleep quality. After adjustment for potential confounders, a higher intake of total dietary fiber (ORtertile 3 (T3) to tertile 1 (T1)= 0.51, 95% CI: 0.31-0.85), total insoluble dietary fiber (ORT3 to T1 =0.54, 95% CI: 0.33-0.89), and soluble dietary fiber in vegetables (ORT3 to T1 =0.61, 95% CI: 0.40-0.93) were associated with a lower prevalence of poor sleep quality. Furthermore, significant linear trends were also observed (p < 0.05). No significant interactions were observed in subgroup analyses. CONCLUSION A higher intake of dietary fiber was inversely associated with the poor sleep quality. These findings support the current recommendations that dietary fiber is essential for health and well-being.Key messagesThis study was conducted because there was not prior evidence connecting sleep quality and dietary fiber consumption in hemodialysis patients.In the present study a cross-sectional design was used to assess the association between dietary fiber consumption and poor sleep quality.Intake of total dietary fiber, total insoluble dietary fiber, and soluble dietary fiber in vegetables were negatively associated with poor sleep quality among maintenance hemodialysis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, China.,Dalian Key Laboratory of Intelligent Blood Purification, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, China
| | - Shu-Xin Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, China.,Dalian Key Laboratory of Intelligent Blood Purification, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, China
| | - Qi-Jun Wu
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhi-Hong Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, China.,Dalian Key Laboratory of Intelligent Blood Purification, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, China.,Dalian Key Laboratory of Intelligent Blood Purification, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, China
| | - Cui Dong
- Department of Nephrology, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, China.,Dalian Key Laboratory of Intelligent Blood Purification, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, China
| | - Ting-Ting Kuai
- Department of Nephrology, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, China.,Dalian Key Laboratory of Intelligent Blood Purification, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, China
| | - Lian-Lian You
- Department of Nephrology, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, China.,Dalian Key Laboratory of Intelligent Blood Purification, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, China
| | - Jia Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, China.,Dalian Key Laboratory of Intelligent Blood Purification, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, China
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Wu M, Wang F, Ge Y, Ma S, Li Y. Bi-level structured functional analysis for genome-wide association studies. Biometrics 2023; 79:3359-3373. [PMID: 37098961 DOI: 10.1111/biom.13871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have led to great successes in identifying genotype-phenotype associations for complex human diseases. In such studies, the high dimensionality of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) often makes analysis difficult. Functional analysis, which interprets SNPs densely distributed in a chromosomal region as a continuous process rather than discrete observations, has emerged as a promising avenue for overcoming the high dimensionality challenges. However, the majority of the existing functional studies continue to be individual SNP based and are unable to sufficiently account for the intricate underpinning structures of SNP data. SNPs are often found in groups (e.g., genes or pathways) and have a natural group structure. Additionally, these SNP groups can be highly correlated with coordinated biological functions and interact in a network. Motivated by these unique characteristics of SNP data, we develop a novel bi-level structured functional analysis method and investigate disease-associated genetic variants at the SNP level and SNP group level simultaneously. The penalization technique is adopted for bi-level selection and also to accommodate the group-level network structure. Both the estimation and selection consistency properties are rigorously established. The superiority of the proposed method over alternatives is shown through extensive simulation studies. A type 2 diabetes SNP data application yields some biologically intriguing results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyun Wu
- School of Statistics and Management, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Center for Applied Statistics, School of Statistics, and Statistical Consulting Center, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Yeheng Ge
- School of Statistics and Management, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuangge Ma
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Yang Li
- Center for Applied Statistics, School of Statistics, and Statistical Consulting Center, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
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7
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Song X, Feng X, Chen S, Dai Y, Huang H, Li X, Yu P, Li J, Yi J, Zhao Y, Chen W, Ni Y, Zhu S, Zhang Z, Xia L, Zhang J, Yang S, Ni J, Lu H, Wang Z, Nie S, Wu Y, Liu L. Potential impact of time trend of whole grain intake on burden of major cancers in China. Prev Med 2023; 175:107674. [PMID: 37604289 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2023.107674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies have revealed associations between high intake of whole grains and reduced risk of various cancers. Yet, in recent decades, the traditional Chinese diets have been challenged by reduction in whole grains and increase in refined grains. To assess the impact of this dietary transition on cancer prevention, we analyzed the time trend of whole grain intake using nationally representative sampling data of over 15 thousand individuals from the China Health and Nutrition Survey. We applied the comparative risk assessment method to estimate the population attributable fraction of cancers due to insufficient whole grain intake from 1997 to 2011 and projected the trend of whole grain intake and the associated burden of cancers to 2035. We found a significant decrease of approximately 59% of whole grain intake in the Chinese population from 1997 to 2011. Compared with 1997, insufficient intake of whole grains was responsible for 9940 more cases of breast cancer, 12,903 more cases of colorectal cancer and 434 more cases of pancreatic cancer in 2011. Our projections suggest that if every Chinese would consume 125 g whole grain per day as recommended by the latest Chinese Dietary Guidelines, 0.63% bladder cancer, 8.98% breast cancer, 15.85% colorectal cancer, 3.86% esophageal cancer, 2.52% liver cancer and 2.22% pancreatic cancer (totaling 186,659 incident cases) could theoretically be averted by 2035. Even if everyone maintained the 2011 whole grain intake level, an estimated 8.38% of cancer events could still be prevented by 2035.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Song
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Xiaoru Feng
- Institute for Hospital Management, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Shuyi Chen
- Institute for Hospital Management, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Yue Dai
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Haoxuan Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Xingdi Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Pei Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Jing Yi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Yingying Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Weiyi Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Yuxin Ni
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Sijia Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Zhihao Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Lu Xia
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Jia Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Shuaishuai Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Jingjing Ni
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Haojie Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Shaofa Nie
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - You Wu
- Institute for Hospital Management, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China.
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China.
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8
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Zhao L, Zhang X, Coday M, Garcia DO, Li X, Mossavar-Rahmani Y, Naughton MJ, Lopez-Pentecost M, Saquib N, Shadyab AH, Simon MS, Snetselaar LG, Tabung FK, Tobias DK, VoPham T, McGlynn KA, Sesso HD, Giovannucci E, Manson JE, Hu FB, Tinker LF, Zhang X. Sugar-Sweetened and Artificially Sweetened Beverages and Risk of Liver Cancer and Chronic Liver Disease Mortality. JAMA 2023; 330:537-546. [PMID: 37552302 PMCID: PMC10410478 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2023.12618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Importance Approximately 65% of adults in the US consume sugar-sweetened beverages daily. Objective To study the associations between intake of sugar-sweetened beverages, artificially sweetened beverages, and incidence of liver cancer and chronic liver disease mortality. Design, Setting, and Participants A prospective cohort with 98 786 postmenopausal women aged 50 to 79 years enrolled in the Women's Health Initiative from 1993 to 1998 at 40 clinical centers in the US and were followed up to March 1, 2020. Exposures Sugar-sweetened beverage intake was assessed based on a food frequency questionnaire administered at baseline and defined as the sum of regular soft drinks and fruit drinks (not including fruit juice); artificially sweetened beverage intake was measured at 3-year follow-up. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcomes were (1) liver cancer incidence, and (2) mortality due to chronic liver disease, defined as death from nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, alcoholic liver diseases, and chronic hepatitis. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate multivariable hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for liver cancer incidence and for chronic liver disease mortality, adjusting for potential confounders including demographics and lifestyle factors. Results During a median follow-up of 20.9 years, 207 women developed liver cancer and 148 died from chronic liver disease. At baseline, 6.8% of women consumed 1 or more sugar-sweetened beverage servings per day, and 13.1% consumed 1 or more artificially sweetened beverage servings per day at 3-year follow-up. Compared with intake of 3 or fewer servings of sugar-sweetened beverages per month, those who consumed 1 or more servings per day had a significantly higher risk of liver cancer (18.0 vs 10.3 per 100 000 person-years [P value for trend = .02]; adjusted HR, 1.85 [95% CI, 1.16-2.96]; P = .01) and chronic liver disease mortality (17.7 vs 7.1 per 100 000 person-years [P value for trend <.001]; adjusted HR, 1.68 [95% CI, 1.03-2.75]; P = .04). Compared with intake of 3 or fewer artificially sweetened beverages per month, individuals who consumed 1 or more artificially sweetened beverages per day did not have significantly increased incidence of liver cancer (11.8 vs 10.2 per 100 000 person-years [P value for trend = .70]; adjusted HR, 1.17 [95% CI, 0.70-1.94]; P = .55) or chronic liver disease mortality (7.1 vs 5.3 per 100 000 person-years [P value for trend = .32]; adjusted HR, 0.95 [95% CI, 0.49-1.84]; P = .88). Conclusions and Relevance In postmenopausal women, compared with consuming 3 or fewer servings of sugar-sweetened beverages per month, those who consumed 1 or more sugar-sweetened beverages per day had a higher incidence of liver cancer and death from chronic liver disease. Future studies should confirm these findings and identify the biological pathways of these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longgang Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Xinyuan Zhang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mace Coday
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis
| | - David O. Garcia
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson
| | - Xinyi Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yasmin Mossavar-Rahmani
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Michelle J. Naughton
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus
| | | | - Nazmus Saquib
- College of Medicine, Sulaiman Alrajhi University, Bukariyah, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aladdin H. Shadyab
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Michael S. Simon
- Population Studies and Prevention Program, Karmanos Cancer Institute at Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Linda G. Snetselaar
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City
| | - Fred K. Tabung
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Comprehensive Cancer Center-James Cancer Hospital, Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus
- Division of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Deirdre K. Tobias
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Trang VoPham
- Epidemiology Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Katherine A. McGlynn
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Howard D. Sesso
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Edward Giovannucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - JoAnn E. Manson
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Frank B. Hu
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lesley F. Tinker
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
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9
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Liu K, Chen W, Zhou Y, Xu L, Sun X, Mao Y, Ye D. Associations between food groups and liver cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Nutr J 2023; 22:30. [PMID: 37349735 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-023-00858-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Diet is emerging as a modifiable component of lifestyle for influencing the incidence of liver cancer. OBJECTIVE To investigate and quantify the potential relationship between food groups and liver cancer. DATA SOURCES PubMed and Web of Science were searched for eligible observational studies until 31st March, 2023. DATA EXTRACTION The meta-analysis was conducted by pooling relative risk (RR), odds ratio (OR) or hazards ratio (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Potential sources of heterogeneity were detected by subgroup analysis. Sensitivity analysis and publication bias test were also carried out. DATA ANALYSIS Through stepwise screening, a total of 27 studies were included. The pooled estimates of liver cancer for whole grains and legumes intake were 0.66 (95% CI: 0.54-0.82; I2 = 25.3%) and 0.86 (95% CI: 0.75-0.99; I2 = 14.3%), respectively. However, there were null associations of nuts, poultry, egg and sweetened beverages consumption with liver cancer and the association between refined grains and liver cancer was inconclusive. In dose-response meta-analysis, the pooled estimates of liver cancer were 0.77 (95% CI: 0.65-0.91) for every 50 g/day increment in whole grains intake. Non-linear dose-response relationship (P = 0.031) was observed in the association between the intake of legumes and liver cancer, and the protective effect occurred with the dose ranging from 8 g/day to 40 g/day. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis shows that whole grains and legumes were inversely associated with liver cancer, whereas intake of nuts, poultry, egg and sweetened beverages may not be associated with liver cancer. Further quantitative research needs to be undertaken within a range of populations to investigate the relationship between food groups and liver cancer. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO registration no. CRD42021246142.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weiwei Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liuhong Xu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaohui Sun
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yingying Mao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ding Ye
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China.
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10
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Yang Y, Zhou Y, Lyu Y, Shao B, Xu Y. High-throughput multitarget quantitative assay to profile the whole grain-specific phytochemicals alkylresorcinols, benzoxazinoids and avenanthramides in whole grain and grain-based foods. Food Chem 2023; 426:136663. [PMID: 37352717 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
Currently, there is a growing interest in using whole grain (WG)-specific phytochemicals to perform WG research, including research on dietary assessment, health mechanisms, and quality control. However, the current approaches used for WG-specific phytochemical analysis cannot simultaneously achieve coverage, specificity, and sensitivity. In the present study, a series of WG-specific phytochemicals (alkylresorcinols (ARs), benzoxazinoids (BXs) and avenanthramides (AVAs)) were identified, and their mass spectrometry (MS) fragmentation mechanism was studied by TOF MS. Based on diagnostic fragmentation ions and retention time prediction models, a LC-MS/MS method was developed. Through this method, 56 ARs, 13 BXs, and 19 AVAs in WGs and grain-based foods were quantified for the first time. This method was validated and yielded excellent specificity, high sensitivity and negligible matrix effects. Finally, we established WG-specific phytochemical fingerprints in a variety of WG and grain-based foods. This method can be used for WG quality control and WG precision nutrition research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjia Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Peking University, NO. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 100013, China
| | - Yalin Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Peking University, NO. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ying Lyu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Peking University, NO. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Bing Shao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 100013, China
| | - Yajun Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Peking University, NO. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China; PKUHSC-China Feihe Joint Research Institute of Nutrition and Healthy Lifespan Development, NO. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China.
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11
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Hu X, Liu T, Li L, Gan H, Wang T, Pang P, Mao J. Fibulin-2 Facilitates Malignant Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. THE TURKISH JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF TURKISH SOCIETY OF GASTROENTEROLOGY 2023; 34:635-644. [PMID: 37162505 PMCID: PMC10441129 DOI: 10.5152/tjg.2023.22134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identification of biomarkers to assist in the clinical management of hepatocellular carcinoma represents an urgent requirement. Fibulin-2 is known to contribute to the development and progression of various cancer types. This research investigated the role of fibulin-2 in hepatocellular carcinoma and explored the possible mechanisms. METHODS The expression of fibulin-2 in hepatocellular carcinoma was measured by bioinformatic analysis and confirmed by western blot and immunohistochemical staining in cell lines or patients' samples. The clinicopathologic features of hepatocellular carcinoma patients was analyzed. Cell viability assays were used to explore the role of fibulin-2 on proliferation in hepatocellular carcinoma. Western blot was conducted to uncover changes of protein expression of Ras-MEK-ERK1/2 pathway when Fibulin-2 was overexpressed or silenced. Flow cytometry analyses were used to determine the roles of fibulin-2 in the function of apoptosis and cell cycle. Subcutaneous xenograft mouse models showed the tumor growth pattern after fibulin-2 silence in vivo. RESULTS We reported the upregulation of fibulin-2 in most hepatocellular carcinoma tissues and cells lines. Fibulin-2 promoted the proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma cells in vitro by regulating Ras-MEK-ERK1/2 signaling pathway, whereas knockdown of fibulin-2 incurred the opposite effect on proliferation. Consistently, knockdown of fibulin-2 resulted in increased apoptosis and induced growth arrest during the G0/G1 phase transition. In vivo xenograft assessment confirmed that knockdown of fibulin-2 inhibited hepatocellular carcinoma tumor growth. CONCLUSIONS Fibulin-2 exhibited tumor promotor activities in malignant progression of hepatocellular carcinoma. The results of the study highlighted the potential of fibulin-2 to be utilized as a promising biomarker and therapeutic target for hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyan Hu
- Department of Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
- Institute of Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Tianze Liu
- The Cancer Center, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Luting Li
- Department of Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
- Institute of Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Hairun Gan
- Department of Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
- Institute of Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Tiancheng Wang
- Department of Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
- Institute of Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Pengfei Pang
- Department of Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
- Institute of Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Junjie Mao
- Department of Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
- Institute of Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
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12
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Liu T, Xu C, Driban JB, Liang GY, Zhang XH, Hu FB, McAlindon T, Lu B. Whole grain consumption and risk of radiographic knee osteoarthritis: a prospective study from the Osteoarthritis Initiative. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2023; 62:1834-1840. [PMID: 36130461 PMCID: PMC10152291 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keac517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the association of whole grain consumption with the risk of incident knee OA. MATERIAL AND METHODS We followed 2846 participants in the Osteoarthritis Initiative ages 45-79 years. Participants were free from radiographic knee OA (Kellgren-Lawrence grade <2) in at least one knee at baseline. Dietary data from baseline were obtained using the Block Brief Food Frequency Questionnaire. We defined radiographic knee OA incidence as a Kellgren-Lawrence grade ≥2 during the subsequent 96 months. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the association between whole grain food intake and the risk of incident knee OA. RESULTS During the 96 month follow-up, 518 participants (691 knees) developed incident radiographic knee OA. Higher total whole grain consumption was significantly associated with a lower knee OA risk [hazard ratio (HR)quartile 4vs1 = 0.66 (95% CI 0.52, 0.84), P for trend < 0.01] after adjusting for demographic and socio-economic factors, clinical factors and other dietary factors related to OA. Consistently, a significant inverse association of dark bread consumption with knee OA risk was observed [HRquartile 4vs1 = 0.68 (95% CI 0.53, 0.87), P for trend < 0.01). In addition, we observed a significant inverse association between higher cereal fibre intake and reduced knee OA risk [HRquartile 4vs1 = 0.61 (95% CI 0.46, 0.81), P for trend < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Our findings revealed a significant inverse association of whole grain consumption with knee OA risk. These findings provide evidence that eating a diet rich in whole grains may be a potential nutritional strategy to prevent knee OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Liu
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Chang Xu
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Jeffery B Driban
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ge-yu Liang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xue-hong Zhang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Frank B Hu
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Departments of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Timothy McAlindon
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bing Lu
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Family Medicine, the Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
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13
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Kim J, Khil J, Kim H, Keum N, Zhang X, Giovannucci E. Plant-based dietary patterns and the risk of digestive system cancers in 3 large prospective cohort studies. Eur J Epidemiol 2023:10.1007/s10654-023-01007-2. [PMID: 37101016 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-023-01007-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the relation between plant-based dietary patterns and digestive system cancers. This study investigated the prospective association between 3 pre-defined indices of plant-based dietary pattern and risk of digestive system cancers, as a whole or individually. We utilized data from 3 prospective cohorts, the Nurses' Health Study (1984-2018, 74,496 women aged 65 ± 10.9 years), Nurses' Health Study II (1991-2017, 91,705 women aged 49.3 ± 8.3 years), and Health Professionals Follow up Study (1986-2016, 45,472 men aged 65.4 ± 11.0 years). We used Cox proportional hazards regression models to estimate multivariable hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of digestive system cancers across 3 plant-based diet index scores: overall plant-based diet index (PDI), healthful plant-based diet index (hPDI), and unhealthful plant-based diet index (uPDI). During a follow-up of 4,914,985 person-years, we identified 6,518 cases of digestive system cancers. In the pooled analysis of 3 cohorts, the HRs (95% CIs) per 10-point increase in hPDI score were 0.93 (0.89, 0.97) for total digestive system cancer, 0.94 (0.89, 0.99) for gastrointestinal tract cancer, 0.89 (0.81, 0.98) for accessory organ cancer, and 0.68 (0.52, 0.91) for liver cancer. In contrast, the HRs (95% CIs) per 10-point increase in uPDI score was 1.06 (1.01, 1.11) for gastrointestinal tract cancer and 1.07 (1.01, 1.13) for colorectal cancer. A healthy plant-based dietary pattern was associated with reduced risks of total digestive system cancers as well as individual cancers in the gastrointestinal tract and the accessory organs. Emphasizing the healthiness and quality of plant-based diets may be important for the prevention of developing cancers in the digestive system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihye Kim
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-Gu, Yongin, Gyeonggi-Do, 17104, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Jaewon Khil
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanseul Kim
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - NaNa Keum
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Edward Giovannucci
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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14
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Cernea S, Onișor D. Screening and interventions to prevent nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis-associated hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:286-309. [PMID: 36687124 PMCID: PMC9846941 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i2.286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is the sixth most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide, with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) comprising most cases. Besides hepatitis B and C viral infections, heavy alcohol use, and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)-associated advanced fibrosis/cirrhosis, several other risk factors for HCC have been identified (i.e. old age, obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes). These might in fact partially explain the occurrence of HCC in non-cirrhotic patients without viral infection. HCC surveillance through effective screening programs is still an unmet need for many nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients, and identification of pre-cirrhotic individuals who progress to HCC represents a substantial challenge in clinical practice at the moment. Patients with NASH-cirrhosis should undergo systematic HCC surveillance, while this might be considered in patients with advanced fibrosis based on individual risk assessment. In this context, interventions that potentially prevent NAFLD/ NASH-associated HCC are needed. This paper provided an overview of evidence related to lifestyle changes (i.e. weight loss, physical exercise, adherence to healthy dietary patterns, intake of certain dietary components, etc.) and pharmacological interventions that might play a protective role by targeting the underlying causative factors and pathogenetic mechanisms. However, well-designed prospective studies specifically dedicated to NAFLD/NASH patients are still needed to clarify the relationship with HCC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Cernea
- Department M3/Internal Medicine I, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, Târgu Mureş 540139, Romania
- Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Outpatient Unit, Emergency County Clinical Hospital, Târgu Mureş 540136, Romania
| | - Danusia Onișor
- Department ME2/Internal Medicine VII, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureş, Târgu Mureş 540139, Romania
- Gastroenterology Department, Mureș County Clinical Hospital, Târgu Mureș 540072, Romania
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15
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Yan T, Shi L, Liu T, Zhang X, Yang M, Peng W, Sun X, Yan L, Dai X, Yang X. Diet-rich in wheat bran modulates tryptophan metabolism and AhR/IL-22 signalling mediated metabolic health and gut dysbacteriosis: A novel prebiotic-like activity of wheat bran. Food Res Int 2023; 163:112179. [PMID: 36596122 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Tryptophan metabolism has shown to involve in pathogenesis of various metabolic diseases. Gut microbiota-orientated diets hold great potentials to improve metabolic health via regulating tryptophan metabolism. The present study showed that the 6-week high fat diet (HFD) disturbed tryptophan metabolism accompanied with gut dysbacteriosis, also influenced the dietary tryptophan induced changes in cecum microbiome and serum metabolome in mice. The colonic expressions of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and interleukin-22 (IL-22) were significantly reduced in mice fed on HFD. Notably, a diet- rich in wheat bran effectively inhibited transformation of tryptophan to kynurenine-pathway metabolites, while increased melatonin and microbial catabolites, i.e. indole-3-propionic acid, indole-3-acetaldehyde and 5-hydroxy-indole-3-acetic acid. Such regulatory effects were accompanied with reduced fasting glucose and total triglycerides, and promoted AhR and IL-22 levels in HFD mice. Wheat bran increased the abundance of health promoting bacteria (e.g., Akkermansia and Lactobacillus), which were significantly correlated with tryptophan derived indolic metabolites. Additionally, beneficial modulatory effects of wheat bran on indolic metabolites in associations with gut dysbacteriosis from type 2 diabetes patients were confirmed in vitro fecal fermentation experiment. Our study proves the detrimental effects of HFD induced gut dysbacteriosis on tryptophan metabolism that may influence immune modulation, and provides novel insights in the mechanisms by which wheat bran could induce health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yan
- School of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China
| | - Lin Shi
- School of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China; Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg SE-412 96, Sweden.
| | - Tianqi Liu
- School of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China
| | - Xiangnan Zhang
- School of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China
| | - Minmin Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China
| | - Wen Peng
- Nutrition and Health Promotion Center, Department of Public Health, Medical College, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai 810016, China
| | - Xiaomin Sun
- Global Health Institute, Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Lijing Yan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Dai
- BGI Institute of Applied Agriculture, BGI-Agro, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518083, China.
| | - Xinbing Yang
- School of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China.
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16
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Guo W, Ge X, Lu J, Xu X, Gao J, Wang Q, Song C, Zhang Q, Yu C. Diet and Risk of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Cirrhosis, and Liver Cancer: A Large Prospective Cohort Study in UK Biobank. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14245335. [PMID: 36558494 PMCID: PMC9788291 DOI: 10.3390/nu14245335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims: Epidemiological evidence has shown the association between nutritional habits and liver disease. However, results remain conflicting. This study investigated the influence of dietary factors on the risk of incident non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), cirrhosis, and liver cancer. Methods: Data from the UK Biobank database were analyzed (n = 372,492). According to baseline data from the food frequency questionnaire, two main dietary patterns (Western and prudent) were identified using principal component analysis. We used cox proportional hazards models to explore the associations of individual food groups and dietary patterns with NAFLD, cirrhosis, and liver cancer. Results: During a median follow-up of 12 years, 3527 hospitalized NAFLD, 1643 cirrhosis, and 669 liver cancer cases were recorded among 372,492 participants without prior history of cancer or chronic liver diseases at baseline. In multivariable adjusted analysis, participants in the high tertile of Western dietary pattern score had an 18% (95%CI = 1.09−1.29), 21% (95%CI = 1.07−1.37), and 24% (95%CI = 1.02−1.50) higher risk of incident NAFLD, liver cirrhosis, and liver cancer, respectively, compared with the low tertile. Participants in the high tertile of prudent scores had a 15% (95%CI = 0.75−0.96) lower risk of cirrhosis, as compared with those in the low tertile. In addition, the higher consumption of red meat and the lower consumption of fruit, cereal, tea, and dietary fiber were significantly associated with a higher risk of NAFLD, cirrhosis, and liver cancer (ptrend < 0.05). Conclusions: This large prospective cohort study showed that an increased intake of food from the Western dietary pattern could be correlated with an increased risk of chronic liver diseases, while the prudent pattern was only correlated with a reduced liver cirrhosis risk. These data may provide new insights into lifestyle interventions for the prevention of chronical liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Guo
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xinyuan Ge
- Department of Epidemiology, China International Cooperation Center on Environment and Human Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Jing Lu
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
- Department of Epidemiology, China International Cooperation Center on Environment and Human Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Epidemiology, China International Cooperation Center on Environment and Human Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Jiaxin Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, China International Cooperation Center on Environment and Human Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Quanrongzi Wang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Ci Song
- Department of Epidemiology, China International Cooperation Center on Environment and Human Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Research Units of Cohort Study on Cardiovascular Diseases and Cancers, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Qun Zhang
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
- Correspondence: (Q.Z.); (C.Y.); Tel.: +86-25-83-714-511 (Q.Z.); +86-25-86-868-437 (C.Y.)
| | - Chengxiao Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, China International Cooperation Center on Environment and Human Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215008, China
- Correspondence: (Q.Z.); (C.Y.); Tel.: +86-25-83-714-511 (Q.Z.); +86-25-86-868-437 (C.Y.)
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Montégut L, de Cabo R, Zitvogel L, Kroemer G. Science-Driven Nutritional Interventions for the Prevention and Treatment of Cancer. Cancer Discov 2022; 12:2258-2279. [PMID: 35997502 PMCID: PMC10749912 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-22-0504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In population studies, dietary patterns clearly influence the development, progression, and therapeutic response of cancers. Nonetheless, interventional dietary trials have had relatively little impact on the prevention and treatment of malignant disease. Standardization of nutritional interventions combined with high-level mode-of-action studies holds the promise of identifying specific entities and pathways endowed with antineoplastic properties. Here, we critically review the effects of caloric restriction and more specific interventions on macro- and micronutrients in preclinical models as well as in clinical studies. We place special emphasis on the prospect of using defined nutrition-relevant molecules to enhance the efficacy of established anticancer treatments. SIGNIFICANCE The avoidance of intrinsically hypercaloric and toxic diets contributes to the prevention and cure of cancer. In addition, specific diet-induced molecules such as ketone bodies and micronutrients, including specific vitamins, have drug-like effects that are clearly demonstrable in preclinical models, mostly in the context of immunotherapies. Multiple trials are underway to determine the clinical utility of such molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léa Montégut
- Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Université de Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Institut Universitaire de France, Inserm U1138, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Rafael de Cabo
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Laurence Zitvogel
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
- Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, ClinicObiome, Villejuif, France
- INSERM U1015, Paris, France
- Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
- Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer (CICBT) BIOTHERIS, Villejuif, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Université de Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Institut Universitaire de France, Inserm U1138, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France
- Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Department of Biology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
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18
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Zheng J, Zhao L, Dong J, Chen H, Li D, Zhang X, Hassan MM, Steck SE, Li X, Xiang YB, Wang H. The role of dietary factors in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease to hepatocellular carcinoma progression: A systematic review. Clin Nutr 2022; 41:2295-2307. [PMID: 36096063 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Dietary factors play an important role in promoting nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development through regulation of metabolism and inflammation. However, so far there was no evidence regarding how dietary factors may influence different disease outcomes in the NAFLD to HCC progression. Our study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the role of dietary factors on the risk of progression from NAFLD to HCC. METHODS A comprehensive literature research was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science and Embase databases to identify case-control and cohort studies published up to March 15, 2022 in English. We included studies investigating associations of food and beverage items (excluding alcohol), food groups, dietary patterns, and dietary habits with incidence risk of four main chronic liver diseases involved in the NAFLD-to-HCC progression (i.e., NAFLD, liver fibrosis, liver cirrhosis, and HCC). Three researchers independently performed the literature search, selected eligible articles, performed data abstraction and evaluated study quality. After evaluating adequacy and credibility of the associations reported for each dietary factor and each liver disease outcome, we summarized and evaluated the consistency of associations based on a priori determined criteria considering study design and the proportion of significant associations. RESULTS There were 109 studies included in this review (47 on NAFLD, 1 on liver fibrosis, 6 on liver cirrhosis, and 55 on HCC). Consistent evidence suggested that higher dietary inflammatory potential was associated with increased risk of both NAFLD and HCC whereas Mediterranean diet was associated with lower risk of both diseases. Additionally, greater conformity to the Healthy Eating Index, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension score, and Mediterranean Diet Score, and dietary patterns with high dietary antioxidant capacity reduced NAFLD risk. Some specific foods including soft drinks and red and/or processed meat were associated with increased NAFLD risk while total vegetables and spinach were associated with reduced NAFLD risk. Coffee and white meat consumption were inversely related to HCC risk. CONCLUSIONS Dietary patterns or individual foods representing a more anti-inflammatory potential were associated with reduced risk of both NAFLD and HCC, which implied diet-induced inflammation may impact NAFLD progression towards HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Zheng
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, No.227 South Chongqing Road, Rm 415, China
| | - Longgang Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA
| | - Jingwen Dong
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, No.227 South Chongqing Road, Rm 415, China
| | - Huiyi Chen
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, No.227 South Chongqing Road, Rm 415, China
| | - Donghui Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Manal M Hassan
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - Susan E Steck
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA
| | - Xiaoguang Li
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, No.227 South Chongqing Road, Rm 415, China.
| | - Yong-Bing Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogene and Related Genes & Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, No. 25, Lane 2200, Xie Tu Road, China.
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, No.227 South Chongqing Road, Rm 415, China.
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19
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Li J, Wu Z, Wang S, Li C, Zhuang X, He Y, Xu J, Su M, Wang Y, Ma W, Fan D, Yue T. A necroptosis-related prognostic model for predicting prognosis, immune landscape, and drug sensitivity in hepatocellular carcinoma based on single-cell sequencing analysis and weighted co-expression network. Front Genet 2022; 13:984297. [PMID: 36212155 PMCID: PMC9533069 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.984297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly lethal cancer and is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Unlike apoptosis, necroptosis (NCPS) triggers an immune response by releasing damage-related molecular factors. However, the clinical prognostic features of necroptosis-associated genes in HCC are still not fully explored.Methods: We analyzed the single-cell datasets GSE125449 and GSE151530 from the GEO database and performed weighted co-expression network analysis on the TCGA data to identify the necroptosis genes. A prognostic model was built using COX and Lasso regression. In addition, we performed an analysis of survival, immunity microenvironment, and mutation. Furthermore, the hub genes and pathways associated with HCC were localized within the single-cell atlas.Results: Patients with HCC in the TCGA and ICGC cohorts were classified using a necroptosis-related model with significant differences in survival times between high- and low-NCPS groups (p < 0.05). High-NCPS patients expressed more immune checkpoint-related genes, suggesting immunotherapy and some chemotherapies might prove beneficial to them. In addition, a single-cell sequencing approach was conducted to investigate the expression of hub genes and associated signaling pathways in different cell types.Conclusion: Through the analysis of single-cell and bulk multi-omics sequencing data, we constructed a prognostic model related to necroptosis and explored the relationship between high- and low-NCPS groups and immune cell infiltration in HCC. This provides a new reference for further understanding the role of necroptosis in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jincheng People’s Hospital, Jincheng, Shanxi, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Jincheng People’s Hospital, Jincheng, Shanxi, China
| | - Shuchen Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chan Li
- The Fifth Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuhui Zhuang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuewen He
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianmei Xu
- The Fifth Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meiyi Su
- Department of Rehabilitation, GuangDong Second Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wuhua Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dehui Fan
- The Fifth Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Rehabilitation, GuangDong Second Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Yue
- Department of Oncology Rehabilitation, Jincheng People’s Hospital, Jincheng, Shanxi, China
- *Correspondence: Ting Yue,
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20
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Mathers JC, Elliott F, Macrae F, Mecklin JP, Möslein G, McRonald FE, Bertario L, Evans DG, Gerdes AM, Ho JW, Lindblom A, Morrison PJ, Rashbass J, Ramesar RS, Seppälä TT, Thomas HJ, Sheth HJ, Pylvänäinen K, Reed L, Borthwick GM, Bishop DT, Burn J. Cancer Prevention with Resistant Starch in Lynch Syndrome Patients in the CAPP2-Randomized Placebo Controlled Trial: Planned 10-Year Follow-up. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2022; 15:623-634. [PMID: 35878732 PMCID: PMC9433960 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-22-0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The CAPP2 trial investigated the long-term effects of aspirin and resistant starch on cancer incidence in patients with Lynch syndrome (LS). Participants with LS were randomized double-blind to 30 g resistant starch (RS) daily or placebo for up to 4 years. We present long-term cancer outcomes based on the planned 10-year follow-up from recruitment, supplemented by National Cancer Registry data to 20 years in England, Wales, and Finland. Overall, 463 participants received RS and 455 participants received placebo. After up to 20 years follow-up, there was no difference in colorectal cancer incidence (n = 52 diagnosed with colorectal cancer among those randomized to RS against n = 53 on placebo) but fewer participants had non-colorectal LS cancers in those randomized to RS (n = 27) compared with placebo (n = 48); intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis [HR, 0.54; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.33-0.86; P = 0.010]. In ITT analysis, allowing for multiple primary cancer diagnoses among participants by calculating incidence rate ratios (IRR) confirmed the protective effect of RS against non-colorectal cancer LS cancers (IRR, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.32-0.84; P = 0.0075). These effects are particularly pronounced for cancers of the upper GI tract; 5 diagnoses in those on RS versus 21 diagnoses on placebo. The reduction in non-colorectal cancer LS cancers was detectable in the first 10 years and continued in the next decade. For colorectal cancer, ITT analysis showed no effect of RS on colorectal cancer risk (HR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.62-1.34; P = 0.63). There was no interaction between aspirin and RS treatments. In conclusion, 30 g daily RS appears to have a substantial protective effect against non-colorectal cancer cancers for patients with LS. PREVENTION RELEVANCE Regular bowel screening and aspirin reduce colorectal cancer among patients with LS but extracolonic cancers are difficult to detect and manage. This study suggests that RS reduces morbidity associated with extracolonic cancers. See related Spotlight, p. 557.
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Affiliation(s)
- John C. Mathers
- Human Nutrition Research Centre, Population Heath Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Faye Elliott
- Division of Haematology and Immunology, Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Finlay Macrae
- Division Colorectal Medicine and Genetics, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jukka-Pekka Mecklin
- Department of Education & Research, Jyväskylä Central Hospital, Jyväskylä, Finland
- Sport & Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Gabriela Möslein
- Center for Hereditary Tumors, Ev. BEHESDA Khs. zu Duisburg GmbH, Germany
| | - Fiona E. McRonald
- National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service, Public Health England
| | - Lucio Bertario
- Instituto Nazionale per lo Studio e, la Cura dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - D. Gareth Evans
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Medicine, University of Manchester, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester Universities Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Anne-Marie Gerdes
- Medical Genetics Clinic, ICMM; Clinical Genetics, Rigshospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Judy W.C. Ho
- Hereditary GI Cancer Registry, Department of Surgery, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Annika Lindblom
- Department of Molecular Medicine & Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Patrick J. Morrison
- The Department of Medical Genetics, Queens University Belfast, Belfast City Hospital HSC Trust, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Jem Rashbass
- National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service, Public Health England
| | - Raj S. Ramesar
- MRC Genomic and Precision Medicine Research Unit, Division of Human Genetics, Institute for Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, South Africa
| | - Toni T. Seppälä
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Huw J.W. Thomas
- St Mark's Hospital, London & Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Harsh J. Sheth
- Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Kirsi Pylvänäinen
- Department of Education & Research, Jyväskylä Central Hospital, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Lynn Reed
- Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Gillian M. Borthwick
- Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - D. Timothy Bishop
- Division of Haematology and Immunology, Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - John Burn
- Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
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21
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Tian X, Yan T, Liu F, Liu Q, Zhao J, Xiong H, Jiang S. Link of sorafenib resistance with the tumor microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma: Mechanistic insights. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:991052. [PMID: 36071839 PMCID: PMC9441942 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.991052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Sorafenib, a multi-kinase inhibitor with antiangiogenic, antiproliferative, and proapoptotic properties, is the first-line treatment for patients with late-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the therapeutic effect remains limited due to sorafenib resistance. Only about 30% of HCC patients respond well to the treatment, and the resistance almost inevitably happens within 6 months. Thus, it is critical to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and identify effective approaches to improve the therapeutic outcome. According to recent studies, tumor microenvironment (TME) and immune escape play critical roles in tumor occurrence, metastasis and anti-cancer drug resistance. The relevant mechanisms were focusing on hypoxia, tumor-associated immune-suppressive cells, and immunosuppressive molecules. In this review, we focus on sorafenib resistance and its relationship with liver cancer immune microenvironment, highlighting the importance of breaking sorafenib resistance in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinchen Tian
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Tinghao Yan
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Fen Liu
- Clinical Medical Laboratory Center, Jining First People’s Hospital, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Qingbin Liu
- Clinical Medical Laboratory Center, Jining First People’s Hospital, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Clinical Medical Laboratory Center, Jining First People’s Hospital, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Huabao Xiong
- Institute of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Basic Medical School, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- *Correspondence: Huabao Xiong, ; Shulong Jiang,
| | - Shulong Jiang
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Clinical Medical Laboratory Center, Jining First People’s Hospital, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- *Correspondence: Huabao Xiong, ; Shulong Jiang,
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22
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Aspergillus niger fermented Tartary buckwheat ameliorates obesity and gut microbiota dysbiosis through the NLRP3/Caspase-1 signaling pathway in high-fat diet mice. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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23
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Ding Q, Ren J, Zhou Y, Bai Z, Yan J, Na G, Shan Y. Whole grain germinated brown rice regulates intestinal immune homeostasis and gastrointestinal hormones in type 2 diabetic patients-a randomized control trial. Food Funct 2022; 13:8274-8282. [PMID: 35833889 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00477a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background: Whole grains present distinguished benefits to a handful of metabolic syndromes (MetS). However, the preventive effects of germinated brown rice (GBR), a new type of brown rice, on patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) are rarely reported. Objectives: To investigate whether replacing 100 g refined white rice (RWR) with equal GBR per day is effective in T2DM and its underlying mechanisms. Methods: Ninety-nine qualified T2DM patients (64.58 ± 5.06 years old) were recruited. All patients were randomly divided into GBR group (100 g d-1 GBR for 12 weeks) and control group (keep the regular diet). Food frequency questionnaires, and fresh stool and serum samples were collected before and after the intervention, followed by various measurements. Results: Fasting blood glucose was obviously decreased after GBR intervention with an effective rate of 62%. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were decreased in the GBR group with no significance. In the GBR group, the abundance of beneficial bacteria in feces was increased, while harmful bacteria were decreased. The percentage of Bacteroides (57.2%) was largely increased. In addition, three types of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) including acetic acid, propanoic acid, and butyric acid were increased significantly by GBR (p < 0.05). The secretion of GLP and PYY in serum, two kinds of gastrointestinal hormones downstream of SCFAs, was stimulated by GBR (p < 0.01). Meanwhile, GBR intervention could balance the ratio of Treg/Th17 immune cells in PBMCs and reduce the levels of inflammatory factors including IL-6, IL-8, and LPS in serum, which improved the permeability of intestinal mucosa. Conclusions: GBR (100 g d-1 for 12 weeks) has positive improvement in the fasting blood glucose for T2DM patients, which attributed to the recovery of intestinal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Ding
- Wenzhou Medical University, China.
| | - Junli Ren
- Harbin Institute of Technology, China
| | - Yingying Zhou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, China
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24
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Qin H, Yuan B, Huang W, Wang Y. Utilizing Gut Microbiota to Improve Hepatobiliary Tumor Treatments: Recent Advances. Front Oncol 2022; 12:924696. [PMID: 35924173 PMCID: PMC9339707 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.924696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatobiliary tumors, which include cholangiocarcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and gallbladder cancer, are common cancers that have high morbidity and mortality rates and poor survival outcomes. In humans, the microbiota is comprised of symbiotic microbial cells (10-100 trillion) that belong to the bacterial ecosystem mainly residing in the gut. The gut microbiota is a complicated group that can largely be found in the intestine and has a dual role in cancer occurrence and progression. Previous research has focused on the crucial functions of the intestinal microflora as the main pathophysiological mechanism in HCC development. Intestinal bacteria produce a broad range of metabolites that exhibit a variety of pro- and anticarcinogenic effects on HCC. Therefore, probiotic alteration of the gut microflora could promote gut flora balance and help prevent the occurrence of HCC. Recent evidence from clinical and translational studies suggests that fecal microbiota transplant is one of the most successful therapies to correct intestinal bacterial imbalance. We review the literature describing the effects and mechanisms of the microbiome in the gut in the context of HCC, including gut bacterial metabolites, probiotics, antibiotics, and the transplantation of fecal microbiota, and discuss the potential influence of the microbiome environment on cholangiocarcinoma and gallbladder cancer. Our findings are expected to reveal therapeutic targets for the prevention of hepatobiliary tumors, and the development of clinical treatment strategies, by emphasizing the function of the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Qin
- Key Laboratory of Cancer and Microbiome, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Baowen Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Cancer and Microbiome, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Huang, ; Yan Wang,
| | - Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer and Microbiome, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Huang, ; Yan Wang,
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25
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Wada K, Nakashima Y, Yamakawa M, Hori A, Seishima M, Tanabashi S, Matsushita S, Tokimitsu N, Nagata C. Dietary advanced glycation end products and cancer risk in Japan: from the Takayama study. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:2839-2848. [PMID: 35662347 PMCID: PMC9357612 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Few large epidemiological studies have evaluated the association between dietary advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and cancer risk. We evaluated the relationship between dietary AGE intake and the incidence of total cancer and site‐specific cancers in a population‐based prospective study in Japan. Participants were 14,173 men and 16,549 women who were 35 years of age or older in 1992. Dietary intake was assessed via a validated food frequency questionnaire. Intake of the AGE Nε‐carboxymethyl‐lysine (CML) was estimated using databases of CML content in foods determined using ultraperformance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Cancer incidence was confirmed through regional population‐based cancer registries. During a mean follow‐up period of 13.3 years, 1954 men and 1477 women developed cancer. We did not observe a significant association between CML intake and the risk of total cancer in men or women. In men, compared with the lowest quartile of CML intake, the hazard ratios of liver cancer for the second, third, and highest quartiles were 1.69 (95% CI: 0.92–3.10), 1.48 (95% CI: 0.77–2.84), and 2.10 (95% CI: 1.10–3.98; trend p = 0.04). Conversely, a decreased relative risk of male stomach cancer was observed for the second and highest quartiles of CML intake versus the lowest quartile, with hazard ratios of 0.73 and 0.67, respectively (trend p = 0.08). Our finding on the potential harmfulness of consuming AGEs on liver cancer risk is intriguing and warrants further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Wada
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine Gifu Japan
| | - Yuma Nakashima
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine Gifu Japan
| | - Michiyo Yamakawa
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine Gifu Japan
| | | | - Mitsuru Seishima
- Department of Internal Medicine, Takayama Red Cross Hospital Gifu Japan
| | - Shinobu Tanabashi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Takayama Red Cross Hospital Gifu Japan
| | | | - Naoki Tokimitsu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Takayama Red Cross Hospital Gifu Japan
| | - Chisato Nagata
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine Gifu Japan
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Dai K, Liu C, Guan G, Cai J, Wu L. Identification of immune infiltration-related genes as prognostic indicators for hepatocellular carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:496. [PMID: 35513781 PMCID: PMC9074323 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09587-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a high degree of malignancy and a poor prognosis. Immune infiltration-related genes have shown good predictive value in the prognosis of many solid tumours. In this study, we established and verified prognostic biomarkers consisting of immune infiltration-related genes in HCC. Gene expression data and clinical data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Differential gene expression analysis, univariate Cox regression analysis and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression algorithm were used to screen prognostic immune infiltration-related genes and to construct a risk scoring model. Kaplan-Meier (KM) survival plots and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were used to evaluate the prognostic performance of the risk scoring model in the TCGA-HCC cohort. In addition, a nomogram model with a risk score was established, and its predictive performance was verified by ROC analysis and calibration plot analysis in the TCGA-HCC cohort. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) identified pathways and biological processes that may be enriched in the high-risk group. Finally, immune infiltration analysis was used to explore the characteristics of the tumour microenvironment related to the risk score. We identified 17 immune infiltration-related genes with prognostic value and constructed a risk scoring model. ROC analysis showed that the risk scoring model can accurately predict the 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year overall survival (OS) of HCC patients in the TCGA-HCC cohort. KM analysis showed that the OS of the high-risk group was significantly lower than that of the low-risk group (P < 0.001). The nomogram model effectively predicted the OS of HCC patients in the TCGA-HCC cohort. GSEA indicated that the immune infiltration-related genes may be involved in biological processes such as amino acid and lipid metabolism, matrisome and small molecule transportation, immune system regulation, and hepatitis virus infection. Immune infiltration analysis showed that the level of immune cell infiltration in the high-risk group was low, and the risk score was negatively correlated with infiltrating immune cells. Our prognostic model based on immune infiltration-related genes in HCC could help the prognostic assessment of HCC patients and provide potential targets for HCC inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunfu Dai
- Liver Disease Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 59 Haier Road, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Liver Disease Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 59 Haier Road, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Ge Guan
- Liver Disease Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 59 Haier Road, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Jinzhen Cai
- Liver Disease Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 59 Haier Road, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Liqun Wu
- Liver Disease Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 59 Haier Road, Qingdao, 266003, China.
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MTDH antisense oligonucleotides reshape the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment to sensitize Hepatocellular Carcinoma to immune checkpoint blockade therapy. Cancer Lett 2022; 541:215750. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Cisneros-Garza L, González-Huezo M, Moctezuma-Velázquez C, Ladrón de Guevara-Cetina L, Vilatobá M, García-Juárez I, Alvarado-Reyes R, Álvarez-Treviño G, Allende-Pérez S, Bornstein-Quevedo L, Calderillo-Ruiz G, Carrillo-Martínez M, Castillo-Barradas M, Cerda-Reyes E, Félix-Leyva J, Gabutti-Thomas J, Guerrero-Ixtlahuac J, Higuera-de-la-Tijera F, Huitzil-Meléndez D, Kimura-Hayama E, López-Hernández P, Malé-Velázquez R, Méndez-Sánchez N, Morales-Ruiz M, Ruíz-García E, Sánchez-Ávila J, Torrecillas-Torres L. The second Mexican consensus on hepatocellular carcinoma. Part I: Epidemiology and diagnosis. REVISTA DE GASTROENTEROLOGÍA DE MÉXICO (ENGLISH EDITION) 2022; 87:216-234. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rgmxen.2021.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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Mao G, Shan C, Li W, Liang B, Ma L, Zhang S. High Expression of RRM1 Mediated by ncRNAs Correlates with Poor Prognosis and Tumor Immune Infiltration of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Gen Med 2022; 15:2607-2620. [PMID: 35282644 PMCID: PMC8910518 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s353362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of several tumors with poor prognosis and causes a significant social burden. A growing number of studies have shown that RRM1 plays a crucial role in the development and progression of multiple human cancers. However, the specific role and mechanism of RRM1 have not been fully defined in HCC. Methods TCGA and GTEx data were used for the first time to conduct a pan-cancer analysis of RRM1 expression and prognosis, and identified RRM1 as a possible potential oncogene in HCC. At the same time, a combination of analyses (including expression analysis, correlation analysis or survival analysis) identified non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that contribute to RRM1 overexpression. Results MIR4435-2HG/miR-22-3p and SNHG6/miR-101-3p were identified as the most promising RRM1 upstream ncRNA-related pathways in HCC. In addition, RRM1 levels were significantly and positively correlated with tumor immune cell infiltration, immune cell biomarker or immune checkpoint expression. Conclusion These results suggest that high expression of RRM1 mediated by ncRNAs is associated with poor prognosis and tumor immune infiltration in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guochao Mao
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Changyou Shan
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weimiao Li
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Baobao Liang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Ma
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuqun Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710000, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Shuqun Zhang, Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwu Road, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710000, People’s Republic of China, Tel +8613891841249, Fax +862987679512, Email
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Russo E, Fiorindi C, Giudici F, Amedei A. Immunomodulation by probiotics and prebiotics in hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Hepatol 2022; 14:372-385. [PMID: 35317185 PMCID: PMC8891667 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v14.i2.372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most prevalent primary malignancy in patients suffering from chronic liver diseases and cirrhosis. Recent attention has been paid to the involvement of the gut-liver axis (GLA) in HCC pathogenesis. This axis results from a bidirectional, anatomical and functional relationship between the gastrointestinal system and the liver. Moreover, the complex network of interactions between the intestinal microbiome and the liver plays a crucial role in modulation of the HCC-tumor microenvironment, contributing to the pathogenesis of HCC by exposing the liver to pathogen-associated molecular patterns, such as bacterial lipopolysaccharides, DNA, peptidoglycans and flagellin. Indeed, the alteration of gut microflora may disturb the intestinal barrier, bringing several toll-like receptor ligands to the liver thus activating the inflammatory response. This review explores the new therapeutic opportunities that may arise from novel insights into the mechanisms by which microbiota immunomodulation, represented by probiotics, and prebiotics, affects HCC through the GLA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edda Russo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence 50134, Tuscany, Italy
| | - Camila Fiorindi
- Department of Health Professions, Dietary Production Line and Nutrition, University Hospital of Careggi, Florence 50134, Italy
| | - Francesco Giudici
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence 50134, Tuscany, Italy
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence 50134, Tuscany, Italy
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31
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Tan H, Nie S. From universal recipes to customerised choices: Innovations, challenges and prospects of the polysaccharides-based food. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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32
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Zhu Y, Peng Z, Lu Y, Li H, Zeng X, Zhang Z, Li X, Hu C, Hu A, Zhao Q, Wang H, Yang W. Higher dietary insulinaemic potential is associated with increased risk of liver steatosis and fibrosis. Liver Int 2022; 42:69-79. [PMID: 34521152 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Hyperinsulinaemia and insulin resistance play a central role in the progression of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis, and diet can modulate insulin response. We thus hypothesised that diet with higher insulinaemic potential is associated with an increased risk of these conditions. METHODS Two empirically dietary indices for hyperinsulinaemia (EDIH) and insulin resistance (EDIR) were derived to identify food groups most predictive of fasting concentrations of C-peptide and insulin and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance respectively. Hepatic steatosis and fibrosis were defined by controlled attenuation parameter and liver stiffness measurement using transient elastography (TE). Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by logistic regression. RESULTS Of the 4171 participants with TE examination, 1436 (age-standardised prevalence, 33.8%) were diagnosed with steatosis, 255 (5.6%) with advanced fibrosis and 101 (2.2%) with cirrhosis. The multivariable-adjusted ORs for participants comparing the highest to the lowest EDIH tertile were 1.17 (95% CI: 0.99-1.39, Ptrend = .005) for steatosis, 1.74 (95% CI: 1.24-2.44, Ptrend = .001) for advanced fibrosis and 2.05 (95% CI: 1.21-3.46, Ptrend = .004) for cirrhosis. Similar associations were observed for EDIR with ORs of 1.32 (95% CI: 1.11-1.55, Ptrend < .001) for steatosis and 1.43 (95% CI: 1.03-1.99, Ptrend = .006) for advance fibrosis. These positive associations remained among never drinkers and individuals who were free of hepatitis B and/or C. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that hyperinsulinaemia and insulin resistance may partially underlie the influence of diet on hepatic steatosis and fibrosis, and highlight the importance of reducing or avoiding insulinaemic dietary pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhu
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Anhui, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui, China.,Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics/Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhaohong Peng
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yao Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hairong Li
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xufen Zeng
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhuang Zhang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiude Li
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Chunqiu Hu
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Anla Hu
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Qihong Zhao
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wanshui Yang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Anhui, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui, China.,Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics/Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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33
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Zheng J, Daniel CR, Hatia RI, Stuff J, Abdelhakeem AA, Rashid A, Chun YS, Jalal PK, Kaseb AO, Li D, Hassan MM. Dietary N-Nitroso Compounds and Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A USA-Based Study. Hepatology 2021; 74:3161-3173. [PMID: 34233041 PMCID: PMC8639645 DOI: 10.1002/hep.32046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS N-nitroso compounds (NOCs) are among the most potent dietary carcinogens. N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA), N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), and N-nitrosopiperidine (NPIP) are abundant in foods and carcinogenic to the liver. We investigated the relationship between dietary NOCs and HCC risk. APPROACH AND RESULTS In this large, hospital-based, case-control study of 827 pathologically or radiologically confirmed HCC cases and 1,013 controls, NOC intake was calculated by linking food frequency questionnaire-derived dietary data with a comprehensive NOC concentration database. Multivariable-adjusted ORs and 95% CIs of HCC by quartiles of NOC consumption were estimated using logistic regression models, with the lowest quartile as the referent. We further investigated joint effects of consuming the highest quartile of NOCs that were associated with increased HCC risk and hepatitis, diabetes, or alcohol drinking on HCC risk. After adjustment for confounding factors, higher intake of NDEA from plant sources (ORQ4 vs. Q1 = 1.58; 95% CI = 1.03-2.41), NDMA from plant sources (ORQ4 vs. Q1 = 1.54; 95% CI = 1.01-2.34), and NPIP (ORQ4 vs. Q1 = 2.52; 95% CI = 1.62-3.94) was associated with increased HCC risk. No association was observed for nitrate or total NOC intake and HCC risk. Higher consumption of HCC-inducing NOCs and positive hepatitis virus status jointly increased the risk of developing HCC. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, though some of our findings may indicate the presence of reverse causation owing to lower meat intake among cases with chronic liver diseases before HCC diagnosis, the potent dietary HCC carcinogens, NDEA, NDMA, and NPIP, and their enhanced carcinogenic effects among chronic carriers of hepatitis virus warrant further prospective investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Zheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Carrie R Daniel
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Rikita I Hatia
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Janice Stuff
- USDA Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Ahmed A Abdelhakeem
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Asif Rashid
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Yun Shin Chun
- Division of Surgery, Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Prasun K Jalal
- Division of Abdominal Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Ahmed O Kaseb
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Donghui Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Manal M Hassan
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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Sun F, Liu Y, Gong T, Pan Q, Xiang T, Zhao J, Tang Y, Chen H, Han Y, Song M, Huang Y, Li H, Chen Y, Yang C, Yang J, Wang Q, Li Y, He J, Weng D, Peng R, Xia J. Inhibition of DTYMK significantly restrains the growth of HCC and increases sensitivity to oxaliplatin. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:1093. [PMID: 34795209 PMCID: PMC8602592 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04375-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Most patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are in the middle or advanced stage at the time of diagnosis, and the therapeutic effect is limited. Therefore, this study aimed to verify whether deoxythymidylate kinase (DTYMK) increased in HCC and was an effective therapeutic target in HCC. The findings revealed that the DTYMK level significantly increased and correlated with poor prognosis in HCC. However, nothing else is known, except that DTYMK could catalyze the phosphorylation of deoxythymidine monophosphate (dTMP) to form deoxythymidine diphosphate (dTDP). A number of experiments were performed to study the function of DTYMK in vitro and in vivo to resolve this knowledge gap. The knockdown of DTYMK was found to significantly inhibit the growth of HCC and increase the sensitivity to oxaliplatin, which is commonly used in HCC treatment. Moreover, DTYMK was found to competitively combine with miR-378a-3p to maintain the expression of MAPK activated protein kinase 2 (MAPKAPK2) and thus activate the phospho-heat shock protein 27 (phospho-HSP27)/nuclear factor NF-kappaB (NF-κB) axis, which mediated the drug resistance, proliferation of tumor cells, and infiltration of tumor-associated macrophages by inducing the expression of C-C motif chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5). Thus, this study demonstrated a new mechanism and provided a new insight into the role of mRNA in not only encoding proteins to regulate the process of life but also regulating the expression of other genes and tumor microenvironment through the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengze Sun
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Tingting Gong
- Department of Ultrasound, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiuzhong Pan
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Tong Xiang
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingjing Zhao
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan Tang
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yulong Han
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mengjia Song
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yue Huang
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Han Li
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chaopin Yang
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jieying Yang
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qijing Wang
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongqiang Li
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jia He
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Desheng Weng
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruiqing Peng
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jianchuan Xia
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Liu X, Yang W, Petrick JL, Liao LM, Wang W, He N, Campbell PT, Zhang ZF, Giovannucci E, McGlynn KA, Zhang X. Higher intake of whole grains and dietary fiber are associated with lower risk of liver cancer and chronic liver disease mortality. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6388. [PMID: 34737258 PMCID: PMC8568891 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26448-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between dietary factors and liver disease remains poorly understood. This study evaluated the associations of whole grain and dietary fiber intake with liver cancer risk and chronic liver disease mortality. The National Institutes of Health–American Association of Retired Persons Diet and Health Study cohort recruited 485, 717 retired U.S. participants in 1995–1996. Follow-up through 2011 identified 940 incident liver cancer cases and 993 deaths from chronic liver disease. Compared with the lowest, the highest quintile of whole grain intake was associated with lower liver cancer risk (Hazard ratio [HR]Q5 vs. Q1 = 0.78, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.63–0.96) and chronic liver disease mortality (HRQ5 vs. Q1 = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.35–0.55) in multivariable Cox models. Dietary fiber was also associated with lower liver cancer risk (HRQ5 vs. Q1 = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.53–0.90) and chronic liver disease mortality (HRQ5 vs. Q1 = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.29–0.48). Fiber from vegetables, beans and grains showed potential protective effect. Here, we show that higher intake of whole grain and dietary fiber are associated with lower risk of liver cancer and liver disease mortality. Higher intake of dietary fiber and whole grains are associated with reduced risk of various diseases including some cancers. Here, the authors estimate reductions in liver cancer of 22% and 31% and chronic liver disease mortality of 56% and 63% associated with increased whole grain and dietary fiber intake, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Liu
- Department of Nutrition, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Wanshui Yang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | | | - Linda M Liao
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Weibing Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Na He
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Peter T Campbell
- Behavioral and Epidemiology Research Group, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Zuo-Feng Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Edward Giovannucci
- Department of Nutrition, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katherine A McGlynn
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- Department of Nutrition, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA. .,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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36
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Moussa I, Day RS, Li R, Kaseb A, Jalal PK, Daniel‐MacDougall C, Hatia RI, Abdelhakeem A, Rashid A, Chun YS, Li D, Hassan MM. Association of dietary fat intake and hepatocellular carcinoma among US adults. Cancer Med 2021; 10:7308-7319. [PMID: 34535983 PMCID: PMC8525131 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The role of dietary fat consumption in the etiology of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. We investigated the associations of total fat and fatty acids with risk of HCC among US adults in a hospital-based case-control study. METHODS We analyzed data from 641 cases and 1034 controls recruited at MD Anderson Cancer Center during 2001-2018. Cases were new patients with a pathologically or radiologically confirmed diagnosis of HCC; controls were cancer-free spouses of patients with cancers other than gastrointestinal, lung, liver, or head and neck. Cases and controls were frequency-matched by age and sex. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding confidence intervals (CIs) were computed using unconditional logistic regression with adjustment for major HCC risk factors, including hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection. RESULTS Monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) intake was inversely associated with HCC risk (highest vs. lowest tertile: OR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.33-0.72). Total polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake was directly associated with HCC risk (highest vs. lowest tertile: OR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.23-2.70). Omega-6 PUFA was directly associated with HCC risk (highest vs. lowest tertile: OR 2.29; 95% CI, 1.52-3.44). Long-chain omega-3 PUFA (eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid) intake was also inversely associated with HCC risk (highest vs. lowest tertile: OR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.33-0.70). No association was observed for saturated fat and HCC risk. CONCLUSION Our findings support a direct association of omega-6 PUFA intake with HCC and an inverse association of MUFA and long-chain omega-3 PUFA intake with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Moussa
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental ScienceSchool of Public HealthThe University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Rena S. Day
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, & Environmental SciencesSouthwest Center for Occupational and Environmental HealthMichael & Susan Dell Center for Healthy LivingSchool of Public HealthThe University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Ruosha Li
- Department of Biostatistics and Data ScienceSchool of Public HealthThe University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Ahmed Kaseb
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical OncologyThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Prasun K. Jalal
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyDepartment of MedicineBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTexasUSA
| | | | - Rikita I. Hatia
- Department of EpidemiologyThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Ahmed Abdelhakeem
- Department of Internal MedicineBaptist Hospitals of Southeast TexasBeaumontTexasUSA
| | - Asif Rashid
- Department of PathologyThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Yun Shin Chun
- Division of SurgeryDepartment of Surgical OncologyThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Donghui Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical OncologyThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Manal M. Hassan
- Department of EpidemiologyThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
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Ji X, Wang J, Li Z, Shen Q, Tuo J, Bi J, Tan Y, Li H, Xiang Y. Dietary fat intake and liver cancer risk: A prospective cohort study in Chinese women. Cancer Biol Med 2021; 19:j.issn.2095-3941.2020.0633. [PMID: 34546668 PMCID: PMC8958890 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2020.0633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine whether dietary fat intake increased liver cancer risk in Chinese women from a prospective population-based cohort. METHODS A total of 72,704 Chinese women were followed up from the time of baseline recruitment (1996-2000) to the end of 2016. Dietary fat intake was calculated using a validated food frequency questionnaire. The Cox regression model was used to assess the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for dietary fat intake and liver cancer risk. RESULTS We identified 252 incident liver cancer cases out of 1,267,845 person-years during the overall follow-up time. Null associations, neither in quartiles nor per standard deviation (SD) increment, were detected between liver cancer risk and dietary total fat, fat subtypes and subtype ratios, and food sources. The HR (95% CI) of the 1-SD increment was 1.03 (0.90-1.17) for total fat, 1.06 (0.93-1.20) for saturated fat, 1.06 (0.93-1.21) for monounsaturated fat, and 1.00 (0.89-1.13) for polyunsaturated fat. Similar null associations were observed in stratification analyses according to body mass index and menopausal status. CONCLUSIONS In our prospective cohort study, no significant association was observed in Chinese women between dietary fat and liver cancer risk, and in stratification and sensitivity analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogene and Related Genes & Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Zhuoying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogene and Related Genes & Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Qiuming Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogene and Related Genes & Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jiayi Tuo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogene and Related Genes & Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jinghao Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogene and Related Genes & Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yuting Tan
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Honglan Li
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yongbing Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogene and Related Genes & Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
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Ton M, Widener MJ, James P, VoPham T. Food Environments and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Incidence. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18115740. [PMID: 34071856 PMCID: PMC8198353 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Research into the potential impact of the food environment on liver cancer incidence has been limited, though there is evidence showing that specific foods and nutrients may be potential risk or preventive factors. Data on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) cancer registries. The county-level food environment was assessed using the Modified Retail Food Environment Index (mRFEI), a continuous score that measures the number of healthy and less healthy food retailers within counties. Poisson regression with robust variance estimation was used to calculate incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between mRFEI scores and HCC risk, adjusting for individual- and county-level factors. The county-level food environment was not associated with HCC risk after adjustment for individual-level age at diagnosis, sex, race/ethnicity, year, and SEER registry and county-level measures for health conditions, lifestyle factors, and socioeconomic status (adjusted IRR: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.96, 1.01). The county-level food environment, measured using mRFEI scores, was not associated with HCC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mimi Ton
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, 3980 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA 98195, USA;
- Cancer Prevention Program, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave N, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-503-810-8842
| | - Michael J. Widener
- Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto, 100 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3G3, Canada;
| | - Peter James
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, 401 Park Drive, Boston, MA 02215, USA;
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Trang VoPham
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, 3980 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA 98195, USA;
- Epidemiology Program, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave N, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
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Liu C, Dai Q, Ding Q, Wei M, Kong X. Identification of key genes in hepatitis B associated hepatocellular carcinoma based on WGCNA. Infect Agent Cancer 2021; 16:18. [PMID: 33726794 PMCID: PMC7962393 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-021-00357-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic Infection of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is one risk factor of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Much effort has been made to research the process of HBV-associated HCC, but its molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis remain vague. Here, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was employed to explore the co-expressed modules and hub/key genes correlated to HBV-associated HCC. We found that genes of the most significant module related to HBV-associated HCC were enriched in DNA replication, p53 signaling pathway, cell cycle, and HTLV-1 infection associated pathway; these cellular pathways played critical roles in the initiation and development of HCC or viral infections. Furthermore, seven hub/key genes were identified based on the topological network analysis, and their roles in HCC were verified by expression and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Protein-protein interaction and KEGG pathway analysis suggested that these key genes may stimulate cellular proliferation to promote the HCC progression. This study provides new perspectives to the knowledge of the key pathways and genes in the carcinogenesis process of HBV-associated HCC, and our findings provided potential therapeutic targets and clues of the carcinogenesis of HBV-associated HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Qinghai Dai
- Nankai University Second People's Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qian Ding
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Min Wei
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China. .,Nankai University Second People's Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Xiaohong Kong
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
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Kusnik A, Hunter N, Rasbach E, Miethke T, Reissfelder C, Ebert MP, Teufel A. Co-Medication and Nutrition in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Potentially Preventative Strategies in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Dig Dis 2021; 39:526-533. [PMID: 33429390 DOI: 10.1159/000514277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide, with about 841,000 new cases and 782,000 deaths annually. Given the clearly defined population at risk, mostly patients with liver cirrhosis, prevention of HCC could be highly effective. SUMMARY Besides regular ultrasound surveillance, numerous publications have suggested protective effects of diverse drugs and nutrients. However, none of those preventive options has made it into clinical routine or practice guidelines. We therefore summarize the current status of preventive effects of drugs such as statins, acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), and metformin, but also dietary aspects and nutrients such as coffee, tea, and vitamin D supplementation. A successful implementation of some of these strategies may potentially lead to improved prevention of HCC development in patients with liver cirrhosis. Key Messages: Accumulating data suggest that particularly ASA, antidiabetic therapies, and statins may substantially decrease HCC incidence in patients at risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Kusnik
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,Center for Preventive Medicine and Digital Health Baden-Württemberg (CPDBW), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Nicole Hunter
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Erik Rasbach
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Thomas Miethke
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christoph Reissfelder
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Matthias Philip Ebert
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,Center for Preventive Medicine and Digital Health Baden-Württemberg (CPDBW), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Andreas Teufel
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,Center for Preventive Medicine and Digital Health Baden-Württemberg (CPDBW), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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41
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George ES, Sood S, Broughton A, Cogan G, Hickey M, Chan WS, Sudan S, Nicoll AJ. The Association between Diet and Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13010172. [PMID: 33430001 PMCID: PMC7826815 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, liver cancer is the sixth most common cause of cancer mortality, with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) being the most common type of primary liver cancer. Emerging evidence states that diet is recognised as a potential lifestyle-related risk factor for the development of HCC. The aim of this systematic review is to determine whether there is an association between diet and the development of HCC. Using the PRISMA guidelines, three databases (MEDLINE Complete, CINAHL and Embase) were systematically searched, and studies published until July 2020 were included. Thirty observational studies were selected. The protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42019135240). Higher adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern, Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010, the Urban Prudent Dietary Pattern, the Traditional Cantonese Dietary Pattern, intake of vegetables, wholegrains, fish, poultry, coffee, macronutrients such as monounsaturated fats and micronutrients such as vitamin E, vitamin B9, β-carotene, manganese and potassium were associated with a reduced risk of HCC. The results suggest a potential role of diet in the development of HCC. Further quantitative research needs to be undertaken within a range of populations to investigate diet and the relationship with HCC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena S. George
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong 3217, Australia; (S.S.); (A.B.); (G.C.); (M.H.); (W.S.C.); (S.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-3-924-68622
| | - Surbhi Sood
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong 3217, Australia; (S.S.); (A.B.); (G.C.); (M.H.); (W.S.C.); (S.S.)
| | - Anna Broughton
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong 3217, Australia; (S.S.); (A.B.); (G.C.); (M.H.); (W.S.C.); (S.S.)
| | - Georgia Cogan
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong 3217, Australia; (S.S.); (A.B.); (G.C.); (M.H.); (W.S.C.); (S.S.)
| | - Megan Hickey
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong 3217, Australia; (S.S.); (A.B.); (G.C.); (M.H.); (W.S.C.); (S.S.)
| | - Wai San Chan
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong 3217, Australia; (S.S.); (A.B.); (G.C.); (M.H.); (W.S.C.); (S.S.)
| | - Sonal Sudan
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong 3217, Australia; (S.S.); (A.B.); (G.C.); (M.H.); (W.S.C.); (S.S.)
| | - Amanda J. Nicoll
- Department of Gastroenterology, Eastern Health, Box Hill 3128, Australia;
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Liu Y, Yang W, VoPham T, Ma Y, Simon TG, Gao X, Chan AT, Meyerhardt JA, Giovannucci EL, Zhang X. Plant-Based and Animal-Based Low-Carbohydrate Diets and Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Among US Men and Women. Hepatology 2021; 73:175-185. [PMID: 32222996 DOI: 10.1002/hep.31251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Little is known about the role of low-carbohydrate diets (LCDs) in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We prospectively evaluated the associations between plant-based and animal-based LCDs and risk of HCC in the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS). APPROACH AND RESULTS Dietary intake was assessed every 4 years using validated food frequency questionnaires. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). HRs are shown for a 1-standard deviation (SD) increment with variables modeled as continuous. During 3,664,769 person-years of follow-up, there were 156 incident HCC cases. Although there were no associations between overall or animal-based LCD score and risk of HCC, plant-based LCD score was inversely associated with HCC risk (HR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.70-0.98; Ptrend = 0.03). Carbohydrate intake, especially from refined grains (HR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.00-1.39; Ptrend = 0.04), was positively, while plant fat (HR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.65-0.95; Ptrend = 0.01) was inversely associated with HCC risk. Substituting 5% of energy from plant fat and protein for carbohydrate (HR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.58-0.93; Ptrend = 0.01) or refined grains (HR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.55-0.90; Ptrend = 0.006) was associated with lower HCC risk. In conclusion, a plant-based LCD and dietary restriction of carbohydrate from refined grains were associated with a lower risk of HCC. Substituting plant fat and protein for carbohydrate, particularly refined grains, may decrease HCC incidence. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support a potential benefit in emphasizing plant sources of fat and protein in the diet for HCC primary prevention; additional studies that carefully consider hepatitis B and C virus infections and chronic liver diseases are needed to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Liu
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Wanshui Yang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Trang VoPham
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Epidemiology Program, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Yanan Ma
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Tracey G Simon
- Liver Center, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA.,Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA.,Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Nutritional Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
| | - Andrew T Chan
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA.,Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Jeffrey A Meyerhardt
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Edward L Giovannucci
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
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43
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Tullio V, Gasperi V, Catani MV, Savini I. The Impact of Whole Grain Intake on Gastrointestinal Tumors: A Focus on Colorectal, Gastric, and Esophageal Cancers. Nutrients 2020; 13:E81. [PMID: 33383776 PMCID: PMC7824588 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cereals are one of staple foods in human diet, mainly consumed as refined grains. Nonetheless, epidemiological data indicate that whole grain (WG) intake is inversely related to risk of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and several cancer types, as well as to all-cause mortality. Particularly responsive to WG positive action is the gastrointestinal tract, daily exposed to bioactive food components. Herein, we shall provide an up-to-date overview on relationship between WG intake and prevention of gastrointestinal tumors, with a particular focus on colorectal, stomach, and esophagus cancers. Unlike refined counterparts, WG consumption is inversely associated with risk of these gastrointestinal cancers, most consistently with the risk of colorectal tumor. Some WG effects may be mediated by beneficial constituents (such as fiber and polyphenols) that are reduced/lost during milling process. Beside health-promoting action, WGs are still under-consumed in most countries; therefore, World Health Organization and other public/private stakeholders should cooperate to implement WG consumption in the whole population, in order to reach nutritionally effective intakes.
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Knowledge, attitudes and practices related to WG consumption among college students: a cross-sectional study in Chongqing, China. Public Health 2020; 190:37-41. [PMID: 33338901 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2020.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This work aimed to investigate WG (WG)-related knowledge, attitudes, practices (KAPs) and factors affecting WG consumption among college students in Chongqing, China. STUDY DESIGN A cross-sectional study was performed among 2500 students from six universities using a self-administered questionnaire. METHODS The chi-squared test and binary logistic regression were used for data analysis. RESULTS Only 14.7% of the participants were aware of WG, 57.1% supported the consumption of WG, and only 8.5% consumed WG regularly in the last month. Participants with poor knowledge of WG were about 2 times more likely to not concern about chronic diseases (CDs) than concern about CDs (odds ratio [OR] = 2.241, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.030-4.877). Women were less likely to have a poor attitude to WG compared with men (OR = 0.682, 95% CI, 0.529-0.878), whereas women were more likely to have a poor WG practice (OR = 2.335, 95% CI, 1.327-4.111). CONCLUSIONS Although results showed low levels of WG knowledge and practices, this study still supports positive attitudes to acquire WG-related knowledge among college students in Chongqing, China.
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Yu EYW, Wesselius A, Mehrkanoon S, Brinkman M, van den Brandt P, White E, Weiderpass E, Le Calvez-Kelm F, Gunter M, Huybrechts I, Liedberg F, Skeie G, Tjonneland A, Riboli E, Giles GG, Milne RL, Zeegers MP. Grain and dietary fiber intake and bladder cancer risk: a pooled analysis of prospective cohort studies. Am J Clin Nutr 2020; 112:1252-1266. [PMID: 32778880 PMCID: PMC7657329 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqaa215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Higher intakes of whole grains and dietary fiber have been associated with lower risk of insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, and inflammation, which are known predisposing factors for cancer. OBJECTIVES Because the evidence of association with bladder cancer (BC) is limited, we aimed to assess associations with BC risk for intakes of whole grains, refined grains, and dietary fiber. METHODS We pooled individual data from 574,726 participants in 13 cohort studies, 3214 of whom developed incident BC. HRs, with corresponding 95% CIs, were estimated using Cox regression models stratified on cohort. Dose-response relations were examined using fractional polynomial regression models. RESULTS We found that higher intake of total whole grain was associated with lower risk of BC (comparing highest with lowest intake tertile: HR: 0.87; 95% CI: 0.77, 0.98; HR per 1-SD increment: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.91, 0.99; P for trend: 0.023). No association was observed for intake of total refined grain. Intake of total dietary fiber was also inversely associated with BC risk (comparing highest with lowest intake tertile: HR: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.76, 0.98; HR per 1-SD increment: 0.91; 95% CI: 0.82, 0.98; P for trend: 0.021). In addition, dose-response analyses gave estimated HRs of 0.97 (95% CI: 0.95, 0.99) for intake of total whole grain and 0.96 (95% CI: 0.94, 0.98) for intake of total dietary fiber per 5-g daily increment. When considered jointly, highest intake of whole grains with the highest intake of dietary fiber showed 28% reduced risk (95% CI: 0.54, 0.93; P for trend: 0.031) of BC compared with the lowest intakes, suggesting potential synergism. CONCLUSIONS Higher intakes of total whole grain and total dietary fiber are associated with reduced risk of BC individually and jointly. Further studies are needed to clarify the underlying mechanisms for these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan Y W Yu
- Department of Complex Genetics and Epidemiology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Anke Wesselius
- Department of Complex Genetics and Epidemiology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Siamak Mehrkanoon
- Department of Data Science and Knowledge Engineering, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Maree Brinkman
- Department of Complex Genetics and Epidemiology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Studies and Nutritional Epidemiology, Nutrition Biomed Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Piet van den Brandt
- Department of Epidemiology, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, School for Public Health and Primary Care, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Emily White
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Marc Gunter
- International Agency for Research on Cancer/WHO, Lyon, France
| | - Inge Huybrechts
- International Agency for Research on Cancer/WHO, Lyon, France
| | - Fredrik Liedberg
- Department of Urology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
- Institution of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Guri Skeie
- Department of Community Medicine, UIT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Anne Tjonneland
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Elio Riboli
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Graham G Giles
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Roger L Milne
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Maurice P Zeegers
- Department of Complex Genetics and Epidemiology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- CAPHRI School for Public Health and Primary Care, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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46
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Li Y, Wang F, Wu M, Ma S. Integrative functional linear model for genome-wide association studies with multiple traits. Biostatistics 2020; 23:574-590. [PMID: 33040145 DOI: 10.1093/biostatistics/kxaa043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent biomedical research, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have demonstrated great success in investigating the genetic architecture of human diseases. For many complex diseases, multiple correlated traits have been collected. However, most of the existing GWAS are still limited because they analyze each trait separately without considering their correlations and suffer from a lack of sufficient information. Moreover, the high dimensionality of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data still poses tremendous challenges to statistical methods, in both theoretical and practical aspects. In this article, we innovatively propose an integrative functional linear model for GWAS with multiple traits. This study is the first to approximate SNPs as functional objects in a joint model of multiple traits with penalization techniques. It effectively accommodates the high dimensionality of SNPs and correlations among multiple traits to facilitate information borrowing. Our extensive simulation studies demonstrate the satisfactory performance of the proposed method in the identification and estimation of disease-associated genetic variants, compared to four alternatives. The analysis of type 2 diabetes data leads to biologically meaningful findings with good prediction accuracy and selection stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Center For Applied Statistics, School Of Statistics, And Statistical Consulting Center, Renmin University Of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Center For Applied Statistics, School Of Statistics, And Statistical Consulting Center, Renmin University Of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Mengyun Wu
- School of Statistics and Management, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Shuangge Ma
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven 06520, USA
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Wu H, Yuan YQ, Wang YC, Zhou XF, Liu SJ, Cai MQ, He GS, Li SG, Zang JJ, Chen B. The development of a Chinese Healthy Eating Index for School-age Children and its Application in children from China Health and Nutrition Survey. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2020; 72:280-291. [PMID: 32718190 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2020.1796930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to develop a Chinese Healthy Eating Index for School-age Children (CHEI-SC), apply it in the 2011 China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) to assess dietary quality, and compared it with our former developed index named CHEI. Data of 3-day 24-hour diet recalls and household food inventory survey from 1600 school-age children in CHNS-2011 were used to develop the CHEI-SC, using the methods of standard portion size, energy-density-based approach, and least restrictive approach. The CHEI-SC included 19 components with a total score (T-score) ranging from 0 to 100. The investigated children had a median score of 49.6. Children with a higher T-score were more likely to have higher social economic status (SES), higher level of urbanisation, fewer family size, and regularly attending school. The CHEI-SC was able to assess dietary quality of Chinese school-age children, was sensitive to demographics, and more comprehensive and accurate than the CHEI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Wu
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ya-Qun Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying-Chuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shao-Jie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mei-Qin Cai
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Geng-Sheng He
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu-Guang Li
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Jie Zang
- Department of Nutrition Hygiene, Division of Health Risk Factor Monitoring and Control, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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48
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Li MM, Zhou Y, Zuo L, Nie D, Li XA. Dietary fiber regulates intestinal flora and suppresses liver and systemic inflammation to alleviate liver fibrosis in mice. Nutrition 2020; 81:110959. [PMID: 33059126 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2020.110959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Liver fibrosis is a common pathologic process related to chronic liver disease. However, there are currently no effective methods to reverse liver fibrosis. Chronic liver disease is typically associated with a major imbalance in the intestinal flora, and targeting the regulation of the intestinal flora structure may facilitate the prevention and treatment of chronic liver disease. Therefore, in this study, we explored the effects of dietary fiber on the prevention of liver fibrosis in mice. METHODS C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: olive oil group (control), fibrosis (CCl4) group, resistant maltodextrin (RM) + CCl4 group, and wheat fiber (WF) + CCl4 group. In the latter 3 groups, liver fibrosis was established by treatment with CCl4. In the RM + CCl4 and WF + CCl4 groups, the mice were treated with soluble dietary fiber (RM) or insoluble dietary fiber (WF) for 3 wk before receiving CCl4. The effects of dietary fiber on various indexes of liver fibrosis in mice induced by CCl4 were observed. RESULTS The results showed that increasing dietary fiber intake prevented liver fibrosis in mice, reduced serum levels of proinflammatory factors (e.g., tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin [IL] 1-beta and IL-6) and increased IL-10 and interferon-gamma levels. Moreover, increased dietary fiber intake also reduced the infiltration of cluster of differentiation (CD) 3+, 4+, and 8+ T lymphocytes in the liver, regulated the structure of the intestinal flora, and increased the Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio. CONCLUSIONS Our findings revealed the complex relationships between dietary fiber, intestinal flora, and immunity, and suggested that dietary therapy could alleviate liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Mei Li
- The Gastroenterology Tumor and Microenvironment Laboratory, Department Of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhou
- The Gastroenterology Tumor and Microenvironment Laboratory, Department Of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Luo Zuo
- The Gastroenterology Tumor and Microenvironment Laboratory, Department Of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Nie
- The Gastroenterology Tumor and Microenvironment Laboratory, Department Of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-An Li
- The Gastroenterology Tumor and Microenvironment Laboratory, Department Of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China; Department of Gastroenterology, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
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49
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Wu Q, Chen T, El-Nezami H, Savidge TC. Food ingredients in human health: Ecological and metabolic perspectives implicating gut microbiota function. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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50
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Dietary Protein, Fiber and Coffee Are Associated with Small Intestine Microbiome Composition and Diversity in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12051395. [PMID: 32414035 PMCID: PMC7285216 DOI: 10.3390/nu12051395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome is a key factor in chronic liver disease progression. In prior research, we found that the duodenal microbiome was associated with sex, ethnicity, and cirrhosis complications. Here, we examined the association between diet and the duodenal microbiome in patients with liver cirrhosis. This study included 51 participants who completed a detailed food frequency questionnaire and donated duodenal biopsies for microbiome characterization by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. Data were analyzed for alpha diversity, beta diversity, and association of taxa abundance with diet quality and components using QIIME 2 pipelines. Diet quality was assessed through calculation of the Healthy Eating Index 2010. Participants with higher adherence to protein recommendations exhibited increased microbial richness and evenness (p = 0.03) and a different microbial profile compared to those with lower adherence (p = 0.03). Prevotella-9 and Agathobacter were increased in association with increased protein adherence. Fiber consumption was also associated with the duodenal microbial profile (p = 0.01), with several taxa exhibiting significantly decreased or increased abundance in association with fiber intake. Coffee drinking was associated with microbial richness and evenness (p = 0.001), and there was a dose–response association between coffee drinking and relative abundance of Veillonella (p = 0.01). We conclude that protein, fiber, and coffee are associated with diversity and composition of the duodenal microbiome in liver cirrhosis.
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