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Zhang S, Ren F, Sun Z, Liu X, Tan Z, Liu W, Chen R, Liu Z, Chen W. Recent Advances in Interface Engineering for Enhanced Open-Circuit Voltage Regulation in Perovskite Solar Cells. SMALL METHODS 2024; 8:e2301223. [PMID: 38204289 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted significant attention due to their excellent photoelectric properties. However, several key performance parameters of these devices still fall short of their theoretical limits. Among these parameters, the regulation of open-circuit voltage (VOC) has been a focal point of intensive research efforts, playing a pivotal role in advancing the efficiency of PSCs. This review first provides an overview of the generation and loss mechanism of VOC. It then discusses the significance of interface engineering in VOC regulation. Recent developments in high-efficiency PSCs realized via interface engineering have been summarized and categorized into three key areas: surface modification, interface structure optimization, and surface dimensional engineering. Finally, a comprehensive summary of past research in this domain and offered insights into the future prospects of enhancing VOC in PSCs is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Zhang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
- China-EU Institute for Clean and Renewable Energy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430073, China
| | - Fumeng Ren
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Zhenxing Sun
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Liu
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Zhengtian Tan
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Wenguang Liu
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Zonghao Liu
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
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Jin Y, Feng H, Fang Z, Zhang H, Yang L, Chen X, Li Y, Deng B, Zhong Y, Zeng Q, Huang J, Weng Y, Yang J, Tian C, Xie L, Zhang J, Wei Z. Efficient and Stable Monolithic Perovskite/Silicon Tandem Solar Cells Enabled by Contact-Resistance-Tunable Indium Tin Oxide Interlayer. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2404010. [PMID: 38935245 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202404010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The imperfect charge behavior at the interfaces of perovskite/electron-transport layer (ETL)/transparent conducting oxide (TCO) limits the further performance improvement of perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells. Herein, an indium tin oxide interlayer is deposited between ETL and TCO to address this issue. Specifically, the interlayer is prepared using an all-physical and H2O-free method, electron-beam evaporation, which can avoid any potential damage to the underlying perovskite and ETL layers. Moreover, the interlayer's composition can be readily tuned by changing the evaporator component, enabling authors to regulate the contact resistance and energy-level alignment of the ETL/TCO interface. Consequently, the resultant perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells exhibit an impressive power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 30.8% (certified 30.3%). Moreover, the device retains 98% of its initial PCE after continuous operation under ambient conditions for 1078 h, representing one of the most stable and efficient perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongbin Jin
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Advanced Manufacturing, Institute of Luminescent Materials and Information Displays, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Huiping Feng
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Advanced Manufacturing, Institute of Luminescent Materials and Information Displays, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Zheng Fang
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Advanced Manufacturing, Institute of Luminescent Materials and Information Displays, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of High Efficiency Solar Cell Equipment and Technology, Gold Stone (Fujian) Energy Company Limited, Quanzhou, 362005, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Advanced Manufacturing, Institute of Luminescent Materials and Information Displays, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Xuelin Chen
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Advanced Manufacturing, Institute of Luminescent Materials and Information Displays, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Yingji Li
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Advanced Manufacturing, Institute of Luminescent Materials and Information Displays, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Bingru Deng
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Advanced Manufacturing, Institute of Luminescent Materials and Information Displays, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Yawen Zhong
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Advanced Manufacturing, Institute of Luminescent Materials and Information Displays, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Qinghua Zeng
- National Engineering Research Center of High Efficiency Solar Cell Equipment and Technology, Gold Stone (Fujian) Energy Company Limited, Quanzhou, 362005, China
| | - Jiarong Huang
- National Engineering Research Center of High Efficiency Solar Cell Equipment and Technology, Gold Stone (Fujian) Energy Company Limited, Quanzhou, 362005, China
| | - Yalian Weng
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Advanced Manufacturing, Institute of Luminescent Materials and Information Displays, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Jinxin Yang
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Advanced Manufacturing, Institute of Luminescent Materials and Information Displays, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Chengbo Tian
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Advanced Manufacturing, Institute of Luminescent Materials and Information Displays, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Liqiang Xie
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Advanced Manufacturing, Institute of Luminescent Materials and Information Displays, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Jinyan Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of High Efficiency Solar Cell Equipment and Technology, Gold Stone (Fujian) Energy Company Limited, Quanzhou, 362005, China
| | - Zhanhua Wei
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Advanced Manufacturing, Institute of Luminescent Materials and Information Displays, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
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Zang L, Zhao C, Hu X, Tao J, Chen S, Chu J. Emerging Trends in Electron Transport Layer Development for Stable and Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2400807. [PMID: 38573941 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202400807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) stand at the forefront of photovoltaic research, with current efficiencies surpassing 26.1%. This review critically examines the role of electron transport materials (ETMs) in enhancing the performance and longevity of PSCs. It presents an integrated overview of recent advancements in ETMs, like TiO2, ZnO, SnO2, fullerenes, non-fullerene polymers, and small molecules. Critical challenges are regulated grain structure, defect passivation techniques, energy level alignment, and interfacial engineering. Furthermore, the review highlights innovative materials that promise to redefine charge transport in PSCs. A detailed comparison of state-of-the-art ETMs elucidates their effectiveness in different perovskite systems. This review endeavors to inform the strategic enhancement and development of n-type electron transport layers (ETLs), delineating a pathway toward the realization of PSCs with superior efficiency and stability for potential commercial deployment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lele Zang
- Engineering Research Center for Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Chunhu Zhao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Neutrality and Intelligent, School of Resource & Environment, Hunan University of Technology and Business, Changsha, 410205, China
| | - Xiaobo Hu
- Engineering Research Center for Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Jiahua Tao
- Engineering Research Center for Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Optics, Chongqing Institute of East China Normal University, Chongqing, 401120, China
| | - Shaoqiang Chen
- Engineering Research Center for Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Junhao Chu
- Engineering Research Center for Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
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Wang S, Qi S, Sun H, Wang P, Zhao Y, Zhang X. Nanoscale Local Contacts Enable Inverted Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells with 20.8 % Efficiency. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202400018. [PMID: 38396209 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202400018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Inorganic perovskite solar cells (IPSCs) have gained significant attention due to their excellent thermal stability and suitable band gap (~1.7 eV) for tandem solar cell applications. However, the defect-induced non-radiative recombination losses, low charge extraction efficiency, energy level mismatches, and so on render the fabrication of high-efficiency inverted IPSCs remains challenging. Here, the use of 3-amino-5-bromopyridine-2-formamide (ABF) in methanol was dynamically spin-coated on the surface of CsPbI2.85Br0.15 film, which facilitates the limited etching of defect-rich subsurface layer, resulting in the formation of vertical PbI2 nanosheet structures. This enabled localized contacts between the perovskite film and the electron transport layer, suppress the recombination of electron-hole and beneficial to electron extraction. Additionally, the C=O and C=N groups in ABF effectively passivated the undercoordinated Pb2+ at grain boundaries and on the surface of CsPbI2.85Br0.15 film. Eventually, we achieved a champion efficiency of 20.80 % (certified efficiency of 20.02 %) for inverted IPSCs with enhanced stability, which is the highest value ever reported to date. Furthermore, we successfully prepared p-i-n type monolithic inorganic perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells (IPSTSCs) with an efficiency of 26.26 %. This strategy provided both fast extraction and efficient passivation at the electron-selective interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanlong Wang
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, National Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials and Solar Cells, Nankai University, Tianjin, China, 300350
| | - Shanshan Qi
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, National Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials and Solar Cells, Nankai University, Tianjin, China, 300350
| | - Hongrui Sun
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, National Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials and Solar Cells, Nankai University, Tianjin, China, 300350
| | - Pengyang Wang
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, National Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials and Solar Cells, Nankai University, Tianjin, China, 300350
| | - Ying Zhao
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, National Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials and Solar Cells, Nankai University, Tianjin, China, 300350
| | - Xiaodan Zhang
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, National Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials and Solar Cells, Nankai University, Tianjin, China, 300350
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Zhao D, Zhang C, Ren J, Li S, Wu Y, Sun Q, Hao Y. Buried Interface Optimization for Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells with High Efficiency and Mechanical Stability. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2308364. [PMID: 38054792 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202308364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
The power conversion efficiency (PCE) and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are significantly reduced by defect-induced charge non-radiative recombination. Also, unexpected residual strain in perovskite films leads to an unfavorable impact on the stability and efficiency of PSCs, notably flexible PSCs (f-PSCs). Considering these problems, a thorough and effective strategy is proposed by incorporating phytic acid (PA) into SnO2 as an electron transport layer (ETL). With the addition of PA, the Sn inherent dangling bonds are passivated effectively and thus enhance the conductivity and electron mobility of SnO2 ETL. Meanwhile, the crystallization quality of perovskite is increased largely. Therefore, the interface/bulk defects are reduced. Besides, the residual strain of perovskite film is significantly reduced and the energy level alignment at the SnO2/perovskite interface becomes more matched. As a result, the champion f-PSC obtains a PCE of 21.08% and rigid PSC obtains a PCE of 21.82%, obviously surpassing the PCE of 18.82% and 19.66% of the corresponding control devices. Notably, the optimized f-PSCs exhibit outstanding mechanical durability, after 5000 cycles of bending with a 5 mm bending radius, the SnO2-PA-based device preserves 80% of the initial PCE, while the SnO2-based device only remains 49% of the initial value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengjie Zhao
- College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
- College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering and Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan, 030000, China
| | - Chenxi Zhang
- College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
- College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering and Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan, 030000, China
| | - Jingkun Ren
- College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
- College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering and Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan, 030000, China
| | - Shiqi Li
- College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
- College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering and Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan, 030000, China
| | - Yukun Wu
- College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
- College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering and Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan, 030000, China
| | - Qinjun Sun
- College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
- College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering and Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan, 030000, China
| | - Yuying Hao
- College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
- College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering and Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan, 030000, China
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Guo M, Pang H, Chen X, Wan P, Xia X, Chen S. Synergy of Front-Surface Energy-Level Gradient and Lattice Anchoring Effect for Enhancing Perovskite Solar Cell Performance. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2307498. [PMID: 38059807 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
A front surface gradient of the absorber valence band can effectively reduce the open-circuit voltage (VOC) loss of perovskite solar cells by suppressing the minority carrier concentration near the front surface. However, the existing method is limited to the one-step fabrication process, resulting in underachieved photon harvesting and power conversion efficiency (PCE). To solve the problem, ZnCd-based alloy quantum dots (QDs) are utilized to create a valence-band-maximum gradient at the front surface of a two-step processed FAPbI3 absorber. This design significantly enhances VOC without requiring surface passivation. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that reducing the QD-perovskite lattice mismatch while maintaining QD's energy levels mitigates nonradiative recombination without compromising the front surface gradient effect. As a result, normal-structured perovskite solar cells achieve a VOC equivalent to 93% of the Schockley-Queisser limit and a PCE of 24.37%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxuan Guo
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-Optoelectronics Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Huimin Pang
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-Optoelectronics Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xingtong Chen
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-Optoelectronics Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Peng Wan
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-Optoelectronics Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xueqing Xia
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-Optoelectronics Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Song Chen
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-Optoelectronics Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
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Zhang D, Hu Z, Vlaic S, Xin C, Pons S, Billot L, Aigouy L, Chen Z. Synergetic Exterior and Interfacial Approaches by Colloidal Carbon Quantum Dots for More Stable Perovskite Solar Cells Against UV. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2401505. [PMID: 38678539 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202401505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The achievement of both efficiency and stability in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) remains a challenging and actively researched topic. In particular, among different environmental factors, ultraviolet (UV) photons play a pivotal role in contributing to device degradation. In this work, by harvesting simultaneously both the optical and the structural properties of bottom-up-synthesized colloidal carbon quantum dots (CQDs), a cost-effective means is provided to circumvent the UV-induced degradation in PSCs without scarification on their power conversion efficiencies (PCEs). By exploring and optimizing the number of CQDs and the different locations/interfaces of the solar cells where CQDs are applied, a synergetic configuration is achieved where the photovoltaic performance drop due to optical loss is completely compensated by the increased perovskite crystallinity due to interfacial modification. As a result, on the optimized configurations where CQDs are applied both on the exterior front side as an optical layer and at the interface between the electron transport layer and the perovskite absorber, unencapsulated PSCs with PCEs >20% are fabricated which can maintain up to ≈94% of their initial PCE after 100 h of degradation in ambient air under continuous UV illumination (5 mW cm-2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongjiu Zhang
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Etude des Matériaux (LPEM), ESPCI Paris, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 8213, 10 Rue Vauquelin, Paris, F-75005, France
| | - Zhelu Hu
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Etude des Matériaux (LPEM), ESPCI Paris, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 8213, 10 Rue Vauquelin, Paris, F-75005, France
| | - Sergio Vlaic
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Etude des Matériaux (LPEM), ESPCI Paris, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 8213, 10 Rue Vauquelin, Paris, F-75005, France
| | - Chenghao Xin
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Etude des Matériaux (LPEM), ESPCI Paris, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 8213, 10 Rue Vauquelin, Paris, F-75005, France
| | - Stéphane Pons
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Etude des Matériaux (LPEM), ESPCI Paris, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 8213, 10 Rue Vauquelin, Paris, F-75005, France
| | - Laurent Billot
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Etude des Matériaux (LPEM), ESPCI Paris, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 8213, 10 Rue Vauquelin, Paris, F-75005, France
| | - Lionel Aigouy
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Etude des Matériaux (LPEM), ESPCI Paris, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 8213, 10 Rue Vauquelin, Paris, F-75005, France
| | - Zhuoying Chen
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Etude des Matériaux (LPEM), ESPCI Paris, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 8213, 10 Rue Vauquelin, Paris, F-75005, France
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Xia CG, Lv HJ, Liu YF, Zhang ZL. Improved Performance and Stability of Quasi-Two-Dimensional Perovskite Solar Cells by Post-treatment with Acetaminophen. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 38427847 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c17529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Recently, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) based on quasi-two-dimensional (quasi-2D) perovskites have drawn more attention due to their excellent stability, although their efficiencies are still lower than those of 3D ones. Here we applied post-treatment of 2D perovskite GAMA5Pb5I16 (GA = guanidinium, MA = methylammonium) films with acetaminophen (AMP) to improve their performance. The efficiency of the solar cells with 2 mg/mL AMP post-treatment increased to 18.01% from 16.72% for those without post-treatment. The efficiency improvement results from the enlarged grain size, reduced trap state density, and better energy level matching after AMP post-treatment. In addition, the stability of the solar cells is improved. The solar cells with AMP post-treatment maintain 91% of the original power conversion efficiency value after aging for 30 days in the atmosphere. This work opens a new approach for the efficiency and stability enhancement of quasi-2D PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Guang Xia
- School of Physics and Electronics, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Hao-Jie Lv
- School of Physics and Electronics, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Yue-Feng Liu
- School of Physics and Electronics, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Zhen-Long Zhang
- School of Physics and Electronics, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of New Energy Materials and Devices of Henan Province, Kaifeng 475004, China
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Chen Q, Hu Y, Lin J, Huang J, Gong SL, Xie G. Phenethylammonium bromide interlayer for high-performance red quantum-dot light emitting diodes. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2024; 9:465-471. [PMID: 38224192 DOI: 10.1039/d3nh00495c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Interfacial modification is vital to boost the performance of colloidal quantum-dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs). We introduce phenethylammonium bromide (PEABr) as an interlayer to reduce the trap states and exciton quenching at the interface between the emitting layer (EML) with CdSe/ZnS quantum-dots and the electron transport layer (ETL) with ZnMgO. The presence of PEABr separates the EML and the ETL and thus passivates the surface traps of ZnMgO. Moreover, the interfacial modification also alleviates electron injection, leading to more improved carrier injection balance. Consequently, the external quantum efficiency of the PEABr-based red QLED reached 27.6%, which outperformed those of the previously reported devices. Our results indicate that the halide ion salts are promising to balance charge carrier injection and reduce exciton quenching in the QLEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyin Chen
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
- The Institute of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yun Hu
- Oxford Suzhou Centre for Advanced Research (OSCAR), University of Oxford, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Jie Lin
- Oxford Suzhou Centre for Advanced Research (OSCAR), University of Oxford, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Jingsong Huang
- Oxford Suzhou Centre for Advanced Research (OSCAR), University of Oxford, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Shu-Ling Gong
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Guohua Xie
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
- The Institute of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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Liu L, Farhadi B, Li J, Liu S, Lu L, Wang H, Du M, Yang L, Bao S, Jiang X, Dong X, Miao Q, Li D, Wang K, Liu SF. Hydrophobic Hydrogen-Bonded Polymer Network for Efficient and Stable Perovskite/Si Tandem Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202317972. [PMID: 38116884 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202317972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
The pursuit of highly efficient and stable wide-band gap (WBG) perovskite solar cells (PSCs), especially for monolithic perovskite/silicon tandem devices, is a key focus in achieving the commercialization of perovskite photovoltaics. In this study, we initially designed poly(ionic liquid)s (PILs) with varying alkyl chain lengths based on density functional theory calculations. Results pinpoint that PILs with longer alkyl chain lengths tend to exhibit more robust binding energy with the perovskite structure. Then we synthesized the PILs to craft a hydrophobic hydrogen-bonded polymer network (HHPN) that passivates the WBG perovskite/electron transport layer interface, inhibits ion migration and serves as a barrier layer against water and oxygen ingression. Accordingly, the HHPN effectively curbs nonradiative recombination losses while facilitating efficient carrier transport, resulting in substantially enhanced open-circuit voltage (Voc ) and fill factor. As a result, the optimized single-junction WBG PSC achieves an impressive efficiency of 23.18 %, with Voc as high as 1.25 V, which is the highest reported for WBG (over 1.67 eV) PSCs. These devices also demonstrate outstanding thermostability and humidity resistance. Notably, this versatile strategy can be extended to textured perovskite/silicon tandem cells, reaching a remarkable efficiency of 28.24 % while maintaining exceptional operational stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Liu
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, Liaoning, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Bita Farhadi
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, Liaoning, China
| | - Jianxun Li
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, Liaoning, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Siyi Liu
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Linfeng Lu
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Minyong Du
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, Liaoning, China
| | - Liyou Yang
- JINNENG Clean Energy Technology LTD, Shanxi Comprehensive Reform Model Area, Jinzhong Area, Shanxi, 030300, China
| | - Shaojuan Bao
- JINNENG Clean Energy Technology LTD, Shanxi Comprehensive Reform Model Area, Jinzhong Area, Shanxi, 030300, China
| | - Xiao Jiang
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, Liaoning, China
| | - Xinrui Dong
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, Liaoning, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Qingqing Miao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Dongdong Li
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, Liaoning, China
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China
- Zhangjiang Laboratory, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, Liaoning, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Shengzhong Frank Liu
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, Liaoning, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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11
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Suo J, Yang B, Mosconi E, Bogachuk D, Doherty TAS, Frohna K, Kubicki DJ, Fu F, Kim Y, Er-Raji O, Zhang T, Baldinelli L, Wagner L, Tiwari AN, Gao F, Hinsch A, Stranks SD, De Angelis F, Hagfeldt A. Multifunctional sulfonium-based treatment for perovskite solar cells with less than 1% efficiency loss over 4,500-h operational stability tests. NATURE ENERGY 2024; 9:172-183. [PMID: 38419691 PMCID: PMC10896729 DOI: 10.1038/s41560-023-01421-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The stabilization of grain boundaries and surfaces of the perovskite layer is critical to extend the durability of perovskite solar cells. Here we introduced a sulfonium-based molecule, dimethylphenethylsulfonium iodide (DMPESI), for the post-deposition treatment of formamidinium lead iodide perovskite films. The treated films show improved stability upon light soaking and remains in the black α phase after two years ageing under ambient condition without encapsulation. The DMPESI-treated perovskite solar cells show less than 1% performance loss after more than 4,500 h at maximum power point tracking, yielding a theoretical T80 of over nine years under continuous 1-sun illumination. The solar cells also display less than 5% power conversion efficiency drops under various ageing conditions, including 100 thermal cycles between 25 °C and 85 °C and an 1,050-h damp heat test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Suo
- Department of Chemistry–Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Laboratory of Photomolecular Science, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, School of Basic Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bowen Yang
- Department of Chemistry–Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Laboratory of Photomolecular Science, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, School of Basic Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Edoardo Mosconi
- Computational Laboratory for Hybrid/Organic Photovoltaics (CLHYO), Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche ‘Giulio Natta’ (CNR-SCITEC), Perugia, Italy
| | - Dmitry Bogachuk
- Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Sustainable Systems Engineering (INATECH), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Solarlab Aiko Europe GmbH, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tiarnan A. S. Doherty
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kyle Frohna
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Dominik J. Kubicki
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
- Present Address: School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK
| | - Fan Fu
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa−Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Duebendorf, Switzerland
| | - YeonJu Kim
- Laboratory of Photomolecular Science, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, School of Basic Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Optoelectronic Nanomaterials, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, School of Basic Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Oussama Er-Raji
- Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Sustainable Systems Engineering (INATECH), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tiankai Zhang
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Lorenzo Baldinelli
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Lukas Wagner
- Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE, Freiburg, Germany
- Physics of Solar Energy Conversion Group, Department of Physics, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Ayodhya N. Tiwari
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa−Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Duebendorf, Switzerland
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Andreas Hinsch
- Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Samuel D. Stranks
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Filippo De Angelis
- Computational Laboratory for Hybrid/Organic Photovoltaics (CLHYO), Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche ‘Giulio Natta’ (CNR-SCITEC), Perugia, Italy
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
- Department of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, College of Sciences and Human Studies, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
- SKKU Institute of Energy Science and Technology (SIEST), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Anders Hagfeldt
- Department of Chemistry–Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Laboratory of Photomolecular Science, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, School of Basic Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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12
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Li X, Zhao C, Li Y, Bao H, Fan L, Lang J, Wei M, Liu H, Yang J, Yang L, Wang F. Managing intermediate phase transition of perovskite film with gearbox-like molecule for efficient and stable solar cells. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 652:2108-2115. [PMID: 37699329 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
The smooth and dense light-absorbing layer is an essential factor in polycrystalline solar cells to achieve high photovoltaic performance, while it remains challenging in perovskite solar cells because of the difficulty balancing the speed of crystal nucleation and growth in a solution way. Here, we explored a perovskite nucleation/growth compatible model via manipulating the intermediate complex induced by n-hexylamine (NHA) molecule, guiding us to adjustments perovskite nucleation and growth process. We found that the NHA can act as a gearbox-like molecule to sequentially reduce the perovskite nucleation barrier, promote the nucleation velocity, and retard the perovskite growth simultaneously to obtain uniform perovskite films; correspondingly, this modulation also yields the buried interface with fewer voids and low defects density. In addition, the hydrophobic NHA with long alkyl chain improves the moisture tolerance of the perovskite. The treated solar cell power conversion efficiency was 21.91 %. Importantly, in ∼ 70 % humidity at 25 °C for 30 days, the efficiency of the device declined less than 5 %, exhibiting a good stability performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Changchun 130103, China
| | - Chenyu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Changchun 130103, China
| | - Yutao Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Changchun 130103, China
| | - Han Bao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Changchun 130103, China
| | - Lin Fan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Changchun 130103, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Physics Education, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China
| | - Jihui Lang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Changchun 130103, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Physics Education, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China.
| | - Maobin Wei
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Changchun 130103, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Physics Education, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China
| | - Huilian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Changchun 130103, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Physics Education, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China
| | - Jinghai Yang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Changchun 130103, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Physics Education, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China
| | - Lili Yang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Changchun 130103, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Physics Education, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China
| | - Fengyou Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Changchun 130103, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Physics Education, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China.
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13
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Mammeri M, Dehimi L, Bencherif H, Amami M, Ezzine S, Pandey R, Hossain MK. Targeting high performance of perovskite solar cells by combining electronic, manufacturing and environmental features in machine learning techniques. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21498. [PMID: 37964826 PMCID: PMC10641223 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
This study employs Machine Learning (ML) techniques to optimize the performance of Perovskite Solar Cells (PSCs) by identifying the ideal materials and properties for high Power Conversion Efficiency (PCE). Utilizing a dataset of 3000 PSC samples from previous experiments, the Random Forest (RF) technique classifies and predicts PCE as the target variable. The dataset includes various features encompassing cell architecture, substrate materials, electron transport layer (ETL) attributes, perovskite characteristics, hole transport layer (HTL) properties, back contact specifics, and encapsulation materials. ML-driven analysis reveals novel, highly efficient PSC configurations, such as Fe2O3/CsPbBrI2/NiO-mp/Carbon, CdS/FAMAPbI3/NiO-C/Au, and PCBM-60/Phen-NaDPO/MAPbI3/asy-PBTBDT/Ag. Additionally, the study investigates the impact of crucial parameters like perovskite bandgap, ETL thickness, thermal annealing temperature, and back contact thickness on device performance. The predictive model exhibits high accuracy (86.4 % R2) and low mean square error (1.3 MSE). Notably, the ML-recommended structure, SnO2/CsFAMAPbBrI/Spiro-OmeTAD/Au, achieves an impressive efficiency of around 23 %. Beyond performance improvements, the research explores the integration of ML into the manufacturing and quality control processes of PSCs. These findings hold promise for enhancing conversion yields, reducing defects, and ensuring consistent PSC performance, contributing to the advancement of this renewable energy technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Mammeri
- LEPCM, Faculty of Science, University of Batna 1, Algeria
| | - L. Dehimi
- LEPCM, Faculty of Science, University of Batna 1, Algeria
| | - H. Bencherif
- LEREESI, HNS-RE2SD, Higher National School of Renewable Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development, Batna, 05078, Algeria
| | - Mongi Amami
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Safa Ezzine
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rahul Pandey
- VLSI Centre of Excellence, Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Chandigarh, Punjab, 140401, India
| | - M. Khalid Hossain
- Institute of Electronics, Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh
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14
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Nie J, Niu B, Wang Y, He Z, Zhang X, Zheng H, Lei Y, Zhong P, Ma X. Multi-functional MXene quantum dots enhance the quality of perovskite polycrystalline films and charge transport for solar cells. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 646:517-528. [PMID: 37209551 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.05.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Recently, two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides/nitrides (MXenes) find applications in perovskite solar cells (PSCs), due to their high conductivity, tunable electronic structures, and rich surface chemistry, etc. However, the integration of 2D MXenes into PSCs is limited by their large lateral sizes and relatively-small surface volume ratios, and the roles of MXenes in PSCs are still ambiguous. In this paper, zero-dimensional (0D) MXene quantum dots (MQDs) with an average size of 2.7 nm are obtained through clipping step by step combining a chemical etching and a hydrothermal reaction, which display rich terminals (i.e., -F, -OH, -O) and unique optical properties. The 0D MQDs incorporated into SnO2 electron transport layers (ETLs) of PSCs exhibit multifunction: 1) increasing the electrical conductivity of SnO2, 2) promoting better alignments of energy band positions at the perovskite/ETL interface, 3) improving the film quality of atop polycrystalline perovskite. Particularly, the MQDs not only tightly bond with the Sn atom for decreasing the defects of SnO2, but also interact with the Pb2+ of perovskite. As a result, the defect density of PSCs is significantly decreased from 5.21 × 1021 to 6.4 × 1020 cm-3, leading to enhanced charge transport and reduced nonradiative recombination. Furthermore, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of PSCs is substantially improved from 17.44% to 21.63% using the MQDs-SnO2 hybrid ETL compared with the SnO2 ETL. Besides, the stability of the MQDs-SnO2-based PSC is greatly enhanced, with only ~4% degradation of the initial PCE after storage in ambient condition (25 °C, RH: 30-40%) for 1128 h, as compared to that of the reference device with a rapid degradation of ~60% of initial PCE after 460 h. And MQDs-SnO2-based PSC also presents higher thermal stability than SnO2-based device with continuous heating for 248 h at 85 °C. The unique MQDs exhibited in this work might also find other exciting applications such as light-emitting diodes, photodetectors, and fluorescent probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junli Nie
- School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Xidian University, 266 Xinglong Section of Xifeng Road, Xi'an 710126, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingqiang Niu
- School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Xidian University, 266 Xinglong Section of Xifeng Road, Xi'an 710126, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijin Wang
- School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Xidian University, 266 Xinglong Section of Xifeng Road, Xi'an 710126, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhang He
- School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Xidian University, 266 Xinglong Section of Xifeng Road, Xi'an 710126, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingmao Zhang
- School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Xidian University, 266 Xinglong Section of Xifeng Road, Xi'an 710126, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - HuanHuan Zheng
- School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Xidian University, 266 Xinglong Section of Xifeng Road, Xi'an 710126, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yimin Lei
- School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Xidian University, 266 Xinglong Section of Xifeng Road, Xi'an 710126, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China; State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Band Gap Semiconductor Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Zhong
- School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Xidian University, 266 Xinglong Section of Xifeng Road, Xi'an 710126, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China; State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Band Gap Semiconductor Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaohua Ma
- State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Band Gap Semiconductor Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China; School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
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15
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Li Y, Meng J, Duan P, Wu R, Shi Y, Zhang L, Yan C, Deng J, Zhang X. Transport Layer Engineering by Hydrochloric Acid for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells with a High Open-Circuit Voltage. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:23208-23216. [PMID: 37133487 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c02376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
A large number of defect states that exist at the interface between a perovskite film and an electron transport layer (ETL) are detrimental to the efficiency and the stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). It is still a challenge to simultaneously passivate the defects on both sides by a stable and low-cost ion compound. Herein, we demonstrate a simple and effective versatile strategy by introducing hydrochloric acid into SnO2 precursor solution to passivate the defects in both SnO2 and perovskite layers and simultaneously reduce the interface energy barrier, ultimately achieving a high-performance and hysteresis-free PSCs. Hydrogen ions can neutralize -OH groups on the SnO2 surface, whereas the Cl- can not only combine with Sn4+ in ETL but also suppress the Pb-I antisite defects formed at the buried interface. The reduced nonradiative recombination and the favorable energy level alignment result in a significantly increased efficiency from 20.71 to 22.06% of PSCs due to the enhancement of open-circuit voltage. In addition, the stability of the device can also be improved. This work presents a facile and promising approach for the development of highly efficient PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmin Li
- Faculty of Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, P. R. China
| | - Junhua Meng
- Faculty of Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, P. R. China
| | - Ping Duan
- Faculty of Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, P. R. China
| | - Rui Wu
- Faculty of Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, P. R. China
| | - Yiming Shi
- Faculty of Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, P. R. China
| | - Lisheng Zhang
- Faculty of Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, P. R. China
| | - Chunxia Yan
- Faculty of Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, P. R. China
| | - Jinxiang Deng
- Faculty of Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, P. R. China
| | - Xingwang Zhang
- Key Lab of Semiconductor Materials Science, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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16
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Wu Z, Wang Y, Li L, Zhang R, Hong J, Huang R, Che L, Yang G, Rao H, Pan Z, Zhong X. Improving the Electron Transport Performance of TiO 2 Film by Regulating TiCl 4 Post-Treatment for High-Efficiency Carbon-Based Perovskite Solar Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2300690. [PMID: 37035984 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202300690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Titanium oxide (TiO2 ) has been widely used as an electron transport layer (ETL) in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Typically, TiCl4 post-treatment is indispensable for modifying the surfaces of TiO2 ETL to improve the electron transport performance. However, it is challenging to produce the preferred anatase phase-dominated TiO2 by the TiCl4 post-treatment due to the higher thermodynamic stability of the rutile phase. In this work, a mild continuous pH control strategy for effectively regulating the hydrolysis process of TiCl4 post-treatment is proposed. As the weak organic base, urea has been demonstrated can maintain a moderate pH decrease during the hydrolysis process of TiCl4 while keeping the hydrolysis process relatively mild due to the ultra-weak alkalinity. The improved pH environment is beneficial for the formation of anatase TiO2 . Consequently, a uniform anatase-dominated TiO2 surface layer is formed on the mesoporous TiO2 , resulting in reduced defect density and superior band energy level. The interfacial charge recombination is effectively suppressed, and the charge extraction efficiency is improved simultaneously in the fabricated solar cells. The efficiency of the fabricated carbon electrode-based PSCs (C-PSCs) is improved from 16.63% to 18.08%, which is the highest for C-PSCs based on wide-bandgap perovskites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhujie Wu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510642, P. R. China
| | - Yao Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510642, P. R. China
| | - Lingcong Li
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510642, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Civil Engineering, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, 512005, P. R. China
| | - Ruike Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510642, P. R. China
| | - Jin Hong
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510642, P. R. China
| | - Rong Huang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510642, P. R. China
| | - Lei Che
- Zhejiang Eco Environmental Technology Co. LTD, Huzhou, 313000, P. R. China
| | - Guoying Yang
- Zhejiang Eco Environmental Technology Co. LTD, Huzhou, 313000, P. R. China
| | - Huashang Rao
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510642, P. R. China
| | - Zhenxiao Pan
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510642, P. R. China
| | - Xinhua Zhong
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510642, P. R. China
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17
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Wu S, Lin S, Shi Z, Guo D, Huang H, Zhou X, Zhang D, Zhou K, Zhang W, Hu Y, Zhou C. Improved Thermal Stability and Film Uniformity of Halide Perovskite by Confinement Effect brought by Polymer Chains of Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2207848. [PMID: 36929269 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202207848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) is doped to PbI2 and organic salt during two-step growth of halideperovskite. It is observed that PVP molecules can interact with both PbI2 and organic salt, reduce the aggregation and crystallization of the two, and then slow down the coarsening rate of perovskite. As doping concentration increases from 0 to 1 mM in organic salt, average crystallite size of perovskite decreases monotonously from 90 to 34 nm; Surface fluctuation reduces from 259.9 to 179.8 nm at first, and then increases; Similarly, surface roughness decreases from 45.55 to 26.64 nm at first, and then rises. Accordingly, a kind of "confinement effect" is resolved to crystallite growth and surface fluctuation/roughness, which helps to build compact and uniform perovskite film. Density of trap states (t-DOS) is cut down by ≈60% at moderate doping (0.2 mM). Due to the "confinement effect", power conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells is improved from 19.46 (±2.80) % to 21.50 (±0.99) %, and further improved to 24.11% after surface modification. Meanwhile, "confinement effect" strengthens crystallite/grain boundaries and improves thermal stability of both film and device. T80 of device increases to 120 h, compared to 50 h for reference ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyue Wu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Super-microstructure and Ultrafast Process, Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Devices, Institute of Super-microstructure and Ultrafast Process in Advanced Materials (ISUPAM), School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Siyuan Lin
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Super-microstructure and Ultrafast Process, Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Devices, Institute of Super-microstructure and Ultrafast Process in Advanced Materials (ISUPAM), School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Shi
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Super-microstructure and Ultrafast Process, Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Devices, Institute of Super-microstructure and Ultrafast Process in Advanced Materials (ISUPAM), School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, P. R. China
| | - De'en Guo
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Super-microstructure and Ultrafast Process, Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Devices, Institute of Super-microstructure and Ultrafast Process in Advanced Materials (ISUPAM), School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Han Huang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Super-microstructure and Ultrafast Process, Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Devices, Institute of Super-microstructure and Ultrafast Process in Advanced Materials (ISUPAM), School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Xuefan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Powder Metallurgy Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Dou Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Powder Metallurgy Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Kechao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Powder Metallurgy Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Wenhao Zhang
- Michael Grätzel Center for Mesoscopic Solar Cells, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Yue Hu
- Michael Grätzel Center for Mesoscopic Solar Cells, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Conghua Zhou
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Super-microstructure and Ultrafast Process, Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Devices, Institute of Super-microstructure and Ultrafast Process in Advanced Materials (ISUPAM), School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, P. R. China
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18
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MDACl2-Modified SnO2 Film for Efficient Planar Perovskite Solar Cells. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062668. [PMID: 36985640 PMCID: PMC10056177 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The electron transport layer (ETL) with excellent charge extraction and transport ability is one of the key components of high-performance perovskite solar cells (PSCs). SnO2 has been considered as a more promising ETL for the future commercialization of PSCs due to its excellent photoelectric properties and easy processing. Herein, we propose a facile and effective ETL modification strategy based on the incorporation of methylenediammonium dichloride (MDACl2) into the SnO2 precursor colloidal solution. The effects of MDACl2 incorporation on charge transport, defect passivation, perovskite crystallization, and PSC performance are systematically investigated. First, the surface defects of the SnO2 film are effectively passivated, resulting in the increased conductivity of the SnO2 film, which is conducive to electron extraction and transport. Second, the MDACl2 modification contributes to the formation of high-quality perovskite films with improved crystallinity and reduced defect density. Furthermore, a more suitable energy level alignment is achieved at the ETL/perovskite interface, which facilitates the charge transport due to the lower energy barrier. Consequently, the MDACl2-modified PSCs exhibit a champion efficiency of 22.30% compared with 19.62% of the control device, and the device stability is also significantly improved.
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19
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Efficient Tuning of the Opto-Electronic Properties of Sol-Gel-Synthesized Al-Doped Titania Nanoparticles for Perovskite Solar Cells and Functional Textiles. Gels 2023; 9:gels9020101. [PMID: 36826271 PMCID: PMC9956200 DOI: 10.3390/gels9020101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The efficient electron transport layer (ETL) plays a critical role in the performance of perovskites solar cells (PSCs). Ideally, an unobstructed network with smooth channels for electron flow is required, which is lacking in the pristine TiO2-based ETL. As a potential solution, here we tuned the structure of TiO2 via optimized heteroatom doping of Al. Different concentrations (1, 2, and 3 wt%) of Al were doped in TiO2 and were successfully applied as an ETL in PSC using spin coating. A significant difference in the structural, opto-electronic, chemical, and electrical characteristics was observed in Al-doped TiO2 structures. The opto-electronic properties revealed that Al doping shifted the absorption spectra toward the visible range. Pure titania possesses a bandgap of 3.38 eV; however, after 1, 2, and 3% Al doping, the bandgap was linearly reduced to 3.29, 3.25, and 3.18 eV, respectively. In addition, higher light transmission was observed for Al-doped TiO2, which was due to the scattering effects of the interconnected porous morphology of doped-TiO2. Al-doped titania shows higher thermal stability and a 28% lower weight loss and can be operated at higher temperatures compared to undoped titania (weight loss 30%) due to the formation of stable states after Al doping. In addition, Al-doped TiO2 showed significantly high conductivity, which provides smooth paths for electron transport. Thanks to the effective tuning of band structure and morphology of Al-doped TiO2, a significant improvement in current densities, fill factor, and efficiency was observed in PSCs. The combined effect of better Jsc and FF renders higher efficiencies in Al-doped TiO2, as 1, 2, and 3% Al-doped TiO2 showed 12.5, 14.1, and 13.6% efficiency, respectively. Compared to undoped TiO2 with an efficiency of 10.3%, the optimized 2% Al doping increased the efficiency up to 14.1%. In addition, Al-doped TiO2 also showed improvements in antibacterial effects, required for photoactive textiles.
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20
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Lin Z, Xu X, Dong H, Song Q, Duan H, Mu C. Enhancing the Efficiency of Perovskite Solar Cells by Bidirectional Modification of the Perovskite and Electron Transport Layer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:1097-1104. [PMID: 36583669 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c18341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In perovskite solar cells (PSCs), the numerous defects present on the surface of the SnO2 electron transport layer (ETL) and the bottom of the perovskite film limit their power conversion efficiency (PCE) and stability. In view of this, a bidirectional modification strategy is designed using formamidine acetate (FAAc) to passivate the defects on the SnO2 ETL surface and bottom of the perovskite simultaneously. FA+ cations act on the harmful hydroxyl groups on the SnO2 ETL surface, whereas Ac- anions act on the iodine vacancy defect at the bottom of the perovskite. Because the interface defect is well passivated by FAAc, the interfacial charge recombination is restrained. This results in a significant increase in the filling factor of the PSC to ∼0.83 and the consequent increase in PCE to 23.05%, which considerably improves the stability. Bidirectional modification technology is an effective strategy for improving the PCE and stability of PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Lin
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, P. R. China
| | - Xiangning Xu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, P. R. China
| | - Hongye Dong
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, P. R. China
| | - Qili Song
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, P. R. China
| | - Hairui Duan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Mu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, P. R. China
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21
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Sun X, Li L, Shen S, Wang F. TiO 2/SnO 2 Bilayer Electron Transport Layer for High Efficiency Perovskite Solar Cells. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:249. [PMID: 36678002 PMCID: PMC9862634 DOI: 10.3390/nano13020249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The electron transport layer (ETL) has been extensively investigated as one of the important components to construct high-performance perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Among them, inorganic semiconducting metal oxides such as titanium dioxide (TiO2), and tin oxide (SnO2) present great advantages in both fabrication and efficiency. However, the surface defects and uniformity are still concerns for high performance devices. Here, we demonstrated a bilayer ETL architecture PSC in which the ETL is composed of a chemical-bath-deposition-based TiO2 thin layer and a spin-coating-based SnO2 thin layer. Such a bilayer-structure ETL can not only produce a larger grain size of PSCs, but also provide a higher current density and a reduced hysteresis. Compared to the mono-ETL PCSs with a low efficiency of 16.16%, the bilayer ETL device features a higher efficiency of 17.64%, accomplished with an open-circuit voltage of 1.041 V, short-circuit current density of 22.58 mA/cm2, and a filling factor of 75.0%, respectively. These results highlight the unique potential of TiO2/SnO2 combined bilayer ETL architecture, paving a new way to fabricate high-performance and low-hysteresis PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Sun
- School of Aeronautical Engineering, Nanjing Vocational University of Industry Technology, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Lu Li
- School of Electrical Engineering, Nanjing Vocational University of Industry Technology, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Shanshan Shen
- School of Aeronautical Engineering, Nanjing Vocational University of Industry Technology, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Fang Wang
- College of Electronic Engineering, Nanjing XiaoZhuang University, Nanjing 211100, China
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22
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Park HH. Modification of SnO 2 Electron Transport Layer in Perovskite Solar Cells. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:4326. [PMID: 36500949 PMCID: PMC9739586 DOI: 10.3390/nano12234326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Rapid development of the device performance of organic-inorganic lead halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are emerging as a promising photovoltaic technology. Current world-record efficiency of PSCs is based on tin oxide (SnO2) electron transport layers (ETLs), which are capable of being processed at low temperatures and possess high carrier mobilities with appropriate energy- band alignment and high optical transmittance. Modification of SnO2 has been intensely investigated by various approaches to tailor its conductivity, band alignment, defects, morphology, and interface properties. This review article organizes recent developments of modifying SnO2 ETLs to PSC advancement using surface and bulk modifications, while concentrating on photovoltaic (PV) device performance and long-term stability. Future outlooks for SnO2 ETLs in PSC research and obstacles remaining for commercialization are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Hejin Park
- Advanced Materials Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
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23
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Du Z, Xiang H, Xie A, Ran R, Zhou W, Wang W, Shao Z. Monovalent Copper Cation Doping Enables High-Performance CsPbIBr 2-Based All-Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:4317. [PMID: 36500942 PMCID: PMC9736419 DOI: 10.3390/nano12234317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Organic-inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have delivered the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25.7% currently, but they are unfortunately limited by several key issues, such as inferior humid and thermal stability, significantly retarding their widespread application. To tackle the instability issue, all-inorganic PSCs have attracted increasing interest due to superior structural, humid and high-temperature stability to their organic-inorganic counterparts. Nevertheless, all-inorganic PSCs with typical CsPbIBr2 perovskite as light absorbers suffer from much inferior PCEs to those of organic-inorganic PSCs. Functional doping is regarded as a simple and useful strategy to improve the PCEs of CsPbIBr2-based all-inorganic PSCs. Herein, we report a monovalent copper cation (Cu+)-doping strategy to boost the performance of CsPbIBr2-based PSCs by increasing the grain sizes and improving the CsPbIBr2 film quality, reducing the defect density, inhibiting the carrier recombination and constructing proper energy level alignment. Consequently, the device with optimized Cu+-doping concentration generates a much better PCE of 9.11% than the pristine cell (7.24%). Moreover, the Cu+ doping also remarkably enhances the humid and thermal durability of CsPbIBr2-based PSCs with suppressed hysteresis. The current study provides a simple and useful strategy to enhance the PCE and the durability of CsPbIBr2-based PSCs, which can promote the practical application of perovskite photovoltaics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaonan Du
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Huimin Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Amin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ran Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zongping Shao
- WA School of Mines: Minerals, Energy and Chemical Engineering, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6845, Australia
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24
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Shu H, Peng C, Chen Q, Huang Z, Deng C, Luo W, Li H, Zhang W, Zhang W, Huang Y. Strategy of Enhancing Built-in Field to Promote the Application of C-TiO 2 /SnO 2 Bilayer Electron Transport Layer in High-Efficiency Perovskite Solar Cells (24.3%). SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2204446. [PMID: 36166716 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202204446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Combining two kinds of electron transport layer (ETL) which have complementary advantages into a bilayer structure to form a bilayer ETL is an effective way to transcend inherent limitations of single-layer ETL, which is very helpful in the development of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In this work, a strategy is proposed to break constraints on the application of the staggered bilayer ETL in high-efficiency PSC, namely utilizing a built-in field to overcome the dilemma in ECBM making it possible to improve VOC and FF simultaneously by tuning the Fermi level of ETLs properly. According to the strategy, a bilayer ETL structure comprised of C-TiO2 and SnO2 layer and corresponding Li-doping process are developed, and the characterization results confirm the effectiveness of the strategy, making the potentials of the C-TiO2 (Li)/SnO2 bilayer ETL fully released for its application in high-efficiency PSCs: a VOC of 1.201 V for an ordinary triple-cation-perovskite-based PSC and a photoelectric conversion efficiency of 24.3% for a low-bandgap-perovskite-based PSC with high haze FTO superstrate are successfully achieved, indicating that the C-TiO2 (Li)/SnO2 bilayer ETL is a successful application paradigm of the proposed strategy and very promising in the application of high-efficiency PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Shu
- Institute of Photovoltaic, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610500, China
| | - Changtao Peng
- Institute of Photovoltaic, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610500, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Institute of Photovoltaic, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610500, China
| | - Zhangfeng Huang
- Institute of Photovoltaic, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610500, China
| | - Chen Deng
- Institute of Photovoltaic, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610500, China
| | - Wenjie Luo
- Institute of Photovoltaic, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610500, China
| | - Haijin Li
- Institute of Photovoltaic, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610500, China
| | - Wenfeng Zhang
- Institute of Photovoltaic, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610500, China
| | - Wenhua Zhang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Carbon Neutrality and Green Low-carbon Technologies, School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650000, China
| | - Yuelong Huang
- Institute of Photovoltaic, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610500, China
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25
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Youn SSO, Kim J, Na J, Jo W, Kim GY. Understanding the Space-Charge Layer in SnO 2 for Enhanced Electron Extraction in Hybrid Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:48229-48239. [PMID: 36223089 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c12461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Tin oxide (SnO2) has been widely used as an n-type metal oxide electron transport layer in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) owing to its superior electrical and optical properties and low-temperature synthesis process. In particular, the interfacial effect between indium tin oxide (ITO) and SnO2 is an important parameter that controls the charge transport properties and device performance of the PSCs. Therefore, understanding the interfacial effect of ITO/SnO2 and its role in PSCs is crucial, but it is not studied intensively. Herein, we investigated the space-charge effect at the interface of ITO/SnO2 using transfer length measurement and conductive atomic force microscopy as a function of SnO2 thickness. Moreover, optical, morphologic, and device measurements were performed to determine the optimal SnO2 thickness for PSCs. The space-charge effect was identified in ITO/SnO2 when the SnO2 layer was very thin due to electron depletion near the interface. Interestingly, a critical kink point was observed at approximately 10 nm SnO2 thickness, indicating the electron depletion and weak charge transfer behavior of the device. Thus, a thickness around 20 nm was favorable for the best PSC performance because charge transport behavior in the thin SnO2 layer was depressed by electron depletion. However, when the thickness of SnO2 exceeded 50 nm, the device performance deteriorated due to increased series resistance. This study provides a strategy to tune the electron transport layer and boost the charge transport behavior in PSCs, making important contributions to optimizing SnO2-based PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Su-O Youn
- Department of Physics, Ewha Womans University, Seoul03760, Republic of Korea
- Advanced Photovoltaics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihyun Kim
- Department of Physics, Ewha Womans University, Seoul03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Junhong Na
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Kyungnam University, Changwon51767, Republic of Korea
| | - William Jo
- Department of Physics, Ewha Womans University, Seoul03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Gee Yeong Kim
- Advanced Photovoltaics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul02792, Republic of Korea
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26
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Zhang G, Zhang J, Yang Z, Pan Z, Rao H, Zhong X. Role of Moisture and Oxygen in Defect Management and Orderly Oxidation Boosting Carbon-Based CsPbI 2 Br Solar Cells to a New Record Efficiency. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2206222. [PMID: 35998374 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202206222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Large energy loss (Eloss ) caused by defect-assisted recombination makes the photovoltaic performance of carbon-based perovskite solar cells (C-PSCs) inferior to that of metal-electrode ones. Herein, the influence of environmental factors (moisture and oxygen) on defect management during re-annealing process of CsPbI2 Br crystalline films is systematically studied. Density functional theory and experimental results indicate that moisture in the air can significantly reduce the oxidation kinetics of crystalline films, resulting in orderly oxidation. Concomitantly, the oxidation decomposition products PbO and CsPbIBr2 are enriched at grain boundaries, passivating surface defects efficiently. Simultaneously, energy band coupling between CsPbI2 Br and CsPbIBr2 improves the hole extraction efficiency. The photovoltage of corresponding C-PSCs is increased from 1.05 to 1.32 V, indicating a reduced Eloss derived from orderly oxidation strategy. Correspondingly, the champion cell achieves an efficiency of 15.27%, and a certified efficiency of 14.7%, which is a new record efficiency for CsPbI2 Br C-PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guizhi Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jianxin Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zechao Yang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhenxiao Pan
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Huashang Rao
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xinhua Zhong
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
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27
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Xu X, Lin Z, Cai Q, Dong H, Wang X, Mu C. Defect management by a cesium fluoride-modified electron transport layer promotes perovskite solar cells. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:22562-22571. [PMID: 36102344 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp03207d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
SnO2 is a candidate material for electron transport layers (ETLs) in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, a large number of defects at the SnO2/perovskite interface lead to notable non-radiative interfacial recombination. Moreover, the energy level arrangement between SnO2/perovskite does not match well. In this study, a SnO2/CsF-SnO2 double-layer ETL was prepared by doping CsF into SnO2, effectively passivating the defects of the SnO2 ETL and SnO2/perovskite interface. The formation of a good energy level arrangement with the perovskite layer reduces the interface non-radiative recombination and improves the performance of the interface charge extraction. The photoelectric conversion efficiency of the optimal CsF-modified PSC reached 22.18%, owing to the significant increase in the open-circuit voltage to 1.180 V.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangning Xu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, P. R. China.
| | - Zhichao Lin
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, P. R. China.
| | - Qingbin Cai
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, P. R. China.
| | - Hongye Dong
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, P. R. China.
| | - Xinli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, P. R. China.
| | - Cheng Mu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, P. R. China.
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28
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Li Y, Li J, Qi W, Jiao S, Ling H, Sohail K, Li X, Zhang X. 2,2'-Dihydroxy-4,4'-dimethoxy-benzophenon as Bifunctional Additives for Passivated Defects and Improved Photostability of Efficient Perovskite Photovoltaics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:36602-36610. [PMID: 35921483 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c08224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have developed rapidly in the past decade, but their commercial applications are restricted by further improvement in their photovoltaic performance and stability. Herein, we propose a facile and effective method employing 2,2'-dihydroxy-4,4'-dimethoxy-benzophenon (BP6) as bifunctional additive to construct efficient and photostable PSCs. BP6, as an additive, improves the crystallization quality of perovskite absorbers and further inhibits defect-mediated non-radiative recombination through interaction between the C═O group and defects; as a UV absorber, BP6 protects the PSCs from UV degradation by effectively absorbing UV light through molecular tautomerism under continuous strong UV irradiation. Eventually, the champion PSC demonstrates an efficiency of 22.85% with enhanced UV stability after addition of 0.024 wt % BP6. These results reveal that addition of UV absorbers (such as BP6 in this study) is a simple and effective strategy to fabricate efficient and photostable PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuelong Li
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Tianjin, Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Optoelectronics Technology (MoE), Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Jiale Li
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Tianjin, Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Optoelectronics Technology (MoE), Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Wenjing Qi
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Tianjin, Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Optoelectronics Technology (MoE), Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Sumin Jiao
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Tianjin, Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Optoelectronics Technology (MoE), Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
- College of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Hao Ling
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Tianjin, Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Optoelectronics Technology (MoE), Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Khumal Sohail
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Tianjin, Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Optoelectronics Technology (MoE), Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xiangyu Li
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Tianjin, Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Optoelectronics Technology (MoE), Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xinpeng Zhang
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Tianjin, Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Optoelectronics Technology (MoE), Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
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Li Y, Zhang J, Xiang J, Hu H, Zhong H, Shi Y. A Novel 4,4'-Bipiperidine-Based Organic Salt for Efficient and Stable 2D-3D Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:22324-22331. [PMID: 35532952 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c23115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The efficiency of metal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has dramatically increased over the past decade (formerly 3.8%, now 25.5%). It has been widely demonstrated that the defects passivation of perovskite photo-active layer plays a vital role in increasing the efficiency and improving the stability of PSCs. In this study, we developed a novel 4,4'-bipiperidine (BiPi)-based organic salt with good stability and successfully introduced this ligand into perovskite for the first time. The embedded BiPi-based organic salt in the 3D perovskites facilitated the formation of two-dimensional-three-dimensional (2D-3D) perovskite materials that passivated the perovskite layer, with a constructive consequence in both photovoltaic performance and device stability. Incorporating this ligand improved the crystallinity of the perovskite materials with reduced defect states, prolonged resolved carrier lifetime, and improved stability. An optimized PSC device exhibited substantially improved device stability and an outstanding power conversion efficiency of 20.03%, with the aid of the BiPi-based organic salt [open-circuit voltage (VOC), 1.10 V; current density (JSC), 23.51 mA/cm2; and fill factor (FF), 0.77], which are 13.0% higher than the original device. Our study provides a ligand design protocol for developing next-generation, highly efficient, stable PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Li
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jinghui Zhang
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jin Xiang
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Hanlin Hu
- Hofman Institute of Advanced Materials, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Haizhe Zhong
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Yumeng Shi
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
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Mechanically and operationally stable flexible inverted perovskite solar cells with 20.32% efficiency by a simple oligomer cross-linking method. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2022; 67:794-802. [PMID: 36546232 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2022.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Due to their great potential in wearable and portable electronics, flexible perovskite solar cells (FPSCs) have been extensively studied. The major challenges in the practical applications of FPSCs are efficiency, operational stability, and mechanical stability. Herein, we developed a facile approach by incorporating a cross-linking oligomer of trimethylolpropane ethoxylate triacrylate (TET) into perovskite films to simultaneously enhance the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and stability of FPSCs. A PCE of 20.32% was achieved, which are among the best results for the inverted FPSCs. Both mechanical and environmental stabilities were improved for the TET-incorporated FPSCs. In particular, the PCE retained approximately 87% of its initial value after 20,000 bending cycles at a radius of 4 mm. The inverted FPSCs retained 85% of the initial PCE after 500 h storage at 85 °C and 90% after 900 h continuous one-sun illumination. A joint experiment-theory analysis ascribed the underlying mechanism to the reduced defect densities, improved crystallinity, and stability of the perovskite absorbers on flexible substrates caused by TET incorporation.
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31
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Wang Z, Liu X, Ren H, Liu L, Tang X, Yao X, Su Z, Gao X, Wei Q, Xie H, Zheng Y, Li M. Insight into the Enhanced Charge Transport in Quasi-2D Perovskite via Fluorination of Ammonium Cations for Photovoltaic Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:7917-7925. [PMID: 35107982 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c21715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Fluorinated spacer cations in quasi-2D (Q-2D) perovskites have recently been demonstrated to improve the Q-2D perovskite solar cell (PSC) performance. However, the underlying mechanism of fluorination of organic cations on the improvement is still unclear. Here, using fluorinated benzylammonium (named F-BZA) as a spacer cation in Q-2D Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) perovskites, we deeply investigate the effect of fluorination of organic cations on perovskite crystallization and intermolecular interactions for improving the charge transport and device performance. It is found that fluorination of spacer cations can slow down the crystallization rate of perovskites, resulting in vertically aligned large grains. Moreover, the interaction between the adjacent spacer cations is further enhanced, constructing a new faster charge-transport channel with a lifetime of 77 ps. Accordingly, the carrier mobility is improved by an order of magnitude and a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 16.82% is achieved in much more stable F-BZA-based Q-2D RP PSCs, 35% higher than that of BZA-based devices (12.39%). Our results elucidate the mechanism and its importance of fluorinating spacer cations for high-performance Q-2D PSC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Wang
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu 610054, China
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaodong Liu
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu 610054, China
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hui Ren
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Li Liu
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Xinyu Tang
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Xianghua Yao
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Zhenhuang Su
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF), Zhangjiang Laboratory, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 239 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Xingyu Gao
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF), Zhangjiang Laboratory, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 239 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Qi Wei
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Haijiao Xie
- Hangzhou Yanqu Information Technology Co., Ltd., Y2, 2nd Floor, Building 2, Xixi Legu Creative Pioneering Park, No. 712 Wen'er West Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Yonghao Zheng
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Mingjie Li
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen 518057, Guangdong, China
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Macdonald TJ, Clancy AJ, Xu W, Jiang Z, Lin CT, Mohan L, Du T, Tune DD, Lanzetta L, Min G, Webb T, Ashoka A, Pandya R, Tileli V, McLachlan MA, Durrant JR, Haque SA, Howard CA. Phosphorene Nanoribbon-Augmented Optoelectronics for Enhanced Hole Extraction. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:21549-21559. [PMID: 34919382 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c08905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorene nanoribbons (PNRs) have been widely predicted to exhibit a range of superlative functional properties; however, because they have only recently been isolated, these properties are yet to be shown to translate to improved performance in any application. PNRs show particular promise for optoelectronics, given their predicted high exciton binding energies, tunable bandgaps, and ultrahigh hole mobilities. Here, we verify the theorized enhanced hole mobility in both solar cells and space-charge-limited-current devices, demonstrating the potential for PNRs improving hole extraction in universal optoelectronic applications. Specifically, PNRs are demonstrated to act as an effective charge-selective interlayer by enhancing hole extraction from polycrystalline methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) perovskite to the poly(triarylamine) semiconductor. Introducing PNRs at the hole-transport/MAPbI3 interface achieves fill factors above 0.83 and efficiencies exceeding 21% for planar p-i-n (inverted) perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Such efficiencies are typically only reported for single-crystalline MAPbI3-based inverted PSCs. Methylammonium-free PSCs also benefit from a PNR interlayer, verifying applicability to architectures incorporating mixed perovskite absorber layers. Device photoluminescence and transient absorption spectroscopy are used to demonstrate that the presence of the PNRs drives more effective carrier extraction. Isolation of the PNRs in space-charge-limited-current hole-only devices improves both hole mobility and conductivity, demonstrating applicability beyond PSCs. This work provides primary experimental evidence that the predicted superlative functional properties of PNRs indeed translate to improved optoelectronic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Macdonald
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom.,Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon St., London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom.,School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - Adam J Clancy
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon St., London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom.,Department of Physics & Astronomy, University College London, Gower St., London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Weidong Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Zhongyao Jiang
- Department of Materials and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Chieh-Ting Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Lokeshwari Mohan
- Department of Materials and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom.,School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - Tian Du
- Department of Materials and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel D Tune
- International Solar Energy Research Center Konstanz, Rudolf-Diesel-Straße 15, D-78467 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Luis Lanzetta
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Ganghong Min
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Webb
- Advanced Technology Institute, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - Arjun Ashoka
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J.J. Thomson Avenue, CB3 0HE Cambridge, U.K
| | - Raj Pandya
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J.J. Thomson Avenue, CB3 0HE Cambridge, U.K
| | - Vasiliki Tileli
- Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Martyn A McLachlan
- Department of Materials and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - James R Durrant
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom.,SPECIFIC IKC, College of Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 7AX, United Kingdom
| | - Saif A Haque
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher A Howard
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University College London, Gower St., London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
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Mazumdar S, Zhao Y, Zhang X. Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells: Degradation Mechanisms and Remedies. FRONTIERS IN ELECTRONICS 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/felec.2021.712785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inorganic–organic metal halide perovskite light harvester-based perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have come to the limelight of solar cell research due to their rapid growth in efficiency. At present, stability and reliability are challenging aspects concerning the Si-based or thin film-based commercial devices. Commercialization of perovskite solar cells remains elusive due to the lack of stability of these devices under real operational conditions, especially for longer duration use. A large number of researchers have been engaged in an ardent effort to improve the stability of perovskite solar cells. Understanding the degradation mechanisms has been the primary importance before exploring the remedies for degradation. In this review, a methodical understanding of various degradation mechanisms of perovskites and perovskite solar cells is presented followed by a discussion on different steps taken to overcome the stability issues. Recent insights on degradation mechanisms are discussed. Various approaches of stability enhancement are reviewed with an emphasis on reports that complied with the operational standard for practical application in a commercial solar module. The operational stability standard enacted by the International Electrotechnical Commission is especially discussed with reports that met the requirements or showed excellent results, which is the most important criterion to evaluate a device’s actual prospect to be utilized for practical applications in commercial solar modules. An overall understanding of degradation pathways in perovskites and perovskite solar cells and steps taken to overcome those with references including state-of-the-art devices with promising operational stability can be gained from this review.
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Tetragonal-Cubic Phase Transition and Low-Field Dielectric Properties of CH 3NH 3PbI 3 Crystals. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14154215. [PMID: 34361408 PMCID: PMC8348982 DOI: 10.3390/ma14154215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The frequency and temperature dependence of dielectric properties of CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPI) crystals have been studied and analyzed in connection with temperature-dependent structural studies. The obtained results bring arguments for the existence of ferroelectricity and aim to complete the current knowledge on the thermally activated conduction mechanisms, in dark equilibrium and in the presence of a small external a.c. electric field. The study correlates the frequency-dispersive dielectric spectra with the conduction mechanisms and their relaxation processes, as well as with the different transport regimes indicated by the Nyquist plots. The different energy barriers revealed by the impedance spectroscopy highlight the dominant transport mechanisms in different frequency and temperature ranges, being associated with the bulk of the grains, their boundaries, and/or the electrodes' interfaces.
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Qi W, Li J, Li Y, Sohail K, Ling H, Wang P, Jiao S, Liu F, Zhou X, Wang H, Zhang D, Ding Y, Chen X, Hou G, Luo J, Zhao Y, Li Y, Zhang X. Manipulated Crystallization and Passivated Defects for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells via Addition of Ammonium Iodide. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:34053-34063. [PMID: 34254770 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c05903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Organic-inorganic metal halide perovskite materials have been widely studied as the light absorber for efficient photovoltaics. However, perovskite layers with defective nature are typically prepared with an uncontrollable crystallization process, intrinsically limiting further advance in device performance, and thus require delicate manipulation of crystallization processes and defect density. Here, we demonstrate an ammonium-assisted crystallization of perovskite absorbers during a two-step deposition to fabricate efficient solar cells. Addition of ammonium iodide (NH4I) is devised to manipulate the nucleation and crystal growth of perovskite, wherein the formation and transition of intermediate x[NH4+]•[PbI3]x- enables high-quality perovskite layers with an enlarged grain and reduced defect density. As a result, the perovskite solar cells (PSCs) achieve an average efficiency of 21.36% with a champion efficiency of 22.15% and improved environmental stability over 30 days in ambient conditions with varied relative humidity. These results with addition of NH4I provide an available and ingenious way to construct high-quality perovskite layers for efficient solar cells and will advance the commercial application of perovskite-based photovoltaics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Qi
- Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Tianjin, Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Optoelectronics Technology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Nankai University, Solar Energy Research Center of Nankai University, #38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Jiale Li
- Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Tianjin, Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Optoelectronics Technology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Nankai University, Solar Energy Research Center of Nankai University, #38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yameng Li
- Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Tianjin, Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Optoelectronics Technology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Nankai University, Solar Energy Research Center of Nankai University, #38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China
- College of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, #26 Yuxiang Street, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Khumal Sohail
- Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Tianjin, Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Optoelectronics Technology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Nankai University, Solar Energy Research Center of Nankai University, #38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Hao Ling
- Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Tianjin, Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Optoelectronics Technology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Nankai University, Solar Energy Research Center of Nankai University, #38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Tianjin, Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Optoelectronics Technology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Nankai University, Solar Energy Research Center of Nankai University, #38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Sumin Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Tianjin, Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Optoelectronics Technology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Nankai University, Solar Energy Research Center of Nankai University, #38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China
- College of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, #26 Yuxiang Street, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Fan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Tianjin, Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Optoelectronics Technology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Nankai University, Solar Energy Research Center of Nankai University, #38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Tianjin, Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Optoelectronics Technology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Nankai University, Solar Energy Research Center of Nankai University, #38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Huanhuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Tianjin, Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Optoelectronics Technology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Nankai University, Solar Energy Research Center of Nankai University, #38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Dekun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Tianjin, Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Optoelectronics Technology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Nankai University, Solar Energy Research Center of Nankai University, #38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yi Ding
- Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Tianjin, Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Optoelectronics Technology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Nankai University, Solar Energy Research Center of Nankai University, #38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xinliang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Tianjin, Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Optoelectronics Technology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Nankai University, Solar Energy Research Center of Nankai University, #38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Guofu Hou
- Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Tianjin, Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Optoelectronics Technology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Nankai University, Solar Energy Research Center of Nankai University, #38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Jingshan Luo
- Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Tianjin, Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Optoelectronics Technology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Nankai University, Solar Energy Research Center of Nankai University, #38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Tianjin, Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Optoelectronics Technology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Nankai University, Solar Energy Research Center of Nankai University, #38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yuelong Li
- Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Tianjin, Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Optoelectronics Technology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Nankai University, Solar Energy Research Center of Nankai University, #38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xiaodan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Tianjin, Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Optoelectronics Technology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Nankai University, Solar Energy Research Center of Nankai University, #38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China
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Yang B, Ma R, Wang Z, Ouyang D, Huang Z, Lu J, Duan X, Yue L, Xu N, Choy WCH. Efficient Gradient Potential Top Electron Transport Structures Achieved by Combining an Oxide Family for Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells with High Efficiency and Stability. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:27179-27187. [PMID: 34087063 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c05284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Although inverted (p-i-n) structure perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have achieved high efficiency by commonly using fullerenes or their derivatives as electron transport layers (ETLs), the device stability and cost of fullerene materials are still of great concern. Herein, we demonstrate inorganic top ETLs simply composed from a family of metal oxides including In2O3 and its derivative of Sn:In2O3 with a gradient potential structure. For inverted PSCs, the typical film formation process of In2O3 will damage or degrade perovskite materials underneath; thus, we report a low temperature synthesis approach for obtaining In2O3 and Sn:In2O3 nanoparticles that can form effective top ETLs without any post-treatment. The one-family oxide-based top ETL features with the enhanced built-in potential, high electron extraction, and low interfacial recombination, offering a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 20.65% in PSCs constructed from oxide-only carrier (both hole and electron) transport layers (CTLs), which is the highest efficiency in oxide-only CTL-based inverted PSCs to the best of our knowledge. Equally important, the inverted PSCs based on the Sn:In2O3/In2O3 ETL show the excellent operational stability and remain 90% of the initial value of PCE over 2000 h. Consequently, this work contributes to the robust strategy of all oxide-only CTLs in developing rigid and flexible PSCs for practical photovoltaic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boping Yang
- Yancheng Institute of Technology, Xiwang Avenue, Yancheng 224051, China
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Ruiman Ma
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Zishuai Wang
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Dan Ouyang
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Zhanfeng Huang
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Jinlian Lu
- Yancheng Institute of Technology, Xiwang Avenue, Yancheng 224051, China
| | - Xiaohui Duan
- Yancheng Institute of Technology, Xiwang Avenue, Yancheng 224051, China
| | - Lu Yue
- Yancheng Institute of Technology, Xiwang Avenue, Yancheng 224051, China
| | - Ning Xu
- Yancheng Institute of Technology, Xiwang Avenue, Yancheng 224051, China
| | - Wallace C H Choy
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Photonic-Thermal-Electrical Energy Materials and Devices, Shenzhen 518055, China
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37
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Yang X, Yang H, Hu X, Li F, Yang Z. Photonic crystals for perovskite‐based optoelectronic applications. NANO SELECT 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/nano.202100163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xia Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing P. R. China
| | - Hanjun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information Ministry of Education School of Science Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing P. R. China
| | - Xiaotian Hu
- Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry Nanchang University Nanchang P. R. China
| | - Fangfang Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing P. R. China
| | - Zhou Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing P. R. China
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38
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Altinkaya C, Aydin E, Ugur E, Isikgor FH, Subbiah AS, De Bastiani M, Liu J, Babayigit A, Allen TG, Laquai F, Yildiz A, De Wolf S. Tin Oxide Electron-Selective Layers for Efficient, Stable, and Scalable Perovskite Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2005504. [PMID: 33660306 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202005504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have become a promising photovoltaic (PV) technology, where the evolution of the electron-selective layers (ESLs), an integral part of any PV device, has played a distinctive role to their progress. To date, the mesoporous titanium dioxide (TiO2 )/compact TiO2 stack has been among the most used ESLs in state-of-the-art PSCs. However, this material requires high-temperature sintering and may induce hysteresis under operational conditions, raising concerns about its use toward commercialization. Recently, tin oxide (SnO2 ) has emerged as an attractive alternative ESL, thanks to its wide bandgap, high optical transmission, high carrier mobility, suitable band alignment with perovskites, and decent chemical stability. Additionally, its low-temperature processability enables compatibility with temperature-sensitive substrates, and thus flexible devices and tandem solar cells. Here, the notable developments of SnO2 as a perovskite-relevant ESL are reviewed with emphasis placed on the various fabrication methods and interfacial passivation routes toward champion solar cells with high stability. Further, a techno-economic analysis of SnO2 materials for large-scale deployment, together with a processing-toxicology assessment, is presented. Finally, a perspective on how SnO2 materials can be instrumental in successful large-scale module and perovskite-based tandem solar cell manufacturing is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesur Altinkaya
- Department of Energy Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, 06010, Turkey
| | - Erkan Aydin
- KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Esma Ugur
- KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Furkan H Isikgor
- KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Anand S Subbiah
- KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Michele De Bastiani
- KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Jiang Liu
- KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Aslihan Babayigit
- KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt University, Wetenschapspark 1, Diepenbeek, Limburg, 3590, Belgium
- IMEC vzw. Division IMOMEC, Wetenschapspark 1, Diepenbeek, Limburg, 3590, Belgium
| | - Thomas G Allen
- KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Frédéric Laquai
- KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Yildiz
- Department of Energy Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, 06010, Turkey
| | - Stefaan De Wolf
- KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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39
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Song P, Shen L, Zheng L, Liu K, Tian W, Chen J, Luo Y, Tian C, Xie L, Wei Z. Double‐layered SnO
2
/NH
4
Cl‐SnO
2
for efficient planar perovskite solar cells with improved operational stability. NANO SELECT 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/nano.202000306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Peiquan Song
- Institute of Luminescent Materials and Information Displays College of Materials Science and Engineering Huaqiao University Xiamen P. R. China
| | - Lina Shen
- Institute of Luminescent Materials and Information Displays College of Materials Science and Engineering Huaqiao University Xiamen P. R. China
| | - Lingfang Zheng
- Institute of Luminescent Materials and Information Displays College of Materials Science and Engineering Huaqiao University Xiamen P. R. China
| | - Kaikai Liu
- Institute of Luminescent Materials and Information Displays College of Materials Science and Engineering Huaqiao University Xiamen P. R. China
| | - Wanjia Tian
- Institute of Luminescent Materials and Information Displays College of Materials Science and Engineering Huaqiao University Xiamen P. R. China
| | - Jingfu Chen
- Institute of Luminescent Materials and Information Displays College of Materials Science and Engineering Huaqiao University Xiamen P. R. China
| | - Yujie Luo
- Institute of Luminescent Materials and Information Displays College of Materials Science and Engineering Huaqiao University Xiamen P. R. China
| | - Chengbo Tian
- Institute of Luminescent Materials and Information Displays College of Materials Science and Engineering Huaqiao University Xiamen P. R. China
| | - Liqiang Xie
- Institute of Luminescent Materials and Information Displays College of Materials Science and Engineering Huaqiao University Xiamen P. R. China
| | - Zhanhua Wei
- Institute of Luminescent Materials and Information Displays College of Materials Science and Engineering Huaqiao University Xiamen P. R. China
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40
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Cui X, Wang P, Shi B, Zhao Y, Zhang X. Insights into the effect of bromine‐based organic salts on the efficiency and stability of wide bandgap perovskite. NANO SELECT 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/nano.202000183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xinghua Cui
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center Solar Energy Conversion Center Nankai University Tianjin P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Tianjin Tianjin P.R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Photoelectronic Technology of Ministry of Education Tianjin P.R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin P.R. China
| | - Pengyang Wang
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center Solar Energy Conversion Center Nankai University Tianjin P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Tianjin Tianjin P.R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Photoelectronic Technology of Ministry of Education Tianjin P.R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin P.R. China
| | - Biao Shi
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center Solar Energy Conversion Center Nankai University Tianjin P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Tianjin Tianjin P.R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Photoelectronic Technology of Ministry of Education Tianjin P.R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin P.R. China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center Solar Energy Conversion Center Nankai University Tianjin P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Tianjin Tianjin P.R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Photoelectronic Technology of Ministry of Education Tianjin P.R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin P.R. China
| | - Xiaodan Zhang
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center Solar Energy Conversion Center Nankai University Tianjin P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Tianjin Tianjin P.R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Photoelectronic Technology of Ministry of Education Tianjin P.R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin P.R. China
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41
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Li J, Li L, Chen W, Yi Q, Zou G. Room-temperature processed high-quality SnO 2 films by oxygen plasma activated e-beam evaporation. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:025606. [PMID: 32998117 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abbce9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Recently, SnO2 is considered to be one of the most promising materials as electron transport layer in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Low-temperature processed SnO2 films are crucial for SnO2-based PSCs and flexible devices. However, it is difficult to prepare stoichiometric SnO2 films by e-beam evaporation at low-temperature. Herein, SnO2 films are fabricated by oxygen plasma activated e-beam evaporation technique at room-temperature. Oxygen plasma shows strong oxidation activity, which is essential to adjust the stoichiometry of SnO x in the evaporation process. The SnO2 films exhibit uniformity (R q = 3.05 nm), high transmittance (T > 90%), high hall mobility (μ e = 10.8 cm2 V -1 s-1) and good hydrophilic (water contact angle =19°). This work will promote the application of SnO2 films in PSCs and flexible devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiankang Li
- Institute of Electronic Information Engineering, Suzhou Vocational University, Suzhou 215014, People's Republic of China
| | - Lutao Li
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations and Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiyuan Chen
- Institute of Electronic Information Engineering, Suzhou Vocational University, Suzhou 215014, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinghua Yi
- College of Physics and Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology and Jiangsu Laboratory of Ad-vanced Functional Materials, Changshu 215500, People's Republic of China
| | - Guifu Zou
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations and Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, People's Republic of China
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42
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Ye F, Ma J, Chen C, Wang H, Xu Y, Zhang S, Wang T, Tao C, Fang G. Roles of MACl in Sequentially Deposited Bromine-Free Perovskite Absorbers for Efficient Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2007126. [PMID: 33296122 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202007126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
So far, the combination of methylammonium bromide/methylammonium chloride (MABr/MACl) or methylammonium iodide (MAI)/MACl is the most frequently used additives to stabilize formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI3 ) fabricated by the sequential deposition method. However, the enlarged bandgap due to the addition of bromide and the ambiguous functions of these additives in lead iodide (PbI2 ) transformation are still worth considering. Herein, the roles of MACl in sequentially deposited Br-free FA-based perovskites are systematically investigated. It is found that MACl can finely regulate the PbI2 /FAI reaction, tune the phase transition at room temperature, and adjust intermediate-related perovskite crystallization and decomposition during thermal annealing. Compared to FAPbI3 , the perovskite with MACl exhibits larger grain, longer carrier lifetime, and reduced trap density. The resultant solar cell therefore achieves a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 23.1% under reverse scan with a stabilized power output of 23.0%. In addition, it shows much improved photostability under 100 mW cm-2 white illumination (xenon lamp) in nitrogen atmosphere without encapsulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feihong Ye
- Key Lab of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education of China, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Junjie Ma
- Key Lab of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education of China, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Cong Chen
- Key Lab of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education of China, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Haibing Wang
- Key Lab of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education of China, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Yuhao Xu
- Key Lab of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education of China, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Shunping Zhang
- Key Lab of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education of China, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Ti Wang
- Key Lab of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education of China, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Chen Tao
- Key Lab of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education of China, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Guojia Fang
- Key Lab of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education of China, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
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43
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Dong H, Pang S, Xu Y, Li Z, Zhang Z, Zhu W, Chen D, Xi H, Lin Z, Zhang J, Hao Y, Zhang C. Ultrawide Band Gap Oxide Semiconductor-Triggered Performance Improvement of Perovskite Solar Cells via the Novel Ga 2O 3/SnO 2 Composite Electron-Transporting Bilayer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:54703-54710. [PMID: 33241932 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c16168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), especially for the parameters of open-circuit voltage (Voc) and fill factor, is seriously restricted by the unavoidable interfacial charge recombination. In this study, an ultrawide band gap semiconductor material of Ga2O3 is introduced between fluorine-doped tin oxide and SnO2 to regulate the interfacial charge dynamics by forming the Ga2O3/SnO2 electron-transporting bilayer. Ga2O3 has an appropriate conduction band minimum which benefits the electron transport, and at the same time, it has a very deep valence band maximum which could be regarded as an effective blocking layer. Such an innovative structure triggers the advantages of a lower work function and a smoother surface of the electron-transporting bilayer which leads to a high-quality perovskite film. Furthermore, superior hole-blocking properties of the introduced Ga2O3 layer could effectively reduce the interfacial recombination. All the properties could help to improve the extracting and transporting ability of charge carriers synergistically. Finally, the efficiency and stability of PSCs are greatly enhanced. All results suggest that the performance of PSCs could be improved effectively by introducing the ultrawide band gap oxide semiconductor of Ga2O3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Dong
- Shaanxi Joint Key Laboratory of Graphene, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China
- Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Technology Disciplines State Key Laboratory, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China
| | - Shangzheng Pang
- Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Technology Disciplines State Key Laboratory, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China
| | - Yu Xu
- Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Technology Disciplines State Key Laboratory, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China
| | - Zhe Li
- Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Technology Disciplines State Key Laboratory, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China
| | - Zeyang Zhang
- Shaanxi Joint Key Laboratory of Graphene, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China
- Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Technology Disciplines State Key Laboratory, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China
| | - Weidong Zhu
- Shaanxi Joint Key Laboratory of Graphene, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China
- Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Technology Disciplines State Key Laboratory, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China
| | - Dazheng Chen
- Shaanxi Joint Key Laboratory of Graphene, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China
- Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Technology Disciplines State Key Laboratory, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China
| | - He Xi
- Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Technology Disciplines State Key Laboratory, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China
| | - Zhenhua Lin
- Shaanxi Joint Key Laboratory of Graphene, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China
- Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Technology Disciplines State Key Laboratory, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China
| | - Jincheng Zhang
- Shaanxi Joint Key Laboratory of Graphene, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China
- Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Technology Disciplines State Key Laboratory, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China
| | - Yue Hao
- Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Technology Disciplines State Key Laboratory, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China
| | - Chunfu Zhang
- Shaanxi Joint Key Laboratory of Graphene, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China
- Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Technology Disciplines State Key Laboratory, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China
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44
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Recent Progress and Challenges of Electron Transport Layers in Organic–Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13215572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Organic–inorganic perovskites are crystalline light absorbers which are gaining great attraction from the photovoltaic community. Surprisingly, the power conversion efficiencies of these perovskite solar cells have rapidly increased by over 25% in 2019, which is comparable to silicon solar cells. Despite the many advances in efficiency, there are still many areas to be improved to increase the efficiency and stability of commercialization. For commercialization and enhancement of applicability, the development of electron transport layer (ETL) and its interface for low temperature processes and efficient charge transfer are very important. In particular, understanding the ETL and its interface is of utmost importance, and when this understanding has been made enough, excellent research results have been published that can improve the efficiency and stability of the device. Here, we review the progress of perovskite solar cells. Especially we discuss recent important development of perovskite deposition method and its engineering as well as the electron transport layer.
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45
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Li S, Wu Y, Zhang C, Liu Y, Sun Q, Cui Y, Liu SF, Hao Y. Interface Modification of a Perovskite/Hole Transport Layer with Tetraphenyldibenzoperiflanthene for Highly Efficient and Stable Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:45073-45082. [PMID: 32921039 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c12544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Interface engineering has been recognized as a very effective method to simultaneously improve both efficiency and stability in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In this work, we report using an excellent small molecular material tetraphenyldibenzoperiflanthene (DBP) to modify the perovskite/Spiro-OMeTAD interface to achieve significantly improved solar cell performance. It is found that the ultrathin DBP interlayer accelerates hole transfer across the FAxMA1-xPbInBr3-n/Spiro-OMeTAD interface and effectively reduces the nonradiative recombination. The Kelvin probe force microscopy and energy band analyses reveal that the DBP modification helps build better matched energy level alignment and smaller energy loss for more fluent hole transport. Consequently, the DBP-treated PSCs achieve an enhanced open-circuit voltage as high as 1.184 V and fill factor as high as 78.2% as well as the negligible hysteresis. The champion PSC made with DBP gives a PCE of 21.49%, significantly increased compared to 19.68% from the reference cell without the modification. Moreover, DBP also serves as a water-resistant protection for improved moisture stability. The PCE of the DBP-treated cells without encapsulation remains more than 84% of its initial efficiency, which is significantly higher than that of the reference PSCs (65%) after 20 days of storage under an air environment with 50-65% humidity. This study provides an effective interface modification material to address notorious stability problems in Spiro-OMeTAD-based PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Li
- College of Physics and Optoelectronics, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Yukun Wu
- College of Physics and Optoelectronics, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Chenxi Zhang
- College of Physics and Optoelectronics, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Yifan Liu
- College of Physics and Optoelectronics, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Qinjun Sun
- College of Physics and Optoelectronics, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Yanxia Cui
- College of Physics and Optoelectronics, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Shengzhong Frank Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Yuying Hao
- College of Physics and Optoelectronics, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
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46
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Jeong M, Choi IW, Go EM, Cho Y, Kim M, Lee B, Jeong S, Jo Y, Choi HW, Lee J, Bae JH, Kwak SK, Kim DS, Yang C. Stable perovskite solar cells with efficiency exceeding 24.8% and 0.3-V voltage loss. Science 2020. [DOI: 10.1126/science.abb7167 article] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Jeong
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Perovtronics Research Center, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulju-gun, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - In Woo Choi
- Ulsan Advanced Energy Technology R&D Center, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Nam-gu, Ulsan 44776, Republic of Korea
- School of Electronics Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Min Go
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongjoon Cho
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Perovtronics Research Center, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulju-gun, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Minjin Kim
- Ulsan Advanced Energy Technology R&D Center, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Nam-gu, Ulsan 44776, Republic of Korea
| | - Byongkyu Lee
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Perovtronics Research Center, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulju-gun, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonghun Jeong
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Perovtronics Research Center, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulju-gun, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Yimhyun Jo
- Ulsan Advanced Energy Technology R&D Center, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Nam-gu, Ulsan 44776, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Won Choi
- Ulsan Advanced Energy Technology R&D Center, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Nam-gu, Ulsan 44776, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyun Lee
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hyuk Bae
- School of Electronics Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Kyu Kwak
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Suk Kim
- Ulsan Advanced Energy Technology R&D Center, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Nam-gu, Ulsan 44776, Republic of Korea
| | - Changduk Yang
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Perovtronics Research Center, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulju-gun, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
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47
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Jeong M, Choi IW, Go EM, Cho Y, Kim M, Lee B, Jeong S, Jo Y, Choi HW, Lee J, Bae JH, Kwak SK, Kim DS, Yang C. Stable perovskite solar cells with
efficiency exceeding 24.8% and 0.3-V voltage
loss. Science 2020; 369:1615-1620. [DOI: 10.1126/science.abb7167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 718] [Impact Index Per Article: 179.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Further improvement and stabilization of
perovskite solar cell (PSC) performance are
essential to achieve the commercial viability of
next-generation photovoltaics. Considering the
benefits of fluorination to conjugated materials
for energy levels, hydrophobicity, and noncovalent
interactions, two fluorinated isomeric analogs of
the well-known hole-transporting material (HTM)
Spiro-OMeTAD are developed and used as HTMs in
PSCs. The structure–property relationship induced
by constitutional isomerism is investigated
through experimental, atomistic, and theoretical
analyses, and the fabricated PSCs feature high
efficiency up to 24.82% (certified at 24.64% with
0.3-volt voltage loss), along with long-term
stability in wet conditions without encapsulation
(87% efficiency retention after 500 hours). We
also achieve an efficiency of 22.31% in the
large-area cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Jeong
- Department of Energy Engineering,
School of Energy and Chemical Engineering,
Perovtronics Research Center, Low Dimensional
Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute
of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulju-gun, Ulsan
44919, Republic of Korea
| | - In Woo Choi
- Ulsan Advanced Energy Technology
R&D Center, Korea Institute of Energy
Research, Nam-gu, Ulsan 44776, Republic of
Korea
- School of Electronics Engineering,
Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566,
Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Min Go
- Department of Energy Engineering,
School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan
National Institute of Science and Technology
(UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of
Korea
| | - Yongjoon Cho
- Department of Energy Engineering,
School of Energy and Chemical Engineering,
Perovtronics Research Center, Low Dimensional
Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute
of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulju-gun, Ulsan
44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Minjin Kim
- Ulsan Advanced Energy Technology
R&D Center, Korea Institute of Energy
Research, Nam-gu, Ulsan 44776, Republic of
Korea
| | - Byongkyu Lee
- Department of Energy Engineering,
School of Energy and Chemical Engineering,
Perovtronics Research Center, Low Dimensional
Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute
of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulju-gun, Ulsan
44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonghun Jeong
- Department of Energy Engineering,
School of Energy and Chemical Engineering,
Perovtronics Research Center, Low Dimensional
Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute
of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulju-gun, Ulsan
44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Yimhyun Jo
- Ulsan Advanced Energy Technology
R&D Center, Korea Institute of Energy
Research, Nam-gu, Ulsan 44776, Republic of
Korea
| | - Hye Won Choi
- Ulsan Advanced Energy Technology
R&D Center, Korea Institute of Energy
Research, Nam-gu, Ulsan 44776, Republic of
Korea
| | - Jiyun Lee
- Department of Energy Engineering,
School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan
National Institute of Science and Technology
(UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of
Korea
| | - Jin-Hyuk Bae
- School of Electronics Engineering,
Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566,
Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Kyu Kwak
- Department of Energy Engineering,
School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan
National Institute of Science and Technology
(UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of
Korea
| | - Dong Suk Kim
- Ulsan Advanced Energy Technology
R&D Center, Korea Institute of Energy
Research, Nam-gu, Ulsan 44776, Republic of
Korea
| | - Changduk Yang
- Department of Energy Engineering,
School of Energy and Chemical Engineering,
Perovtronics Research Center, Low Dimensional
Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute
of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulju-gun, Ulsan
44919, Republic of Korea
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48
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Cao F, Wang M, Li L. Graded energy band engineering for efficient perovskite solar cells. NANO SELECT 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/nano.202000005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fengren Cao
- School of Physical Science and TechnologyCenter for Energy Conversion Materials & Physics (CECMP)Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin FilmsSoochow University Suzhou 215006 P. R. China
| | - Meng Wang
- School of Physical Science and TechnologyCenter for Energy Conversion Materials & Physics (CECMP)Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin FilmsSoochow University Suzhou 215006 P. R. China
| | - Liang Li
- School of Physical Science and TechnologyCenter for Energy Conversion Materials & Physics (CECMP)Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin FilmsSoochow University Suzhou 215006 P. R. China
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