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Zhang W, Liu M, Ren J, Han S, Zhou X, Zhang D, Guo X, Feng H, Ye L, Feng S, Song X, Jin L, Wei Z. Magnetic Nanoparticles and Methylprednisolone Based Physico-Chemical Bifunctional Neural Stem Cells Delivery System for Spinal Cord Injury Repair. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2308993. [PMID: 38516757 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202308993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) transplantation is an attractive and promising treatment strategy for spinal cord injury (SCI). Various pathological processes including the severe inflammatory cascade and difficulty in stable proliferation and differentiation of NSCs limit its application and translation. Here, a novel physico-chemical bifunctional neural stem cells delivery system containing magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs and methylprednisolone (MP) is designed to repair SCI, the former regulates NSCs differentiation through magnetic mechanical stimulation in the chronic phase, while the latter alleviates inflammatory response in the acute phase. The delivery system releases MP to promote microglial M2 polarization, inhibit M1 polarization, and reduce neuronal apoptosis. Meanwhile, NSCs tend to differentiate into functional neurons with magnetic mechanical stimulation generated by MNPs in the static magnetic field, which is related to the activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. SCI mice achieve better functional recovery after receiving NSCs transplantation via physico-chemical bifunctional delivery system, which has milder inflammation, higher number of M2 microglia, more functional neurons, and axonal regeneration. Together, this bifunctional NSCs delivery system combined physical mechanical stimulation and chemical drug therapy is demonstrated to be effective, which provides new treatment insights into clinical transformation of SCI repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wencan Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University Centre for Orthopaedics, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, No. 107 Wenhua West Road, Lixia District, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Mingshan Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University Centre for Orthopaedics, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, No. 107 Wenhua West Road, Lixia District, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Jie Ren
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, No. 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Shuwei Han
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University Centre for Orthopaedics, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, No. 107 Wenhua West Road, Lixia District, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Xiaolong Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University Centre for Orthopaedics, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, No. 107 Wenhua West Road, Lixia District, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Dapeng Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University Centre for Orthopaedics, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, No. 107 Wenhua West Road, Lixia District, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Xianzheng Guo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University Centre for Orthopaedics, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, No. 107 Wenhua West Road, Lixia District, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Haiwen Feng
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, No. 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Lei Ye
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 44 Wenhua West Road, Lixia District, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Shiqing Feng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University Centre for Orthopaedics, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, No. 107 Wenhua West Road, Lixia District, Jinan, 250012, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, No. 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Xizi Song
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, No. 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Lin Jin
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biomedical Nanomaterials of Henan, Zhoukou Normal University, No. 6, Middle Section of Wenchang Avenue, Chuanhui District, Zhoukou, 466001, China
| | - Zhijian Wei
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University Centre for Orthopaedics, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, No. 107 Wenhua West Road, Lixia District, Jinan, 250012, China
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Guan W, Gao H, Liu Y, Sun S, Li G. Application of magnetism in tissue regeneration: recent progress and future prospects. Regen Biomater 2024; 11:rbae048. [PMID: 38939044 PMCID: PMC11208728 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbae048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Tissue regeneration is a hot topic in the field of biomedical research in this century. Material composition, surface topology, light, ultrasonic, electric field and magnetic fields (MFs) all have important effects on the regeneration process. Among them, MFs can provide nearly non-invasive signal transmission within biological tissues, and magnetic materials can convert MFs into a series of signals related to biological processes, such as mechanical force, magnetic heat, drug release, etc. By adjusting the MFs and magnetic materials, desired cellular or molecular-level responses can be achieved to promote better tissue regeneration. This review summarizes the definition, classification and latest progress of MFs and magnetic materials in tissue engineering. It also explores the differences and potential applications of MFs in different tissue cells, aiming to connect the applications of magnetism in various subfields of tissue engineering and provide new insights for the use of magnetism in tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Guan
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Hongxia Gao
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Yaqiong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Shaolan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Guicai Li
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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Chen S, Wang L, Yang L, Rana AS, He C. Engineering Biomimetic Microenvironment for Organoid. Macromol Biosci 2023; 23:e2300223. [PMID: 37531622 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Organoid is an emerging frontier technology in the field of life science, in which pluripotent stem cells or tissue-derived differentiated/progenitor cells form 3D structures according to their multi-directional differentiation potential and self-assembly ability. Nowadays, although various types of organoids are widely investigated, their construction is still complicated in operation, uncertain in yield, and poor in reproducibility for the structure and function of native organs. Constructing a biomimetic microenvironment for stem cell proliferation and differentiation in vitro is recognized as a key to driving this field. This review reviews the recent development of engineered biomimetic microenvironments for organoids. First, the composition of the matrix for organoid culture is summarized. Then, strategies for engineering the microenvironment from biophysical, biochemical, and cellular perspectives are discussed in detail. Subsequently, the newly developed monitoring technologies are also reviewed. Finally, a brief conclusion and outlook are presented for the inspiration of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Lei Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Abdus Samad Rana
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Chuanglong He
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
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Kim H, Lee YJ, Kwon Y, Kim J. Efficient generation of brain organoids using magnetized gold nanoparticles. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21240. [PMID: 38040919 PMCID: PMC10692130 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48655-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain organoids, which are three-dimensional cell culture models, have the ability to mimic certain structural and functional aspects of the human brain. However, creating these organoids can be a complicated and difficult process due to various technological hurdles. This study presents a method for effectively generating cerebral organoids from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) using electromagnetic gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). By exposing mature cerebral organoids to magnetized AuNPs, we were able to cultivate them in less than 3 weeks. The initial differentiation and neural induction of the neurosphere occurred within the first week, followed by maturation, including regional patterning and the formation of complex networks, during the subsequent 2 weeks under the influence of magnetized AuNPs. Furthermore, we observed a significant enhancement in neurogenic maturation in the brain organoids, as evidenced by increased histone acetylation in the presence of electromagnetic AuNPs. Consequently, electromagnetic AuNPs offer a promising in vitro system for efficiently generating more advanced human brain organoids that closely resemble the complexity of the human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwon Kim
- Laboratory of Stem Cells & Gene Editing, Department of Chemistry, Dongguk University, Pildong-Ro 1-Gil 30, Jung-Gu, Seoul, 04620, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Yoo-Jung Lee
- Laboratory of Stem Cells & Gene Editing, Department of Chemistry, Dongguk University, Pildong-Ro 1-Gil 30, Jung-Gu, Seoul, 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngeun Kwon
- Laboratory of Protein Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul, 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongpil Kim
- Laboratory of Stem Cells & Gene Editing, Department of Chemistry, Dongguk University, Pildong-Ro 1-Gil 30, Jung-Gu, Seoul, 04620, Republic of Korea.
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Mostarac D, Novak EV, Kantorovich SS. Relating the length of a magnetic filament with solvophobic, superparamagnetic colloids to its properties in applied magnetic fields. Phys Rev E 2023; 108:054601. [PMID: 38115450 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.108.054601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
The idea of creating polymer-like structures by crosslinking magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) opened an alternative perspective on controlling the rheological properties of magnetoresponsive systems, because unlike suspensions of self-assembled MNPs, whose cluster sizes are sensitive to temperature, magnetic filaments (MFs) preserve their initial topology. Considering the length scales characteristic of single-domain nanoparticles used to create MFs, the MNPs can be both ferro- and superparamagnetic. Moreover, steric or electrostatic stabilization might not fully screen van der Waals interactions. In this paper, using coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations, we investigate the influence of susceptibility of superparamagnetic MNPs-their number and central attraction forces between them-on the polymeric, structural, and magnetic properties of MFs with varied backbone rigidity. We find that, due to the general tendency of MFs with superparamagnetic monomers to bend, reinforced for colloids with a high susceptibility, properties of MFs vary greatly with chain length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Mostarac
- Computational and Soft Matter Physics, University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ekaterina V Novak
- Department of Theoretical and Mathematical Physics, Ural Federal University, 620000, Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Sofia S Kantorovich
- Computational and Soft Matter Physics, University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria and Research Platform Mathematics-Magnetism-Materials, University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
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Zhang Q, Zhou W, Yang F, Shi J. Sericin nano-gel agglomerates mimicking the pericellular matrix induce the condensation of mesenchymal stem cells and trigger cartilage micro-tissue formation without exogenous stimulation of growth factors in vitro. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:6480-6491. [PMID: 37671745 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm00501a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are excellent seed cells for cartilage tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Though the condensation of MSCs is the first step of their differentiation into chondrocytes in skeletal development, the process is a challenge in cartilage repairing by MSCs. The pericellular matrix (PCM), a distinct region surrounding the chondrocytes, acts as an extracellular linker among cells and forms the microenvironment of chondrocytes. Inspired by this, sericin nano-gel soft-agglomerates were prepared and used as linkers to induce MSCs to assemble into micro-spheres and differentiate into cartilage-like micro-tissues without exogenous stimulation of growth factors. These sericin nano-gel soft-agglomerates are composed of sericin nano-gels prepared by the chelation of metal ions and sericin protein. The MSCs cultured on 2D culture plates self-assembled into cell-microspheres centered by sericin nano-gel agglomerates. The self-assembly progress of MSCs is superior to the traditional centrifugation to achieve MSC condensation due to its facility, friendliness to MSCs and avoidance of the side-effects of growth factors. The analysis of transcriptomic results suggested that sericin nano-gel agglomerates offered a soft mechanical stimulation to MSCs similar to that of the PCM to chondrocytes and triggered some signaling pathways as associated with MSC chondrogenesis. The strategy of utilizing biomaterials to mimic the PCM as a linker and as a mechanical micro-environment and to induce cell aggregation and trigger the differentiation of MSCs can be employed to drive 3D cellular organization and micro-tissue fabrication in vitro. These cartilage micro-masses reported in this study can be potential candidates for cartilage repairing, cellular building blocks for 3D bio-printing and a model for cartilage development and drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhang
- College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Futing Yang
- College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Jifeng Shi
- College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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Extracellular magnetic labeling of biomimetic hydrogel-induced human mesenchymal stem cell spheroids with ferumoxytol for MRI tracking. Bioact Mater 2023; 19:418-428. [PMID: 35574059 PMCID: PMC9079175 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Labeling of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) has emerged as a potential method for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) tracking of transplanted cells in tissue repair studies and clinical trials. Labeling of MSCs using clinically approved SPIONs (ferumoxytol) requires the use of transfection reagents or magnetic field, which largely limits their clinical application. To overcome this obstacle, we established a novel and highly effective method for magnetic labeling of MSC spheroids using ferumoxytol. Unlike conventional methods, ferumoxytol labeling was done in the formation of a mechanically tunable biomimetic hydrogel-induced MSC spheroids. Moreover, the labeled MSC spheroids exhibited strong MRI T2 signals and good biosafety. Strikingly, the encapsulated ferumoxytol was localized in the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the spheroids instead of the cytoplasm, minimizing the cytotoxicity of ferumoxytol and maintaining the viability and stemness properties of biomimetic hydrogel-induced MSC spheroids. This demonstrates the potential of this method for post-transplantation MRI tracking in the clinic. An extracellular magnetic labeling method was developed for MSC spheroids using ferumoxytol. Ferumoxytol encapsulated into abundant ECM proteins network of MSC spheroids ensured this method is stable and durable. Uniformly sized magnetic spheroids induced by mechanically tunable biomimetic hydrogels promoted MSCs stemness properties. Magnetically labeled MSC spheroids exhibited superior MRI imaging both in vitro and in vivo.
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Abstract
Oral and maxillofacial organoids, as three-dimensional study models of organs, have attracted increasing attention in tissue regeneration and disease modeling. However, traditional strategies for organoid construction still fail to precisely recapitulate the key characteristics of real organs, due to the difficulty in controlling the self-organization of cells in vitro. This review aims to summarize the recent progress of novel approaches to engineering oral and maxillofacial organoids. First, we introduced the necessary components and their roles in forming oral and maxillofacial organoids. Besides, we discussed cutting-edge technology in advancing the architecture and function of organoids, especially focusing on oral and maxillofacial tissue regeneration via novel strategy with designed cell-signal scaffold compounds. Finally, current limitations and future prospects of oral and maxillofacial organoids were represented to provide guidance for further disciplinary progression and clinical application to achieve organ regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Department of Implantology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Yao Sun
- Department of Implantology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai 200040, China,Corresponding author
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Mostarac D, Kantorovich SS. Rheology of a Nanopolymer Synthesized through Directional Assembly of DNA Nanochambers, for Magnetic Applications. Macromolecules 2022; 55:6462-6473. [PMID: 35966117 PMCID: PMC9367010 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
We present a numerical study of the effects of monomer
shape and
magnetic nature of colloids on the behavior of a single magnetic filament
subjected to the simultaneous action of shear flow and a stationary
external magnetic field perpendicular to the flow. We find that based
on the magnetic nature of monomers, magnetic filaments exhibit a completely
different phenomenology. Applying an external magnetic field strongly
inhibits tumbling only for filaments with ferromagnetic monomers.
Filament orientation with respect to the flow direction is in this
case independent of monomer shape. In contrast, reorientational dynamics
in filaments with superparamagnetic monomers are not inhibited by
applied magnetic fields, but enhanced. We find that the filaments
with spherical, superparamagnetic monomers, depending on the flow
and external magnetic field strength, assume semipersistent, collapsed,
coiled conformations, and their characteristic time of tumbling is
a function of field strength. However, external magnetic fields do
not affect the characteristic time of tumbling for filaments with
cubic, superparamagnetic monomers, but increase how often tumbling
occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Mostarac
- Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Research Platform MMM Mathematics-Magnetism-Materials, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sofia S. Kantorovich
- Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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Idumah CI. Recently Emerging Trends in Magnetic Polymer Hydrogel Nanoarchitectures. POLYM-PLAST TECH MAT 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/25740881.2022.2033769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Igwe Idumah
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
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Mary G, Mazuel F, Nier V, Fage F, Nagle I, Devaud L, Bacri JC, Asnacios S, Asnacios A, Gay C, Marcq P, Wilhelm C, Reffay M. All-in-one rheometry and nonlinear rheology of multicellular aggregates. Phys Rev E 2022; 105:054407. [PMID: 35706238 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.105.054407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Tissues are generally subjected to external stresses, a potential stimulus for their differentiation or remodeling. While single-cell rheology has been extensively studied leading to controversial results about nonlinear response, mechanical tissue behavior under external stress is still poorly understood, in particular, the way individual cell properties translate at the tissue level. Herein, using magnetic cells we were able to form perfectly monitored cellular aggregates (magnetic molding) and to deform them under controlled applied stresses over a wide range of timescales and amplitudes (magnetic rheometer). We explore the rheology of these minimal tissue models using both standard assays (creep and oscillatory response) as well as an innovative broad spectrum solicitation coupled with inference analysis thus being able to determine in a single experiment the best rheological model. We find that multicellular aggregates exhibit a power-law response with nonlinearities leading to tissue stiffening at high stress. Moreover, we reveal the contribution of intracellular (actin network) and intercellular components (cell-cell adhesions) in this aggregate rheology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaëtan Mary
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, UMR 7057, CNRS and Université de Paris Cité, 75205 Paris cedex 13, France
| | - François Mazuel
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, UMR 7057, CNRS and Université de Paris Cité, 75205 Paris cedex 13, France
| | - Vincent Nier
- Laboratoire Physico Chimie Curie, UMR 168, CNRS, Institut Curie, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Florian Fage
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, UMR 7057, CNRS and Université de Paris Cité, 75205 Paris cedex 13, France
| | - Irène Nagle
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, UMR 7057, CNRS and Université de Paris Cité, 75205 Paris cedex 13, France
| | - Louisiane Devaud
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, UMR 7057, CNRS and Université de Paris Cité, 75205 Paris cedex 13, France
| | - Jean-Claude Bacri
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, UMR 7057, CNRS and Université de Paris Cité, 75205 Paris cedex 13, France
| | - Sophie Asnacios
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, UMR 7057, CNRS and Université de Paris Cité, 75205 Paris cedex 13, France
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, UFR 925 Physics, Sorbonne Université, Paris France
| | - Atef Asnacios
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, UMR 7057, CNRS and Université de Paris Cité, 75205 Paris cedex 13, France
| | - Cyprien Gay
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, UMR 7057, CNRS and Université de Paris Cité, 75205 Paris cedex 13, France
| | - Philippe Marcq
- Laboratoire Physico Chimie Curie, UMR 168, CNRS, Institut Curie, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, UFR 925 Physics, Sorbonne Université, Paris France
- Laboratoire Physique et Mécanique des Matériaux Hétérogènes, CNRS, ESPCI Paris, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris Cité, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Claire Wilhelm
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, UMR 7057, CNRS and Université de Paris Cité, 75205 Paris cedex 13, France
- Laboratoire Physico Chimie Curie, UMR 168, CNRS, Institut Curie, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Myriam Reffay
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, UMR 7057, CNRS and Université de Paris Cité, 75205 Paris cedex 13, France
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Kotakadi SM, Borelli DPR, Nannepaga JS. Therapeutic Applications of Magnetotactic Bacteria and Magnetosomes: A Review Emphasizing on the Cancer Treatment. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:789016. [PMID: 35547173 PMCID: PMC9081342 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.789016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) are aquatic microorganisms have the ability to biomineralize magnetosomes, which are membrane-enclosed magnetic nanoparticles. Magnetosomes are organized in a chain inside the MTB, allowing them to align with and traverse along the earth’s magnetic field. Magnetosomes have several potential applications for targeted cancer therapy when isolated from the MTB, including magnetic hyperthermia, localized medication delivery, and tumour monitoring. Magnetosomes features and properties for various applications outperform manufactured magnetic nanoparticles in several ways. Similarly, the entire MTB can be regarded as prospective agents for cancer treatment, thanks to their flagella’s ability to self-propel and the magnetosome chain’s ability to guide them. MTBs are conceptualized as nanobiots that can be guided and manipulated by external magnetic fields and are driven to hypoxic areas, such as tumor sites, while retaining the therapeutic and imaging characteristics of isolated magnetosomes. Furthermore, unlike most bacteria now being studied in clinical trials for cancer treatment, MTB are not pathogenic but might be modified to deliver and express certain cytotoxic chemicals. This review will assess the current and prospects of this burgeoning research field and the major obstacles that must be overcome before MTB can be successfully used in clinical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Manogna Kotakadi
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Padmavati Mahila Visvavidyalayam, Tirupati, India
| | | | - John Sushma Nannepaga
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Padmavati Mahila Visvavidyalayam, Tirupati, India
- *Correspondence: John Sushma Nannepaga, , orcid.org/0000-0002-8739-9936
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Spatial Manipulation of Particles and Cells at Micro- and Nanoscale via Magnetic Forces. Cells 2022; 11:cells11060950. [PMID: 35326401 PMCID: PMC8946034 DOI: 10.3390/cells11060950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The importance of magnetic micro- and nanoparticles for applications in biomedical technology is widely recognised. Many of these applications, including tissue engineering, cell sorting, biosensors, drug delivery, and lab-on-chip devices, require remote manipulation of magnetic objects. High-gradient magnetic fields generated by micromagnets in the range of 103–105 T/m are sufficient for magnetic forces to overcome other forces caused by viscosity, gravity, and thermal fluctuations. In this paper, various magnetic systems capable of generating magnetic fields with required spatial gradients are analysed. Starting from simple systems of individual magnets and methods of field computation, more advanced magnetic microarrays obtained by lithography patterning of permanent magnets are introduced. More flexible field configurations can be formed with the use of soft magnetic materials magnetised by an external field, which allows control over both temporal and spatial field distributions. As an example, soft magnetic microwires are considered. A very attractive method of field generation is utilising tuneable domain configurations. In this review, we discuss the force requirements and constraints for different areas of application, emphasising the current challenges and how to overcome them.
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Xu Y, Dai J, Zhu X, Cao R, Song N, Liu M, Liu X, Zhu J, Pan F, Qin L, Jiang G, Wang H, Yang Y. Biomimetic Trachea Engineering via a Modular Ring Strategy Based on Bone-Marrow Stem Cells and Atelocollagen for Use in Extensive Tracheal Reconstruction. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2106755. [PMID: 34741771 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202106755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The fabrication of biomimetic tracheas with a architecture of cartilaginous rings alternately interspersed between vascularized fibrous tissue (CRVFT) has the potential to perfectly recapitulate the normal tracheal structure and function. Herein, the development of a customized chondroitin-sulfate-incorporating type-II atelocollagen (COL II/CS) scaffold with excellent chondrogenic capacity and a type-I atelocollagen (COL I) scaffold to facilitate the formation of vascularized fibrous tissue is described. An efficient modular ring strategy is then adopted to develop a CRVFT-based biomimetic trachea. The in vitro engineering of cartilaginous rings is achieved via the recellularization of ring-shaped COL II/CS scaffolds using bone marrow stem cells as a mimetic for native cartilaginous ring tissue. A CRVFT-based trachea with biomimetic mechanical properties, composed of bionic biochemical components, is additionally successfully generated in vivo via the alternating stacking of cartilaginous rings and ring-shaped COL I scaffolds on a silicone pipe. The resultant biomimetic trachea with pedicled muscular flaps is used for extensive tracheal reconstruction and exhibits satisfactory therapeutic outcomes with structural and functional properties similar to those of native trachea. This is the first study to utilize stem cells for long-segmental tracheal cartilaginous regeneration and this represents a promising method for extensive tracheal reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jie Dai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xinsheng Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Runfeng Cao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Nan Song
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xiaogang Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Junjie Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Feng Pan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Linlin Qin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Gening Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Haifeng Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200433, China
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15
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From Spheroids to Organoids: The Next Generation of Model Systems of Human Cardiac Regeneration in a Dish. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413180. [PMID: 34947977 PMCID: PMC8708686 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Organoids are tiny, self-organized, three-dimensional tissue cultures that are derived from the differentiation of stem cells. The growing interest in the use of organoids arises from their ability to mimic the biology and physiology of specific tissue structures in vitro. Organoids indeed represent promising systems for the in vitro modeling of tissue morphogenesis and organogenesis, regenerative medicine and tissue engineering, drug therapy testing, toxicology screening, and disease modeling. Although 2D cell cultures have been used for more than 50 years, even for their simplicity and low-cost maintenance, recent years have witnessed a steep rise in the availability of organoid model systems. Exploiting the ability of cells to re-aggregate and reconstruct the original architecture of an organ makes it possible to overcome many limitations of 2D cell culture systems. In vitro replication of the cellular micro-environment of a specific tissue leads to reproducing the molecular, biochemical, and biomechanical mechanisms that directly influence cell behavior and fate within that specific tissue. Lineage-specific self-organizing organoids have now been generated for many organs. Currently, growing cardiac organoid (cardioids) from pluripotent stem cells and cardiac stem/progenitor cells remains an open challenge due to the complexity of the spreading, differentiation, and migration of cardiac muscle and vascular layers. Here, we summarize the evolution of biological model systems from the generation of 2D spheroids to 3D organoids by focusing on the generation of cardioids based on the currently available laboratory technologies and outline their high potential for cardiovascular research.
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16
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Koudan EV, Zharkov MN, Gerasimov MV, Karshieva SS, Shirshova AD, Chrishtop VV, Kasyanov VA, Levin AA, Parfenov VA, Karalkin PA, Pereira FDAS, Petrov SV, Pyataev NA, Khesuani YD, Mironov VA, Sukhorukov GB. Magnetic Patterning of Tissue Spheroids Using Polymer Microcapsules Containing Iron Oxide Nanoparticles. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:5206-5214. [PMID: 34610738 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c00805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic tissue engineering is one of the rapidly emerging and promising directions of tissue engineering and biofabrication where the magnetic field is employed as temporal removal support or scaffold. Iron oxide nanoparticles are used to label living cells and provide the desired magnetic properties. Recently, polymer microcapsules loaded with iron oxide nanoparticles have been proposed as a novel approach to designing magnetic materials with high local concentrations. These microcapsules can be readily internalized and retained intracellularly for a long time in various types of cells. The low cytotoxicity of these microcapsules was previously shown in 2D cell culture. This paper has demonstrated that cells containing these nontoxic nanomaterials can form viable 3D tissue spheroids for the first time. The spheroids retained labeled fluorescent microcapsules with magnetic nanoparticles without a detectable cytotoxic effect. The high concentration of packed nanoparticles inside the microcapsules enables the evident magnetic properties of the labeled spheroids to be maintained. Finally, magnetic spheroids can be effectively used for magnetic patterning and biofabrication of tissue-engineering constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizaveta V Koudan
- Laboratory for Biotechnological Research "3D Bioprinting Solutions", Kashirskoe Highway 68-2, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - Mikhail N Zharkov
- National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University, Bolshevistskaya Str. 68-1, Saransk 430005, Russia
| | - Mikhail V Gerasimov
- National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University, Bolshevistskaya Str. 68-1, Saransk 430005, Russia
| | - Saida Sh Karshieva
- Laboratory for Biotechnological Research "3D Bioprinting Solutions", Kashirskoe Highway 68-2, Moscow 115409, Russia.,Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology of the Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Kashirskoe Highway 23, Moscow 115478, Russia
| | | | - Vladimir V Chrishtop
- SCAMT Institute, ITMO University, Lomonosova Str. 9, Saint Petersburg 191002, Russia
| | | | - Aleksandr A Levin
- Laboratory for Biotechnological Research "3D Bioprinting Solutions", Kashirskoe Highway 68-2, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - Vladislav A Parfenov
- Laboratory for Biotechnological Research "3D Bioprinting Solutions", Kashirskoe Highway 68-2, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - Pavel A Karalkin
- Laboratory for Biotechnological Research "3D Bioprinting Solutions", Kashirskoe Highway 68-2, Moscow 115409, Russia.,I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Bolshaya Pirogovskaya Str. 2-4, Moscow 119991, Russia.,P. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute, National Medical Research Radiological Centre, 2 Botkinskiy proezd 3, Moscow 125284, Russia
| | - Frederico D A S Pereira
- Laboratory for Biotechnological Research "3D Bioprinting Solutions", Kashirskoe Highway 68-2, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - Stanislav V Petrov
- Laboratory for Biotechnological Research "3D Bioprinting Solutions", Kashirskoe Highway 68-2, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - Nikolay A Pyataev
- National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University, Bolshevistskaya Str. 68-1, Saransk 430005, Russia
| | - Yusef D Khesuani
- Laboratory for Biotechnological Research "3D Bioprinting Solutions", Kashirskoe Highway 68-2, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - Vladimir A Mironov
- Laboratory for Biotechnological Research "3D Bioprinting Solutions", Kashirskoe Highway 68-2, Moscow 115409, Russia.,I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Bolshaya Pirogovskaya Str. 2-4, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Gleb B Sukhorukov
- School of Engineering and Material Science, Queen Mary University of London,Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom.,Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, Moscow 121205, Russia
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17
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Zhuang P, Chiang YH, Fernanda MS, He M. Using Spheroids as Building Blocks Towards 3D Bioprinting of Tumor Microenvironment. Int J Bioprint 2021; 7:444. [PMID: 34805601 PMCID: PMC8600307 DOI: 10.18063/ijb.v7i4.444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer still ranks as a leading cause of mortality worldwide. Although considerable efforts have been dedicated to anticancer therapeutics, progress is still slow, partially due to the absence of robust prediction models. Multicellular tumor spheroids, as a major three-dimensional (3D) culture model exhibiting features of avascular tumors, gained great popularity in pathophysiological studies and high throughput drug screening. However, limited control over cellular and structural organization is still the key challenge in achieving in vivo like tissue microenvironment. 3D bioprinting has made great strides toward tissue/organ mimicry, due to its outstanding spatial control through combining both cells and materials, scalability, and reproducibility. Prospectively, harnessing the power from both 3D bioprinting and multicellular spheroids would likely generate more faithful tumor models and advance our understanding on the mechanism of tumor progression. In this review, the emerging concept on using spheroids as a building block in 3D bioprinting for tumor modeling is illustrated. We begin by describing the context of the tumor microenvironment, followed by an introduction of various methodologies for tumor spheroid formation, with their specific merits and drawbacks. Thereafter, we present an overview of existing 3D printed tumor models using spheroids as a focus. We provide a compilation of the contemporary literature sources and summarize the overall advancements in technology and possibilities of using spheroids as building blocks in 3D printed tissue modeling, with a particular emphasis on tumor models. Future outlooks about the wonderous advancements of integrated 3D spheroidal printing conclude this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Zhuang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32610, USA
| | - Yi-Hua Chiang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32610, USA
| | | | - Mei He
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32610, USA
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18
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Lew WZ, Feng SW, Lee SY, Huang HM. The Review of Bioeffects of Static Magnetic Fields on the Oral Tissue-Derived Cells and Its Application in Regenerative Medicine. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102662. [PMID: 34685642 PMCID: PMC8534790 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnets have been widely used in dentistry for orthodontic tooth movement and denture retention. Nevertheless, criticisms have arisen regarding the biosafety of static magnetic field (SMF) effects on surrounding tissues. Various controversial pieces of evidence have been discussed regarding SMFs on cellular biophysics, but little consensus has been reached, especially in the field of dentistry. Thus, the present paper will first review the safe use of SMFs in the oral cavity and as an additive therapy to orthodontic tooth movement and periodontium regeneration. Then, studies regarding SMF-incorporated implants are reviewed to investigate the advantageous effects of SMFs on osseointegration and the underlying mechanisms. Finally, a review of current developments in dentistry surrounding the combination of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and SMFs is made to clarify potential future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Zhen Lew
- School of Dentistry, Collage of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (W.-Z.L.); (S.-W.F.); (S.-Y.L.)
| | - Sheng-Wei Feng
- School of Dentistry, Collage of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (W.-Z.L.); (S.-W.F.); (S.-Y.L.)
- Department of Dentistry, Division of Prosthodontics, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Yang Lee
- School of Dentistry, Collage of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (W.-Z.L.); (S.-W.F.); (S.-Y.L.)
| | - Haw-Ming Huang
- School of Dentistry, Collage of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (W.-Z.L.); (S.-W.F.); (S.-Y.L.)
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Optomechatronics, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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19
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Abstract
Cell-based therapy is a promising approach in the field of regenerative medicine. As cells are formed into spheroids, their survival, functions, and engraftment in the transplanted site are significantly improved compared to single cell transplantation. To improve the therapeutic effect of cell spheroids even further, various biomaterials (e.g., nano- or microparticles, fibers, and hydrogels) have been developed for spheroid engineering. These biomaterials not only can control the overall spheroid formation (e.g., size, shape, aggregation speed, and degree of compaction), but also can regulate cell-to-cell and cell-to-matrix interactions in spheroids. Therefore, cell spheroids in synergy with biomaterials have recently emerged for cell-based regenerative therapy. Biomaterials-assisted spheroid engineering has been extensively studied for regeneration of bone or/and cartilage defects, critical limb ischemia, and myocardial infarction. Furthermore, it has been expanded to pancreas islets and hair follicle transplantation. This paper comprehensively reviews biomaterials-assisted spheroid engineering for regenerative therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na-Hyun Lee
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
| | - Oyunchimeg Bayaraa
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
| | - Zhou Zechu
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
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20
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Lee NH, Bayaraa O, Zechu Z, Kim HS. Biomaterials-assisted spheroid engineering for regenerative therapy. BMB Rep 2021; 54:356-367. [PMID: 34154700 PMCID: PMC8328824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Cell-based therapy is a promising approach in the field of regenerative medicine. As cells are formed into spheroids, their survival, functions, and engraftment in the transplanted site are significantly improved compared to single cell transplantation. To improve the therapeutic effect of cell spheroids even further, various biomaterials (e.g., nano- or microparticles, fibers, and hydrogels) have been developed for spheroid engineering. These biomaterials not only can control the overall spheroid formation (e.g., size, shape, aggregation speed, and degree of compaction), but also can regulate cell-to-cell and cell-to-matrix interactions in spheroids. Therefore, cell spheroids in synergy with biomaterials have recently emerged for cell-based regenerative therapy. Biomaterials-assisted spheroid engineering has been extensively studied for regeneration of bone or/and cartilage defects, critical limb ischemia, and myocardial infarction. Furthermore, it has been expanded to pancreas islets and hair follicle transplantation. This paper comprehensively reviews biomaterials-assisted spheroid engineering for regenerative therapy. [BMB Reports 2021; 54(7): 356-367].
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Affiliation(s)
- Na-Hyun Lee
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
| | - Oyunchimeg Bayaraa
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
| | - Zhou Zechu
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
| | - Hye Sung Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
- Department of Regenerative Dental Medicine, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
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21
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Buss MT, Ramesh P, English MA, Lee-Gosselin A, Shapiro MG. Spatial Control of Probiotic Bacteria in the Gastrointestinal Tract Assisted by Magnetic Particles. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2007473. [PMID: 33709508 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202007473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Engineered probiotics have the potential to diagnose and treat a variety of gastrointestinal (GI) diseases. However, these exogenous bacterial agents have limited ability to effectively colonize specific regions of the GI tract due to a lack of external control over their localization and persistence. Magnetic fields are well suited to providing such control, since they freely penetrate biological tissues. However, they are difficult to apply with sufficient strength to directly manipulate magnetically labeled cells in deep tissue such as the GI tract. Here, it is demonstrated that a composite biomagnetic material consisting of microscale magnetic particles and probiotic bacteria, when orally administered and combined with an externally applied magnetic field, enables the trapping and retention of probiotic bacteria within the GI tract of mice. This technology improves the ability of these probiotic agents to accumulate at specific locations and stably colonize without antibiotic treatment. By enhancing the ability of GI-targeted probiotics to be at the right place at the right time, cellular localization assisted by magnetic particles (CLAMP) adds external physical control to an important emerging class of microbial theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjorie T Buss
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Pradeep Ramesh
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Max Atticus English
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Audrey Lee-Gosselin
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Mikhail G Shapiro
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
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22
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Abstract
Organoids are in vitro miniaturized and simplified model systems of organs that have gained enormous interest for modelling tissue development and disease, and for personalized medicine, drug screening and cell therapy. Despite considerable success in culturing physiologically relevant organoids, challenges remain to achieve real-life applications. In particular, the high variability of self-organizing growth and restricted experimental and analytical access hamper the translatability of organoid systems. In this Review, we argue that many limitations of traditional organoid culture can be addressed by engineering approaches at all levels of organoid systems. We investigate cell surface and genetic engineering approaches, and discuss stem cell niche engineering based on the design of matrices that allow spatiotemporal control of organoid growth and shape-guided morphogenesis. We examine how microfluidic approaches and lessons learnt from organs-on-a-chip enable the integration of mechano-physiological parameters and increase accessibility of organoids to improve functional readouts. Applying engineering principles to organoids increases reproducibility and provides experimental control, which will, ultimately, be required to enable clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Hofer
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Bioengineering, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences (SV) and School of Engineering (STI), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Matthias P. Lutolf
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Bioengineering, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences (SV) and School of Engineering (STI), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, School of Basic Science (SB), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
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23
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Kim SJ, Kim EM, Yamamoto M, Park H, Shin H. Engineering Multi-Cellular Spheroids for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e2000608. [PMID: 32734719 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202000608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Multi-cellular spheroids are formed as a 3D structure with dense cell-cell/cell-extracellular matrix interactions, and thus, have been widely utilized as implantable therapeutics and various ex vivo tissue models in tissue engineering. In principle, spheroid culture methods maximize cell-cell cohesion and induce spontaneous cellular assembly while minimizing cellular interactions with substrates by using physical forces such as gravitational or centrifugal forces, protein-repellant biomaterials, and micro-structured surfaces. In addition, biofunctional materials including magnetic nanoparticles, polymer microspheres, and nanofiber particles are combined with cells to harvest composite spheroids, to accelerate spheroid formation, to increase the mechanical properties and viability of spheroids, and to direct differentiation of stem cells into desirable cell types. Biocompatible hydrogels are developed to produce microgels for the fabrication of size-controlled spheroids with high efficiency. Recently, spheroids have been further engineered to fabricate structurally and functionally reliable in vitro artificial 3D tissues of the desired shape with enhanced specific biological functions. This paper reviews the overall characteristics of spheroids and general/advanced spheroid culture techniques. Significant roles of functional biomaterials in advanced spheroid engineering with emphasis on the use of spheroids in the reconstruction of artificial 3D tissue for tissue engineering are also thoroughly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se-Jeong Kim
- Department of Bioengineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimri-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
- BK21 Plus Future Biopharmaceutical Human Resources Training and Research Team, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimri-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Mi Kim
- Department of Bioengineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimri-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
- BK21 Plus Future Biopharmaceutical Human Resources Training and Research Team, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimri-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Masaya Yamamoto
- Department of Materials Processing, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-02 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan
- Biomedical Engineering for Diagnosis and Treatment, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-02 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan
| | - Hansoo Park
- School of Integrative Engineering, College of Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Heungsoo Shin
- Department of Bioengineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimri-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
- BK21 Plus Future Biopharmaceutical Human Resources Training and Research Team, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimri-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Nano Science & Technology (INST), Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimri-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
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24
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Perez JE, Nagle I, Wilhelm C. Magnetic molding of tumor spheroids: emerging model for cancer screening. Biofabrication 2020; 13. [PMID: 33126227 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/abc670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional tissue culture, and particularly spheroid models, have recently been recognized as highly relevant in drug screening, toxicity assessment and tissue engineering due to their superior complexity and heterogeneity akin to the in vivo microenvironment. However, limitations in size control, shape reproducibility and long maturation times hinder their full applicability. Here, we report a spheroid formation technique based on the magnetic aggregation of cells with internalized magnetic nanoparticles. The method yields magnetic spheroids with high sphericity and allows fine-tuning the final spheroid diameter. Moreover, cohesive spheroids can be obtained in less than 24 hours. We show the proof of concept of the method using the CT26 murine colon carcinoma cell line and how different cell proliferation and invasion potentials can be attained by varying the spheroid size. Additionally, we show how the spheroid maturation impacts cell invasion and doxorubicin penetrability, highlighting the importance of this parameter in drug screening and therapeutic applications. Finally, we demonstrate the capability of the method to allow the measurement of the spheroid surface tension, a relevant output parameter in the context of cancer cell invasion and metastasis. The method can accommodate other cell lines able to be magnetically labeled, as we demonstrate using the U-87 MG human glioblastoma cell line, and shows promise in the therapeutic screening at early time points of tissue formation, as well as in studies of drug and nanoparticle tumor penetration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Efrain Perez
- Laboratoire Matiere et Systemes Complexes UMR CNRS 7057, University of Paris, Paris, FRANCE
| | - Irène Nagle
- Laboratoire Matiere et Systemes Complexes UMR CNRS 7057, University of Paris, Paris, FRANCE
| | - Claire Wilhelm
- Laboratoire Matiere et Systemes Complexes UMR CNRS 7057, University of Paris, Batiment Condorcet, 10 rue Alice Domon et Leonie Duquet, 75025 Paris Cedax 13, Paris, 75013, FRANCE
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Van de Walle A, Kolosnjaj-Tabi J, Lalatonne Y, Wilhelm C. Ever-Evolving Identity of Magnetic Nanoparticles within Human Cells: The Interplay of Endosomal Confinement, Degradation, Storage, and Neocrystallization. Acc Chem Res 2020; 53:2212-2224. [PMID: 32935974 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Considerable knowledge has been acquired in inorganic nanoparticles' synthesis and nanoparticles' potential use in biomedical applications. Among different materials, iron oxide nanoparticles remain unrivaled for several reasons. Not only do they respond to multiple physical stimuli (e.g., magnetism, light) and exert multifunctional therapeutic and diagnostic actions but also they are biocompatible and integrate endogenous iron-related metabolic pathways. With the aim to optimize the use of (magnetic) iron oxide nanoparticles in biomedicine, different biophysical phenomena have been recently identified and studied. Among them, the concept of a "nanoparticle's identity" is of particular importance. Nanoparticles' identities evolve in distinct biological environments and over different periods of time. In this Account, we focus on the remodeling of magnetic nanoparticles' identities following their journey inside cells. For instance, nanoparticles' functions, such as heat generation or magnetic resonance imaging, can be highly impacted by endosomal confinement. Structural degradation of nanoparticles was also evidenced and quantified in cellulo and correlates with the loss of magnetic nanoparticle properties. Remarkably, in human stem cells, the nonmagnetic products of nanoparticles' degradation could be subsequently reassembled into neosynthesized, endogenous magnetic nanoparticles. This stunning occurrence might account for the natural presence of magnetic particles in human organs, especially the brain. However, mechanistic details and the implication of such phenomena in homeostasis and disease have yet to be completely unraveled.This Account aims to assess the short- and long-term transformations of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in living cells, particularly focusing on human stem cells. Precisely, we herein overview the multiple and ever-evolving chemical, physical, and biological magnetic nanoparticles' identities and emphasize the remarkable intracellular fate of these nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurore Van de Walle
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, MSC, UMR 7057, CNRS & University of Paris, 75205, Paris, Cedex 13, France
| | - Jelena Kolosnjaj-Tabi
- Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology, 205 Route de Narbonne, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Yoann Lalatonne
- Inserm, U1148, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science, Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-93017 Bobigny, France
- Services de Biochimie et Médecine Nucléaire, Hôpital Avicenne Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, F-93009 Bobigny, France
| | - Claire Wilhelm
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, MSC, UMR 7057, CNRS & University of Paris, 75205, Paris, Cedex 13, France
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Xiahou Z, She Y, Zhang J, Qin Y, Li G, Zhang L, Fang H, Zhang K, Chen C, Yin J. Designer Hydrogel with Intelligently Switchable Stem-Cell Contact for Incubating Cartilaginous Microtissues. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:40163-40175. [PMID: 32799444 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c13426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Stem-cell-derived organoid can resemble in vivo tissue counterpart and mimic at least one function of tissue or organ, possessing great potential for biomedical application. The present study develops a hydrogel with cell-responsive switch to guide spontaneous and sequential proliferation and aggregation of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) without inputting artificial stimulus for in vitro constructing cartilaginous microtissues with enhanced retention of cell-matrix and cell-cell interactions. Polylactic acid (PLA) rods are surface-aminolyzed by cystamine, followed by being involved in the amidation of poly(( l-glutamic acid) and adipic acid dihydrazide (ADH) to form a hydrogel. Along with tubular pore formation in hydrogel after dissolution of PLA rods, aminolyzed PLA molecules with disulfide bonds on rod surfaces are covalently transferred to the tubular pore surfaces of poly(l-glutamic acid)/ADH hydrogel. Because PLA attaches cells, while poly(l-glutamic acid)/ADH hydrogel repels cells, ASCs are found to adhere and proliferate on the tubular pore surfaces of hydrogel first and then cleave disulfide bonds by secreting molecules containing thiol, thus inducing desorption of PLA molecules and leading to their spontaneous detachment and aggregation. Associated with chondrogenic induction by TGF-β1 and IGF-1 in vitro for 28 days, the hydrogel as an all-in-one incubator produces well-engineered columnar cartilage microtissues from ASCs, with the glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and collagen type II (COL II) deposition achieving 64 and 69% of those in chondrocytes pellet, respectively. The cartilage microtissues further matured in vivo for 8 weeks to exhibit extremely similar histological features and biomechanical performance to native hyaline cartilage. The GAGs and COL II content, as well as compressive modulus of the matured tissue show no significant difference with native cartilage. The designer hydrogel may hold a promise for long-term culture of other types of stem cells and organoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijie Xiahou
- Department of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Yunlang She
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Jiahui Zhang
- Department of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Yechi Qin
- Department of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Guifei Li
- Department of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Lili Zhang
- Department of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Haowei Fang
- Department of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Kunxi Zhang
- Department of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Putuo Peoples Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200060, P. R. China
| | - Chang Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Jingbo Yin
- Department of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
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27
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Mostarac D, Sánchez PA, Kantorovich S. Characterisation of the magnetic response of nanoscale magnetic filaments in applied fields. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:13933-13947. [PMID: 32406897 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr01646b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Incorporating magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) within permanently crosslinked polymer-like structures opens up the possibility for synthesis of complex, highly magneto-responsive systems. Among such structures are chains of prealigned magnetic (ferro- or super-paramagnetic) monomers, permanently crosslinked by means of macromolecules, which we refer to as magnetic filaments (MFs). In this paper, using molecular dynamics simulations, we encompass filament synthesis scenarios, with a compact set of easily tuneable computational models, where we consider two distinct crosslinking approaches, for both ferromagnetic and super-paramagnetic monomers. We characterise the equilibrium structure, correlations and magnetic properties of MFs in static magnetic fields. Calculations show that MFs with ferromagnetic MNPs in crosslinking scenarios where the dipole moment orientations are decoupled from the filament backbone, have similar properties to MFs with super-paramagnetic monomers. At the same time, magnetic properties of MFs with ferromagnetic MNPs are more dependent on the crosslinking approach than they are for ones with super-paramagnetic monomers. Our results show that, in a strong applied field, MFs with super-paramagnetic MNPs have similar magnetic properties to ferromagnetic ones, while exhibiting higher susceptibility in low fields. We find that MFs with super-paramagnetic MNPs have a tendency to bend the backbone locally rather than to fully stretch along the field. We explain this behaviour by supplementing Flory theory with an explicit dipole-dipole interaction potential, with which we can take in to account folded filament configurations. It turns out that the entropy gain obtained through bending compensates an insignificant loss in dipolar energy for the filament lengths considered in the manuscript.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pedro A Sánchez
- Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russia and Wolfgang Pauli Institute, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sofia Kantorovich
- University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. and Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russia
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Zhang C, Cai YZ, Lin XJ, Wang Y. Magnetically Actuated Manipulation and Its Applications for Cartilage Defects: Characteristics and Advanced Therapeutic Strategies. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:526. [PMID: 32695782 PMCID: PMC7338659 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
For the fact that articular cartilage is a highly organized and avascular tissue, cartilage defects are limited to spontaneously heal, which would subsequently progress to osteoarthritis. Many methods have been developed to enhance the ability for cartilage regeneration, among which magnetically actuated manipulation has attracted interests due to its biocompatibility and non-invasive manipulation. Magnetically actuated manipulation that can be achieved by introducing magnetic nanoparticles and magnetic field. This review summarizes the cutting-edge research on the chondrogenic enhancements via magnetically actuated manipulation, including cell labeling, cell targeting, cell assembly, magnetic seeding and tissue engineering strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- Center for Sport Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - You-Zhi Cai
- Center for Sport Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiang-Jin Lin
- Center for Sport Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Center for Sport Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Spine Lab, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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29
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The impact of magnetic field on the conformations of supracolloidal polymer-like structures with super-paramagnetic monomers. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.112761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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30
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Yun WS, Aryal S, Ahn YJ, Seo YJ, Key J. Engineered iron oxide nanoparticles to improve regenerative effects of mesenchymal stem cells. Biomed Eng Lett 2020; 10:259-273. [PMID: 32477611 DOI: 10.1007/s13534-020-00153-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) based therapies are a major field of regenerative medicine. However, the success of MSC therapy relies on the efficiency of its delivery and retention, differentiation, and secreting paracrine factors at the target sites. Recent studies show that superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) modulate the regenerative effects of MSCs. After interacting with the cell membrane of MSCs, SPIONs can enter the cells via the endocytic pathway. The physicochemical properties of nanoparticles, including size, surface charge (zeta-potential), and surface ligand, influence their interactions with MSC, such as cellular uptake, cytotoxicity, homing factors, and regenerative related factors (VEGF, TGF-β1). Therefore, in-depth knowledge of the physicochemical properties of SPIONs might be a promising lead in regenerative and anti-inflammation research using SPIONs mediated MSCs. In this review, recent research on SPIONs with MSCs and the various designs of SPIONs are examined and summarized. Graphic abstract A graphical abstract describes important parameters in the design of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, affecting mesenchymal stem cells. These physicochemical properties are closely related to the mesenchymal stem cells to achieve improved cellular responses such as homing factors and cell uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Su Yun
- 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yonsei University, 1 Yonseidae-gil, Wonju, Gangwon-do South Korea
| | - Susmita Aryal
- 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yonsei University, 1 Yonseidae-gil, Wonju, Gangwon-do South Korea
| | - Ye Ji Ahn
- 2Research Institute of Hearing Enhancement, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea.,3Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Young Joon Seo
- 2Research Institute of Hearing Enhancement, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea.,3Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Jaehong Key
- 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yonsei University, 1 Yonseidae-gil, Wonju, Gangwon-do South Korea
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31
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Zhang X, Sun L, Yu Y, Zhao Y. Flexible Ferrofluids: Design and Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1903497. [PMID: 31583782 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201903497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Revised: 07/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ferrofluids, also known as ferromagnetic particle suspensions, are materials with an excellent magnetic response, which have attracted increasing interest in both industrial production and scientific research areas. Because of their outstanding features, such as rapid magnetic reaction, flexible flowability, as well as tunable optical and thermal properties, ferrofluids have found applications in various fields, including material science, physics, chemistry, biology, medicine, and engineering. Here, a comprehensive, in-depth insight into the diverse applications of ferrofluids from material fabrication, droplet manipulation, and biomedicine to energy and machinery is provided. Design of ferrofluid-related devices, recent developments, as well as present challenges and future prospects are also outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Lingyu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Yunru Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Yuanjin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
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32
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Patel DK, Lim KT. Biomimetic Polymer-Based Engineered Scaffolds for Improved Stem Cell Function. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 12:E2950. [PMID: 31514460 PMCID: PMC6766224 DOI: 10.3390/ma12182950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Scaffolds are considered promising materials for tissue engineering applications due to their unique physiochemical properties. The high porosity and adequate mechanical properties of the scaffolds facilitate greater cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. Stem cells are frequently applied in tissue engineering applications due to their excellent potential. It has been noted that cell functions are profoundly affected by the nature of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Naturally derived ECM contains the bioactive motif that also influences the immune response of the organism. The properties of polymer scaffolds mean they can resemble the native ECM and can regulate cellular responses. Various techniques such as electrospinning and 3D printing, among others, are frequently used to fabricate polymer scaffolds, and their cellular responses are different with each technique. Furthermore, enhanced cell viability, as well as the differentiation ability of stem cells on the surface of scaffolds, opens a fascinating approach to the formation of ECM-like environments for tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh K Patel
- The Institute of Forest Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon-24341, Korea.
| | - Ki-Taek Lim
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon-24341, Korea.
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33
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Jafari J, Han XL, Palmer J, Tran PA, O'Connor AJ. Remote Control in Formation of 3D Multicellular Assemblies Using Magnetic Forces. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:2532-2542. [PMID: 33405759 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cell constructs have been utilized as building blocks in tissue engineering to closely mimic the natural tissue and also overcome some of the limitations caused by two-dimensional cultures or using scaffolds. External forces can be used to enhance the cells' adhesion and interaction and thus provide better control over production of these structures compared to methods like cell seeding and migration. In this paper, we demonstrate an efficient method to generate uniform, three-dimensional cell constructs using magnetic forces. This method produced spheroids with higher densities and more symmetrical structures than the commonly used centrifugation method for production of cell spheroids. It was also shown that shape of the cell constructs could be changed readily by using different patterns of magnetic field. The application of magnetic fields to impart forces on the cells enhanced the fusion of these spheroids, which could be used to produce larger and more complicated structures for future tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Jafari
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Particulate Fluids Processing Centre, The University of Melbourne, Grattan St., Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Xiao-Lian Han
- O'Brien Institute Department, St. Vincent's Institute, 42 Fitzroy Street, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Jason Palmer
- O'Brien Institute Department, St. Vincent's Institute, 42 Fitzroy Street, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Phong A Tran
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Particulate Fluids Processing Centre, The University of Melbourne, Grattan St., Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.,Interface Science and Materials Engineering Group, School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George St., Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia
| | - Andrea J O'Connor
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Particulate Fluids Processing Centre, The University of Melbourne, Grattan St., Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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34
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Cell membrane engineering with synthetic materials: Applications in cell spheroids, cellular glues and microtissue formation. Acta Biomater 2019; 90:21-36. [PMID: 30986529 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Biologically inspired materials with tunable bio- and physicochemical properties provide an essential framework to actively control and support cellular behavior. Cell membrane remodeling approaches benefit from the advances in polymer science and bioconjugation methods, which allow for the installation of un-/natural molecules and particles on the cells' surface. Synthetically remodeled cells have superior properties and are under intense investigation in various therapeutic scenarios as cell delivery systems, bio-sensing platforms, injectable biomaterials and bioinks for 3D bioprinting applications. In this review article, recent advances in the field of cell surface remodeling via bio-chemical means and the potential biomedical applications of these emerging cell hybrids are discussed. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Recent advances in bioconjugation methods, controlled/living polymerizations, microfabrication techniques and 3D printing technologies have enabled researchers to probe specific cellular functions and cues for therapeutic and research purposes through the formation of cell spheroids and polymer-cell chimeras. This review article highlights recent non-genetic cell membrane engineering strategies towards the fabrication of cellular ensembles and microtissues with interest in 3D in vitro modeling, cell therapeutics and tissue engineering. From a wider perspective, these approaches may provide a roadmap for future advances in cell therapies which will expedite the clinical use of cells, thereby improving the quality and accessibility of disease treatments.
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35
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Biosynthesis of magnetic nanoparticles from nano-degradation products revealed in human stem cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:4044-4053. [PMID: 30760598 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1816792116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
While magnetic nanoparticles offer exciting possibilities for stem cell imaging or tissue bioengineering, their long-term intracellular fate remains to be fully documented. Besides, it appears that magnetic nanoparticles can occur naturally in human cells, but their origin and potentially endogenous synthesis still need further understanding. In an effort to explore the life cycle of magnetic nanoparticles, we investigated their transformations upon internalization in mesenchymal stem cells and as a function of the cells' differentiation status (undifferentiated, or undergoing adipogenesis, osteogenesis, and chondrogenesis). Using magnetism as a fingerprint of the transformation process, we evidenced an important degradation of the nanoparticles during chondrogenesis. For the other pathways, stem cells were remarkably "remagnetized" after degradation of nanoparticles. This remagnetization phenomenon is the direct demonstration of a possible neosynthesis of magnetic nanoparticles in cellulo and could lay some foundation to understand the presence of magnetic crystals in human cells. The neosynthesis was shown to take place within the endosomes and to involve the H-subunit of ferritin. Moreover, it appeared to be the key process to avoid long-term cytotoxicity (impact on differentiation) related to high doses of magnetic nanoparticles within stem cells.
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36
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Saberi A, Zhang S, van den Bersselaar C, Kandail H, den Toonder JMJ, Kurniawan NA. A stirring system using suspended magnetically-actuated pillars for controlled cell clustering. SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:1435-1443. [PMID: 30666323 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm01957f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Controlled stirring of a solution is a household task in most laboratories. However, most stirring methods are perturbative or require vessels with predefined shapes and sizes. Here we propose a novel stirring system based on suspended magnetically-actuated pillars (SMAPs), inspired by the ability of biological flagella and cilia to generate flow. We fabricated flexible, millimeter-scale magnetic pillars grafted on transparent polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrates and built a simple actuation setup to control the motion of the pillars remotely. We tested the system with a standard 24-well plate routinely used in most research laboratories and demonstrate that the magnetic actuation results in robust bending of the pillars and large-scale fluid flow in the wells. Quantitative analysis using computational fluid dynamics modeling indicates that the flow profile in the well can be tuned by modulating the applied magnetic field and the geometries of the well and the pillar. Finally, we show that, by employing the stirring system in a standard cell culture plate, we were able to obtain controlled clustering of cells. The SMAP stirring system is therefore a promising cost-effective and scalable stirring approach for various types of studies involving colloids as well as soft and biological materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aref Saberi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
| | - Shuaizhong Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Carola van den Bersselaar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
| | - Harkamaljot Kandail
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
| | - Jaap M J den Toonder
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Nicholas A Kurniawan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands. and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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37
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Van de Walle A, Faissal W, Wilhelm C, Luciani N. Role of growth factors and oxygen to limit hypertrophy and impact of high magnetic nanoparticles dose during stem cell chondrogenesis. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2018; 16:532-542. [PMID: 30524668 PMCID: PMC6260287 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2018.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to an unmet clinical need of curative treatments for osteoarthritic patients, tissue engineering strategies that propose the development of cartilage tissue replacements from stem cells have emerged. Some of these strategies are based on the internalization of magnetic nanoparticles into stem cells to then initiate the chondrogenesis via magnetic compaction. A major difficulty is to drive the chondrogenic differentiation of the cells such as they produce an extracellular matrix free of hypertrophic collagen. An additional difficulty has to be overcome when nanoparticles are used, knowing that a high dose of nanoparticles can limit the chondrogenesis. We here propose a gene-based analysis of the effects of chemical factors (growth factors, hypoxia) on the chondrogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells both with and without nanoparticles. We focus on the synthesis of two of the most important constituents present in the cartilaginous extracellular matrix (Collagen II and Aggrecan) and on the expression of collagen X, the signature of hypertrophic cartilage, in order to provide a quantitative index of the type of cartilage produced (i.e. hyaline, hypertrophic). We demonstrate that by applying specific environmental conditions, gene expression can be directed toward the production of hyaline cartilage, with limited hypertrophy. Besides, a combination of the growth factors IGF-1, TGF-β3, with a hypoxic conditioning remarkably reduced the impact of high nanoparticles concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Claire Wilhelm
- Corresponding authors at: Laboratoire MSC, UMR 7057 CNRS, University Paris Diderot, France.
| | - Nathalie Luciani
- Corresponding authors at: Laboratoire MSC, UMR 7057 CNRS, University Paris Diderot, France.
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Parfenov VA, Koudan EV, Bulanova EA, Karalkin PA, DAS Pereira F, Norkin NE, Knyazeva AD, Gryadunova AA, Petrov OF, Vasiliev MM, Myasnikov MI, Chernikov VP, Kasyanov VA, Marchenkov AY, Brakke K, Khesuani YD, Demirci U, Mironov VA. Scaffold-free, label-free and nozzle-free biofabrication technology using magnetic levitational assembly. Biofabrication 2018; 10:034104. [PMID: 29848793 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/aac900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Tissue spheroids have been proposed as building blocks in 3D biofabrication. Conventional magnetic force-driven 2D patterning of tissue spheroids requires prior cell labeling by magnetic nanoparticles, meanwhile a label-free approach for 3D magnetic levitational assembly has been introduced. Here we present first time report on rapid assembly of 3D tissue construct using scaffold-free, nozzle-free and label-free magnetic levitation of tissue spheroids. Chondrospheres of standard size, shape and capable to fusion have been biofabricated from primary sheep chondrocytes using non-adhesive technology. Label-free magnetic levitation was performed using a prototype device equipped with permanent magnets in presence of gadolinium (Gd3+) in culture media, which enables magnetic levitation. Mathematical modeling and computer simulations were used for prediction of magnetic field and kinetics of tissue spheroids assembly into 3D tissue constructs. First, we used polystyrene beads to simulate the assembly of tissue spheroids and to determine the optimal settings for magnetic levitation in presence of Gd3+. Second, we proved the ability of chondrospheres to assemble rapidly into 3D tissue construct in the permanent magnetic field in the presence of Gd3+. Thus, scaffold- and label-free magnetic levitation of tissue spheroids is a promising approach for rapid 3D biofabrication and attractive alternative to label-based magnetic force-driven tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladislav A Parfenov
- Laboratory for Biotechnological Research '3D Bioprinting Solutions', Moscow, Russia
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Jin L, Hu B, Li Z, Li J, Gao Y, Wang Z, Hao J. Synergistic Effects of Electrical Stimulation and Aligned Nanofibrous Microenvironment on Growth Behavior of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:18543-18550. [PMID: 29768013 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b04136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Incontrollable cellular growth behavior is a significant issue, which severely affects the functional tissue formation and cellular protein expression. Development of natural extracellular matrix (ECM) like biomaterials to present microenvironment cues for regulation of cell responses can effectively overcome this problem. The external simulation and topological characteristics as typical guiding cues are capable of providing diverse influences on cellular growth. Herein, we fabricated two-dimensional aligned conductive nanofibers (2D-ACNFs) by an electrospinning process and surface polymerization, and the obtained 2D-ACNFs provided the effects of both alignment and electrical stimulation (ES) on cellular response of human mesenchymal cells (hMSCs). The results of cellular responses implied that the obtained 2D-ACNFs could offer a synergistic effect of both ES and aligned nanopattern on hMSC growth behavior. The effects could not only promote hMSCs to contact each other and maintain cellular activity but also provide positive promotion to regulate cellular proliferation. Thus, we believe that the obtained 2D-ACNFs will have a broad application in the biomedical field, such as cell culture with ES, directional induction for cell growth, and damaged tissue repair, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Jin
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital , Zhengzhou University People's Hospital , Number 7 Weiwu Road , Zhengzhou 450003 , P. R. China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials , Zhoukou 466001 , P. R. China
| | - Bin Hu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials , Zhoukou 466001 , P. R. China
| | - Zhanrong Li
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital , Zhengzhou University People's Hospital , Number 7 Weiwu Road , Zhengzhou 450003 , P. R. China
| | - Jingguo Li
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital , Zhengzhou University People's Hospital , Number 7 Weiwu Road , Zhengzhou 450003 , P. R. China
| | - Yanzheng Gao
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital , Zhengzhou University People's Hospital , Number 7 Weiwu Road , Zhengzhou 450003 , P. R. China
| | - Zhenling Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials , Zhoukou 466001 , P. R. China
| | - Jianhua Hao
- Department of Applied Physics , The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong , P. R. China
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Rose JC, De Laporte L. Hierarchical Design of Tissue Regenerative Constructs. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1701067. [PMID: 29369541 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201701067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The worldwide shortage of organs fosters significant advancements in regenerative therapies. Tissue engineering and regeneration aim to supply or repair organs or tissues by combining material scaffolds, biochemical signals, and cells. The greatest challenge entails the creation of a suitable implantable or injectable 3D macroenvironment and microenvironment to allow for ex vivo or in vivo cell-induced tissue formation. This review gives an overview of the essential components of tissue regenerating scaffolds, ranging from the molecular to the macroscopic scale in a hierarchical manner. Further, this review elaborates about recent pivotal technologies, such as photopatterning, electrospinning, 3D bioprinting, or the assembly of micrometer-scale building blocks, which enable the incorporation of local heterogeneities, similar to most native extracellular matrices. These methods are applied to mimic a vast number of different tissues, including cartilage, bone, nerves, muscle, heart, and blood vessels. Despite the tremendous progress that has been made in the last decade, it remains a hurdle to build biomaterial constructs in vitro or in vivo with a native-like structure and architecture, including spatiotemporal control of biofunctional domains and mechanical properties. New chemistries and assembly methods in water will be crucial to develop therapies that are clinically translatable and can evolve into organized and functional tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas C. Rose
- DWI—Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials Forckenbeckstr. 50 Aachen D‐52074 Germany
| | - Laura De Laporte
- DWI—Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials Forckenbeckstr. 50 Aachen D‐52074 Germany
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Programmed Self-Assembly of a Biochemical and Magnetic Scaffold to Trigger and Manipulate Microtubule Structures. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11344. [PMID: 28900114 PMCID: PMC5595911 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10297-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Artificial bio-based scaffolds offer broad applications in bioinspired chemistry, nanomedicine, and material science. One current challenge is to understand how the programmed self-assembly of biomolecules at the nanometre level can dictate the emergence of new functional properties at the mesoscopic scale. Here we report a general approach to design genetically encoded protein-based scaffolds with modular biochemical and magnetic functions. By combining chemically induced dimerization strategies and biomineralisation, we engineered ferritin nanocages to nucleate and manipulate microtubule structures upon magnetic actuation. Triggering the self-assembly of engineered ferritins into micrometric scaffolds mimics the function of centrosomes, the microtubule organizing centres of cells, and provides unique magnetic and self-organizing properties. We anticipate that our approach could be transposed to control various biological processes and extend to broader applications in biotechnology or material chemistry.
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Van de Walle A, Wilhelm C, Luciani N. 3D Magnetic Stem Cell Aggregation and Bioreactor Maturation for Cartilage Regeneration. J Vis Exp 2017. [PMID: 28518068 DOI: 10.3791/55221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cartilage engineering remains a challenge due to the difficulties in creating an in vitro functional implant similar to the native tissue. An approach recently explored for the development of autologous replacements involves the differentiation of stem cells into chondrocytes. To initiate this chondrogenesis, a degree of compaction of the stem cells is required; hence, we demonstrated the feasibility of magnetically condensing cells, both within thick scaffolds and scaffold-free, using miniaturized magnetic field sources as cell attractors. This magnetic approach was also used to guide aggregate fusion and to build scaffold-free, organized, three-dimensional (3D) tissues several millimeters in size. In addition to having an enhanced size, the tissue formed by magnetic-driven fusion presented a significant increase in the expression of collagen II, and a similar trend was observed for aggrecan expression. As the native cartilage was subjected to forces that influenced its 3D structure, dynamic maturation was also performed. A bioreactor that provides mechanical stimuli was used to culture the magnetically seeded scaffolds over a 21-day period. Bioreactor maturation largely improved chondrogenesis into the cellularized scaffolds; the extracellular matrix obtained under these conditions was rich in collagen II and aggrecan. This work outlines the innovative potential of magnetic condensation of labeled stem cells and dynamic maturation in a bioreactor for improved chondrogenic differentiation, both scaffold-free and within polysaccharide scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurore Van de Walle
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), UMR 7057 CNRS and University Paris Diderot
| | - Claire Wilhelm
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), UMR 7057 CNRS and University Paris Diderot;
| | - Nathalie Luciani
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), UMR 7057 CNRS and University Paris Diderot;
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Strategy for constructing vascularized adipose units in poly(l-glutamic acid) hydrogel porous scaffold through inducing in-situ formation of ASCs spheroids. Acta Biomater 2017; 51:246-257. [PMID: 28093366 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Vascularization is of great importance to adipose tissue regeneration. Here we introduced a paradigm that using scaffold to induce ASC spheroids, so to promote vascularized adipose tissue regeneration. Poly (l-glutamic acid) (PLGA) was activated by EDC, followed by being cross-linked by Adipic dihydrazide (ADH) to form a homogeneous hydrogel. Lyophilization was then carried out to create porous structure. The PLGA hydrogel scaffold possessed a significant swollen hydrophilic network to weaken cell-scaffold adhesion but drive ASCs to aggregate to form spheroids. Increase of seeding cell density was proved to result in the increase of spheroid size, upregulating angiogenic genes (VEGF and FGF-2) expression by enhancing the hypoxia-induced paracrine secretion. Also, the adipogenic differentiation of ASCs was achieved in spheroids in vitro. Moreover, the in vivo vascularized adipose tissue regeneration was evaluated in the dorsum of nude mice. After 12weeks post-implantation, the significant angiogenesis was found in both adipogenic induced and non-induced engineered tissue. In adipogenic induced group, the clear ring-like morphology, the large vacuole in the middle of the cell and the Oil red O staining demonstrated adipose tissue formation. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Vascularization is of great importance to adipose tissue regeneration. Adipose derived stem cell (ASC) spheroids possessed not only the high efficiency of vascularization, but also the improved differentiation ability. Several research works have illustrated the advantage of ASC spheroids in vascularization. However, in adipose regeneration, ASC spheroid was rarely used. Even so, it is reasonable to believe that ASC spheroids hold a great promise in vascularized adipose tissue engineering. Thus in the present study, we introduced a method to create lots of ASC spheroids that acted as lots of individual adipogenesis and angiogenesis units inside of a porous hydrogel scaffold. Then, the scaffold carrying ASC spheroids was implanted subcutaneously in nude mice to preliminarily evaluate the adipose tissue generation and blood vessel formation.
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Huang G, Li M, Yang Q, Li Y, Liu H, Yang H, Xu F. Magnetically Actuated Droplet Manipulation and Its Potential Biomedical Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:1155-1166. [PMID: 27991766 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b09017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Droplet manipulation has found broad applications in various engineering and biomedical fields, such as biochemistry, microfluidic systems, drug delivery, and tissue engineering. Many methods have been developed to enhance the ability for manipulating droplets, among which magnetically actuated droplet manipulation has attracted widespread interests due to its remote, noninvasive manipulation ability and biocompatibility. This review summarizes the approaches and their principles that enable actuating the droplet magnetically. The potential biomedical applications of such a technique in bioassay, cell assembly, and tissue engineering are given.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Hui Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University , Xi'an 710072, People's Republic of China
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Wei J, Song F, Dobnikar J. Assembly of Superparamagnetic Filaments in External Field. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:9321-8. [PMID: 27536958 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b02268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We present a theoretical and simulation study of anchored magneto-elastic filaments in external magnetic field. The filaments are composed of a mixture of superparamagnetic and nonmagnetic colloidal beads interlinked with elastic springs. We explore the steady-state structures of filaments with various composition and bending rigidity subject to external magnetic field parallel to the surface. The interplay of elastic and induced magnetic interactions results in a rich phase behavior with morphologies reminiscent of macromolecular folding: bent filaments, loops, sheets, helicoids, and other collapsed structures. Our results provide new insights into the design of hierarchically assembled supramolecular structures with controlled response to external stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachen Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 15 Beisihuanxi Road, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 15 Beisihuanxi Road, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jure Dobnikar
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 8 Third South Street, Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, China
- International Research Center for Soft Matter, Beijing University of Chemical Technology , 15 Beisanhuan Road, Beijing 100029, China
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Mazuel F, Espinosa A, Luciani N, Reffay M, Le Borgne R, Motte L, Desboeufs K, Michel A, Pellegrino T, Lalatonne Y, Wilhelm C. Massive Intracellular Biodegradation of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Evidenced Magnetically at Single-Endosome and Tissue Levels. ACS NANO 2016; 10:7627-38. [PMID: 27419260 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b02876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative studies of the long-term fate of iron oxide nanoparticles inside cells, a prerequisite for regenerative medicine applications, are hampered by the lack of suitable biological tissue models and analytical methods. Here, we propose stem-cell spheroids as a tissue model to track intracellular magnetic nanoparticle transformations during long-term tissue maturation. We show that global spheroid magnetism can serve as a fingerprint of the degradation process, and we evidence a near-complete nanoparticle degradation over a month of tissue maturation, as confirmed by electron microscopy. Remarkably, the same massive degradation was measured at the endosome level by single-endosome nanomagnetophoretic tracking in cell-free endosomal extract. Interestingly, this spectacular nanoparticle breakdown barely affected iron homeostasis: only the genes coding for ferritin light chain (iron loading) and ferroportin (iron export) were up-regulated 2-fold by the degradation process. Besides, the magnetic and tissular tools developed here allow screening of the biostability of magnetic nanomaterials, as demonstrated with iron oxide nanocubes and nanodimers. Hence, stem-cell spheroids and purified endosomes are suitable models needed to monitor nanoparticle degradation in conjunction with magnetic, chemical, and biological characterizations at the cellular scale, quantitatively, in the long term, in situ, and in real time.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Mazuel
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), UMR 7057, CNRS and Université Paris Diderot , 75205 Cedex 05 Paris, France
| | - Ana Espinosa
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), UMR 7057, CNRS and Université Paris Diderot , 75205 Cedex 05 Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Luciani
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), UMR 7057, CNRS and Université Paris Diderot , 75205 Cedex 05 Paris, France
| | - Myriam Reffay
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), UMR 7057, CNRS and Université Paris Diderot , 75205 Cedex 05 Paris, France
| | - Rémi Le Borgne
- ImagoSeine, Electron Microscopy Facility, Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS UMR 7592, Université Paris Diderot , Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75205 Cedex 13 Paris, France
| | - Laurence Motte
- Inserm, U1148, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science, UFR SMBH, Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-93017 Bobigny, France
| | - Karine Desboeufs
- LISA, CNRS UMR 7583, Université Paris-Diderot and Université Paris-Est Créteil, 94400 Créteil, France
| | - Aude Michel
- Sorbonne Universités, Physicochimie des Electrolytes et Nanosystèmes InterfaciauX (PHENIX), UMR 8234, Université Pierre et Marie Curie UPMC-CNRS, 75252 Cedex 05 Paris, France
| | | | - Yoann Lalatonne
- Inserm, U1148, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science, UFR SMBH, Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-93017 Bobigny, France
- Service de Médecine Nucléaire, Hôpital Avicenne Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, F-93009 Bobigny, France
| | - Claire Wilhelm
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), UMR 7057, CNRS and Université Paris Diderot , 75205 Cedex 05 Paris, France
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Correia CR, Gil S, Reis RL, Mano JF. A Closed Chondromimetic Environment within Magnetic-Responsive Liquified Capsules Encapsulating Stem Cells and Collagen II/TGF-β3 Microparticles. Adv Healthc Mater 2016; 5:1346-55. [PMID: 26990273 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201600034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Revised: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
TGF-β3 is enzymatically immobilized by transglutaminase-2 action to poly(l-lactic acid) microparticles coated with collagen II. Microparticles are then encapsulated with stem cells inside liquified spherical compartments enfolded with a permselective shell through layer-by-layer adsorption. Magnetic nanoparticles are electrostatically bound to the multilayered shell, conferring magnetic-response ability. The goal of this study is to engineer a closed environment inside which encapsulated stem cells would undergo a self-regulated chondrogenesis. To test this hypothesis, capsules are cultured in chondrogenic differentiation medium without TGF-β3. Their biological outcome is compared with capsules encapsulating microparticles without TGF-β3 immobilization and cultured in normal chondrogenic differentiation medium containing soluble TGF-β3. Glycosaminoglycans quantification demosntrates that similar chondrogenesis levels are achieved. Moreover, collagen fibrils resembling the native extracellular matrix of cartilage can be observed. Importantly, the genetic evaluation of characteristic cartilage markers confirms the successful chondrogenesis, while hypertrophic markers are downregulated. In summary, the engineered capsules are able to provide a suitable and stable chondrogenesis environment for stem cells without the need of TGF-β3 supplementation. This kind of self-regulated capsules with softness, robustness, and magnetic responsive characteristics is expected to provide injectability and in situ fixation, which is of great advantage for minimal invasive strategies to regenerate cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara R. Correia
- 3B's Research Group - Biomaterials Biodegradables and Biomimetics; University of Minho; Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine; AvePark 4805-017 Barco Guimarães Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associated Laboratory; Braga/Guimaraes Portugal
| | - Sara Gil
- 3B's Research Group - Biomaterials Biodegradables and Biomimetics; University of Minho; Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine; AvePark 4805-017 Barco Guimarães Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associated Laboratory; Braga/Guimaraes Portugal
| | - Rui L. Reis
- 3B's Research Group - Biomaterials Biodegradables and Biomimetics; University of Minho; Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine; AvePark 4805-017 Barco Guimarães Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associated Laboratory; Braga/Guimaraes Portugal
| | - João F. Mano
- 3B's Research Group - Biomaterials Biodegradables and Biomimetics; University of Minho; Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine; AvePark 4805-017 Barco Guimarães Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associated Laboratory; Braga/Guimaraes Portugal
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48
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Luciani N, Du V, Gazeau F, Richert A, Letourneur D, Le Visage C, Wilhelm C. Successful chondrogenesis within scaffolds, using magnetic stem cell confinement and bioreactor maturation. Acta Biomater 2016; 37:101-10. [PMID: 27063490 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Revised: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Tissue engineering strategies, such as cellularized scaffolds approaches, have been explored for cartilage replacement. The challenge, however, remains to produce a cartilaginous tissue incorporating functional chondrocytes and being large and thick enough to be compatible with the replacement of articular defects. Here, we achieved unprecedented cartilage tissue production into a porous polysaccharide scaffold by combining of efficient magnetic condensation of mesenchymal stem cells, and dynamic maturation in a bioreactor. In optimal conditions, all the hallmarks of chondrogenesis were enhanced with a 50-fold increase in collagen II expression compared to negative control, an overexpression of aggrecan and collagen XI, and a very low expression of collagen I and RUNX2. Histological staining showed a large number of cellular aggregates, as well as an increased proteoglycan synthesis by chondrocytes. Interestingly, electron microscopy showed larger chondrocytes and a more abundant extracellular matrix. In addition, the periodicity of the neosynthesized collagen fibers matched that of collagen II. These results represent a major step forward in replacement tissue for cartilage defects. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE A combination of several innovative technologies (magnetic cell seeding, polysaccharide porous scaffolds, and dynamic maturation in bioreactor) enabled unprecedented successful chondrogenesis within scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Luciani
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), UMR 7057 CNRS & University Paris Diderot, Paris F-75205 Cedex 13, France.
| | - Vicard Du
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), UMR 7057 CNRS & University Paris Diderot, Paris F-75205 Cedex 13, France
| | - Florence Gazeau
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), UMR 7057 CNRS & University Paris Diderot, Paris F-75205 Cedex 13, France
| | - Alain Richert
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), UMR 7057 CNRS & University Paris Diderot, Paris F-75205 Cedex 13, France
| | - Didier Letourneur
- Laboratoire de recherche vasculaire translationnelle, INSERM UMR 1148 & University Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | | | - Claire Wilhelm
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), UMR 7057 CNRS & University Paris Diderot, Paris F-75205 Cedex 13, France
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Harrison R, Markides H, Morris RH, Richards P, El Haj AJ, Sottile V. Autonomous magnetic labelling of functional mesenchymal stem cells for improved traceability and spatial control in cell therapy applications. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2016; 11:2333-2348. [PMID: 27151571 PMCID: PMC5573958 DOI: 10.1002/term.2133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent a valuable resource for regenerative medicine treatments for orthopaedic repair and beyond. Following developments in isolation, expansion and differentiation protocols, efforts to promote clinical translation of emerging cellular strategies now seek to improve cell delivery and targeting. This study shows efficient live MSC labelling using silica‐coated magnetic particles (MPs), which enables 3D tracking and guidance of stem cells. A procedure developed for the efficient and unassisted particle uptake was shown to support MSC viability and integrity, while surface marker expression and MSC differentiation capability were also maintained. In vitro, MSCs showed a progressive decrease in labelling over increasing culture time, which appeared to be linked to the dilution effect of cell division, rather than to particle release, and did not lead to detectable secondary particle uptake. Labelled MSC populations demonstrated magnetic responsiveness in vitro through directed migration in culture and, when seeded onto a scaffold, supporting MP‐based approaches to cell targeting. The potential of these silica‐coated MPs for MRI cell tracking of MSC populations was validated in 2D and in a cartilage repair model following cell delivery. These results highlight silica‐coated magnetic particles as a simple, safe and effective resource to enhance MSC targeting for therapeutic applications and improve patient outcomes. © 2016 The Authors Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Harrison
- Wolfson Centre for Stem Cells, Tissue Engineering and Modelling (STEM), School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, UK
| | - Hareklea Markides
- Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, UK
| | - Robert H Morris
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, UK
| | - Paula Richards
- Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, UK
| | - Alicia J El Haj
- Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, UK
| | - Virginie Sottile
- Wolfson Centre for Stem Cells, Tissue Engineering and Modelling (STEM), School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, UK
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50
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Rahmi G, Pidial L, Silva AKA, Blondiaux E, Meresse B, Gazeau F, Autret G, Balvay D, Cuenod CA, Perretta S, Tavitian B, Wilhelm C, Cellier C, Clément O. Designing 3D Mesenchymal Stem Cell Sheets Merging Magnetic and Fluorescent Features: When Cell Sheet Technology Meets Image-Guided Cell Therapy. Am J Cancer Res 2016; 6:739-51. [PMID: 27022420 PMCID: PMC4805667 DOI: 10.7150/thno.14064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell sheet technology opens new perspectives in tissue regeneration therapy by providing readily implantable, scaffold-free 3D tissue constructs. Many studies have focused on the therapeutic effects of cell sheet implantation while relatively little attention has concerned the fate of the implanted cells in vivo. The aim of the present study was to track longitudinally the cells implanted in the cell sheets in vivo in target tissues. To this end we (i) endowed bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) with imaging properties by double labeling with fluorescent and magnetic tracers, (ii) applied BMMSC cell sheets to a digestive fistula model in mice, (iii) tracked the BMMSC fate in vivo by MRI and probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (pCLE), and (iv) quantified healing of the fistula. We show that image-guided longitudinal follow-up can document both the fate of the cell sheet-derived BMMSCs and their healing capacity. Moreover, our theranostic approach informs on the mechanism of action, either directly by integration of cell sheet-derived BMMSCs into the host tissue or indirectly through the release of signaling molecules in the host tissue. Multimodal imaging and clinical evaluation converged to attest that cell sheet grafting resulted in minimal clinical inflammation, improved fistula healing, reduced tissue fibrosis and enhanced microvasculature density. At the molecular level, cell sheet transplantation induced an increase in the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines (TGF-ß2 and IL-10) and host intestinal growth factors involved in tissue repair (EGF and VEGF). Multimodal imaging is useful for tracking cell sheets and for noninvasive follow-up of their regenerative properties.
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