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Petranović Ovčariček P, Calderoni L, Campenni A, Fanti S, Giovanella L. Molecular imaging of thyroid and parathyroid diseases. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2024; 19:317-333. [PMID: 38899737 DOI: 10.1080/17446651.2024.2365776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Molecular imaging of thyroid and parathyroid diseases has changed in recent years due to the introduction of new radiopharmaceuticals and new imaging techniques. Accordingly, we provided an clinicians-oriented overview of such techniques and their indications. AREAS COVERED A review of the literature was performed in the PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus without time or language restrictions through the use of one or more fitting search criteria and terms as well as through screening of references in relevant selected papers. Literature up to and including December 2023 was included. Screening of titles/abstracts and removal of duplicates was performed and the full texts of the remaining potentially relevant articles were retrieved and reviewed. EXPERT OPINION Thyroid and parathyroid scintigraphy remains integral in patients with thyrotoxicosis, thyroid nodules, differentiated thyroid cancer and, respectively, hyperparathyroidism. In the last years positron-emission tomography with different tracers emerged as a more accurate alternative in evaluating indeterminate thyroid nodules [18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)], differentiated thyroid cancer [124I-iodide, 18F-tetrafluoroborate, 18F-FDG] and hyperparathyroidism [18F-fluorocholine]. Other PET tracers are useful in evaluating relapsing/advanced forms of medullary thyroid cancer (18F-FDOPA) and selecting patients with advanced follicular and medullary thyroid cancers for theranostic treatments (68Ga/177Ga-somatostatin analogues).
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Petranović Ovčariček
- Department of Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Center Sestre Milosrdnice, Zagreb, Croatia
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Letizia Calderoni
- Nuclear Medicine Division, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Policlinico S. Orsola, Bologna, Italy
- Nuclear Medicine, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alfredo Campenni
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morpho-Functional Imaging, Unit of Nuclear Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Stefano Fanti
- Nuclear Medicine Division, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Policlinico S. Orsola, Bologna, Italy
- Nuclear Medicine, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luca Giovanella
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Gruppo Ospedaliero Moncucco, Lugano, Switzerland
- Clinic for Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
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Ostojic J, Kozic D, Panjkovic M, Georgievski-Brkic B, Dragicevic D, Lovrenski A, Boban J. Peak Resembling N-acetylaspartate (NAA) on Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of Brain Metastases. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:662. [PMID: 38674308 PMCID: PMC11052432 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60040662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Differentiating between a high-grade glioma (HGG) and solitary cerebral metastasis presents a challenge when using standard magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) alone. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), an advanced MRI technique, may assist in resolving this diagnostic dilemma. N-acetylaspartate (NAA), an amino acid found uniquely in the central nervous system and in high concentrations in neurons, typically suggests HGG over metastatic lesions in spectra from ring-enhancing lesions. This study investigates exceptions to this norm. Materials and Methods: We conducted an MRS study on 49 histologically confirmed and previously untreated patients with brain metastases, employing single-voxel (SVS) techniques with short and long echo times, as well as magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI). Results: In our cohort, 44 out of 49 (90%) patients demonstrated a typical MR spectroscopic profile consistent with secondary deposits: a Cho peak, very low or absent Cr, absence of NAA, and the presence of lipids. A peak at approximately 2 ppm, termed the "NAA-like peak", was present in spectra obtained with both short and long echo times. Among the MRS data from 49 individuals, we observed a peak at 2.0 ppm in five brain metastases from mucinous carcinoma of the breast, mucinous non-small-cell lung adenocarcinoma, two metastatic melanomas, and one metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer. Pathohistological verification of mucin in two of these five cases suggested this peak likely represents N-acetyl glycoproteins, indicative of mucin expression in cancer cells. Conclusions: The identification of a prominent peak at 2.0 ppm could be a valuable diagnostic marker for distinguishing single ring-enhancing lesions, potentially associated with mucin-expressing metastases, offering a new avenue for diagnostic specificity in challenging cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Ostojic
- Faculty of Medicine, University in Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (D.K.); (M.P.); (D.D.); (A.L.); (J.B.)
| | - Dusko Kozic
- Faculty of Medicine, University in Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (D.K.); (M.P.); (D.D.); (A.L.); (J.B.)
| | - Milana Panjkovic
- Faculty of Medicine, University in Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (D.K.); (M.P.); (D.D.); (A.L.); (J.B.)
| | | | - Dusan Dragicevic
- Faculty of Medicine, University in Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (D.K.); (M.P.); (D.D.); (A.L.); (J.B.)
| | - Aleksandra Lovrenski
- Faculty of Medicine, University in Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (D.K.); (M.P.); (D.D.); (A.L.); (J.B.)
| | - Jasmina Boban
- Faculty of Medicine, University in Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (D.K.); (M.P.); (D.D.); (A.L.); (J.B.)
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Chen H, Qi Y, Yang C, Tai Q, Zhang M, Shen XZ, Deng C, Guo J, Jiang S, Sun N. Heterogeneous MXene Hybrid-Oriented Exosome Isolation and Metabolic Profiling for Early Screening, Subtyping and Follow-up Evaluation of Bladder Cancer. ACS NANO 2023; 17:23924-23935. [PMID: 38039354 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c08391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Exosome metabolite-based noninvasive liquid biopsy is an emerging research hotspot that tends to substitute current means in clinics. Nanostructure-based mass spectrometry enables continuous exosome isolation and metabolic profiling with superior analysis speed and high efficiency. Herein, we construct a heterogeneous MXene hybrid that possesses ternary binding sites for exosome capture and outstanding matrix performance for metabolite analysis. Upon optimizing experimental conditions, the average extraction of exosomes and their metabolic patterns from a 60 mL urine sample is completed within 45 s (40 samples per batch for 30 min). According to the exosomal metabolic patterns and the subsequently established biomarker panel, we distinguish early bladder cancer (BCa) from healthy controls with an area under the curve (AUC) value greater than 0.995 in model training and validation sets. As well, we realize subtype classification of BCa in the blind test on metabolic patterns, with an AUC value of 0.867. We also explore the significant biomarkers that are sensitive to follow-up patients, which indeed present reverse change levels compared with pathological progression. This study has the potential to guide the development of the liquid biopsy approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haolin Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Department of Chemistry, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Yu Qi
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Zhongshan Hospital Wusong Branch, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Chenyu Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Department of Chemistry, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Qunfei Tai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Department of Chemistry, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Man Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Department of Chemistry, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Xi-Zhong Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Chunhui Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Department of Chemistry, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Jianming Guo
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Zhongshan Hospital Wusong Branch, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Jiang
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Zhongshan Hospital Wusong Branch, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Nianrong Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
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Veenstra EB, Ruiter SJS, de Haas RJ, de Jong KP, Erba PA, Dierckx RAJO, Noordzij W. A dual-tracer approach using [ 11C]CH and [ 18F]FDG in HCC clinical decision making. EJNMMI Res 2023; 13:77. [PMID: 37644167 PMCID: PMC10465408 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-023-01024-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early detection of recurrent or progressive HCC remains the strongest prognostic factor for survival. Dual tracer PET/CT imaging with [11C]CH and [18F]FDG can further increase detection rates as both tracers entail different metabolic pathways involved in HCC development. We investigated dual-tracer PET/CT in clinical decision making in patients suspected of recurrent or progressive HCC. All HCC patients who underwent both [11C]CH and [18F]FDG PET/CT in our institute from February 2018 to December 2021 were included. Both tracer PET/CT were within 4 weeks of each other with at least 6-month follow-up. Patients underwent dual tracer PET/CT because of unexplained and suspicious CT/MRI or sudden rise of serum tumour markers. A detected lesion was considered critical when the finding had prognostic consequences leading to treatment changes. RESULTS Nineteen patients who underwent [11C]CH and [18F]FDG PET/CT were included of which all but six patients were previously treated for HCC. Dual-tracer critical finding detection rate was 95%, with [18F]FDG 68%, and [11C]CH 84%. Intrahepatic HCC recurrence finding rate was 65% for both tracers. [18F]FDG found more ablation site recurrences (4/5) compared to [11C]CH (2/5). Only [11C]CH found two needle tract metastases. Both tracers found 75% of the positive lymph nodes. Two new primary tumours were found, one by [18F]FDG and both by [11C]CH. CONCLUSIONS Our study favours a dual-tracer approach in HCC staging in high-risk patients or when conventional imaging is non-conclusive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emile B Veenstra
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Medical Imaging Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Simeon J S Ruiter
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Robbert J de Haas
- Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Koert P de Jong
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Paola A Erba
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Medical Imaging Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Nuclear Medicine UnitASST - Ospedale Papa Giovanni, University of Milan-Bicocca, Piazza, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Rudi A J O Dierckx
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Medical Imaging Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Walter Noordzij
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Medical Imaging Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
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van der Kemp WJM, Grinde MT, Malvik JO, van Laarhoven HWM, Prompers JJ, Klomp DWJ, Burgering B, Bathen TF, Moestue SA. Metabolic profiling of colorectal cancer organoids: A comparison between high-resolution magic angle spinning magnetic resonance spectroscopy and solution nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of polar extracts. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2023; 36:e4882. [PMID: 36451530 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Patient-derived cancer cells cultured in vitro are a cornerstone of cancer metabolism research. More recently, the introduction of organoids has provided the research community with a more versatile model system. Physiological structure and organization of the cell source tissue are maintained in organoids, representing a closer link to in vivo tumor models. High-resolution magic angle spinning magnetic resonance spectroscopy (HR MAS MRS) is a commonly applied analytical approach for metabolic profiling of intact tissue, but its use has not been reported for organoids. The aim of the current work was to compare the performance of HR MAS MRS and extraction-based nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) in metabolic profiling of wild-type and tumor progression organoids (TPOs) from human colon cancer, and further to investigate how the sequentially increased genetic alterations of the TPOs affect the metabolic profile. Sixteen metabolites were reliably identified and quantified both in spectra based on NMR of extracts and HR MAS MRS of intact organoids. The metabolite concentrations from the two approaches were highly correlated (r = 0.94), and both approaches were able to capture the systematic changes in metabolic features introduced by the genetic alterations characteristic of colorectal cancer progression (e.g., increased levels of lactate and decreased levels of myo-inositol and phosphocholine with an increasing number of mutations). The current work highlights that HR MAS MRS is a well-suited method for metabolic profiling of intact organoids, with the additional benefit that the nondestructive nature of HR MAS enables subsequent recovery of the organoids for further analyses based on nucleic acids or proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wybe J M van der Kemp
- Division of Imaging and Oncology, University Medical Centre (UMC) Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Maria T Grinde
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jon O Malvik
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Hanneke W M van Laarhoven
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeanine J Prompers
- Division of Imaging and Oncology, University Medical Centre (UMC) Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Dennis W J Klomp
- Division of Imaging and Oncology, University Medical Centre (UMC) Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Boudewijn Burgering
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Molecular Cancer Research, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Tone Frost Bathen
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Siver Andreas Moestue
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Pharmacy, Nord University, Bodø, Norway
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Bariås E, Jakubec M, Førsund E, Hjørnevik LV, Lewis AE, Halskau Ø. Contrasting the phospholipid profiles of two neoplastic cell lines reveal a high PC:PE ratio for SH-SY5Y cells relative to A431 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 656:23-29. [PMID: 36947963 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Lipids have been implicated in Parkinson's Disease (PD). We therefore studied the lipid profile of the neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line, which is used extensively in PD research and compared it to that of the A431 epithelial cancer cell line. We have isolated whole cell extracts (WC) and plasma membrane (PM) fractions of both cell lines. The isolates were analyzed with 31P NMR. We observed a significant higher abundance of phosphatidylcholine (PC) for SH-SY5Y cells for both WC (55 ± 4.1%) and PM (63.3 ± 3.1%) compared to WC (40.5 ± 2.2%) and PM (43.4 ± 1.3%) of A431. Moreover, a higher abundance of phosphatidylethanolamine was detected for the WC of A431 compared to the SH-SY5Y. Using LC-MS/MS, we also determined the relative abundance of fatty acid (FA) moieties for each phospholipid class, finding that SH-SY5Y had high polyunsaturated FA levels, including arachidonic acid compared to A431 cells. When comparing our results to reported compositions of brain and neural tissues, we note the much higher PC levels, as well as very low levels of docosahexaenoic acid. However, relative levels of arachidonic acid and other polyunsaturated fatty acids were elevated, in line with what is desirable for a neural model system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Espen Bariås
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Martin Jakubec
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Norway; Department of Chemistry, University of Tromsø, Norway
| | - Elise Førsund
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Aurélia E Lewis
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Norway.
| | - Øyvind Halskau
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Norway.
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Rizzo A, Racca M, Albano D, Dondi F, Bertagna F, Annunziata S, Treglia G. Can PSMA-Targeting Radiopharmaceuticals Be Useful for Detecting Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using Positron Emission Tomography? An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:1368. [PMID: 36355540 PMCID: PMC9699564 DOI: 10.3390/ph15111368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 08/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies proposed the use of positron emission tomography (PET) with Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA)-targeting radiopharmaceuticals in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our aim is to calculate the detection rate (DR) of this examination in HCC with a meta-analysis. METHODS A comprehensive literature search of studies on the DR of PET/CT or PET/MRI with PSMA-targeting radiopharmaceuticals in HCC was performed. Original articles evaluating these imaging examinations both in newly diagnosed HCC patients and HCC patients with disease relapse were included. Pooled DR including 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) was calculated. Statistical heterogeneity was also assessed using the I2 test. RESULTS The meta-analysis of six selected studies (126 patients) provided a DR of 85.9% for PET imaging with PSMA-targeting radiopharmaceuticals in the diagnosis of HCC. Moderate statistical heterogeneity among the included studies was found (I2 = 56%). CONCLUSIONS The quantitative data provided demonstrate the high DR of PET/CT or PET/MRI with PSMA-targeting radiopharmaceuticals for HCC lesion detection. However, more studies are needed to confirm the promising role of PSMA-targeted PET in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Rizzo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO—IRCCS, 10060 Turin, Italy
| | - Manuela Racca
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO—IRCCS, 10060 Turin, Italy
| | - Domenico Albano
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Università Degli Studi di Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Francesco Dondi
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Università Degli Studi di Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Francesco Bertagna
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Università Degli Studi di Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Salvatore Annunziata
- Unità di Medicina Nucleare, TracerGLab, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgio Treglia
- Clinic of Nuclear Medicine, Imaging Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, 6501 Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università Della Svizzera Italiana, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
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Miriam Jose A, Rasool M. Choline kinase: An underappreciated rheumatoid arthritis therapeutic target. Life Sci 2022; 309:121031. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Serum Metabolomics Profiling Reveals Metabolic Alterations Prior to a Diagnosis with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer among Chinese Community Residents: A Prospective Nested Case-Control Study. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12100906. [PMID: 36295809 PMCID: PMC9610639 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12100906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The present high mortality of lung cancer in China stems mainly from the lack of feasible, non-invasive and early disease detection biomarkers. Serum metabolomics profiling to reveal metabolic alterations could expedite the disease detection process and suggest those patients who are harboring disease. Using a nested case-control design, we applied ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based serum metabolomics to reveal the metabolomic alterations and to indicate the presence of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using serum samples collected prior to disease diagnoses. The studied serum samples were collected from 41 patients before a NSCLC diagnosis (within 3.0 y) and 38 matched the cancer-free controls from the prospective Shanghai Suburban Adult Cohort. The NSCLC patients markedly presented cellular metabolism alterations in serum samples collected prior to their disease diagnoses compared with the cancer-free controls. In total, we identified 18 significantly expressed metabolites whose relative abundance showed either an upward or a downward trend, with most of them being lipid and lipid-like molecules, organic acids, and nitrogen compounds. Choline metabolism in cancer, sphingolipid, and glycerophospholipid metabolism emerged as the significant metabolic disturbance of NSCLC. The metabolites involved in these biological processes may be the distinctive features associated with NSCLC prior to a diagnosis.
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Non-Invasive Differential Diagnosis of Cervical Neoplastic Lesions by the Lipid Profile Analysis of Cervical Scrapings. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12090883. [PMID: 36144287 PMCID: PMC9506087 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12090883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is one of the most common cancers in women with pronounced stages of precancerous lesions. Accurate differential diagnosis of such lesions is one of the primary challenges of medical specialists, which is vital to improving patient survival. The aim of this study was to develop and test an algorithm for the differential diagnosis of cervical lesions based on lipid levels in scrapings from the cervical epithelium and cervicovaginal canal. The lipid composition of the samples was analyzed by high-performance chromato-mass spectrometry. Lipid markers were selected using the Mann–Whitney test with a cutoff value of 0.05 and by projections to latent structures discriminant analysis, where a projection threshold of one was chosen. The final selection of variables for binomial logistic regressions was carried out using the Akaike information criterion. As a result, a final neoplasia classification method, based on 20 logistic regression sub-models, has an accuracy of 79% for discrimination NILM/cervicitis/LSIL/HSIL/cancer. The model has a sensitivity of 83% and a specificity of 88% for discrimination of several lesions (HSIL and cancer). This allows us to discuss the prospective viability of further validation of the developed non-invasive method of differential diagnosis.
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Lopci E, Castello A, Mansi L. FDG PET/CT for Staging and Restaging Malignant Mesothelioma. Semin Nucl Med 2022; 52:806-815. [PMID: 35965111 DOI: 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2022.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Malignant mesothelioma is an aggressive tumor originating from the mesothelial cells and presenting in general with a very poor prognosis. The pleural localization represents the prevailing disease site, while peritoneal involvement is commonly rare. The WHO classifies mesotheliomas into epithelioid, biphasic, and sarcomatoid histotypes, having diverse outcome with the sarcomatoid or biphasic forms showing the poorest prognosis. Given the peculiar rind-like pattern of growth, mesothelioma assessment is rather challenging for medical imagers. Conventional imaging is principally based on contrast-enhanced CT, while the role of functional and metabolic imaging is regarded as complementary. By focusing essentially on the staging and restaging role of [18F]FDG PET/CT in malignant mesotheliomas, the present review will summarize the available data present in literature and provide some hints on alternative imaging and future perspectives. Given the prevailing incidence of pleural disease, the majority of the information will be addressed on malignant pleural mesothelioma, although a summary of principal characteristics and imaging findings in patients with peritoneal mesothelioma will be also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egesta Lopci
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, IRCCS - Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy.
| | - Angelo Castello
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi Mansi
- Interuniversity Research Center for the Sustainable Development (CIRPS), Rome, Italy
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12
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Ghidaglia J, Golse N, Pascale A, Sebagh M, Besson FL. 18F-FDG /18F-Choline Dual-Tracer PET Behavior and Tumor Differentiation in HepatoCellular Carcinoma. A Systematic Review. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:924824. [PMID: 35872754 PMCID: PMC9300997 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.924824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Post-operative recurrence remains the strongest prognostic factor of resected hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), making the accurate selection of patients with curable HCC a crucial issue. PET imaging combining both 18F-FDG and fatty acid synthase (FAS) radiotracers—such as Choline—has shown its interest for the initial staging and therapeutic management of patients with HCC, but its use is still not consensual. Importantly, the very first dual-tracer PET studies suggested 18F-FDG/FAS PET behavior be linked to the degree of differentiation of HCC, a major predictive factor of post-operative recurrence. Although this key molecular imaging concept may impact how dual-tracer PET will be used in early-stage HCC, its level of evidence remains largely unexplored. In this study, we conducted a systematic review of the available evidence-based data to clarify the relevance of dual 18F-FDG/18F-Choline PET in characterizing the degree of differentiation of HCC tumors. Methods A systematic search of the PubMed/Medline and Embase databases was performed up to November 2021. A systematic review of the dual-tracer 18F-FDG/18F-Choline PET behavior of histology-proven HCC according to their degree of differentiation was conducted. The overall quality of the included studies was critically assessed based on the STROBE guidelines. Information on study date, design, patient cohort characteristics, grade of differentiation of HCC tumors, and the dual-tracer PET behavior per HCC was independently extracted and summarized. Results From 440 records initially available, 6 full-text articles (99 histology-proven HCC) provided dual-tracer 18F-FDG/18F-Choline PET behavior per HCC tumor grade were included in the systematic review. Based on our analysis, 43/99 HCCs were reported to be well-differentiated, and 56/99 HCCs were reported to be less-differentiated tumors. In the well-differentiated subgroup, more than half were exclusively positive for 18F-Choline (51%), whereas 39% were positive for both 18F-FDG and 18F-Choline. In the less-differentiated subgroup, 37% of HCC patients were positive exclusively for FDG, 36% were positive for both 18F-FDG and 18F-Choline, and 25% were positive exclusively for 18F-Choline. Conclusion The 18F-FDG/18F-Choline dual-tracer PET behavior of uptake shows high overlap between well- and less differentiated HCC, making the characterization of tumors challenging based on such PET combination alone. Given our growing knowledge of the molecular complexity of HCC, further studies are necessary to refine our understanding of radiotracers’ behavior in this field and improve the usefulness of PET imaging in the clinical decision process of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Ghidaglia
- Department of Biophysics and Nuclear Medicine-Molecular Imaging, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Saclay, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Nicolas Golse
- Centre Hépato Biliaire, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Saclay, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, Physiopathogénèse et Traitement des Maladies du Foie, UMR-S 1193, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Alina Pascale
- Centre Hépato Biliaire, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Saclay, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Villejuif, France
| | - Mylène Sebagh
- Department of Pathology, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Saclay, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Florent L Besson
- Department of Biophysics and Nuclear Medicine-Molecular Imaging, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Saclay, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, School of Medicine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Inserm, BioMaps, Orsay, France
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Park H, Wang Q. State-of-the-art accounts of hyperpolarized 15N-labeled molecular imaging probes for magnetic resonance spectroscopy and imaging. Chem Sci 2022; 13:7378-7391. [PMID: 35872812 PMCID: PMC9241963 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc01264b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperpolarized isotope-labeled agents have significantly advanced nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and imaging (MRS/MRI) of physicochemical activities at molecular levels. An emerging advance in this area is exciting developments of 15N-labeled hyperpolarized MR agents to enable acquisition of highly valuable information that was previously inaccessible and expand the applications of MRS/MRI beyond commonly studied 13C nuclei. This review will present recent developments of these hyperpolarized 15N-labeled molecular imaging probes, ranging from endogenous and drug molecules, and chemical sensors, to various 15N-tagged biomolecules. Through these examples, this review will provide insights into the target selection and probe design rationale and inherent challenges of HP imaging in hopes of facilitating future developments of 15N-based biomedical imaging agents and their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyejin Park
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University Durham NC 27708 USA
| | - Qiu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University Durham NC 27708 USA
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A Comprehensive Metabolomics Analysis of Fecal Samples from Advanced Adenoma and Colorectal Cancer Patients. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12060550. [PMID: 35736483 PMCID: PMC9229737 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12060550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Accurate diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) still relies on invasive colonoscopy. Noninvasive methods are less sensitive in detecting the disease, particularly in the early stage. In the current work, a metabolomics analysis of fecal samples was carried out by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectroscopy (UPLC-MS/MS). A total of 1380 metabolites were analyzed in a cohort of 120 fecal samples from patients with normal colonoscopy, advanced adenoma (AA) and CRC. Multivariate analysis revealed that metabolic profiles of CRC and AA patients were similar and could be clearly separated from control individuals. Among the 25 significant metabolites, sphingomyelins (SM), lactosylceramides (LacCer), secondary bile acids, polypeptides, formiminoglutamate, heme and cytidine-containing pyrimidines were found to be dysregulated in CRC patients. Supervised random forest (RF) and logistic regression algorithms were employed to build a CRC accurate predicted model consisting of the combination of hemoglobin (Hgb) and bilirubin E,E, lactosyl-N-palmitoyl-sphingosine, glycocholenate sulfate and STLVT with an accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of 91.67% (95% Confidence Interval (CI) 0.7753–0.9825), 0.7 and 1, respectively.
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15
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Starodubtseva NL, Chagovets VV, Nekrasova ME, Nazarova NM, Tokareva AO, Bourmenskaya OV, Attoeva DI, Kukaev EN, Trofimov DY, Frankevich VE, Sukhikh GT. Shotgun Lipidomics for Differential Diagnosis of HPV-Associated Cervix Transformation. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12060503. [PMID: 35736434 PMCID: PMC9229224 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12060503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A dramatic increase in cervical diseases associated with human papillomaviruses (HPV) in women of reproductive age has been observed over the past decades. An accurate differential diagnosis of the severity of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and the choice of the optimal treatment requires the search for effective biomarkers with high diagnostic and prognostic value. The objective of this study was to introduce a method for rapid shotgun lipidomics to differentiate stages of HPV-associated cervix epithelium transformation. Tissue samples from 110 HPV-positive women with cervicitis (n = 30), low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) (n = 30), high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) (n = 30), and cervical cancers (n = 20) were obtained. The cervical epithelial tissue lipidome at different stages of cervix neoplastic transformation was studied by a shotgun label-free approach. It is based on electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) data of a tissue extract. Lipidomic data were processed by the orthogonal projections to latent structures discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) to build statistical models, differentiating stages of cervix transformation. Significant differences in the lipid profile between the lesion and surrounding tissues were revealed in chronic cervicitis, LSIL, HSIL, and cervical cancer. The lipids specific for HPV-induced cervical transformation mainly belong to glycerophospholipids: phosphatidylcholines, and phosphatidylethanolamines. The developed diagnostic OPLS-DA models were based on 23 marker lipids. More than 90% of these marker lipids positively correlated with the degree of cervix transformation. The algorithm was developed for the management of patients with HPV-associated diseases of the cervix, based on the panel of 23 lipids as a result. ESI-MS analysis of a lipid extract by direct injection through a loop, takes about 25 min (including preparation of the lipid extract), which is significantly less than the time required for the HPV test (several hours for hybrid capture and about an hour for PCR). This makes lipid mass spectrometric analysis a promising method for express diagnostics of HPV-associated neoplastic diseases of the cervix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia L. Starodubtseva
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I., Kulakov of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (N.L.S.); (M.E.N.); (N.M.N.); (A.O.T.); (O.V.B.); (D.I.A.); (E.N.K.); (D.Y.T.); (V.E.F.); (G.T.S.)
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141700 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vitaliy V. Chagovets
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I., Kulakov of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (N.L.S.); (M.E.N.); (N.M.N.); (A.O.T.); (O.V.B.); (D.I.A.); (E.N.K.); (D.Y.T.); (V.E.F.); (G.T.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Maria E. Nekrasova
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I., Kulakov of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (N.L.S.); (M.E.N.); (N.M.N.); (A.O.T.); (O.V.B.); (D.I.A.); (E.N.K.); (D.Y.T.); (V.E.F.); (G.T.S.)
| | - Niso M. Nazarova
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I., Kulakov of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (N.L.S.); (M.E.N.); (N.M.N.); (A.O.T.); (O.V.B.); (D.I.A.); (E.N.K.); (D.Y.T.); (V.E.F.); (G.T.S.)
| | - Alisa O. Tokareva
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I., Kulakov of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (N.L.S.); (M.E.N.); (N.M.N.); (A.O.T.); (O.V.B.); (D.I.A.); (E.N.K.); (D.Y.T.); (V.E.F.); (G.T.S.)
- V.L. Talrose Institute for Energy Problems of Chemical Physics, Russia Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga V. Bourmenskaya
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I., Kulakov of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (N.L.S.); (M.E.N.); (N.M.N.); (A.O.T.); (O.V.B.); (D.I.A.); (E.N.K.); (D.Y.T.); (V.E.F.); (G.T.S.)
| | - Djamilja I. Attoeva
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I., Kulakov of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (N.L.S.); (M.E.N.); (N.M.N.); (A.O.T.); (O.V.B.); (D.I.A.); (E.N.K.); (D.Y.T.); (V.E.F.); (G.T.S.)
| | - Eugenii N. Kukaev
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I., Kulakov of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (N.L.S.); (M.E.N.); (N.M.N.); (A.O.T.); (O.V.B.); (D.I.A.); (E.N.K.); (D.Y.T.); (V.E.F.); (G.T.S.)
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141700 Moscow, Russia
- V.L. Talrose Institute for Energy Problems of Chemical Physics, Russia Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitriy Y. Trofimov
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I., Kulakov of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (N.L.S.); (M.E.N.); (N.M.N.); (A.O.T.); (O.V.B.); (D.I.A.); (E.N.K.); (D.Y.T.); (V.E.F.); (G.T.S.)
| | - Vladimir E. Frankevich
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I., Kulakov of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (N.L.S.); (M.E.N.); (N.M.N.); (A.O.T.); (O.V.B.); (D.I.A.); (E.N.K.); (D.Y.T.); (V.E.F.); (G.T.S.)
| | - Gennady T. Sukhikh
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I., Kulakov of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (N.L.S.); (M.E.N.); (N.M.N.); (A.O.T.); (O.V.B.); (D.I.A.); (E.N.K.); (D.Y.T.); (V.E.F.); (G.T.S.)
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, Perinatology and Reproductology, First Moscow State Medical University Named after I.M. Sechenov, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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Determination of Glycerophospholipids in Biological Material Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Charged Aerosol Detector HPLC-CAD-A New Approach for Isolation and Quantification. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27103356. [PMID: 35630833 PMCID: PMC9146369 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The method of using high-performance liquid chromatography with a charged aerosol detector method (HPLC-CAD) was developed for the separation and determination of phospholipids isolated from cell membranes. The established cell lines—normal and neoplastic prostate cells and normal skin fibroblasts and melanoma cells—were selected for the study. Chromatographic separation was performed in the diol stationary phase using a gradient elution based on a mixture of n-hexane, isopropanol and water with the addition of triethylamine and acetic acid as buffer additives. Taking the elements of the Folch and Bligh–Dyer methods, an improved procedure for lipid isolation from biological material was devised. Ultrasound-assisted extraction included three extraction steps and changed the composition of the extraction solvent, which led to higher recovery of the tested phospholipids. This method was validated by assessing the analytical range, precision, intermediate precision and accuracy. The analytical range was adjusted to the expected concentrations in cell extracts of various origins (from 40 µg/mL for PS up to 10 mg/mL for PC). Both precision and intermediate precision were at a similar level and ranged from 3.5% to 9.0%. The recovery for all determined phospholipids was found to be between 95% and 110%. The robustness of the method in terms of the use of equivalent columns was also confirmed. Due to the curvilinear response of CAD, the quantification was based on an internal standard method combined with a power function transformation of the normalized peak areas, allowing the linearization of the signal with an R2 greater than 0.996. The developed method was applied for the isolation and determination of glycerophospholipids from cell membranes, showing that the profile of the tested substances was characteristic of various types of cells. This method can be used to assess changes in metabolism between normal cells and neoplastic cells or cells with certain pathologies or genetic changes.
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Magnetic resonance spectroscopic evidence of increased choline in the dorsolateral prefrontal and visual cortices in recent onset schizophrenia. Neurosci Lett 2022; 770:136410. [PMID: 34933057 PMCID: PMC9332487 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.136410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A complete characterization of neurometabolite profiles in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in recent onset schizophrenia (SZ) remains elusive. Filling in this knowledge gap is essential in order to better understand how the neurochemistry of this region contributes to SZ pathology. To that end, DLPFC N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), myo-inositol, glutamate, choline, and creatine levels were examined by 3 T magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in recent onset individuals with SZ (n = 40) and healthy controls (HC) (n = 47). Metabolite levels were also examined in the visual cortex (VC) as a control region. People with SZ showed significantly higher choline in both the DLPFC and VC, but no differences in NAA, myo-inositol, glutamate, or creatine in either region. A trend-level negative correlation was also observed between DLPFC NAA and negative symptoms in SZ. Our results suggest that choline is increased in both the prefrontal and occipital cortices in recent onset SZ, and that DLPFC NAA levels may be inversely related to negative symptoms in the illness. The observed increase in choline-containing compounds in both DLPFC and VC in recent onset SZ could reflect increased membrane remodeling such as occurs in activated microglia and astrocytes in response to neuroinflammation.
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Liu Y, Qi C, Zheng L, Li J, Wang L, Yang Y. 1H-NMR based metabolic study of MMTV-PyMT mice along with pathological progress to screen biomarkers for the early diagnosis of breast cancer. Mol Omics 2022; 18:167-177. [DOI: 10.1039/d1mo00387a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This study showed the common metabolic changes between BC patients and mice, which were related to pathological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceuticals, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, P. R. China
| | - Cuiling Qi
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceuticals, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Lingyun Zheng
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceuticals, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Jiangchao Li
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceuticals, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Lijing Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceuticals, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yongxia Yang
- Pharmacy Information Engineering Department, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
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Javaid S, Farooq T, Rehman Z, Afzal A, Ashraf W, Rasool MF, Alqahtani F, Alsanea S, Alasmari F, Alanazi MM, Alharbi M, Imran I. Dynamics of Choline-Containing Phospholipids in Traumatic Brain Injury and Associated Comorbidities. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111313. [PMID: 34768742 PMCID: PMC8583393 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidences of traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are increasing globally because of expanding population and increased dependencies on motorized vehicles and machines. This has resulted in increased socio-economic burden on the healthcare system, as TBIs are often associated with mental and physical morbidities with lifelong dependencies, and have severely limited therapeutic options. There is an emerging need to identify the molecular mechanisms orchestrating these injuries to life-long neurodegenerative disease and a therapeutic strategy to counter them. This review highlights the dynamics and role of choline-containing phospholipids during TBIs and how they can be used to evaluate the severity of injuries and later targeted to mitigate neuro-degradation, based on clinical and preclinical studies. Choline-based phospholipids are involved in maintaining the structural integrity of the neuronal/glial cell membranes and are simultaneously the essential component of various biochemical pathways, such as cholinergic neuronal transmission in the brain. Choline or its metabolite levels increase during acute and chronic phases of TBI because of excitotoxicity, ischemia and oxidative stress; this can serve as useful biomarker to predict the severity and prognosis of TBIs. Moreover, the effect of choline-replenishing agents as a post-TBI management strategy has been reviewed in clinical and preclinical studies. Overall, this review determines the theranostic potential of choline phospholipids and provides new insights in the management of TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Javaid
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan; (S.J.); (T.F.); (Z.R.); (A.A.); (W.A.); (I.I.)
- Department of Pharmacy, The Women University, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Talha Farooq
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan; (S.J.); (T.F.); (Z.R.); (A.A.); (W.A.); (I.I.)
| | - Zohabia Rehman
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan; (S.J.); (T.F.); (Z.R.); (A.A.); (W.A.); (I.I.)
| | - Ammara Afzal
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan; (S.J.); (T.F.); (Z.R.); (A.A.); (W.A.); (I.I.)
| | - Waseem Ashraf
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan; (S.J.); (T.F.); (Z.R.); (A.A.); (W.A.); (I.I.)
| | - Muhammad Fawad Rasool
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan;
| | - Faleh Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (F.A.); (M.M.A.); (M.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-114697749
| | - Sary Alsanea
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (F.A.); (M.M.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Fawaz Alasmari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (F.A.); (M.M.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Mohammed Mufadhe Alanazi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (F.A.); (M.M.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Metab Alharbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (F.A.); (M.M.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Imran Imran
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan; (S.J.); (T.F.); (Z.R.); (A.A.); (W.A.); (I.I.)
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Retter A, Gong F, Syer T, Singh S, Adeleke S, Punwani S. Emerging methods for prostate cancer imaging: evaluating cancer structure and metabolic alterations more clearly. Mol Oncol 2021; 15:2565-2579. [PMID: 34328279 PMCID: PMC8486595 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Imaging plays a fundamental role in all aspects of the cancer management pathway. However, conventional imaging techniques are largely reliant on morphological and size descriptors that have well-known limitations, particularly when considering targeted-therapy response monitoring. Thus, new imaging methods have been developed to characterise cancer and are now routinely implemented, such as diffusion-weighted imaging, dynamic contrast enhancement, positron emission technology (PET) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy. However, despite the improvement these techniques have enabled, limitations still remain. Novel imaging methods are now emerging, intent on further interrogating cancers. These techniques are at different stages of maturity along the biomarker pathway and aim to further evaluate the cancer microstructure (vascular, extracellular and restricted diffusion for cytometry in tumours) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), luminal water fraction imaging] as well as the metabolic alterations associated with cancers (novel PET tracers, hyperpolarised MRI). Finally, the use of machine learning has shown powerful potential applications. By using prostate cancer as an exemplar, this Review aims to showcase these potentially potent imaging techniques and what stage we are at in their application to conventional clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tom Syer
- UCL Centre for Medical ImagingLondonUK
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Prvulovic Bunovic N, Sveljo O, Kozic D, Boban J. Is Elevated Choline on Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy a Reliable Marker of Breast Lesion Malignancy? Front Oncol 2021; 11:610354. [PMID: 34567998 PMCID: PMC8462297 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.610354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Contemporary magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the breast represents a powerful diagnostic modality for cancer detection, with excellent sensitivity and high specificity. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is being explored as an additional tool for improving specificity in breast cancer detection, using multiparametric MRI. The aim of this study was to examine the possibility of 1H-MRS to discriminate malignant from benign breast lesions, using elevated choline (Cho) peak as an imaging biomarker. Methods A total of 60 patients were included in this prospective study: 30 with malignant (average age, 55.2 years; average lesion size, 35 mm) and 30 with benign breast lesions (average age, 44.8 years; average lesion size, 20 mm), who underwent multiparametric MRI with multivoxel 3D 1H-MRS on a 1.5-T scanner in a 3-year period. Three patients with benign breast lesions were excluded from the study. All lesions were histologically verified. Peaks identified on 1H-MRS were lipid (0.9, 2.3, 2.8, and 5.2 ppm), choline (3.2 ppm), and water peaks (4.7 ppm). Sensitivity and specificity, as well as positive and negative predictive values, were defined using ROC curves. Cohen's Kappa test of inter-test reliability was performed [testing the agreement between 1H-MRS and histologic finding, and 1H-MRS and MR mammography (MRM)]. Results Choline peak was elevated in 24/30 malignant lesions and in 20/27 benign breast lesions. The sensitivity of 1H-MRS was 0.8, specificity was 0.741, positive predictive value was 0.774, and negative predictive value was 0.769. Area under ROC was 0.77 (CI 0.640-0.871). Inter-test reliability between 1H-MRS and histologic finding was 0.543 (moderate agreement) and that between 1H-MRS and MRM was 0.573 (moderate agreement). False-negative findings were most frequently observed in invasive lobular cancers, while false-positive findings were most frequently observed in adenoid fibroadenomas. Conclusion Although elevation of the choline peak has a good sensitivity and specificity in breast cancer detection, both are significantly lower than those of multiparametric MRM. Inclusion of spectra located on tumor margins as well as analysis of lipid peaks could aid both sensitivity and specificity. An important ratio of false-positive and false-negative findings in specific types of breast lesions (lobular cancer and adenoid fibroadenoma) suggests interpreting these lesions with a caveat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasa Prvulovic Bunovic
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia.,Center for Diagnostic Imaging, Oncology Institute of Vojvodina, Sremska Kamenica, Serbia
| | - Olivera Sveljo
- Center for Diagnostic Imaging, Oncology Institute of Vojvodina, Sremska Kamenica, Serbia.,Department for Telecommunications and Signal Processing, Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Dusko Kozic
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia.,Center for Diagnostic Imaging, Oncology Institute of Vojvodina, Sremska Kamenica, Serbia
| | - Jasmina Boban
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia.,Center for Diagnostic Imaging, Oncology Institute of Vojvodina, Sremska Kamenica, Serbia
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22
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Multi-Omic Approaches to Breast Cancer Metabolic Phenotyping: Applications in Diagnosis, Prognosis, and the Development of Novel Treatments. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13184544. [PMID: 34572770 PMCID: PMC8470181 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13184544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is characterized by high disease heterogeneity and represents the most frequently diagnosed cancer among women worldwide. Complex and subtype-specific gene expression alterations participate in disease development and progression, with BC cells known to rewire their cellular metabolism to survive, proliferate, and invade. Hence, as an emerging cancer hallmark, metabolic reprogramming holds great promise for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. Multi-omics approaches (the combined analysis of various types of omics data) offer opportunities to advance our understanding of the molecular changes underlying metabolic rewiring in complex diseases such as BC. Recent studies focusing on the combined analysis of genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and/or metabolomics in different BC subtypes have provided novel insights into the specificities of metabolic rewiring and the vulnerabilities that may guide therapeutic development and improve patient outcomes. This review summarizes the findings of multi-omics studies focused on the characterization of the specific metabolic phenotypes of BC and discusses how they may improve clinical BC diagnosis, subtyping, and treatment.
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23
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Rubtsova NI, Hart MC, Arroyo AD, Osharovich SA, Liebov BK, Miller J, Yuan M, Cochran JM, Chong S, Yodh AG, Busch TM, Delikatny EJ, Anikeeva N, Popov AV. NIR Fluorescent Imaging and Photodynamic Therapy with a Novel Theranostic Phospholipid Probe for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells. Bioconjug Chem 2021; 32:1852-1863. [PMID: 34139845 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.1c00295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
New exogenous probes are needed for both imaging diagnostics and therapeutics. Here, we introduce a novel nanocomposite near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent imaging probe and test its potency as a photosensitizing agent for photodynamic therapy (PDT) against triple-negative breast cancer cells. The active component in the nanocomposite is a small molecule, pyropheophorbide a-phosphatidylethanolamine-QSY21 (Pyro-PtdEtn-QSY), which is imbedded into lipid nanoparticles for transport in the body. The probe targets abnormal choline metabolism in cancer cells; specifically, the overexpression of phosphatidylcholine-specific phospholipase C (PC-PLC) in breast, prostate, and ovarian cancers. Pyro-PtdEtn-QSY consists of a NIR fluorophore and a quencher, attached to a PtdEtn moiety. It is selectively activated by PC-PLC resulting in enhanced fluorescence in cancer cells compared to normal cells. In our in vitro investigation, four breast cancer cell lines showed higher probe activation levels than noncancerous control cells, immortalized human mammary gland cells, and normal human T cells. Moreover, the ability of this nanocomposite to function as a sensitizer in PDT experiments on MDA-MB-231 cells suggests that the probe is promising as a theranostic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia I Rubtsova
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3620 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Michael C Hart
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3620 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Alejandro D Arroyo
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3620 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Sofya A Osharovich
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3620 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Benjamin K Liebov
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3620 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Joann Miller
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Bldg 421, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Min Yuan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Bldg 421, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Jeffrey M Cochran
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, 3231 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Sanghoon Chong
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, 3231 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Arjun G Yodh
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, 3231 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Theresa M Busch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Bldg 421, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - E James Delikatny
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3620 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Nadia Anikeeva
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, United States
| | - Anatoliy V Popov
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3620 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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24
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Maravat M, Bertrand M, Landon C, Fayon F, Morisset-Lopez S, Sarou-Kanian V, Decoville M. Complementary Nuclear Magnetic Resonance-Based Metabolomics Approaches for Glioma Biomarker Identification in a Drosophila melanogaster Model. J Proteome Res 2021; 20:3977-3991. [PMID: 34286978 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.1c00304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Human malignant gliomas are the most common type of primary brain tumor. Composed of glial cells and their precursors, they are aggressive and highly invasive, leading to a poor prognosis. Due to the difficulty of surgically removing tumors and their resistance to treatments, novel therapeutic approaches are needed to improve patient life expectancy and comfort. Drosophila melanogaster is a compelling genetic model to better understanding human neurological diseases owing to its high conservation in signaling pathways and cellular content of the brain. Here, glioma has been induced in Drosophila by co-activating the epidermal growth factor receptor and the phosphatidyl-inositol-3 kinase signaling pathways. Complementary nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques were used to obtain metabolic profiles in the third instar larvae brains. Fresh organs were directly studied by 1H high resolution-magic angle spinning (HR-MAS) NMR, and brain extracts were analyzed by solution-state 1H-NMR. Statistical analyses revealed differential metabolic signatures, impacted metabolic pathways, and glioma biomarkers. Each method was efficient to determine biomarkers. The highlighted metabolites including glucose, myo-inositol, sarcosine, glycine, alanine, and pyruvate for solution-state NMR and proline, myo-inositol, acetate, and glucose for HR-MAS show very good performances in discriminating samples according to their nature with data mining based on receiver operating characteristic curves. Combining results allows for a more complete view of induced disturbances and opens the possibility of deciphering the biochemical mechanisms of these tumors. The identified biomarkers provide a means to rebalance specific pathways through targeted metabolic therapy and to study the effects of pharmacological treatments using Drosophila as a model organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Maravat
- CNRS, CEMHTI UPR3079, Université d'Orléans, F-45071 Orléans, France
| | | | - Céline Landon
- CNRS, CBM UPR4301, Université d'Orléans, F-45071 Orléans, France
| | - Franck Fayon
- CNRS, CEMHTI UPR3079, Université d'Orléans, F-45071 Orléans, France
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25
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Current Trends in Non-Invasive Imaging of Interactions in the Liver Tumor Microenvironment Mediated by Tumor Metabolism. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13153645. [PMID: 34359547 PMCID: PMC8344973 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Deregulated tumor metabolism is known to shape the tumor microenvironment and directly affect the local immune response, promoting tumor growth, metastasis, and resistance to treatment. However, the metabolic profile or tumor cells, and therefore, the composition of their microenvironment, are highly variable among patients and even within the same tumor, resulting in heterogeneous response rates to oncologic therapies, making patient selection a key issue. This review article focuses on non-invasive imaging techniques that aim to visualize the crosstalk between tumor cells and their microenvironment in liver cancer mediated by tumor metabolism. In addition to improved tumor detection, such imaging tools may be able to provide a more accurate characterization of the individual tumor and ultimately improve understanding, as well as guide personalized treatment regimens for patients with liver cancer. Abstract With the increasing understanding of resistance mechanisms mediated by the metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells, there is a growing clinical interest in imaging technologies that allow for the non-invasive characterization of tumor metabolism and the interactions of cancer cells with the tumor microenvironment (TME) mediated through tumor metabolism. Specifically, tumor glycolysis and subsequent tissue acidosis in the realms of the Warburg effect may promote an immunosuppressive TME, causing a substantial barrier to the clinical efficacy of numerous immuno-oncologic treatments. Thus, imaging the varying individual compositions of the TME may provide a more accurate characterization of the individual tumor. This approach can help to identify the most suitable therapy for each individual patient and design new targeted treatment strategies that disable resistance mechanisms in liver cancer. This review article focuses on non-invasive positron-emission tomography (PET)- and MR-based imaging techniques that aim to visualize the crosstalk between tumor cells and their microenvironment in liver cancer mediated by tumor metabolism.
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26
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Pandey SK, Paul A, Shteinfer-Kuzmine A, Zalk R, Bunz U, Shoshan-Barmatz V. SMAC/Diablo controls proliferation of cancer cells by regulating phosphatidylethanolamine synthesis. Mol Oncol 2021; 15:3037-3061. [PMID: 33794068 PMCID: PMC8564633 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
SMAC/Diablo, a pro-apoptotic protein, yet it is overexpressed in several cancer types. We have described a noncanonical function for SMAC/Diablo as a regulator of lipid synthesis during cancer cell proliferation and development. Here, we explore the molecular mechanism through which SMAC/Diablo regulates phospholipid synthesis. We showed that SMAC/Diablo directly interacts with mitochondrial phosphatidylserine decarboxylase (PSD) and inhibits its catalytic activity during synthesis of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) from phosphatidylserine (PS). Unlike other phospholipids (PLs), PE is synthesized not only in the endoplasmic reticulum but also in mitochondria. As a result, PSD activity and mitochondrial PE levels were increased in the mitochondria of SMAC/Diablo-deficient cancer cells, with the total amount of cellular PLs and phosphatidylcholine (PC) being lower as compared to SMAC-expressing cancer cells. Moreover, in the absence of SMAC/Diablo, PSD inhibited cancer cell proliferation by catalysing the overproduction of mitochondrial PE and depleting the cellular levels of PC, PE and PS. Additionally, we demonstrated that both SMAC/Diablo and PSD colocalization in the nucleus resulted in increased levels of nuclear PE, that acts as a signalling molecule in regulating several nuclear activities. By using a peptide array composed of 768-peptides derived from 11 SMAC-interacting proteins, we identified six nuclear proteins ARNT, BIRC2, MAML2, NR4A1, BIRC5 and HTRA2 Five of them also interacted with PSD through motifs that are not involved in SMAC binding. Synthetic peptides carrying the PSD-interacting motifs of these proteins could bind purified PSD and inhibit the PSD catalytic activity. When targeted specifically to the mitochondria or the nucleus, these synthetic peptides inhibited cancer cell proliferation. To our knowledge, these are the first reported inhibitors of PSD acting also as inhibitors of cancer cell proliferation. Altogether, we demonstrated that phospholipid metabolism and PE synthesis regulated by the SMAC-PSD interaction are essential for cancer cell proliferation and may be potentially targeted for treating cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swaroop Kumar Pandey
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.,National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Avijit Paul
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.,National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Anna Shteinfer-Kuzmine
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.,National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Ran Zalk
- Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science & Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Uwe Bunz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Varda Shoshan-Barmatz
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.,National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
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27
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Komoroski RA, Lee JH, Welge JA, Dudley JA, Chu WJ, Mahoney MC. 1H MR Spectroscopy of Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy Specimens for the Discrimination of Breast Cancer. Radiol Imaging Cancer 2021; 2:e200033. [PMID: 33778749 DOI: 10.1148/rycan.2020200033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To determine whether MR spectroscopic assessment of fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy specimens from suspicious breast lesions could be used to improve the diagnostic utility of FNA biopsies for the characterization of breast lesions. Materials and Methods In this prospective study, a previously reported technique using high-spatial-resolution proton MR spectroscopy was modified and used to examine the utility of FNA biopsies in the evaluation of suspicious breast lesions. Tissue samples from 115 lesions (from 102 women; average age, 54 years) were excised by using FNA and core biopsies and were collected between September 7, 2012, and April 11, 2014. Histologic results from core biopsy specimens determined the lesions to be benign (n = 55), invasive ductal carcinoma (n = 51), invasive lobular carcinoma (n = 5), or ductal carcinoma in situ (n = 4). Measures of phosphocholine (PC), glycerophosphocholine, and choline relative to each other and to total creatine (tCr) were obtained from usable spectra. Planned comparisons among lesion groups were carried out using t test contrasts, and differences of each contrast level from zero were judged significant when the two-tailed P value was less than .05. Results Of the 115 samples, 69 (60%) yielded no usable MR spectra. Analysis of the 46 with usable spectra found that only the difference in PC/tCr between benign and cancer lesions was statistically significant (P = .028). Conclusion Given that 60% of FNA biopsy specimens yielded no usable spectra and that results were largely inconclusive when derived from usable spectra, the combined MR and FNA technique, as modified and implemented in this study, is of little value for detection and diagnosis of breast cancer.Keywords: Breast, MR-Spectroscopy, Neoplasms-Primary© RSNA, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard A Komoroski
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience (R.A.K., J.H.L., J.A.W., W.J.C.) and Department of Radiology (M.C.M.), College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 234 Goodman St, ML 761, Cincinnati, OH 45267; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio (J.H.L.); and Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio (J.A.D.)
| | - Jing-Huei Lee
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience (R.A.K., J.H.L., J.A.W., W.J.C.) and Department of Radiology (M.C.M.), College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 234 Goodman St, ML 761, Cincinnati, OH 45267; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio (J.H.L.); and Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio (J.A.D.)
| | - Jeffrey A Welge
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience (R.A.K., J.H.L., J.A.W., W.J.C.) and Department of Radiology (M.C.M.), College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 234 Goodman St, ML 761, Cincinnati, OH 45267; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio (J.H.L.); and Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio (J.A.D.)
| | - Jonathan A Dudley
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience (R.A.K., J.H.L., J.A.W., W.J.C.) and Department of Radiology (M.C.M.), College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 234 Goodman St, ML 761, Cincinnati, OH 45267; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio (J.H.L.); and Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio (J.A.D.)
| | - Wen-Jang Chu
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience (R.A.K., J.H.L., J.A.W., W.J.C.) and Department of Radiology (M.C.M.), College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 234 Goodman St, ML 761, Cincinnati, OH 45267; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio (J.H.L.); and Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio (J.A.D.)
| | - Mary C Mahoney
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience (R.A.K., J.H.L., J.A.W., W.J.C.) and Department of Radiology (M.C.M.), College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 234 Goodman St, ML 761, Cincinnati, OH 45267; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio (J.H.L.); and Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio (J.A.D.)
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28
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Iorio E, Podo F, Leach MO, Koutcher J, Blankenberg FG, Norfray JF. A novel roadmap connecting the 1H-MRS total choline resonance to all hallmarks of cancer following targeted therapy. Eur Radiol Exp 2021; 5:5. [PMID: 33447887 PMCID: PMC7809082 DOI: 10.1186/s41747-020-00192-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This review describes a cellular adaptive stress signalling roadmap connecting the 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) total choline peak at 3.2 ppm (tCho) to cancer response after targeted therapy (TT). Recent research on cell signalling, tCho metabolism, and TT of cancer has been retrospectively re-examined. Signalling research describes how the unfolded protein response (UPR), a major stress signalling network, transduces, regulates, and rewires the total membrane turnover in different cancer hallmarks after a TT stress. In particular, the UPR signalling maintains or increases total membrane turnover in all pro-survival hallmarks, whilst dramatically decreases turnover during apoptosis, a pro-death hallmark. Recent research depicts the TT-induced stress as a crucial event responsible for interrupting UPR pro-survival pathways, leading to an UPR-mediated cell death. The 1H-MRS tCho resonance represents the total mobile precursors and products during the enzymatic modification of phosphatidylcholine membrane abundance. The tCho profile represents a biomarker that noninvasively monitors TT-induced enzymatic changes in total membrane turnover in a wide variety of existing and new anticancer treatments targeting specific layers of the UPR signalling network. Our overview strongly suggests further evaluating and validating the 1H-MRS tCho peak as a powerful noninvasive imaging biomarker of cancer response in TT clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egidio Iorio
- High Resolution NMR Unit-Core Facilities, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161, Roma, Italy.
| | - Franca Podo
- High Resolution NMR Unit-Core Facilities, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161, Roma, Italy
| | - Martin O Leach
- MRI Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital, Downs Road, Sutton, Surrey, SM2 5PT, UK
| | - Jason Koutcher
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | | | - Joseph F Norfray
- Emeritus, Chicago Northside MRI Center, 2818 N. Sheridan Rd, Chicago, IL, 60657, USA
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29
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Lipid Regulatory Proteins as Potential Therapeutic Targets for Ovarian Cancer in Obese Women. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113469. [PMID: 33233362 PMCID: PMC7700662 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity has become a recognized global epidemic that is associated with numerous comorbidities including type II diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and cancer incidence and progression. Ovarian cancer (OvCa) has a unique mechanism of intra-peritoneal metastasis, already present in 80% of women at the time of diagnosis, making it the fifth leading cause of death from gynecological malignancy. Meta-analyses showed that obesity increases the risk of OvCa progression, leads to enhanced overall and organ-specific tumor burden, and adversely effects survival of women with OvCa. Recent data discovered that tumors grown in mice fed on a western diet (40% fat) have elevated lipid levels and a highly increased expression level of sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP1). SREBP1 is a master transcription factor that regulates de novo lipogenesis and lipid homeostasis, and induces lipogenic reprogramming of tumor cells. Elevated SREBP1 levels are linked to cancer cell proliferation and metastasis. This review will summarize recent findings to provide a current understanding of lipid regulatory proteins in the ovarian tumor microenvironment with emphasis on SREBP1 expression in the obese host, the role of SREBP1 in cancer progression and metastasis, and potential therapeutic targeting of SREBPs and SREBP-pathway genes in treating cancers, particularly in the context of host obesity.
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30
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De Castro F, Vergaro V, Benedetti M, Baldassarre F, Del Coco L, Dell'Anna MM, Mastrorilli P, Fanizzi FP, Ciccarella G. Visible Light-Activated Water-Soluble Platicur Nanocolloids: Photocytotoxicity and Metabolomics Studies in Cancer Cells. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:6836-6851. [PMID: 35019346 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems for cancer therapy offer a great promising opportunity as they specifically target cancer cells, also increasing the bioavailability of anticancer drugs characterized by low water solubility. Platicur, [Pt(cur) (NH3)2](NO3), is a cis-diamine-platinum(II) complex linked to curcumin. In this work, an ultrasonication method, coupled with layer by layer technology, allows us to obtain highly aqueous stable Platicur nanocolloids of about 100 nm. The visible light-activated Platicur nanocolloids showed an increased drug release and antitumor activity on HeLa cells, with respect to Platicur nanocolloids in darkness. This occurrence could give very interesting insight into selective activation of the nanodelivered Pt(II) complex and possible side-effect lowering. For the first time, the metabolic effects of Platicur nanocolloid photoactivation, in the HeLa cell line, have been investigated using an NMR-based metabolomics approach coupled with statistical multivariate data analysis. The reported results highlight specific metabolic differences between photoactivated and non-photoactivated Platicur NC-treated HeLa cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica De Castro
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Viviana Vergaro
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.,Institute of Nanotechnology, CNR NANOTEC, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Michele Benedetti
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Francesca Baldassarre
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.,Institute of Nanotechnology, CNR NANOTEC, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Laura Del Coco
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | | | | | - Francesco Paolo Fanizzi
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ciccarella
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.,Institute of Nanotechnology, CNR NANOTEC, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
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Huang D, Liu J, Eldridge RC, Gaul DA, Paine MRL, Uppal K, MacDonald TJ, Fernández FM. Lipidome signatures of metastasis in a transgenic mouse model of sonic hedgehog medulloblastoma. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:7017-7027. [PMID: 32794007 PMCID: PMC7982123 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02837-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Medulloblastoma (MB), the most common malignant pediatric brain tumor, has high propensity to metastasize. Currently, the standard treatment for MB patients includes radiation therapy administered to the entire brain and spine for the purpose of treating or preventing against metastasis. Due to this aggressive treatment, the majority of long-term survivors will be left with permanent and debilitating neurocognitive impairment, for the 30-40% patients that fail to respond to treatment, all will relapse with terminal metastatic disease. An understanding of the underlying biology that drives MB metastasis is lacking, and is critically needed in order to develop targeted therapeutics for its prevention. To examine the metastatic biology of sonic hedgehog (SHH) MB, the human MB subgroup with the worst clinical outcome in children, we first generated a robust SmoA1-Math-GFP mouse model that reliably reproduces human SHH MB whereby metastases can be visualized under fluorescence microscopy. Lipidome alterations associated with metastasis were then investigated by applying ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) under positive ionization mode to primary tumor samples collected from mice without (n = 18) and with (n = 7) metastasis. Thirty-four discriminant lipids associated with SHH MB metastasis were successfully annotated, including ceramides (Cers), sphingomyelins (SMs), triacylglycerols (TGs), diacylglycerols (DGs), phosphatidylcholines (PCs), and phosphatidic acids (PAs). This study provides deeper insights into dysregulations of lipid metabolism associated with SHH MB metastatic progression, and thus serves as a guide toward novel targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danning Huang
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Jingbo Liu
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | | | - David A Gaul
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | | | - Karan Uppal
- Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Tobey J MacDonald
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
| | - Facundo M Fernández
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
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Zu Z, Lin EC, Louie EA, Xu J, Li H, Xie J, Lankford CL, Chekmenev EY, Swanson SD, Does MD, Gore JC, Gochberg DF. Relayed nuclear Overhauser enhancement sensitivity to membrane Cho phospholipids. Magn Reson Med 2020; 84:1961-1976. [PMID: 32243662 PMCID: PMC8238412 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Phospholipids are key constituents of cell membranes and serve vital functions in the regulation of cellular processes; thus, a method for in vivo detection and characterization could be valuable for detecting changes in cell membranes that are consequences of either normal or pathological processes. Here, we describe a new method to map the distribution of partially restricted phospholipids in tissues. METHODS The phospholipids were measured by signal changes caused by relayed nuclear Overhauser enhancement-mediated CEST between the phospholipid Cho headgroup methyl protons and water at around -1.6 ppm from the water resonance. The biophysical basis of this effect was examined by controlled manipulation of head group, chain length, temperature, degree of saturation, and presence of cholesterol. Additional experiments were performed on animal tumor models to evaluate potential applications of this novel signal while correcting for confounding contributions. RESULTS Negative relayed nuclear Overhauser dips in Z-spectra were measured from reconstituted Cho phospholipids with cholesterol but not for other Cho-containing metabolites or proteins. Significant contrast was found between tumor and contralateral normal tissue signals in animals when comparing both the measured saturation transfer signal and a more specific imaging metric. CONCLUSION We demonstrated specific relayed nuclear Overhauser effects in partially restricted phospholipid phantoms and similar effects in solid brain tumors after correcting for confounding signal contributions, suggesting possible translational applications of this novel molecular imaging method, which we name restricted phospholipid transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongliang Zu
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Eugene C. Lin
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Elizabeth A. Louie
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Junzhong Xu
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Deparment of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Hua Li
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
- Deparment of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Jingping Xie
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Christopher L. Lankford
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Scott D. Swanson
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Mark D. Does
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - John C. Gore
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Deparment of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Daniel F. Gochberg
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Deparment of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
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Abstract
The major applications for molecular imaging with PET in clinical practice concern cancer imaging. Undoubtedly, 18F-FDG represents the backbone of nuclear oncology as it remains so far the most widely employed positron emitter compound. The acquired knowledge on cancer features, however, allowed the recognition in the last decades of multiple metabolic or pathogenic pathways within the cancer cells, which stimulated the development of novel radiopharmaceuticals. An endless list of PET tracers, substantially covering all hallmarks of cancer, has entered clinical routine or is being investigated in diagnostic trials. Some of them guard significant clinical applications, whereas others mostly bear a huge potential. This chapter summarizes a selected list of non-FDG PET tracers, described based on their introduction into and impact on clinical practice.
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Zichri SB, Kolusheva S, Shames AI, Schneiderman EA, Poggio JL, Stein DE, Doubijensky E, Levy D, Orynbayeva Z, Jelinek R. Mitochondria membrane transformations in colon and prostate cancer and their biological implications. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2020; 1863:183471. [PMID: 32931774 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2020.183471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria have emerged as important determinants in cancer progression and malignancy. However, the role of mitochondrial membranes in cancer onset and progression has not been thoroughly investigated. This study compares the structural and functional properties of mitochondrial membranes in prostate and colon cancer cells in comparison to normal mitochondria, and possible therapeutic implications of these membrane changes. Specifically, isolation of cell mitochondria and preparation of inverted sub-mitochondrial particles (SMPs) illuminated significant cancer-induced modulations of membrane lipid compositions, fluidity, and activity of cytochrome c oxidase, one of the key mitochondrial enzymes. The experimental data further show that cancer-associated membrane transformations may account for mitochondria targeting by betulinic acid and resveratrol, known anti-cancer molecules. Overall, this study probes the relationship between cancer and mitochondrial membrane transformations, underlying a potential therapeutic significance for mitochondrial membrane targeting in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shani Ben Zichri
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Sofiya Kolusheva
- Ilze Katz Center for Nanotechnology, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | | | - Elina Abaev Schneiderman
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty for Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Juan L Poggio
- Department of Surgery, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA
| | - David E Stein
- Department of Surgery, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA
| | - Elena Doubijensky
- Ilze Katz Center for Nanotechnology, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Dan Levy
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty for Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Zulfiya Orynbayeva
- Department of Surgery, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA.
| | - Raz Jelinek
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel; Ilze Katz Center for Nanotechnology, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel.
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Lulijwa R, Alfaro AC, Merien F, Burdass M, Meyer J, Venter L, Young T. Metabolic and immune responses of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) smolts to a short-term poly (I:C) challenge. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2020; 96:731-746. [PMID: 31995234 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid [poly (I:C)] was administered in vivo to Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) post-smolts to determine the immune responses on haematological and cellular functional parameters, including spleen (SP), head kidney (HK) and red blood cell (RBC) cytokine expression, as well as serum metabolomics. Poly (I:C) in vivo (24 h exposure) did not affect fish haematological parameters, leucocyte phagocytic activity and phagocytic index, reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide production. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-based metabolomics revealed that poly (I:C) significantly altered the serum biochemistry profile of 25 metabolites. Metabolites involved in the branched-chain amino acid/glutathione and transsulphuration pathways and phospholipid metabolism accumulated in poly (I:C)-treated fish, whereas those involved in the glycolytic and energy metabolism pathways were downregulated. At cytokine transcript level, poly (I:C) induced a significant upregulation of antiviral ifnγ in HK and Mx1 protein in HK, SP and RBCs. This study provides evidence for poly (I:C)-induced, immune-related biomarkers at metabolic and molecular levels in farmed O. tshawytscha in vivo. These findings provide insights into short-term effects of poly (I:C) at haematological, innate and adaptive immunity and metabolic levels, setting the stage for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Lulijwa
- Aquaculture Biotechnology Research Group, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
- National Agricultural Research Organisation (NARO), Rwebitaba Zonal Agricultural Research and Development Institute (Rwebitaba-ZARDI), Fort Portal, Uganda
| | - Andrea C Alfaro
- Aquaculture Biotechnology Research Group, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Fabrice Merien
- Aquaculture Biotechnology Research Group, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
- AUT-Roche Diagnostics Laboratory, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Mark Burdass
- Nelson Marlborough Institute of Technology (NMIT), Nelson, New Zealand
| | - Jill Meyer
- Aquaculture Biotechnology Research Group, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
- AUT-Roche Diagnostics Laboratory, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Leonie Venter
- Aquaculture Biotechnology Research Group, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Tim Young
- Aquaculture Biotechnology Research Group, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
- The Centre for Biomedical and Chemical Sciences, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
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Beloueche-Babari M, Casals Galobart T, Delgado-Goni T, Wantuch S, Parkes HG, Tandy D, Harker JA, Leach MO. Monocarboxylate transporter 1 blockade with AZD3965 inhibits lipid biosynthesis and increases tumour immune cell infiltration. Br J Cancer 2020; 122:895-903. [PMID: 31937921 PMCID: PMC7078321 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-019-0717-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) is a regulator of cell metabolism and a therapeutic target for cancer treatment. Understanding the changes in tumour function accompanying MCT1 inhibition will better characterise the anti-tumour effects of MCT1 inhibitors, potentially enabling the identification of pharmacodynamic biomarkers for the clinical development of these agents. METHODS We assessed the impact of the MCT1 inhibitor AZD3965 on tumour metabolism and immune cell infiltration as key determinants of tumour biological function in the MCT1-dependent Raji B cell lymphoma model. RESULTS Treatment of Raji xenograft-bearing severe combined immunodeficiency mice with AZD3965 led to inhibition of tumour growth paralleled with a decrease in tumour choline, as detected by non-invasive in vivo proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. This effect was attributed to inhibition of phosphocholine de novo synthesis following decreased choline kinase α protein and messenger RNA expression that correlated with the AZD3965-induced build-up in intracellular lactate. These changes were concomitant with increased tumour immune cell infiltration involving dendritic and natural killer cells. CONCLUSIONS Our data provide new insights into the metabolic and cellular changes that occur in the tumour microenvironment following MCT1 blockade, which may contribute to the anti-tumour activity of AZD3965 and could have potential as pharmacodynamic biomarkers of MCT1 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mounia Beloueche-Babari
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Imaging Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, SW7 3RP, UK.
| | - Teresa Casals Galobart
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Imaging Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Teresa Delgado-Goni
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Imaging Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Slawomir Wantuch
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Imaging Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Harold G Parkes
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Imaging Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Debbie Tandy
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, SW7 3RP, London, UK
| | - James A Harker
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, London, UK
| | - Martin O Leach
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Imaging Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, SW7 3RP, UK.
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Imaging and Tissue Biomarkers of Choline Metabolism in Diffuse Adult Glioma: 18F-Fluoromethylcholine PET/CT, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, and Choline Kinase α. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11121969. [PMID: 31817833 PMCID: PMC6966628 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11121969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The cellular and molecular basis of choline uptake on PET imaging and MRS-visible choline-containing compounds is not well understood. Choline kinase alpha (ChoKα) is an enzyme that phosphorylates choline, an essential step in membrane synthesis. We investigate choline metabolism through 18F-fluoromethylcholine (18F-FMC) PET, MRS, and tissue ChoKα in human glioma. Fourteen patients with a suspected diffuse glioma underwent multimodal 3T MRI and dynamic 18F-FMC PET/CT prior to surgery. Co-registered PET and MRI data were used to target biopsies to regions of high and low choline signal, and immunohistochemistry for ChoKα expression was performed. The 18F-FMC/PET differentiated WHO (World Health Organization) grade IV from grade II and III tumours, whereas MRS differentiated grade III/IV from grade II tumours. Tumoural 18F-FMC/PET uptake was higher than in normal-appearing white matter across all grades and markedly elevated within regions of contrast enhancement. The 18F-FMC/PET correlated weakly with MRS Cho ratios. ChoKα expression on IHC was negative or weak in all but one glioblastoma sample, and did not correlate with tumour grade or imaging choline markers. MRS and 18F-FMC/PET provide complimentary information on glioma choline metabolism. Tracer uptake is, however, potentially confounded by blood–brain barrier permeability. ChoKα overexpression does not appear to be a common feature in diffuse glioma.
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38
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van der Kemp WJ, van der Velden TA, Schmitz AM, Gilhuijs KG, Luijten PR, Klomp DW, Wijnen JP. Shortening of apparent transverse relaxation time of inorganic phosphate as a breast cancer biomarker. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2019; 32:e4011. [PMID: 30311703 PMCID: PMC6899594 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus MRS offers a non-invasive tool for monitoring cell energy and phospholipid metabolism and can be of additional value in diagnosing cancer and monitoring cancer therapy. In this study, we determined the transverse relaxation times of a number of phosphorous metabolites in a group of breast cancer patients by adiabatic multi-echo spectroscopic imaging at 7 T. The transverse relaxation times of phosphoethanolamine, phosphocholine, inorganic phosphate (Pi ), glycerophosphocholine and glycerophosphatidylcholine were 184 ± 8 ms, 203 ± 17 ms, 87 ± 8 ms, 240 ± 56 ms and 20 ± 10 ms, respectively. The transverse relaxation time of Pi in breast cancer tissue was less than half that of healthy fibroglandular tissue. This effect is most likely caused by an up-regulation of glycolysis in breast cancer tissue that leads to interaction of Pi with the GAPDH enzyme, which forms part of the reversible pathway of exchange of Pi with gamma-adenosine tri-phosphate, thus shortening its apparent transverse relaxation time. As healthy breast tissue shows very little glycolytic activity, the apparent T2 shortening of Pi due to malignant transformation could possibly be used as a biomarker for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kenneth G. Gilhuijs
- Department of RadiologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Peter R. Luijten
- Department of RadiologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Dennis W.J. Klomp
- Department of RadiologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Jannie P. Wijnen
- Department of RadiologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
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Arlauckas SP, Browning EA, Poptani H, Delikatny EJ. Imaging of cancer lipid metabolism in response to therapy. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2019; 32:e4070. [PMID: 31107583 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Lipids represent a diverse array of molecules essential to the cell's structure, defense, energy, and communication. Lipid metabolism can often become dysregulated during tumor development. During cancer therapy, targeted inhibition of cell proliferation can likewise cause widespread and drastic changes in lipid composition. Molecular imaging techniques have been developed to monitor altered lipid profiles as a biomarker for cancer diagnosis and treatment response. For decades, MRS has been the dominant non-invasive technique for studying lipid metabolite levels. Recent insights into the oncogenic transformations driving changes in lipid metabolism have revealed new mechanisms and signaling molecules that can be exploited using optical imaging, mass spectrometry imaging, and positron emission tomography. These novel imaging modalities have provided researchers with a diverse toolbox to examine changes in lipids in response to a wide array of anticancer strategies including chemotherapy, radiation therapy, signal transduction inhibitors, gene therapy, immunotherapy, or a combination of these strategies. The understanding of lipid metabolism in response to cancer therapy continues to evolve as each therapeutic method emerges, and this review seeks to summarize the current field and areas of unmet needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean Philip Arlauckas
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Systems Biology, Mass General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Anne Browning
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Harish Poptani
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Edward James Delikatny
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Jagannathan NR. Application of in vivo MR methods in the study of breast cancer metabolism. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2019; 32:e4032. [PMID: 30456917 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Revised: 08/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In the last two decades, various in vivo MR methodologies have been evaluated for their potential in the study of cancer metabolism. During malignant transformation, metabolic alterations occur, leading to morphological and functional changes. Among various MR methods, in vivo MRS has been extensively used in breast cancer to study the metabolism of cells, tissues or whole organs. It provides biochemical information at the metabolite level. Altered choline, phospholipid and energy metabolism has been documented using proton (1 H), phosphorus (31 P) and carbon (13 C) isotopes. Increased levels of choline-containing compounds, phosphomonoesters and phosphodiesters in breast cancer, which are indicative of altered choline and phospholipid metabolism, have been reported using in vivo, in vitro and ex vivo NMR studies. These changes are reversed on successful therapy, which depends on the treatment regimen given. Monitoring the various tumor intermediary metabolic pathways using nuclear spin hyperpolarization of 13 C-labeled substrates by dynamic nuclear polarization has also been recently reported. Furthermore, the utility of various methods such as diffusion, dynamic contrast and perfusion MRI have also been evaluated to study breast tumor metabolism. Parameters such as tumor volume, apparent diffusion coefficient, volume transfer coefficient and extracellular volume ratio are estimated. These parameters provide information on the changes in tumor microstructure, microenvironment, abnormal vasculature, permeability and grade of the tumor. Such changes seen during cancer progression are due to alterations in the tumor metabolism, leading to changes in cell architecture. Due to architectural changes, the tissue mechanical properties are altered; this can be studied using magnetic resonance elastography, which measures the elastic properties of tissues. Moreover, these structural MRI methods can be used to investigate the effect of therapy-induced changes in tumor characteristics. This review discusses the potential of various in vivo MR methodologies in the study of breast cancer metabolism.
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Sonkar K, Ayyappan V, Tressler CM, Adelaja O, Cai R, Cheng M, Glunde K. Focus on the glycerophosphocholine pathway in choline phospholipid metabolism of cancer. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2019; 32:e4112. [PMID: 31184789 PMCID: PMC6803034 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Activated choline metabolism is a hallmark of carcinogenesis and tumor progression, which leads to elevated levels of phosphocholine and glycerophosphocholine in all types of cancer tested so far. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy applications have played a key role in detecting these elevated choline phospholipid metabolites. To date, the majority of cancer-related studies have focused on phosphocholine and the Kennedy pathway, which constitutes the biosynthesis pathway for membrane phosphatidylcholine. Fewer and more recent studies have reported on the importance of glycerophosphocholine in cancer. In this review article, we summarize the recent literature on glycerophosphocholine metabolism with respect to its cancer biology and its detection by magnetic resonance spectroscopy applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanchan Sonkar
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Vinay Ayyappan
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Caitlin M. Tressler
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Oluwatobi Adelaja
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ruoqing Cai
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Menglin Cheng
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Kristine Glunde
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Giallourou NS, Rowland IR, Rothwell SD, Packham G, Commane DM, Swann JR. Metabolic targets of watercress and PEITC in MCF-7 and MCF-10A cells explain differential sensitisation responses to ionising radiation. Eur J Nutr 2019; 58:2377-2391. [PMID: 30066177 PMCID: PMC6689287 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-018-1789-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Watercress is a rich source of phytochemicals with anticancer potential, including phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC). We examined the potential for watercress extracts and PEITC to increase the DNA damage caused by ionising radiation (IR) in breast cancer cells and to be protective against radiation-induced collateral damage in healthy breast cells. The metabolic events that mediate such responses were explored using metabolic profiling. METHODS 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy-based metabolic profiling was coupled with DNA damage-related assays (cell cycle, Comet assay, viability assays) to profile the comparative effects of watercress and PEITC in MCF-7 breast cancer cells and MCF-10A non-tumorigenic breast cells with and without exposure to IR. RESULTS Both the watercress extract and PEITC-modulated biosynthetic pathways of lipid and protein synthesis and resulted in changes in cellular bioenergetics. Disruptions to the redox balance occurred with both treatments in the two cell lines, characterised by shifts in the abundance of glutathione. PEITC enhanced the sensitivity of the breast cancer cells to IR increasing the effectiveness of the cancer-killing process. In contrast, watercress-protected non-tumorigenic breast cells from radiation-induced damage. These effects were driven by changes in the cellular content of the antioxidant glutathione following exposure to PEITC and other phytochemicals in watercress. CONCLUSION These findings support the potential prophylactic impact of watercress during radiotherapy. Extracted compounds from watercress and PEITC differentially modulate cellular metabolism collectively enhancing the therapeutic outcomes of radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasa S Giallourou
- Department of Food and Nutritional Science, University of Reading, Reading, UK
- Division of Computational and Systems Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Ian R Rowland
- Department of Food and Nutritional Science, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Steve D Rothwell
- Vitacress, Lower Link Farm, St Mary Bourne, Andover, Hampshire, UK
| | - Graham Packham
- Cancer Research UK Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Daniel M Commane
- Department of Food and Nutritional Science, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Jonathan R Swann
- Division of Computational and Systems Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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Krikken E, van der Kemp WJ, Khlebnikov V, van Dalen T, Los M, van Laarhoven HW, Luijten PR, van den Bosch MA, Klomp DW, Wijnen JP. Contradiction between amide-CEST signal and pH in breast cancer explained with metabolic MRI. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2019; 32:e4110. [PMID: 31136039 PMCID: PMC6772111 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Metabolic MRI is a noninvasive technique that can give new insights into understanding cancer metabolism and finding biomarkers to evaluate or monitor treatment plans. Using this technique, a previous study has shown an increase in pH during neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) treatment, while recent observation in a different study showed a reduced amide proton transfer (APT) signal during NAC treatment (negative relation). These findings are counterintuitive, given the known intrinsic positive relation of APT signal to pH. METHODS In this study we combined APT MRI and 31 P-MRSI measurements to unravel the relation between the APT signal and pH in breast cancer. Twenty-two breast cancer patients were scanned with a 7 T MRI before and after the first cycle of NAC treatment. pH was determined by the chemical shift of inorganic phosphate (Pi). RESULTS While APT signals have a positive relation to pH and amide content, we observed a direct negative linear correlation between APT signals and pH in breast tumors in vivo. CONCLUSIONS As differentiation of cancer stages was confirmed by observation of a linear correlation between cell proliferation marker PE/Pi (phosphoethanolamine over inorganic phosphate) and pH in the tumor, our data demonstrates that the concentration of mobile proteins likely supersedes the contribution of the exchange rate to the APT signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erwin Krikken
- Department of RadiologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | | | - Vitaliy Khlebnikov
- Department of RadiologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | | | - Maartje Los
- Department of Medical OncologySt. Antonius ZiekenhuisNieuwegein/UtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Hanneke W.M. van Laarhoven
- Department of Medical Oncology, Academic Medical Centre AmsterdamCancer Center AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Peter R. Luijten
- Department of RadiologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | | | - Dennis W.J. Klomp
- Department of RadiologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Jannie P. Wijnen
- Department of RadiologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
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Sharma U, Jagannathan NR. In vivo MR spectroscopy for breast cancer diagnosis. BJR Open 2019; 1:20180040. [PMID: 33178927 PMCID: PMC7592438 DOI: 10.1259/bjro.20180040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a significant health concern in females, worldwide. In vivo proton (1H) MR spectroscopy (MRS) has evolved as a non-invasive tool for diagnosis and for biochemical characterization of breast cancer. Water-to-fat ratio, fat and water fractions and choline containing compounds (tCho) have been identified as diagnostic biomarkers of malignancy. Detection of tCho in normal breast tissue of volunteers and in lactating females limits the use of tCho as a diagnostic marker. Technological developments like high-field scanners, multi channel coils, pulse sequences with water and fat suppression facilitated easy detection of tCho. Also, quantification of tCho and its cut-off for objective assessment of malignancy have been reported. Meta-analysis of in vivo 1H MRS studies have documented the pooled sensitivities and the specificities in the range of 71-74% and 78-88%, respectively. Inclusion of MRS has been shown to enhance the diagnostic specificity of MRI, however, detection of tCho in small sized lesions (≤1 cm) is challenging even at high magnetic fields. Potential of MRS in monitoring the effect of chemotherapy in breast cancer has also been reported. This review briefly presents the potential clinical role of in vivo 1H MRS in the diagnosis of breast cancer, its current status and future developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uma Sharma
- Department of NMR & MRI Facility, All India Institute of Medical Sciences , New Delhi, India
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Krikken E, van der Kemp WJM, van Diest PJ, van Dalen T, van Laarhoven HWM, Luijten PR, Klomp DWJ, Wijnen JP. Early detection of changes in phospholipid metabolism during neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients using phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 7T. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2019; 32:e4086. [PMID: 30924571 PMCID: PMC6593799 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this work was to investigate whether noninvasive early detection (after the first cycle) of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in breast cancer patients was possible. 31 P-MRSI at 7 T was used to determine different phosphor metabolites ratios and correlate this to pathological response. 31 P-MRSI was performed in 12 breast cancer patients treated with NAC. 31 P spectra were fitted and aligned to the frequency of phosphoethanolamine (PE). Metabolic signal ratios for phosphomonoesters/phosphodiesters (PME/PDE), phosphocholine/glycerophosphatidylcholine (PC/GPtC), phosphoethanolamine/glycerophosphoethanolamine (PE/GPE) and phosphomonoesters/in-organic phosphate (PME/Pi) were determined from spectral fitting of the individual spectra and the summed spectra before and after the first cycle of NAC. Metabolic ratios were subsequently related to pathological response. Additionally, the correlation between the measured metabolic ratios and Ki-67 levels was determined using linear regression. Four patients had a pathological complete response after treatment, five patients a partial pathological response, and three patients did not respond to NAC. In the summed spectrum after the first cycle of NAC, PME/Pi and PME/PDE decreased by 18 and 13%, respectively. A subtle difference among the different response groups was observed in PME/PDE, where the nonresponders showed an increase and the partial and complete responders a decrease (P = 0.32). No significant changes in metabolic ratios were found. However, a significant association between PE/Pi and the Ki-67 index was found (P = 0.03). We demonstrated that it is possible to detect subtle changes in 31 P metabolites with a 7 T MR system after the first cycle of NAC treatment in breast cancer patients. Nonresponders showed different changes in metabolic ratios compared with partial and complete responders, in particular for PME/PDE; however, more patients need to be included to investigate its clinical value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erwin Krikken
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Wybe J M van der Kemp
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Paul J van Diest
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Thijs van Dalen
- Department of Surgery, Diakonessenhuis, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Peter R Luijten
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Dennis W J Klomp
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jannie P Wijnen
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Ehman EC, Thompson SM, Welch BT, Johnson DR, McGregor HCJ. PET Imaging of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. CURRENT RADIOLOGY REPORTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40134-019-0329-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Bertagna F, Albano D, Giovanella L, Giubbini R, Treglia G. F18-choline/C11-choline PET/CT thyroid incidentalomas. Endocrine 2019; 64:203-208. [PMID: 30637562 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-019-01841-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Thyroid incidentaloma is defined as a thyroid lesion incidentally and newly detected by imaging techniques performed for an unrelated purpose and especially for a non-thyroid disease. Aim of this review is to evaluate the prevalence and clinical significance of focal incidental radiolabelled choline uptake in the thyroid gland (CTI) revealed by PET or PET/CT. METHODS A comprehensive computer literature search of the PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Embase databases was conducted to find relevant published articles about the prevalence and clinical significance of CTIs detected by PET or PET/CT in patients studied for other oncologic purposes. RESULTS Fifteen articles (14 case reports, one retrospective study on a larger population sample) were included in the systematic review. Considering the case reports, 7/14 CTIs were benign and 7/14 malignant. In the retrospective study on a larger population sample, 14/15 CTIs which underwent further investigations were benign. CONCLUSION Despite very rare but probably underestimated, CTIs frequently signal in the presence of unexpected lesions in the thyroid that differ from the indicated reason for which the patient was initially scanned, and the risk of malignancy is not negligible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bertagna
- Nuclear Medicine, University of Brescia and Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Domenico Albano
- Nuclear Medicine, University of Brescia and Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Luca Giovanella
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT Center, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Raffaele Giubbini
- Nuclear Medicine, University of Brescia and Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giorgio Treglia
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT Center, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Health Technology Assessment Unit, General Directorate, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland
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Akbari Lakeh M, Tu A, Muddiman DC, Abdollahi H. Discriminating normal regions within cancerous hen ovarian tissue using multivariate hyperspectral image analysis. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2019; 33:381-391. [PMID: 30468547 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Identification of subregions under different pathological conditions on cancerous tissue is of great significance for understanding cancer progression and metastasis. Infrared matrix-assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (IR-MALDESI-MS) can be potentially used for diagnostic purposes since it can monitor spatial distribution and abundance of metabolites and lipids in biological tissues. However, the large size and high dimensionality of hyperspectral data make analysis and interpretation challenging. To overcome these barriers, multivariate methods were applied to IR-MALDESI data for the first time, aiming at efficiently resolving mass spectral images, from which these results were then used to identify normal regions within cancerous tissue. METHODS Molecular profiles of healthy and cancerous hen ovary tissues were generated by IR-MALDESI-MS. Principal component analysis (PCA) combined with color-coding built a single tissue image which summarizes the high-dimensional data features. Pixels with similar color indicated similar composition. PCA results from healthy tissue were further used to test each pixel in cancerous tissue to determine if it is healthy. Multivariate curve resolution-alternating least squares (MCR-ALS) was used to obtain major spatial features existing in ovary tissues, and group molecules with the same distribution patterns simultaneously. RESULTS PCA as the predominating dimensionality reduction approach captured over 90% spectral variances by the first three PCs. The PCA images show the cancerous tissue is more chemically heterogeneous than healthy tissue, where at least four regions with different m/z profiles can be differentiated. PCA modeling assigns top regions of cancerous tissue as healthy-like. MCR-ALS extracted three and four major compounds from healthy and cancerous tissue, respectively. Evaluating similarities of resolved spectra uncovered the chemical components that were distinct in some regions on cancerous tissue, serving as a supplementary way to differentiate healthy and cancerous regions. CONCLUSIONS Two unsupervised chemometric methods including PCA and MCR-ALS were applied for resolving and visualizing IR-MALDESI-MS data acquired from hen ovary tissues, improving the interpretation of mass spectrometry imaging results. Then possible normal regions were differentiated from cancerous tissue sections. No prior knowledge is required using either chemometric method, so our approach is readily suitable for unstained tissue samples, which allows one to reveal the molecular events happening during disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Akbari Lakeh
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, 45137-66731, Iran
| | - Anqi Tu
- Department of Chemistry, FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - David C Muddiman
- Department of Chemistry, FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
- Molecular Education, Technology, and Research Innovation Center, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Hamid Abdollahi
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, 45137-66731, Iran
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Response of Cisplatin Resistant Skov-3 Cells to [Pt( O,O'-Acac)(γ-Acac)(DMS)] Treatment Revealed by a Metabolomic ¹H-NMR Study. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23092301. [PMID: 30205612 PMCID: PMC6225129 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23092301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The novel [Pt(O,O′-acac)(γ-acac)(DMS)], Ptac2S, Pt(II) complex has recently gained increasing attention as a potential anticancer agent for its pharmacological activity shown in different tumor cell lines, studied both in vitro and in vivo. The mechanism of action of Ptac2S, operating on non-genomic targets, is known to be very different from that of cis-[PtCl2(NH3)2], cisplatin, targeting nucleic acids. In this work, we evaluated the cytotoxicity of Ptac2S on the cisplatin resistant Epithelial Ovarian Carcinoma (EOC), SKOV-3 cells, by the MTT assay. A 1H-NMR metabolomic approach coupled with multivariate statistical analysis was used for the first time for Ptac2S to figure out the biological mechanisms of action of the complex. The metabolic variations of intracellular metabolites and the composition of the corresponding extracellular culture media were compared to those of cisplatin (cells were treated at the IC50 doses of both drugs). The reported comparative metabolomic analysis revealed a very different metabolic profile between Ptac2S and cisplatin treated samples, thus confirming the different mechanism of action of Ptac2S also in the Epithelial Ovarian Carcinoma (EOC), SKOV-3 cells line. In particular, higher levels of pyruvate were observed in Ptac2S treated, with respect to cisplatin treated, cells (in both aqueous and culture media). In addition, a very different lipid expression resulted after the exposure to the two drugs (Ptac2S and cisplatin). These results suggest a possible explanation for the Ptac2S ability to circumvent cisplatin resistance in SKOV-3 cells.
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Liebov B, Arroyo AD, Rubtsova NI, Osharovich SA, Delikatny EJ, Popov AV. Nonprotecting Group Synthesis of a Phospholipase C Activatable Probe with an Azo-Free Quencher. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:6867-6873. [PMID: 29978148 PMCID: PMC6026834 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b00635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The near-infrared fluorescent activatable smart probe Pyro-phosphatidylethanolamine (PtdEtn)-QSY was synthesized and observed to selectively fluoresce in the presence of phosphatidylcholine-specific phospholipase C (PC-PLC). PC-PLC is an important biological target as it is known to be upregulated in a variety of cancers, including triple negative breast cancer. Pyro-PtdEtn-QSY features a QSY21 quenching moiety instead of the Black Hole Quencher-3 (BHQ-3) used previously because the latter contains an azo bond, which could lead to biological instability.
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