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Urgel JI, Sánchez-Grande A, Vicent DJ, Jelínek P, Martín N, Écija D. On-Surface Covalent Synthesis of Carbon Nanomaterials by Harnessing Carbon gem-Polyhalides. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2402467. [PMID: 38864470 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202402467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
The design of innovative carbon-based nanostructures stands at the forefront of both chemistry and materials science. In this context, π-conjugated compounds are of great interest due to their impact in a variety of fields, including optoelectronics, spintronics, energy storage, sensing and catalysis. Despite extensive research efforts, substantial knowledge gaps persist in the synthesis and characterization of new π-conjugated compounds with potential implications for science and technology. On-surface synthesis has emerged as a powerful discipline to overcome limitations associated with conventional solution chemistry methods, offering advanced tools to characterize the resulting nanomaterials. This review specifically highlights recent achievements in the utilization of molecular precursors incorporating carbon geminal (gem)-polyhalides as functional groups to guide the formation of π-conjugated 0D species, as well as 1D, quasi-1D π-conjugated polymers, and 2D nanoarchitectures. By delving into reaction pathways, novel structural designs, and the electronic, magnetic, and topological features of the resulting products, the review provides fundamental insights for a new generation of π-conjugated materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- José I Urgel
- IMDEA Nanoscience, Campus Universitario de Cantoblanco, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Ana Sánchez-Grande
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Science, Praha, 16200, Czech Republic
| | - Diego J Vicent
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Pavel Jelínek
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Science, Praha, 16200, Czech Republic
| | - Nazario Martín
- IMDEA Nanoscience, Campus Universitario de Cantoblanco, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - David Écija
- IMDEA Nanoscience, Campus Universitario de Cantoblanco, Madrid, 28049, Spain
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2
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Cassiano TSA, Pereira ML, E Silva GM, de Oliveira Neto PH, Ribeiro LA. Large polarons in two-dimensional fullerene networks: the crucial role of anisotropy in charge transport. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:2337-2346. [PMID: 38086667 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr04920e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
The recent synthesis of a two-dimensional quasi-hexagonal-phase monolayer network of C60 molecules, known as qHPC60, holds significant promise for future semiconductor applications. However, the mechanism behind charge transport in these networks remains unknown. In this study, we developed a Holstein-Peierls Hamiltonian model to investigate charge transport in qHPC60, incorporating both local and non-local electron-phonon couplings. Our computational approach involved identifying suitable semi-empirical parameters to realize the formation of stable polarons in this material. The results unveiled the formation of stable large polarons as the primary carriers in the charge transport throughout qHPC60. To explore polaron transport properties, we conducted dynamic simulations within the picosecond time scale while subjecting the system to an external electric field. Our analysis emphasized the substantial influence of anisotropy on shaping mobile polarons, with an anisotropy coefficient of at least 50%. The polarons exhibited velocities within the acoustic regime ranging from 0.5-1.5 nm ps-1. While these velocities are comparable to those observed in high-end organic molecular crystals, they are considerably lower than those in graphene and conducting polymers. With qHPC60 possessing a semiconducting band gap of approximately 1.6 eV, our findings shed light on its potential application in flat electronics, overcoming the null-gap predicament of graphene.
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Affiliation(s)
- T S A Cassiano
- University of Brasília, Institute of Physics, 70.910-900, Brasília, Brazil.
| | - M L Pereira
- International Center of Physics, Institute of Physics, University of Brasília, Faculty of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, 70910-900, Brasília, Brazil
| | - G M E Silva
- University of Brasília, Institute of Physics, 70.910-900, Brasília, Brazil.
| | | | - L A Ribeiro
- University of Brasília, Institute of Physics, 70.910-900, Brasília, Brazil.
- Computational Materials Laboratory, LCCMat, Institute of Physics, University of Brasília, 70910-900, Brasília, Brazil
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3
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Xu M, Wei C, Zhang Y, Chen J, Li H, Zhang J, Sun L, Liu B, Lin J, Yu M, Xie L, Huang W. Coplanar Conformational Structure of π-Conjugated Polymers for Optoelectronic Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2301671. [PMID: 37364981 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202301671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Hierarchical structure of conjugated polymers is critical to dominating their optoelectronic properties and applications. Compared to nonplanar conformational segments, coplanar conformational segments of conjugated polymers (CPs) demonstrate favorable properties for applications as a semiconductor. Herein, recent developments in the coplanar conformational structure of CPs for optoelectronic devices are summarized. First, this review comprehensively summarizes the unique properties of planar conformational structures. Second, the characteristics of the coplanar conformation in terms of optoelectrical properties and other polymer physics characteristics are emphasized. Five primary characterization methods for investigating the complanate backbone structures are illustrated, providing a systematical toolbox for studying this specific conformation. Third, internal and external conditions for inducing the coplanar conformational structure are presented, offering guidelines for designing this conformation. Fourth, the optoelectronic applications of this segment, such as light-emitting diodes, solar cells, and field-effect transistors, are briefly summarized. Finally, a conclusion and outlook for the coplanar conformational segment regarding molecular design and applications are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & School of Chemistry and Life Sciences & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Chuanxin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & School of Chemistry and Life Sciences & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yunlong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & School of Chemistry and Life Sciences & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jiefeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & School of Chemistry and Life Sciences & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Hao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & School of Chemistry and Life Sciences & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jingrui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & School of Chemistry and Life Sciences & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lili Sun
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Bin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & School of Chemistry and Life Sciences & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jinyi Lin
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Mengna Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & School of Chemistry and Life Sciences & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Linghai Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & School of Chemistry and Life Sciences & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & School of Chemistry and Life Sciences & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) & Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, China
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4
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Yi H, Patel R, Patel KD, Bouchard LS, Jha A, Perriman AW, Patel M. Conducting polymer-based scaffolds for neuronal tissue engineering. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:11006-11023. [PMID: 37953707 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb01838e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Neuronal tissue engineering has immense potential for treating neurological disorders and facilitating nerve regeneration. Conducting polymers (CPs) have emerged as a promising class of materials owing to their unique electrical conductivity and biocompatibility. CPs, such as poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT), polypyrrole (PPy), and polyaniline (PANi), have been extensively explored for their ability to provide electrical cues to neural cells. These polymers are widely used in various forms, including porous scaffolds, hydrogels, and nanofibers, and offer an ideal platform for promoting cell adhesion, differentiation, and axonal outgrowth. CP-based scaffolds can also serve as drug delivery systems, enabling localized and controlled release of neurotrophic factors and therapeutic agents to enhance neural regeneration and repair. CP-based scaffolds have demonstrated improved neural regeneration, both in vitro and in vivo, for treating spinal cord and peripheral nerve injuries. In this review, we discuss synthesis and scaffold processing methods for CPs and their applications in neuronal tissue regeneration. We focused on a detailed literature review of the central and peripheral nervous systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hagje Yi
- Bio-Convergence (BC), Integrated Science and Engineering Division (ISED), Underwood International College, Yonsei University, Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21983, South Korea
| | - Rajkumar Patel
- Energy & Environmental Science and Engineering (EESE), Integrated Science and Engineering Division (ISED), Underwood International College, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsugu, Incheon, 21938, South Korea
| | - Kapil D Patel
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
- Research School of Chemistry (RSC), Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
- John Curtin School of Medical Research (JCSMR), Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | | | - Amitabh Jha
- Department of Chemistry, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS, Canada
| | - Adam Willis Perriman
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
- Research School of Chemistry (RSC), Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
- John Curtin School of Medical Research (JCSMR), Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Madhumita Patel
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760, South Korea.
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5
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Wang ZY, Zhu R. Conjugated [5]Cumulene Polymers Enabled by Condensation Polymerization of Propargylic Electrophiles. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:23755-23763. [PMID: 37853723 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Cumulenes, sp-hybridized carbon motifs featuring consecutive double bonds, have rarely been explored as π-elements for conjugated polymers. Long cumulenic conjugated polymers can serve as models for approaching carbyne, an intriguing yet elusive carbon allotrope. However, their synthesis is notoriously difficult due to intrinsic instability. To date, only few [3]cumulene-based polymers have been synthesized, mostly relying on surface chemistry. Higher cumulene-based polymers remain unknown. Here, we present a "meet in the middle" strategy to overcome this challenge and synthesize high-molecular-weight, stable, and solution-processable conjugated [5]cumulene polymers (Mw up to 67.9 kg/mol). Our approach involves a new polymerization method called step-growth condensation polymerization of propargylic electrophiles (step-growth CPPE). The structures and molecular weights of the cumulenic polymers are established by various spectroscopic methods, including a comparative analysis of a discrete oligomer series. By introducing ortho-substituents on the aryl side groups, we successfully address the stability-conjugation dilemma. Electronic communication between cumulene units is found to be contingent upon the aromaticity of the π-spacers, enabling flexible energy-level adjustment and new narrow band gap polymers. The synthetic methodology and structure-property relationship established in this work serve as the starting points for the exploration of this fascinating family of sp-carbon-rich materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Yuan Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Rong Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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6
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Wang D, Yu H, Shi W, Xu C. Chemical Doping of Organic and Coordination Polymers for Thermoelectric and Spintronic Applications: A Theoretical Understanding. Acc Chem Res 2023; 56:2127-2138. [PMID: 37432731 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.3c00091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
ConspectusThe controlled doping of organic semiconductors (OSCs) is crucial not only for improving the performance of electronic and optoelectronic devices but also for enabling efficient thermoelectric conversion and spintronic applications. The mechanism of doping for OSCs is fundamentally different from that of their inorganic counterparts. In particular, the interplay between dopants and host materials is complicated considering the low dielectric constant, strong lattice-charge interaction, and flexible nature of materials. Recent experimental breakthroughs in the molecular design of dopants and the precise doping with high spatial resolution call for more profound understandings as to how the dopant interacts with the charge introduced to OSCs and how the admixture of dopants alters the electronic properties of host materials before one can exploit controllable doping to realize desired functionalities.By employing state-of-the-art computational tools, we revealed the effects of doping in representative and emerging organic and coordination polymers aiming toward thermoelectric and spintronic applications. We showed that dopants and hosts should be taken as an integrated system, and the type of charge-transfer interaction between them is the key for spin polarization. First, we found doping-induced modifications to the electronic band in a potassium-doped coordination polymer, an n-type thermoelectric material. The charge localization due to the Coulomb interaction between the completely ionized dopant and the injected charge on the polymer backbone and also the polaron band formation at low doping levels are responsible for the nonmonotonic temperature dependence of the conductivity and Seebeck coefficient observed in recent experiments. The mechanistic insights gained from these results have provided important guidelines on how to control the doping level and working temperature to achieve a high thermoelectric conversion efficiency. Next, we demonstrated that the ionized dopants scatter charge carriers via screened Coulomb interactions, and it may become a dominant scattering mechanism in doped polymers. After incorporating the ionized dopant scattering mechanism in PEDOT:Tos, a p-type thermoelectric polymer, we were able to reproduce the measured Seebeck coefficient-electrical conductivity relationship spanning a wide range of doping levels, highlighting the importance of ionized dopant scattering in charge transport.In the two cases described above, charge injection is enabled by integral charge transfer between the dopant and host polymers. In a third example, we showed that a novel type of stacked two-dimensional polymer, conjugated covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with closed-shell electronic structures, can be spin polarized by iodine doping via fractional charge transfer even at high doping levels. We then manifested that magnetization can be attained in nonmagnetic materials lacking metal d electrons and further designed two new COFs with tunable spintronic structure and magnetic interactions after the iodine doping. These findings have suggested a practical route to enable spin polarization in nonradical materials by chemical doping via orbital hybridization, which holds great promise for flexible spintronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wang
- Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Hongde Yu
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, TU Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Wen Shi
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chunlin Xu
- Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
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7
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Bernhardt S, Yokosawa T, Spiecker E, Gröhn F. Polythiophene as a Double-Electrostatic Template for Zinc Oxide and Gold: Multicomponent Nano-Objects for Enhanced Photocatalysis. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:10312-10320. [PMID: 37462454 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c00123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Using electrostatic self-assembly and electrostatic nanotemplating, a quaternary nanostructured system consisting of zinc oxide nanoparticles, gold nanoparticles, poly[3-(potassium-4-butanoate)thiophene-2,5-diyl] (PT), and methyltrioctylammonium chloride (MTOA) (PT-MTOA-ZnO-Au) was designed for aqueous photocatalysis. The PT-MTOA hollow sphere aggregates served as an electrostatic template for both individual inorganic nanoparticles controlling their morphology, stabilizing the nanoparticles, and acting as a photosensitizer. The hybrid structures included spherical ZnO nanoparticles with a diameter of d = 2.6 nm and spherical Au nanoparticles with d = 6.0 nm embedded in PT-MTOA hollow spheres with a hydrodynamic radius of RH = 100 nm. The ZnO nanoparticles acted as the main catalyst, while the Au nanoparticles acted as the cocatalyst. As a photocatalytic model reaction, the dye degradation of methylene blue in aqueous solution using the full spectral range from UV to visible light was tested. The photocatalytic activity was optimized by varying the Zn and Au loading ratios and was substantially enhanced regarding the components; for example, it was increased by about 61% using PT-MTOA-ZnO-Au compared to the composite without gold particles. A photocatalytic mechanism of the methylene blue degradation was proposed when catalyzed by these multicomponent nano-objects. Thus, a simple procedure of templating two different nanoparticle species within the same cocatalytically active template has been demonstrated, which can be extended to other inorganic particles, making a variety of task-specific catalysts accessible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Bernhardt
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) and Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tadahiro Yokosawa
- Institute of Micro- and Nanostructure Research (IMN) and Center for Nanoanalysis and Electron Microscopy (CENEM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), IZNF, Cauerstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Erdmann Spiecker
- Institute of Micro- and Nanostructure Research (IMN) and Center for Nanoanalysis and Electron Microscopy (CENEM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), IZNF, Cauerstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Franziska Gröhn
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) and Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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8
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Nguyen TN, Phung VD, Tran VV. Recent Advances in Conjugated Polymer-Based Biosensors for Virus Detection. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:586. [PMID: 37366951 DOI: 10.3390/bios13060586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, virus pandemics have become a major burden seriously affecting human health and social and economic development. Thus, the design and fabrication of effective and low-cost techniques for early and accurate virus detection have been given priority for prevention and control of such pandemics. Biosensors and bioelectronic devices have been demonstrated as promising technology to resolve the major drawbacks and problems of the current detection methods. Discovering and applying advanced materials have offered opportunities to develop and commercialize biosensor devices for effectively controlling pandemics. Along with various well-known materials such as gold and silver nanoparticles, carbon-based materials, metal oxide-based materials, and graphene, conjugated polymer (CPs) have become one of the most promising candidates for preparation and construction of excellent biosensors with high sensitivity and specificity to different virus analytes owing to their unique π orbital structure and chain conformation alterations, solution processability, and flexibility. Therefore, CP-based biosensors have been regarded as innovative technologies attracting great interest from the community for early diagnosis of COVID-19 as well as other virus pandemics. For providing precious scientific evidence of CP-based biosensor technologies in virus detection, this review aims to give a critical overview of the recent research related to use of CPs in fabrication of virus biosensors. We emphasize structures and interesting characteristics of different CPs and discuss the state-of-the-art applications of CP-based biosensors as well. In addition, different types of biosensors such as optical biosensors, organic thin film transistors (OTFT), and conjugated polymer hydrogels (CPHs) based on CPs are also summarized and presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanh Ngoc Nguyen
- NTT Hi-Tech Institute, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, 300A Nguyen Tat Thanh, Ward 13, District 4, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Viet-Duc Phung
- Institute of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Duy Tan University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
- Faculty of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam
| | - Vinh Van Tran
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea
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Zhang Q, Zhang X, Zou X, Ma F, Zhang CY. CRISPR/Cas-Based MicroRNA Biosensors. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203412. [PMID: 36477884 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
As important post-transcriptional regulators, microRNAs (miRNAs) play irreplaceable roles in diverse cellular functions. Dysregulated miRNA expression is implicated in various diseases including cancers, and thus miRNAs have become the valuable biomarkers for disease monitoring. Recently, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated (CRISPR/Cas) system has shown great promise for the development of next-generation biosensors because of its precise localization capability, good fidelity, and high cleavage activity. Herein, we review recent advance in development of CRISPR/Cas-based biosensors for miRNA detection. We summarize the principles, features, and performance of these miRNA biosensors, and further highlight the remaining challenges and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, P.R. China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, 528458, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoran Zou
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, P.R. China
| | - Fei Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University Institution, Nanjing, 211189, P.R. China
| | - Chun-Yang Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, P.R. China
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10
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Goyal M, Agarwal SN, Singh K, Bhatnagar N. Synthesis and characterization of poly [(3,4‐ethylenedioxy) thiophene]:polystyrene sulfonate (
PEDOT
:
PSS
) for energy storage device application. J Appl Polym Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Megha Goyal
- Department of Chemistry Manipal University Jaipur Jaipur Rajasthan India
| | - Satya Narayan Agarwal
- Department of Electrical Engineering Manipal University Jaipur Jaipur Rajasthan India
| | - Kulwant Singh
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Manipal University Jaipur Jaipur Rajasthan India
- FlexMEMS Research Centre (FMRC) Manipal University Jaipur Jaipur Rajasthan India
| | - Nitu Bhatnagar
- Department of Chemistry Manipal University Jaipur Jaipur Rajasthan India
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11
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Matrix Effect on Polydiarylfluorenes Electrospun Hybrid Microfibers: From Morphology Tuning to High Explosive Detection Efficiency. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-023-2927-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
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12
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Borges MHR, Nagay BE, Costa RC, Souza JGS, Mathew MT, Barão VAR. Recent advances of polypyrrole conducting polymer film for biomedical application: Toward a viable platform for cell-microbial interactions. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 314:102860. [PMID: 36931199 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2023.102860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Polypyrrole (PPy) is one of the most studied conductive polymers due to its electrical conductivity and biological properties, which drive the possibility of numerous applications in the biomedical area. The physical-chemical features of PPy allow the manufacture of biocompatible devices, enhancing cell adhesion and proliferation. Furthermore, owing to the electrostatic interactions between the negatively charged bacterial cell wall and the positive charges in the polymer structure, PPy films can perform an effective antimicrobial activity. PPy is also frequently associated with biocompatible agents and antimicrobial compounds to improve the biological response. Thus, this comprehensive review appraised the available evidence regarding the PPy-based films deposited on metallic implanted devices for biomedical applications. We focus on understanding key concepts that could influence PPy attributes regarding antimicrobial effect and cell behavior under in vitro and in vivo settings. Furthermore, we unravel the several agents incorporated into the PPy film and strategies to improve its functionality. Our findings suggest that incorporating other elements into the PPy films, such as antimicrobial agents, biomolecules, and other biocompatible polymers, may improve the biological responses. Overall, the basic properties of PPy, when combined with other composites, electrostimulation techniques, or surface treatment methods, offer great potential in biocompatibility and/or antimicrobial activities. However, challenges in synthesis standardization and potential limitations such as low adhesion and mechanical strength of the film must be overcome to improve and broaden the application of PPy film in biomedical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria H R Borges
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Bruna E Nagay
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Raphael C Costa
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - João Gabriel S Souza
- Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University (UNG), Guarulhos, Sāo Paulo 07023-070, Brazil; Dental Science School (Faculdade de Ciências Odontológicas - FCO), Montes Claros, Minas Gerais 39401-303, Brazil
| | - Mathew T Mathew
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois, College of Medicine, Rockford, IL 61107, USA
| | - Valentim A R Barão
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil.
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Zhou Y, Li L, Han Z, Li Q, He J, Wang Q. Self-Healing Polymers for Electronics and Energy Devices. Chem Rev 2023; 123:558-612. [PMID: 36260027 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Polymers are extensively exploited as active materials in a variety of electronics and energy devices because of their tailorable electrical properties, mechanical flexibility, facile processability, and they are lightweight. The polymer devices integrated with self-healing ability offer enhanced reliability, durability, and sustainability. In this Review, we provide an update on the major advancements in the applications of self-healing polymers in the devices, including energy devices, electronic components, optoelectronics, and dielectrics. The differences in fundamental mechanisms and healing strategies between mechanical fracture and electrical breakdown of polymers are underlined. The key concepts of self-healing polymer devices for repairing mechanical integrity and restoring their functions and device performance in response to mechanical and electrical damage are outlined. The advantages and limitations of the current approaches to self-healing polymer devices are systematically summarized. Challenges and future research opportunities are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zhou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Li Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Zhubing Han
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Qi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Power System, Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jinliang He
- State Key Laboratory of Power System, Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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14
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Purohit P, Bhatt A, Mittal RK, Abdellattif MH, Farghaly TA. Polymer Grafting and its chemical reactions. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 10:1044927. [PMID: 36714621 PMCID: PMC9874337 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1044927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymer grafting is a technique to improve the morphology, chemical, and physical properties of the polymer. This technique has the potential to improve the existing conduction and properties of polymers other than charge transport; as a result, it enhances the solubility, nano-dimensional morphology, biocompatibility, bio-communication, and other property of parent polymer. A polymer's physicochemical properties can be modified even further by creating a copolymer with another polymer or by grafting. Here in the various chemical approaches for polymer grafting, like free radical, click reaction, amide formation, and alkylation have been discussed with their importance, moreover the process and its importance are covered comprehensively with their scientific explanation. The present review also covers the effectiveness of the graft-to approaches and its application in various fields, which will give reader a glimpse about polymer grafting and its uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyank Purohit
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun, India,*Correspondence: Priyank Purohit, ,
| | - Akanksha Bhatt
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun, India
| | | | | | - Thoraya A. Farghaly
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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15
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Yadav S, Tiwari R, Verma DK, Kumar D, Adhikary P, Krishnamoorthi S. Synthesis of hydrazine‐fumaryl chloride‐based polyamide and its electrical conductivity studies. POLYM ENG SCI 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.26231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shashikant Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Centre of Advanced Study, Institute of Science Banaras Hindu University Varanasi India
| | - Rudramani Tiwari
- Department of Chemistry, Centre of Advanced Study, Institute of Science Banaras Hindu University Varanasi India
| | - Dipendra Kumar Verma
- Department of Chemistry, Centre of Advanced Study, Institute of Science Banaras Hindu University Varanasi India
| | - Devendra Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Centre of Advanced Study, Institute of Science Banaras Hindu University Varanasi India
| | - Pubali Adhikary
- Central Discovery Centre, Institute of Science Banaras Hindu University Varanasi India
| | - Subramanian Krishnamoorthi
- Department of Chemistry, Centre of Advanced Study, Institute of Science Banaras Hindu University Varanasi India
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16
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Goswami S, Nandy S, Fortunato E, Martins R. Polyaniline and its composites engineering: A class of multifunctional smart energy materials. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2022.123679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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17
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Al-Azzawi AGS, Aziz SB, Dannoun EMA, Iraqi A, Nofal MM, Murad AR, M. Hussein A. A Mini Review on the Development of Conjugated Polymers: Steps towards the Commercialization of Organic Solar Cells. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 15:polym15010164. [PMID: 36616512 PMCID: PMC9853510 DOI: 10.3390/polym15010164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
This review article covers the synthesis and design of conjugated polymers for carefully adjusting energy levels and energy band gap (EBG) to achieve the desired photovoltaic performance. The formation of bonds and the delocalization of electrons over conjugated chains are both explained by the molecular orbital theory (MOT). The intrinsic characteristics that classify conjugated polymers as semiconducting materials come from the EBG of organic molecules. A quinoid mesomeric structure (D-A ↔ D+ = A-) forms across the major backbones of the polymer as a result of alternating donor-acceptor segments contributing to the pull-push driving force between neighboring units, resulting in a smaller optical EBG. Furthermore, one of the most crucial factors in achieving excellent performance of the polymer is improving the morphology of the active layer. In order to improve exciton diffusion, dissociation, and charge transport, the nanoscale morphology ensures nanometer phase separation between donor and acceptor components in the active layer. It was demonstrated that because of the exciton's short lifetime, only small diffusion distances (10-20 nm) are needed for all photo-generated excitons to reach the interfacial region where they can separate into free charge carriers. There is a comprehensive explanation of the architecture of organic solar cells using single layer, bilayer, and bulk heterojunction (BHJ) devices. The short circuit current density (Jsc), open circuit voltage (Voc), and fill factor (FF) all have a significant impact on the performance of organic solar cells (OSCs). Since the BHJ concept was first proposed, significant advancement and quick configuration development of these devices have been accomplished. Due to their ability to combine great optical and electronic properties with strong thermal and chemical stability, conjugated polymers are unique semiconducting materials that are used in a wide range of applications. According to the fundamental operating theories of OSCs, unlike inorganic semiconductors such as silicon solar cells, organic photovoltaic devices are unable to produce free carrier charges (holes and electrons). To overcome the Coulombic attraction and separate the excitons into free charges in the interfacial region, organic semiconductors require an additional thermodynamic driving force. From the molecular engineering of conjugated polymers, it was discovered that the most crucial obstacles to achieving the most desirable properties are the design and synthesis of conjugated polymers toward optimal p-type materials. Along with plastic solar cells (PSCs), these materials have extended to a number of different applications such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and field-effect transistors (FETs). Additionally, the topics of fluorene and carbazole as donor units in conjugated polymers are covered. The Stille, Suzuki, and Sonogashira coupling reactions widely used to synthesize alternating D-A copolymers are also presented. Moreover, conjugated polymers based on anthracene that can be used in solar cells are covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed G. S. Al-Azzawi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HF, UK
- Department of Chemistry, College of Education for Pure Science, University of Mosul, Mosul 00964, Iraq
| | - Shujahadeen B. Aziz
- Hameed Majid Advanced Polymeric Materials Research Lab., Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qlyasan Street, Sulaimani 46001, Iraq
- The Development Center for Research and Training (DCRT), University of Human Development, Sulaimani 46001, Iraq
- Correspondence: (S.B.A.); (A.I.)
| | - Elham M. A. Dannoun
- Associate Chair of the Department of Mathematics and Science, Woman Campus, Prince Sultan University, P.O. Box 66833, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Iraqi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HF, UK
- Correspondence: (S.B.A.); (A.I.)
| | - Muaffaq M. Nofal
- Department of Mathematics and Science, Prince Sultan University, P.O. Box 66833, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ary R. Murad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Medical and Applied Sciences, Charmo University, Chamchamal, Sulaimani 46023, Iraq
| | - Ahang M. Hussein
- Hameed Majid Advanced Polymeric Materials Research Lab., Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qlyasan Street, Sulaimani 46001, Iraq
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Shen T, Chen M, Zhang H, Sun JZ, Tang BZ. Copolymers of 4-Trimethylsilyl Diphenyl Acetylene and 1-Trimethylsilyl-1-Propyne: Polymer Synthesis and Luminescent Property Adjustment. Molecules 2022; 28:molecules28010027. [PMID: 36615223 PMCID: PMC9822087 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(4-trimethylsilyl diphenyl acetylene) (PTMSDPA) has strong fluorescence emission, but its application is limited by the effect of aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ). Copolymerization is a commonly used method to adjust the properties of polymers. Through the copolymerization of 4-trimethylsilyl diphenyl acetylene and 1-trimethylsilyl-1-propyne (TMSP), we successfully realized the conversion of PTMSDPA from ACQ to aggregation-induced emission (AIE) and aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AEE). By controlling the monomer feeding ratio and with the increase of the content of TMSDPA inserted into the copolymer, the emission peak was red-shifted, and a series of copolymers of poly(TMSDPA-co-TMSP) that emit blue-purple to orange-red light was obtained, and the feasibility of the application in explosive detection was verified. With picric acid (PA) as a model explosive, a super-quenching process has been observed, and the quenching constant (KSV) calculated from the Stern-Volmer equation is 24,000 M-1, which means that the polymer is potentially used for explosive detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanxiao Shen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Manyu Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Haoke Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Centre of Healthcare Materials, Shaoxing Institute, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing 312000, China
- Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311215, China
| | - Jing Zhi Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Centre of Healthcare Materials, Shaoxing Institute, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing 312000, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-13958091775
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
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19
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Phase behavior of π-conjugated polymer and non-fullerene acceptor (PTB7-Th:ITIC) solutions and blends. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20849. [PMID: 36460823 PMCID: PMC9718827 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25476-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Phase diagrams of ternary π-bonded polymer (PTB7-Th) solutions were constructed as a function of molecular weight, temperature, and electron acceptor species (ITIC, PC61BM and PC71BM). For this purpose, the Flory-Huggins lattice theory was employed with a constant χ interaction parameter, describing a binodal, spinodal, tie line, and critical point. Then, the morphologies of the blends composed of highly disordered PTB7-Th and crystallizable ITIC were investigated by atomic force microscopy. Subsequently, the surface polarities of the PTB7-Th:ITIC thin films were examined by water contact-angle goniometer, exhibiting a transition at the composition of ~ 60 ± 10 wt.% ITIC. Furthermore, X-ray diffraction indicated the presence of ITIC's crystallites at ≥ 70 wt.% ITIC. Hence, the PTB7-Th:ITIC system was observed to undergo a phase transition at ~ 60-70 wt.% ITIC.
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20
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Tang T, Lu SJ, Ahumada G, Bielawski CW. Megadalton Macromolecules Made-to-Order in Minutes: A Highly Active Nanosphere Catalyst for Preparing High-Molecular Weight Polymers. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tang Tang
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Sherilyn J. Lu
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Guillermo Ahumada
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Christopher W. Bielawski
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
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21
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Al-Hiti AS, Tiu ZC, Yasin M, Harun SW. Ultrafast fiber laser at 1570 nm based on organic material as saturable absorber. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13288. [PMID: 35918510 PMCID: PMC9345930 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17724-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we demonstrated Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT: PSS) as a saturable absorber (SA) to produce mode-locking operation in different length of Erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL). The PEDOT: PSS was embedded into polyvinyl alcohol to form a thin film that acts as an absorber into the laser setup. The three different mode-locked EDFL were successfully demonstrated with different cavity length and output coupler ratio. The pulse repetition rate/width of 3.417 MHz/710 fs, 4.831 MHz/510 fs, and 6.049 MHz/460 fs were obtained by utilizing optical coupler/ cavity length of 20:80/60.7 m, 10:90/42.7 m, and 5:95/33.7 m, respectively. All experiments generated a stable and mode-locked operation at a central wavelength of 1570.76 nm, 1570.3 nm, and 1569.95 nm with 3 dB bandwidth of 4.8 nm, 5.6 nm, and 6.5 nm, respectively. The long-time stability of the ultrafast fiber lasers was investigated for each setup via 120 min. The proposed PEDOT: PSS has proven as a promising material to induce mode-locking operation in different fiber laser setup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Shakir Al-Hiti
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50630, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Zian Cheak Tiu
- Faculty of Engineering and Quantity Surveying, INTI International University, 71800, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
| | - M Yasin
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Airlangga University, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia
| | - S W Harun
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50630, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. .,Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Airlangga University, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia.
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22
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Theoretical Study of Carbon Nanotubes as Candidates for Active Layer in Solar Cells. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2022.113846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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23
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Abstract
Conjugated polymers usually require strategies to expand the range of wavelengths absorbed and increase solubility. Developing effective strategies to enhance both properties remains challenging. Herein, we report syntheses of conjugated polymers based on a family of metalla-aromatic building blocks via a polymerization method involving consecutive carbyne shuttling processes. The involvement of metal
d
orbitals in aromatic systems efficiently reduces band gaps and enriches the electron transition pathways of the chromogenic repeat unit. These enable metalla-aromatic conjugated polymers to exhibit broad and strong ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) absorption bands. Bulky ligands on the metal suppress π–π stacking of polymer chains and thus increase solubility. These conjugated polymers show robust stability toward light, heat, water, and air. Kinetic studies using NMR experiments and UV–Vis spectroscopy, coupled with the isolation of well-defined model oligomers, revealed the polymerization mechanism.
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24
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Shankar U, Oberoi D, Bandyopadhyay A. A review on the alternative of indium tin oxide coated glass substrate in flexible and bendable organic optoelectronic device. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Uday Shankar
- Department of Polymer and Process Engineering IIT Roorkee Saharanpur Campus Saharanpur India
- Organic Materials and Fiber Engineering Jeonbuk National University Jeonju South Korea
| | - Deepa Oberoi
- Department of Polymer and Process Engineering IIT Roorkee Saharanpur Campus Saharanpur India
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli India
| | - Anasuya Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Polymer and Process Engineering IIT Roorkee Saharanpur Campus Saharanpur India
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25
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Li L, Low JZ, Wilhelm J, Liao G, Gunasekaran S, Prindle CR, Starr RL, Golze D, Nuckolls C, Steigerwald ML, Evers F, Campos LM, Yin X, Venkataraman L. Highly conducting single-molecule topological insulators based on mono- and di-radical cations. Nat Chem 2022; 14:1061-1067. [PMID: 35798950 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-022-00978-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Single-molecule topological insulators are promising candidates as conducting wires over nanometre length scales. A key advantage is their ability to exhibit quasi-metallic transport, in contrast to conjugated molecular wires which typically exhibit a low conductance that decays as the wire length increases. Here, we study a family of oligophenylene-bridged bis(triarylamines) with tunable and stable mono- or di-radicaloid character. These wires can undergo one- and two-electron chemical oxidations to the corresponding mono-cation and di-cation, respectively. We show that the oxidized wires exhibit reversed conductance decay with increasing length, consistent with the expectation for Su-Schrieffer-Heeger-type one-dimensional topological insulators. The 2.6-nm-long di-cation reported here displays a conductance greater than 0.1G0, where G0 is the conductance quantum, a factor of 5,400 greater than the neutral form. The observed conductance-length relationship is similar between the mono-cation and di-cation series. Density functional theory calculations elucidate how the frontier orbitals and delocalization of radicals facilitate the observed non-classical quasi-metallic behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Li
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jonathan Z Low
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jan Wilhelm
- Institute of Theoretical Physics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Guanming Liao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, P. R. China
| | | | | | - Rachel L Starr
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dorothea Golze
- Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, König-Bau, Germany
| | - Colin Nuckolls
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Ferdinand Evers
- Institute of Theoretical Physics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Luis M Campos
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Xiaodong Yin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, P. R. China.
| | - Latha Venkataraman
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA. .,Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
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26
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Wang Z, Bai H, Yu W, Gao Z, Chen W, Yang Z, Zhu C, Huang Y, Lv F, Wang S. Flexible bioelectronic device fabricated by conductive polymer-based living material. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabo1458. [PMID: 35731871 PMCID: PMC9216517 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abo1458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Living materials are worked as an inside collaborative system that could naturally respond to changing environmental conditions. The regulation of bioelectronic processes in living materials could be effective for collecting biological signals and detecting biomarkers. Here, we constructed a living material with conjugated polymers poly[3-(3'-N,N,N-triethylamino-1'-propyloxy)-4-methyl-2,5-thiophene chloride] (PMNT) and Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 biofilm. In addition, the living material was integrated as a flexible bioelectronic device for lactate detection in physiological fluids (sweat, urine, and plasma). Owing to the electroconductivity of conjugated polymers, PMNT could optimize the bioelectronic process in the living material. The collected electrical signal could be wirelessly transferred to a portable smartphone for reading and analyzing. Because lactate is also a biomarker for cancer treatment, the flexible bioelectronic device was further used to detect and count the cancer cells. The proof of the bioelectronic device using conductive polymer-based living material exhibits promising applications in the next-generation personal health monitoring systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zenghao Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100910, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Haotian Bai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100910, P. R. China
| | - Wen Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100910, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Gao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100910, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Weijian Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100910, P. R. China
| | - Zhiwen Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100910, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Chuanwei Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100910, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yiming Huang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100910, P. R. China
| | - Fengting Lv
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100910, P. R. China
| | - Shu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100910, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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28
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Recent Progress in Conjugated Conducting and Semiconducting Polymers for Energy Devices. ENERGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/en15103661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Advanced conductors (such as conducting and semiconducting polymers) are vital building blocks for modern technologies and biocompatible devices as faster computing and smaller device sizes are demanded. Conjugated conducting and semiconducting polymers (including poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), polyaniline (PANI), polythiophene (PTh), and polypyrrole (PPy)) provide the mechanical flexibility required for the next generation of energy and electronic devices. Electrical conductivity, ionic conductivity, and optoelectronic characteristics of advanced conductors are governed by their texture and constituent nanostructures. Thus, precise textural and nanostructural engineering of advanced conjugated conducting and semiconducting polymers provide an outstanding pathway to facilitate their adoption in various technological applications, including but not limited to energy storage and harvesting devices, flexible optoelectronics, bio-functional materials, and wearable electronics. This review article focuses on the basic interconnection among the nanostructure and the characteristics of conjugated conducting and semiconducting polymers. In addition, the application of conjugated conducting and semiconducting polymers in flexible energy devices and the resulting state-of-the-art device performance will be covered.
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29
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Influence of Solvent-Dependent Morphology on Molecular Doping and Charge Transport in Conductive Thiophene Polymer. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15093293. [PMID: 35591627 PMCID: PMC9105990 DOI: 10.3390/ma15093293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The utility of a solvent is one of the key factors that impacts resultant film morphology. However, the effect of solvent-dependent morphology on the doping process and electrical conductivity has not been adequately elucidated. In this work, we compared the morphology of chloroform- and chlorobenzene-processed thiophene polymer films and investigated how the choice of solvent influences film morphology, doping level, charge transport properties, and thus electrical conductivity. It was found that the film drop-casted from chloroform exhibits better crystallinity than that drop-casted from chlorobenzene. The crystallinity has negligible impact on the doping level but significant impact on charge transport properties. As a result, the chloroform-processed film shows a higher electrical conductivity of up to 408 S cm-1 due to a high carrier mobility related to the continuously crystalline domains in film. This finding indicates that the choice of solvent for preparation of film, which strongly correlated with molecular orientation, is a new strategy to optimize the electrical conductivity of doped polymers.
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30
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Shiu BC, Liu YL, Yuan QY, Lou CW, Lin JH. Preparation and Characterization of PEDOT:PSS/TiO 2 Micro/Nanofiber-Based Gas Sensors. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14091780. [PMID: 35566945 PMCID: PMC9105644 DOI: 10.3390/polym14091780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we employed electrospinning technology and in situ polymerization to prepare wearable and highly sensitive PVP/PEDOT:PSS/TiO2 micro/nanofiber gas sensors. PEDOT, PEDOT:PSS, and TiO2 were prepared via in situ polymerization and tested for characteristic peaks using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), then characterized using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), a four-point probe resistance measurement, and a gas sensor test system. The gas sensitivity was 3.46–12.06% when ethanol with a concentration between 12.5 ppm and 6250 ppm was measured; 625 ppm of ethanol was used in the gas sensitivity measurements for the PEDOT/composite conductive woven fabrics, PVP/PEDOT:PSS nanofiber membranes, and PVP/PEDOT:PSS/TiO2 micro/nanofiber gas sensors. The latter exhibited the highest gas sensitivity, which was 5.52% and 2.35% greater than that of the PEDOT/composite conductive woven fabrics and PVP/PEDOT:PSS nanofiber membranes, respectively. In addition, the influence of relative humidity on the performance of the PVP/PEDOT:PSS/TiO2 micro/nanofiber gas sensors was examined. The electrical sensitivity decreased with a decrease in ethanol concentration. The gas sensitivity exhibited a linear relationship with relative humidity lower than 75%; however, when the relative humidity was higher than 75%, the gas sensitivity showed a highly non-linear correlation. The test results indicated that the PVP/PEDOT:PSS/TiO2 micro/nanofiber gas sensors were flexible and highly sensitive to gas, qualifying them for use as a wearable gas sensor platform at room temperature. The proposed gas sensors demonstrated vital functions and an innovative design for the development of a smart wearable device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Chiuan Shiu
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China;
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Novel Functional Fibers and Materials, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Yan-Ling Liu
- Innovation Platform of Intelligent and Energy-Saving Textiles, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; (Y.-L.L.); (Q.-Y.Y.)
| | - Qian-Yu Yuan
- Innovation Platform of Intelligent and Energy-Saving Textiles, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; (Y.-L.L.); (Q.-Y.Y.)
| | - Ching-Wen Lou
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Novel Functional Fibers and Materials, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China
- Innovation Platform of Intelligent and Energy-Saving Textiles, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; (Y.-L.L.); (Q.-Y.Y.)
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Advanced Medical Care and Protection Technology Research Center, College of Textile and Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung 413305, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-W.L.); (J.-H.L.)
| | - Jia-Horng Lin
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China;
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Novel Functional Fibers and Materials, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China
- Advanced Medical Care and Protection Technology Research Center, College of Textile and Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- Laboratory of Fiber Application and Manufacturing, Department of Fiber and Composite Materials, Feng Chia University, Taichung 40724, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-W.L.); (J.-H.L.)
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31
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Song G, Lv F, Huang Y, Bai H, Wang S. Conjugated Polymers for Gene Delivery and Photothermal Gene Expression. Chempluschem 2022; 87:e202200073. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202200073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Song
- Institute of Chemistry CAS: Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Organic Solids CHINA
| | - Fengting Lv
- Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Zhongguancun North First Street 2 CHINA
| | - Yiming Huang
- Institute of Chemistry CAS: Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Organic Solids CHINA
| | - Haotian Bai
- Institute of Chemistry CAS: Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Organic Solids CHINA
| | - Shu Wang
- Institute of Chemistry CAS: Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Organic Solids CHINA
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32
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Electrically Switchable Film Structure of Conjugated Polymer Composites. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15062219. [PMID: 35329669 PMCID: PMC8951423 DOI: 10.3390/ma15062219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Domains rich in different blend components phase-separate during deposition, creating a film morphology that determines the performance of active layers in organic electronics. However, morphological control either relies on additional fabrication steps or is limited to a small region where an external interaction is applied. Here, we show that different semiconductor-insulator polymer composites can be rapidly dip-coated with the film structure electrically switched between distinct morphologies during deposition guided by the meniscus formed between the stationary barrier and horizontally drawn solid substrate. Reversible and repeatable changes between the morphologies used in devices, e.g., lateral morphologies and stratified layers of semiconductors and insulators, or between phase-inverted droplet-like structures are manifested only for one polarity of the voltage applied across the meniscus as a rectangular pulse. This phenomenon points to a novel mechanism, related to voltage-induced doping and the doping-dependent solubility of the conjugated polymer, equivalent to an increased semiconductor content that controls the composite morphologies. This is effective only for the positively polarized substrate rather than the barrier, as the former entrains the nearby lower part of the coating solution that forms the final composite film. The mechanism, applied to the pristine semiconductor solution, results in an increased semiconductor deposition and 40-times higher film conductance.
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33
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Zasada LB, Guio L, Kamin AA, Dhakal D, Monahan M, Seidler GT, Luscombe CK, Xiao DJ. Conjugated Metal-Organic Macrocycles: Synthesis, Characterization, and Electrical Conductivity. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:4515-4521. [PMID: 35255217 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c12596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The dimensional reduction of solids into smaller fragments provides a route to achieve new physical properties and gain deeper insight into the extended parent structures. Here, we report the synthesis of CuTOTP-OR (TOTPn- = 2,3,6,7-tetraoxidotriphenylene), a family of copper-based macrocycles that resemble truncated fragments of the conductive two-dimensional (2D) metal-organic framework Cu3(HHTP)2 (HHTP = 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexahydroxytriphenylene). The planar metal-organic macrocycles self-assemble into ordered nanotubes with internal diameters of ∼2 nm and short interlayer distances of ∼3.20 Å. Strong π-π stacking interactions between macrocycles facilitate out-of-plane charge transport, and pressed pellet conductivities as high as 2(1) × 10-3 S cm-1 are observed. Peripheral alkyl functionalization enhances solution processability and enables the fabrication of thin-film field-effect transistor devices. Ambipolar charge transport is observed, suggesting that similar behavior may be operative in Cu3(HHTP)2. By coupling the attractive features of metal-organic frameworks with greater processability, these macrocycles enable facile device integration and a more nuanced understanding of out-of-plane charge transport in 2D conductive metal-organic frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Christine K Luscombe
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
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34
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Applications of polymers in lithium-ion batteries with enhanced safety and cycle life. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-022-02946-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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35
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Polymer/Carbon Nanotube Based Nanocomposites for Photovoltaic Application: Functionalization, Structural, and Optical Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14061093. [PMID: 35335425 PMCID: PMC8951899 DOI: 10.3390/polym14061093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a systematic review of nanostructured organic materials, including synthesis methods, functionalization, and applications. First, we report the chemical and physical procedures used for preparing the polymer/carbon nanotube composites described in the literature over the last decade. We compare the properties of different polymer-based prototypes of organic nanocomposites functionalized with carbon nanotubes. Theoretical and experimental vibrational investigations provide evidence of the molecular structure describing the interaction between both components, showing that the allowed amount of carbon nanotubes and their dispersion states differ across polymers. Moreover, the nature of the solvent used in the preparation has a significant impact on the dispersion process. The integration of these materials in photovoltaic applications is discussed, where the impact of nanoparticles is evidenced through the correlation between experimental analyses and theoretical approaches based on density functional theory. Alterations in optical properties, evaluated from the absorption and luminescence process, are coherent with the solar spectrum, and a good distribution of donor/acceptor interpenetration was observed. In all cases, it was demonstrated that the performance improvement is physically related to the charge transfer from the organic matrix to the nanoparticles.
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36
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Lei Z, Liu Y, Tong Y, Mo Y, Ma Y. One-Dimensional Organic Conjugated Polymers as Recyclable Heterogeneous Photocatalysts. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200029. [PMID: 35233969 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Organic conjugated polymers with long-range conjugation generally have strong light absorption capacity in visible light region and impressive performance in charge transfer, which endows them great application potential in the field of opto-electronic materials. But there are few reports on their use in photocatalytic reactions. At present, it has been reported that a variety of donor-acceptor (D-A) type organic dyes can be used in efficient organic photocatalytic transformations. We designed and synthesized one-dimensional organic conjugated polymers pPhCzBP-Th and pPhCzBP-DTh with D-A structure, and proved that they are good heterogeneous photo-redox catalysts, which can photocatalyze hydrodehalogenation reduction of α-bromoacetophenone and its derivatives. Due to the strong reducibility of the excited state, pPhCzBP-Th can also efficiently reduce α-chloroacetophenone. Furthermore, by simply wrapping the catalyst powder, high-efficient separation of products and catalysts recycling can be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhexuan Lei
- Peking University, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, CHINA
| | - Yiming Liu
- Peking University, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, CHINA
| | - Yujie Tong
- Peking University, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, CHINA
| | - Yitian Mo
- Peking University, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, CHINA
| | - Yuguo Ma
- Peking University, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, 5 YiHeYuan Rd., 100871, Beijing, CHINA
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37
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Hao Z, Zhang J, Xie M, Li X, Wang L, Liu Y, Niu K, Wang J, Song L, Cheng T, Zhang H, Chi L. From n-alkane to polyacetylene on Cu (110): Linkage modulation in chain growth. Sci China Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-021-1213-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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38
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Harish V, Tewari D, Gaur M, Yadav AB, Swaroop S, Bechelany M, Barhoum A. Review on Nanoparticles and Nanostructured Materials: Bioimaging, Biosensing, Drug Delivery, Tissue Engineering, Antimicrobial, and Agro-Food Applications. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12030457. [PMID: 35159802 PMCID: PMC8839643 DOI: 10.3390/nano12030457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
In the last few decades, the vast potential of nanomaterials for biomedical and healthcare applications has been extensively investigated. Several case studies demonstrated that nanomaterials can offer solutions to the current challenges of raw materials in the biomedical and healthcare fields. This review describes the different nanoparticles and nanostructured material synthesis approaches and presents some emerging biomedical, healthcare, and agro-food applications. This review focuses on various nanomaterial types (e.g., spherical, nanorods, nanotubes, nanosheets, nanofibers, core-shell, and mesoporous) that can be synthesized from different raw materials and their emerging applications in bioimaging, biosensing, drug delivery, tissue engineering, antimicrobial, and agro-foods. Depending on their morphology (e.g., size, aspect ratio, geometry, porosity), nanomaterials can be used as formulation modifiers, moisturizers, nanofillers, additives, membranes, and films. As toxicological assessment depends on sizes and morphologies, stringent regulation is needed from the testing of efficient nanomaterials dosages. The challenges and perspectives for an industrial breakthrough of nanomaterials are related to the optimization of production and processing conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vancha Harish
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144401, India; (V.H.); (D.T.)
| | - Devesh Tewari
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144401, India; (V.H.); (D.T.)
| | - Manish Gaur
- Centre of Biotechnology, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh 211002, India;
| | - Awadh Bihari Yadav
- Centre of Biotechnology, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh 211002, India;
- Correspondence: (A.B.Y.); (M.B.); (A.B.)
| | - Shiv Swaroop
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer 305817, India;
| | - Mikhael Bechelany
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM UMR 5635, University Montpellier, ENSCM, CNRS, 34730 Montpellier, France
- Correspondence: (A.B.Y.); (M.B.); (A.B.)
| | - Ahmed Barhoum
- NanoStruc Research Group, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Helwan, Cairo 11795, Egypt
- National Centre for Sensor Research, School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, D09 Y074 Dublin, Ireland
- Correspondence: (A.B.Y.); (M.B.); (A.B.)
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39
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Wang X, Deshmukh R, Sha R, Birktoft JJ, Menon V, Seeman NC, Canary JW. Orienting an Organic Semiconductor into DNA 3D Arrays by Covalent Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202115155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- Department of Chemistry New York University New York NY 10003 USA
| | - Rahul Deshmukh
- Department of Physics City College of New York New York NY 10031 USA
| | - Ruojie Sha
- Department of Chemistry New York University New York NY 10003 USA
| | - Jens J. Birktoft
- Department of Chemistry New York University New York NY 10003 USA
| | - Vinod Menon
- Department of Physics City College of New York New York NY 10031 USA
| | | | - James W. Canary
- Department of Chemistry New York University New York NY 10003 USA
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40
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Luppi BT, Muralidharan AV, Ostermann N, Cheong IT, Ferguson MJ, Siewert I, Rivard E. Redox‐Active Heteroatom‐Functionalized Polyacetylenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202114586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno T. Luppi
- Department of Chemistry University of Alberta 11227 Saskatchewan Dr Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Abhishek V. Muralidharan
- Department of Chemistry University of Alberta 11227 Saskatchewan Dr Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Nils Ostermann
- University of Goettingen Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Tammannstrasse 4 37077 Goettingen Germany
| | - I T. Cheong
- Department of Chemistry University of Alberta 11227 Saskatchewan Dr Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Michael J. Ferguson
- Department of Chemistry University of Alberta 11227 Saskatchewan Dr Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Inke Siewert
- University of Goettingen Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Tammannstrasse 4 37077 Goettingen Germany
| | - Eric Rivard
- Department of Chemistry University of Alberta 11227 Saskatchewan Dr Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Canada
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41
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Nie S, Li Z, Yao Y, Jin Y. Progress in Synthesis of Conductive Polymer Poly(3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene). Front Chem 2022; 9:803509. [PMID: 35004622 PMCID: PMC8738075 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.803509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
PEDOT is the most popularly used conductive polymer due to its high conductivity, good physical and chemical stability, excellent optical transparency, and the capabilities of easy doping and solution processing. Based on the advantages above, PEDOT has been widely used in various devices for energy conversion and storage, and bio-sensing. The synthesis method of PEDOT is very important as it brings different properties which determine its applications. In this mini review, we begin with a brief overview of recent researches in PEDOT. Then, the synthesis methods of PEDOT are summarized in detail, including chemical polymerization, electrochemical polymerization, and transition metal-mediated coupling polymerization. Finally, research directions in acquiring high-quality PEDOT are discussed and proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shisong Nie
- China-Australia Institute for Advanced Materials and Manufacturing, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China.,National Engineering Lab of Textile Fiber Materials and Processing Technology (Zhejiang), Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zaifang Li
- China-Australia Institute for Advanced Materials and Manufacturing, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Yuyuan Yao
- National Engineering Lab of Textile Fiber Materials and Processing Technology (Zhejiang), Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingzhi Jin
- China-Australia Institute for Advanced Materials and Manufacturing, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
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42
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Asymmetric polyoxometalate-polypyrrole composite electrode material for electrochemical energy storage supercapacitors. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2021.115856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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43
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Liu Y, Zhou Y, Xu Y. State-of-the-Art, Opportunities, and Challenges in Bottom-up Synthesis of Polymers with High Thermal Conductivity. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00272h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In contrast to metals, polymers are predominantly thermal and electrical insulators. With their unparalleled advantages such as light weight, turning polymer insulators into heat conductors with metal-like thermal conductivity is...
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44
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Mandal A. Tuning p-type to n-type Semiconductor Nature by Charge Transfer Cocrystallization: Effect of Transfer Integral vs. Reorganization Energy. CrystEngComm 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ce00006g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this contribution, 1:2 mixed stack (··DADA·· arrangement) donor acceptor cocrystal comprised of hole transport material CBP (4,4ʹ-bis(9H-carbazole-9-yl)biphenyl) as the donor (D), and TCNQ (7,7ʹ,8,8ʹ-tetracyano-1,4-quinodimethane) as the acceptor (A) was...
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45
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Lin H, Bai H, Yang Z, Shen Q, Li M, Huang Y, Lv F, Wang S. Conjugated Polymers for Biomedical Applications. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:7232-7244. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc02177c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Conjugated polymers (CPs) are a series of organic semiconductor materials with large π-conjugated backbones and delocalized electronic structures. Due to their specific photophysical properties and photoelectric effects, plenty of CPs...
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46
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Baranowska D, Kędzierski T, Aleksandrzak M, Mijowska E, Zielińska B. Influence of Hydrogenation on Morphology, Chemical Structure and Photocatalytic Efficiency of Graphitic Carbon Nitride. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:13096. [PMID: 34884900 PMCID: PMC8657794 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222313096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In this contribution, the effect of hydrogenation conditions atmosphere (temperature and time) on physicochemical properties and photocatalytic efficiency of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4, gCN) was studied in great details. The changes in the morphology, chemical structure, optical and electrochemical properties were carefully investigated. Interestingly, the as-modified samples exhibited boosted photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) with the assistance of visible light irradiation. Among modified gCN, the sample annealed at 500 °C for 4 h (500-4) in H2 atmosphere exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity-1.76 times higher compared to pristine gCN. Additionally, this sample presented high stability and durability after four cycles. It was noticed that treating gCN with hydrogen at elevated temperatures caused the creation of nitrogen vacancies on gCN surfaces acting as highly active sites enhancing the specific surface area and improving the mobility of photogenerated charge carriers leading to accelerating the photocatalytic activity. Therefore, it is believed that detailed optimization of thermal treatment in a hydrogen atmosphere is a facile approach to boost the photoactivity of gCN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Baranowska
- Department of Nanomaterials Physicochemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Piastow Ave. 42, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland; (T.K.); (M.A.); (E.M.)
| | | | | | | | - Beata Zielińska
- Department of Nanomaterials Physicochemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Piastow Ave. 42, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland; (T.K.); (M.A.); (E.M.)
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47
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Evans AM, Strauss MJ, Corcos AR, Hirani Z, Ji W, Hamachi LS, Aguilar-Enriquez X, Chavez AD, Smith BJ, Dichtel WR. Two-Dimensional Polymers and Polymerizations. Chem Rev 2021; 122:442-564. [PMID: 34852192 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic chemists have developed robust methods to synthesize discrete molecules, linear and branched polymers, and disordered cross-linked networks. However, two-dimensional polymers (2DPs) prepared from designed monomers have been long missing from these capabilities, both as objects of chemical synthesis and in nature. Recently, new polymerization strategies and characterization methods have enabled the unambiguous realization of covalently linked macromolecular sheets. Here we review 2DPs and 2D polymerization methods. Three predominant 2D polymerization strategies have emerged to date, which produce 2DPs either as monolayers or multilayer assemblies. We discuss the fundamental understanding and scope of each of these approaches, including: the bond-forming reactions used, the synthetic diversity of 2DPs prepared, their multilayer stacking behaviors, nanoscale and mesoscale structures, and macroscale morphologies. Additionally, we describe the analytical tools currently available to characterize 2DPs in their various isolated forms. Finally, we review emergent 2DP properties and the potential applications of planar macromolecules. Throughout, we highlight achievements in 2D polymerization and identify opportunities for continued study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin M Evans
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 1425 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Michael J Strauss
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 1425 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Amanda R Corcos
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 1425 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Zoheb Hirani
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 1425 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Woojung Ji
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 1425 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Leslie S Hamachi
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 1425 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California 93407, United States
| | - Xavier Aguilar-Enriquez
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 1425 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Anton D Chavez
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 1425 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Brian J Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Bucknell University,1 Dent Drive, Lewisburg, Pennsylvania 17837, United States
| | - William R Dichtel
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 1425 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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48
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Wang X, Deshmukh R, Sha R, Birktoft JJ, Menon V, Seeman NC, Canary JW. Orienting an Organic Semiconductor into DNA 3D Arrays by Covalent Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202115155. [PMID: 34847266 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202115155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A quasi-one-dimensional organic semiconductor, hepta(p-phenylene vinylene) (HPV), was incorporated into a DNA tensegrity triangle motif using a covalent strategy. 3D arrays were self-assembled from an HPV-DNA pseudo-rhombohedron edge by rational design and characterized by X-ray diffraction. Templated by the DNA motif, HPV molecules exist as single-molecule fluorescence emitters at the concentration of 8 mM within the crystal lattice. The anisotropic fluorescence emission from HPV-DNA crystals indicates HPV molecules are well aligned in the macroscopic 3D DNA lattices. Sophisticated nanodevices and functional materials constructed from DNA can be developed from this strategy by addressing functional components with molecular accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Rahul Deshmukh
- Department of Physics, City College of New York, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Ruojie Sha
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Jens J Birktoft
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Vinod Menon
- Department of Physics, City College of New York, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Nadrian C Seeman
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - James W Canary
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
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49
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Luppi BT, Muralidharan AV, Ostermann N, Cheong IT, Ferguson MJ, Siewert I, Rivard E. Redox-Active Heteroatom-Functionalized Polyacetylenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202114586. [PMID: 34826183 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202114586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of metallic conductivity in polyacetylene [-HC=CH-]n upon doping represents a landmark achievement. However, the insolubility of polyacetylene and a dearth of methods for its chemical modification have limited its widespread use. Here, we employ a ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) protocol to prepare functionalized polyacetylenes (fPAs) bearing: (1) electron-deficient boryl (-BR2 ) and phosphoryl (-P(O)R2 ) side chains; (2) electron-donating amino (-NR2 ) groups, and (3) ring-fused 1,2,3-triazolium units via strain-promoted Click chemistry. These functional groups render most of the fPAs soluble and can lead to intense light absorption across the visible to near-IR region. Also, the presence of redox-active boryl and amino groups leads to opposing near-IR optical responses upon (electro)chemical reduction or oxidation. Some of the resulting fPAs show greatly enhanced air stability when compared to known polyacetylenes. Lastly, these fPAs can be cross-linked to yield network materials with the full retention of optical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno T Luppi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Dr, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Abhishek V Muralidharan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Dr, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Nils Ostermann
- University of Goettingen, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077, Goettingen, Germany
| | - I T Cheong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Dr, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Michael J Ferguson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Dr, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Inke Siewert
- University of Goettingen, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Eric Rivard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Dr, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
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50
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Bader YMK, Guan C, Qin Y. Regio‐regular
and
cross‐conjugated
poly(thienylene vinylene)s through acyclic diene metathesis. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yousef M. Katba Bader
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology University of New Mexico Albuquerque New Mexico USA
| | - Chao Guan
- Institute of Materials Science University of Connecticut Storrs Connecticut USA
| | - Yang Qin
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology University of New Mexico Albuquerque New Mexico USA
- Institute of Materials Science University of Connecticut Storrs Connecticut USA
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering University of Connecticut Storrs Connecticut USA
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