1
|
Brain P. Studies on Crowding: A Critical Analysis of the Implications of Studies on Rodents for the Human Situation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00207411.1975.11448690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
2
|
Soma KK, Scotti MAL, Newman AEM, Charlier TD, Demas GE. Novel mechanisms for neuroendocrine regulation of aggression. Front Neuroendocrinol 2008; 29:476-89. [PMID: 18280561 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2007.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2007] [Revised: 10/02/2007] [Accepted: 12/25/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In 1849, Berthold demonstrated that testicular secretions are necessary for aggressive behavior in roosters. Since then, research on the neuroendocrinology of aggression has been dominated by the paradigm that the brain receives gonadal hormones, primarily testosterone, which modulate relevant neural circuits. While this paradigm has been extremely useful, recent studies reveal important alternatives. For example, most vertebrate species are seasonal breeders, and many species show aggression outside of the breeding season, when gonads are regressed and circulating testosterone levels are typically low. Studies in birds and mammals suggest that an adrenal androgen precursor-dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)-may be important for the expression of aggression when gonadal testosterone synthesis is low. Circulating DHEA can be metabolized into active sex steroids within the brain. Another possibility is that the brain can autonomously synthesize sex steroids de novo from cholesterol, thereby uncoupling brain steroid levels from circulating steroid levels. These alternative neuroendocrine mechanisms to provide sex steroids to specific neural circuits may have evolved to avoid the "costs" of high circulating testosterone during particular seasons. Physiological indicators of season (e.g., melatonin) may allow animals to switch from one neuroendocrine mechanism to another across the year. Such mechanisms may be important for the control of aggression in many vertebrate species, including humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kiran K Soma
- Department of Psychology, Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
The Concept of Stress and Its Relevance for Animal Behavior. ADVANCES IN THE STUDY OF BEHAVIOR 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-3454(08)60362-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 248] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
|
4
|
Rodd ZA, Henricks KK, McCutcheon NB. Deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-induced sodium appetite in group-housed mice. Physiol Behav 1996; 60:1387-9. [PMID: 8916200 DOI: 10.1016/s0031-9384(96)00247-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Research investigating sodium hunger in mice has failed to produce evidence that mineralocorticoids are involved in sodium appetite. In our own laboratory, doses of deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) ranging from 1 mg/kg to 20 mg/kg have failed to induce a sodium appetite. In rats, glucocorticoids have been effective in potentiating mineralocorticoid-induced sodium appetite. Recent research has suggested that the mouse, like the rat, does possess mineralocorticoid sensitivity for sodium hunger but, unlike the rat, has a strong dependency on an accompanying glucocorticoid action. The present experiment was conducted to study the effects of DOCA on sodium appetite in mice under housing conditions that attempted to eliminate the reduction of corticosterone associated with social isolation. Therefore, male GHSC mice were group-housed and were tested within two counterbalanced treatment conditions. One condition consisted of an injection of 10 mg/kg DOCA on 2 consecutive days, and the other condition consisted of an injection of the vehicle on 2 consecutive days. Group-housed male GHSC mice showed a significantly larger amount of NaCl consumption after injections of DOCA than after injections of the vehicle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Z A Rodd
- Department of Psychology, University at Albany: State University of New York 12222, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Alleva E. Assessment of Aggressive Behavior in Rodents. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-185277-1.50012-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
|
6
|
Kemble ED. Resident–Intruder Paradigms for the Study of Rodent Aggression. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-185277-1.50013-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
|
7
|
Meehan WP, Leedom LJ, Nagayama T, Zeidler A. Hyperglycemia and fight-flight behavior in nondiabetic and diabetic mice. Physiol Behav 1987; 41:397-403. [PMID: 3432392 DOI: 10.1016/0031-9384(87)90072-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Glycemic responses to a resident-intruder encounter and to the drawing of blood from the retro-orbital sinus were studied in diabetic and normal male Swiss Webster mice. The diabetes induced with streptozotocin was either borderline, overt, or severe. The resident-intruder encounter consisted of a brief exposure to another male mouse trained to be aggressive. The blood collected was not sufficient (3% blood volume) to cause significant volume depletion. Behavior during the resident-intruder encounter was videotaped and later quantified. Borderline diabetic, overtly diabetic and nondiabetic mice responded to both procedures with significant increases in plasma glucose. The glycemic response to the resident-intruder encounter in these groups was significantly greater than that to the bleeding trial. The severely diabetic mice did not experience increases in plasma glucose in either test. Fight-flight behavior of nondiabetic mice was significantly correlated with increases in plasma glucose. Total activity was negatively correlated with change in plasma glucose in the borderline diabetic mice. In overtly diabetic mice no relationship between either measure and glucose increases was observed. These results indicate that plasma glucose elevation in overtly and severely diabetic mice is not as specific to behavior as in nondiabetic mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W P Meehan
- Department of Medicine, University of Southern California Medical School, Los Angeles 90033
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
|
9
|
Abstract
The effects of various neuropeptides on social behavior was studied in a test procedure in which 7-day isolated animals were tested together with non-isolated partners in dyadic encounters. The short-term isolation procedure increased the frequency and duration of social activities of the rats, but hardly affected non-social explorative behaviors of the animals. Systemic injection of certain neuropeptides, i.c. prolyl-leucyl-glycinamide (PLG), thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) and the ACTH 4-9 analog ORG 2766, reversed the isolation-induced increase in social activity, similarly as previously observed with antidepressant drugs. Subcutaneous treatment with beta-endorphin, alpha-endorphin and des-Tyr-gamma-endorphin increased social interactions in 7-day isolated animals. beta-Endorphin enhanced social behavior of non-isolated rats as well, whereas gamma-MSH decreased the social interactions of these animals. Both peptides affected especially social contact behavior. The potent action of beta-endorphin suggests that this peptide and opioid systems may play a physiological role in social behavior. It is proposed that a possible functional antagonism between ACTH-like peptides, especially gamma-MSH, and beta-endorphin may operate in social behavior. The action of the peptides may be rather specific for social behavior, since none of the neuropeptides affected non-social explorative behaviors of the rats during the social interaction test.
Collapse
|
10
|
|
11
|
Abstract
A common language is developing which describes how social interaction can lead to disease. There is a consensus based on forty years of psychophysiological research that emotion is the crucial driving force in a chain of events leading from psychosocial interaction to neuroendocrine changes. These changes, in turn, can induce physiological abnormalities eventually leading to pathologic changes. The emotions involved have been presented in a model in which a sympathetic adrenal-medullary effort-relaxation axis is contrasted with a pituitary adrenal-cortical elation-dejection axis. A further pituitary-gonadotropic axis for social success as opposed to low social assets is described. Although overlapping, each system can be shown to be related to a separate neuroendocrine mechanism whose activity pattern may be either exaggerated or suppressed. Social scientists like Kemper and gender psychologists like Bakan speak of separate power (agentic) and status (communion) axes. They appear to correspond broadly to the neuroendocrine mechanisms mentioned earlier. The changes induced by emotions are sufficiently powerful to regularly override the neuroendocrine feedback controls that should restore homeostasis. These overrides will either gradually or sometimes abruptly--as in cardiac arrhythmia--lead to pathophysiological changes and so to disease states, which are eventually fatal. Although social supports and social assets are successful in keeping neuroendocrine disturbances to a minimum in a healthy society, if the milieu is disordered, one's vulnerability is increased.
Collapse
|
12
|
Paterson AT, Vickers C. Melatonin and the adrenal cortex: relationship to territorial aggression in mice. Physiol Behav 1981; 27:983-7. [PMID: 6278521 DOI: 10.1016/0031-9384(81)90358-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
|
13
|
Hucklebridge FH, Gamal-el-Din L, Brain PF. Social status and the adrenal medulla in the house mouse (Mus musculus, L.). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1981. [DOI: 10.1016/s0163-1047(81)92110-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
14
|
Attempts to determine the status of electroshock-induced attack in male laboratory mice. Behav Processes 1981; 6:171-89. [DOI: 10.1016/0376-6357(81)90035-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/17/1980] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
15
|
Paterson AT, Rickerby J, Simpson J, Vickers C. Possible interaction of melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) and the pineal in the control of territorial aggression in mice. Physiol Behav 1980; 24:843-8. [PMID: 7190714 DOI: 10.1016/0031-9384(80)90138-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
|
16
|
Leshner AI, Korn SJ, Mixon JF, Rosenthal C, Besser AK. Effects of corticosterone on submissiveness in mice: some temporal and theoretical considerations. Physiol Behav 1980; 24:283-8. [PMID: 7189595 DOI: 10.1016/0031-9384(80)90087-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
|
17
|
Leshner AI. The interaction of experience and neuroendocrine factors in determining behavioral adaptations to aggression. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 1980; 53:427-38. [PMID: 6256815 DOI: 10.1016/s0079-6123(08)60081-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
|
18
|
Nowell NW, Thody AJ, Woodley R. alpha-Melanocyte stimulating hormone and aggressive behavior in the male mouse. Physiol Behav 1980; 24:5-9. [PMID: 7189888 DOI: 10.1016/0031-9384(80)90006-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
|
19
|
Al-Maliki S, Brain PF, Childs G, Benton D. Factors influencing maternal attack on conspecific intruders by lactating female “TO” strain mice. Aggress Behav 1980. [DOI: 10.1002/1098-2337(1980)6:2<103::aid-ab2480060202>3.0.co;2-j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
20
|
Brain PF. Adaptive aspects of hormonal correlates of attack and defence in laboratory mice: a study in ethobiology. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 1980; 53:391-413. [PMID: 7005955 DOI: 10.1016/s0079-6123(08)60078-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
21
|
Gorzalka BB, De Catanzaro D. Pituitary-adrenal effects on sexual behavior in isolated and group-housed mice. Physiol Behav 1979; 22:939-45. [PMID: 228326 DOI: 10.1016/0031-9384(79)90339-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
22
|
Brain PF, Al-Maliki S. Effects of lithium chloride injections on rank-related fighting, maternal aggression and locust-killing responses in naive and experienced 'TO' strain mice. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 1979; 10:663-9. [PMID: 573898 DOI: 10.1016/0091-3057(79)90318-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Three experiments investigated lithium chloride's (LiCl) effects on three forms of aggression in male 'TO' strain mice. Models of aggression investigated, included attack by preisolated males on male conspecifics (rank-related or intermale fighting), attack by lactating females on male intruders (maternal aggression) and the locust-killing response (a form of predatory aggression?) In the first study, injections of naive male mice with 0.2 and 0.4 mEq of LiCl resulted in marked declines in rank-related fighting. The effects of this treatment on locust killing could not be assessed, as this activity was already at a low incidennce in controls. In a second experiment, LiCl injection had little influence on the locust-killing response in selected, experienced male killer mice. As in Experiment 1, rank-related fighting was suppressed by this treatment. The third experiment revealed that LiCl injections did not influence either maternal aggression or locust killing in naive females and predatory aggression in experienced-killer females. These results provide further support for the contention that these three behaviors have very different physiological bases. The data suggests that one should be cautious when extrapolating between different models of aggression even within the same species.
Collapse
|
23
|
Leshner AI, Politch JA. Hormonal control of submissiveness in mice: irrelevance of the androgens and relevance of the pituitary-adrenal hormones. Physiol Behav 1979; 22:531-4. [PMID: 223181 DOI: 10.1016/0031-9384(79)90021-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
24
|
Rodgers RJ. Alterations in shock-induced fighting and locomotor activity following intracerebroventricular injection of hydrocortisone in the rat. Aggress Behav 1979. [DOI: 10.1002/1098-2337(1979)5:1<31::aid-ab2480050105>3.0.co;2-q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
25
|
Heller KE. Role of corticosterone in the control of post-shock fighting behaviour in male laboratory mice. Behav Processes 1978; 3:211-22. [DOI: 10.1016/0376-6357(78)90014-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/1978] [Revised: 06/14/1978] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
26
|
A comparison of ‘intermale fighting’ in ‘standard opponent’ tests and attack directed towards locusts by ‘to’ strain mice: Effects of simple experimental manipulations. Anim Behav 1978. [DOI: 10.1016/0003-3472(78)90139-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
27
|
Farabollini F, Di Prisco CL, Carli G. Changes in plasma testosterone and in its hypothalamic metabolism following immobility responses in rabbits. Physiol Behav 1978; 20:613-8. [PMID: 684095 DOI: 10.1016/0031-9384(78)90254-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
28
|
|
29
|
Politch JA, Leshner AI. Relationship between plasma corticosterone levels and levels of aggressiveness in mice. Physiol Behav 1977; 19:775-80. [PMID: 204951 DOI: 10.1016/0031-9384(77)90314-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
30
|
Brain PF, Evans AE. Acute influences of some ACTH-related peptides of fighting and adrenocortical activity in male laboratory mice. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 1977; 7:425-33. [PMID: 201938 DOI: 10.1016/0091-3057(77)90210-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A number of corticotrophin preparations when given acutely enhanced fighting behavior, an event which may be consequent upon elevation of circulating corticosterone. A series of short ACTH analogues (ACTH 11-24, ACTH 4-10) had slight influences on circulating plasma corticosterone values and on fighting behavior. However, 20 microgram ACTH 1-10 given 12 hr before testing did increase fighting C.F. controls. As this compound only caused a slight stimulation of plasma corticosterone titers, the possibility exists of an extra-adrenal influence. One cannot, it appears, eliminate glucocorticoid influences using these preparations in the mouse. Acutely, ACTH 1-24 had virtually no influences on Animex-assessed motor activity but did enhance fighting in castrated mice maintained with either androgen or estrogen. It is tentatively concluded that the ACTH influences on aggression in the mouse are partially mediated via glucocorticoid influences on the CNS combined with an extra adrenal influence of part of the ACTH molecule. A possible reason for the differing acute and chronic influences of ACTH on fighting in mice is presented.
Collapse
|
31
|
A guide to the literature on aggressive behavior. Aggress Behav 1976. [DOI: 10.1002/1098-2337(1976)2:1<89::aid-ab2480020109>3.0.co;2-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
32
|
Brain PF, Poole AE. The role of endocrines in isolation-induced lntermale fighting in albino laboratory mice. II. Sex steroid influences in aggressive mice. Aggress Behav 1976. [DOI: 10.1002/1098-2337(1976)2:1<55::aid-ab2480020107>3.0.co;2-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
33
|
Deviche P. Behavioural effects of ACTH or corticosterone administration to adult male domestic ducks,Anas platyrhynchos L. J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol 1976. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00659151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
34
|
Dessi-Fulgheri F, Lucarini N, Di Prisco CL. Relationships between testosterone metabolism in the brain, other endocrine variables and intermale aggression in mice. Aggress Behav 1976. [DOI: 10.1002/1098-2337(1976)2:3<223::aid-ab2480020307>3.0.co;2-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
35
|
Abstract
A model of the interaction between endocrine function and agonistic responding was developed that incorporates three specific hypotheses about the relationship between hormones and agonistic behavior: (1) The baseline hormonal state of the organism contributes to the determination of whether, in what way, and how intensely the animal will react when it is exposed to appropriate environmental stimuli. (2) One function of the hormonal responses to environmental stimulation and behavioral experiences is to modify the continuing and future behavior of the individual in the same or similar situations. (3) Another function of these hormonal responses is to modify the individual's stimulus qualities so that other individuals' agonistic reactions to it will be modified. The data on hormones and agonistic behavior were reviewed in the context of this model, and some directions for future research were proposed.
Collapse
|
36
|
Leshner AI, Johnson AE. Effects of adrenalectomy on the aggressiveness of neonatally androgenized female mice. Physiol Behav 1974; 13:703-5. [PMID: 4473787 DOI: 10.1016/0031-9384(74)90245-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|