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Lee HK, Yang YJ, Koirala GR, Oh S, Kim TI. From lab to wearables: Innovations in multifunctional hydrogel chemistry for next-generation bioelectronic devices. Biomaterials 2024; 310:122632. [PMID: 38824848 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Functional hydrogels have emerged as foundational materials in diagnostics, therapy, and wearable devices, owing to their high stretchability, flexibility, sensing, and outstanding biocompatibility. Their significance stems from their resemblance to biological tissue and their exceptional versatility in electrical, mechanical, and biofunctional engineering, positioning themselves as a bridge between living organisms and electronic systems, paving the way for the development of highly compatible, efficient, and stable interfaces. These multifaceted capability revolutionizes the essence of hydrogel-based wearable devices, distinguishing them from conventional biomedical devices in real-world practical applications. In this comprehensive review, we first discuss the fundamental chemistry of hydrogels, elucidating their distinct properties and functionalities. Subsequently, we examine the applications of these bioelectronics within the human body, unveiling their transformative potential in diagnostics, therapy, and human-machine interfaces (HMI) in real wearable bioelectronics. This exploration serves as a scientific compass for researchers navigating the interdisciplinary landscape of chemistry, materials science, and bioelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hin Kiu Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Ji Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyan Raj Koirala
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea; Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Suyoun Oh
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Il Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea; Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Nie X, Xie Y, Ding X, Dai L, Gao F, Song W, Li X, Liu P, Tan Z, Shi H, Lai C, Zhang D, Lai Y. Highly elastic, fatigue-resistant, antibacterial, conductive, and nanocellulose-enhanced hydrogels with selenium nanoparticles loading as strain sensors. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 334:122068. [PMID: 38553197 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
The fabrication of highly elastic, fatigue-resistant and conductive hydrogels with antibacterial properties is highly desirable in the field of wearable devices. However, it remains challenging to simultaneously realize the above properties within one hydrogel without compromising excellent sensing ability. Herein, we fabricated a highly elastic, fatigue-resistant, conductive, antibacterial and cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) enhanced hydrogel as a sensitive strain sensor by the synergistic effect of biosynthesized selenium nanoparticles (BioSeNPs), MXene and nanocellulose. The structure and potential mechanism to generate biologically synthesized SeNPs (BioSeNPs) were systematically investigated, and the role of protease A (PrA) in enhancing the adsorption between proteins and SeNPs was demonstrated. Additionally, owing to the incorporation of BioSeNPs, CNC and MXene, the synthesized hydrogels showed high elasticity, excellent fatigue resistance and antibacterial properties. More importantly, the sensitivity of hydrogels determined by the gauge factor was as high as 6.24 when a high strain was applied (400-700 %). This study provides a new horizon to synthesize high-performance antibacterial and conductive hydrogels for soft electronics applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinling Nie
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, Jiangsu 223003, China; College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Yitong Xie
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210042, China
| | - Xiaofeng Ding
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200443, China
| | - Lili Dai
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Feng Gao
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, Jiangsu 223003, China
| | - Wancheng Song
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, Jiangsu 223003, China
| | - Xun Li
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Pei Liu
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, Jiangsu 223003, China
| | - Zhongbiao Tan
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, Jiangsu 223003, China
| | - Hao Shi
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, Jiangsu 223003, China.
| | - Chenhuan Lai
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China.
| | - Daihui Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China; Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210042, China.
| | - Yongxian Lai
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200443, China
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3
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Zhang X, Mu Y, Zhao L, Hong Y, Shen L. Self-healing, antioxidant, and antibacterial Bletilla striata polysaccharide-tannic acid dual dynamic crosslinked hydrogels for tissue adhesion and rapid hemostasis. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:132182. [PMID: 38723806 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Biomaterials capable of achieving effective sealing and hemostasis at moist wounds are in high demand in the clinical management of acute hemorrhage. Bletilla striata polysaccharide (BSP), a natural polysaccharide renowned for its hemostatic properties, holds promising applications in biomedical fields. In this study, a dual-dynamic-bonds crosslinked hydrogel was synthesized via a facile one-pot method utilizing poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)-borax as a matrix system, followed by the incorporation of BSP and tannic acid (TA). Chemical borate ester bonds formed around borax, coupled with multiple physical hydrogen bonds between BSP and other components, enhanced the mechanical properties and rapid self-healing capabilities. The catechol moieties in TA endowed the hydrogel with excellent adhesive strength of 30.2 kPa on the surface of wet tissues and facilitated easy removal without residue. Benefiting from the synergistic effect of TA and the preservation of the intrinsic properties of BSP, the hydrogel exhibited outstanding biocompatibility, antibacterial, and antioxidant properties. Moreover, it effectively halted acute bleeding within 31.3 s, resulting in blood loss of 15.6 % of that of the untreated group. As a superior hemostatic adhesive, the hydrogel in this study is poised to offer a novel solution for addressing future acute hemorrhage, wound healing, and other biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojia Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.1200, Cai-lun Road, Pudong District, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yingying Mu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.1200, Cai-lun Road, Pudong District, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Lijie Zhao
- Engineering Research Center of Modern Preparation Technology of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.1200, Cai-lun Road, Pudong District, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Yanlong Hong
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine Health Services, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.1200, Cai-lun Road, Pudong District, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Lan Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.1200, Cai-lun Road, Pudong District, Shanghai 201203, China; Engineering Research Center of Modern Preparation Technology of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.1200, Cai-lun Road, Pudong District, Shanghai 201203, China.
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4
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Sun Z, Yin Y, Liu B, Xue T, Zou Q. Amphibious Multifunctional Hydrogel Flexible Haptic Sensor with Self-Compensation Mechanism. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:3232. [PMID: 38794086 PMCID: PMC11125873 DOI: 10.3390/s24103232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, hydrogel-based wearable flexible electronic devices have attracted much attention. However, hydrogel-based sensors are affected by structural fatigue, material aging, and water absorption and swelling, making stability and accuracy a major challenge. In this study, we present a DN-SPEZ dual-network hydrogel prepared using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), sodium alginate (SA), ethylene glycol (EG), and ZnSO4 and propose a self-calibration compensation strategy. The strategy utilizes a metal salt solution to adjust the carrier concentration of the hydrogel to mitigate the resistance drift phenomenon to improve the stability and accuracy of hydrogel sensors in amphibious scenarios, such as land and water. The ExpGrow model was used to characterize the trend of the ∆R/R0 dynamic response curves of the hydrogels in the stress tests, and the average deviation of the fitted curves ϵ¯ was calculated to quantify the stability differences of different groups. The results showed that the stability of the uncompensated group was much lower than that of the compensated group utilizing LiCl, NaCl, KCl, MgCl2, and AlCl3 solutions (ϵ¯ in the uncompensated group in air was 276.158, 1.888, 2.971, 30.586, and 13.561 times higher than that of the compensated group in LiCl, NaCl, KCl, MgCl2, and AlCl3, respectively; ϵ¯ in the uncompensated group in seawater was 10.287 times, 1.008 times, 1.161 times, 4.986 times, 1.281 times, respectively, higher than that of the compensated group in LiCl, NaCl, KCl, MgCl2 and AlCl3). In addition, for the ranking of the compensation effect of different compensation solutions, the concentration of the compensation solution and the ionic radius and charge of the cation were found to be important factors in determining the compensation effect. Detection of events in amphibious environments such as swallowing, robotic arm grasping, Morse code, and finger-wrist bending was also performed in this study. This work provides a viable method for stability and accuracy enhancement of dual-network hydrogel sensors with strain and pressure sensing capabilities and offers solutions for sensor applications in both airborne and underwater amphibious environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhao Sun
- School of Microelectronics, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (Z.S.); (Y.Y.); (B.L.)
| | - Yunjiang Yin
- School of Microelectronics, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (Z.S.); (Y.Y.); (B.L.)
| | - Baoguo Liu
- School of Microelectronics, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (Z.S.); (Y.Y.); (B.L.)
| | - Tao Xue
- Center of Analysis and Testing Facilities, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China;
| | - Qiang Zou
- School of Microelectronics, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (Z.S.); (Y.Y.); (B.L.)
- Tianjin International Joint Research Center for Internet of Things, Tianjin 300072, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Imaging and Sensing Microelectronic Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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Juan CY, Zhang YS, Cheng JK, Chen YH, Lin HC, Yeh MY. Lysine-Triggered Polymeric Hydrogels with Self-Adhesion, Stretchability, and Supportive Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1388. [PMID: 38794581 PMCID: PMC11125877 DOI: 10.3390/polym16101388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels, recognized for their flexibility and diverse characteristics, are extensively used in medical fields such as wearable sensors and soft robotics. However, many hydrogel sensors derived from biomaterials lack mechanical strength and fatigue resistance, emphasizing the necessity for enhanced formulations. In this work, we utilized acrylamide and polyacrylamide as the primary polymer network, incorporated chemically modified poly(ethylene glycol) (DF-PEG) as a physical crosslinker, and introduced varying amounts of methacrylated lysine (LysMA) to prepare a series of hydrogels. This formulation was labeled as poly(acrylamide)-DF-PEG-LysMA, abbreviated as pADLx, with x denoting the weight/volume percentage of LysMA. We observed that when the hydrogel contained 2.5% w/v LysMA (pADL2.5), compared to hydrogels without LysMA (pADL0), its stress increased by 642 ± 76%, strain increased by 1790 ± 95%, and toughness increased by 2037 ± 320%. Our speculation regarding the enhanced mechanical performance of the pADL2.5 hydrogel revolves around the synergistic effects arising from the co-polymerization of LysMA with acrylamide and the formation of multiple intermolecular hydrogen bonds within the network structures. Moreover, the acid, amine, and amide groups present in the LysMA molecules have proven to be instrumental contributors to the self-adhesion capability of the hydrogel. The validation of the pADL2.5 hydrogel's exceptional mechanical properties through rigorous tensile tests further underscores its suitability for use in strain sensors. The outstanding stretchability, adhesive strength, and fatigue resistance demonstrated by this hydrogel affirm its potential as a key component in the development of robust and reliable strain sensors that fulfill practical requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chieh-Yun Juan
- Department of Chemistry, Chung Yuan Christian University, No. 200, Zhongbei Rd., Zhongli Dist., Taoyuan City 320314, Taiwan; (C.-Y.J.); (Y.-S.Z.)
| | - You-Sheng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Chung Yuan Christian University, No. 200, Zhongbei Rd., Zhongli Dist., Taoyuan City 320314, Taiwan; (C.-Y.J.); (Y.-S.Z.)
| | - Jen-Kun Cheng
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 10449, Taiwan;
- Department of Anesthesiology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 10449, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City 25245, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsu Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan 330215, Taiwan
- Department of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114201, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Chieh Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
- Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-Devices (IDS2B), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30068, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Yu Yeh
- Department of Chemistry, Chung Yuan Christian University, No. 200, Zhongbei Rd., Zhongli Dist., Taoyuan City 320314, Taiwan; (C.-Y.J.); (Y.-S.Z.)
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Xie M, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Lin T, Wang Y, Sheng L, Li J, Peng J, Zhai M. Mechanically Excellent, Notch-Insensitive, and Highly Conductive Double-Network Hydrogel for Flexible Strain Sensor. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:22604-22613. [PMID: 38627235 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c04310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
A novel double-network conductive hydrogel based on lithium acetate/gelatin/polyacrylamide (PAAM) was synthesized by heating-cooling and subsequent γ-ray radiation-induced polymerization and cross-linking. Owing to the hydrogen bonding interaction between lithium acetate, physical cross-linked gelatin, and chemical cross-linked PAAM, the resultant hydrogel exhibited high tensile strength (1260 kPa), high ionic conductivity (35.2 mS cm-1), notch-insensitivity (tensile strength 415 kPa, elongation at break 872% with transverse notch), and extensive strain monitoring range (0.15-800%) under optimum conditions. The lithium acetate/gelatin/polyacrylamide hydrogel strain sensor attached to the skin can sensitively monitor the subtle movements of the human body. The strain sensor based on the resultant hydrogel with transverse notch can still work for 1200 cycles, due to that the covalent-cross-linked PAAm chain bridges the cracks and stabilizes the deformation, while the physical-cross-linked gelatin was unzipped to make the blunting of notch. The conductive hydrogel with high-sensitivity and high stability is expected to be used as materials for the preparation of flexible strain sensors in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingshu Xie
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Radiochemistry and Radiation Chemistry Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science, The Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
| | - Yimeng Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Radiochemistry and Radiation Chemistry Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science, The Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
| | - Zeyu Zhang
- Institute of Chemical Defense, Beijing 100191, P R. China
| | - Tingrui Lin
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Architectural Coating, Skshu Paint Co., Ltd., 518 North Liyuan Avenue, Licheng District, Putian, Fujian 351100, P.R. China
| | - Yicheng Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Radiochemistry and Radiation Chemistry Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science, The Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
| | - Lang Sheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Radiochemistry and Radiation Chemistry Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science, The Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
| | - Jiuqiang Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Radiochemistry and Radiation Chemistry Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science, The Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
| | - Jing Peng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Radiochemistry and Radiation Chemistry Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science, The Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
| | - Maolin Zhai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Radiochemistry and Radiation Chemistry Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science, The Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
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7
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Ge Z, Wang Z, Luo C. A grape seed protein-tannic acid powder to transform various non-adhesive hydrogels into adhesive gels. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 266:131215. [PMID: 38552679 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Realizing adhesion between wet materials remains challenging because of the interfacial water. Current strategies depend on complicated surface modifications, resulting in limited functions. Herein, a facile strategy based on the powder of grape seed protein and tannic acid (GSP-TA) was reported to endow various non-adhesive hydrogels adhesion without chemical modifications for both hydrogels and adherents. The GSP-TA powder has the capability to absorb interfacial water, form an adhesive layer on the hydrogel surface, diffusion into the underneath hydrogel matrix, and establish the initial adhesion within 5 s. By forming multiple non-covalent interactions between powders and substrates, the GSP-TA powder served as an efficient surface treating agent, enabling robust adhesion to solid substrates (wood, cardboard, glass, iron, and rubber) and wet tissues (pigskin, muscle, liver and heart). The adhesive strength for wood, cardboard, glass, iron, and rubber was 145.92 ± 5.93, 123.93 ± 15.98, 66.24 ± 7.67, 98.22 ± 4.13, and 80.83 ± 7.48 kPa, respectively. Because of reversible interactions, the adhesion was also repeatable. Due to the merits of grape seed protein and plant polyphenol, it could be completely degraded within 11 days. Bearing several merits, this strategy has promising applications in wound patches, tissue repair, and sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Ge
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China
| | - Zi Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China
| | - Chunhui Luo
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China; Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China; Ningxia Key Laboratory of Solar Chemical Conversion Technology, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China.
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8
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Zhai H, Yue C, Li Z, Ma L, Wang T, Zhang H, Wang J, Yang S. MXene/Silk Fibroin Strengthened PVA-Based Eutectogel with Excellent Self-Healing Ability and Environmental Adaptability: Design, Synthesis, and Sensing Application. Chem Asian J 2024:e202400055. [PMID: 38545629 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202400055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
A superelastic self-healing eutectogel was designed and prepared using poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as the bulk skeleton material, while silk fibroin (SF) and two-dimensional (2D) MXene (Ti3C2TX) as reinforcing fillers. In brief, the eutectogel possesses a high tensile strength of 7.63 MPa, and its elongation at break reached 1115.2%, higher than most reported polymers (<1000%). In addition, the eutectogel-assembled sensor has a high ionic conductivity of 0.61 S/m and a high strain sensitivity of 5.17 kPa-1. Moreover, eutectogel shows excellent self-healing ability and can achieve self-healing quickly within 10 min, while its tensile strength and elongation at break can be restored to 84.7% and 97.4% of the initial levels. Besides, a stable electrical signal can be transmitted after 200 cycles at 30% strain. Finally, the eutectogel can withstand various environmental conditions, such as atmospheric or even vacuum evaporation and low-temperature freezing, while maintaining good mechanical and sensing performances. The assembled flexible sensors based on the eutectogel demonstrate their significant application prospects in wearable devices, especially human physiological monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanlin Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Chen Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Zhangpeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Limin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Jinqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shengrong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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9
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Xu Y, Tan C, He Y, Luo B, Liu M. Chitin nanocrystals stabilized liquid metal for highly stretchable and anti-freeze hydrogels as flexible strain sensor. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 328:121728. [PMID: 38220327 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Conductive hydrogels show extensive applications in flexible electronics and biomedical areas, but it is a challenge to simultaneously achieve high mechanical properties, satisfied electrical conductivity, good biocompatibility, self-recovery and anti-freezing properties through a simple preparation method. Herein, chitin nanocrystals (ChNCs) were employed to encapsulate liquid metal nanoparticles (LMNPs) to ensure the dispersion stability of LMNPs in a hydrogel system composed of polyacrylamide (PAM) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The synergistic effect of ChNCs-stabilized LMNPs imparts remarkable conductivity to the hydrogel, making it an effective strain sensor for human motion. With 1 % LMNPs, the composite hydrogel stretches up to 2100 %, showing excellent stretchability. Under 10 cycles of 200 % strain, hysteresis loop curves overlap, indicating outstanding fatigue resistance. The hydrogel exhibits remarkable self-recovery, enduring 1400 % deformation without rupture. In addition, its effective antifreeze properties result from immersion in a glycerol-water solvent. Even at -20 °C and 60 °C, the hydrogel maintains stable, reproducible resistance changes at 150 % tensile strain. Therefore, the high-performance conductive hydrogel containing ChNCs stabilized LM has promising applications in flexible wearable sensing devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqian Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, PR China
| | - Cuiying Tan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, PR China
| | - Yunqing He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, PR China
| | - Binghong Luo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, PR China
| | - Mingxian Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Speed Capability Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China.
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10
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Wang X, Weng L, Zhang X, Wu Z, Guan L, Li X. A Self-Healing Conductive Elastomer Based on a Polymerizable Deep Eutectic Solvent. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2304828. [PMID: 37939295 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202304828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Conductive elastomers are extensively used in electronics; however, they are prone to mechanical damage, have shortened service life, and cause environmental pollution and resource waste under the influence of external factors. Therefore, conductive elastomers with rapid self-healing properties are crucial for solving these problems. To that end, a conductive elastomer based on a polymerizable deep eutectic solvent as the matrix is developed in this study. The contents of certain small molecules and conductive particles are adjusted to yield a conductive elastomer with excellent comprehensive performance. The elastomer exhibited noteworthy fracture strength (15.7 MPa), ultrahigh fracture elongation (2400%), excellent light transmittance (95.6%), and remarkable self-healing characteristics, with complete electrical healing achieved within 0.6 s, ≈63% strain, and ≈64% stress recovered within 1 min, and healing efficiency close to 99% realized within 24 h. By leveraging these properties, the elastomer is used to construct a sensor that exhibited a gauge factor of ≈0.574 in the strain range 0-2400% and excellent stability. Moreover, the CCK-8 toxicity test and fluorescence staining experiment have demonstrated that conductive elastomers have excellent cell compatibility and also have excellent potential in the field of biomedicine. In particular, the sensor is effectively applied in human motion detection, health monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Wang
- School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Ling Weng
- School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Dielectrics and Application, Ministry of Education, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Xiaorui Zhang
- School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Dielectrics and Application, Ministry of Education, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Zijian Wu
- School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Lizhu Guan
- School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Xue Li
- School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
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11
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Dong B, Yu D, Lu P, Song Z, Chen W, Zhang F, Li B, Wang H, Liu W. TEMPO bacterial cellulose and MXene nanosheets synergistically promote tough hydrogels for intelligent wearable human-machine interaction. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 326:121621. [PMID: 38142077 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Conductive hydrogels have received increasing attention in the field of wearable electronics, but they also face many challenges such as temperature tolerance, biocompatibility, and stability of mechanical properties. In this paper, a double network hydrogel of MXene/TEMPO bacterial cellulose (TOBC) system is proposed. Through solvent replacement, the hydrogel exhibits wide temperature tolerance (-20-60 °C) and stable mechanical properties. A large number of hydrogen bonds, MXene/TOBC dynamic three-dimensional network system, and micellar interactions endow the hydrogel with excellent mechanical properties (elongation at break ~2800 %, strength at break ~420 kPa) and self-healing ability. The introduction of tannic acid prevents the oxidation of MXene and the loss of electrical properties of the hydrogel. In addition, the sensor can also quickly (74 ms) and sensitive (gauge factor = 15.65) wirelessly monitor human motion, and the biocompatibility can well avoid the stimulation when it comes into contact with the human body. This series of research work reveals the fabrication of MXene-like flexible wearable electronic devices based on self-healing, good cell compatibility, high sensitivity, wide temperature tolerance and durability, which can be used in smart wearable, wireless monitoring, human-machine Interaction and other aspects show great application potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoting Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Ji'nan, Shandong Province 250353, China
| | - Dehai Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Ji'nan, Shandong Province 250353, China.
| | - Peng Lu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Zhaoping Song
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Ji'nan, Shandong Province 250353, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Wei Chen
- College of Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Rizhao 276826, China
| | - Fengshan Zhang
- Shandong Huatai Paper Co., Ltd., Shandong Yellow Triangle Biotechnology Industry Research Institute Co. Ltd., Dongying, Shandong Province 257335, China
| | - Bin Li
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266101, China
| | - Huili Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Ji'nan, Shandong Province 250353, China
| | - Wenxia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Ji'nan, Shandong Province 250353, China
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12
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Shan M, Chen X, Zhang X, Zhang S, Zhang L, Chen J, Wang X, Liu X. Injectable Conductive Hydrogel with Self-Healing, Motion Monitoring, and Bacteria Theranostics for Bioelectronic Wound Dressing. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2303876. [PMID: 38217457 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202303876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Wounds at joints are difficult to treat and tend to recover more slowly due to the frequent motions. When using traditional hydrogel dressings, they are easy to crack and undergo bacterial infection, difficult to match and monitor the irregular wounds. Integrating multiple functions within a hydrogel dressing to achieve intelligent wound monitoring and healing remains a significant challenge. In this research, a multifunctional hydrogel is developed based on polysaccharide biopolymer, poly(vinyl alcohol), and hydroxylated graphene through dynamic borate ester bonding and supramolecular interaction. The prepared hydrogel not only exhibits rapid self-healing (within 60 s), injectable, conductive and motion monitoring properties, but also realizes in situ bacterial sensing and killing functions. It shows excellent bacterial sensitivity (within 15 min) and killing ability via the changes of electrical signals and photothermal therapy, avoiding the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria. In vivo experiments prove that the hydrogel can promote wound healing effectively. In addition, it displays great electromechanical performance to achieve real-time monitoring and prevent re-tearing of the wound at human joints. The injectable pH-responsive hydrogel with good biocompatibility demonstrates considerable potential as multifunctional bioelectronic dressing for the detection, treatment, management, and healing of infected joint wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Shan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Thin-Film Technologies, Henan Innovation Center for Functional Polymer Membrane Materials, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and Application, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Sinopec Oilfield Equipment Corporation, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xin Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, National Engineering Research Center of Wheat and Corn Further Processing, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xiaoyang Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Thin-Film Technologies, Henan Innovation Center for Functional Polymer Membrane Materials, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and Application, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Shike Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Thin-Film Technologies, Henan Innovation Center for Functional Polymer Membrane Materials, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and Application, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Linlin Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Thin-Film Technologies, Henan Innovation Center for Functional Polymer Membrane Materials, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and Application, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jinzhou Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Thin-Film Technologies, Henan Innovation Center for Functional Polymer Membrane Materials, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and Application, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xianghong Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Thin-Film Technologies, Henan Innovation Center for Functional Polymer Membrane Materials, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and Application, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xuying Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Thin-Film Technologies, Henan Innovation Center for Functional Polymer Membrane Materials, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and Application, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
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13
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Cao X, Cao Q, Zhang T, Ji W, Muhammad U, Chen J, Wei Y. Hydrophobically Associated Hydrogel for High Sensitivity and Resolution of an Interdigital Electrode Pressure Sensor. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:143-154. [PMID: 38054613 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogel-based flexible strain sensors have been known for their excellent ability to convert different motions of humans into electrical signals, thus enabling real-time monitoring of various human health parameters. In this work, a composite hydrogel with hydrophobic association and hybrid cross-linking was fabricated by using polyacrylamide (PAm), surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), lauryl methacrylate (LMA), and polypyrrole (PPy). The dynamic dissociation-conjugation among LMA, SDS, and PPy could dissipate energy to improve the toughness of hydrogels. The SDS/PPy/LMPAm composite hydrogel with a toughness of 1.44 MJ/m3, tensile fracture stress of 345 kPa, tensile strain of 1021%, and electrical conductivity of 0.57 S/m was obtained. Furthermore, an interdigital electrode flexible pressure sensor was designed to replace the bipolar electrode flexible pressure sensor, which greatly improved the sensitivity and resolution of the pressure sensor. The SDS/PPy/LMPAm composite hydrogel-based interdigital electrode flexible pressure sensor showed extraordinary stability and identified different hand gestures as well as monitored the pulse signal of humans. Moreover, the characteristic systolic and diastolic peaks were clearly observed. The pulse frequency (65 times/min) and the radial artery augmentation index (0.57) were calculated, which are very important in evaluating the arterial vessel wall and function of human arteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 North Third Ring Road East, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Qinglong Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 North Third Ring Road East, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Taoyi Zhang
- Sinopec Beijing Research Institute of Chemical Industry, 14 North Third Ring Road East, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100014, China
| | - Wenxi Ji
- Sinopec Beijing Research Institute of Chemical Industry, 14 North Third Ring Road East, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100014, China
| | - Usman Muhammad
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 North Third Ring Road East, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Jing Chen
- Sinopec Beijing Research Institute of Chemical Industry, 14 North Third Ring Road East, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100014, China
| | - Yun Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 North Third Ring Road East, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
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14
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Zhang Y, Tang Q, Zhou J, Zhao C, Li J, Wang H. Conductive and Eco-friendly Biomaterials-based Hydrogels for Noninvasive Epidermal Sensors: A Review. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:191-218. [PMID: 38052003 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
As noninvasive wearable electronic devices, epidermal sensors enable continuous, real-time, and remote monitoring of various human physiological parameters. Conductive biomaterials-based hydrogels as sensor matrix materials have good biocompatibility, biodegradability, and efficient stimulus response capabilities and are widely applied in motion monitoring, healthcare, and human-machine interaction. However, biomass hydrogel-based epidermal sensing devices still need excellent mechanical properties, prolonged stability, multifunctionality, and extensive practicality. Therefore, this paper reviews the common biomass hydrogel materials for epidermal sensing (proteins, polysaccharides, polyphenols, etc.) and the various types of noninvasive sensing devices (strain/pressure sensors, temperature sensors, glucose sensors, electrocardiograms, etc.). Moreover, this review focuses on the strategies of scholars to enhance sensor properties, such as strength, conductivity, stability, adhesion, and self-healing ability. This work will guide the preparation and optimization of high-performance biomaterials-based hydrogel epidermal sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibo Zhang
- School of Information Science and Technology, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
| | - Qianhui Tang
- School of Marine Technology and Environment, Dalian Ocean University, 52 Heishijiao Street, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, P. R. China
| | - Junyang Zhou
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Chenghao Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
| | - Jingpeng Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
| | - Haiting Wang
- School of Information Science and Technology, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, China
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15
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Cui S, Zhang S, Zhang F, Lin R, Tang C, Jing X. Tannic acid-coated cellulose nanocrystal-reinforced transparent multifunctional hydrogels with UV-filtering for wearable flexible sensors. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 323:121385. [PMID: 37940280 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Ionically conductive hydrogels are an ideal alternative material for applications in wearable flexible sensors to monitor human health. However, producing hydrogels with both high sensitivity and excellent versatility is difficult, and their transparency and UV-blocking properties are significantly limited. Here, with mussel- and gecko-inspired biomimicry, all-biomass-based hydrogels (OGTCGs) with self-adhesive, self-healing, transparent, UV-filtering, frost-resistant, environmentally stable, antibacterial, and biocompatible properties were designed and constructed via a simple one-step approach with a water/glycerol system and borax added without any crosslinker using synergistic dynamic covalent and noncovalent chemistry. The transparency of the OGTCG hydrogel reached 81.06 %, while the added tannic acid-coated cellulose nanocrystal (TA@CNC) induced a UV-blocking effect. The OGTCG hydrogel exhibited a high toughness (218.67 kPa) and modulus (100.32 kPa) reinforced by TA@CNC. The OGTCG hydrogel showed good self-healing abilities with an efficiency of over 90 % after 6 h. In a binary solvent system, the OGTCG hydrogel had environmental stability, as illustrated by density functional theory (DFT), greatly broadening its application range. Moreover, it had an electrical conductivity of 2.3 mS cm-1 and a sensitivity of 3.97. Therefore, with its rapid response and real-time monitoring capabilities, the OGTCG hydrogel shows great potential for applications in monitoring human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyuan Cui
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper Development, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Key Laboratory of Paper Based Functional Materials of China National Light Industry, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Sufeng Zhang
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper Development, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Key Laboratory of Paper Based Functional Materials of China National Light Industry, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China.
| | - Fengjiao Zhang
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper Development, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Key Laboratory of Paper Based Functional Materials of China National Light Industry, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Rui Lin
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper Development, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Key Laboratory of Paper Based Functional Materials of China National Light Industry, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Chengfang Tang
- School of Stomatology, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Xiaokai Jing
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper Development, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Key Laboratory of Paper Based Functional Materials of China National Light Industry, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
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16
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Li W, Li SM, Kang MC, Xiong X, Wang P, Tao LQ. Multi-characteristic tannic acid-reinforced polyacrylamide/sodium carboxymethyl cellulose ionic hydrogel strain sensor for human-machine interaction. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127434. [PMID: 37838111 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Big data and cloud computing are propelling research in human-computer interface within academia. However, the potential of wearable human-machine interaction (HMI) devices utilizing multiperformance ionic hydrogels remains largely unexplored. Here, we present a motion recognition-based HMI system that enhances movement training. We engineered dual-network PAM/CMC/TA (PCT) hydrogels by reinforcing polyacrylamide (PAM) and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) polymers with tannic acid (TA). These hydrogels possess exceptional transparency, adhesion, and remodelling features. By combining an elastic PAM backbone with tunable amounts of CMC and TA, the PCT hydrogels achieve optimal electromechanical performance. As strain sensors, they demonstrate higher sensitivity (GF = 4.03), low detection limit (0.5 %), and good linearity (0.997). Furthermore, we developed a highly accurate (97.85 %) motion recognition system using machine learning and hydrogel-based wearable sensors. This system enables contactless real-time training monitoring and wireless control of trolley operations. Our research underscores the effectiveness of PCT hydrogels for real-time HMI, thus advancing next-generation HMI systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment & System Security and New Technology, School of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Si-Mou Li
- State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment & System Security and New Technology, School of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Mei-Cun Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment & System Security and New Technology, School of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Xiong Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment & System Security and New Technology, School of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Ping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment & System Security and New Technology, School of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Lu-Qi Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment & System Security and New Technology, School of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Industrial Spectrum Imaging, School of Automation and Electrical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
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17
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Yang JY, Kumar A, Shaikh MO, Huang SH, Chou YN, Yang CC, Hsu CK, Kuo LC, Chuang CH. Biocompatible, Antibacterial, and Stable Deep Eutectic Solvent-Based Ionic Gel Multimodal Sensors for Healthcare Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:55244-55257. [PMID: 37991845 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c09613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated a novel approach to fabricate multifunctional ionic gel sensors by using deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as replacements for water. When two distinct DESs were combined, customizable mechanical and conductive properties were created, resulting in improved performance compared with traditional hydrogel-based strain sensors. DES ionic gels possess superior mechanical properties, transparency, biocompatibility, and antimicrobial properties, making them suitable for a wide range of applications such as flexible electronics, soft robotics, and healthcare. We conducted a comprehensive evaluation of the DES ionic gels, evaluating their performance under extreme temperature conditions (-70 to 80 °C), impressive optical transparency (94%), and biocompatibility. Furthermore, a series of tests were conducted to evaluate the antibacterial performance (Escherichia coli) of the DES ionic gels. Their wide strain (1-400%) and temperature (15-50 °C)-sensing ranges demonstrate the versatility and adaptability of DES ionic gels for diverse sensing requirements. The resulting DES ionic gels were successfully applied in human activity and vital sign monitoring, demonstrating their potential for biointegrated sensing devices and healthcare applications. This study offers valuable insights into the development and optimization of hydrogel sensors, particularly for applications that require environmental stability, biocompatibility, and antibacterial performance, thereby paving the way for future advancements in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yu Yang
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Amit Kumar
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Muhammad Omar Shaikh
- Sustainability Science and Management Program, Tunghai University, Taichung 407224, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hung Huang
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Nien Chou
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan 71005, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Chun Yang
- Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
- International Center for Wound Repair and Regeneration, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Kai Hsu
- Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
- International Center for Wound Repair and Regeneration, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chieh Kuo
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
- Medical Device Innovation Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsin Chuang
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- The Center of Excellence for Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease (CEMAFLD), National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
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18
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Cai Y, Fu X, Zhou Y, Lei L, Wang J, Zeng W, Yang Z. A hydrogel system for drug loading toward the synergistic application of reductive/heat-sensitive drugs. J Control Release 2023; 362:409-424. [PMID: 37666303 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
The preparation of hydrogels as drug carriers via radical-mediated polymerization has significant prospects, but the strong oxidizing ability of radicals and the high temperatures generated by the vigorous reactions limits the loading for reducing/heat-sensitive drugs. Herein, an applicable hydrogel synthesized by radical-mediated polymerization is reported for the loading and synergistic application of specific drugs. First, the desired sol is obtained by polymerizing functional monomers using a radical initiator, and then tannic-acid-assisted specific drug mediates sol-branched phenylboric acid group to form the required functional hydrogel (New-gel). Compared with the conventional single-step radical-mediated drug-loading hydrogel, the New-gel not only has better chemical/physical properties but also efficiently loads and releases drugs and maintains drug activity. Particularly, the New-gel has excellent loading capacity for oxygen, and exhibits significant practical therapeutic effects for diabetic wound repair. Furthermore, owing to its high light transmittance, the New-gel synergistically promotes the antibacterial effect of photosensitive drugs. This gelation strategy for loading drugs has further promising biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucen Cai
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Xiaoxue Fu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institution, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Yingjuan Zhou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Lin Lei
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Weinan Zeng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institution, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China.
| | - Zhangyou Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
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19
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Shang Z, Liu G, Sun Y, Li C, Zhao N, Chen Z, Guo R, Zheng Z, Zhou F, Liu W. Mussel-Inspired Wet-Adhesive Multifunctional Organohydrogel with Extreme Environmental Tolerance for Wearable Strain Sensor. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:44342-44353. [PMID: 37668314 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c10213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
As a flexible artificial material, the conductive hydrogel has broad application prospects in flexible wearable electronics, soft robotics, and biomedical monitoring. However, traditional hydrogels still face many challenges, such as long-term stability, availability in extreme environments, and long-lasting adhesion to the skin surface under sweaty or humid conditions. To circumvent the above issues, one kind of ionic conductive hydrogel was prepared by a simple one-pot method that dissolved chitosan (CS), 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS), tannic acid (TA), and 2-methoxy-ethyl acrylate (MEA) into dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)/H2O solvent. The resulting hydrogel showed excellent tensile properties (1440%), extreme environmental tolerance (-40-60 °C), adhesion (72 KPa at porcine skin), ionic conductivity (0.87 S m-1), and high-efficiency antibacterial property. Furthermore, the produced organohydrogel strain sensor exhibited high strain sensitivity (GF = 4.07), excellent signal sensing capabilities (human joint movement, microexpression, and sound signals), and long-term cyclic stability (400 cycles). Looking beyond, this work provides a simple and promising strategy for using hydrogel sensors in extreme environments for e-skin, health monitoring, and wearable electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenling Shang
- Center of Advanced Lubrication and Sealing Materials, State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Guoqiang Liu
- Center of Advanced Lubrication and Sealing Materials, State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Yue Sun
- Center of Advanced Lubrication and Sealing Materials, State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Chenghao Li
- Center of Advanced Lubrication and Sealing Materials, State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Nan Zhao
- Center of Advanced Lubrication and Sealing Materials, State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Center of Advanced Lubrication and Sealing Materials, State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Ruisheng Guo
- Center of Advanced Lubrication and Sealing Materials, State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Zijian Zheng
- Center of Advanced Lubrication and Sealing Materials, State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 00000,SAR, China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Center of Advanced Lubrication and Sealing Materials, State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Weimin Liu
- Center of Advanced Lubrication and Sealing Materials, State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
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20
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Saeidi M, Chenani H, Orouji M, Adel Rastkhiz M, Bolghanabadi N, Vakili S, Mohamadnia Z, Hatamie A, Simchi A(A. Electrochemical Wearable Biosensors and Bioelectronic Devices Based on Hydrogels: Mechanical Properties and Electrochemical Behavior. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:823. [PMID: 37622909 PMCID: PMC10452289 DOI: 10.3390/bios13080823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogel-based wearable electrochemical biosensors (HWEBs) are emerging biomedical devices that have recently received immense interest. The exceptional properties of HWEBs include excellent biocompatibility with hydrophilic nature, high porosity, tailorable permeability, the capability of reliable and accurate detection of disease biomarkers, suitable device-human interface, facile adjustability, and stimuli responsive to the nanofiller materials. Although the biomimetic three-dimensional hydrogels can immobilize bioreceptors, such as enzymes and aptamers, without any loss in their activities. However, most HWEBs suffer from low mechanical strength and electrical conductivity. Many studies have been performed on emerging electroactive nanofillers, including biomacromolecules, carbon-based materials, and inorganic and organic nanomaterials, to tackle these issues. Non-conductive hydrogels and even conductive hydrogels may be modified by nanofillers, as well as redox species. All these modifications have led to the design and development of efficient nanocomposites as electrochemical biosensors. In this review, both conductive-based and non-conductive-based hydrogels derived from natural and synthetic polymers are systematically reviewed. The main synthesis methods and characterization techniques are addressed. The mechanical properties and electrochemical behavior of HWEBs are discussed in detail. Finally, the prospects and potential applications of HWEBs in biosensing, healthcare monitoring, and clinical diagnostics are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Saeidi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 14588-89694, Iran; (H.C.); (M.O.); (M.A.R.); (N.B.)
| | - Hossein Chenani
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 14588-89694, Iran; (H.C.); (M.O.); (M.A.R.); (N.B.)
| | - Mina Orouji
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 14588-89694, Iran; (H.C.); (M.O.); (M.A.R.); (N.B.)
| | - MahsaSadat Adel Rastkhiz
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 14588-89694, Iran; (H.C.); (M.O.); (M.A.R.); (N.B.)
| | - Nafiseh Bolghanabadi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 14588-89694, Iran; (H.C.); (M.O.); (M.A.R.); (N.B.)
| | - Shaghayegh Vakili
- Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan 45371-38791, Iran;
| | - Zahra Mohamadnia
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Science (IASBS), Gava Zang, Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran;
| | - Amir Hatamie
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Science (IASBS), Gava Zang, Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran;
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Abdolreza (Arash) Simchi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 14588-89694, Iran; (H.C.); (M.O.); (M.A.R.); (N.B.)
- Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 14588-89694, Iran
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21
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Miao G, Xu L, Li F, Miao X, Hou Z, Xu T, Ren G, Yang X, Qiu J, Zhu X. Simple and Rapid Way to a Multifunctionally Conductive Hydrogel for Wearable Strain Sensors. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:10530-10541. [PMID: 37460098 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Conductive hydrogels have gained increasing attention in the field of wearable smart devices. However, it remains a big challenge to develop a multifunctionally conductive hydrogel in a rapid and facile way. Herein, a conductive tannic acid-iron/poly (acrylic acid) hydrogel was synthesized within 30 s at ambient temperature by the tannic acid-iron (TA@Fe3+)-mediated dynamic catalytic system. The TA@Fe3+ dynamic redox autocatalytic pair could efficiently activate the ammonium persulfate to initiate the free-radical polymerization, allowing the gelation to occur easily and rapidly. The resulting hydrogel exhibited enhanced stretchability (3560%), conductivity (33.58 S/m), and strain sensitivity (gauge factor = 2.11). When damaged, it could be self-healed through the dynamic and reversible coordination bonds between the Fe3+ and COO- groups in the hydrogel network. Interestingly, the resulting hydrogel could act as a strain sensor to monitor various human motions including the huge movement of deformations (knuckle, wrist) and subtle motions (smiling, breathing) in real time due to its enhanced self-adhesion, good conductivity, and improved strain sensitivity. Also, the obtained hydrogel exhibited efficient electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding performance with an EMI shielding effectiveness value of 24.5 dB in the X-band (8.2-12.4 GHz). Additionally, it displayed antibacterial properties, with the help of the activity of TA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gan Miao
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264405, China
| | - Lide Xu
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264405, China
| | - Fangchao Li
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264405, China
| | - Xiao Miao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Optical Communication Science and Technology, School of Physics Science and Information Technology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Zhiqiang Hou
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264405, China
| | - Ting Xu
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264405, China
| | - Guina Ren
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264405, China
| | - Xiaoyang Yang
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264405, China
| | - Jianxun Qiu
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264405, China
| | - Xiaotao Zhu
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264405, China
- Yantai Zhongke Research Institute of Advanced Materials and Green Chemical Engineering, Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Green Manufacturing, Yantai 264006, China
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22
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Hua J, Su M, Sun X, Li J, Sun Y, Qiu H, Shi Y, Pan L. Hydrogel-Based Bioelectronics and Their Applications in Health Monitoring. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:696. [PMID: 37504095 PMCID: PMC10377104 DOI: 10.3390/bios13070696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Flexible bioelectronics exhibit promising potential for health monitoring, owing to their soft and stretchable nature. However, the simultaneous improvement of mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and signal-to-noise ratio of these devices for health monitoring poses a significant challenge. Hydrogels, with their loose three-dimensional network structure that encapsulates massive amounts of water, are a potential solution. Through the incorporation of polymers or conductive fillers into the hydrogel and special preparation methods, hydrogels can achieve a unification of excellent properties such as mechanical properties, self-healing, adhesion, and biocompatibility, making them a hot material for health monitoring bioelectronics. Currently, hydrogel-based bioelectronics can be used to fabricate flexible bioelectronics for motion, bioelectric, and biomolecular acquisition for human health monitoring and further clinical applications. This review focuses on materials, devices, and applications for hydrogel-based bioelectronics. The main material properties and research advances of hydrogels for health monitoring bioelectronics are summarized firstly. Then, we provide a focused discussion on hydrogel-based bioelectronics for health monitoring, which are classified as skin-attachable, implantable, or semi-implantable depending on the depth of penetration and the location of the device. Finally, future challenges and opportunities of hydrogel-based bioelectronics for health monitoring are envisioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangbo Hua
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Mengrui Su
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Xidi Sun
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Jiean Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yuqiong Sun
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Hao Qiu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yi Shi
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Lijia Pan
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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23
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Chai C, Ma L, Chu Y, Li W, Qian Y, Hao J. Extreme-environment-adapted eutectogel mediated by heterostructure for epidermic sensor and underwater communication. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 638:439-448. [PMID: 36758256 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.01.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, gel-based ion conductor has been widely considered in wearable electronics because of the favorable flexibility and conductivity. However, it is of vital importance, yet rather challenging to adapt the gel for underwater and dry conditions. Herein, an anti-swelling and anti-drying, intrinsic conductor eutectogel is designed via a one-step radical polymerization of acrylic acid and 2, 2, 2‑trifluoroethyl methacrylate in binary deep eutectic solvents (DESs) medium. On the one hand, the synergistic effects of hydrophilic/hydrophobic heteronetworks can elicit the integrity stability of eutectogel in liquid environment. It is proved that both the mechanical property and conductivity are maintained after immersing in different salt, alkaline and acid solution and organic solvent for one month. On the other hand, the eutectogel inherits well conductivity (93 mS/m), anti-drying and antibacterial properties from DESs. Based on the above features, the resulting eutectogel can be assembled as smart sensor for stable information transmission in air and underwater with fast response time (1 s), high sensitivity (Gauge factor = 1.991) and long-time reproducibility (500 cycles, 70 % strain). Considering the simple preparation and integration of multiple functions, the binary cooperative complementary principle can provide insights into the development of next-generation conductive soft materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxiao Chai
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry (Shandong University), Ministry of Education, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Lin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry (Shandong University), Ministry of Education, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yiran Chu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry (Shandong University), Ministry of Education, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Wenwen Li
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry (Shandong University), Ministry of Education, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yuzhen Qian
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry (Shandong University), Ministry of Education, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Jingcheng Hao
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry (Shandong University), Ministry of Education, Jinan 250100, China; Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Advanced Materials and Green Manufacturing, Yantai 264000, China.
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24
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Yu H, Zhao L, Wang L. Double‐network
PVA
/gelatin/borax hydrogels with self‐healing, strength, stretchable, stable, and transparent properties. J Appl Polym Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Huanyang Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Jilin Jianzhu University Changchun People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Jilin Jianzhu University Changchun People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Building Energy‐Saving Technology Engineering of Jilin Provincial, School of Materials Science and Engineering Jilin Jianzhu University Changchun People's Republic of China
| | - Liyan Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Jilin Jianzhu University Changchun People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Building Energy‐Saving Technology Engineering of Jilin Provincial, School of Materials Science and Engineering Jilin Jianzhu University Changchun People's Republic of China
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25
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Sun H, Dong Z, Kou X, Zhao Q, Shi L, Ma Y, Ma Y. Herbal molecule-mediated dual network hydrogels with adhesive and antibacterial properties for strain and pressure sensing. RSC Adv 2023; 13:5762-5769. [PMID: 36816084 PMCID: PMC9929617 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00546a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Multifunctional integration is the focus of hydrogel-based flexible sensors, and formation of a dual network (DN) could shed light on the fabrication of hydrogels with multifunctionality and enhanced properties. In this study, a DN hydrogel was fabricated by the self-assembly of herbal molecule glycyrrhizic acid (GA) as the first hydrogel network and subsequent photocrosslinking of methacrylated sodium alginate (SA-MA) to form the second network. Profiting from the good compatibility between the two hydrogel networks, the obtained DN hydrogels with a homogeneous porous microstructure were endowed with remarkably enlarged stretching (114.5%) and compression (74.4%) strains. In addition, they were demonstrated to display excellent bacteriostatic activity (>99.9%) against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus owing to the synergetic antibacterial effect of GA and SA-MA. The DN hydrogels as strain sensors possessed high sensitivity (GF = 1.39), linear sensing (R 2 > 0.99), rapid response (180 ms), and good stability (1300 times) for human motion detection. Besides, the DN hydrogels could also be used to conduct pressure sensing such as application of heavy weights and even human pulses. All results suggest that the developed DN hydrogels have great potential in serving as epidermal and implantable flexible sensors for human health monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Sun
- Key Laboratory of New Material Research Institute, Institute of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Jinan 250355 China
| | - Zhibin Dong
- Key Laboratory of New Material Research Institute, Institute of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Jinan 250355 China
| | - Xinyue Kou
- Key Laboratory of New Material Research Institute, Institute of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Jinan 250355 China
| | - Qiaoqiao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Faculty of Light Industry, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences)Jinan 250353China
| | - Lei Shi
- Key Laboratory of New Material Research Institute, Institute of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Jinan 250355 China
| | - Yuning Ma
- Key Laboratory of New Material Research Institute, Institute of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Jinan 250355 China
| | - Yuxia Ma
- Key Laboratory of New Material Research Institute, Institute of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Jinan 250355 China
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26
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Ma X, Maimaitiyiming X. Highly Stretchable, Self-Healing, and Low Temperature Resistant Double Network Hydrogel Ionic Conductor as Flexible Sensor and Quasi-Solid Electrolyte. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2200685. [PMID: 36398572 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
With the rapid development of flexible energy storage and wearable strain sensing, conductive hydrogels are attracting attention as electrolyte materials for flexible strain sensors and flexible supercapacitors due to their excellent flexibility and wetting properties. In this work, antifreezing hydrogels with high stretchability, adhesion, and conductivity are designed and prepared by introducing phosphoric acid solutions into polyacrylamide and chitosan systems. The multifunctional hydrogel samples prepared by this method can be used as both quasi-solid electrolytes and wearable strain sensors. The hydrogel-based supercapacitor shows a charge/discharge efficiency of 99.67% and a capacitance retention of 98.85% after 10 000 cycles charge/discharge tests at -30 °C. The tiny characteristic heartbeat wave forms are detected by the hydrogel as a flexible strain sensor. It is foreseeable that PCP multifunctional hydrogel can be a promising flexible material for a new generation of flexible sensors and flexible energy storage devices in a certain range of temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830046, PR China
| | - Xieraili Maimaitiyiming
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830046, PR China
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27
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Zhu T, Ni Y, Biesold GM, Cheng Y, Ge M, Li H, Huang J, Lin Z, Lai Y. Recent advances in conductive hydrogels: classifications, properties, and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:473-509. [PMID: 36484322 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00173j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogel-based conductive materials for smart wearable devices have attracted increasing attention due to their excellent flexibility, versatility, and outstanding biocompatibility. This review presents the recent advances in multifunctional conductive hydrogels for electronic devices. First, conductive hydrogels with different components are discussed, including pure single network hydrogels based on conductive polymers, single network hydrogels with additional conductive additives (i.e., nanoparticles, nanowires, and nanosheets), double network hydrogels based on conductive polymers, and double network hydrogels with additional conductive additives. Second, conductive hydrogels with a variety of functionalities, including self-healing, super toughness, self-growing, adhesive, anti-swelling, antibacterial, structural color, hydrophobic, anti-freezing, shape memory and external stimulus responsiveness are introduced in detail. Third, the applications of hydrogels in flexible devices are illustrated (i.e., strain sensors, supercapacitors, touch panels, triboelectric nanogenerator, bioelectronic devices, and robot). Next, the current challenges facing hydrogels are summarized. Finally, an imaginative but reasonable outlook is given, which aims to drive further development in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxue Zhu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China.
| | - Yimeng Ni
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China.
| | - Gill M Biesold
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Yan Cheng
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Tissue Repair Materials, Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P. R. China
| | - Mingzheng Ge
- School of Textile and Clothing, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, P. R. China
| | - Huaqiong Li
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Tissue Repair Materials, Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P. R. China
| | - Jianying Huang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China. .,Qingyuan Innovation Laboratory, Quanzhou 362801, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqun Lin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117585, Singapore.
| | - Yuekun Lai
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China. .,Qingyuan Innovation Laboratory, Quanzhou 362801, P. R. China
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28
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Si C, Tian X, Wang Y, Wang Z, Wang X, Lv D, Wang A, Wang F, Geng L, Zhao J, Hu R, Zhu Q. A Polyvinyl Alcohol-Tannic Acid Gel with Exceptional Mechanical Properties and Ultraviolet Resistance. Gels 2022; 8:751. [PMID: 36421573 PMCID: PMC9689605 DOI: 10.3390/gels8110751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Design and preparation of gels with excellent mechanical properties has garnered wide interest at present. In this paper, preparation of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-tannic acid (TA) gels with exceptional properties is documented. The crystallization zone and hydrogen bonding acted as physical crosslinkages fabricated by a combination of freeze-thaw treatment and a tannic acid compound. The effect of tannic acid on mechanical properties of prepared PVA-TA gels was investigated and analyzed. When the mass fraction of PVA was 20.0 wt% and soaking time was 12 h in tannic acid aqueous solution, tensile strength and the elongation at break of PVA-TA gel reached 5.97 MPa and 1450%, respectively. This PVA-TA gel was far superior to a pure 20.0 wt% PVA hydrogel treated only with the freeze-thaw process, as well as most previously reported PVA-TA gels. The toughness of a PVA-TA gel is about 14 times that of a pure PVA gel. In addition, transparent PVA-TA gels can effectively prevent ultraviolet-light-induced degradation. This study provides a novel strategy and reference for design and preparation of high-performance gels that are promising for practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunqing Si
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, China
| | - Xintong Tian
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, China
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, China
| | - Xinfang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, China
| | - Dongjun Lv
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, China
| | - Aili Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, China
| | - Fang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, China
| | - Longlong Geng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, China
| | - Ruofei Hu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, China
| | - Qingzeng Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
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29
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Li H, Li Y, Wang Y, Liu L, Dong H, Zhang C, Satoh T. Skin-friendly PVA/PDA/Tyr-PEAm composite hydrogel with long-term antibacterial and self-recovery ability for wearable strain / pressure sensor. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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30
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Zhou ZX, Hu W, Zhao Z, Fu H. Photochemically Driven Polymeric Biocompatible and Antimicrobial Thiol-Acrylate Nanocomposite Suitable for Dental Restoration. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:46313-46323. [PMID: 36194167 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c13592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The development a photochemically driven polymeric composite for dental restorative materials to restore tooth cavities with antibacterial, biocompatibility, and outstanding mechanical properties is an urgent need for clinical application in stomatology. Herein, a series of polyurethane acrylate (PUA) prepolymers and antibacterial polyurethane acrylate quaternary ammonium salts (PUAQASs) were synthesized, and their mechanical and biological properties were explored. The unique secondary mercaptan with a long shelf life and low odor was used to reduce oxygen inhibition and increase cross-linking density; meanwhile, modified photocurable nano zirconia (nano ZrO2) enhances mechanical properties of the nanocomposites and possesses preeminent dispersion in the matrix. The results show that minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of PUAQASs are 200 and 800 μg/mL for Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, respectively. The addition of secondary thiols significantly increases the photopolymerization rate and monomer conversion. The highest hardness and modulus reach 1.8 and 8.7 GPa compared to 1.8 and 8.3 GPa for commercial resin. The lap shear stress on the pig bone is 912 MPa, and that on commercial resin is 921 MPa. Most importantly, the photochemically driven polymeric composite has excellent biocompatibility and significantly better antimicrobial properties than commonly used commercial resins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Xi Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Product Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Product Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuowei Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Product Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Heqing Fu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Product Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong510640, People's Republic of China
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31
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Metal-coordinated amino acid hydrogels with ultra-stretchability, adhesion, and self-healing properties for wound healing. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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32
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Wong JHM, Tan RPT, Chang JJ, Ow V, Yew PYM, Chee PL, Kai D, Loh XJ, Xue K. Dynamic grafting of carboxylates onto poly(vinyl alcohol) polymers for supramolecularly-crosslinked hydrogel formation. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200628. [PMID: 35977910 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Supramolecular hydrogels have attracted considerable interest due to their unique stimuli-responsive and self-healing properties. However, these hydrogel systems are usually achieved by covalent grafting of supramolecular units onto the polymer backbone, which in turn limits their reprocessability. Herein, we prepared a supramolecular hydrogel system by forming dynamic covalent crosslinks between 4-carboxyphenylboronic acid (CPBA) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The system was then further crosslinked with either calcium ions or branched polyethylenimine (PEI) to generate hydrogels with distinctly different properties. Incorporation of calcium ions resulted in the formation of hydrogels with higher storage modulus of 7290 Pa but without self-healing properties. On the other hand, PEI-crosslinked hydrogel (PVA-CPBA-PEI) exhibited >2000% critical strain value, demonstrated high stability over 52 days and showed sustained antibacterial effect. A combination of supramolecular interactions and dynamic covalent crosslinks can be an alternate strategy to fabricate next generation hydrogel materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joey Hui Min Wong
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Soft Materials, SINGAPORE
| | | | - Jun Jie Chang
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Soft Materials, SINGAPORE
| | - Valerie Ow
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Soft Materials, SINGAPORE
| | | | - Pei Lin Chee
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Soft Materials, SINGAPORE
| | - Dan Kai
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Strategic Research Initiative, SINGAPORE
| | - Xian Jun Loh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Soft Materials, SINGAPORE
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33
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Wang H, Li X, Ji Y, Xu J, Ye Z, Wang S, Du X. Highly transparent, mechanical, and self-adhesive zwitterionic conductive hydrogels with polyurethane as a cross-linker for wireless strain sensors. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:2933-2943. [PMID: 35302157 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb00157h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Zwitterionic hydrogels have attracted a myriad of research interests for their excellent flexibility and biocompatibility as flexible wearable sensors. It is desired to create E-skins that integrate high mechanical strength, sensory sensitivity, and broad adhesion, possessing potential in the fields of intelligent robots and bionic prostheses. In this work, a novel macromolecular cross-linker (MPU) based on waterborne polyurethane (WPU) was designed and applied to synthesize multifunctional conductive hydrogels (PASU-Zn hydrogels). Importantly, in the presence of MPU, the hydrogels exhibited well-balanced mechanical properties (elongation at break 1193%, tensile strength 1.02 MPa, outstanding puncture resistance, and self-recovery abilities). When assembled as wireless strain sensors, PASU-Zn sensors displayed distinguished sensing characteristics to detect mechanotransduction signals of human movements in real-time. Specifically, owing to the dipole-dipole interaction and hydrogen bonding of zwitterions and MPU, the hydrogels have remarkable self-adhesion properties to various surfaces of wood, PDMS, and pigskin, allowing them to stick to skins by themselves without using any adhesive tapes when used. It is deemed that the as-designed zwitterionic hydrogels show great promise for wearable devices and bionic skins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Wang
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China. .,The Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyi Li
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China.
| | - Ying Ji
- Institute of Textiles and Clothing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Junhuai Xu
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China.
| | - Zhifan Ye
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China.
| | - Shuang Wang
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaosheng Du
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China.
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34
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Qi L, Zhang C, Wang B, Yin J, Yan S. Progress in hydrogels for skin wound repair. Macromol Biosci 2022; 22:e2100475. [PMID: 35388605 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
As the first defensive line between the human body and the outside world, the skin is vulnerable to damage from the external environment. Skin wounds can be divided into acute wounds (mechanical injuries, chemical injuries and surgical wounds, etc.) and chronic wounds (burns, infections, diabetes, etc.). In order to manage skin wound, a variety of wound dressings have been developed, including gauze, films, foams, nanofibers, hydrocolloids and hydrogels. Recently, hydrogels have received much attention because of their natural extracellular matrix (ECM)-mimik structure, tunable mechanical properties, and facile bioactive substance delivery capability. They show great potential application in skin wound repair. This paper first introduces the anatomy and function of the skin, the process of wound healing and conventional wound dressings, and then introduces the composition and construction methods of hydrogels. Next, this paper introduces the necessary properties of hydrogels in skin wound repair and the latest research progress of hydrogel dressings for skin wound repair. Finally, the future development goals of hydrogel materials in the field of wound healing are proposed. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangfa Qi
- Department of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, PR China
| | - Chenlu Zhang
- Department of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, PR China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, PR China
| | - Jingbo Yin
- Department of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, PR China
| | - Shifeng Yan
- Department of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, PR China
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35
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Peng X, Wang W, Yang W, Chen J, Peng Q, Wang T, Yang D, Wang J, Zhang H, Zeng H. Stretchable, compressible, and conductive hydrogel for sensitive wearable soft sensors. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 618:111-120. [PMID: 35338921 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Conductive hydrogels hold great promises in wearable soft electronics. However, the weak mechanical properties, low sensitivity and the absence of multifunctionalities (e.g., self-healing, self-adhesive, etc.) of the conventional conductive hydrogels limit their applications. Thus, developing multifunctional hydrogels may address some of these technical issues. In this work, a multifunctional conductive hydrogel strain sensor is fabricated by incorporating a conductive polymer Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT: PSS) into a mechanically robust poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/ poly (acrylic acid) (PAA) double network (DN) hydrogel. The as-prepared hydrogel sensor could span a wide spectrum of mechanical properties by simply tuning the polymer composition and the number of freezing-thawing cycles. In addition, the dynamic hydrogen bonding interactions endow the hydrogel sensor with self-healing property and reversible adhesiveness on diverse substrates. Moreover, the hydrogel sensor shows high sensitivity (Gauge Factor from 2.21 to 3.82) and can precisely detect some subtle human motions (e.g., pulse and vocal cord vibration). This work provides useful insights into the development of conductive hydrogel-based wearable soft electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuwen Peng
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Wenda Wang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Wenshuai Yang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Jingsi Chen
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Qiongyao Peng
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Diling Yang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Jianmei Wang
- Heavy Machinery Engineering Research Center of Education Ministry, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada.
| | - Hongbo Zeng
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada.
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36
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Zhang J, Zhang Q, Liu X, Xia S, Gao Y, Gao G. Flexible and wearable strain sensors based on conductive hydrogels. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Zhang
- Polymeric and Soft Materials Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Institute of Materials Science Changchun University of Technology Changchun China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Polymeric and Soft Materials Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Institute of Materials Science Changchun University of Technology Changchun China
| | - Xin Liu
- Polymeric and Soft Materials Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Institute of Materials Science Changchun University of Technology Changchun China
| | - Shan Xia
- Polymeric and Soft Materials Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Institute of Materials Science Changchun University of Technology Changchun China
| | - Yang Gao
- Polymeric and Soft Materials Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Institute of Materials Science Changchun University of Technology Changchun China
| | - Guanghui Gao
- Polymeric and Soft Materials Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Institute of Materials Science Changchun University of Technology Changchun China
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37
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Zhang X, Tang Y, Wang P, Wang Y, Wu T, Li T, Huang S, Zhang J, Wang H, Ma S, Wang L, Xu W. A review of recent advances in metal ion hydrogels: mechanism, properties and their biological applications. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj02843c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms, common properties and biological applications of different types of metal ion hydrogels are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Yuanhan Tang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Puying Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Tingting Wu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Tao Li
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Shuo Huang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Haili Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Songmei Ma
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- Department of Food Engineering, Shandong Business Institute, Yantai 264670, P. R. China
| | - Wenlong Xu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Province for High Performance Fibers and Their Composites, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
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