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Li X, Zhou H, Ge C, Li K, Chen A, Lu W. Dynamic changes of urotensin II and its receptor during ovarian development of olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2023; 263:110782. [PMID: 35905813 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2022.110782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Urotensin II (UII) is a kind of fish somatostatins cyclic peptide, which was originally extracted from the caudal neurosecretory system (CNSS). The system of UII and UII receptor (UIIR) has been reported to have multiple physiological regulatory functions, such as cardiovascular control, osmoregulation, and lipid metabolism. However, the effect of UII and UIIR on the ovarian development has not been covered. This study investigated the expression pattern of UII and UIIR in the ovarian follicles and explored their impact on ovarian development in olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. The results showed that the highest UII and UIIR mRNA levels were observed at stage II and stage III follicles during ovarian development, respectively. In situ hybridization revealed that a strong signal of UII was expressed in the oocyte nuclei of stage II follicles, however, UIIR was found in the follicle cells and oocyte cytoplasm of stage II and stage III follicles. Similarly, immunohistochemistry found positive signal of UII was detected in the oocyte nuclei of stage II follicles. The results from in vitro culture of olive flounder follicles suggested the expression of UII and UIIR mRNA levels significantly increased by 10 IU/ml human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) for 9 h. Furthermore, the transcriptional expression of UII and UIIR was not statistically significantly changed by 17α, 20β-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (DHP). These results firstly suggested that UII and UII receptor may play vital roles in regulating ovarian growth in olive flounder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Li
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Chunmei Ge
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Kunyu Li
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Aqin Chen
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Weiqun Lu
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai 201306, China.
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Cui L, Lv C, Zhang J, Li J, Wang Y. Characterization of four urotensin II receptors (UTS2Rs) in chickens. Peptides 2021; 138:170482. [PMID: 33359825 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2020.170482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Urotensin II receptor (UTS2R) is suggested to mediate the actions of urotensin II (UTS2) and UTS2-related peptide (URP, also called UTS2B) in mammals. However, the information regarding the gene structure, functionality and tissue expression of UTS2/URP receptor remains largely unknown in non-mammalian vertebrates including birds. In this study, using RACE-PCR, we cloned the full-length cDNAs of four chicken UTS2/URP receptors and designated them as cUTS2R1, cUTS2R2, cUTS2R3 and cUTS2R5 respectively, according to their evolutionary origin. The cloned cUTS2R1, cUTS2R2, cUTS2R3 and cUTS2R5 are predicted to encode 7-transmembrane receptors of 382, 343, 331 and 363 amino acids respectively, which show 50-66 % amino acid sequence identity with human UTS2R. Using cell-based luciferase reporter assays and Western blot, we demonstrated that chicken UTS2Rs expressed in HEK293 cells could be effectively activated by synthetic chicken UTS2-12, UTS2-17 and URP peptides, and their activation can elevate intracellular calcium concentration and activate MAPK/ERK signaling cascade, indicating that the four UTS2Rs are functional and capable of mediating UTS2/URP actions in chickens. Quantitative real-time PCR revealed that the four receptors are widely, but differentially, expressed in adult chicken tissues, while cUTS2 and cURP are highly expressed in the hindbrain and spinal cord, and moderately/weakly expressed in other tissues examined including the spleen and gonads. Taken together, our data provide first piece of evidence that all four UTS2Rs are functional in an avian species and help to reveal the conserved roles of UTS2R signaling across vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Cui
- Key laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, PR China
| | - Can Lv
- Key laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, PR China
| | - Jiannan Zhang
- Key laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, PR China
| | - Juan Li
- Key laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, PR China; Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, PR China.
| | - Yajun Wang
- Key laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, PR China; Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, PR China.
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3
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Ozoux ML, Briand V, Pelat M, Barbe F, Schaeffer P, Beauverger P, Poirier B, Guillon JM, Petit F, Altenburger JM, Bidouard JP, Janiak P. Potential Therapeutic Value of Urotensin II Receptor Antagonist in Chronic Kidney Disease and Associated Comorbidities. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2020; 374:24-37. [PMID: 32332113 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.120.265496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains a common disorder, leading to growing health and economic burden without curative treatment. In diabetic patients, CKD may result from a combination of metabolic and nonmetabolic-related factors, with mortality mainly driven by cardiovascular events. The marked overactivity of the urotensinergic system in diabetic patients implicates this vasoactive peptide as a possible contributor to the pathogenesis of renal as well as heart failure. Previous preclinical studies with urotensin II (UII) antagonists in chronic kidney disease were based on simple end points that did not reflect the complex etiology of the disease. Given this, our studies revisited the therapeutic value of UII antagonism in CKD and extensively characterized 1-({[6-{4-chloro-3-[3-(dimethylamino)propoxy]phenyl}-5-(2-methylphenyl)pyridin-2-yl]carbonyl}amino) cyclohexanecarboxylic acid hydrochloride (SAR101099), a potent, selective, and orally long-acting UII receptor competitive antagonist, inhibiting not only UII but also urotensin-related peptide activities. SR101099 treatment more than halved proteinurea and albumin/creatinine ratio in spontaneously hypertensive stroke-prone (SHR-SP) rats fed with salt/fat diet and Dahl-salt-sensitive rats, respectively, and it halved albuminuria in streptozotocin-induced diabetes rats. Importantly, these effects were accompanied by a decrease in mortality of 50% in SHR-SP and of 35% in the Dahl salt-sensitive rats. SAR101099 was also active on CKD-related cardiovascular pathologies and partly preserved contractile reserve in models of heart failure induced by myocardial infarction or ischemia/reperfusion in rats and pigs, respectively. SAR101099 exhibited a good safety/tolerability profile at all tested doses in clinical phase-I studies. Together, these data suggest that CKD patient selection considering comorbidities together with new stratification modalities should unveil the urotensin antagonists' therapeutic potential. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a pathology with growing health and economic burden, without curative treatment. For years, the impact of urotensin II receptor (UT) antagonism to treat CKD may have been compromised by available tools or models to deeper characterize the urotensinergic system. New potent, selective, orally long-acting cross-species UT antagonist such as SAR101099 exerting reno- and cardioprotective effects could offer novel therapeutic opportunities. Its preclinical and clinical results suggest that UT antagonism remains an attractive target in CKD on top of current standard of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Laure Ozoux
- Cardiovascular and Metabolism Therapeutic Area, Sanofi R&D, Chilly-Mazarin, France (M.L.O., V.B., M.P., F.B., P.S., P.B., B.P., P.J.); Preclinical Safety, Sanofi R&D, Chilly-Mazarin, France (J.M.G.);and Chemistry, Sanofi R&D, Chilly-Mazarin, France (F.P., J.M.A., J.P.B.)
| | - Véronique Briand
- Cardiovascular and Metabolism Therapeutic Area, Sanofi R&D, Chilly-Mazarin, France (M.L.O., V.B., M.P., F.B., P.S., P.B., B.P., P.J.); Preclinical Safety, Sanofi R&D, Chilly-Mazarin, France (J.M.G.);and Chemistry, Sanofi R&D, Chilly-Mazarin, France (F.P., J.M.A., J.P.B.)
| | - Michel Pelat
- Cardiovascular and Metabolism Therapeutic Area, Sanofi R&D, Chilly-Mazarin, France (M.L.O., V.B., M.P., F.B., P.S., P.B., B.P., P.J.); Preclinical Safety, Sanofi R&D, Chilly-Mazarin, France (J.M.G.);and Chemistry, Sanofi R&D, Chilly-Mazarin, France (F.P., J.M.A., J.P.B.)
| | - Fabrice Barbe
- Cardiovascular and Metabolism Therapeutic Area, Sanofi R&D, Chilly-Mazarin, France (M.L.O., V.B., M.P., F.B., P.S., P.B., B.P., P.J.); Preclinical Safety, Sanofi R&D, Chilly-Mazarin, France (J.M.G.);and Chemistry, Sanofi R&D, Chilly-Mazarin, France (F.P., J.M.A., J.P.B.)
| | - Paul Schaeffer
- Cardiovascular and Metabolism Therapeutic Area, Sanofi R&D, Chilly-Mazarin, France (M.L.O., V.B., M.P., F.B., P.S., P.B., B.P., P.J.); Preclinical Safety, Sanofi R&D, Chilly-Mazarin, France (J.M.G.);and Chemistry, Sanofi R&D, Chilly-Mazarin, France (F.P., J.M.A., J.P.B.)
| | - Philippe Beauverger
- Cardiovascular and Metabolism Therapeutic Area, Sanofi R&D, Chilly-Mazarin, France (M.L.O., V.B., M.P., F.B., P.S., P.B., B.P., P.J.); Preclinical Safety, Sanofi R&D, Chilly-Mazarin, France (J.M.G.);and Chemistry, Sanofi R&D, Chilly-Mazarin, France (F.P., J.M.A., J.P.B.)
| | - Bruno Poirier
- Cardiovascular and Metabolism Therapeutic Area, Sanofi R&D, Chilly-Mazarin, France (M.L.O., V.B., M.P., F.B., P.S., P.B., B.P., P.J.); Preclinical Safety, Sanofi R&D, Chilly-Mazarin, France (J.M.G.);and Chemistry, Sanofi R&D, Chilly-Mazarin, France (F.P., J.M.A., J.P.B.)
| | - Jean-Michel Guillon
- Cardiovascular and Metabolism Therapeutic Area, Sanofi R&D, Chilly-Mazarin, France (M.L.O., V.B., M.P., F.B., P.S., P.B., B.P., P.J.); Preclinical Safety, Sanofi R&D, Chilly-Mazarin, France (J.M.G.);and Chemistry, Sanofi R&D, Chilly-Mazarin, France (F.P., J.M.A., J.P.B.)
| | - Frédéric Petit
- Cardiovascular and Metabolism Therapeutic Area, Sanofi R&D, Chilly-Mazarin, France (M.L.O., V.B., M.P., F.B., P.S., P.B., B.P., P.J.); Preclinical Safety, Sanofi R&D, Chilly-Mazarin, France (J.M.G.);and Chemistry, Sanofi R&D, Chilly-Mazarin, France (F.P., J.M.A., J.P.B.)
| | - Jean-Michel Altenburger
- Cardiovascular and Metabolism Therapeutic Area, Sanofi R&D, Chilly-Mazarin, France (M.L.O., V.B., M.P., F.B., P.S., P.B., B.P., P.J.); Preclinical Safety, Sanofi R&D, Chilly-Mazarin, France (J.M.G.);and Chemistry, Sanofi R&D, Chilly-Mazarin, France (F.P., J.M.A., J.P.B.)
| | - Jean-Pierre Bidouard
- Cardiovascular and Metabolism Therapeutic Area, Sanofi R&D, Chilly-Mazarin, France (M.L.O., V.B., M.P., F.B., P.S., P.B., B.P., P.J.); Preclinical Safety, Sanofi R&D, Chilly-Mazarin, France (J.M.G.);and Chemistry, Sanofi R&D, Chilly-Mazarin, France (F.P., J.M.A., J.P.B.)
| | - Philip Janiak
- Cardiovascular and Metabolism Therapeutic Area, Sanofi R&D, Chilly-Mazarin, France (M.L.O., V.B., M.P., F.B., P.S., P.B., B.P., P.J.); Preclinical Safety, Sanofi R&D, Chilly-Mazarin, France (J.M.G.);and Chemistry, Sanofi R&D, Chilly-Mazarin, France (F.P., J.M.A., J.P.B.)
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Tang C, Ksiazek I, Siccardi N, Gapp B, Weber D, Wirsching J, Beck V, Reist M, Gaudet L, Stuber N, Surber SS, Mao X, Nicholson TB, Carbone W, Beibel M, Roma G, Gubser Keller C, Bassilana F. UTS2B Defines a Novel Enteroendocrine Cell Population and Regulates GLP-1 Secretion Through SSTR5 in Male Mice. Endocrinology 2019; 160:2849-2860. [PMID: 31556942 DOI: 10.1210/en.2019-00549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The gut-pancreas axis plays a key role in the regulation of glucose homeostasis and may be therapeutically exploited to treat not only type 2 diabetes but also hypoglycemia and hyperinsulinemia. We identify a novel enteroendocrine cell type expressing the peptide hormone urotensin 2B (UTS2B). UTS2B inhibits glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion in mouse intestinal crypts and organoids, not by signaling through its cognate receptor UTS2R but through the activation of the somatostatin receptor (SSTR) 5. Circulating UTS2B concentrations in mice are physiologically regulated during starvation, further linking this peptide hormone to metabolism. Furthermore, administration of UTS2B to starved mice demonstrates that it is capable of regulating blood glucose and plasma concentrations of GLP-1 and insulin in vivo. Altogether, our results identify a novel cellular source of UTS2B in the gut, which acts in a paracrine manner to regulate GLP-1 secretion through SSTR5. These findings uncover a fine-tuning mechanism mediated by a ligand-receptor pair in the regulation of gut hormone secretion, which can potentially be exploited to correct metabolic unbalance caused by overactivation of the gut-pancreas axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Tang
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Iwona Ksiazek
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Noemie Siccardi
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Berangere Gapp
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Delphine Weber
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Valerie Beck
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Reist
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Gaudet
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nathalie Stuber
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Xiaohong Mao
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | | | - Walter Carbone
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin Beibel
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Guglielmo Roma
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
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Lu W, Zhu G, Chen A, Li X, McCrohan CR, Balment R. Gene expression and hormone secretion profile of urotensin I associated with osmotic challenge in caudal neurosecretory system of the euryhaline flounder, Platichthys flesus. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2019; 277:49-55. [PMID: 30633873 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The caudal neurosecretory system (CNSS) is a part of stress response system, a neuroendocrine structure unique to fish. To gain a better understanding of the physiological roles of CNSS in fluid homeostasis, we characterized the tissue distribution of urotensin I (UI) expression in European flounder (Platichthys flesus), analyzed the effect chronic exposure to seawater (SW) or freshwater (FW), transfer from SW to FW, and reverse transfer on mRNA levels of UI, L-type Ca2+ channels and Ca-activated K+ channels transcripts in CNSS. The tissue distribution demonstrated that the CNSS is dominant sites of UI expression, and UI mRNA level in fore brain appeared greater than other non-CNSS tissues. There were no consistent differences in CNSS UI expression or urophysis UI content between SW- and FW-adapted fish in July and September. After transfer from SW to FW, at 8 h CNSS UI expression was significantly increased, but urophysis UI content was no significantly changes. At 24 h transfer from SW to FW, expression of CNSS UI was no apparent change and urophysis UI content was reduced. At 8 h and 24 h after transfer from FW to SW UI expression and urophysis UI content was no significantly effect. The expression of bursting dependent L-type Ca2+ channels and Ca-activated K+ channels in SW-adapted fish significantly decreased compared to those in FW-adapted. However, there were no differences in transfer from SW to FW or from FW to SW at 8 h and 24 h. Thus, these results suggest CNSS UI acts as a modulator in response to osmotic stress and plays important roles in the body fluid homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqun Lu
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, China.
| | - Gege Zhu
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, China
| | - Aqin Chen
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, China
| | - Xiaoxue Li
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, China
| | - Catherine R McCrohan
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Richard Balment
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, M13 9PT, UK
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Nitric Oxide and the Neuroendocrine Control of the Osmotic Stress Response in Teleosts. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030489. [PMID: 30678131 PMCID: PMC6386840 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The involvement of nitric oxide (NO) in the modulation of teleost osmoresponsive circuits is suggested by the facts that NO synthase enzymes are expressed in the neurosecretory systems and may be regulated by osmotic stimuli. The present paper is an overview on the research suggesting a role for NO in the central modulation of hormone release in the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial and the caudal neurosecretory systems of teleosts during the osmotic stress response. Active NOS enzymes are constitutively expressed by the magnocellular and parvocellular hypophysiotropic neurons and the caudal neurosecretory neurons of teleosts. Moreover, their expression may be regulated in response to the osmotic challenge. Available data suggests that the regulatory role of NO appeared early during vertebrate phylogeny and the neuroendocrine modulation by NO is conservative. Nonetheless, NO seems to have opposite effects in fish compared to mammals. Indeed, NO exerts excitatory effects on the electrical activity of the caudal neurosecretory neurons, influencing the amount of peptides released from the urophysis, while it inhibits hormone release from the magnocellular neurons in mammals.
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Jumaah S, Çelekli A, Sucu M. The role of human urotensin-II in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. J Immunoassay Immunochem 2018; 39:150-162. [PMID: 28686108 DOI: 10.1080/15321819.2017.1344130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a genetic condition with the hallmark feature of left ventricular hypertrophy. Human Urotensin-II (hUT-II) is regarded as a cardiovascular autacoid/hormone, and it has cardiac inotropic and hypertrophic properties. Aims of this study were to elucidate the clinical significance of serum hUT-II levels as a potential new biomarker in patients with HCM. METHODS This study included 40 HCM patients (60% males and 40% females) and were compared to 30 healthy control subjects (47% males and 53% females. All patients underwent extensive clinical, laboratory, and echocardiographic. Blood samples were taken to test for serum hUT-II levels by commercial ELISA Kit. RESULTS Serum hUT-II was significantly higher (p < 0.01) in patients with HCM (15.8 ± 2.1 pmol/L) compared with healthy controls (3.3 ± 1.7 pmol/L). With regard to HCM patient, Serum hUT-II levels were significantly higher in the female with 16.3 ± 1.9 pmol/L than the male with 15.4 ± 2.2 pmol/L (p < 0.05). Among echocardiographic parameters, hUT-II was negatively associated with ejection fraction (r = -0.160, p = 0.324). CONCLUSION Results of the first study indicated that serum hUT-II levels were markedly elevated in patients with HCM. Serum hUT-II is a novel biomarker parameter that has clinical use in patients with the severity of LVH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saman Jumaah
- a Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Department of Biochemistry Science and Technology , Gaziantep University , Gaziantep , Turkey
| | - Abuzer Çelekli
- b Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Biology , Gaziantep University , Gaziantep , Turkey
| | - Murat Sucu
- c Medical Faculty Cardiology , Gaziantep University , Gaziantep , Turkey
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Lim K, Sata Y, Jackson KL, Burke SL, Head GA. Acute Effect of Central Administration of Urotensin II on Baroreflex and Blood Pressure in Conscious Normotensive Rabbits. Front Physiol 2017; 8:110. [PMID: 28280470 PMCID: PMC5322237 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we examined the effects of central administration of Urotensin II on blood pressure, heart rate, and baroreceptor heart rate reflexes in conscious normotensive rabbits. Preliminary operations were undertaken to implant a balloon cuff on the inferior vena cava for baroreflex assessments and to implant cannula into the lateral and fourth ventricle. After 2 weeks of recovery cumulative dose response curves to Urotensin II (10, 100 ng, 1, 10, and 100 μg) given into the ventricles, or Ringer's solution as a vehicle were performed on separate days. Injections were given each hour and baroreflex assessments were made 30 min after each administration. Analysis of the dose response curves to Urotensin II compared to vehicle administered into the lateral or fourth ventricle, indicated little change to blood pressure or heart rate. Analysis of the time course to the highest dose over a 30 min period revealed a small (−5 mmHg) depressor response maximal at 10 min when injected into the fourth ventricle but no effect when injected into the lateral ventricle. Baroreflex assessments made at each dose showed that there was no change in baroreflex sensitivity but that an increase in the upper plateau was observed when Urotensin was injected into the lateral ventricle and a tendency for a reduced lower heart rate plateau was observed after fourth ventricle administration. Clonidine administration in the fourth ventricle decreased blood pressure and heart rate, thus confirming catheter patency. In conclusion, our findings suggest that Urotensin II in the forebrain and brainstem may play a role in modulating cardiac sympathetic and vagal baroreflexes but only during large acute changes in blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungjoon Lim
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Research InstituteMelbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Physiology, Monash UniversityClayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Yusuke Sata
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Research InstituteMelbourne, VIC, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Science, Monash UniversityClayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Kristy L Jackson
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Research Institute Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sandra L Burke
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Research Institute Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Geoffrey A Head
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Research InstituteMelbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Pharmacology, Monash UniversityClayton, VIC, Australia
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Park BM, Gao S, Cha SA, Kim SH. Attenuation of renovascular hypertension by cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor partly through ANP release. Peptides 2015; 69:1-8. [PMID: 25846103 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2015.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Revised: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Angiotensin II (Ang II) is an important inflammatory mediator. Ang II induces cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression and prostaglandin F2α release followed by cardiac hypertrophy. Inhibition of COX-2 may modulate high blood pressure but controversy still exists. The aim of this study was to determine the role of COX-2 in the regulation of blood pressure and to define the mechanisms in two kidney one-clip hypertensive (2K1C) rats. Chronic treatment with nimesulide or NS-398 (5 mg/kg/day) for 3 weeks lowered high blood pressure and cardiac hypertrophy with decreased expression levels of cardiac hypertrophy markers [atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP)], Ang type 1 receptor, urotensin II, and urotensin II receptor in 2K1C rats. Plasma level of ANP was markedly increased and plasma levels of Ang II and aldosterone were decreased by treatment with nimesulide or NS-398. In both in vitro and in vivo experiments, nimesulide or NS-398 augmented ANP release in 2K1C rats. The inhibitory effect of NS-398 on blood pressure was attenuated by the pretreatment with natriuretic peptide receptor-A (NPR-A) antagonist (A71915, 30 μg/kg/day). These results suggest that chronic treatment with nimesulide or NS-398 attenuated hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy partly through ANP release in 2K1C rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung Mun Park
- Department of Physiology, Diabetic Research Center, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Shan Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, Taishan Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Seung Ah Cha
- Department of Physiology, Diabetic Research Center, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Suhn Hee Kim
- Department of Physiology, Diabetic Research Center, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
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10
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Vaudry H, Leprince J, Chatenet D, Fournier A, Lambert DG, Le Mével JC, Ohlstein EH, Schwertani A, Tostivint H, Vaudry D. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. XCII. Urotensin II, urotensin II-related peptide, and their receptor: from structure to function. Pharmacol Rev 2015; 67:214-58. [PMID: 25535277 DOI: 10.1124/pr.114.009480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Urotensin II (UII) is a cyclic neuropeptide that was first isolated from the urophysis of teleost fish on the basis of its ability to contract the hindgut. Subsequently, UII was characterized in tetrapods including humans. Phylogenetic studies and synteny analysis indicate that UII and its paralogous peptide urotensin II-related peptide (URP) belong to the somatostatin/cortistatin superfamily. In mammals, the UII and URP genes are primarily expressed in cholinergic neurons of the brainstem and spinal cord. UII and URP mRNAs are also present in various organs notably in the cardiovascular, renal, and endocrine systems. UII and URP activate a common G protein-coupled receptor, called UT, that exhibits relatively high sequence identity with somatostatin, opioid, and galanin receptors. The UT gene is widely expressed in the central nervous system (CNS) and in peripheral tissues including the retina, heart, vascular bed, lung, kidney, adrenal medulla, and skeletal muscle. Structure-activity relationship studies and NMR conformational analysis have led to the rational design of a number of peptidic and nonpeptidic UT agonists and antagonists. Consistent with the wide distribution of UT, UII has now been shown to exert a large array of biologic activities, in particular in the CNS, the cardiovascular system, and the kidney. Here, we review the current knowledge concerning the pleiotropic actions of UII and discusses the possible use of antagonists for future therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hubert Vaudry
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U982, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.), University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.); Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Institut Armand Frappier, Laval, Québec, Canada (D.C., A.F.); International Associated Laboratory Samuel de Champlain, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.C., A.F., D.V.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Management, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, United Kingdom (D.G.L.); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1101, Laboratoire de Traitement de l'Information Médicale, Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie, Université Européenne de Bretagne, Brest, France (J.-C.L.M.); AltheRx Pharmaceuticals, Malvern, Pennsylvania (E.H.O.); Division of Cardiology, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Québec, Canada (A.S.); and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7221, Evolution des Régulations Endocriniennes, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France (H.T.)
| | - Jérôme Leprince
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U982, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.), University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.); Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Institut Armand Frappier, Laval, Québec, Canada (D.C., A.F.); International Associated Laboratory Samuel de Champlain, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.C., A.F., D.V.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Management, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, United Kingdom (D.G.L.); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1101, Laboratoire de Traitement de l'Information Médicale, Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie, Université Européenne de Bretagne, Brest, France (J.-C.L.M.); AltheRx Pharmaceuticals, Malvern, Pennsylvania (E.H.O.); Division of Cardiology, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Québec, Canada (A.S.); and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7221, Evolution des Régulations Endocriniennes, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France (H.T.)
| | - David Chatenet
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U982, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.), University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.); Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Institut Armand Frappier, Laval, Québec, Canada (D.C., A.F.); International Associated Laboratory Samuel de Champlain, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.C., A.F., D.V.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Management, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, United Kingdom (D.G.L.); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1101, Laboratoire de Traitement de l'Information Médicale, Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie, Université Européenne de Bretagne, Brest, France (J.-C.L.M.); AltheRx Pharmaceuticals, Malvern, Pennsylvania (E.H.O.); Division of Cardiology, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Québec, Canada (A.S.); and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7221, Evolution des Régulations Endocriniennes, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France (H.T.)
| | - Alain Fournier
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U982, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.), University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.); Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Institut Armand Frappier, Laval, Québec, Canada (D.C., A.F.); International Associated Laboratory Samuel de Champlain, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.C., A.F., D.V.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Management, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, United Kingdom (D.G.L.); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1101, Laboratoire de Traitement de l'Information Médicale, Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie, Université Européenne de Bretagne, Brest, France (J.-C.L.M.); AltheRx Pharmaceuticals, Malvern, Pennsylvania (E.H.O.); Division of Cardiology, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Québec, Canada (A.S.); and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7221, Evolution des Régulations Endocriniennes, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France (H.T.)
| | - David G Lambert
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U982, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.), University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.); Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Institut Armand Frappier, Laval, Québec, Canada (D.C., A.F.); International Associated Laboratory Samuel de Champlain, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.C., A.F., D.V.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Management, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, United Kingdom (D.G.L.); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1101, Laboratoire de Traitement de l'Information Médicale, Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie, Université Européenne de Bretagne, Brest, France (J.-C.L.M.); AltheRx Pharmaceuticals, Malvern, Pennsylvania (E.H.O.); Division of Cardiology, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Québec, Canada (A.S.); and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7221, Evolution des Régulations Endocriniennes, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France (H.T.)
| | - Jean-Claude Le Mével
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U982, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.), University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.); Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Institut Armand Frappier, Laval, Québec, Canada (D.C., A.F.); International Associated Laboratory Samuel de Champlain, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.C., A.F., D.V.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Management, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, United Kingdom (D.G.L.); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1101, Laboratoire de Traitement de l'Information Médicale, Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie, Université Européenne de Bretagne, Brest, France (J.-C.L.M.); AltheRx Pharmaceuticals, Malvern, Pennsylvania (E.H.O.); Division of Cardiology, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Québec, Canada (A.S.); and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7221, Evolution des Régulations Endocriniennes, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France (H.T.)
| | - Eliot H Ohlstein
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U982, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.), University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.); Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Institut Armand Frappier, Laval, Québec, Canada (D.C., A.F.); International Associated Laboratory Samuel de Champlain, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.C., A.F., D.V.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Management, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, United Kingdom (D.G.L.); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1101, Laboratoire de Traitement de l'Information Médicale, Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie, Université Européenne de Bretagne, Brest, France (J.-C.L.M.); AltheRx Pharmaceuticals, Malvern, Pennsylvania (E.H.O.); Division of Cardiology, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Québec, Canada (A.S.); and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7221, Evolution des Régulations Endocriniennes, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France (H.T.)
| | - Adel Schwertani
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U982, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.), University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.); Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Institut Armand Frappier, Laval, Québec, Canada (D.C., A.F.); International Associated Laboratory Samuel de Champlain, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.C., A.F., D.V.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Management, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, United Kingdom (D.G.L.); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1101, Laboratoire de Traitement de l'Information Médicale, Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie, Université Européenne de Bretagne, Brest, France (J.-C.L.M.); AltheRx Pharmaceuticals, Malvern, Pennsylvania (E.H.O.); Division of Cardiology, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Québec, Canada (A.S.); and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7221, Evolution des Régulations Endocriniennes, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France (H.T.)
| | - Hervé Tostivint
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U982, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.), University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.); Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Institut Armand Frappier, Laval, Québec, Canada (D.C., A.F.); International Associated Laboratory Samuel de Champlain, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.C., A.F., D.V.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Management, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, United Kingdom (D.G.L.); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1101, Laboratoire de Traitement de l'Information Médicale, Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie, Université Européenne de Bretagne, Brest, France (J.-C.L.M.); AltheRx Pharmaceuticals, Malvern, Pennsylvania (E.H.O.); Division of Cardiology, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Québec, Canada (A.S.); and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7221, Evolution des Régulations Endocriniennes, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France (H.T.)
| | - David Vaudry
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U982, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.), University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.V.); Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Institut Armand Frappier, Laval, Québec, Canada (D.C., A.F.); International Associated Laboratory Samuel de Champlain, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France (H.V., J.L., D.C., A.F., D.V.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Management, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, United Kingdom (D.G.L.); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1101, Laboratoire de Traitement de l'Information Médicale, Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie, Université Européenne de Bretagne, Brest, France (J.-C.L.M.); AltheRx Pharmaceuticals, Malvern, Pennsylvania (E.H.O.); Division of Cardiology, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Québec, Canada (A.S.); and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7221, Evolution des Régulations Endocriniennes, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France (H.T.)
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11
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Carotenuto A, Auriemma L, Merlino F, Yousif AM, Marasco D, Limatola A, Campiglia P, Gomez-Monterrey I, Santicioli P, Meini S, Maggi CA, Novellino E, Grieco P. Lead Optimization of P5U and Urantide: Discovery of Novel Potent Ligands at the Urotensin-II Receptor. J Med Chem 2014; 57:5965-74. [DOI: 10.1021/jm500218x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Carotenuto
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, I-80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Luigia Auriemma
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, I-80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Merlino
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, I-80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Ali Munaim Yousif
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, I-80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Daniela Marasco
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, I-80131 Naples, Italy
- CIRPEB:
Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi , University of Naples “Federico II”, DFM-Scarl, Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging-CNR, 80134, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Limatola
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, I-80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Pietro Campiglia
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, I-84084 Fisciano, Salerno Italy
| | | | - Paolo Santicioli
- Department
of Pharmacology, Menarini Ricerche, Via Rismondo 12/A, I-50131, Florence, Italy
| | - Stefania Meini
- Department
of Pharmacology, Menarini Ricerche, Via Rismondo 12/A, I-50131, Florence, Italy
| | - Carlo A. Maggi
- Department
of Pharmacology, Menarini Ricerche, Via Rismondo 12/A, I-50131, Florence, Italy
| | - Ettore Novellino
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, I-80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Grieco
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, I-80131 Naples, Italy
- CIRPEB:
Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi , University of Naples “Federico II”, DFM-Scarl, Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging-CNR, 80134, Naples, Italy
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12
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Tostivint H, Ocampo Daza D, Bergqvist CA, Quan FB, Bougerol M, Lihrmann I, Larhammar D. Molecular evolution of GPCRs: Somatostatin/urotensin II receptors. J Mol Endocrinol 2014; 52:T61-86. [PMID: 24740737 DOI: 10.1530/jme-13-0274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Somatostatin (SS) and urotensin II (UII) are members of two families of structurally related neuropeptides present in all vertebrates. They exert a large array of biological activities that are mediated by two families of G-protein-coupled receptors called SSTR and UTS2R respectively. It is proposed that the two families of peptides as well as those of their receptors probably derive from a single ancestral ligand-receptor pair. This pair had already been duplicated before the emergence of vertebrates to generate one SS peptide with two receptors and one UII peptide with one receptor. Thereafter, each family expanded in the three whole-genome duplications (1R, 2R, and 3R) that occurred during the evolution of vertebrates, whereupon some local duplications and gene losses occurred. Following the 2R event, the vertebrate ancestor is deduced to have possessed three SS (SS1, SS2, and SS5) and six SSTR (SSTR1-6) genes, on the one hand, and four UII (UII, URP, URP1, and URP2) and five UTS2R (UTS2R1-5) genes, on the other hand. In the teleost lineage, all these have been preserved with the exception of SSTR4. Moreover, several additional genes have been gained through the 3R event, such as SS4 and a second copy of the UII, SSTR2, SSTR3, and SSTR5 genes, and through local duplications, such as SS3. In mammals, all the genes of the SSTR family have been preserved, with the exception of SSTR6. In contrast, for the other families, extensive gene losses occurred, as only the SS1, SS2, UII, and URP genes and one UTS2R gene are still present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hervé Tostivint
- Evolution des Régulations EndocriniennesUMR 7221 CNRS and Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, FranceDepartment of NeuroscienceScience for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, SwedenInserm U982Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication Laboratory, Institute for Research and Innovation (IRIB), Rouen University, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Daniel Ocampo Daza
- Evolution des Régulations EndocriniennesUMR 7221 CNRS and Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, FranceDepartment of NeuroscienceScience for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, SwedenInserm U982Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication Laboratory, Institute for Research and Innovation (IRIB), Rouen University, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Christina A Bergqvist
- Evolution des Régulations EndocriniennesUMR 7221 CNRS and Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, FranceDepartment of NeuroscienceScience for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, SwedenInserm U982Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication Laboratory, Institute for Research and Innovation (IRIB), Rouen University, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Feng B Quan
- Evolution des Régulations EndocriniennesUMR 7221 CNRS and Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, FranceDepartment of NeuroscienceScience for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, SwedenInserm U982Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication Laboratory, Institute for Research and Innovation (IRIB), Rouen University, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Marion Bougerol
- Evolution des Régulations EndocriniennesUMR 7221 CNRS and Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, FranceDepartment of NeuroscienceScience for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, SwedenInserm U982Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication Laboratory, Institute for Research and Innovation (IRIB), Rouen University, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Isabelle Lihrmann
- Evolution des Régulations EndocriniennesUMR 7221 CNRS and Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, FranceDepartment of NeuroscienceScience for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, SwedenInserm U982Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication Laboratory, Institute for Research and Innovation (IRIB), Rouen University, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Dan Larhammar
- Evolution des Régulations EndocriniennesUMR 7221 CNRS and Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, FranceDepartment of NeuroscienceScience for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, SwedenInserm U982Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication Laboratory, Institute for Research and Innovation (IRIB), Rouen University, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
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13
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You Z, Al Kindi H, Abdul-Karim A, Barrette PO, Schwertani A. Blocking the urotensin II receptor pathway ameliorates the metabolic syndrome and improves cardiac function in obese mice. FASEB J 2013; 28:1210-20. [PMID: 24297699 DOI: 10.1096/fj.13-236471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The metabolic syndrome is defined by the presence of hyperlipidemia, obesity, hypertension, and diabetes. The syndrome is associated with significant cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The aim of the present study was to determine the role of the vasoactive peptide urotensin II (UII) in the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome. We used obese mice (ob/ob) to determine the effect of UII receptor (UT) blockage on the different facets of the metabolic syndrome with special emphasis on cardiac function. Our data demonstrate a significant increase in UII and UT expression in the myocardium of obese mice accompanied by a significant decrease in sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase 2a (SERCA2a) expression, as well as intracellular Na(+) and Ca(2+) compared with wild-type mice (P<0.05). Treatment of ob/ob mice with the UII receptor antagonist SB657510 significantly improved glucose levels, blood pressure, hyperlipidemia, expression of myocardial SERCA2a, intracellular Na(+) and Ca(2+) and cardiac function in association with a decrease in weight gain, and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and sodium/hydrogen exchanger 1 (NHE-1) protein expression compared with vehicle (P<0.05). These findings demonstrate an important role for UII in the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome and suggest that the use of UT receptor antagonists may provide a new therapeutic tool for the treatment of this syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng You
- 1McGill University Health Center, Ste. C9-166, Montreal General Hospital, 1650 Cedar Ave., Montreal, Quebec H3G 1A4, Canada.
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14
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Plasma Urotensin II Act as a Diagnostic Biomarker for Acute Coronary Syndromes. Int J Pept Res Ther 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-013-9376-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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15
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Urotensin-II Ligands: An Overview from Peptide to Nonpeptide Structures. JOURNAL OF AMINO ACIDS 2013; 2013:979016. [PMID: 23533711 PMCID: PMC3596952 DOI: 10.1155/2013/979016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2012] [Accepted: 01/14/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Urotensin-II was originally isolated from the goby urophysis in the 1960s as a vasoactive peptide with a prominent role in cardiovascular homeostasis. The identification of human isoform of urotensin-II and its specific UT receptor by Ames et al. in 1999 led to investigating the putative role of the interaction U-II/UT receptor in multiple pathophysiological effects in humans. Since urotensin-II is widely expressed in several peripheral tissues including cardiovascular system, the design and development of novel urotensin-II analogues can improve knowledge about structure-activity relationships (SAR). In particular, since the modulation of the U-II system offers a great potential for therapeutic strategies related to the treatment of several diseases, like cardiovascular diseases, the research of selective and potent ligands at UT receptor is more fascinating. In this paper, we review the developments of peptide and nonpeptide U-II structures so far developed in order to contribute also to a more rational and detectable design and synthesis of new molecules with high affinity at the UT receptor.
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Gao S, Oh YB, Park BM, Park WH, Kim SH. Urotensin II protects ischemic reperfusion injury of hearts through ROS and antioxidant pathway. Peptides 2012; 36:199-205. [PMID: 22609449 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2012.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2012] [Revised: 05/08/2012] [Accepted: 05/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Urotensin II (UII) is a vasoactive peptide which is bound to a G protein-coupled receptor. UII and its receptor are upregulated in ischemic and chronic hypoxic myocardium, but the effect of UII on ischemic reperfusion (I/R) injury is still controversial. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether UII protects heart function against I/R injury. Global ischemia was performed using isolated perfused Langendorff hearts of Sprague-Dawley rats. Hearts were perfused with Krebs-Henseleit buffer for 20min pre-ischemic period followed by a 20min global ischemia and 50min reperfusion. Pretreatment with UII (10nM) for 10min increased recovery percentage of the post-ischemic left ventricular developed pressure and ±dp/dt, and decreased post-ischemic left ventricular end-diastolic pressure as compared with I/R group. UII decreased infarct size and an increased lactate dehydrogenase level during reperfusion. Cardioprotective effects of UII were attenuated by pretreatment with UII receptor antagonist. The hydrogen peroxide activity was increased in UII-treated heart before ischemia. The Mn-SOD, catalase, heme oxygenase-1 and Bcl-2 levels were increased, and the Bax and caspase-9 levels were decreased in UII-treated hearts. These results suggest that UII has cardioprotective effects against I/R injury partly through activating antioxidant enzymes and reactive oxygen species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Gao
- Department of Physiology, Research Center for Endocrine Sciences, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
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17
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You Z, Genest J, Barrette PO, Hafiane A, Behm DJ, D'Orleans-Juste P, Schwertani AG. Genetic and pharmacological manipulation of urotensin II ameliorate the metabolic and atherosclerosis sequalae in mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2012; 32:1809-16. [PMID: 22723440 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.112.252973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Urotensin II (UII) is a potent vasoactive peptide that binds to the urotensin receptor-coupled receptor-14 (known as UT) and exerts a wide range of actions in humans and experimental animals. We tested the hypothesis that UII gene deletion or UT blockade ameliorate experimental atherosclerosis. METHODS AND RESULTS We observed a significant reduction in weight gain, visceral fat, blood pressure, circulating plasma lipids, and proatherogenic cytokines and improvement of glucose tolerance in UII knockout mice compared with wild type (P<0.05). Deletion of UII after an apolipoprotein E knockout resulted in a significant reduction in serum cytokines, adipokines, and aortic atherosclerosis compared with apolipoprotein E knockout mice. Similarly, treatment of apolipoprotein E knockout mice fed on high-fat diet with the UT antagonist SB657510A reduced weight gain, visceral fat, and hyperlipidemia and improved glucose tolerance (P<0.05) and attenuated the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. The UT antagonist also decreased aortic extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 phosphorylation and oxidant formation and serum level of cytokines (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate for the first time the role of UII gene deletion in atherosclerosis and suggest that the use of pharmaceutical agents aimed at blocking the UII pathway may provide a novel approach in the treatment of atherosclerosis and its associated precursors such as obesity, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng You
- Division of Cardiology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Yasuda T, Masaki T, Gotoh K, Chiba S, Kakuma T, Yoshimatsu H. Intracerebroventricular administration of urotensin II regulates food intake and sympathetic nerve activity in brown adipose tissue. Peptides 2012; 35:131-5. [PMID: 22426154 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2012.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2012] [Revised: 03/01/2012] [Accepted: 03/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
To clarify the functional roles of urotensin II in regulating energy balance, we investigated the effects of a central infusion of urotensin II on food intake, uncoupling protein (UCP) 1 mRNA expression, temperature, and sympathetic nervous system activity in brown adipose tissue (BAT), a site that regulates energy expenditure in rodents. A bolus central infusion of urotensin II at a dose of 1 nmol/rat into the third cerebral ventricle decreased food intake (p<0.05). Additionally, urotensin II induced c-Fos-like-immunoreactivity (c-FLI) in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) as compared with that in the control (phosphate buffered saline [PBS]-treated) group. Furthermore, urotensin II increased BAT UCP 1 mRNA expression (p<0.05). Finally, central infusion of urotensin II significantly increased BAT sympathetic nerve activity, which was accompanied by a significant elevation in BAT temperature (p<0.05) in rats. Taken together, central infusion of urotensin II regulates food intake and BAT sympathetic nerve activity in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tohru Yasuda
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, 1-1, Idaigaoka, Hasama, Oita 879-5593, Japan
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Kiss RS, You Z, Genest J, Behm DJ, Giaid A. Urotensin II differentially regulates macrophage and hepatic cholesterol homeostasis. Peptides 2011; 32:956-63. [PMID: 21376094 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2011.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2010] [Revised: 02/21/2011] [Accepted: 02/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Urotensin II (UII) is a vasoactive peptide with pleiotropic activity. Interestingly, UII levels are elevated in hyperlipidemic patients, and UII induces lipase activity in some species. However, the exact role UII plays in cholesterol homeostasis remains to be elucidated. UII knockout (UII KO) mice were generated and a plasma lipoprotein profile, and hepatocytes and macrophages cholesterol uptake, storage and synthesis was determined. UII KO had a decreased LDL cholesterol profile and liver steatosis compared to wildtype mice (WT). UII KO macrophages demonstrated enhanced ACAT activity and LDL uptake in the short term (up to 4h), of which more LDL-delivered exogenously derived cholesterol was incorporated into cholesteryl ester (CE) than the WT macrophages. UII KO macrophages generated more than two times the amount of de novo endogenously synthesized cholesterol, and of this cholesterol more than two times the relative amount was esterified to CE. In comparison, results in hepatocytes demonstrated that far more exogenously derived cholesterol was incorporated into CE in the WT cells, generating almost ten times the amount of CE than UII KO. WT cells synthesize de novo almost ten times the amount of cholesterol than UIIKO, and of that cholesterol, almost two times the amount of CE in WT than UII KO hepatocytes. In addition, more ApoB lipoproteins were secreted from WT than UII KO hepatocytes. These results demonstrate a fundamental difference between macrophages and hepatocytes in terms of cholesterol homeostasis, and suggest an important role for UII in modulating cholesterol regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert S Kiss
- Division of Cardiology, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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20
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Gao S, Oh YB, Shah A, Park WH, Chung MJ, Lee YH, Kim SH. Urotensin II receptor antagonist attenuates monocrotaline-induced cardiac hypertrophy in rats. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2010; 299:H1782-9. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00438.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Urotensin II (UII) is a vasoactive peptide with potent cardiovascular effects through a G protein-coupled receptor. Hypoxia stimulates the secretion of UII and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP). However, the effect of UII on hypoxia-induced cardiac hypertrophy is still controversial. The present study was conducted to determine whether human UII (hUII)-mediated ANP secretion influences hypoxia-induced cardiac hypertrophy using in vitro and in vivo models. Hypoxia caused an increase in ANP secretion and a decrease in atrial contractility in isolated perfused beating rat atria. hUII (0.01 and 0.1 nM) attenuated hypoxia-induced ANP secretion without changing the atrial contractility, and the hUII effect was mediated by the UII receptor signaling involving phospholipase C, inositol 1,3,4 trisphosphate receptor, and protein kinase C. Rats treated with monocrotaline (MCT, 60 mg/kg) showed right ventricular hypertrophy with increases in pulmonary arterial pressure and its diameter and plasma levels of UII and ANP that were attenuated by the pretreatment with an UII receptor antagonist, urantide. An acute administration of hUII (5 μM injection plus 2.5 μM infusion for 15 min) decreased the plasma ANP level in MCT-treated rats but increased the plasma ANP level in MCT plus urantide-treated and sham-operated rats. These results suggest that hUII may deteriorate MCT-induced cardiac hypertrophy mainly through a vasoconstriction of the pulmonary artery and partly through the suppression of ANP secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Myoung Ja Chung
- Pathology, Diabetic Research Center, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju; and
| | - Young-Ho Lee
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
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d'Emmanuele Di Villa Bianca R, Cirino G, Mitidieri E, Coletta C, Grassia G, Roviezzo F, Grieco P, Novellino E, Imbimbo C, Mirone V, Sorrentino R. Urotensin II: A Novel Target in Human Corpus Cavernosum. J Sex Med 2010; 7:1778-86. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2009.01450.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Gao S, Shah A, Oh YB, Park WH, Kim SH. Urotensin II stimulates high frequency-induced ANP secretion via PLC-PI 3K-PKC pathway. Peptides 2010; 31:164-9. [PMID: 19896516 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2009.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2009] [Revised: 10/23/2009] [Accepted: 10/23/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Urotensin II (U-II) and its receptor are coexpressed in the heart and show various cardiovascular functions. However, the relationship between U-II and cardiac hormone atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is still unknown. The aim of the present study is to test whether U-II affects ANP secretion using in vitro perfusion experiments and in vivo studies. Human U-II (hU-II) (10(-11), 5x10(-11), 10(-10), 5x10(-10)M) stimulated ANP secretion from isolated perfused rat atria paced with high frequency (6.0Hz). However, atrial contractility and translocation of extracellular fluid (ECF) did not change. An increase in ANP secretion by rat U-II was similar to that by hU-II; however, urotensin-related peptide showed no significant effect on ANP secretion. Pretreatment with urotensin receptor antagonist and inhibitor for phospholipase C (PLC), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), or protein kinase C (PKC) attenuated hU-II-induced ANP secretion from atria paced with high frequency, but an inhibitor for inositol triphosphate did not. Intravenous infusion of hU-II at a dose of 2.5microM for 20min increased plasma ANP level, along with increased heart rate and pulse pressure in anesthetized rats. Therefore, we suggest that U-II stimulates high stimulation frequency-induced ANP secretion partly through the urotensin receptor and the PLC/PI3K/PKC pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Gao
- Department of Physiology, Diabetic Research Center, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
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23
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Lawson EC, Luci DK, Ghosh S, Kinney WA, Reynolds CH, Qi J, Smith CE, Wang Y, Minor LK, Haertlein BJ, Parry TJ, Damiano BP, Maryanoff BE. Nonpeptide Urotensin-II Receptor Antagonists: A New Ligand Class Based on Piperazino-Phthalimide and Piperazino-Isoindolinone Subunits. J Med Chem 2009; 52:7432-45. [PMID: 19731961 DOI: 10.1021/jm900683d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Edward C. Lawson
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, Welsh & McKean Roads, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477-0776
| | - Diane K. Luci
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, Welsh & McKean Roads, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477-0776
| | - Shyamali Ghosh
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, Welsh & McKean Roads, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477-0776
| | - William A. Kinney
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, Welsh & McKean Roads, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477-0776
| | - Charles H. Reynolds
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, Welsh & McKean Roads, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477-0776
| | - Jenson Qi
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, Welsh & McKean Roads, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477-0776
| | - Charles E. Smith
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, Welsh & McKean Roads, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477-0776
| | - Yuanping Wang
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, Welsh & McKean Roads, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477-0776
| | - Lisa K. Minor
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, Welsh & McKean Roads, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477-0776
| | - Barbara J. Haertlein
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, Welsh & McKean Roads, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477-0776
| | - Tom J. Parry
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, Welsh & McKean Roads, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477-0776
| | - Bruce P. Damiano
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, Welsh & McKean Roads, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477-0776
| | - Bruce E. Maryanoff
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, Welsh & McKean Roads, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477-0776
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24
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Giuliani L, Lenzini L, Antonello M, Aldighieri E, Belloni AS, Fassina A, Gomez-Sanchez C, Rossi GP. Expression and functional role of urotensin-II and its receptor in the adrenal cortex and medulla: novel insights for the pathophysiology of primary aldosteronism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2009; 94:684-90. [PMID: 19001524 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2008-1131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The involvement of urotensin II, a vasoactive peptide acting via the G protein-coupled urotensin II receptor, in arterial hypertension remains contentious. OBJECTIVE We investigated the expression of urotensin II and urotensin II receptor in adrenocortical and adrenomedullary tumors and the functional effects of urotensin II receptor activation. DESIGN The expression of urotensin II and urotensin II receptor was measured by real time RT-PCR in aldosterone-producing adenoma (n = 22) and pheochromocytoma (n = 10), using histologically normal adrenocortical (n = 6) and normal adrenomedullary (n = 5) tissue as control. Urotensin II peptide and urotensin II receptor protein were investigated with immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting. To identify urotensin II-related and urotensin II receptor-related pathways, a whole transcriptome analysis was used. The adrenocortical effects of urotensin II receptor activation were also assessed by urotensin II infusion with/without the urotensin II receptor antagonist palosuran in rats. RESULTS Urotensin II was more expressed in pheochromocytoma than in aldosterone-producing adenoma tissue; the opposite was seen for the urotensin II receptor expression. Urotensin II receptor activation in vivo in rats enhanced (by 182 +/- 9%; P < 0.007) the adrenocortical expression of immunoreactive aldosterone synthase. CONCLUSIONS Urotensin II is a putative mediator of the effects of the adrenal medulla and pheochromocytoma on the adrenocortical zona glomerulosa. This pathophysiological link might account for the reported causal relationship between pheochromocytoma and primary aldosteronism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Giuliani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Internal Medicine 4, School of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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25
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Pakala R. Role of urotensin II in atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. CARDIOVASCULAR REVASCULARIZATION MEDICINE 2008; 9:166-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carrev.2008.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2007] [Revised: 01/24/2008] [Accepted: 02/05/2008] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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26
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Abstract
Urotensin II was first identified over 30 years ago as a potent vasoconstrictor, and the identification of its receptor in the heart, lungs, blood vessels, and brain have made it a potential target for human pharmacotherapy. Current research would suggest that urotensin II plays a major role in the pathophysiology of various cardiovascular disease entities. This article discusses the biologic effects of urotensin under normal and pathophysiologic conditions, and reviews the research experiences with synthetic urotensin blockers in the treatment of various cardiovascular illnesses.
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27
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Lu W, Abdel-Razik AES, Ashton N, Balment RJ. Urotensin II: lessons from comparative studies for general endocrinology. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2008; 157:14-20. [PMID: 18440535 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2008.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2008] [Revised: 03/08/2008] [Accepted: 03/12/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The importance of combining studies across vertebrates to provide insights into the functionality of hormone systems is considered, using recent advances in Urotensin II (UII) biology to illustrate this. The impact of genome analyses on understanding ligand and UII receptor (UT) structures is reviewed, noting their high conservation from fish to mammals. The early linkage of UII with fish osmoregulatory physiology drove our investigation of possible renal actions of UII in mammals. The kidney is a potential major source of UII in mammals and endogenous peptide appears to have tonal influence over renal excretion of water and electrolytes. Blockade of UII actions by administration of UT receptor antagonist, urantide, in anaesthetised rats, indicates that endogenous UII lowers renal filtration rates and excretion of water and ions. These effects are considered in relation to apparent association of UII with a number of human cardiovascular and renal disorders. Following up the sequencing of UT in mammals here we contrast the first fish UT sequences with those in other species. It is now evident that UT expression in fish osmoregulatory tissues, such as the gill and kidney, exhibits considerable plasticity in response to physiological challenge, providing an important component of the adaptive organismal responses. A number of areas of UII research, which will continue to benefit from moving questions between appropriate vertebrate groups, have been highlighted. These comparative approaches will yield improved understanding and further novel actions of this intriguing endocrine and paracrine system, so highly conserved across the vertebrate series.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Lu
- Integrative Biology Division, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, 3.614 Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
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28
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Malagon MM, Molina M, Gahete MD, Duran-Prado M, Martinez-Fuentes AJ, Alcain FJ, Tonon MC, Leprince J, Vaudry H, Castaño JP, Vazquez-Martinez R. Urotensin II and urotensin II-related peptide activate somatostatin receptor subtypes 2 and 5. Peptides 2008; 29:711-20. [PMID: 18289730 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2007.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2007] [Revised: 12/18/2007] [Accepted: 12/20/2007] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The UII and urotensin II-related peptide (URP) genes belong to the same superfamily as the somatostatin gene. It has been previously shown that somatostatin activates the UII-receptor (UTR). In contrast, the possible interaction between UII and URP and somatostatin receptors has remained scarcely analyzed. Herein, we have investigated the effects of UII and URP on cell proliferation and free cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) in CHO-K1 cells stably expressing the porcine somatostatin receptor subtypes sst2 and sst5. Results show that both UII and URP induce stimulation of cell proliferation mediated by sst2 receptors and UII provokes inhibition of cell proliferation mediated by sst5 receptors. UII and URP also provoked an increase of [Ca2+]i in both sst2- and sst5-transfected cells. Together, our present data demonstrate that UII and URP directly activate sst2 and sst5 and thus mimic the effect of somatostatin on its cognate receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria M Malagon
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14014 Cordoba, Spain.
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29
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Parmentier C, Hameury E, Lihrmann I, Taxi J, Hardin-Pouzet H, Vaudry H, Calas A, Tostivint H. Comparative distribution of the mRNAs encoding urotensin I and urotensin II in zebrafish. Peptides 2008; 29:820-9. [PMID: 18403048 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2008.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2007] [Revised: 01/18/2008] [Accepted: 01/25/2008] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The neural neurosecretory system of fishes produces two biologically active neuropeptides, i.e. the corticotropin-releasing hormone paralog urotensin I (UI) and the somatostatin-related peptide urotensin II (UII). In zebrafish, we have recently characterized two UII variants termed UIIalpha and UIIbeta. In the present study, we have investigated the distribution of UI, UIIalpha and UIIbeta mRNAs in different organs by quantitative RT-PCR analysis and the cellular localization of the three mRNAs in the spinal cord by in situ hybridization (ISH) histochemistry. The data show that the UI gene is mainly expressed in the caudal portion of the spinal cord and, to a lesser extent, in the brain, while the UIIalpha and the UIIbeta genes are exclusively expressed throughout the spinal cord. Single-ISH labeling revealed that UI, UIIalpha and UIIbeta mRNAs occur in large cells, called Dahlgren cells, located in the ventral part of the caudal spinal cord. Double-ISH staining showed that UI, UIIalpha and UIIbeta mRNAs occur mainly in distinct cells, even though a few cells were found to co-express the UI and UII genes. The differential expression of UI, UIIalpha and UIIbeta genes may contribute to the adaptation of Dahlgren cell activity during development and/or in various physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Parmentier
- Laboratoire de Neurobiologie des Signaux Intercellulaires, UMR 7101, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 75252 Paris, France.
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30
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Sugo T, Mori M. Another ligand fishing for G protein-coupled receptor 14. Discovery of urotensin II-related peptide in the rat brain. Peptides 2008; 29:809-12. [PMID: 17628210 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2007.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2007] [Revised: 05/31/2007] [Accepted: 06/04/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Urotensin II (UII), which was originally isolated from the teleost urophysis, was identified as an endogenous ligand for orphan G protein-coupled receptor 14 (GPR14). The structure of mammalian UII was confirmed by isolation from spinal cord in porcine, or was easily predicted from the sequence of prepro-UII in human. For rat and mouse, however, only the tentative sequences of UII peptides have been demonstrated because the typical processing sites are absent from the amino-terminal region of the mature peptides. Isolation of UII-like immunoreactivity in rat brain revealed the presence of a novel peptide, designated urotensin II-related peptide (URP). URP binds and activates the human and rat urotensin II receptors (GPR14) and has a hypotensive effect when administrated to anesthetized rats. Based on the DNA sequences of the cloned prepro-URP gene, the amino acid sequences of mature URP for mouse and human are identical to that for rat URP. These results suggest that URP is the endogenous and functional ligand for urotensin II receptor in the rat and mouse, and possibly in the human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsukasa Sugo
- Frontier Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 10 Wadai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-4293, Japan.
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31
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Boivin S, Ségalas-Milazzo I, Guilhaudis L, Oulyadi H, Fournier A, Davoust D. Solution structure of urotensin-II receptor extracellular loop III and characterization of its interaction with urotensin-II. Peptides 2008; 29:700-10. [PMID: 18423797 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2008.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2007] [Revised: 02/28/2008] [Accepted: 02/29/2008] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Urotensin-II (U-II) is a vasoactive hormone that acts through a G-protein-coupled receptor named UT. Recently, we have shown, using the surface plasmon resonance technology that human U-II (hU-II) interacts with the hUT(281-300) fragment, a segment containing the extracellular loop III (EC-III) and short extensions of the transmembrane domains VI and VII (TM-VI and TM-VII). To further investigate the interaction of UT receptor with U-II, we have determined the solution structure of hUT(281-300) by high-resolution NMR and molecular modeling and we have examined, also using NMR, the binding with hU-II at residue level. In the presence of dodecylphosphocholine micelles, hUT(281-300) exhibited a type III beta-turn (Q285-L288), followed by an -helical structure (A289-L299), the latter including a stretch of transmembrane helix VII. Upon addition of hU-II, significant chemical shift perturbations were observed for residues located just on the N-terminal side of the beta-turn (end of TM-VI/beginning of EC-III) and on one face of the -helix (end of EC-III/beginning of TM-VII). These data, in conjunction with intermolecular NOEs, suggest that the initiation site of EC-III, as well as the upstream portion of helix VII, would be involved in agonist binding and allow to propose points of interaction in the ligand-receptor complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Boivin
- Equipe de Chimie Organique et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Rouen, 1 rue Thomas Becket, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
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32
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de Lecea L, Bourgin P. Neuropeptide interactions and REM sleep: a role for Urotensin II? Peptides 2008; 29:845-51. [PMID: 18406008 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2008.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2007] [Revised: 02/12/2008] [Accepted: 02/15/2008] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Urotensin II (UII) is a peptide with structural similarity to the somatostatin family with potent vasoconstrictor activity. UII receptor is expressed broadly in the periphery, and most notably in the heart and microvessels. In the brain, the UII receptor can be detected in the spinal cord and in cholinergic nuclei in the brainstem known to be involved in REM sleep regulation. Recent data suggest that, in addition to their vasoactive properties, UII receptor ligands may have excitatory activity on a selective group of neurons that modulate REM sleep. This review focuses on the implications of these findings for the neurobiology of REM sleep regulation and discusses the possible impact of UII and other neuropeptides on the balance of the alternation between sleep states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis de Lecea
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, 701 B Welch Road, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States.
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Tölle M, van der Giet M. Cardiorenovascular effects of urotensin II and the relevance of the UT receptor. Peptides 2008; 29:743-63. [PMID: 17935830 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2007.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2007] [Revised: 07/16/2007] [Accepted: 08/27/2007] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Urotensin II (U-II) is a vasoactive peptide with many potent effects in the cardiorenovascular system. U-II activates a G-protein-coupled receptor termed UT. UT and U-II are highly expressed in the cardiovascular and renal system. Patients with various cardiovascular diseases show high U-II plasma levels. It was demonstrated that elevated U-II plasma levels and increased UT expression seem to play a role in heart failure, end-stage renal disease and atherosclerosis. U-II induces potent changes in vascular tone regulation. In addition, U-II stimulates vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Currently several pharmaceutical companies are developing compounds to control the U-II/UT system. There are preclinical and some clinical studies showing potential benefits of inhibiting U-II function in renal disease, heart failure, and diabetes. This article will review both pre- and clinical data concerning cardiorenovascular effects of U-II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Tölle
- Med. Klinik IV-Nephrology, Charite-Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany.
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Kemp W, Roberts S, Krum H. Increased circulating urotensin II in cirrhosis: potential implications in liver disease. Peptides 2008; 29:868-72. [PMID: 17913301 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2007.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2007] [Revised: 08/16/2007] [Accepted: 08/17/2007] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Urotensin II (UII) is a potent vasoactive mediator which, through interaction with a specific G-protein coupled receptor, can result in either a vasoconstrictive or vasodilatory response. In addition to its effect upon vascular tone, UII possess mitogenic and fibrogenic potential. The influence of UII on vascular tone is to some degree both species-specific and disease-specific. Increased circulating UII levels have been documented in subjects with liver cirrhosis although the significance of this finding with regards to the development of chronic liver disease and portal hypertension has yet to be fully elucidated. In this review we focus on the potential relevance of UII as a vasoactive mediator in the chronic liver disease population and postulate as to the site of overproduction of UII.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Kemp
- NHMRC Centre of Clinical Research Excellence in Therapeutics, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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Fontes-Sousa AP, Brás-Silva C, Pires AL, Monteiro-Sousa D, Leite-Moreira AF. Urotensin II acutely increases myocardial length and distensibility: potential implications for diastolic function and ventricular remodeling. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2007; 376:107-15. [PMID: 17701026 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-007-0180-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2007] [Accepted: 07/12/2007] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Urotensin II (U-II) is a cyclic peptide that may be involved in cardiovascular dysfunction. In the present study, the acute effects of U-II on diastolic properties of the myocardium were investigated. Increasing concentrations of U-II (10(-8) to 10(-6) M) were added to rabbit papillary muscles in the absence (n = 15) or presence of: (1) damaged endocardial endothelium (EE; n = 9); (2) U-II receptor antagonist, urantide (10(-5) M; n = 7); (3) nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor, N(G)-Nitro-L-Arginine (10(-5) M; n = 9); (4) cyclooxygenase inhibitor, indomethacin (10(-5) M; n = 8); (5) NO synthase and cyclooxygenase inhibitors, N(G)-Nitro-L-Arginine (10(-5) M) and indomethacin (10(-5) M), respectively, (n = 8); or (6) protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor, chelerythrine (10(-5) M; n = 9). Passive length-tension relations were constructed before and after a single concentration of U-II (10(-6) M; n = 3). U-II concentration dependently decreased inotropy and increased resting muscle length (RL). At 10(-6) M, active tension decreased 13.8 +/- 5.4%, and RL increased to 1.007 +/- 0.001 L/L (max). Correcting RL to its initial value resulted in an 18.1 +/- 3.0% decrease in resting tension, indicating decreased muscle stiffness, which was also suggested by the down and rightward shift of the passive length-tension relation. This effect remained unaffected by EE damage and PKC inhibition. In contrast, the presence of urantide and NO inhibition abolished the effects of U-II on myocardial stiffness, while cyclooxygenase inhibition significantly attenuated them. U-II decreases myocardial stiffness, an effect that is mediated by the urotensin-II receptor, NO, and prostaglandins. This represents a novel mechanism of acute neurohumoral modulation of diastolic function, suggesting that U-II is an important regulator of cardiac filling.
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Harris GS, Lust RM, Katwa LC. Hemodynamic effects of chronic urotensin II administration in animals with and without aorto-caval fistula. Peptides 2007; 28:1483-9. [PMID: 17553596 PMCID: PMC2965601 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2007.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2007] [Revised: 04/16/2007] [Accepted: 04/25/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Urotensin II (UTII) is a potent vasoactive peptide. Recent studies have demonstrated increased expression of both UTII and its receptor (UTR) expression in end-stage congestive heart failure (CHF), but it is unclear whether UTII and UTR are late stage markers of decompensation, or earlier adaptive responses. The purpose of this study was to measure the effects of chronic UTII administration in normal and volume overloaded animals. Chronic 4 weeks administration of UTII produced decreases in hemodynamic function in animals not subjected to volume overload while returning function to control levels in animals with overload. Expression levels of calcium regulatory proteins phospholamban (PLN), sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) ATPase (SERCA2), and Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger (NCX) were measured to determine if administration of UTII resulted in aberrant Ca(2+) handling. Changes in protein expression revealed that UTII influenced Ca(2+) handling proteins in normal animals although these changes are not seen in the volume overload.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Laxmansa C. Katwa
- Correspondence and Reprints: Laxmansa C. Katwa, Ph.D., Department of Physiology, Rm. 6E-73C Brody Building, The Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, 600 Moye Blvd., Greenville, NC, 27834, U S A, Tel: (252) 744-1906, Fax: (252) 744-3460,
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Wang YX, Ding YJ, Zhu YZ, Shi Y, Yao T, Zhu YC. Role of PKC in the novel synergistic action of urotensin II and angiotensin II and in urotensin II-induced vasoconstriction. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2006; 292:H348-59. [PMID: 16951045 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00512.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The intracellular signaling of human urotensin II (hU-II) and its interaction with other vasoconstrictors such as ANG II are poorly understood. In endothelium-denuded rat aorta, coadministration of hU-II (1 nM) and ANG II (2 nM) exerted a significant contractile effect that was associated with increased protein kinase C (PKC) activity and phosphorylation of PKC-alpha/betaII and myosin light chain, whereas either hU-II or ANG II administered alone at these concentrations had no statistically significant effect. This synergistic effect was abrogated by the PKC inhibitor chelerythrine (10 and 30 microM), the selective PKC-alpha/betaII inhibitor Gö-6976 (0.1 and 1 microM), the hU-II receptor ligand urantide (30 nM and 1 microM), or the ANG II antagonist losartan (1 microM). Moreover, in endothelium-intact rat aorta, the synergistic effect of hU-II and ANG II was not exerted any longer, and this synergistic effect was unmasked by pretreatment of the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor N(G)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester. hU-II (10 nM) alone caused a long-lasting increase in phospho-PKC-theta, phospho-myosin light chain, and PKC activity, which was associated with long-lasting vasoconstriction. These changes were prevented by chelerythrine. Methoxyverapamil-thapsigargin treatment reduced the hU-II-induced vasoconstriction by approximately 50%. The methoxyverapamil-thapsigargin-resistant component of hU-II-induced vasoconstriction was dose-dependently inhibited by chelerythrine. In conclusion, hU-II induces a novel PKC-dependent synergistic action with ANG II in inducing vasoconstriction. PKC-alpha/betaII is probably the PKC isoform involved in this synergistic action. Nitric oxide produced in the endothelium probably masks this synergistic action. The long-lasting vasoconstriction induced by hU-II alone is PKC dependent and associated with PKC-theta phosphorylation.
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MESH Headings
- Angiotensin II/metabolism
- Animals
- Cells, Cultured
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Male
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/physiology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/physiology
- Phosphorylation/drug effects
- Protein Kinase C
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Signal Transduction/physiology
- Urotensins/administration & dosage
- Urotensins/metabolism
- Vasoconstriction/drug effects
- Vasoconstriction/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Xia Wang
- Dept. of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Fudan Univ. Shanghai Medical College, 138 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
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Boivin S, Guilhaudis L, Milazzo I, Oulyadi H, Davoust D, Fournier A. Characterization of Urotensin-II Receptor Structural Domains Involved in the Recognition of U-II, URP, and Urantide†. Biochemistry 2006; 45:5993-6002. [PMID: 16681371 DOI: 10.1021/bi060190b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Urotensin-II (U-II) and urotensin-II-related peptide (URP) are potent vasoconstrictors, and this action is mediated through a G protein-coupled receptor identified as UT. This receptor is expressed abundantly in the mammalian cardiovasculature, and the effects of U-II and URP can be blocked with urantide, a selective antagonist. Thus, we carried out a study with the aim to characterize the conformational arrangement of the three extracellular loops of UT as well as the transmembrane domains III and IV. Secondary structures of the synthetic receptor fragments were determined using circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy in a variety of solvent and micelle conditions. Spectra showed that all receptor segments but not the extracellular loop I exhibited a propensity for adopting the alpha-helix folding. Furthermore, using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technology, we measured the binding affinities of the ligands, U-II, URP, and urantide toward the UT extracellular segments. SPR data showed that both U-II and URP bind extracellular loops II and III with similar affinities, whereas none of these two ligands were able to interact with the extracellular loop I. Moreover, the binding of urantide was observed only with the second extracellular loop. These results imply that U-II and URP but not urantide would bind to UT according to a common pattern. Also, the correlation of the CD spectral information with the affinity data suggested that the adoption of a helical geometry in UT, by extracellular loops II and III, might be essential for favoring the binding of ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Boivin
- Laboratoire d'Etudes Moléculaires et Pharmacologiques des Peptides (LEMPP), Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université du Québec, INRS - Institut Armand-Frappier 245 boul. Hymus, Pointe-Claire (Montréal), QC, Canada, H9R 1G6
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Foister S, Taylor LL, Feng JJ, Chen WL, Lin A, Cheng FC, Smith AB, Hirschmann R. Design and Synthesis of Potent Cystine-Free Cyclic Hexapeptide Agonists at the Human Urotensin Receptor. Org Lett 2006; 8:1799-802. [PMID: 16623554 DOI: 10.1021/ol060278h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
[structure: see text] Cyclic hexapeptides, incorporating a dipeptide unit in place of the disulfide bond found in urotensin, were prepared and screened at the human urotensin receptor. The bridging dipeptide unit was found to influence dramatically the affinity for the urotensin receptor. Alanyl-N-methylalanyl and alanylprolyl dipeptide bridges failed to afford active ligands, while the alanyl-alanyl unit yielded a ligand with submicromolar affinity for the urotensin receptor. Further development led to a hexapeptide agonist with nanomolar affinity (2.8 nM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shane Foister
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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Tostivint H, Joly L, Lihrmann I, Parmentier C, Lebon A, Morisson M, Calas A, Ekker M, Vaudry H. Comparative genomics provides evidence for close evolutionary relationships between the urotensin II and somatostatin gene families. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006; 103:2237-42. [PMID: 16467151 PMCID: PMC1413727 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0510700103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although urotensin II (UII) and somatostatin 1 (SS1) exhibit some structural similarities, their precursors do not show any appreciable sequence identity and, thus, it is widely accepted that the UII and SS1 genes do not derive from a common ancestral gene. The recent characterization of novel isoforms of these two peptides, namely urotensin II-related peptide (URP) and somatostatin 2 (SS2)/cortistatin (CST), provides new opportunity to revisit the phylogenetic relationships of UII and SS1 using a comparative genomics approach. In the present study, by radiation hybrid mapping and in silico sequence analysis, we have determined the chromosomal localization of the genes encoding UII- and somatostatin-related peptides in several vertebrate species, including human, chicken, and zebrafish. In most of the species investigated, the UII and URP genes are closely linked to the SS2/CST and SS1 genes, respectively. We also found that the UII-SS2/CST locus and the URP/SS1 locus are paralogous. Taken together, these data indicate that the UII and URP genes, on the one hand, and the SS1 and SS2/CST genes, on the other hand, arose through a segmental duplication of two ancestral genes that were already physically linked to each other. Our results also suggest that these two genes arose themselves through a tandem duplication of a single ancestral gene. It thus appears that the genes encoding UII- and somatostatin-related peptides belong to the same superfamily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hervé Tostivint
- *Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité 413, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neuroendocrinology, European Institute for Peptide Research, University of Rouen, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Lucille Joly
- Center for Advanced Research in Environmental Genomics, Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Isabelle Lihrmann
- *Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité 413, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neuroendocrinology, European Institute for Peptide Research, University of Rouen, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Caroline Parmentier
- Laboratoire de Neurobiologie des Signaux Intercellulaires, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixte Recherche 7101, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 75252 Paris, France; and
| | - Alexis Lebon
- *Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité 413, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neuroendocrinology, European Institute for Peptide Research, University of Rouen, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Mireille Morisson
- Laboratoire de Génétique Cellulaire, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - André Calas
- Laboratoire de Neurobiologie des Signaux Intercellulaires, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixte Recherche 7101, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 75252 Paris, France; and
| | - Marc Ekker
- Center for Advanced Research in Environmental Genomics, Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Hubert Vaudry
- *Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité 413, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neuroendocrinology, European Institute for Peptide Research, University of Rouen, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
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Balment RJ, Song W, Ashton N. Urotensin II: Ancient Hormone with New Functions in Vertebrate Body Fluid Regulation. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2006; 1040:66-73. [PMID: 15891007 DOI: 10.1196/annals.1327.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Urotensin II (UII), described in many fish species, is secreted by the caudal neurosecretory system, a unique fish neuroendocrine structure. We have examined UII secretion and its control in euryhaline fish, supporting a proposed role in osmoregulation. However, it is now apparent that UII is present in other vertebrates, including mammals. The 12-amino-acid peptide has been highly conserved and the key cyclic region is common from fish to humans. Our UII radioimmunoassay for flounder, directed to this cyclic region, has shown circulating UII levels in humans and rats comparable with those in fish. In mammals, UII cardiovascular effects vary between species, with vasoconstriction only evident in specific vascular beds. The kidney expresses UII receptors and responds to UII administration by a reduction in glomerular filtration rate, urine flow, and excretion of the major ions. Interestingly, plasma levels of UII are chronically elevated in rat models of hypertension. These observations imply an unforeseen role for this ancient fish hormone in the physiological and perhaps pathophysiological regulation of body fluids in higher vertebrates, including humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Balment
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, UK.
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42
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Lavecchia A, Cosconati S, Novellino E. Architecture of the Human Urotensin II Receptor: Comparison of the Binding Domains of Peptide and Non-Peptide Urotensin II Agonists. J Med Chem 2005; 48:2480-92. [PMID: 15801838 DOI: 10.1021/jm049110x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The human urotensin II receptor (h-UTR) is a member of the family of rhodopsin-like G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) involved in the modulation of the functionality of many tissues and organs. Recently the urotensin-II (UII) neuropeptide, which is a potent vasoconstrictor in mammals and it is postulated to play a central role in cardiovascular homeostasis, has been identified as an agonist of the UII receptor. To elucidate the receptor's molecular recognition, a h-UTR model was constructed by homology modeling using the 2.6 A crystal structure of bovine rhodopsin as a template and subsequently refined by molecular dynamics simulations. The molecular recognition of h-UTR was probed by automated docking of P5U, a potent UII peptide agonist, as well as of the non-peptide compounds 1-4. We believe that this new model of the h-UTR provides the means for understanding the ligand's potency and for facilitating the design of novel and more potent UII ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Lavecchia
- Dipartimento di Chimica Farmaceutica e Tossicologica, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy.
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Evans DH, Piermarini PM, Choe KP. The Multifunctional Fish Gill: Dominant Site of Gas Exchange, Osmoregulation, Acid-Base Regulation, and Excretion of Nitrogenous Waste. Physiol Rev 2005; 85:97-177. [PMID: 15618479 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00050.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1559] [Impact Index Per Article: 82.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The fish gill is a multipurpose organ that, in addition to providing for aquatic gas exchange, plays dominant roles in osmotic and ionic regulation, acid-base regulation, and excretion of nitrogenous wastes. Thus, despite the fact that all fish groups have functional kidneys, the gill epithelium is the site of many processes that are mediated by renal epithelia in terrestrial vertebrates. Indeed, many of the pathways that mediate these processes in mammalian renal epithelial are expressed in the gill, and many of the extrinsic and intrinsic modulators of these processes are also found in fish endocrine tissues and the gill itself. The basic patterns of gill physiology were outlined over a half century ago, but modern immunological and molecular techniques are bringing new insights into this complicated system. Nevertheless, substantial questions about the evolution of these mechanisms and control remain.
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Affiliation(s)
- David H Evans
- Department of Zoology, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611, USA.
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Gong H, Wang YX, Zhu YZ, Wang WW, Wang MJ, Yao T, Zhu YC. Cellular distribution of GPR14 and the positive inotropic role of urotensin II in the myocardium in adult rat. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2004; 97:2228-35. [PMID: 15273242 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00540.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Urotensin II is a cyclic neuropeptide recently shown to play a role via its receptor GPR14 in regulating vascular tone in the mammalian cardiovascular system. The existence of GPR14 in rat heart has been validated by ligand binding assay and RT-PCR. In the present study, we investigated the cellular distribution of GPR14 protein in rat heart by using immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopic immunofluorescence double staining with antipeptide polyclonal antibodies against GPR14 and cell type markers for myocytes and endothelial cells. The direct effect of urotensin II on left ventricular contractility was further evaluated in isolated left ventricular papillary muscles of the rat. In paraffin-embedded heart sections, positive immunohistochemical staining was observed in the left ventricle but not in the right ventricle and atria. Immunofluorescence double staining revealed the cardiac myocyte as the only cell type expressing GPR14 protein in frozen heart sections as well as in isolated cardiac myocytes. There was no visible signal for GPR14 in intramyocardial coronary arteries and capillaries. The existence of GPR14 protein in rat heart was further validated by immunoprecipitation and Western blot analysis. In isolated rat left ventricular papillary muscle preparations, urotensin II induced an increase in active contractile force. GPR14 mRNA was also detected in rat heart by RT-PCR. These data provide the first direct evidence for the cellular localization of GPR14 receptor protein and a positive inotropic effect of urotensin II in normal rat heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Gong
- Dept. of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine of The Ministry of Education, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
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Abstract
Urotensin II (UII) has been found to be a potent vasoactive peptide in humans and in a number of relevant animal models of cardiovascular disease such as the mouse, rat and other non-human primates. This peptide with structural homology to somatostatin was first isolated from the urophysis of fish and was recently found to bind to an orphan receptor in mouse and human. Initially found to have potent vasoconstrictive activities in a variety of vessels from diverse species, it has also been shown to exert vasodilatation in certain vessels in the rat and human by various endothelium-dependent mechanisms. The various vasoactive properties of UII suggest that the peptide may have a physiological role in maintaining vascular tone and therefore may have a role in the pathophysiology of a number of human diseases such as heart failure. Moreover, UII has also been implicated as a mitogen of vascular smooth muscle cells suggesting a deleterious role in atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease. In addition, there is evidence to demonstrate that UII has multiple metabolic effects on cholesterol metabolism, glycemic control and hypertension and therefore may be implicated in the development of insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Thanassoulis
- Department of Medicine, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University Health Center, 1650 Cedar Avenue, Suite L3-109, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1A4, Canada
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Mori M, Fujino M. Urotensin II-related peptide, the endogenous ligand for the urotensin II receptor in the rat brain. Peptides 2004; 25:1815-8. [PMID: 15476951 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2004.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2004] [Accepted: 06/02/2004] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Urotensin II (UII) is a piscine neuropeptide originally isolated from the teleost urophysis. The existence of UII in mammals has been demonstrated by cloning of the mammalian orthologs of UII precursor protein genes. While rat and mouse orthologs have been reported, only the tentative structures of UII peptides of these animals have been demonstrated, since prepro-UII proteins lack the typical processing sites in the amino-terminal region of the mature peptides. A novel peptide, UII-related peptide (URP), was discovered by monitoring UII-immunoreactivity in the rat brain, and its amino acid sequence was determined to be ACFWKYCV. cDNAs encoding rat, mouse, and human precursor proteins for URP were cloned and showed that the sequences of mouse and human URP peptides are identical to that for rat URP. URP was found to bind and activate the human or rat urotensin II receptors [GPR14, UT receptor (UTR)] and showed a hypotensive effect when administrated to anesthetized rats. The prepro-URP gene is expressed in several rat tissues, although with lower levels than the prepro-UII gene and, in the human, is expressed comparably to prepro-UII in several tissues except the spinal cord. These results suggest that URP is the endogenous and functional ligand for urotensin II receptor in the rat and mouse, and possibly in the human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Mori
- Discovery Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Chemical Industries Ltd., Wadai 10, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-4293, Japan.
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Watson AMD, May CN. Urotensin II, a novel peptide in central and peripheral cardiovascular control. Peptides 2004; 25:1759-66. [PMID: 15476943 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2004.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2004] [Accepted: 04/15/2004] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Urotensin II (UII) is a peptide that was originally isolated and characterized in fish. Interest in its effects in mammals increased with the identification of its receptor, G-protein coupled receptor 14, and its localization in humans. UII and its receptor have a wide distribution, including brain and spinal cord as well as heart, kidney and liver, implying that UII has important physiological actions. Recent studies suggest that UII may play an important role in the central nervous system. In conscious sheep, intracerebroventricular administration of UII induced large, prolonged increases in plasma epinephrine, adrenocorticotropic hormone, cardiac output and arterial pressure. Potent chronotropic and inotropic actions accompanied this, as well as peripheral vasodilatation. Administered intravenously, UII is an extremely potent vasoconstrictor in anesthetized monkeys, but reduces pressure in conscious and anesthetized rats, and causes a transient increase in conscious sheep, however vasomotor responses vary depending on species and vessel type. UII is elevated in conditions such as essential hypertension and heart failure suggesting a role in pathology. The results of studies with UII to date, together with its possible role in disease, emphasize the importance of examining the central and peripheral roles of UII in more detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M D Watson
- Howard Florey Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic. 3010, Australia
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Chatenet D, Dubessy C, Leprince J, Boularan C, Carlier L, Ségalas-Milazzo I, Guilhaudis L, Oulyadi H, Davoust D, Scalbert E, Pfeiffer B, Renard P, Tonon MC, Lihrmann I, Pacaud P, Vaudry H. Structure-activity relationships and structural conformation of a novel urotensin II-related peptide. Peptides 2004; 25:1819-30. [PMID: 15476952 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2004.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2004] [Accepted: 04/23/2004] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Urotensin II (UII) has been described as the most potent vasoconstrictor peptide and recognized as the endogenous ligand of the orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPR14. Recently, a UII-related peptide (URP) has been isolated from the rat brain and its sequence has been established as H-Ala-Cys-Phe-Trp-Lys-Tyr-Cys-Val-OH. In order to study the structure-function relationships of URP, we have synthesized a series of URP analogs and measured their binding affinity on hGPR14-transfected cells and their contractile activity in a rat aortic ring bioassay. Alanine substitution of each residue of URP significantly reduced the binding affinity and the contractile activity of the peptides, except for the Ala8-substituted analog that retained biological activity. Most importantly, D-scan of URP revealed that [D-Trp4]URP abrogated and [D-Tyr6]URP partially suppressed the UII-evoked contractile response. [Orn5]URP, which had very low agonistic efficacy, was the most potent antagonist in this series. The solution structure of URP has been determined by 1H NMR spectroscopy and molecular dynamics. URP exhibited a single conformation characterized by an inverse gamma-turn comprising residues Trp-Lys-Tyr which plays a crucial role in the biological activity of URP. These pharmacological and structural data should prove useful for the rational design of non-peptide ligands as potential GPR14 agonists and antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Chatenet
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neuroendocrinology, European Institute for Peptide Research (IFRMP 23), INSERM U413, UA CNRS, University of Rouen, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
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Abstract
Urotensin-II (UII) is a highly potent endogenous peptide within the cardiovascular system. Through stimulation of Galphaq-coupled UT receptors, UII mediates contraction of vascular smooth muscle and endothelial-dependent vasorelaxation, and positive inotropy in human right atrium and ventricle. A pathogenic role of the UT receptor system is emerging in cardiovascular disease states, with evidence for up-regulation of the UT receptor system in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF), pulmonary hypertension, cirrhosis and portal hypertension, and chronic renal failure. In vitro and in vivo studies show that under pathophysiological conditions, UII might contribute to cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, extracellular matrix production, enhanced vasoconstriction, vascular smooth muscle cell hyperplasia, and endothelial cell hyper-permeability. Single nucleotide polymorphisms of the UII gene may also impart a genetic predisposition of patients to diabetes. Therefore, the UT receptor system is a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of cardiac, pulmonary, and renal diseases. UT receptor antagonists are currently being developed to prevent and/or reverse the effects of over-activated UT receptors by the endogenous ligand. This review describes UII peptide and converting enzymes, and UT receptors in the cardiovascular system, focusing on pathophysiological roles of UII in the heart and blood vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fraser D Russell
- Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, The Prince Charles Hospital, Pathology Building, Rode Road, Ground Floor, Room 3, Chermside 4032, Queensland, Australia.
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Douglas SA, Naselsky D, Ao Z, Disa J, Herold CL, Lynch F, Aiyar NV. Identification and pharmacological characterization of native, functional human urotensin-II receptors in rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines. Br J Pharmacol 2004; 142:921-32. [PMID: 15210573 PMCID: PMC1575108 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0705743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
1 In an effort to identify endogenous, native mammalian urotensin-II (U-II) receptors (UT), a diverse range of human, primate and rodent cell lines (49 in total) were screened for the presence of detectable [125I]hU-II binding sites. 2 UT mRNA (Northern blot, PCR) and protein (immunocytochemistry) were evident in human skeletal muscle tissue and cells. 3 [(125)I]hU-II bound to a homogenous population of high-affinity, saturable (Kd 67.0+/-11.8 pm, Bmax 9687+/-843 sites cell(-1)) receptors in the skeletal muscle (rhabdomyosarcoma) cell line SJRH30. Radiolabel was characteristically slow to dissociate (< or =15% dissociation 90 min). A lower density of high-affinity U-II binding sites was also evident in the rhabdomyosarcoma cell line TE671 (1667+/-165 sites cell(-1), Kd 74+/-8 pm). 4 Consistent with the profile recorded in human recombinant UT-HEK293 cells, [125I]hU-II binding to SJRH30 cells was selectively displaced by both mammalian and fish U-II isopeptides (Kis 0.5+/-0.1-1.2+/-0.3 nm) and related analogues (hU-II[4-11]>[Cys(5,10)]Acm hU-II; Kis 0.4+/-0.1 and 864+/-193 nm, respectively). 5 U-II receptor activation was functionally coupled to phospholipase C-mediated [Ca2+]i mobilization (EC50 6.9+/-2.2 nm) in SJRH30 cells. 6 The present study is the first to identify the presence of 'endogenous' U-II receptors in SJRH30 and TE671 cells. SJRH30 cells, in particular, might prove to be of utility for (a) investigating the pharmacological properties of hU-II and related small molecule antagonists at native human UT and (b) delineating the role of this neuropeptide in the (patho)physiological regulation of mammalian neuromuscular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen A Douglas
- Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis, Cardiovascular and Urogenital Center of Excellence for Drug Discovery, GlaxoSmithKline, King of Prussia, PA 19406, USA.
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