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Fang K, Zhang H, Kong Q, Ma Y, Xiong T, Qin T, Li S, Zhu X. Recent Progress in Photothermal, Photodynamic and Sonodynamic Cancer Therapy: Through the cGAS-STING Pathway to Efficacy-Enhancing Strategies. Molecules 2024; 29:3704. [PMID: 39125107 PMCID: PMC11314065 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29153704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Photothermal, photodynamic and sonodynamic cancer therapies offer opportunities for precise tumor ablation and reduce side effects. The cyclic guanylate adenylate synthase-stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS-STING) pathway has been considered a potential target to stimulate the immune system in patients and achieve a sustained immune response. Combining photothermal, photodynamic and sonodynamic therapies with cGAS-STING agonists represents a newly developed cancer treatment demonstrating noticeable innovation in its impact on the immune system. Recent reviews have concentrated on diverse materials and their function in cancer therapy. In this review, we focus on the molecular mechanism of photothermal, photodynamic and sonodynamic cancer therapies and the connected role of cGAS-STING agonists in treating cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelan Fang
- Guizhou Provincial College-Based Key Lab for Tumor Prevention and Treatment with Distinctive Medicines, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- College of Basic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Huiling Zhang
- Guizhou Provincial College-Based Key Lab for Tumor Prevention and Treatment with Distinctive Medicines, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- Department of Medicine and Pharmacy, Shizhen College of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550000, China
| | - Qinghong Kong
- Guizhou Provincial College-Based Key Lab for Tumor Prevention and Treatment with Distinctive Medicines, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- College of Basic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Yunli Ma
- Guizhou Provincial College-Based Key Lab for Tumor Prevention and Treatment with Distinctive Medicines, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Tianchan Xiong
- Guizhou Provincial College-Based Key Lab for Tumor Prevention and Treatment with Distinctive Medicines, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- College of Basic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Tengyao Qin
- Guizhou Provincial College-Based Key Lab for Tumor Prevention and Treatment with Distinctive Medicines, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- College of Basic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Sanhua Li
- Guizhou Provincial College-Based Key Lab for Tumor Prevention and Treatment with Distinctive Medicines, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- College of Basic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Xinting Zhu
- Guizhou Provincial College-Based Key Lab for Tumor Prevention and Treatment with Distinctive Medicines, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- College of Basic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
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2
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Guo Y, Li B, Xie H, Wu C, Wang G, Yao K, Li L. The therapeutic efficacy of different configuration nano-polydopamine drug carrier systems with photothermal synergy against head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Regen Biomater 2024; 11:rbae073. [PMID: 39027362 PMCID: PMC11256922 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbae073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common malignant tumor worldwide. Considering its special anatomical site and the progressive resistance to chemotherapy drugs, the development of more effective, minimally invasive and precise treatment methods is urgently needed. Nanomaterials, given their special properties, can be used as drug carrier systems to improve the therapeutic effect and reduce the adverse effects. The drug carrier systems with photothermal effect can promote the killing of cancer cells and help overcome drug resistance through heat stress. We selected dopamine, a simple raw material, and designed and synthesized three different configurations of nano-polydopamine (nPDA) nanomaterials, including nPDA balls, nPDA plates and porous nPDA balls. In addition to the self-polymerization and self-assembly, nPDA has high photothermal conversion efficiency and can be easily modified. Moreover, we loaded cisplatin into three different configurations of nPDA, creating nPDA-cis (the nano-drug carrier system with cisplatin), and comparatively studied the properties and antitumor effects of all the nPDA and nPDA-cis materials in vitro and nPDA-cis in vivo. We found that the photothermal effect of the nPDA-cis balls drug carrier system had synergistic effect with cisplatin, resulting in excellent antitumor effect and good clinical application prospects. The comparison of the three different configurations of drug carrier systems suggested the importance of optimizing the spatial configuration design and examining the physical and chemical properties in the future development of nano-drug carrier systems. In this study, we also noted the duality and complexity of the influences of heat stress on tumors in vitro and in vivo. The specific mechanisms and the synergy with chemotherapy and immunotherapy will be an important research direction in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041,China
- Department of Stomatology, Xinqiao Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037,China
| | - Bo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041,China
- Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041,China
| | - Huixu Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041,China
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041,China
| | - Chenzhou Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041,China
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041,China
| | - Guixue Wang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044,China
| | - Kexin Yao
- Multi-Scale Porous Materials Center, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044,China
| | - Longjiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041,China
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041,China
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Lukácsi S, Munkácsy G, Győrffy B. Harnessing Hyperthermia: Molecular, Cellular, and Immunological Insights for Enhanced Anticancer Therapies. Integr Cancer Ther 2024; 23:15347354241242094. [PMID: 38818970 PMCID: PMC11143831 DOI: 10.1177/15347354241242094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Hyperthermia, the raising of tumor temperature (≥39°C), holds great promise as an adjuvant treatment for cancer therapy. This review focuses on 2 key aspects of hyperthermia: its molecular and cellular effects and its impact on the immune system. Hyperthermia has profound effects on critical biological processes. Increased temperatures inhibit DNA repair enzymes, making cancer cells more sensitive to chemotherapy and radiation. Elevated temperatures also induce cell cycle arrest and trigger apoptotic pathways. Furthermore, hyperthermia modifies the expression of heat shock proteins, which play vital roles in cancer therapy, including enhancing immune responses. Hyperthermic treatments also have a significant impact on the body's immune response against tumors, potentially improving the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Mild systemic hyperthermia (39°C-41°C) mimics fever, activating immune cells and raising metabolic rates. Intense heat above 50°C can release tumor antigens, enhancing immune reactions. Using photothermal nanoparticles for targeted heating and drug delivery can also modulate the immune response. Hyperthermia emerges as a cost-effective and well-tolerated adjuvant therapy when integrated with immunotherapy. This comprehensive review serves as a valuable resource for the selection of patient-specific treatments and the guidance of future experimental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szilvia Lukácsi
- HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
- Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gyöngyi Munkácsy
- HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
- Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balázs Győrffy
- HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
- Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- National Laboratory for Drug Research and Development, Budapest, Hungary
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Niu Y, Wu J, Kang Y, Sun P, Xiao Z, Zhao D. Recent advances of magnetic chitosan hydrogel: Preparation, properties and applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 247:125722. [PMID: 37419264 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic chitosan hydrogels are organic-inorganic composite material with the characteristics of both magnetic materials and natural polysaccharides. Due to its biocompatibility, low toxicity and biodegradability, chitosan, a natural polymer has been widely used for preparing magnetic hydrogels. The addition of magnetic nanoparticles to chitosan hydrogels not only improves their mechanical strength, but also endows them with magnetic thermal effects, targeting capabilities, magnetically-sensitive release characteristics, easy separation and recovery, thus enabling them to be used in various applications including drug delivery, magnetic resonance imaging, magnetothermal therapy, and adsorption of heavy metals and dyes. In this review, the physical and chemical crosslinking methods of chitosan hydrogels and the methods for binding magnetic nanoparticles in hydrogel networks are first introduced. Subsequently, the properties of magnetic chitosan hydrogels were summarized including mechanical properties, self-healing, pH responsiveness and properties in magnetic fields. Finally, the potential for further technological and applicative advancements of magnetic chitosan hydrogels is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunwei Niu
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, No. 100 Haiquan Road, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Jiahe Wu
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, No. 100 Haiquan Road, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Yanxiang Kang
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, No. 100 Haiquan Road, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Pingli Sun
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, No. 100 Haiquan Road, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Zuobing Xiao
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, No. 100 Haiquan Road, Shanghai 201418, China; School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Di Zhao
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, No. 100 Haiquan Road, Shanghai 201418, China.
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5
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Chiang CF, Wang ZZ, Hsu YH, Miaw SC, Lin WL. Exercise improves the outcome of anticancer treatment with ultrasound-hyperthermia-enhanced nanochemotherapy and autophagy inhibitor. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288380. [PMID: 37437011 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been shown that exercise has a direct impact on tumor growth along with functional improvement. Previous studies have shown that exercise decreases the risk of cancer recurrence across various types of cancer. It was indicated that exercise stimulates the immune system to fight cancer. Previous study demonstrated that pulsed-wave ultrasound hyperthermia (pUH) combined with PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) and chloroquine (CQ) inhibits 4T1 tumors growth and delays their recurrence. In this study, we investigated if the combinatorial treatment with high-intensity interval training (HIIT) combined with pUH-enhanced PLD delivery and CQ improved the outcome. The mouse experiment composed of three groups, HIIT+PLD+pUH+CQ group, PLD+pUH+CQ group, and the control group. HIIT+PLD+pUH+CQ group received 6 weeks of HIIT (15 min per day, 5 days per week) before 4T1 tumor implantation. Seven days later, they received therapy with PLD (10 mg/kg) + pUH (3 MHz, 50% duty cycle, 0.65 W/cm2, 15min) + CQ (50 mg/kg daily). Results showed that HIIT+PLD+pUH+CQ significantly reduced the tumor volumes and brought about longer survival of tumor-bearing mice than PLD+pUH+CQ did. Blood cell components were analyzed and showed that neutrophil and reticulocytes decreased while lymphocytes increased after exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Feng Chiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Zi-Zong Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hone Hsu
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shi-Chuen Miaw
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Win-Li Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan Town, Miaoli, Taiwan
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Kim J, Cho H, Lim DK, Joo MK, Kim K. Perspectives for Improving the Tumor Targeting of Nanomedicine via the EPR Effect in Clinical Tumors. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10082. [PMID: 37373227 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past few decades, the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect of nanomedicine has been a crucial phenomenon in targeted cancer therapy. Specifically, understanding the EPR effect has been a significant aspect of delivering anticancer agents efficiently to targeted tumors. Although the therapeutic effect has been demonstrated in experimental models using mouse xenografts, the clinical translation of the EPR effect of nanomedicine faces several challenges due to dense extracellular matrix (ECM), high interstitial fluid pressure (IFP) levels, and other factors that arise from tumor heterogeneity and complexity. Therefore, understanding the mechanism of the EPR effect of nanomedicine in clinics is essential to overcome the hurdles of the clinical translation of nanomedicine. This paper introduces the basic mechanism of the EPR effect of nanomedicine, the recently discussed challenges of the EPR effect of nanomedicine, and various strategies of recent nanomedicine to overcome the limitations expected from the patients' tumor microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinseong Kim
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Woman's University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanhee Cho
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Woman's University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Kwon Lim
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kyung Joo
- Noxpharm Co., Ltd., #518, 150, Bugahyeon-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03759, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangmeyung Kim
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Woman's University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
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Comparative transcriptome analysis of differentially expressed genes and pathways in Procambarus clarkii (Louisiana crawfish) at different acute temperature stress. Genomics 2022; 114:110415. [PMID: 35718088 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2022.110415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Procambarus clarkii is an important economic species in China, and exhibit heat and cold tolerance in the main culture regions. To understand the mechanisms, we analyzed the hepatopancreas transcriptome of P. clarkii treated at 10 °C, 25 °C, and 30 °C, then 2092 DEGs and 6929 DEGs were found in 30 °C stress group and 10 °C stress group, respectively. KEGG pathway enrichment results showed that immune pathway is the main stress pathway for 10 °C treatment and metabolic pathway is the main response pathway for 30 °C treatment, which implies low temperature stress induces the damage of the immune system and increases the susceptibility of bacteria while the body response to high temperature stress through metabolic adjustment. In addition, flow cytometry proved that both high and low temperature stress caused different degrees of apoptosis of hemocytes, and dynamic transcription heat map analysis also identified the differential expression of HSPs family genes and apoptosis pathway genes under different heat stresses. This indicates that preventing damaged protein misfolding and accelerating cell apoptosis are necessary mechanisms for P. clarkii to cope with high and low temperature stress. Our research has deepened our understanding of the complex molecular mechanisms of P. clarkii in response to acute temperature stress, and provided a potential strategy for aquatic animals to relieve environmental duress.
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8
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Lerner EC, Edwards RM, Wilkinson DS, Fecci PE. Laser ablation: Heating up the anti-tumor response in the intracranial compartment. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 185:114311. [PMID: 35489652 PMCID: PMC10589123 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapies, such as immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI), have had limited success in treating intracranial malignancies. These failures are due partly to the restrictive blood-brain-barrier (BBB), the profound tumor-dependent induction of local and systemic immunosuppression, and immune evasion exhibited by these tumors. Therefore, novel approaches must be explored that aim to overcome these stringent barriers. LITT is an emerging treatment for brain tumors that utilizes thermal ablation to kill tumor cells. LITT provides an additional therapeutic benefit by synergizing with ICI and systemic chemotherapies to strengthen the anti-tumor immune response. This synergistic relationship involves transient disruption of the BBB and local augmentation of immune function, culminating in increased CNS drug penetrance and improved anti-tumor immunity. In this review, we will provide an overview of the challenges facing immunotherapy for brain tumors, and discuss how LITT may synergize with the endogenous anti-tumor response to improve the efficacy of ICI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily C Lerner
- Duke Medical School, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Ryan M Edwards
- Duke Medical School, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Daniel S Wilkinson
- Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center at Duke, Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Peter E Fecci
- Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center at Duke, Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States.
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Vilaplana-Lopera N, Besh M, Moon EJ. Targeting Hypoxia: Revival of Old Remedies. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1604. [PMID: 34827602 PMCID: PMC8615589 DOI: 10.3390/biom11111604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumour hypoxia is significantly correlated with patient survival and treatment outcomes. At the molecular level, hypoxia is a major driving factor for tumour progression and aggressiveness. Despite the accumulative scientific and clinical efforts to target hypoxia, there is still a need to find specific treatments for tumour hypoxia. In this review, we discuss a variety of approaches to alter the low oxygen tumour microenvironment or hypoxia pathways including carbogen breathing, hyperthermia, hypoxia-activated prodrugs, tumour metabolism and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) inhibitors. The recent advances in technology and biological understanding reveal the importance of revisiting old therapeutic regimens and repurposing their uses clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Eui Jung Moon
- Department of Oncology, MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Headington OX3 7DQ, UK; (N.V.-L.); (M.B.)
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10
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Pan J, Xu Y, Wu Q, Hu P, Shi J. Mild Magnetic Hyperthermia-Activated Innate Immunity for Liver Cancer Therapy. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:8116-8128. [PMID: 33928777 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c02537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic hyperthermia therapy (MHT) is noninvasive and features excellent tissue penetration for deep-seated tumors, but unfortunately, it suffers the low therapeutic efficacy due to the limited magneto-thermal efficiency and insufficient intratumor accumulation of conventional intravenous-injected magnetic nanoparticles, which are actually mostly sequestered by the mononuclear phagocyte system, especially the liver. Such a disadvantageous characteristic of preferential liver uptake is here exploited, for the first time as far as we know, to treat orthotopic liver cancer by mild MHT using specially designed composite magnetic nanoparticles. A kind of core-shell-structured and Zn2+-doped Zn-CoFe2O4@Zn-MnFe2O4 superparamagnetic nanoparticles (ZCMF) has been synthesized which exhibits excellent and highly controllable magnetic hyperthermia performance owing to an exchange-coupled magnetism between the core and shell, and Zn2+ doping. The controllable mild MHT at 43-44 °C based on ZCMF demonstrates almost complete inhibition of liver cancer cell proliferation and tumor growth, which is associated with the suppression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) expression. More importantly, the mild MHT-treated liver cancer cells are capable of activating natural killer (NK) cells by dramatically upregulating the expression of UL16-binding proteins (ULBPs), ligands of natural killer group 2 member D (NKG2D). As a result, the growth of both xenograft tumors and orthotopic liver tumors were almost completely suppressed under mild MHT via induced NK-cell-related antitumor immunity in vivo. This work not only evidences the great potential of mild MHT but also reveals the underlying immunity activation mechanism in liver cancer treatment by mild MHT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiong Pan
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructures, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, PR China.,School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Yingying Xu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructures, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, PR China.,School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, PR China
| | - Qingsheng Wu
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Ping Hu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructures, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, PR China
| | - Jianlin Shi
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructures, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, PR China
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11
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Huang D, Sun L, Huang L, Chen Y. Nanodrug Delivery Systems Modulate Tumor Vessels to Increase the Enhanced Permeability and Retention Effect. J Pers Med 2021; 11:124. [PMID: 33672813 PMCID: PMC7917988 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11020124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of nanomedicine for antitumor therapy has been extensively investigated for a long time. Enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect-mediated drug delivery is currently regarded as an effective way to bring drugs to tumors, especially macromolecular drugs and drug-loaded pharmaceutical nanocarriers. However, a disordered vessel network, and occluded or embolized tumor blood vessels seriously limit the EPR effect. To augment the EPR effect and improve curative effects, in this review, we focused on the perspective of tumor blood vessels, and analyzed the relationship among abnormal angiogenesis, abnormal vascular structure, irregular blood flow, extensive permeability of tumor vessels, and the EPR effect. In this commentary, nanoparticles including liposomes, micelles, and polymers extravasate through the tumor vasculature, which are based on modulating tumor vessels, to increase the EPR effect, thereby increasing their therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; (D.H.); (L.S.)
- Engineering Research Centre of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Lingna Sun
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; (D.H.); (L.S.)
- Engineering Research Centre of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Leaf Huang
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
| | - Yanzuo Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; (D.H.); (L.S.)
- Engineering Research Centre of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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13
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Li W, Luo S, Wan C. Characterization of fever and sickness behavior regulated by cytokines during infection. BEHAVIOUR 2020. [DOI: 10.1163/1568539x-bja10028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In response to invasion of pathogens, hosts present fever and a series of behavioural changes including reduced grooming, reduction of foraging, decreased locomotion, withdrawing from social activities and reproductive process, which are collectively termed sickness behaviour. Fever as well as sickness behaviour are adaptive and benefit the host to reduce pathology caused by infections and opportunity costs for time away from foraging, reproduction and predator avoidance. Antipathogenic fever and sickness behaviour are mediated proximately by cytokines including pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Pro-inflammation cytokines trigger these sickness responses, while anti-inflammatory cytokines constrain these responses and prevent damage to host from exaggerated responses. The present study reviews the characterization of fever and sickness behaviour regulated by cytokines during infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiran Li
- aDepartment of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, No 20, 3rd section of Renmin South Road, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
- bKey Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
| | - Shuanghong Luo
- aDepartment of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, No 20, 3rd section of Renmin South Road, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
- bKey Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
| | - Chaomin Wan
- aDepartment of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, No 20, 3rd section of Renmin South Road, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
- bKey Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
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14
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Vicente‐Ruiz S, Serrano‐Martí A, Armiñán A, Vicent MJ. Nanomedicine for the Treatment of Advanced Prostate Cancer. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202000136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Vicente‐Ruiz
- Polymer Therapeutics Laboratory Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe Av. Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3 Valencia 46012 Spain
| | - Antoni Serrano‐Martí
- Polymer Therapeutics Laboratory Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe Av. Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3 Valencia 46012 Spain
| | - Ana Armiñán
- Polymer Therapeutics Laboratory Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe Av. Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3 Valencia 46012 Spain
| | - María J. Vicent
- Polymer Therapeutics Laboratory Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe Av. Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3 Valencia 46012 Spain
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15
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Duval KEA, Petryk JD, Crary-Burney MA, Demidenko E, Wagner RJ, Hoopes PJ. mNP hyperthermia and hypofractionated radiation activate similar immunogenetic and cytotoxic pathways. Int J Hyperthermia 2020; 37:929-937. [PMID: 32757666 PMCID: PMC10795105 DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2020.1802070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The goal of this study is to better understand the immunogenetic expression and related cytotoxic responses of moderate but clinically relevant doses of hypofractionated radiation (1x15 Gy and 3x8 Gy) and magnetic nanoparticle hyperthermia (mNPH, CEM43 30). METHODS Genetic, protein, immunopathology and tumor growth delay assessments were used to determine the immune and cytotoxic responses following radiation and mNPH alone and in combination. Although the thermal dose used, 43 C°/30 min (CEM43 30), typically results in modest independent cytotoxicity, it has shown the ability to stimulate an immune response and enhance other cancer treatments. The radiation doses studied (15 Gy and 3x8 Gy) are commonly used in preclinical research and are effective in selected stereotactic and palliative treatment settings, however they are not commonly used as first-line primary tumor treatment regimens. RESULTS Our RNA-based genetic results suggest that while many of the cytotoxic and immune gene and protein pathways for radiation and hyperthermia are similar, radiation, at the doses used, results in a more consistent and expansive anti-cancer immune/cytotoxic expression profile. These results were supported by immunohistochemistry based cytotoxic T-cell tumor infiltration and tumor growth delay studies. When used together radiation and hyperthermia led to greater immune and cytotoxic activity than either modality alone. CONCLUSION This study clearly shows that modest, but commonly used hypofractionated radiation and hyperthermia doses share many important immune and cytotoxic pathways and that combining the treatments, as compared to either treatment alone, results in genetic and biological anti-cancer benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - James D. Petryk
- Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | | | | | | | - P. Jack Hoopes
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
- Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
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16
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Duan L, Yang L, Jin J, Yang F, Liu D, Hu K, Wang Q, Yue Y, Gu N. Micro/nano-bubble-assisted ultrasound to enhance the EPR effect and potential theranostic applications. Theranostics 2020; 10:462-483. [PMID: 31903132 PMCID: PMC6929974 DOI: 10.7150/thno.37593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug delivery for tumor theranostics involves the extensive use of the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. Previously, various types of nanomedicines have been demonstrated to accumulate in solid tumors via the EPR effect. However, EPR is a highly variable phenomenon because of tumor heterogeneity, resulting in low drug delivery efficacy in clinical trials. Because ultrasonication using micro/nanobubbles as contrast agents can disrupt blood vessels and enhance the specific delivery of drugs, it is an effective approach to improve the EPR effect for the passive targeting of tumors. In this review, the basic thermal effect, acoustic streaming, and cavitation mechanisms of ultrasound, which are characteristics that can be utilized to enhance the EPR effect, are briefly introduced. Second, micro/nanobubble-enhanced ultrasound imaging is discussed to understand the validity and variability of the EPR effect. Third, because the tumor microenvironment is complicated owing to elevated interstitial fluid pressure and the deregulated extracellular matrix components, which may be unfavorable for the EPR effect, few new trends in smart bubble drug delivery systems, which may improve the accuracy of EPR-mediated passive drug targeting, are summarized. Finally, the challenging and major concerns that should be considered in the next generation of micro/nanobubble-contrast-enhanced ultrasound theranostics for EPR-mediated passive drug targeting are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Duan
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, P. R. China
| | - Li Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, P. R. China
| | - Juan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, P. R. China
| | - Fang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, P. R. China
| | - Dong Liu
- West Anhui University, Lu'an, P.R. China
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, P. R. China
| | - Ke Hu
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, P. R. China
| | - Qinxin Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, P. R. China
| | - Yuanbin Yue
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, P. R. China
| | - Ning Gu
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, P. R. China
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17
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Dhaliwal A, Zheng G. Improving accessibility of EPR-insensitive tumor phenotypes using EPR-adaptive strategies: Designing a new perspective in nanomedicine delivery. Theranostics 2019; 9:8091-8108. [PMID: 31754383 PMCID: PMC6857058 DOI: 10.7150/thno.37204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect has underlain the predominant nanomedicine design philosophy for the past three decades. However, growing evidence suggests that it is over-represented in preclinical models, and agents designed solely using its principle of passive accumulation can only be applied to a narrow subset of clinical tumors. For this reason, strategies that can improve upon the EPR effect to facilitate nanomedicine delivery to otherwise non-responsive tumors are required for broad clinical translation. EPR-adaptive nanomedicine delivery comprises a class of chemical and physical techniques that modify tumor accessibility in an effort to increase agent delivery and therapeutic effect. In the present review, we overview the primary benefits and limitations of radiation, ultrasound, hyperthermia, and photodynamic therapy as physical strategies for EPR-adaptive delivery to EPR-insensitive tumor phenotypes, and we reflect upon changes in the preclinical research pathway that should be implemented in order to optimally validate and develop these delivery strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Dhaliwal
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
- MD/PhD Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Gang Zheng
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
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18
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Mei X, Liu Y, Huang H, Du F, Huang L, Wu J, Li Y, Zhu S, Yang M. Benzothiazole inhibits the growth of Phytophthora capsici through inducing apoptosis and suppressing stress responses and metabolic detoxification. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 154:7-16. [PMID: 30765059 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Benzothiazole (BZO) is an antimicrobial secondary metabolite volatilized by many plants and microbes. However, the mechanism of BZO against phytopathogens is still unclear. Here, we found that BZO has antimicrobial activity against the oomycete pathogen Phytophthora capsici. Transcriptome and proteome analyses demonstrated that BZO significantly suppressed the expression of genes and proteins involved in morphology, abiotic stress defense and detoxification, but induced the activity of apoptosis. Annexin V-FITC/PI staining confirmed that the process of apoptosis was significantly induced by BZO at concentration of 150 mg L-1. FITC-phalloidin actin-cytoskeleton staining combined with hyphal cell wall staining and hyphal ultrastructure studies further confirmed that BZO disrupted the cell membrane and hyphal morphology through disrupting the cytoskeleton, eventually inhibiting the growth of hyphae. These data demonstrated that BZO has multiple modes of action and may act as potential leading compound for the development of new oomycete fungicides. These results also showed that the combination of transcriptomic and proteomic approaches was a useful method for exploring the novel antifungal mechanisms of natural compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Mei
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Yixiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; Key Laboratory for Agro-biodiversity and Pest Control of Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Huichuan Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; Key Laboratory for Agro-biodiversity and Pest Control of Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Fei Du
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; Key Laboratory for Agro-biodiversity and Pest Control of Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Lanlin Huang
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Jiaqing Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; Key Laboratory for Agro-biodiversity and Pest Control of Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Yiwen Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; Key Laboratory for Agro-biodiversity and Pest Control of Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Shusheng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.
| | - Min Yang
- Key Laboratory for Agro-biodiversity and Pest Control of Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.
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19
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Li M, Du C, Guo N, Teng Y, Meng X, Sun H, Li S, Yu P, Galons H. Composition design and medical application of liposomes. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 164:640-653. [PMID: 30640028 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 317] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Liposomes, which possess the properties of nano-scale, biofilm similar structure, excellent biocompatibility, become more and more useful in the drug development as the delivery system. Liposomes are relatively stable, their aqueous phase could contain the hydrophilic drugs and their phospholipid bilayer should localize the lipophilic drugs. Moreover, their surface-modifiable characteristics have really extended the liposomes' application to targeting and environmental sensitive delivery system. In order to make the common liposome more fit the human and animal body's complex environment, the structural variation strategy in the head, tail and bond of lipid molecules have been employed to develop the different functionalized liposomes-based drug delivery system for the localizable relieve and organ/tissue targeting relieve. In this paper, we would like to summarize the recent development on the design and optimization of liposomes, including Long-circulation liposomes, Specific active targeting liposomes, Environmental sensitive liposomes, Multifunctional liposomes, and so on. And the liposome content selection and current status of clinical application are systematically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyuan Li
- China International Science and Technology, Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, Tianjin International Cooperation Research Centre of Food Nutrition/ Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Chunyang Du
- China International Science and Technology, Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, Tianjin International Cooperation Research Centre of Food Nutrition/ Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Na Guo
- China International Science and Technology, Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, Tianjin International Cooperation Research Centre of Food Nutrition/ Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Yuou Teng
- China International Science and Technology, Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, Tianjin International Cooperation Research Centre of Food Nutrition/ Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Xin Meng
- China International Science and Technology, Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, Tianjin International Cooperation Research Centre of Food Nutrition/ Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Hua Sun
- China International Science and Technology, Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, Tianjin International Cooperation Research Centre of Food Nutrition/ Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Shuangshuang Li
- China International Science and Technology, Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, Tianjin International Cooperation Research Centre of Food Nutrition/ Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Peng Yu
- China International Science and Technology, Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, Tianjin International Cooperation Research Centre of Food Nutrition/ Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China.
| | - Hervé Galons
- China International Science and Technology, Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, Tianjin International Cooperation Research Centre of Food Nutrition/ Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China.
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20
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Liao S, Hu X, Liu Z, Lin Y, Liang R, Zhang Y, Li Q, Li Y, Liao X. Synergistic action of microwave-induced mild hyperthermia and paclitaxel in inducing apoptosis in the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:603-615. [PMID: 30655807 PMCID: PMC6313200 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Microwave mild hyperthermia and paclitaxel have been reported to be involved in variety of solid tumors. However, rare related researches have been accomplished via directly killing tumor cells using thermochemotherapy. In order to clarify the potential synergy between microwave-induced hyperthermia at temperatures <41°C and paclitaxel chemotherapy for inhibiting the growth of the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7, an MTT assay was used. The MCF-7 cells cultured in vitro were treated with paclitaxel alone, treated with microwave-induced hyperthermia for 2 h alone (at 40, 40.5 or 41°C), or treated with a combination of paclitaxel and 2 h of hyperthermia (at 40, 40.5 or 41°C). Flow cytometry was used to determine the cell apoptosis rate and it was demonstrated that paclitaxel decreased cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. Alone, hyperthermia for 2 h at 41°C induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cells, to a greater extent compared with hyperthermia for 2 h at 40.0 or 40.5°C (P<0.05). Together, paclitaxel and 2 h of hyperthermia at 40.5°C induced significantly increased apoptosis compared with either treatment alone (P<0.05). Increasing the temperature to 41°C in combination with paclitaxel increased the apoptotic ratio from 12.21±1.02% to 16.36±2.39%. The apoptotic ratio correlated positively with hyperthermia temperature and duration following hyperthermia, as did the synergistic effect obtained by combining hyperthermia and paclitaxel. Notably, the combination of 5 µg/ml paclitaxel and 2 h of hyperthermia at 40°C enhanced MCF-7 cell proliferation. Mild hyperthermia may exert anti-tumor effects by inducing apoptosis, and combining hyperthermia with paclitaxel synergistically induces apoptosis. Paclitaxel dose and hyperthermia temperature require careful optimization, as low-dose paclitaxel combined with hyperthermia at an insufficient temperature may enhance breast cancer proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Liao
- Department of The First Chemotherapy, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohua Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Zhihui Liu
- Department of The First Chemotherapy, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Yan Lin
- Department of The First Chemotherapy, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Rong Liang
- Department of The First Chemotherapy, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Yumei Zhang
- Department of The First Chemotherapy, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of The First Chemotherapy, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Yongqiang Li
- Department of The First Chemotherapy, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoli Liao
- Department of The First Chemotherapy, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
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21
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Idorn M, Thor Straten P. Chemokine Receptors and Exercise to Tackle the Inadequacy of T Cell Homing to the Tumor Site. Cells 2018; 7:E108. [PMID: 30126117 PMCID: PMC6115859 DOI: 10.3390/cells7080108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
While cancer immune therapy has revolutionized the treatment of metastatic disease across a wide range of cancer diagnoses, a major limiting factor remains with regard to relying on adequate homing of anti-tumor effector cells to the tumor site both prior to and after therapy. Adoptive cell transfer (ACT) of autologous T cells have improved the outlook of patients with metastatic melanoma. Prior to the approval of checkpoint inhibitors, this strategy was the most promising. However, while response rates of up to 50% have been reported, this strategy is still rather crude. Thus, improvements are needed and within reach. A hallmark of the developing tumor is the evasion of immune destruction. Achieved through the recruitment of immune suppressive cell subsets, upregulation of inhibitory receptors and the development of physical and chemical barriers (such as poor vascularization and hypoxia) leaves the microenvironment a hostile destination for anti-tumor T cells. In this paper, we review the emerging strategies of improving the homing of effector T cells (TILs, CARs, TCR engineered T cells, etc.) through genetic engineering with chemokine receptors matching the chemokines of the tumor microenvironment. While this strategy has proven successful in several preclinical models of cancer and the strategy has moved into the first phase I/II clinical trial in humans, most of these studies show a modest (doubling) increase in tumor infiltration of effector cells, which raises the question of whether road blocks must be tackled for efficient homing. We propose a role for physical exercise in modulating the tumor microenvironment and preparing the platform for infiltration of anti-tumor immune cells. In a time of personalized medicine and genetic engineering, this "old tool" may be a way to augment efficacy and the depth of response to immune therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manja Idorn
- Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, Herlev Gentofte University Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, 2730 Herlev, Denmark.
| | - Per Thor Straten
- Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, Herlev Gentofte University Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, 2730 Herlev, Denmark.
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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22
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Hyperthermia induces therapeutic effectiveness and potentiates adjuvant therapy with non-targeted and targeted drugs in an in vitro model of human malignant melanoma. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10724. [PMID: 30013176 PMCID: PMC6048057 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29018-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we have aimed to characterize the intrinsic, extrinsic and ER-mediated apoptotic induction by hyperthermia in an in vitro model of human malignant melanoma and furthermore, to evaluate its therapeutic effectiveness in an adjuvant therapeutic setting characterized by combinational treatments with non-targeted (Dacarbazine & Temozolomide) and targeted (Dabrafenib & Vemurafenib) drugs. Overall, our data showed that both low (43 °C) and high (45 °C) hyperthermic exposures were capable of inducing cell death by activating all apoptotic pathways but in a rather distinct manner. More specifically, low hyperthermia induced extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways both of which activated caspase 6 only as opposed to high hyperthermia which was mediated by the combined effects of caspases 3, 7 and 6. Furthermore, significant involvement of the ER was evident (under both hyperthermic conditions) suggesting its role in regulating apoptosis via activation of CHOP. Our data revealed that while low hyperthermia activated IRE-1 and ATF6 only, high hyperthermia induced activation of PERK as well suggesting that ultimately these ER stress sensors can lead to the induction of CHOP via different pathways of transmitted signals. Finally, combinational treatment protocols revealed an effect of hyperthermia in potentiating the therapeutic effectiveness of non-targeted as well as targeted drugs utilized in the clinical setting. Overall, our findings support evidence into hyperthermia's therapeutic potential in treating human malignant melanoma by elucidating the underlying mechanisms of its complex apoptotic induction.
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Golombek SK, May JN, Theek B, Appold L, Drude N, Kiessling F, Lammers T. Tumor targeting via EPR: Strategies to enhance patient responses. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2018; 130:17-38. [PMID: 30009886 PMCID: PMC6130746 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 765] [Impact Index Per Article: 127.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The tumor accumulation of nanomedicines relies on the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. In the last 5-10 years, it has been increasingly recognized that there is a large inter- and intra-individual heterogeneity in EPR-mediated tumor targeting, explaining the heterogeneous outcomes of clinical trials in which nanomedicine formulations have been evaluated. To address this heterogeneity, as in other areas of oncology drug development, we have to move away from a one-size-fits-all tumor targeting approach, towards methods that can be employed to individualize and improve nanomedicine treatments. To this end, efforts have to be invested in better understanding the nature, the complexity and the heterogeneity of the EPR effect, and in establishing systems and strategies to enhance, combine, bypass and image EPR-based tumor targeting. In the present manuscript, we summarize key studies in which these strategies are explored, and we discuss how these approaches can be employed to enhance patient responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne K Golombek
- Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jan-Niklas May
- Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Aachen, Germany
| | - Benjamin Theek
- Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Aachen, Germany
| | - Lia Appold
- Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Aachen, Germany
| | - Natascha Drude
- Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Aachen, Germany; Department of Nuclear Medicine, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Aachen, Germany
| | - Fabian Kiessling
- Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Aachen, Germany
| | - Twan Lammers
- Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Aachen, Germany; Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Targeted Therapeutics, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands.
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24
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Yang W, Wang W, Liu B, Zhu B, Li J, Xu D, Ni Y, Bai L, Liu G. Immunomodulation characteristics by thermal ablation therapy in cancer patients. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2018; 14:e490-e497. [PMID: 29316291 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.12836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM Thermal ablation therapy has recently emerged as a promising noninvasive treatment modality for localized solid malignancies. Except its direct tumor-cell-killing effect on local tumor tissues, the immunomodulatory effect has also long been noticed which too has substantial effect on clinical outcome, but it is complicated. Though much has been investigated and rich evidences have been achieved, the fundamental state and profile of immunomodulation by thermal ablation in cancer patients, its exact mechanism, especially the systematic mechanism, and its effect on antitumor immunity remain unclear. METHODS In this study, we dynamically monitored the immunomodulation by thermal ablation through combined analysis of peripheral lymphocyte populations, functional T cell subtype Th1 (CD3+CD4+IFN-r+), Th2 (CD3+CD4+IL-4+), Tc1 (CD3+CD8+IFN-r+), Tc2 (CD3+CD8+IL-4+) and mRNA expression of several immune-active and -suppressive molecules including CD25, CD28, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4, programmed cell death protein 1, Foxp3, transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) and interleukin (IL-10) in 16 cancer patients. RESULTS The results show that local cancer thermal ablation modulated the cellular immunity characterized by obviously downregulation of regulatory T cells (Treg) and cytotoxicity T cells followed by CD4, CD8 and suppressor T cells (Ts), but upregulation of natural killer (NK) cells and mRNA expression of TGF-β and IL-10, suggesting a slight inhibition of the cellular immunity which may affect antitumor immunity. CONCLUSIONS We suggest a further immunomodulation therapy after thermal therapy for recovering a Th1- and Tc1-dominant immune response for pursuing a better long-term antitumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuwei Yang
- Cancer Therapy Center, Affiliated Hospital of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Cancer Therapy Center, Affiliated Hospital of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Cancer Therapy Center, Affiliated Hospital of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Baorang Zhu
- Cancer Therapy Center, Affiliated Hospital of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Li
- Cancer Therapy Center, Affiliated Hospital of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Debao Xu
- Cancer Therapy Center, Affiliated Hospital of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanli Ni
- Cancer Therapy Center, Affiliated Hospital of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li Bai
- Cancer Therapy Center, Affiliated Hospital of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guangxian Liu
- Cancer Therapy Center, Affiliated Hospital of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Bull JMC. A review of immune therapy in cancer and a question: can thermal therapy increase tumor response? Int J Hyperthermia 2017; 34:840-852. [PMID: 28974121 DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2017.1387938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune therapy is a successful cancer treatment coming into its own. This is because checkpoint molecules, adoptive specific lymphocyte transfer and chimeric antigen T-cell (CAR-T) therapy are able to induce more durable responses in an increasing number of malignancies compared to chemotherapy. In addition, immune therapies are able to treat bulky disease, whereas standard cytotoxic therapies cannot treat large tumour burdens. Checkpoint inhibitor monoclonal antibodies are becoming widely used in the clinic and although more complex, adoptive lymphocyte transfer and CAR-T therapies show promise. We are learning that there are nuances to predicting the successful use of the checkpoint inhibitors as well as to specific-antigen adoptive and CAR-T therapies. We are also newly aware of a here-to-fore unrealised natural force, the status of the microbiome. However, despite better understanding of mechanisms of action of the new immune therapies, the best responses to the new immune therapies remain 20-30%. Likely the best way to improve this somewhat low response rate for patients is to increase the patient's own immune response. Thermal therapy is a way to do this. All forms of thermal therapy, from fever-range systemic thermal therapy, to high-temperature HIFU and even cryotherapy improve the immune response pre-clinically. It is time to test the immune therapies with thermal therapy in vivo to test for optimal timing of the combinations that will best enhance tumour response and then to begin to test the immune therapies with thermal therapy in the clinic as soon as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan M C Bull
- a Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine , The University of Texas Medical School at Houston , Houston , TX , USA
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26
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Oei AL, Vriend LEM, Krawczyk PM, Horsman MR, Franken NAP, Crezee J. Targeting therapy-resistant cancer stem cells by hyperthermia. Int J Hyperthermia 2017; 33:419-427. [PMID: 28100096 DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2017.1279757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Eradication of all malignant cells is the ultimate but challenging goal of anti-cancer treatment; most traditional clinically-available approaches fail because there are cells in a tumour that either escape therapy or become therapy-resistant. A subpopulation of cancer cells, the cancer stem cells (CSCs), is considered to be of particular significance for tumour initiation, progression and metastasis. CSCs are considered in particular to be therapy-resistant and may drive disease recurrence, which positions CSCs in the focus of anti-cancer research, but successful CSC-targeting therapies are limited. Here, we argue that hyperthermia - a therapeutic approach based on local heating of a tumour - is potentially beneficial for targeting CSCs in solid tumours. First, hyperthermia has been described to target cells in hypoxic and nutrient-deprived tumour areas where CSCs reside and ionising radiation and chemotherapy are least effective. Second, hyperthermia can modify factors that are essential for tumour survival and growth, such as the microenvironment, immune responses, vascularisation and oxygen supply. Third, hyperthermia targets multiple DNA repair pathways, which are generally upregulated in CSCs and protect them from DNA-damaging agents. Addition of hyperthermia to the therapeutic armamentarium of oncologists may thus be a promising strategy to eliminate therapy-escaping and -resistant CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Oei
- a Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology (LEXOR) , Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine , Amsterdam , The Netherlands.,b Department of Radiotherapy , Academic Medical Center (AMC) and Cancer Center Amsterdam , Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - L E M Vriend
- c Department of Cell Biology and Histology , Academic Medical Center (AMC) and Cancer Center Amsterdam , Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - P M Krawczyk
- c Department of Cell Biology and Histology , Academic Medical Center (AMC) and Cancer Center Amsterdam , Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - M R Horsman
- d Department for Experimental Clinical Oncology , Aarhus University Hospital , Aarhus C , Denmark
| | - N A P Franken
- a Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology (LEXOR) , Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine , Amsterdam , The Netherlands.,b Department of Radiotherapy , Academic Medical Center (AMC) and Cancer Center Amsterdam , Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - J Crezee
- b Department of Radiotherapy , Academic Medical Center (AMC) and Cancer Center Amsterdam , Amsterdam , The Netherlands
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Pawlikowska M, Jędrzejewski T, Piotrowski J, Kozak W. Fever-range hyperthermia inhibits cells immune response to protein-bound polysaccharides derived from Coriolus versicolor extract. Mol Immunol 2016; 80:50-57. [PMID: 27825050 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2016.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to explore whether fever-range hyperthermia (FRH) might enhance the anticancer and immunoregulatory activities of protein-bound polysaccharides (PBP), a class of fungus derived immunomodifiers used in the cancer adjuvant therapy. Blood lymphocytes and breast cancer cells (MCF-7) were cultured at 39.5°C in humidified atmosphere containing 5% CO2 for 2h. After rested at 37°C for 6h, the cells were treated with PBP extract at 100- and 300μg/ml concentration. After indicated time, the proliferative response was analyzed and cytokine mRNA expression assessment was performed by qRT-PCR. In animal model, the FRH was induced by placing rats in the Homeothermic Controller with heating blanket. Animals were heated until Tb reached 39.5°C (±0.2°C) and were maintained at this temperature for 30min. The protein-bound polysaccharides solution was injected i.p. at a dose of 100 mg/kg 6h post FRH. Twenty four hours after treatment, the blood was collected and cytokines expression analysis were performed. The results have shown that fever-range hyperthermia has an inhibitory effect on PBP extract-induced proliferative response of blood lymphocytes, as well as IL-1β and IL-6 mRNA expression. Moreover, the temperature of 39.5°C blocks PBP-induced cytotoxicity against MCF-7 cells, which correlates with significant reduction in TNF-α level. Combined treatment of rats (FRH+PBP) results in decrease of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells compared to cells derived from rats treated with protein-bound polysaccharides extract alone. This study demonstrates that fever-range temperature inhibits immunostimulatory as well as anticancer effects mediated by protein-bound polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Pawlikowska
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environment Protection, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Lwowska 1 Street, 87-100 Torun, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Jędrzejewski
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environment Protection, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Lwowska 1 Street, 87-100 Torun, Poland.
| | - Jakub Piotrowski
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environment Protection, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Lwowska 1 Street, 87-100 Torun, Poland.
| | - Wiesław Kozak
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environment Protection, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Lwowska 1 Street, 87-100 Torun, Poland.
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Shemi D, Azab A, Kaplanski J. The effect of high and low ambient temperatures on PGE2 and TNF-α production by rat glial brain cultures. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/09680519030090030401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of changes in incubation temperature on PGE 2 and TNF-α production by rat glial brain cultures after LPS stimulation. One-hour incubation at temperatures of 4°C, 37°C, 39°C and 42°C were used. Treatment of cultures with 10 μg/ml LPS from Escherichia coli caused a significant elevation of PGE2 production 24 h after incubation at control temperatures of 37°C and the experimental temperatures of 4°C, 39°C and 42°C. While high ambient temperatures of 39°C and 42°C reduced LPS-stimulated production, compared to exposure to 37°C, exposure to 4°C did not do so. On the other hand, exposure of the cultures to a temperature of 39°C and 42°C for 1 h did not alter LPS-stimulated TNF-α production, while exposure to a temperature of 4°C significantly reduced this elevation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Shemi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Abed Azab
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Jacob Kaplanski
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel,
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29
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Deepak P, Kumar S, Acharya A. Heat Shock Proteins (HSP): Future Trends in Cancer Immunotherapy. EUR J INFLAMM 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/1721727x0600400101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat Shock Proteins (HSPs) are a large family of highly conserved proteins involved in assisting protein folding and unfolding in the cells. HSPs are expressed constitutively as well as inducibly and, interacting with antigen presenting cells, induce the expression of various cytokines and chemokines as well as the maturation and migration of dendritic cells, thus acting themselves as cytokines. HSP-chaperoned antigenic peptides are also generated within the tumor cells. Such chaperoned peptides are released in the extra cellular medium with an association of HSPs by cell stress, death or tumor cell lyses. HSP-peptide complexes from extra cellular medium are taken up by antigen presenting cells through CD91 receptor and are represented or cross-presented by their MHC class I molecules for specific anti-tumor immune response. In addition, HSPs expressed on the cell surface of tumor cells stimulate αβ T-cells and γδ T-cells as well as natural killer (NK) cells that are first-line defense mechanisms. In this manner, HSPs have the ability to stimulate both arms of the effecter mechanism of the immune system. These unique immunological attributes of HSPs are presently becoming the basis for tumor immunotherapy. Tumor-derived HSP-peptide complexes have been demonstrated to serve as anti-tumor vaccines. To date various approaches of vaccination using HSPs have been developed and tested clinically. These HSP-based vaccine approaches can be combined with hyperthermia and CTLA-4 blockade to enhance their anti-tumor potentiality.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Deepak
- Immunology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, U.P., India
| | - S. Kumar
- Immunology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, U.P., India
| | - A. Acharya
- Immunology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, U.P., India
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Exercise-Dependent Regulation of NK Cells in Cancer Protection. Trends Mol Med 2016; 22:565-577. [PMID: 27262760 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2016.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are the most responsive immune cells to exercise, displaying an acute mobilization to the circulation during physical exertion. Recently, exercise-dependent mobilization of NK cells was found to play a central role in exercise-mediated protection against cancer. Here, we review the link between exercise and NK cell function, focusing on circulating exercise factors and additional effects, including vascularization, hypoxia, and body temperature in mediating the effects on NK cell functionality. Exercise-dependent mobilization and activation of NK cells provides a mechanistic explanation for the protective effect of exercise on cancer, and we propose that exercise represents a potential strategy as adjuvant therapy in cancer, by improving NK cell recruitment and infiltration in solid tumors.
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31
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Rich LJ, Winslow TB, Alberico RA, Repasky EA, Seshadri M, Singh AK. Enhanced tumour perfusion following treatment with water-filtered IR-A radiation to the thorax in a patient with head and neck cancer. Int J Hyperthermia 2016; 32:539-42. [PMID: 27150820 DOI: 10.3109/02656736.2016.1167259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Laurie J Rich
- a Department of Molecular and Cellular Biophysics , Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo ;,b Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics , Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo
| | - Timothy B Winslow
- c Department of Radiation Medicine , Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo
| | | | | | - Mukund Seshadri
- a Department of Molecular and Cellular Biophysics , Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo ;,b Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics , Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo ;,f Department of Head and Neck Surgery , Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo
| | - Anurag K Singh
- c Department of Radiation Medicine , Roswell Park Cancer Institute , Buffalo
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32
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Reimann HM, Hentschel J, Marek J, Huelnhagen T, Todiras M, Kox S, Waiczies S, Hodge R, Bader M, Pohlmann A, Niendorf T. Normothermic Mouse Functional MRI of Acute Focal Thermostimulation for Probing Nociception. Sci Rep 2016; 6:17230. [PMID: 26821826 PMCID: PMC4731789 DOI: 10.1038/srep17230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Combining mouse genomics and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) provides a promising tool to unravel the molecular mechanisms of chronic pain. Probing murine nociception via the blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) effect is still challenging due to methodological constraints. Here we report on the reproducible application of acute noxious heat stimuli to examine the feasibility and limitations of functional brain mapping for central pain processing in mice. Recent technical and procedural advances were applied for enhanced BOLD signal detection and a tight control of physiological parameters. The latter includes the development of a novel mouse cradle designed to maintain whole-body normothermia in anesthetized mice during fMRI in a way that reflects the thermal status of awake, resting mice. Applying mild noxious heat stimuli to wildtype mice resulted in highly significant BOLD patterns in anatomical brain structures forming the pain matrix, which comprise temporal signal intensity changes of up to 6% magnitude. We also observed sub-threshold correlation patterns in large areas of the brain, as well as alterations in mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) in response to the applied stimulus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henning Matthias Reimann
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Hentschel
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jaroslav Marek
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Till Huelnhagen
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mihail Todiras
- Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefanie Kox
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sonia Waiczies
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Russ Hodge
- Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Bader
- Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Pohlmann
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thoralf Niendorf
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
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33
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Tomiyama C, Watanabe M, Honma T, Inada A, Hayakawa T, Ryufuku M, Abo T. The effect of repetitive mild hyperthermia on body temperature, the autonomic nervous system, and innate and adaptive immunity. Biomed Res 2016; 36:135-42. [PMID: 25876664 DOI: 10.2220/biomedres.36.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The effect of repetitive mild hyperthermia on body temperature, the autonomic nervous system, and innate and adaptive immunity was investigated using a new hyperthermia treatment system, nanomist sauna (NMS). Six healthy volunteers participated and the concentration of catecholamines and cortisol, and the frequency and function of leukocytes in the peripheral blood were investigated before and after successive 7 days of hyperthermia treatment (20 min/day, 40°C, 100% relative humidity). After treatment, the blood level of adrenaline and cortisol on the 7th day was decreased compared with the 1st day, indicating the suppression of the sympathetic nervous system activity. Moreover, the frequency of CD56(+)NK, CD56(+)NKT and B cells on the 7th day tended to be increased compared with the 1st day. The frequency of HLA-DR-positive NK and NKT cells and expression of HLA-DR on B and T cells increased. The cytotoxicity of NK cells and proliferative response of B cells were also elevated. The results indicate that repetitive mild hyperthermia treatment might suppress excessive sympathetic dominance and modify immunity. Additionally, because it can provide the same effects as conventional hyperthermia treatments with minimal burden to the body, NMS may be a novel patient- and elderly-friendly hyperthermia treatment for health promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chikako Tomiyama
- Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Niigata University
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Targeting the heat shock response in combination with radiotherapy: Sensitizing cancer cells to irradiation-induced cell death and heating up their immunogenicity. Cancer Lett 2015; 368:209-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Revised: 02/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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35
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Ng KK, Zheng G. Molecular Interactions in Organic Nanoparticles for Phototheranostic Applications. Chem Rev 2015; 115:11012-42. [PMID: 26244706 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 353] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth K Ng
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and Techna Institute, University Health Network , Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Gang Zheng
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and Techna Institute, University Health Network , Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C4, Canada
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36
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Jedrzejewski T, Piotrowski J, Kowalczewska M, Wrotek S, Kozak W. Polysaccharide peptide fromCoriolus versicolorinduces interleukin 6-related extension of endotoxin fever in rats. Int J Hyperthermia 2015; 31:626-34. [DOI: 10.3109/02656736.2015.1046953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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37
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Evans SS, Repasky EA, Fisher DT. Fever and the thermal regulation of immunity: the immune system feels the heat. Nat Rev Immunol 2015; 15:335-49. [PMID: 25976513 PMCID: PMC4786079 DOI: 10.1038/nri3843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 648] [Impact Index Per Article: 72.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Fever is a cardinal response to infection that has been conserved in warm-blooded and cold-blooded vertebrates for more than 600 million years of evolution. The fever response is executed by integrated physiological and neuronal circuitry and confers a survival benefit during infection. In this Review, we discuss our current understanding of how the inflammatory cues delivered by the thermal element of fever stimulate innate and adaptive immune responses. We further highlight the unexpected multiplicity of roles of the pyrogenic cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6), both during fever induction and during the mobilization of lymphocytes to the lymphoid organs that are the staging ground for immune defence. We also discuss the emerging evidence suggesting that the adrenergic signalling pathways associated with thermogenesis shape immune cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon S Evans
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm &Carlton Streets, Buffalo, New York 14263, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Repasky
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm &Carlton Streets, Buffalo, New York 14263, USA
| | - Daniel T Fisher
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm &Carlton Streets, Buffalo, New York 14263, USA
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Fendler WP, Lehmann M, Todica A, Herrmann K, Knösel T, Angele MK, Dürr HR, Rauch J, Bartenstein P, Cyran CC, Hacker M, Lindner LH. PET response criteria in solid tumors predicts progression-free survival and time to local or distant progression after chemotherapy with regional hyperthermia for soft-tissue sarcoma. J Nucl Med 2015; 56:530-7. [PMID: 25722445 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.114.152462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED We evaluated the prognostic accuracy of established PET and CT response criteria in patients with soft-tissue sarcoma (STS) after combined chemotherapy plus regional hyperthermia (RHT). METHODS Seventy-three patients underwent (18)F-FDG PET/CT before and after 2-4 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with RHT for STS. Progression-free survival (PFS) and time to local and distant progression were among other factors correlated with response according to PET Response Criteria in Solid Tumors (PERCIST 1.0) and Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST 1.1). RESULTS Metabolic response by PERCIST (n = 44/73) was an independent predictor for PFS (P = 0.002; hazard ratio [HR], 0.35; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.18-0.68) and time to local or distant progression. Other independent predictors for PFS by multivariate analysis were adjuvant radiotherapy (P = 0.010; HR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.20-0.80) and a baseline tumor size less than 5.7 cm (P = 0.012; HR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.22-0.83). Response by RECIST 1.1 was seen in a small group of patients (n = 22/73) and allowed prediction of PFS for patients with sarcoma outside the abdomen (P = 0.048; HR, 0.13; 95% CI, 0.02-0.98). CONCLUSION Metabolic response by (18)F-FDG PET predicts PFS and time to local and distant progression after 2-4 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus RHT for STS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang P Fendler
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Mona Lehmann
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Andrei Todica
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ken Herrmann
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Julius-Maximilians-University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Knösel
- Institute of Pathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin K Angele
- Department of General, Visceral, Transplantation, Vascular, and Thoracic Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany Center for Bone and Soft Tissue Sarcoma (SarKUM), Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Hans Roland Dürr
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany Center for Bone and Soft Tissue Sarcoma (SarKUM), Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Oncology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Josefine Rauch
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany Center for Bone and Soft Tissue Sarcoma (SarKUM), Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Bartenstein
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Clemens C Cyran
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Marcus Hacker
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria; and
| | - Lars H Lindner
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany Center for Bone and Soft Tissue Sarcoma (SarKUM), Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany Department of Internal Medicine III, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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39
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Dayanc BE, Bansal S, Gure AO, Gollnick SO, Repasky EA. Enhanced sensitivity of colon tumour cells to natural killer cell cytotoxicity after mild thermal stress is regulated through HSF1-mediated expression of MICA. Int J Hyperthermia 2014; 29:480-90. [PMID: 23902341 DOI: 10.3109/02656736.2013.821526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Previously we showed that mild thermal stress increased natural killer (NK) cell-mediated tumour cytotoxicity and that this could be blocked by anti-NKG2D or anti-MICA (major histolocompatability complex (MHC) class I related chain A) antibodies. Here, we investigated the role of the transcription factor heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) in thermal regulation of MICA expression in tumour cells in vitro and in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS Hyperthermia experiments were conducted in vitro and in mice using a target temperature of 39.5 °C. Apoptotic cells and NK cells in situ were visualised by use of the TUNEL assay or expression of NKp46 respectively. Using Colo205 cells, HSF1 message was blocked utilising siRNA while luciferase reporter assays were used to measure the activity of the MICA promoter in vitro. Cell surface MICA was measured by flow cytometry. RESULTS Following whole body hyperthermia (WBH), tumour tissues showed an increase in NK cells and apoptosis. Mild thermal stress resulted in a transient increase in surface MICA and enhanced NK cytotoxicity of the Colo205 colon cancer cell line. Silencing (mRNA) HSF1 expression in Colo205 cells prevented the thermal enhancement of MICA message and surface protein levels, with partial loss of thermally enhanced NK cytotoxicity. Mutations of the HSF1 binding site on the MICA promoter implicated HSF1 in the thermal enhancement of MICA. Some, but not all, patient-derived colon tumour derived xenografts also exhibited an enhanced MICA message expression after WBH. CONCLUSIONS Up-regulation of MICA expression in Colo205 cells and enhanced sensitivity to NK cell killing following mild thermal stress is dependent upon HSF1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baris E Dayanc
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
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40
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Mehtala JG, Torregrosa-Allen S, Elzey BD, Jeon M, Kim C, Wei A. Synergistic effects of cisplatin chemotherapy and gold nanorod-mediated hyperthermia on ovarian cancer cells and tumors. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2014; 9:1939-55. [PMID: 24498890 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.13.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The synergistic effects of gold nanorod (GNR)-mediated mild hyperthermia (MHT; 42-43°C) and cisplatin (CP) activity was evaluated against chemoresistant SKOV3 cells in vitro and with a tumor xenograft model. MATERIALS & METHODS In vitro studies were performed using CP at cytostatic concentrations (5 µM) and polyethylene glycol-stabilized GNRs, using near-infrared laser excitation for MHT. RESULTS The amount of polyethylene glycol-GNRs used for environmental MHT was 1 µg/ml, several times lower than the loadings used in tumor tissue ablation. GNR-mediated MHT increased CP-mediated cytotoxicity by 80%, relative to the projected additive effect, and flow cytometry analysis suggested MHT also enhanced CP-induced apoptosis. In a pilot in vivo study, systemically administered polyethylene glycol-GNRs generated sufficient levels of MHT to enhance CP-induced reductions in tumor volume, despite their heterogeneous distribution in tumor tissue. CONCLUSION These studies imply that effective chemotherapies can be developed in combination with low loadings of nanoparticles for localized MHT. Original submitted 6 July 2013; Revised submitted 20 October 2013.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan G Mehtala
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2084, USA
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Mikucki ME, Fisher DT, Ku AW, Appenheimer MM, Muhitch JB, Evans SS. Preconditioning thermal therapy: flipping the switch on IL-6 for anti-tumour immunity. Int J Hyperthermia 2013; 29:464-73. [PMID: 23862980 DOI: 10.3109/02656736.2013.807440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy aims to generate long-lived, tumour-specific adaptive immunity to limit dysregulated tumour progression and metastasis. Tumour vasculature has emerged as a critical checkpoint controlling the efficacy of immunotherapy since it is the main access point for cytotoxic T cells to reach tumour cell targets. Therapeutic success has been particularly challenging to achieve because of the local, cytokine-rich inflammatory milieu that drives a pro-tumourigenic programme supporting the growth and survival of malignant cells. Here, we focus on recent evidence that systemic thermal therapy can switch the activities of the inflammatory cytokine, interleukin-6 (IL-6), to a predominantly anti-tumourigenic function that promotes anti-tumour immunity by mobilising T cell trafficking in the recalcitrant tumour microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryann E Mikucki
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
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Lo JH, von Maltzahn G, Douglass J, Park JH, Sailor MJ, Ruoslahti E, Bhatia SN. Nanoparticle amplification via photothermal unveiling of cryptic collagen binding sites. J Mater Chem B 2013; 1:5235-5240. [PMID: 24177171 PMCID: PMC3809612 DOI: 10.1039/c3tb20619j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The success of nanoparticle-based cancer therapies ultimately depends on their ability to selectively and efficiently accumulate in regions of disease. Outfitting nanoparticles to actively target tumor-specific markers has improved specificity, yet it remains a challenge to amass adequate therapy in a selective manner. To help address this challenge, we have developed a mechanism of nanoparticle amplification based on stigmergic (environment-modifying) signalling, in which a "Signalling" population of gold nanorods induces localized unveiling of cryptic collagen epitopes, which are in turn targeted by "Responding" nanoparticles bearing gelatin-binding fibronectin fragments. We demonstrate that this two-particle system results in significantly increased, selective recruitment of responding particles. Such amplification strategies have the potential to overcome limitations associated with single-particle targeting by leveraging the capacity of nanoparticles to interact with their environment to create abundant new binding motifs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin H Lo
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology , 77 Massachusetts Ave. 76-453 , Cambridge , MA 02139 , USA .
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Lin Y, Liu Z, Li Y, Liao X, Liao S, Cen S, Yang L, Wei J, Hu X. Short-term hyperthermia promotes the sensitivity of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells to paclitaxel. Biol Pharm Bull 2012; 36:376-83. [PMID: 23229357 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b12-00774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
As a physical adjuvant approach in the treatment of solid tumors, regional hyperthermia plays a synergistic role in enhancing the efficacy of simultaneous chemotherapy. Paclitaxel (PTX) is an anti-mitotic taxane drug that is widely used in chemotherapy for the treatment of various human malignancies such as lung, ovarian, breast, and head and neck cancers. Since the possibility that hyperthermia can enhance the anti-tumor effects of PTX has not yet been investigated, the present study was designed to evaluate the effects of short-term hyperthermia on PTX-induced antitumor activity in the human breast cancer line MCF-7. It was found that short-term hyperthermia promoted PTX-induced suppression of cell proliferation. The IC for PTX was reduced from 18.2±1.0 to 15.0±0.45 nM (p<0.05). The level of PTX-induced cell apoptosis was increased from 8.5±1.2 to 16.4±2.4% (p<0.05) and from 15.2±1.4 to 34.9±2.8% (p<0.05), at the end of the first and second hyperthermia cycles, respectively; both the activity and expression of caspase-7 were enhanced. In addition, PTX-induced cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase was further promoted by short-term hyperthermia, from 9.3±0.7 to 12.5±0.9% (p<0.05). In contrast, short-term hyperthermia affected neither tumor cell migration nor invasion in the presence or absence of PTX. The presented data thus suggest that short-term hyperthermia may serve as a feasible approach in the promotion of breast cancer cell sensitivity to PTX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lin
- Department of First Chemotherapy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 71 Hedi Road, Nanning 530021, China
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Rubner Y, Wunderlich R, Rühle PF, Kulzer L, Werthmöller N, Frey B, Weiss EM, Keilholz L, Fietkau R, Gaipl US. How does ionizing irradiation contribute to the induction of anti-tumor immunity? Front Oncol 2012; 2:75. [PMID: 22848871 PMCID: PMC3404483 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2012.00075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2012] [Accepted: 07/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) with ionizing irradiation is commonly used to locally attack tumors. It induces a stop of cancer cell proliferation and finally leads to tumor cell death. During the last years it has become more and more evident that besides a timely and locally restricted radiation-induced immune suppression, a specific immune activation against the tumor and its metastases is achievable by rendering the tumor cells visible for immune attack. The immune system is involved in tumor control and we here outline how RT induces anti-inflammation when applied in low doses and contributes in higher doses to the induction of anti-tumor immunity. We especially focus on how local irradiation induces abscopal effects. The latter are partly mediated by a systemic activation of the immune system against the individual tumor cells. Dendritic cells are the key players in the initiation and regulation of adaptive anti-tumor immune responses. They have to take up tumor antigens and consecutively present tumor peptides in the presence of appropriate co-stimulation. We review how combinations of RT with further immune stimulators such as AnnexinA5 and hyperthermia foster the dendritic cell-mediated induction of anti-tumor immune responses and present reasonable combination schemes of standard tumor therapies with immune therapies. It can be concluded that RT leads to targeted killing of the tumor cells and additionally induces non-targeted systemic immune effects. Multimodal tumor treatments should therefore tend to induce immunogenic tumor cell death forms within a tumor microenvironment that stimulates immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Rubner
- Radiation Immunobiology, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Erlangen, Germany
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Frey B, Weiss EM, Rubner Y, Wunderlich R, Ott OJ, Sauer R, Fietkau R, Gaipl US. Old and new facts about hyperthermia-induced modulations of the immune system. Int J Hyperthermia 2012; 28:528-42. [PMID: 22690925 DOI: 10.3109/02656736.2012.677933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperthermia (HT) is a potent sensitiser for radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy (CT) and has been proven to modulate directly or indirectly cells of the innate and adaptive immune system. We will focus in this article on how anti-tumour immunity can be induced by HT. In contrast to some in vitro assays, in vivo examinations showed that natural killer cells and phagocytes like granulocytes are directly activated against the tumour by HT. Since heat also activates dendritic cells (DCs), HT should be combined with further death stimuli (RT, CT or immune therapy) to allocate tumour antigen, derived from, for example, necrotic tumour cells, for uptake by DCs. We will outline that induction of immunogenic tumour cells and direct tumour cell killing by HT in combination with other therapies contributes to immune activation against the tumour. Studies will be presented showing that non-beneficial effects of HT on immune cells are mostly timely restricted. A special focus is set on immune activation mediated by extracellular present heat shock proteins (HSPs) carrying tumour antigens and further danger signals released by dying tumour cells. Local HT treatment in addition to further stress stimuli exerts abscopal effects and might be considered as in situ tumour vaccination. An increased natural killer (NK) cell activity, lymphocyte infiltration and HSP-mediated induction of immunogenic tumour cells have been observed in patients. Treatments with the addition of HT therefore can be considered as a personalised cancer treatment approach by specifically activating the immune system against the individual unique tumour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Frey
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
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Mace TA, Zhong L, Kokolus KM, Repasky EA. Effector CD8+ T cell IFN-γ production and cytotoxicity are enhanced by mild hyperthermia. Int J Hyperthermia 2012; 28:9-18. [PMID: 22235780 DOI: 10.3109/02656736.2011.616182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Clinical trials combining hyperthermia with radiation and/or chemotherapy for cancer treatment have resulted in improved overall survival and control of local recurrences. The contribution of thermally enhanced anti-immune function in these effects is of considerable interest, but not understood; studies on the fundamental effects of elevated temperature on immune effector cells are needed. The goal of this study is to investigate the potential of mild hyperthermia to impact tumour antigen-specific (Ag) effector CD8+ T cell functions. METHOD Pmel-1 Ag-specific CD8+ T cells were exposed to mild hyperthermia and tested for changes in IFN-γ production and cytotoxicity. Additionally, overall plasma membrane organisation and the phosphorylation of signalling proteins were also investigated following heat treatment. RESULTS Exposing effector Pmel-1-specific CD8+ T cells to mild hyperthermia (39.5°C) resulted in significantly enhanced Ag-specific IFN-γ production and tumour target cell killing compared to that seen using lower temperatures (33° and 37°C). Further, inhibition of protein synthesis during hyperthermia did not reduce subsequent Ag-induced IFN-γ production by CD8+ T cells. Correlated with these effects, we observed a distinct clustering of GM1(+) lipid microdomains at the plasma membrane and enhanced phosphorylation of LAT and PKCθ which may be related to an observed enhancement of Ag-specific effector CD8+ T cell IFN-γ gene transcription following mild hyperthermia. However, mitogen-mediated production of IFN-γ, which bypasses T cell receptor activation with antigen, was not enhanced. CONCLUSIONS Antigen-dependent effector T cell activity is enhanced following mild hyperthermia. These effects could potentially occur in patients being treated with thermal therapies. These data also provide support for the use of thermal therapy as an adjuvant for immunotherapies to improve CD8+ effector cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A Mace
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
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TERUNUMA HIROSHI, DENG XUEWEN, TOKI ATSUSHI, YOSHIMURA AKIKO, NISHINO NORIYUKI, TAKANO YOSHINAO, NIEDA MIE, SASANUMA JINICHI, TERANISHI YASUSHI, WATANABE KAZUO. Effects of Hyperthermia on the Host Immune System :. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.3191/thermalmed.28.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Souto JC, Vila L, Brú A. Polymorphonuclear neutrophils and cancer: intense and sustained neutrophilia as a treatment against solid tumors. Med Res Rev 2011; 31:311-63. [PMID: 19967776 DOI: 10.1002/med.20185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) are the most abundant circulating immune cells and represent the first line of immune defense against infection. This review of the biomedical literature of the last 40 years shows that they also have a powerful antitumoral effect under certain circumstances. Typically, the microenvironment surrounding a solid tumor possesses many of the characteristics of chronic inflammation, a condition considered very favorable for tumor growth and spread. However, there are many circumstances that shift the chronic inflammatory state toward an acute inflammatory response around a tumor. This shift seems to convert PMN into very efficient anticancer effector cells. Clinical reports of unexpected antitumoral effects linked to the prolonged use of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, which stimulates an intense and sustained neutrophilia, suggest that an easy way to fight solid tumors would be to encourage the development of intense peritumoral PMN infiltrates. Specifically designed clinical trials are urgently needed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of such drug-induced neutrophilia in patients with solid tumors. This antitumoral role of neutrophils may provide new avenues for the clinical treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Souto
- Department of Hematology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.
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Abstract
Increased evidence of cross-talk between NK cells and other immune cells has enhanced the possibilities of exploiting the interplay between the activation and inhibition of NK cells for immunotherapeutic purposes. The battery of receptors possessed by NK cells help them to efficiently detect aberrant and infected cells and embark on the signaling pathways necessary to eliminate them. Endogenous expansion of NK cells and their effector mechanisms are under exploration for enhancing adoptive immunotherapy prospects in combination with immunostimulatory and cell-death-sensitizing treatments against cancer, viral infections and other pathophysiological autoimmune conditions. Various modes of NK cell manipulation are being undertaken to overcome issues such as relapse and graft rejections associated with adoptive immunotherapy. While tracing the remarkable properties of NK cells and the major developments in this field, we highlight the role of immune cooperativity in the betterment of current immunotherapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anshu Malhotra
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Function, Department of Biochemistry & Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, 2005 Harold D West Basic Sciences Building, 1005 Dr DB Todd Jr Boulevard, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
| | - Anil Shanker
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Function, Department of Biochemistry & Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, 2005 Harold D West Basic Sciences Building, 1005 Dr DB Todd Jr Boulevard, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, 2200 Pierce Avenue, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
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Fisher DT, Chen Q, Skitzki JJ, Muhitch JB, Zhou L, Appenheimer MM, Vardam TD, Weis EL, Passanese J, Wang WC, Gollnick SO, Dewhirst MW, Rose-John S, Repasky EA, Baumann H, Evans SS. IL-6 trans-signaling licenses mouse and human tumor microvascular gateways for trafficking of cytotoxic T cells. J Clin Invest 2011; 121:3846-59. [PMID: 21926464 DOI: 10.1172/jci44952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2010] [Accepted: 08/03/2011] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune cells are key regulators of neoplastic progression, which is often mediated through their release of cytokines. Inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 exert tumor-promoting activities by driving growth and survival of neoplastic cells. However, whether these cytokines also have a role in recruiting mediators of adaptive anticancer immunity has not been investigated. Here, we report that homeostatic trafficking of tumor-reactive CD8+ T cells across microvascular checkpoints is limited in tumors despite the presence of inflammatory cytokines. Intravital imaging in tumor-bearing mice revealed that systemic thermal therapy (core temperature elevated to 39.5°C ± 0.5°C for 6 hours) activated an IL-6 trans-signaling program in the tumor blood vessels that modified the vasculature such that it could support enhanced trafficking of CD8+ effector/memory T cells (Tems) into tumors. A concomitant decrease in tumor infiltration by Tregs during systemic thermal therapy resulted in substantial enhancement of Tem/Treg ratios. Mechanistically, IL-6 produced by nonhematopoietic stromal cells acted cooperatively with soluble IL-6 receptor-α and thermally induced gp130 to promote E/P-selectin- and ICAM-1-dependent extravasation of cytotoxic T cells in tumors. Parallel increases in vascular adhesion were induced by IL-6/soluble IL-6 receptor-α fusion protein in mouse tumors and patient tumor explants. Finally, a causal link was established between IL-6-dependent licensing of tumor vessels for Tem trafficking and apoptosis of tumor targets. These findings suggest that the unique IL-6-rich tumor microenvironment can be exploited to create a therapeutic window to boost T cell-mediated antitumor immunity and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel T Fisher
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York 14263, USA
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