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Mirshokraee SA, Muhyuddin M, Orsilli J, Berretti E, Lavacchi A, Lo Vecchio C, Baglio V, Viscardi R, Zaffora A, Di Franco F, Santamaria M, Olivi L, Pollastri S, Santoro C. Mono-, bi- and tri-metallic Fe-based platinum group metal-free electrocatalysts derived from phthalocyanine for oxygen reduction reaction in alkaline media. NANOSCALE 2024. [PMID: 38488880 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr00575a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
In this manuscript, a comprehensive study is presented on Fe-based electrocatalysts with mono, bi, and tri-metallic compositions, emphasizing the influence of processing-structure correlations on the electrocatalytic activity for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in the alkaline medium. These electrocatalysts were synthesized through the mixing of transition metal phthalocyanines (TM-Pc) with conductive carbon support, followed by controlled thermal treatment at specific temperatures (600 °C and 900 °C). An extensive analysis was conducted, employing various techniques, including X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and X-ray Diffraction (XRD), providing valuable insights into the structural characteristics of the synthesized nanoparticles. Importantly, an increase in the Fe-Pc weight percentage from 10% to 30% enhanced the ORR activity, although not proportionally. Furthermore, a comparative analysis between mono, bi, and tri-metallic samples subjected to different functionalization temperatures highlighted the superior electrocatalytic activity of electrocatalysts functionalized at 600 °C, particularly Fe 600 and Fe-Ni-Cu 600. These electrocatalysts featured Eon values of 0.96 V vs. RHE and E1/2 values of 0.9 V vs. RHE, with the added benefit of reduced anionic peroxide production. The potential of these Fe-based electrocatalysts to enhance ORR efficiency is underscored by this research, contributing to the development of more effective and sustainable electrocatalysts for energy conversion technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Ariana Mirshokraee
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, U5, Via Roberto Cozzi, 55, 20125, Milan, MI, Italy.
| | - Mohsin Muhyuddin
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, U5, Via Roberto Cozzi, 55, 20125, Milan, MI, Italy.
| | - Jacopo Orsilli
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, U5, Via Roberto Cozzi, 55, 20125, Milan, MI, Italy.
| | - Enrico Berretti
- Istituto di Chimica Dei Composti OrganoMetallici (ICCOM), Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Madonna Del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Alessandro Lavacchi
- Istituto di Chimica Dei Composti OrganoMetallici (ICCOM), Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Madonna Del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Carmelo Lo Vecchio
- Istituto di Tecnologie Avanzate per l'Energia "Nicola Giordano" (ITAE), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Salita S. Lucia sopra Contesse 5, Messina, 98126, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Baglio
- Istituto di Tecnologie Avanzate per l'Energia "Nicola Giordano" (ITAE), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Salita S. Lucia sopra Contesse 5, Messina, 98126, Italy
| | - Rosanna Viscardi
- Casaccia Research Center, ENEA, Santa Maria di Galeria, 00123, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Zaffora
- Department of Engineering, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Franco
- Department of Engineering, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Monica Santamaria
- Department of Engineering, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Luca Olivi
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Area Science Park, Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Simone Pollastri
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Area Science Park, Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
- Department of Physics, Computer Science and Mathematics, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Carlo Santoro
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, U5, Via Roberto Cozzi, 55, 20125, Milan, MI, Italy.
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Liu Y, Zheng Y, Zhang P, Hou J. Highly Efficient Oxygen Reduction N-Doped Carbon Nanosheets Were Prepared by Hydrothermal Carbonization. Molecules 2023; 29:3. [PMID: 38202586 PMCID: PMC10780226 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
A metal-free carbon catalyst is a kind of oxygen reduction catalyst with great prospects. It is an important material with potential to replace the traditional Pt catalyst. In this paper, a kind of irregular and ultra-thin carbon nanosheet (K180M-300-900) with high catalytic activity was synthesized by hydrothermal calcination using okra as a biomass and NH4Cl as an N source. The prepared nitrogen-doped metal-free catalyst with high pyridine-N and graphitic-N provides an extremely large number of active sites and has certain lattice defects. Ultra-thin carbon nanosheets promote sufficient contact between the catalyst and electrolyte, promote the diffusion of oxygen, and result in a faster transfer rate of electrons. The initial potential and half-slope potential of K180M-300-900 are 0.99 V and 0.82 V, respectively, which are comparable to those of 20% Pt/C. In addition, the stability and methanol tolerance of this catalyst (K180M-300-900) are better than 20% Pt/C, so it has great development potential and application value. This result provides a new method to prepare metal-free carbon materials that will take the place of traditional Pt catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Liu
- School of Physics and Information Engineering, Shanxi Normal University, No.339 Taiyu Road, Xiaodian District, Taiyuan 030031, China; (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (P.Z.)
| | - Yajie Zheng
- School of Physics and Information Engineering, Shanxi Normal University, No.339 Taiyu Road, Xiaodian District, Taiyuan 030031, China; (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (P.Z.)
| | - Peiyun Zhang
- School of Physics and Information Engineering, Shanxi Normal University, No.339 Taiyu Road, Xiaodian District, Taiyuan 030031, China; (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (P.Z.)
| | - Junhua Hou
- School of Physics and Information Engineering, Shanxi Normal University, No.339 Taiyu Road, Xiaodian District, Taiyuan 030031, China; (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (P.Z.)
- Extreme Optical Collaborative Innovation Center, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Xiaodian District, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Modern College of Humanities and Sciences, Shanxi Normal University, No.501 Binhe West Road, Yaodu District, Linfen 041000, China
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Li Z, Qu X, Feng Y, Dong L, Yang Y, Lei T, Ren S. Enzymolytic Lignin-Derived N-S Codoped Porous Carbon Nanocomposites as Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reactions. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:7614. [PMID: 38138756 PMCID: PMC10745107 DOI: 10.3390/ma16247614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Currently, the development of nonmetallic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts based on heteroatomic-doped carbon materials is receiving increaseing attention in the field of fuel cells. Here, we used enzymolytic lignin (EL), melamine, and thiourea as carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur sources and NH4Cl as an activator to prepare N- and S-codoped lignin-based polyporous carbon (ELC) by one-step pyrolysis. The prepared lignin-derived biocarbon material (ELC-1-900) possessed a high specific surface area (844 m2 g-1), abundant mesoporous structure, and a large pore volume (0.587 cm3 g-1). The XPS results showed that ELC-1-900 was successfully doped with N and S. ELC-1-900 exhibited extremely high activity and stability in alkaline media for the ORR, with a half-wave potential (E1/2 = 0.88 V) and starting potential (Eonset = 0.98 V) superior to those of Pt/C catalysts and most non-noble-metal catalysts reported in recent studies. In addition, ELC-1-900 showed better ORR stability and methanol tolerance in alkaline media than commercial Pt/C catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Li
- Institute of Urban & Rural Mining, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China; (Z.L.); (X.Q.); (Y.F.); (L.D.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Xia Qu
- Institute of Urban & Rural Mining, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China; (Z.L.); (X.Q.); (Y.F.); (L.D.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Yuwei Feng
- Institute of Urban & Rural Mining, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China; (Z.L.); (X.Q.); (Y.F.); (L.D.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Lili Dong
- Institute of Urban & Rural Mining, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China; (Z.L.); (X.Q.); (Y.F.); (L.D.); (Y.Y.)
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Biomass Green, Safe & High Value Utilization Technology, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Yantao Yang
- Institute of Urban & Rural Mining, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China; (Z.L.); (X.Q.); (Y.F.); (L.D.); (Y.Y.)
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Biomass Green, Safe & High Value Utilization Technology, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Tingzhou Lei
- Institute of Urban & Rural Mining, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China; (Z.L.); (X.Q.); (Y.F.); (L.D.); (Y.Y.)
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Biomass Green, Safe & High Value Utilization Technology, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Suxia Ren
- Institute of Urban & Rural Mining, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China; (Z.L.); (X.Q.); (Y.F.); (L.D.); (Y.Y.)
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Biomass Green, Safe & High Value Utilization Technology, Changzhou 213164, China
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Du Y, Liu Y, Wang A, Kong J. Research progress and future perspectives on electromagnetic wave absorption of fibrous materials. iScience 2023; 26:107873. [PMID: 37817934 PMCID: PMC10561061 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Electromagnetic waves have caused great harm to military safety, high-frequency electronic components, and precision instruments, and so forth, which urgently requires the development of lightweight, high-efficiency, broadband electromagnetic waves (EMW) absorbing materials for protection. As the basic fibrous materials, carbon fibers (CFs) and SiC fibers (SiCf) have been widely applied in EMW absorption due to their intrinsic characteristics of low density, high mechanical properties, high conductivity, and dielectric loss mechanism. Nevertheless, it has remained a great challenge to develop lightweight EMW-absorbing fibrous materials with strong absorption capability and broad frequency range. In this review, the fundamental electromagnetic attenuation mechanisms are firstly introduced. Furthermore, the preparation, structure, morphology, and absorbing performance of CFs and SiCf-based EMW absorbing composites are summarized. In addition, prospective research opportunities are highlighted toward the development of fibrous absorbing materials with the excellent absorption performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhang Du
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Yichen Liu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Aoao Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Jie Kong
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
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Xue W, Zhou Q, Cui X, Zhang J, Zuo S, Mo F, Jiang J, Zhu X, Lin Z. Atomically Dispersed FeN 2 P 2 Motif with High Activity and Stability for Oxygen Reduction Reaction Over the Entire pH Range. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202307504. [PMID: 37345265 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202307504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
The past decade has witnessed the great potential of Fe-based single-atom electrocatalysis in catalyzing oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). However, it remains a grand challenge to substantially improve their intrinsic activity and long-term stability in acidic electrolytes. Herein, we report a facile chemical vapor deposition strategy, by which high-density Fe atoms (3.97 wt%) are coordinated with square-planar para-positioned nitrogen and phosphorus atoms in a hierarchical carbon framework. The as-crafted atomically dispersed Fe catalyst (denoted Fe-SA/PNC) manifests an outstanding activity towards ORR over the entire pH range. Specifically, the half-wave potential of 0.92 V, 0.83 V, and 0.86 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) are attained in alkaline, neutral, and acidic electrolytes, respectively, representing the high performance among reported catalysts to date. Furthermore, after 30,000 durability cycles, the Fe-SA/PNC remains to be stable with no visible performance decay when tested in 0.1 M KOH and 0.5 M H2 SO4 , and only a minor negative shift of 40 mV detected in 0.1 M HClO4 , significantly outperforming commercial Pt/C counterpart. The coordination motif of Fe-SA/PNC is validated by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. This work provides atomic-level insight into improving the activity and stability of non-noble metal ORR catalysts, opening up an avenue to craft the desired single-atom electrocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendan Xue
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Qixing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Xun Cui
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Jiawei Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Sijin Zuo
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Fan Mo
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Jiwei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Xuya Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqun Lin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
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6
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Guo LY, Li JF, Lu ZW, Zhang J, He CT. Biomass-Derived Carbon-Based Multicomponent Integration Catalysts for Electrochemical Water Splitting. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202300214. [PMID: 37148161 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202300214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Electrocatalytic water splitting powered by sustainable electricity is a crucial approach for the development of new generation green hydrogen technology. Biomass materials are abundant and renewable, and the application of catalysis can increase the value of some biomass waste and turn waste into fortune. Converting economical and resource-rich biomass into carbon-based multicomponent integrated catalysts (MICs) has been considered as one of the most promising ways to obtain inexpensive, renewable and sustainable electrocatalysts in recent years. In this review, recent advances in biomass-derived carbon-based MICs towards electrocatalytic water splitting are summarized, and the existing issues and key aspects in the development of these electrocatalysts are also discussed and prospected. The application of biomass-derived carbon-based materials will bring some new opportunities in the fields of energy, environment, and catalysis, as well as promote the commercialization of new nanocatalysts in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Yao Guo
- Key Lab of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Feng Li
- Key Lab of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, P. R. China
| | - Zi-Wei Lu
- Key Lab of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, P. R. China
| | - Jia Zhang
- Key Lab of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, P. R. China
| | - Chun-Ting He
- Key Lab of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, P. R. China
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Dobele G, Plavniece A, Volperts A, Zhurinsh A, Upskuviene D, Balciunaite A, Jasulaitiene V, Niaura G, Talaikis M, Tamasauskaite-Tamasiunaite L, Norkus E, Kvello J, Colmenares-Rausseo LC. Effect of Pretreatment on the Nitrogen Doped Activated Carbon Materials Activity towards Oxygen Reduction Reaction. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:6005. [PMID: 37687695 PMCID: PMC10488859 DOI: 10.3390/ma16176005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen-doped activated carbons with controlled micro- and mesoporosity were obtained from wood and wastes via chemical processing using pre-treatment (pyrolysis at 500 °C and hydrothermally carbonization at 250 °C) and evaluated as oxygen reduction catalysts for further application in fuel cells. The elemental and chemical composition, structure and porosity, and types of nitrogen bonds of obtained catalyst materials were studied. The catalytic activity was evaluated in an alkaline medium using the rotating disk electrode method. It was shown that an increase in the volume of mesopores in the porous structure of a carbon catalyst promotes the diffusion of reagents and the reactions proceed more efficiently. The competitiveness of the obtained carbon materials compared to Pt/C for the reaction of catalytic oxygen reduction is shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galina Dobele
- Latvian State Institute of Wood Chemistry, Dzerbene Str. 27, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia; (G.D.); (A.V.); (A.Z.)
| | - Ance Plavniece
- Latvian State Institute of Wood Chemistry, Dzerbene Str. 27, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia; (G.D.); (A.V.); (A.Z.)
| | - Aleksandrs Volperts
- Latvian State Institute of Wood Chemistry, Dzerbene Str. 27, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia; (G.D.); (A.V.); (A.Z.)
| | - Aivars Zhurinsh
- Latvian State Institute of Wood Chemistry, Dzerbene Str. 27, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia; (G.D.); (A.V.); (A.Z.)
| | - Daina Upskuviene
- Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio Ave. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (D.U.); (A.B.); (V.J.); (G.N.); (M.T.); (L.T.-T.)
| | - Aldona Balciunaite
- Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio Ave. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (D.U.); (A.B.); (V.J.); (G.N.); (M.T.); (L.T.-T.)
| | - Vitalija Jasulaitiene
- Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio Ave. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (D.U.); (A.B.); (V.J.); (G.N.); (M.T.); (L.T.-T.)
| | - Gediminas Niaura
- Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio Ave. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (D.U.); (A.B.); (V.J.); (G.N.); (M.T.); (L.T.-T.)
| | - Martynas Talaikis
- Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio Ave. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (D.U.); (A.B.); (V.J.); (G.N.); (M.T.); (L.T.-T.)
| | - Loreta Tamasauskaite-Tamasiunaite
- Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio Ave. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (D.U.); (A.B.); (V.J.); (G.N.); (M.T.); (L.T.-T.)
| | - Eugenijus Norkus
- Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio Ave. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (D.U.); (A.B.); (V.J.); (G.N.); (M.T.); (L.T.-T.)
| | - Jannicke Kvello
- SINTEF Industry, Batteries and Hydrogen Technologies, Strindvegen 4, NO-7465 Trondheim, Norway; (J.K.); (L.C.C.-R.)
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Rupar J, Hrnjić A, Uskoković-Marković S, Bajuk-Bogdanović D, Milojević-Rakić M, Gavrilov N, Janošević Ležaić A. Electrochemical Crosslinking of Alginate-Towards Doped Carbons for Oxygen Reduction. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3169. [PMID: 37571062 PMCID: PMC10421516 DOI: 10.3390/polym15153169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrochemical crosslinking of alginate strands by in situ iron oxidation was explored using a potentiostatic regime. Carbon-based materials co-doped with iron, nitrogen, and/or sulfur were prepared via electrolyte composition variation with a nitrogen-rich compound (rivanol) or through post-treatments with sodium sulfide. Nanometer-sized iron particles were confirmed by transmission and field emission scanning electron microscopy in all samples as a consequence of the homogeneous dispersion of iron in the alginate scaffold and its concomitant growth-limiting effect of alginate chains. Raman spectra confirmed a rise in structural disorder with rivanol/Na2S treatment, which points to more defect sites and edges known to be active sites for oxygen reduction. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra confirmed the presence of different iron, nitrogen, and sulfur species, with a marked difference between Na2S treated/untreated samples. The most positive onset potential (-0.26 V vs. saturated calomel electrode, SCE) was evidenced for the sample co-doped with N, S, and Fe, surpassing the activity of those with single and/or double doping. The mechanism of oxygen reduction in 0.1 M KOH was dominated by the 2e- reduction pathway at low overpotentials and shifted towards complete 4e- reduction at the most negative explored values. The presented results put forward electrochemically formed alginate gels functionalized by homogeneously dispersed multivalent cations as an excellent starting point in nanomaterial design and engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Rupar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia; (J.R.); (S.U.-M.); (A.J.L.)
| | - Armin Hrnjić
- Laboratory for Electrocatalysis, Department for Materials Chemistry, National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana, SI-1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | | | - Danica Bajuk-Bogdanović
- Faculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.B.-B.); (M.M.-R.)
| | - Maja Milojević-Rakić
- Faculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.B.-B.); (M.M.-R.)
| | - Nemanja Gavrilov
- Faculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.B.-B.); (M.M.-R.)
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Chen Z, Qi H, Wang H, Yue C, Liu Y, Yang Z, Pu M, Lei M. The rational design of high-performance graphene-based single-atom electrocatalysts for the ORR using machine learning. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023. [PMID: 37409650 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp01224g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
In this work, high-performance two-dimensional (2D) graphene-based single-atom electrocatalysts (ZZ/ZA-MNxCy) for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) were screened out using machine learning (ML). A model was built for the fast prediction of electrocatalysts and two descriptors valence electron correction (VEc) and degree of construction differences (DC) were proposed to improve the accuracy of the model prediction. Two evaluation criteria, high-performance catalyst retention rate rR and high-performance catalyst occupancy rate rO, were proposed to evaluate the accuracy of ML models in high-performance catalyst screening. The addition of VEc and DC in the model could change the mean absolute error (MAEtest) of the test set, the coefficient of determination (R2test) of the test set, rO, and rR from 0.334 V, 0.683, 0.222, and 0.360 to 0.271 V, 0.774, 0.421, and 0.671, respectively. The partially screened potential high-performance ORR electrocatalysts such as ZZ-CoN4 and ZZ-CoN3C1 were also further investigated using a Density Functional Theory (DFT) method, which confirmed the accuracy of the ML model (MAE = 0.157 V, R2 = 0.821).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Institute of Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Hexiang Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Institute of Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Haohao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Institute of Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Caiwei Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Institute of Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Yangqiu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Institute of Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Zuoyin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Institute of Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Min Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Institute of Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Ming Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Institute of Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
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10
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You X, Hou F, Xie T, Cai A, He H, Li G, Zhang F, Peng W, Fan X, Li Y. Fabrication of superhydrophilic porous carbon materials through a porogen-free method: Surface and structure modification promoting the two-electron oxygen reduction activity. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 639:333-342. [PMID: 36812850 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.02.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Electrochemical manufacture of H2O2 through the two-electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e- ORR), providing prospects of the distributed production of H2O2 in remote regions, is considered a promising alternative to the energy-intensive anthraquinone oxidation process. EXPERIMENTS In this study, one glucose-derived oxygen-enriched porous carbon material (labeled as HGC500) is developed through a porogen-free strategy integrating structural and active site modification. FINDINGS The superhydrophilic surface and porous structure together promote the mass transfer of reactants and accessibility of active sites in the aqueous reaction, while the abundant CO species (e.g., aldehyde groups) are taken for the main active site to facilitate the 2e- ORR catalytic process. Benefiting from the above merits, the obtained HGC500 possesses superior performance with a selectivity of 92 % and mass activity of 43.6 A gcat-1 at 0.65 V (vs. RHE). Besides, the HGC500 can operate steadily for 12 h with the accumulation of H2O2 reaching up to 4090±71 ppm and a Faradic efficiency of 95 %. The H2O2 generated from the electrocatalytic process in 3 h can degrade a variety of organic pollutants (10 ppm) in 4-20 min, displaying the potential in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu You
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Hou
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianzhu Xie
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - An Cai
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongwei He
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Guozhu Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fengbao Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenchao Peng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China; Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, People's Republic of China; Institute of Shaoxing, Tianjin University, Zhejiang 312300, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobin Fan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China; Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, People's Republic of China; Institute of Shaoxing, Tianjin University, Zhejiang 312300, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China; Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, People's Republic of China; Institute of Shaoxing, Tianjin University, Zhejiang 312300, People's Republic of China.
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11
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He H, Zhang R, Zhang P, Wang P, Chen N, Qian B, Zhang L, Yu J, Dai B. Functional Carbon from Nature: Biomass-Derived Carbon Materials and the Recent Progress of Their Applications. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2205557. [PMID: 36988448 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202205557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Biomass is considered as a promising source to fabricate functional carbon materials for its sustainability, low cost, and high carbon content. Biomass-derived-carbon materials (BCMs) have been a thriving research field. Novel structures, diverse synthesis methods, and versatile applications of BCMs have been reported. However, there has been no recent review of the numerous studies of different aspects of BCMs-related research. Therefore, this paper presents a comprehensive review that summarizes the progress of BCMs related research. Herein, typical types of biomass used to prepare BCMs are introduced. Variable structures of BCMs are summarized as the performance and properties of BCMs are closely related to their structures. Representative synthesis strategies, including both their merits and drawbacks are reviewed comprehensively. Moreover, the influence of synthetic conditions on the structure of as-prepared carbon products is discussed, providing important information for the rational design of the fabrication process of BCMs. Recent progress in versatile applications of BCMs based on their morphologies and physicochemical properties is reported. Finally, the remaining challenges of BCMs, are highlighted. Overall, this review provides a valuable overview of current knowledge and recent progress of BCMs, and it outlines directions for future research development of BCMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhe He
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
- Energy & Environment Research Center, Monash Suzhou Research Institute, Suzhou Industry Park, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Ruoqun Zhang
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
- Energy & Environment Research Center, Monash Suzhou Research Institute, Suzhou Industry Park, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Pengcheng Zhang
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
- Energy & Environment Research Center, Monash Suzhou Research Institute, Suzhou Industry Park, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Ping Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Ning Chen
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Binbin Qian
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
- Energy & Environment Research Center, Monash Suzhou Research Institute, Suzhou Industry Park, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Lian Zhang
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Jianglong Yu
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
- Energy & Environment Research Center, Monash Suzhou Research Institute, Suzhou Industry Park, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Baiqian Dai
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
- Energy & Environment Research Center, Monash Suzhou Research Institute, Suzhou Industry Park, Suzhou, 215123, China
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12
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Fu S, Li M, Asperti S, de Jong W, Kortlever R. Unravelling the Effect of Activators used in The Synthesis of Biomass-Derived Carbon Electrocatalysts on the Electrocatalytic Performance for CO 2 Reduction. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202202188. [PMID: 36718877 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202202188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
N-doped carbon materials can be efficient and cost-effective catalysts for the electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2 RR). Activators are often used in the synthesis process to increase the specific surface area and porosity of these carbon materials. However, owing to the diversity of activators and the differences in physicochemical properties that these activators induce, the influence of activators used for the synthesis of N-doped carbon catalysts on their electrochemical performance is unclear. In this study, a series of bagasse-derived N-doped carbon catalysts is prepared with the assistance of different activators to understand the correlation between activators, physicochemical properties, and electrocatalytic performance for the CO2 RR. The properties of N-doped carbon catalysts, such as N-doping content, microstructure, and degree of graphitization, are found to be highly dependent on the type of activator applied in the synthesis procedure. Moreover, the overall CO2 RR performance of the synthesized electrocatalysts is not determined only by the N-doping level and the configuration of the N-dopant, but rather by the overall surface chemistry, where the porosity and the degree of graphitization are jointly responsible for significant differences in CO2 RR performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilong Fu
- Process & Energy Department, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Leeghwaterstraat 39, 2628 CB, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Ming Li
- Process & Energy Department, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Leeghwaterstraat 39, 2628 CB, Delft, The Netherlands
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2628 HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Simone Asperti
- Process & Energy Department, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Leeghwaterstraat 39, 2628 CB, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Wiebren de Jong
- Process & Energy Department, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Leeghwaterstraat 39, 2628 CB, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Ruud Kortlever
- Process & Energy Department, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Leeghwaterstraat 39, 2628 CB, Delft, The Netherlands
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13
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Mares-Briones F, Higareda A, Lopez-Miranda JL, Mendoza-Cruz R, Esparza R. Bimetallic AgPt Nanoalloys as an Electrocatalyst for Ethanol Oxidation Reaction: Synthesis, Structural Analysis, and Electro-Catalytic Activity. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1396. [PMID: 37110981 PMCID: PMC10145194 DOI: 10.3390/nano13081396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, the chemical synthesis of AgPt nanoalloys is reported by the polyol method using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as a surfactant and a heterogeneous nucleation approach. Nanoparticles with different atomic compositions of the Ag and Pt elements (1:1 and 1:3) were synthesized by adjusting the molar ratios of the precursors. The physicochemical and microstructural characterization was initially performed using the UV-Vis technique to determine the presence of nanoparticles in suspension. Then, the morphology, size, and atomic structure were determined using XRD, SEM, and HAADF-STEM techniques, confirming the formation of a well-defined crystalline structure and homogeneous nanoalloy with an average particle size of less than 10 nm. Finally, the cyclic voltammetry technique evaluated the electrochemical activity of bimetallic AgPt nanoparticles supported on Vulcan XC-72 carbon for the ethanol oxidation reaction in an alkaline medium. Chronoamperometry and accelerated electrochemical degradation tests were performed to determine their stability and long-term durability. The synthesized AgPt (1:3)/C electrocatalyst presented significative catalytic activity and superior durability due to the introduction of Ag that weakens the chemisorption of the carbonaceous species. Thus, it could be an attractive candidate for cost-effective ethanol oxidation compared to commercial Pt/C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Mares-Briones
- Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Boulevard Juriquilla 3001, Santiago de Querétaro 76230, Qro., Mexico; (F.M.-B.); (J.L.L.-M.)
| | - América Higareda
- Unidad de Energía Renovable, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán A.C., Carretera Sierra Papacal-Chuburná Puerto, Km 5, Sierra Papacal, Mérida 97302, Yuc., Mexico;
| | - Jose Luis Lopez-Miranda
- Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Boulevard Juriquilla 3001, Santiago de Querétaro 76230, Qro., Mexico; (F.M.-B.); (J.L.L.-M.)
| | - Rubén Mendoza-Cruz
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior S/N, Circuito de la Investigación Científica, C.U., Ciudad de México 04510, CDMX, Mexico;
| | - Rodrigo Esparza
- Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Boulevard Juriquilla 3001, Santiago de Querétaro 76230, Qro., Mexico; (F.M.-B.); (J.L.L.-M.)
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14
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Shen M, Yang H, Liu Q, Wang Q, Liu J, Qi J, Xu X, Zhu J, Zhang L, Ni Y. Competitive Coordination-Oriented Monodispersed Cobalt Sites on a N-Rich Porous Carbon Microsphere Catalyst for High-Performance Zn-Air Batteries. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1330. [PMID: 37110915 PMCID: PMC10142557 DOI: 10.3390/nano13081330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Metal/nitrogen-doped carbon single-atom catalysts (M-N-C SACs) show excellent catalytic performance with a maximum atom utilization and customizable tunable electronic structure. However, precisely modulating the M-Nx coordination in M-N-C SACs remains a grand challenge. Here, we used a N-rich nucleobase coordination self-assembly strategy to precisely regulate the dispersion of metal atoms by controlling the metal ratio. Meanwhile, the elimination of Zn during pyrolysis produced porous carbon microspheres with a specific surface area of up to 1151 m2 g-1, allowing maximum exposure of Co-N4 sites and facilitating charge transport in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) process. Thereby, the monodispersed cobalt sites (Co-N4) in N-rich (18.49 at%) porous carbon microspheres (CoSA/N-PCMS) displayed excellent ORR activity under alkaline conditions. Simultaneously, the Zn-air battery (ZAB) assembled with CoSA/N-PCMS outperformed Pt/C+RuO2-based ZABs in terms of power density and capacity, proving that they have good prospects for practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxia Shen
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Key Laboratory of Auxiliary Chemistry and Technology for Chemical Industry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Industrial Auxiliary Chemistry and Technology, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
- State Key Laboratory of Material-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Hao Yang
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Key Laboratory of Auxiliary Chemistry and Technology for Chemical Industry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Industrial Auxiliary Chemistry and Technology, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
| | - Qingqing Liu
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Key Laboratory of Auxiliary Chemistry and Technology for Chemical Industry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Industrial Auxiliary Chemistry and Technology, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
| | - Qianyu Wang
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Key Laboratory of Auxiliary Chemistry and Technology for Chemical Industry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Industrial Auxiliary Chemistry and Technology, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
| | - Jun Liu
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Key Laboratory of Auxiliary Chemistry and Technology for Chemical Industry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Industrial Auxiliary Chemistry and Technology, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
| | - Jiale Qi
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Key Laboratory of Auxiliary Chemistry and Technology for Chemical Industry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Industrial Auxiliary Chemistry and Technology, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
| | - Xinyu Xu
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Key Laboratory of Auxiliary Chemistry and Technology for Chemical Industry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Industrial Auxiliary Chemistry and Technology, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
| | - Jiahua Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Material-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Lilong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Material-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Yonghao Ni
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB E3B 5A3, Canada
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA
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15
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Sun J, Wang Z, Xu Y, Zhang T, Zhu D, Li G, Liu H. Cobalt Nanoparticles Anchored on N-Doped Porous Carbon Derived from Yeast for Enhanced Electrocatalytic Oxygen Reduction Reaction. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202201964. [PMID: 36594829 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202201964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Biomass-derived carbon materials have received extensive attention for use in high-performance electrocatalysts. In this study, a highly efficient electrocatalyst is developed with Co nanoparticles anchored on N-doped porous carbon material (CoNC) by using yeast as a biomass precursor through a facial activation and pyrolysis process. CoNC exhibits comparable catalytic activity with commercial 20 % Pt/C for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) with a half-wave potential of 0.854 V. A home-made primary Zn-air battery exhibited an open circuit potential of 1.45 V and a peak power density of 188 mW cm-2 . Moreover, the discharge voltage of the primary battery maintained at a stable value up to 9 days. The enhanced performance of CoNC was probably ascribed to its high content of pyridinic-N and graphitic-N species, extra Co loading and porous structure, which provided sufficient active sites and channels to promote mass/electron transfer for ORR. This work provides a promising strategy to develop an efficient non-noble metal carbon-based electrocatalyst for fuel cells and metal-air batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiankang Sun
- Key laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Zhengyun Wang
- Key laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - You Xu
- Key laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Tiansui Zhang
- Key laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Deyu Zhu
- Key laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Guangfang Li
- Key laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, P. R. China
- Shenzhen Huazhong University of Science and Technology Research Institute, 518000, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Hongfang Liu
- Key laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, P. R. China
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16
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Testa D, Zuccante G, Muhyuddin M, Landone R, Scommegna A, Lorenzi R, Acciarri M, Petri E, Soavi F, Poggini L, Capozzoli L, Lavacchi A, Lamanna N, Franzetti A, Zoia L, Santoro C. Giving New Life to Waste Cigarette Butts: Transformation into Platinum Group Metal-Free Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Acid, Neutral and Alkaline Environment. Catalysts 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/catal13030635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Following the core theme of a circular economy, a novel strategy to upcycle cigarette butt waste into platinum group metal (PGM)-free metal nitrogen carbon (M-N-C) electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is presented. The experimental route was composed of (i) the transformation of the powdered cigarette butts into carbonaceous char via pyrolysis at 450 °C, 600 °C, 750 °C and 900 °C, (ii) the porosity activation with KOH and (iii) the functionalization of the activated chars with iron (II) phthalocyanine (FePc). The electrochemical outcomes obtained by the rotating disk electrode (RRDE) technique revealed that the sample pyrolyzed at 450 °C (i.e., cig_450) outperformed the other counterparts with its highest onset (Eon) and half-wave potentials (E1/2) and demonstrated nearly tetra-electronic ORR in acidic, neutral and alkaline electrolytes, all resulting from the optimal surface chemistry and textural properties.
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17
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Barrio J, Pedersen A, Favero S, Luo H, Wang M, Sarma SC, Feng J, Ngoc LTT, Kellner S, Li AY, Jorge Sobrido AB, Titirici MM. Bioinspired and Bioderived Aqueous Electrocatalysis. Chem Rev 2023; 123:2311-2348. [PMID: 36354420 PMCID: PMC9999430 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The development of efficient and sustainable electrochemical systems able to provide clean-energy fuels and chemicals is one of the main current challenges of materials science and engineering. Over the last decades, significant advances have been made in the development of robust electrocatalysts for different reactions, with fundamental insights from both computational and experimental work. Some of the most promising systems in the literature are based on expensive and scarce platinum-group metals; however, natural enzymes show the highest per-site catalytic activities, while their active sites are based exclusively on earth-abundant metals. Additionally, natural biomass provides a valuable feedstock for producing advanced carbonaceous materials with porous hierarchical structures. Utilizing resources and design inspiration from nature can help create more sustainable and cost-effective strategies for manufacturing cost-effective, sustainable, and robust electrochemical materials and devices. This review spans from materials to device engineering; we initially discuss the design of carbon-based materials with bioinspired features (such as enzyme active sites), the utilization of biomass resources to construct tailored carbon materials, and their activity in aqueous electrocatalysis for water splitting, oxygen reduction, and CO2 reduction. We then delve in the applicability of bioinspired features in electrochemical devices, such as the engineering of bioinspired mass transport and electrode interfaces. Finally, we address remaining challenges, such as the stability of bioinspired active sites or the activity of metal-free carbon materials, and discuss new potential research directions that can open the gates to the implementation of bioinspired sustainable materials in electrochemical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Barrio
- Department of Materials, Royal School of Mines, Imperial College London, LondonSW7 2AZ, England, U.K.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, LondonSW7 2AZ, England, U.K
| | - Angus Pedersen
- Department of Materials, Royal School of Mines, Imperial College London, LondonSW7 2AZ, England, U.K.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, LondonSW7 2AZ, England, U.K
| | - Silvia Favero
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, LondonSW7 2AZ, England, U.K
| | - Hui Luo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, LondonSW7 2AZ, England, U.K
| | - Mengnan Wang
- Department of Materials, Royal School of Mines, Imperial College London, LondonSW7 2AZ, England, U.K.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, LondonSW7 2AZ, England, U.K
| | - Saurav Ch Sarma
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, LondonSW7 2AZ, England, U.K
| | - Jingyu Feng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, LondonSW7 2AZ, England, U.K.,School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, LondonE1 4NS, England, U.K
| | - Linh Tran Thi Ngoc
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, LondonSW7 2AZ, England, U.K.,School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, LondonE1 4NS, England, U.K
| | - Simon Kellner
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, LondonSW7 2AZ, England, U.K
| | - Alain You Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, LondonSW7 2AZ, England, U.K
| | - Ana Belén Jorge Sobrido
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, LondonE1 4NS, England, U.K
| | - Maria-Magdalena Titirici
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, LondonSW7 2AZ, England, U.K.,Advanced Institute for Materials Research (WPI-AIMR), Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aobaku, Sendai, Miyagi980-8577, Japan
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18
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Al-Ghamdi S, Darwish A, Hamdallah TA, Pasha A, Elnair ME, Al-Atawi A, Khasim S. Biological Synthesis of Novel Carbon Quantum Dots Using Halimeda Opuntia Green Algae with Improved Optical Properties and Electrochemical Performance for Possible Energy Storage Applications. INT J ELECTROCHEM SC 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoes.2023.100102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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19
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High-Efficiency Oxygen Reduction Reaction Revived from Walnut Shell. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052072. [PMID: 36903323 PMCID: PMC10003918 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of inexpensive and efficient electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reactions (ORR) remains a challenge with respect to renewable energy technologies. In this research, a porous, nitrogen-doped ORR catalyst is prepared using the hydrothermal method and pyrolysis with walnut shell as a biomass precursor and urea as a nitrogen source. Unlike past research, in this study, urea is not directly doped; instead, a new type of doping is carried out after annealing at 550 °C. In addition, the sample's morphology and structure are analyzed and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). A CHI 760E electrochemical workstation is used to test NSCL-900's performance in terms of oxygen reduction electrocatalysis (ORR). It has been found that the catalytic performance of NSCL-900 is significantly improved compared with that of NS-900 without urea doping. In a 0.1 mol/L KOH electrolyte, the half-wave potential can reach 0.86 V (vs. RHE) and the initial potential is 1.00 V (vs. RHE). The catalytic process is close to four-electron transfer and there are large quantities of pyridine nitrogen and pyrrole nitrogen.
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20
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Pd Oxide Nanoparticles enhanced Biomass Driven N-doped Carbon for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction. Chem Phys Lett 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2023.140372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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21
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Wang J, Zhang B, Guo W, Wang L, Chen J, Pan H, Sun W. Toward Electrocatalytic Methanol Oxidation Reaction: Longstanding Debates and Emerging Catalysts. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2211099. [PMID: 36706444 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202211099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The study of direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) has lasted around 70 years, since the first investigation in the early 1950s. Though enormous effort has been devoted in this field, it is still far from commercialization. The methanol oxidation reaction (MOR), as a semi-reaction of DMFCs, is the bottleneck reaction that restricts the overall performance of DMFCs. To date, there has been intense debate on the complex six-electron reaction, but barely any reviews have systematically discussed this topic. To this end, the controversies and progress regarding the electrocatalytic mechanisms, performance evaluations as well as the design science toward MOR electrocatalysts are summarized. This review also provides a comprehensive introduction on the recent development of emerging MOR electrocatalysts with a focus on the innovation of the alloy, core-shell structure, heterostructure, and single-atom catalysts. Finally, perspectives on the future outlook toward study of the mechanisms and design of electrocatalysts are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmei Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Bingxing Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Wei Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Jian Chen
- Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Hongge Pan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
- Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Wenping Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
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22
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Metallic bismuth nanoclusters confined in micropores for efficient electrocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide with long-term stability. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 630:81-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.09.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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23
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Song Z, Jiang W, Jian X, Hu F. Advanced Nanostructured Materials for Electrocatalysis in Lithium-Sulfur Batteries. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:4341. [PMID: 36500964 PMCID: PMC9736453 DOI: 10.3390/nano12234341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are considered as among the most promising electrochemical energy storage devices due to their high theoretical energy density and low cost. However, the inherently complex electrochemical mechanism in Li-S batteries leads to problems such as slow internal reaction kinetics and a severe shuttle effect, which seriously affect the practical application of batteries. Therefore, accelerating the internal electrochemical reactions of Li-S batteries is the key to realize their large-scale applications. This article reviews significant efforts to address the above problems, mainly the catalysis of electrochemical reactions by specific nanostructured materials. Through the rational design of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts (including but not limited to strategies such as single atoms, heterostructures, metal compounds, and small-molecule solvents), the chemical reactivity of Li-S batteries has been effectively improved. Here, the application of nanomaterials in the field of electrocatalysis for Li-S batteries is introduced in detail, and the advancement of nanostructures in Li-S batteries is emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihui Song
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Technology Innovation Center of High Performance Resin Materials (Liaoning Province), Key Laboratory of Energy Materials and Devices (Liaoning Province), Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Wanyuan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Technology Innovation Center of High Performance Resin Materials (Liaoning Province), Key Laboratory of Energy Materials and Devices (Liaoning Province), Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Xigao Jian
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Technology Innovation Center of High Performance Resin Materials (Liaoning Province), Key Laboratory of Energy Materials and Devices (Liaoning Province), Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Technology Innovation Center of High Performance Resin Materials (Liaoning Province), Key Laboratory of Energy Materials and Devices (Liaoning Province), Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Fangyuan Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Technology Innovation Center of High Performance Resin Materials (Liaoning Province), Key Laboratory of Energy Materials and Devices (Liaoning Province), Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
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24
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Gaurav A, Jain A, Tripathi SK. Review on Fluorescent Carbon/Graphene Quantum Dots: Promising Material for Energy Storage and Next-Generation Light-Emitting Diodes. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:ma15227888. [PMID: 36431372 PMCID: PMC9695987 DOI: 10.3390/ma15227888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Carbon/graphene quantum dots are 0D fluorescent carbon materials with sizes ranging from 2 nm to around 50 nm, with some attractive properties and diverse applications. Different synthesis routes, bandgap variation, higher stability, low toxicity with tunable emission, and the variation of physical and chemical properties with change in size have drawn immense attention to its potential application in different optoelectronics-based materials, especially advanced light-emitting diodes and energy storage devices. WLEDs are a strong candidate for the future of solid-state lighting due to their higher luminance and luminous efficiency. High-performance batteries play an important part in terms of energy saving and storage. In this review article, the authors provide a comparative analysis of recent and ongoing advances in synthesis (top-down and bottom-up), properties, and wide applications in different kinds of next-generation light-emitting diodes such as WLEDs, and energy storage devices such as batteries (Li-B, Na-B) and supercapacitors. Furthermore, they discuss the potential applications and progress of carbon dots in battery applications such as electrode materials. The authors also summarise the developmental stages and challenges in the existing field, the state-of-the-art of carbon/graphene quantum dots, and the potential and possible solutions for the same.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Gaurav
- Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Amrita Jain
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5B, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence: (A.J.); (S.K.T.)
| | - Santosh Kumar Tripathi
- Department of Physics, School of Physical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari 845401, Bihar, India
- Correspondence: (A.J.); (S.K.T.)
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25
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Zhang X, Zhang J, Sun Y, Liu X, Li DS. The Effect of Nickel Salt on OMS-2 Nanorods in Oxygen Reduction Reaction. Catal Letters 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-022-04126-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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26
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Preparation of N-doped carbon materials from cellulose:chitosan blends and their potential application in electrocatalytic oxygen reduction. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-022-04429-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractCarbon-based electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) are prepared by a direct pathway including a two-step thermal treatment process applied to porous spheres of natural biopolymer blends. Cellulose blends with chitosan are first thermally treated at moderate temperatures (e.g., 200 °C), then pyrolyzed at elevated temperature (800–1000 °C), both steps under a constant nitrogen flow. By blending of cellulose with chitosan, the nitrogen content in the final carbon-based catalyst can be considerably increased. The influence of the composition of the precursor biopolymer blend on the ORR electrocatalytic activity is analyzed in correlation with the elemental composition and other structural features of the catalyst. The polymer blend containing cellulose:chitosan = 75:25, thermally treated 1 h at 200 °C and pyrolyzed 1 h at 800 °C under nitrogen atmosphere, shows the highest electrocatalytic ORR activity. This is attributed to an increased surface area combined with relatively high nitrogen content and a higher pyridinic/pyrrolic species ratio.
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27
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Zaman S, Wang M, Liu H, Sun F, Yu Y, Shui J, Chen M, Wang H. Carbon-based catalyst supports for oxygen reduction in proton-exchange membrane fuel cells. TRENDS IN CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trechm.2022.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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28
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Recent Progress of Non-Noble Metal Catalysts for Oxygen Electrode in Zn-Air Batteries: A Mini Review. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12080843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) play crucial roles in energy conversion and storage devices. Particularly, the bifunctional ORR/OER catalysts are core components in rechargeable metal–air batteries, which have shown great promise in achieving "carbon emissions peak and carbon neutrality" goals. However, the sluggish ORR and OER kinetics at the oxygen cathode significantly hinder the performance of metal–air batteries. Although noble metal-based catalysts have been widely employed in accelerating the kinetics and improving the bifunctionality, their scarcity and high cost have limited their deployment in the market. In this review, we will discuss the ORR and OER mechanisms, propose the principles for bifunctional electrocatalysts design, and present the recent progress of the state-of-the-art bifunctional catalysts, with the focus on non-noble metal-based materials to replace the noble metal catalysts in Zn–air batteries. The perspectives for the future R&D of bifunctional electrocatalysts will be provided toward high-performance Zn–air batteries at the end of this paper.
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29
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Li W, Wang C, Lu X. Conducting polymers-derived fascinating electrocatalysts for advanced hydrogen and oxygen electrocatalysis. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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30
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Zhang J, Hao Y, Liu J, Xie X, Xu W. Green Crop Yam-Derived Carbons: Off-Plane Active Sites for Oxygen Electroreduction Identified by First-Principles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:30889-30900. [PMID: 35761177 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c07027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plant-derived nonprecious metal catalysts are considered one of the promising candidates of platinum for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). In this work, the typical microscopic morphology of fresh green crop yam is first detected by cryoscanning electronic microscopy. Using the green and widely sourced yam with spherical starch in nature as a precursor, well-defined spherical carbons are prepared via hypersaline-assisted hydrothermal carbonization and NH3activation, featuring a high heteroatom doping level and a hierarchical porous structure. Experimental results and density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that diverse off-plane Fe-Nx-Cy ensembles on the spherical carbons trigger the high performance that exceeds state-of-art Pt/C and most reported carbon catalysts toward ORR in a KOH solution. The increased charge density and the bond length of Fe coordinated in the sites should be responsible for the significantly improved property. The easily editing of off-plane active sites from the simple carbon morphology may shed light on optimizing nonprecious carbons as next-generation catalysts for ORR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Yun Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Jingjun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Xin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Wanli Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
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31
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Bai L, Liu L, Esquivel M, Tardy BL, Huan S, Niu X, Liu S, Yang G, Fan Y, Rojas OJ. Nanochitin: Chemistry, Structure, Assembly, and Applications. Chem Rev 2022; 122:11604-11674. [PMID: 35653785 PMCID: PMC9284562 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Chitin, a fascinating biopolymer found in living organisms, fulfills current demands of availability, sustainability, biocompatibility, biodegradability, functionality, and renewability. A feature of chitin is its ability to structure into hierarchical assemblies, spanning the nano- and macroscales, imparting toughness and resistance (chemical, biological, among others) to multicomponent materials as well as adding adaptability, tunability, and versatility. Retaining the inherent structural characteristics of chitin and its colloidal features in dispersed media has been central to its use, considering it as a building block for the construction of emerging materials. Top-down chitin designs have been reported and differentiate from the traditional molecular-level, bottom-up synthesis and assembly for material development. Such topics are the focus of this Review, which also covers the origins and biological characteristics of chitin and their influence on the morphological and physical-chemical properties. We discuss recent achievements in the isolation, deconstruction, and fractionation of chitin nanostructures of varying axial aspects (nanofibrils and nanorods) along with methods for their modification and assembly into functional materials. We highlight the role of nanochitin in its native architecture and as a component of materials subjected to multiscale interactions, leading to highly dynamic and functional structures. We introduce the most recent advances in the applications of nanochitin-derived materials and industrialization efforts, following green manufacturing principles. Finally, we offer a critical perspective about the adoption of nanochitin in the context of advanced, sustainable materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Bai
- Key
Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology (Ministry
of Education), Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P.R. China
- Bioproducts
Institute, Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Department
of Chemistry, and Department of Wood Science, 2360 East Mall, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Liang Liu
- Jiangsu
Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest
Resources, Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-Based Green Fuel and Chemicals,
College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing
Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, P.R. China
| | - Marianelly Esquivel
- Polymer
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National University of Costa Rica, Heredia 3000, Costa Rica
| | - Blaise L. Tardy
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Siqi Huan
- Key
Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology (Ministry
of Education), Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P.R. China
- Bioproducts
Institute, Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Department
of Chemistry, and Department of Wood Science, 2360 East Mall, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Xun Niu
- Bioproducts
Institute, Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Department
of Chemistry, and Department of Wood Science, 2360 East Mall, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Shouxin Liu
- Key
Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology (Ministry
of Education), Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P.R. China
| | - Guihua Yang
- State
Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of
Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Yimin Fan
- Jiangsu
Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest
Resources, Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-Based Green Fuel and Chemicals,
College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing
Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, P.R. China
| | - Orlando J. Rojas
- Bioproducts
Institute, Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Department
of Chemistry, and Department of Wood Science, 2360 East Mall, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
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32
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Water-regulated and bioinspired one-step pyrolysis of iron-cobalt nanoparticles-capped carbon nanotubes/porous honeycombed nitrogen-doped carbon composite for highly efficient oxygen reduction. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 618:352-361. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.03.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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33
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Panomsuwan G, Hussakan C, Kaewtrakulchai N, Techapiesancharoenkij R, Serizawa A, Ishizaki T, Eiad-Ua A. Nitrogen-doped carbon derived from horse manure biomass as a catalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction. RSC Adv 2022; 12:17481-17489. [PMID: 35765431 PMCID: PMC9194922 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra02079c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A massive amount of animal biomass is generated daily from livestock farms, agriculture, and food industries, causing environmental and ecological problems. The conversion of animal biomass into value-added products has recently gained considerable interest in materials science research. Herein, horse manure (HM) was utilized as a precursor for synthesizing nitrogen-doped carbons (NCs) via hydrothermal ammonia treatment and the post pyrolysis process. The ammonia concentration varied between 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 M in the hydrothermal process. From the comprehensive characterization results, horse manure-derived nitrogen-doped carbons (HMNCs) exhibited an amorphous phase and a hierarchical nanoporous structure. The specific surface area decreased from 170.1 to 66.6 m2 g−1 as the ammonia concentration increased due to micropore deterioration. The nitrogen content was 0.90 atom% even with no ammonia treatment, indicating self-nitrogen doping. With hydrothermal ammonia treatment, the nitrogen content slightly enhanced up to 1.54 atom%. The electrocatalytic activity for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) of HMNCs in an alkaline solution was found to be related to nitrogen doping content and porous structure. The ORR activity of HMNCs mainly proceeded via a combination of two- and four-electron pathways. Although the ORR activity of HMNCs was still not satisfactory and comparable to that of a commercial Pt/carbon catalyst, it showed better long-term durability. The results obtained in this work provide the potential utilization of HM as a precursor for ORR catalysts and other related applications. This work shows the potential utilization of horse manure as a precursor for synthesizing nitrogen-doped carbons for electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Gasidit Panomsuwan
- Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University Bangkok 10900 Thailand .,International Collaborative Education Program for Materials Technology, Education, and Research (ICE-Matter), ASEAN University Network/Southeast Asia Engineering Education Development Network (AUN/SEED-Net), Kasetsart University Bangkok 10900 Thailand.,Special Research Unit for Biomass Conversion Technology for Energy and Environmental Materials, Kasetsart University Bangkok 10900 Thailand
| | - Chadapat Hussakan
- Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University Bangkok 10900 Thailand .,International Collaborative Education Program for Materials Technology, Education, and Research (ICE-Matter), ASEAN University Network/Southeast Asia Engineering Education Development Network (AUN/SEED-Net), Kasetsart University Bangkok 10900 Thailand
| | - Napat Kaewtrakulchai
- Kasetsart Agricultural and Agro-Industrial Product Improvement Institute, Kasetsart University Bangkok 10900 Thailand
| | - Ratchatee Techapiesancharoenkij
- Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University Bangkok 10900 Thailand .,International Collaborative Education Program for Materials Technology, Education, and Research (ICE-Matter), ASEAN University Network/Southeast Asia Engineering Education Development Network (AUN/SEED-Net), Kasetsart University Bangkok 10900 Thailand.,Special Research Unit for Biomass Conversion Technology for Energy and Environmental Materials, Kasetsart University Bangkok 10900 Thailand
| | - Ai Serizawa
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology Tokyo 135-8548 Japan
| | - Takahiro Ishizaki
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology Tokyo 135-8548 Japan
| | - Apiluck Eiad-Ua
- College of Materials Innovation and Technology, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang Bangkok 10520 Thailand
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34
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Xue Y, Yan Q, Bai X, Xu Y, Zhang X, Li Y, Zhu K, Ye K, Yan J, Cao D, Wang G. Ruthenium-nickel-cobalt alloy nanoparticles embedded in hollow carbon microtubes as a bifunctional mosaic catalyst for overall water splitting. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 612:710-721. [PMID: 35032926 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The development of efficient bifunctional catalysts for both hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is essential for reducing the cost of hydrogen production by water splitting. Herein, hollow microtubes composed of RuNi1Co1 alloy nanoparticles uniformly embedded in the carbon matrix (RuNi1Co1@CMT) are prepared through a simple impregnation followed by reduction. Benefiting from the unique mosaic structure and the synergistic effect between Ru and NiCo, RuNi1Co1@CMT achieves more exposed active sites and improved reaction kinetics. As a consequence, RuNi1Co1@CMT exhibits considerable catalytic activities with the overpotentials of 78 mV for HER and 299 mV for OER at 10 mA cm-2 in 1 M KOH. In addition, RuNi1Co1@CMT exhibits excellent stability for up to 30 h in both HER and OER processes at 20 mA cm-2, which is attributed to the protection of the RuNi1Co1 alloy particles by the carbon layer. Furthermore, the assembled RuNi1Co1@CMT || RuNi1Co1@CMT overall water splitting system shows a cell voltage of 1.58 V at 10 mA cm-2. The density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicate that the addition of Ru can optimize the hydrogen adsorption free energy of Ni and Co sites. Finally, a solar panel-driven water splitting device is built, which can realize green and sustainable hydrogen production. The fabrication of RuNi1Co1@CMT provides a new way for the preparation of effective alloy nanomaterials for energy storage and conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqin Xue
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Qing Yan
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, PR China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, PR China; School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, PR China.
| | - Xiaojing Bai
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, Henan 455000, PR China
| | - Yanyan Xu
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Yiju Li
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Kai Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Ke Ye
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Jun Yan
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Dianxue Cao
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Guiling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, PR China.
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35
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Wang L, Guo S, Hu Z, Shen B, Zhou W. Biomass Waste‐Derived Electrocatalyst Constructed with g‐C
3
N
4
as a Multifunctional Template for Efficient Oxygen Reduction Reaction. ChemCatChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202200063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liyan Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollutant Control School of Energy and Environmental Engineering Hebei University of Technology Tianjin 300401 P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 P. R. China
| | - Sheng‐Qi Guo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollutant Control School of Energy and Environmental Engineering Hebei University of Technology Tianjin 300401 P. R. China
| | - Zhenzhong Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollutant Control School of Energy and Environmental Engineering Hebei University of Technology Tianjin 300401 P. R. China
| | - Boxiong Shen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollutant Control School of Energy and Environmental Engineering Hebei University of Technology Tianjin 300401 P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM) State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering College of Chemical Engineering Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 210009 P. R. China
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36
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Jin J, Geng X, Chen Q, Ren TL. A Better Zn-Ion Storage Device: Recent Progress for Zn-Ion Hybrid Supercapacitors. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2022; 14:64. [PMID: 35199258 PMCID: PMC8866629 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-022-00793-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
As a new generation of Zn-ion storage systems, Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors (ZHSCs) garner tremendous interests recently from researchers due to the perfect integration of batteries and supercapacitors. ZHSCs have excellent integration of high energy density and power density, which seamlessly bridges the gap between batteries and supercapacitors, becoming one of the most viable future options for large-scale equipment and portable electronic devices. However, the currently reported two configurations of ZHSCs and corresponding energy storage mechanisms still lack systematic analyses. Herein, this review will be prudently organized from the perspectives of design strategies, electrode configurations, energy storage mechanisms, recent advances in electrode materials, electrolyte behaviors and further applications (micro or flexible devices) of ZHSCs. The synthesis processes and electrochemical properties of well-designed Zn anodes, capacitor-type electrodes and novel Zn-ion battery-type cathodes are comprehensively discussed. Finally, a brief summary and outlook for the further development of ZHSCs are presented as well. This review will provide timely access for researchers to the recent works regarding ZHSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialun Jin
- School of Integrated Circuits and Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangshun Geng
- School of Integrated Circuits and Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Chen
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tian-Ling Ren
- School of Integrated Circuits and Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China.
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37
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Torres Landa SD, Reddy Bogireddy NK, Kaur I, Batra V, Agarwal V. Heavy metal ion detection using green precursor derived carbon dots. iScience 2022; 25:103816. [PMID: 35198881 PMCID: PMC8851085 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.103816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of carbon dots (CDs) for environmental remediation has gained awareness because of the diverse economically viable and environmental friendly green precursors generated from biowastes and biomass compared to the toxic inorganic quantum dots and CDs prepared from chemical precursors. This review presents the recent progress in green CDs, including their synthesis methods and sensing applications for the detection of heavy metal ions such as Iron (III), Mercury (II), Copper (II), Chromium (VI), Lead (II), Arsenic (III), Cobalt (II), Aluminum (III), Silver (I), and Gold (III) which are prominent environmental pollutants. The comparison based on selectivity, sensitivity, quantum yield, detection limit, linear concentration range, and sensing mechanisms are also reported. This review also covers the performance of doped green CDs using heteroatoms, toward the detection of heavy metal ions. Apart from the future perspectives, this review provides a general guide to use such environmental friendly CDs to detect harmful pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simei Darinel Torres Landa
- Center for Research Engineering and Applied Sciences, Autonomous State University of Morelos (CIICAp-UAEM), Av. Univ. 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209, Mexico
| | - Naveen Kumar Reddy Bogireddy
- Center for Research Engineering and Applied Sciences, Autonomous State University of Morelos (CIICAp-UAEM), Av. Univ. 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209, Mexico.,Physics Institute, National Autonomous University of Mexico (IF-UNAM), Distrito Federal C.P. 04510, México
| | - Inderbir Kaur
- Department of Electronics, Bhaskaracharya College of Applied Sciences, University of Delhi, Delhi 110075, India
| | - Vandana Batra
- Department of Physics, Bhaskaracharya College of Applied Sciences, University of Delhi, Delhi 110075, India
| | - Vivechana Agarwal
- Center for Research Engineering and Applied Sciences, Autonomous State University of Morelos (CIICAp-UAEM), Av. Univ. 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209, Mexico
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38
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Metal-Supported Biochar Catalysts for Sustainable Biorefinery, Electrocatalysis and Energy Storage Applications: A Review. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12020207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Biochar (BCH) is a carbon-based bio-material produced from thermochemical conversion of biomass. Several activation or functionalization methods are usually used to improve physicochemical and functional properties of BCHs. In the context of green and sustainable future development, activated and functionalized biochars with abundant surface functional groups and large surface area can act as effective catalysts or catalyst supports for chemical transformation of a range of bioproducts in biorefineries. Above the well-known BCH applications, their use as adsorbents to remove pollutants are the mostly discussed, although their potential as catalysts or catalyst supports for advanced (electro)catalytic processes has not been comprehensively explored. In this review, the production/activation/functionalization of metal-supported biochar (M-BCH) are scrutinized, giving special emphasis to the metal-functionalized biochar-based (electro)catalysts as promising catalysts for bioenergy and bioproducts production. Their performance in the fields of biorefinery processes, and energy storage and conversion as electrode materials for oxygen and hydrogen evolutions, oxygen reduction, and supercapacitors, are also reviewed and discussed.
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Bifunctional Single-Atom Cobalt Electrocatalysts with Dense Active Sites Prepared via a Silica Xerogel Strategy for Rechargeable Zinc–Air Batteries. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12030381. [PMID: 35159726 PMCID: PMC8840332 DOI: 10.3390/nano12030381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The N-doped cobalt-based (Co) bifunctional single atom catalyst (SAC) has emerged as one of the most promising candidates to substitute noble metal-based catalysts for highly efficient bifunctionality. Herein, a facile silica xerogel strategy is elaborately designed to synthesize uniformly dispersed and dense Co-Nx active sites on N-doped highly porous carbon networks (Co-N-C SAC) using economic biomass materials. This strategy promotes the generation of massive mesopores and micropores for substantially improving the formation of Co-Nx moieties and unique network architecture. The Co-N-C SAC electrocatalysts exhibit an excellent bifunctional activity with a potential gap (ΔE) of 0.81 V in alkaline medias, outperforming those of the most highly active bifunctional electrocatalysts. On top of that, Co-N-C SAC also possesses outstanding performance in ZABs with superior power density/specific capacity. This proposed synthetic method will provide a new inspiration for fabricating various high-content SACs for varied applications.
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40
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Muhyuddin M, Filippi J, Zoia L, Bonizzoni S, Lorenzi R, Berretti E, Capozzoli L, Bellini M, Ferrara C, Lavacchi A, Santoro C. Waste Face Surgical Mask Transformation into Crude Oil and Nanostructured Electrocatalysts for Fuel Cells and Electrolyzers. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202102351. [PMID: 34889066 PMCID: PMC9300040 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202102351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
A novel route for the valorization of waste into valuable products was developed. Surgical masks commonly used for COVID 19 protection by stopping aerosol and droplets have been widely used, and their disposal is critical and often not properly pursued. This work intended to transform surgical masks into platinum group metal-free electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) as well as into crude oil. Surgical masks were subjected to controlled-temperature and -atmosphere pyrolysis, and the produced char was then converted into electrocatalysts by functionalizing it with metal phthalocyanine of interest. The electrocatalytic performance characterization towards ORR and HER was carried out highlighting promising activity. At different temperatures, condensable oil fractions were acquired and thoroughly analyzed. Transformation of waste surgical masks into electrocatalysts and crude oil can open new routes for the conversion of waste into valuable products within the core of the circular economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsin Muhyuddin
- Department of Materials ScienceUniversity of Milano-BicoccaU5 Via Cozzi 5520125MilanItaly
| | - Jonathan Filippi
- Istituto di Chimica Dei Composti OrganoMetallici (ICCOM)Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR)Via Madonna Del Piano 1050019Sesto FiorentinoFirenzeItaly
| | - Luca Zoia
- Department of Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of Milano-Bicocca Building U01Piazza della Scienza 120126MilanItaly
| | - Simone Bonizzoni
- Department of Materials ScienceUniversity of Milano-BicoccaU5 Via Cozzi 5520125MilanItaly
| | - Roberto Lorenzi
- Department of Materials ScienceUniversity of Milano-BicoccaU5 Via Cozzi 5520125MilanItaly
| | - Enrico Berretti
- Istituto di Chimica Dei Composti OrganoMetallici (ICCOM)Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR)Via Madonna Del Piano 1050019Sesto FiorentinoFirenzeItaly
| | - Laura Capozzoli
- Istituto di Chimica Dei Composti OrganoMetallici (ICCOM)Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR)Via Madonna Del Piano 1050019Sesto FiorentinoFirenzeItaly
| | - Marco Bellini
- Istituto di Chimica Dei Composti OrganoMetallici (ICCOM)Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR)Via Madonna Del Piano 1050019Sesto FiorentinoFirenzeItaly
| | - Chiara Ferrara
- Department of Materials ScienceUniversity of Milano-BicoccaU5 Via Cozzi 5520125MilanItaly
| | - Alessandro Lavacchi
- Istituto di Chimica Dei Composti OrganoMetallici (ICCOM)Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR)Via Madonna Del Piano 1050019Sesto FiorentinoFirenzeItaly
| | - Carlo Santoro
- Department of Materials ScienceUniversity of Milano-BicoccaU5 Via Cozzi 5520125MilanItaly
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A Freestanding Chitin-Derived Hierarchical Nanocomposite for Developing Electrodes in Future Supercapacitor Industry. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14010195. [PMID: 35012217 PMCID: PMC8747728 DOI: 10.3390/polym14010195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Crustacean cuticles are receiving extensive attention for its potential in developing environmentally friendly and high energy density electrodes for supercapacitor applications. In the current work, the demineralized tergite cuticle of mantis shrimp was employed as a precursor for the fabrication porous biochar. The structural benefits of the cuticle, including the hierarchical nanofiber networks, and the interpenetrating pore systems were maximumly retained, providing a high carbon content and specific surface area scaffold. Graphene oxide sheets were deposited across the biochar through the pore canal systems to further increase the conductivity of the biochar, forming a novel freestanding carbon composite. Throughout the modification process, the material products were examined by a range of methods, which showed desired structural, chemical and functional properties. Our work demonstrates that high performance carbon materials can be manufactured using a simple and green process to realize the great potential in energy storage applications.
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42
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Ghaffarkhah A, Hosseini E, Kamkar M, Sehat AA, Dordanihaghighi S, Allahbakhsh A, van der Kuur C, Arjmand M. Synthesis, Applications, and Prospects of Graphene Quantum Dots: A Comprehensive Review. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2102683. [PMID: 34549513 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202102683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Graphene quantum dot (GQD) is one of the youngest superstars of the carbon family. Since its emergence in 2008, GQD has attracted a great deal of attention due to its unique optoelectrical properties. Non-zero bandgap, the ability to accommodate functional groups and dopants, excellent dispersibility, highly tunable properties, and biocompatibility are among the most important characteristics of GQDs. To date, GQDs have displayed significant momentum in numerous fields such as energy devices, catalysis, sensing, photodynamic and photothermal therapy, drug delivery, and bioimaging. As this field is rapidly evolving, there is a strong need to identify the emerging challenges of GQDs in recent advances, mainly because some novel applications and numerous innovations on the ease of synthesis of GQDs are not systematically reviewed in earlier studies. This feature article provides a comparative and balanced discussion of recent advances in synthesis, properties, and applications of GQDs. Besides, current challenges and future prospects of these emerging carbon-based nanomaterials are also highlighted. The outlook provided in this review points out that the future of GQD research is boundless, particularly if upcoming studies focus on the ease of purification and eco-friendly synthesis along with improving the photoluminescence quantum yield and production yield of GQDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmadreza Ghaffarkhah
- Nanomaterials and Polymer Nanocomposites Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Ehsan Hosseini
- Nanomaterials and Polymer Nanocomposites Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Milad Kamkar
- Nanomaterials and Polymer Nanocomposites Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Ali Akbari Sehat
- Nanomaterials and Polymer Nanocomposites Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Sara Dordanihaghighi
- Nanomaterials and Polymer Nanocomposites Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Ahmad Allahbakhsh
- Department of Materials and Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Colin van der Kuur
- ZEN Graphene Solutions, 210-1205 Amber Dr., Thunder Bay, ON, P7B 6M4, Canada
| | - Mohammad Arjmand
- Nanomaterials and Polymer Nanocomposites Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada
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43
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Bimetallic nitrogen-doped porous carbon derived from ZIF-L&FeTPP@ZIF-8 as electrocatalysis and application for antibiotic wastewater treatment. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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44
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Asefa T, Tang C, Ramírez-Hernández M. Nanostructured Carbon Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversions. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2007136. [PMID: 33856111 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202007136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The growing energy demand worldwide has led to increased use of fossil fuels. This, in turn, is making fossil fuels dwindle faster and cause more negative environmental impacts. Thus, alternative, environmentally friendly energy sources such as fuel cells and electrolyzers are being developed. While significant progress has already been made in this area, such energy systems are still hard to scale up because of their noble metal catalysts. In this concept paper, first, various scalable nanocarbon-based electrocatalysts that are being synthesized for energy conversions in these energy systems are introduced. Next, notable heteroatom-doping and nanostructuring strategies that are applied to produce different nanostructured carbon materials with high electrocatalytic activities for energy conversions are discussed. The concepts used to develop such materials with different structures and large density of dopant-based catalytic functional groups in a sustainable way, and the challenges therein, are emphasized in the discussions. The discussions also include the importance of various analytical, theoretical, and computational methods to probe the relationships between the compositions, structures, dopants, and active catalytic sites in such materials. These studies, coupled with experimental studies, can further guide innovative synthetic routes to efficient nanostructured carbon electrocatalysts for practical, large-scale energy conversion applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tewodros Asefa
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 610 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 98 Brett Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Chaoyun Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 610 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 98 Brett Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
- Hoffmann Institute of Advanced Materials, Shenzhen Polytechnic, 7098 Liuxian Boulevard, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Maricely Ramírez-Hernández
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 98 Brett Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
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45
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Influence of Chemical Activation Temperatures on Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Material Structure, Pore Size Distribution and Oxygen Reduction Reaction Activity. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11121460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of this research was to synthesize activated nitrogen-doped nanocarbons with high specific surface area and adjustable pore size distribution using wood charcoal as a raw material. The resulting carbon materials were tested for possible application as oxygen reduction reaction catalysts in alkaline media. Activated carbons were obtained using a thermochemical activation method with NaOH. Nitrogen was introduced into activated carbons using dicyandiamide solution. It was demonstrated that the content of introduced nitrogen depends on oxygen content in the structure of the activated carbon. The oxygen reduction reaction activity of the activated and nitrogen-doped carbon material was comparable with a commercial 20% Pt/C catalyst. Electrocatalytic properties of the synthesized N-doped wood-derived carbon catalysts may be associated with the highly developed surface area, specific ratio of micro- and mesopores, as well as the high percentage of pyridinic nitrogen.
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46
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Molten-Salt-Assisted Synthesis of Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Nanosheets Derived from Biomass Waste of Gingko Shells as Efficient Catalyst for Oxygen Reduction Reaction. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9122124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Developing superior efficient and durable oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts is critical for high-performance fuel cells and metal–air batteries. Herein, we successfully prepared a 3D, high-level nitrogen-doped, metal-free (N–pC) electrocatalyst employing urea as a single nitrogen source, NaCl as a fully sealed nanoreactor and gingko shells, a biomass waste, as carbon precursor. Due to the high content of active nitrogen groups, large surface area (1133.8 m2 g−1), and 3D hierarchical porous network structure, the as-prepared N–pC has better ORR electrocatalytic performance than the commercial Pt/C and most metal-free carbon materials in alkaline media. Additionally, when N–pC was used as a catalyst for an air electrode, the Zn–air battery (ZAB) had higher peak power density (223 mW cm−2), larger specific-capacity (755 mAh g−1) and better rate-capability than the commercial Pt/C-based one, displaying a good application prospect in metal-air batteries.
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47
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Yang S, Yu Y, Gao X, Zhang Z, Wang F. Recent advances in electrocatalysis with phthalocyanines. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:12985-13011. [PMID: 34751683 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01605e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Applications of phthalocyanines (Pcs) in electrocatalysis-including the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), the carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR), the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER)-have attracted considerable attention recently. Pcs and their derivatives are more attractive than many other macrocycles as electrocatalysts since, although they are structurally related to natural porphyrin complexes, they offer the advantages of low cost, facile synthesis and good chemical stability. Moreover, their high tailorability and structural diversity mean Pcs have great potential for application in electrochemical devices. Here we review the structure and composition of Pcs, methods of synthesis of Pcs and their analogues, as well as applications of Pc-based heterogeneous electrocatalysts. Optimization strategies for Pc-based materials for electrocatalysis of ORR, CO2RR, OER and HER are proposed, based on the mechanisms of the different electrochemical reactions. We also discuss the structure/composition-catalytic activity relationships for different Pc materials and Pc-based electrocatalysts in order to identify future practical applications. Finally, future opportunities and challenges in the use of molecular Pcs and Pc derivatives as electrocatalysts are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoxuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China. .,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Yihuan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China. .,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Xinjin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China. .,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Zhengping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China. .,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China. .,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
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48
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Hu C, Paul R, Dai Q, Dai L. Carbon-based metal-free electrocatalysts: from oxygen reduction to multifunctional electrocatalysis. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:11785-11843. [PMID: 34559871 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00219h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Since the discovery of N-doped carbon nanotubes as the first carbon-based metal-free electrocatalyst (C-MFEC) for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in 2009, C-MFECs have shown multifunctional electrocatalytic activities for many reactions beyond ORR, such as oxygen evolution reaction (OER), hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR), nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR), and hydrogen peroxide production reaction (H2O2PR). Consequently, C-MFECs have attracted a great deal of interest for various applications, including metal-air batteries, water splitting devices, regenerative fuel cells, solar cells, fuel and chemical production, water purification, to mention a few. By altering the electronic configuration and/or modulating their spin angular momentum, both heteroatom(s) doping and structural defects (e.g., atomic vacancy, edge) have been demonstrated to create catalytic active sites in the skeleton of graphitic carbon materials. Although certain C-MFECs have been made to be comparable to or even better than their counterparts based on noble metals, transition metals and/or their hybrids, further research and development are necessary in order to translate C-MFECs for practical applications. In this article, we present a timely and comprehensive, but critical, review on recent advancements in the field of C-MFECs within the past five years or so by discussing various types of electrocatalytic reactions catalyzed by C-MFECs. An emphasis is given to potential applications of C-MFECs for energy conversion and storage. The structure-property relationship for and mechanistic understanding of C-MFECs will also be discussed, along with the current challenges and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuangang Hu
- Australian Carbon Materials Centre (A-CMC), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Rajib Paul
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case School of Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - Quanbin Dai
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case School of Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - Liming Dai
- Australian Carbon Materials Centre (A-CMC), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
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Liu H, Liu Y, Mehdi S, Wu X, Liu T, Zhou B, Zhang P, Jiang J, Li B. Surface Phosphorus-Induced CoO Coupling to Monolithic Carbon for Efficient Air Electrode of Quasi-Solid-State Zn-Air Batteries. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2101314. [PMID: 34369108 PMCID: PMC8498900 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202101314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
One challenge facing the development of air electrodes for Zn-air batteries (ZABs) is the embedment of active sites into carbon, which requires cracks and blends between powder and membrane and results in low energy efficiency during manufacturing and utilization. Herein, a surface phosphorization-monolithic strategy is proposed to embed CoO nanoparticles into paulownia carbon plate (P-CoO@PWC) as monolithic electrodes. Benefiting from the retention of natural transport channels, P-CoO@PWC-2 is conducive to the construction of three-phase interface structure for efficient mass transfer and high electrical conductivity. The electrode exhibits remarkable catalytic activities for both oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) with a small overpotential gap (EOER - EORR = 0.68 V). Density functional theory calculations reveal that the incorporation of P on P-CoO@PWC-2 surface adjusts the electronic structure to promote the dissociation of water and the activation of oxygen, thus inducing catalytic activity. The monolithic P-CoO@PWC-2 electrode for quasi-solid-state or aqueous ZABs has excellent specific power, low charge-discharge voltage gap (0.83 V), and long-term cycling stability (over 700 cycles). This work serves as a new avenue for transforming abundant biomass into high-value energy-related engineering products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Liu
- College of ChemistryZhengzhou University100 Science RoadZhengzhou450001P. R. China
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest ProductsCAFNational Engineering Lab for Biomass Chemical UtilizationKey and Open Lab on Forest Chemical EngineeringSFA16 SuojinwucunNanjing210042P. R. China
| | - Yanyan Liu
- College of ChemistryZhengzhou University100 Science RoadZhengzhou450001P. R. China
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest ProductsCAFNational Engineering Lab for Biomass Chemical UtilizationKey and Open Lab on Forest Chemical EngineeringSFA16 SuojinwucunNanjing210042P. R. China
- College of ScienceHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouHenan450002P. R. China
| | - Sehrish Mehdi
- College of ChemistryZhengzhou University100 Science RoadZhengzhou450001P. R. China
| | - Xianli Wu
- College of ChemistryZhengzhou University100 Science RoadZhengzhou450001P. R. China
| | - Tao Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and NanosafetyNational Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijing100190P. R. China
| | - Benji Zhou
- College of ChemistryZhengzhou University100 Science RoadZhengzhou450001P. R. China
| | - Pengxiang Zhang
- College of ChemistryZhengzhou University100 Science RoadZhengzhou450001P. R. China
| | - Jianchun Jiang
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest ProductsCAFNational Engineering Lab for Biomass Chemical UtilizationKey and Open Lab on Forest Chemical EngineeringSFA16 SuojinwucunNanjing210042P. R. China
| | - Baojun Li
- College of ChemistryZhengzhou University100 Science RoadZhengzhou450001P. R. China
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Muhyuddin M, Mustarelli P, Santoro C. Recent Advances in Waste Plastic Transformation into Valuable Platinum-Group Metal-Free Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction. CHEMSUSCHEM 2021; 14:3785-3800. [PMID: 34288512 PMCID: PMC8519148 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202101252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Plastic waste causes severe environmental hazards, owing to inadequate disposal and limited recycling. Under the framework of circular economy, there are urgent demands to valorize plastic waste more safely and sustainably. Therefore, much scientific interest has been witnessed recently in plastic waste-derived electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), where the plastic waste acts as a cost-effective and easily available precursor for the carbon backbone. The ORR is not only a key efficiency indicator for fuel cells and metal-air batteries but also a major obstacle for their commercial realization. The applicability of the aforementioned electrochemical devices is limited, owing to sluggish ORR activity and expensive platinum-group metal electrocatalysts. However, waste-derived ORR electrocatalysts are emerging as a potential substitute that could be inexpensively fabricated upon the conversion of plastic waste into active materials containing earth-abundant transition metals. In this Minireview, very recent research developments regarding plastic waste-derived ORR electrocatalysts are critically summarized with a prime focus on the followed synthesis routes, physicochemical properties of the derived electrocatalysts, and their ultimate electrochemical performance. Finally, the prospects for the future development of plastic waste-derived electrocatalysts are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsin Muhyuddin
- Department of Material ScienceUniversity of Milano-BicoccaU5 Via Cozzi 5520125MilanItaly
| | - Piercarlo Mustarelli
- Department of Material ScienceUniversity of Milano-BicoccaU5 Via Cozzi 5520125MilanItaly
| | - Carlo Santoro
- Department of Material ScienceUniversity of Milano-BicoccaU5 Via Cozzi 5520125MilanItaly
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