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Feng L, Xiang Y, Li Z, Li Q, Dong H, Yan S, Xu B, Hou J. Non-Ionic Perylene-Diimide Polymer as Universal Cathode Interlayer for Conventional, Inverted, and Blade-Coated Organic Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202410857. [PMID: 39073201 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202410857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
As a class of predominantly used cathode interlayers (CILs) in organic solar cells (OSCs), perylene-diimide (PDI)-based polymers exhibit intriguing characteristics of excellent charge transporting capacity and suitable energy levels. Despite that, PDI-based CILs with satisfied film-forming ability and adequate solvent resistance are rather rare, which not only limits the further advance of OSC performances but also hinders the practical use of PDI CILs. Herein, we designed and synthesized two non-conjugated PDI polymers for achieving high power conversion efficiency (PCE) in diverse types of OSCs. The utilization of oligo (ethylene glycol) (OEG) linkage enhanced the n-doping effect of PDI polymers, leading to an improved ability of the CIL to reduce work function and improve electron transporting capability. Moreover, the introduction of the non-ionic OEG chain effectively improve the wetting property and solvent resistance of PDI polymers, so the PPDINN CIL can withstand diverse processing conditions in fabricating different OSCs, including conventional, inverted and blade-coated devices. The binary OSC with conventional structure using PPDINN CIL showed a PCE of 18.6 %, along with an improved device stability. Besides, PPDINN is compatible with the large-area blade-coating technique, and a PCE of 16.6 % was achieved in the 1-cm2 OSC where a blade-coated PPDINN was used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luxin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Yanhe Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Zhe Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Qingyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Hongliang Dong
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Pudong, Shanghai, 201203, P.R. China
| | - Shouke Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Bowei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Jianhui Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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2
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Bao Y, Feng H, Chen X, Liu Z, Li Z, Wang Y, Zhao B, Liu S, Zhang X, Wu W, Gao C. Magnetic Nanocomposite Modified Hybrid Hole-Transport Layer for Constructing Organic Solar Cells with High Efficiencies. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:54081-54091. [PMID: 39327723 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c15255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
An interface modification layer holds paramount significance in reducing interface carrier recombination and improving the ohmic contact between the active layer and the electrode in organic solar cells (OSCs). Modifying or doping the widely used hole-transport layer (HTL) PEDOT:PSS to adjust the work function, conductivity, and acidity has become a common strategy for achieving high-performance OSCs. Metal oxides and two-dimensional materials as secondary dopants into PEDOT:PSS, respectively, as well as a replacement of PEDOT:PSS both exhibit immense potential for achieving high-performance OSCs due to their excellent electrical properties. Herein, we report a method utilizing a Fe3O4/GO magnetic nanocomposite as a secondary dopant for PEDOT:PSS to modulate its inherent properties for constructing high-efficiency OSCs. The magnetic nanocomposite hybrid HTL exhibits a suitable optical transmittance and higher work function. Meanwhile, it is found that the addition of Fe3O4/GO magnetic nanoparticles expands the domain of PEDOT and enhances the phase separation between PEDOT and PSS segments, thereby improving the conductivity of PEDOT:PSS. By fine-tuning the doping ratio of a Fe3O4/GO magnetic nanocomposite in PEDOT:PSS, the best power conversion efficiency of OSCs based on PM6:L8-BO was up to 18.91%. The notable enhancement of the device's performance was due to the enhanced hole mobility and the improved charge extraction, further complemented by the decreased likelihood of interface recombination brought about by the hybrid HTL. Compared with PEDOT:PSS-based OSCs, an enhanced stability of the hybrid HTL-based device was also obtained. In addition, the diverse adaptability of the hybrid HTL was demonstrated in enhancing the performance of OSCs that are based on PM6:Y6 and PBDB-T:ITIC. The effectiveness and versatility of a magnetic nanocomposite hybrid HTL present opportunities for achieving high-performance OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinhui Bao
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Smart Sensors, Key Laboratory of Artificial Olfaction of Shaanxi Higher Education Institutes, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of High-Orbits-Electron Materials and Protection Technology for Aerospace, School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Xidian University, Shaanxi 710126, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Electromechanical Integrated Manufacturing of High-Performance Electronic Equipment, Xidian University, Shaanxi 710126, People's Republic of China
| | - Huanran Feng
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Smart Sensors, Key Laboratory of Artificial Olfaction of Shaanxi Higher Education Institutes, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of High-Orbits-Electron Materials and Protection Technology for Aerospace, School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Xidian University, Shaanxi 710126, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Electromechanical Integrated Manufacturing of High-Performance Electronic Equipment, Xidian University, Shaanxi 710126, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Chen
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Smart Sensors, Key Laboratory of Artificial Olfaction of Shaanxi Higher Education Institutes, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of High-Orbits-Electron Materials and Protection Technology for Aerospace, School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Xidian University, Shaanxi 710126, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Electromechanical Integrated Manufacturing of High-Performance Electronic Equipment, Xidian University, Shaanxi 710126, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihui Liu
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Smart Sensors, Key Laboratory of Artificial Olfaction of Shaanxi Higher Education Institutes, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of High-Orbits-Electron Materials and Protection Technology for Aerospace, School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Xidian University, Shaanxi 710126, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Electromechanical Integrated Manufacturing of High-Performance Electronic Equipment, Xidian University, Shaanxi 710126, People's Republic of China
| | - Zifei Li
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Smart Sensors, Key Laboratory of Artificial Olfaction of Shaanxi Higher Education Institutes, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of High-Orbits-Electron Materials and Protection Technology for Aerospace, School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Xidian University, Shaanxi 710126, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Electromechanical Integrated Manufacturing of High-Performance Electronic Equipment, Xidian University, Shaanxi 710126, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanzhang Wang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Smart Sensors, Key Laboratory of Artificial Olfaction of Shaanxi Higher Education Institutes, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of High-Orbits-Electron Materials and Protection Technology for Aerospace, School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Xidian University, Shaanxi 710126, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Electromechanical Integrated Manufacturing of High-Performance Electronic Equipment, Xidian University, Shaanxi 710126, People's Republic of China
| | - Baofeng Zhao
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Liquid Crystal and Organic Photovoltaic Materials, State Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemicals, Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Shaanxi 710126, People's Republic of China
| | - Shujuan Liu
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Liquid Crystal and Organic Photovoltaic Materials, State Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemicals, Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Shaanxi 710126, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyv Zhang
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Liquid Crystal and Organic Photovoltaic Materials, State Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemicals, Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Shaanxi 710126, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Wu
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Smart Sensors, Key Laboratory of Artificial Olfaction of Shaanxi Higher Education Institutes, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of High-Orbits-Electron Materials and Protection Technology for Aerospace, School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Xidian University, Shaanxi 710126, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Electromechanical Integrated Manufacturing of High-Performance Electronic Equipment, Xidian University, Shaanxi 710126, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Gao
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Liquid Crystal and Organic Photovoltaic Materials, State Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemicals, Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Shaanxi 710126, People's Republic of China
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Li S, Chen W, Shi C, Gong Y, Yang K, Jiang L, Lu X, Xie H, Yuan J, Zou Y. Designed Polar Cosolvent-Prepared Zinc Oxide Film for Efficient and Stable Inverted Organic Solar Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2405743. [PMID: 39344217 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202405743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2024] [Revised: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
Here, a simple method of applying dimethylformamide (DMF) as cosolvent in the sol-gel technology is used to improve the quality of ZnO bulk films. First-principles calculations show that with the addition of polar solvent DMF, the adsorption energy (Eads) between the solvent and Zn(OH)₂ increases from -1.42 to -1.74 eV, which can stabilize the existence of Zn(OH)₂, thereby promoting the ZnO synthesis. Besides, the elimination of amine residues in the DMF-ZnO film significantly suppress the photocatalytic activity induced by amine-induced coordination or redox reactions. Inverted organic solar cells (OSCs) based on PM6:Y6 and PM6:BTP-eC9 achieves impressive power conversion efficiencies (PCE) of 17.58 and 18.14%, respectively. Furthermore, benefiting from the reduced defects of bulk ZnO, pseudo-bilayer bulk heterojunction (PBHJ) devices based on the optimized ZnO film exhibited superior stability, the PM6:Y6 devices based on DMF-ZnO ETLs can maintain 90.28% of their initial PCE after 1000 h of thermal aging at 85 °C, and 80.98% of their initial PCE after 168 h of UV aging. This simple solvent optimization strategy can significantly improve the charge transport of ZnO bulk films, making it a reliable strategy for the preparation of electron transport layers in OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shufang Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Weikun Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Changzhou Shi
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Yuxia Gong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Ke Yang
- Organic Semiconductor Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China
| | - Lihui Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Xinhui Lu
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Haipeng Xie
- Institute of Super-Microstructure and Ultrafast Process in Advance Materials, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, 410012, China
| | - Jun Yuan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Yingping Zou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
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4
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Li S, He Z, Zhang S, Hao Z, Zhong H. Polyfluoride Acceptor with Limited Molecular Diffusion Enables Efficient and Stable Ternary Organic Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:46332-46340. [PMID: 39177447 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c09336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Due to the slow diffusion of photovoltaic molecules, in particular, small-molecule acceptors (SMAs), under light and heating, the morphology of the active layer in organic solar cells (OSCs) prefers to deviate from the favorably metastable status, leading to the challenge of stability during long-term operation. Employing materials with a high glass transition temperature (Tg) as the third component to suppress molecular diffusion is an efficient method to achieve the balance of efficiency and stability of OSCs. Herein, a dimerized small-molecule acceptor denoted as F6D is synthesized by introducing a polyfluoride moiety as the linker to enhance the Tg. Benefitting from a rational molecular design, F6D not only exhibits a higher Tg, complementary absorption, and cascade energy levels with the host materials of the polymer donor PM6 and the SMA Y6 but also has excellent miscibility and multiple intermolecular interactions with Y6. As a result, a champion power conversion efficiency of 17.52% is achieved in the optimal PM6:Y6:F6D-based device. More importantly, the ternary device exhibits superior stability under continuous heating and lighting compared with the binary device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200230, China
| | - Zhilong He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200230, China
| | - Shimin Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200230, China
| | - Zhe Hao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200230, China
| | - Hongliang Zhong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200230, China
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5
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Lei H, Yu F, Chen C, Li Y, Hu D, Chen Y, Tian G, Liu L, Yang K, Xiao Z. Electron Transporting Polymeric Materials with Partial Quaternization for High-Performance Organic Solar Cells. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024:e2400479. [PMID: 39122476 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202400479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Efficient cathode interfacial layers (CILs) have become a crucial component of organic solar cells (OSCs). Charge extraction barriers, interfacial trap states, and significant transport resistance may be induced due to the unfavorable cathode interlayer, limiting the device performance. In this study, poly(4-vinylpyridine) is used as the CIL for OSCs, and a new type of CIL named P4VP-I is synthesized through the quaternization strategy. Compared to P4VP, P4VP-I CIL exhibits enhanced conductivity and optimized work function. OSCs employing the P4VP-I ETL demonstrate prolonged carrier lifetime, suppressed charge recombination, and achieve higher power conversion efficiencies (PCE) than the commonly used ETLs such as PFN-Br and Phen-NaDPO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Lei
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Fengyi Yu
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China
| | - Yulu Li
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Dingqin Hu
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China
| | - Gengsui Tian
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China
| | - Ke Yang
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China
| | - Zeyun Xiao
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China
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Wang C, Guo K, Deng Y, Geng Y. Design Strategy for the Synthesis of Self-Doped n-Type Molecules. Chempluschem 2024:e202400286. [PMID: 38858773 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202400286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
n-Type organic conductive molecules play a significant role in organic electronics. Self-doping can increase the carrier concentration within the materials to improve the conductivity without the need for additional intentional dopants. This review focuses on the various strategies employed in the synthesis of self-doped n-type molecules, and provides an overview of the doping mechanisms. By elucidating these mechanisms, the review aims to establish the relationship between molecular structure and electronic properties. Furthermore, the review outlines the current applications of self-doped n-type molecules in the field of organic electronics, highlighting their performance and potential in various devices. It also offers insights into the future development of self-doped materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Key Laboratory of Organic Integrated Circuits, Ministry of Education, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), 300072, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Kai Guo
- Schools of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 255000, Zibo, China
| | - Yunfeng Deng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Key Laboratory of Organic Integrated Circuits, Ministry of Education, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), 300072, Tianjin, P. R. China
- Joint School of National University of Singapore, Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, 350207, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yanhou Geng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Key Laboratory of Organic Integrated Circuits, Ministry of Education, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), 300072, Tianjin, P. R. China
- Joint School of National University of Singapore, Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, 350207, Fuzhou, China
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Li Y, Zhou D, Han L, Quan J, Wang F, Yang X, Hu L, Wang J, Xu H, Chen L. N-Type Small Molecule Electron Transport Layers with Excellent Surface Energy and Moisture Resistance Siloxane for Non-Fullerene Organic Solar Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2308961. [PMID: 38059861 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202308961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Electron transport layers (ETLs) generally contain polar groups for enhancing performance and reducing the work function. Nevertheless, the polar group with high surface energy may cause inferior interfacial compatibility, which challenges the ETLs to balance stability and performance. Here, two conjugated small molecules of ETLs with low surface energy siloxane, namely PDI-Si and PDIN-Si, are synthesized. The siloxane with low surface energy not only enhances the interfacial compatibility between ETLs and active layers but also improves the moisture-proof stability of the device. Impressively, the amine-functionalized PDIN-Si can simultaneously exhibit conspicuous n-type self-doping properties and outstanding moisture-proof stability. The optimization of interfacial contact and morphology enables the PM6:Y6-based OSC with PDIN-Si to achieve a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 15.87%, which is slightly superior to that of classical ETL PDINO devices (15.27%), and when the PDIN-Si film thickness reaches 28 nm, the PCE remains at 13.19% (≈83%), which indicates that PDIN-Si has satisfactory thickness insensitivity to facilitate roll-to-roll processing. Excitingly, after 120 h of storage in an environment with humidity above 45%, the unencapsulated device with PDIN-Si as ETL remains at 75% of the initial PCE value, while the device with PDINO as ETL is only 50%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubing Li
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants, Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, 696 Fenghe South Avenue, Nanchang, 330063, China
| | - Dan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants, Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, 696 Fenghe South Avenue, Nanchang, 330063, China
| | - Liangjing Han
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants, Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, 696 Fenghe South Avenue, Nanchang, 330063, China
| | - Jianwei Quan
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants, Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, 696 Fenghe South Avenue, Nanchang, 330063, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants, Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, 696 Fenghe South Avenue, Nanchang, 330063, China
| | - Xufang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants, Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, 696 Fenghe South Avenue, Nanchang, 330063, China
| | - Lin Hu
- China-Australia Institute for Advanced Materials and Manufacturing (IAMM), Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, China
| | - Jianru Wang
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants, Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, 696 Fenghe South Avenue, Nanchang, 330063, China
| | - Haitao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants, Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, 696 Fenghe South Avenue, Nanchang, 330063, China
| | - Lie Chen
- Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry (IPEC), Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, 330031, China
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8
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Zhu X, Yang L, Pan Y, Yang Y, Ding X, Wan C, Zhang Z, Luo Y, Zhou Q, Wang L, Xiao S. A Three-Dimensional Non-Fullerene Acceptor with Contorted Hexabenzocoronene and Perylenediimide for Organic Solar Cells. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202304167. [PMID: 38243781 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202304167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Although fullerene derivatives such as [6,6]-phenyl-C61/C71-butyric acid methyl ester (PC61BM/PC71BM) have dominated the the photoactive acceptor materials in bulk heterojunction organic solar cells (OSCs) for decades, they have several drawbacks such as weak absorption, limited structural tunability, prone to aggregation, and high costs of production. Constructing non-fullerene small molecules with three-dimensional (3D) molecular geometry is one of the strategies to replace fullerenes in OSCs. In this study, a 3D molecule, contorted hexa-cata-hexabenzocoronene tetra perylenediimide (HBC-4-PDI), was designed and synthesized. HBC-4-PDI shows a wide and strong light absorption in the whole UV-vis region as well as suitable energy levels as an acceptor for OSCs. More importantly, the 3D construction effectively reduced the self-aggregation of c-HBC, leading to an appropriate scale phase separation of the blend film morphology in OSCs. A preliminary power conversion efficiency of 2.70 % with a champion open-circuit voltage of 1.06 V was obtained in OSCs with HBC-4-PDI as the acceptor, which was the highest among the previously reported OSCs based on c-HBC derivatives. The results indicated that HBC-4-PDI may serve as a good non-fullerene acceptor for OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhu
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry, Joint International Research Laboratory of Resource Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Non-carbon Energy Conversion and Utilization Institute, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, P. R. China
| | - Lei Yang
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry, Joint International Research Laboratory of Resource Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Non-carbon Energy Conversion and Utilization Institute, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, P. R. China
| | - Yangyang Pan
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry, Joint International Research Laboratory of Resource Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Non-carbon Energy Conversion and Utilization Institute, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, P. R. China
| | - Yuqin Yang
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry, Joint International Research Laboratory of Resource Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Non-carbon Energy Conversion and Utilization Institute, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, P. R. China
| | - Xuming Ding
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry, Joint International Research Laboratory of Resource Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Non-carbon Energy Conversion and Utilization Institute, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, P. R. China
| | - Chuanming Wan
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry, Joint International Research Laboratory of Resource Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Non-carbon Energy Conversion and Utilization Institute, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, P. R. China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry, Joint International Research Laboratory of Resource Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Non-carbon Energy Conversion and Utilization Institute, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, P. R. China
| | - Yun Luo
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry, Joint International Research Laboratory of Resource Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Non-carbon Energy Conversion and Utilization Institute, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, P. R. China
| | - Qinghai Zhou
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry, Joint International Research Laboratory of Resource Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Non-carbon Energy Conversion and Utilization Institute, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, P. R. China
| | - Liwei Wang
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry, Joint International Research Laboratory of Resource Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Non-carbon Energy Conversion and Utilization Institute, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, P. R. China
| | - Shengxiong Xiao
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry, Joint International Research Laboratory of Resource Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Non-carbon Energy Conversion and Utilization Institute, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, P. R. China
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9
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Ma X, Li T, Song G, He Z, Cao Y. Chemisorption-Induced Robust and Homogeneous Tungsten Disulfide Interlayer Enables Stable PEDOT-Free Organic Solar Cells with Over 19% Efficiency. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:3051-3058. [PMID: 38427970 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c04519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Construction of a high-quality charge transport layer (CTL) with intimate contact with the substrate via tailored interface engineering is crucial to increase the overall charge transfer kinetics and stability for a bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) organic solar cell (OSC). Here, we demonstrate a surface chemistry strategy to achieve a homogeneous composite hole transport layer (C-HTL) with robust substrate contact by self-assembling two-dimensional tungsten disulfide (WS2) nanosheets on a thin molybdenum oxide (MoO3) film-evaporated indium tin oxide (ITO) substrate. It is found that over such a well-defined C-HTL, WS2 is homogeneously tethered on the ITO/MoO3 substrate stemming from the strong electronic coupling interaction between the building blocks, which enables a favorable interfacial configuration in terms of uniformity. As a result, the D18:L8-BO-based OSC with C-HTL exhibits a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 19.23%, an 11% improvement over the WS2-based control device, and the highest efficiency among single-junction PEDOT-free binary BHJ OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Ma
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, School of Material Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Li
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, School of Material Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Song
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, School of Material Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhicai He
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, School of Material Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Cao
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, School of Material Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
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10
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Du B, Ma M, Zhang P, Wu S, Bin H, Li Y. High-Performance All-Small-Molecule Organic Solar Cells Fabricated via Halogen-Free Preparation Process. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:2564-2572. [PMID: 38165814 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c14992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
Small-molecule organic photovoltaic materials attract more attention attributing to their precisely defined structure, ease of synthesis, and reduced batch-to-batch variations. The majority of all-small-molecule organic solar cells (ASM-OSCs) have traditionally relied on halogenated solvents for dissolving photovoltaic materials as well as used for the additives or solvent vapor annealing. However, these halogen-based processes pose risks to the environment and human health, potentially impeding future commercial production. Herein, we conducted an investigation into the impact of various nonhalogen solvents on the performance of the devices. By selecting the high boiling point solvent toluene, we achieved a desirable phase separation and stable morphology characterized by fibrous crystals within the blend film. Consequently, the power conversion efficiencies of 14.4 and 11.7% were obtained from H31:Y6-based small-area (0.04 cm2) and large-area (1 cm2) devices with steady performance, respectively. This study successfully demonstrated the fabrication of ASM-OSCs without employing halogenated solvent processes, thus offering promising prospects for the commercial production of ASM-OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Du
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Mengyuan Ma
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Panpan Zhang
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Shangrong Wu
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Haijun Bin
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Yongfang Li
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, P. R. China
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11
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Xu Z, Meitzner R, Anand A, Djoumessi AS, Stumpf S, Neumann C, Turchanin A, Müller FA, Schubert US, Hoppe H. Dual-Use Self-Assembled Monolayer Controlling Charge Carrier Extraction in Organic Solar Cells. SMALL METHODS 2023:e2301451. [PMID: 38161249 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The development and use of interface materials are essential to the continued advancement of organic solar cells (OSCs) performance. Self-assembled monolayer (SAM) materials have drawn attention because of their simple structure and affordable price. Due to their unique properties, they may be used in inverted devices as a modification layer for modifying ZnO or as a hole transport layer (HTL) in place of typical poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) in conventional devices. In this work, zinc oxide (ZnO) is modified using five structurally similar SAM materials. This resulted in a smoother surface, a decrease in work function, a suppression of charge recombination, and an increase in device efficiency and photostability. In addition, they can introduced asfor hole extraction layer between the active layer and MoO3 , enabling the use of the same material at several functional layers in the same device. Through systematic orthogonal evaluation, it is shown that some SAM/active layer/SAM combinations still offered device efficiencies comparable to ZnO/SAM, but with improved device' photostability. This study may provide recommendations for future SAM material's design and development as well as a strategy for boosting device performance by using the same material across both sides of the photoactive layer in OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Xu
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7a, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Rico Meitzner
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7a, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Helmholtz Center Berlin for Materials and Energy GmbH, Zum Grossen Windkanal 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Aman Anand
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7a, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Aurelien Sokeng Djoumessi
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7a, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Steffi Stumpf
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Christof Neumann
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7a, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Lessingstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Abbe Center of Photonics, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 6, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Andrey Turchanin
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7a, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Lessingstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Abbe Center of Photonics, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 6, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Frank A Müller
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7a, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Otto-Schott-Institute of Materials Research (OSIM), Friedrich-Schiller-University of Jena, Löbdergraben 32, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Ulrich S Schubert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7a, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Harald Hoppe
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7a, 07743, Jena, Germany
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12
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Nasrun RFB, Son DH, Kim JH. Novel Polyelectrolytes Based on Naphthalene Diimide with Different Counteranions for Cathode Interlayers in Polymer Solar Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:522. [PMID: 38203694 PMCID: PMC10779300 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
We synthesized novel polyelectrolytes based on naphthalene diimide with quaternary amine featuring hydroxyl groups at the side chain, along with different counteranions (PF-NDIN-Br-OH and PF-NDIN-I-OH) for polymer solar cell (PSC) application as the interlayer. The polyelectrolytes establish a beneficial interface dipole through the ionic moieties and synergistic effects arising from the hydroxyl groups located at the side chain. Incorporating polyelectrolytes as the cathode interlayer resulted in an enhancement of the power conversion efficiency (PCE). The PCE of the device with PF-NDIN-Br-OH increased from 8.96% to 9.51% compared to the ZnO-only device. The best PCE was obtained with the device based on PF-NDIN-I-OH, up to 9.59% resulting from the Jsc enhancement. This outcome implies a correlation between the performance of the device and the synergistic effects observed in polyelectrolytes containing hydroxyl groups in the side chain, along with larger anions when employed in PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahmatia Fitri Binti Nasrun
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea; (R.F.B.N.); (D.H.S.)
- CECS Research Institute, Core Research Institute, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hwan Son
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea; (R.F.B.N.); (D.H.S.)
- CECS Research Institute, Core Research Institute, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Hyun Kim
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea; (R.F.B.N.); (D.H.S.)
- CECS Research Institute, Core Research Institute, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
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13
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Jing W, Xu X, Yu L, Peng Q. Structure Influence of Amine-Containing Additives on the Solution State and Out-of-Plane Conductivity of PEDOT:PSS for Efficient Organic Solar Cells. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2300400. [PMID: 37469203 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Additives are extensively explored for improving PEDOT:PSS performances mainly through the removal of excess PSS and as a secondary dopant. In this work, amine-containing additives are introduced to PEDOT:PSS solutions as processing additives where the interactions to the PSS are anticipated through electrostatic interactions. Such interactions affected solution property where the increased viscosity is found to significantly increase the out-of-plane conductivity of the PEDOT:PSS thin films. Organic solar cells adopting these additive-assisted processed PEDOT:PSS layers as hole transporting layers (HTL) showed the improved device performances that resulted from the reduced series resistance provided by the PEDOT:PSS HTL. A top power conversion efficiency of 18.28% is achieved with para-phenylenediamine (PPD) additive in the PEDOT:PSS HTL, which is 3.5% higher compared to devices with neat PEDOT:PSS thin film as the HTL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Jing
- School of Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Liyang Yu
- School of Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Peng
- School of Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
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14
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Ran X, Shi Y, Qiu D, Zhang J, Lu K, Wei Z. The central core size effect in quinoxaline-based non-fullerene acceptors for high VOC organic solar cells. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:18291-18299. [PMID: 37941482 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr05077g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
For organic solar cells (OSCs), obtaining a high open circuit voltage (VOC) is often accompanied by the sacrifice of the circuit current density (JSC) and filling factor (FF), and it is difficult to strike a balance between VOC and JSC × FF. The trade-off of these parameters is often the critical factor limiting the improvement of the power conversion efficiency (PCE). Extended backbone conjugation and side chain engineering of non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) are effective strategies to optimize the performance of OSCs. Herein, based on the quinoxaline central core and branched alkyl chains at the β position of the thiophene unit, we designed and synthesized three NFAs with different sized cores. Interestingly, Qx-BO-3 with a smaller central core showed better planarity and more appropriate crystallinity. As a result, PM6:Qx-BO-3-based devices obtained more suitable phase separation, more efficient exciton dissociation, and charge transport properties. Therefore, the OSCs based on PM6:Qx-BO-3 yielded an outstanding PCE of 17.03%, significantly higher than the devices based on PM6:Qx-BO-1 (10.57%) and PM6:Qx-BO-2 (11.34%) although the latter two devices have lower VOC losses. These results indicated that fine-tuning the central core size can effectively optimize the molecular geometry of NFAs and the film morphology of OSCs. This work provides an effective method for designing high-performance NFA-OSCs with high VOCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinya Ran
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China.
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Sino-Danish College University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yanan Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Dingding Qiu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China.
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Sino-Danish College University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jianqi Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Kun Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China.
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Sino-Danish College University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhixiang Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China.
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Sino-Danish College University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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15
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Xiang J, Liu ZX, Chen H, Li CZ. Robust and Sustainable Indium Anode Leading to Efficient and Stable Organic Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2303729. [PMID: 37452690 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202303729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
The fast degradation of the charge-extraction interface at indium tin oxide (ITO) poses a significant obstacle to achieving long-term stability for organic solar cells (OSCs). Herein, a sustainable approach for recycling non-sustainable indium to construct efficient and stable OSCs and scale-up modules is developed. It is revealed that the recovered indium chloride (InCl3 ) from indium oxide waste can be applied as an effective hole-selective interfacial layer for the ITO electrode (noted as InCl3 -ITO anode) through simple aqueous fabrication, facilitating not only energy level alignment to photoactive blends but also mitigating parasitic absorption and charge recombination losses of the corresponding OSCs. As a result, OSCs and modules consisting of InCl3 -ITO anodes achieve remarkable power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 18.92% and 15.20% (active area of 18.73 cm2 ), respectively. More importantly, the InCl3 -ITO anode can significantly extend the thermal stability of derived OSCs, with an extrapolated T80 lifetime of ≈10 000 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Xi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Hongzheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Chang-Zhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
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16
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Liang H, Bi X, Chen H, He T, Lin Y, Zhang Y, Ma K, Feng W, Ma Z, Long G, Li C, Kan B, Zhang H, Rakitin OA, Wan X, Yao Z, Chen Y. A rare case of brominated small molecule acceptors for high-efficiency organic solar cells. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4707. [PMID: 37543678 PMCID: PMC10404295 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40423-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Given that bromine possesses similar properties but extra merits of easily synthesizing and polarizing comparing to homomorphic fluorine and chlorine, it is quite surprising very rare high-performance brominated small molecule acceptors have been reported. This may be caused by undesirable film morphologies stemming from relatively larger steric hindrance and excessive crystallinity of bromides. To maximize the advantages of bromides while circumventing weaknesses, three acceptors (CH20, CH21 and CH22) are constructed with stepwise brominating on central units rather than conventional end groups, thus enhancing intermolecular packing, crystallinity and dielectric constant of them without damaging the favorable intermolecular packing through end groups. Consequently, PM6:CH22-based binary organic solar cells render the highest efficiency of 19.06% for brominated acceptors, more excitingly, a record-breaking efficiency of 15.70% when further thickening active layers to ~500 nm. By exhibiting such a rare high-performance brominated acceptor, our work highlights the great potential for achieving record-breaking organic solar cells through delicately brominating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huazhe Liang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Xingqi Bi
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongbin Chen
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Tengfei He
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Yi Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Center for Advanced Low-dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 201620, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunxin Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, 300350, Tianjin, China
| | - Kangqiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Wanying Feng
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Zaifei Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Center for Advanced Low-dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 201620, Shanghai, China
| | - Guankui Long
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, 300350, Tianjin, China
| | - Chenxi Li
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Bin Kan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, 300350, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongtao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Oleg A Rakitin
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Xiangjian Wan
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhaoyang Yao
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China.
| | - Yongsheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China.
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17
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Morab S, Sundaram MM, Pivrikas A. Influence of Traps and Lorentz Force on Charge Transport in Organic Semiconductors. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:4691. [PMID: 37445005 DOI: 10.3390/ma16134691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Charge transport characteristics in organic semiconductor devices become altered in the presence of traps due to defects or impurities in the semiconductors. These traps can lead to a decrease in charge carrier mobility and an increase in recombination rates, thereby ultimately affecting the overall performance of the device. It is therefore important to understand and mitigate the impact of traps on organic semiconductor devices. In this contribution, the influence of the capture and release times of trap states, recombination rates, and the Lorentz force on the net charge of a low-mobility organic semiconductor was determined using the finite element method (FEM) and Hall effect method through numerical simulations. The findings suggest that increasing magnetic fields had a lesser impact on net charge at constant capture and release times of trap states. On the other hand, by increasing the capture time of trap states at a constant magnetic field and fixed release time, the net charge extracted from the semiconductor device increased with increasing capture time. Moreover, the net charge extracted from the semiconductor device was nearly four and eight times greater in the case of the non-Langevin recombination rates of 0.01 and 0.001, respectively, when compared to the Langevin rate. These results imply that the non-Langevin recombination rate can significantly enhance the performance of semiconductor devices, particularly in applications that require efficient charge extraction. These findings pave the way for the development of more efficient and cost-effective electronic devices with improved charge transport properties and higher power conversion efficiencies, thus further opening up new avenues for research and innovation in this area of modern semiconductor technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seema Morab
- College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
| | | | - Almantas Pivrikas
- College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
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Nasrun RFB, Nisa QAK, Salma SA, Kim JH. Cathode Interlayer Based on Naphthalene Diimide: A Modification Strategy for Zinc-Oxide-Free Inverted Organic Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:21324-21332. [PMID: 37071042 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c02181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Perylene diimide with ammonium oxide as a terminal group (named PDIN-O) is a well-known cathode interlayer in conventional-type organic solar cells (OSCs). Since naphthalene diimide exhibits a lower LUMO level than perylene diimide, we chose it as a core to further control the LUMO level of the materials. Small molecules (SMs) produce a beneficial interfacial dipole by the end of ionic functionality at the side chain of naphthalene diimide. With the active layer based on a nonfullerene acceptor (PM6:Y6BO), the power conversion efficiency (PCE) is enhanced by utilizing SMs as cathode interlayers. We discovered that the inverted-type OSC with naphthalene diimide with oxide as a counteranion (NDIN-O) shows poor thermal stability, which can cause irreversible damage to the interlayer-cathode contact, leading to poor PCE (11.1%). To overcome the disadvantage, we introduce NDIN-Br and NDIN-I with a higher decomposition temperature. An excellent PCE of 14.6% was achieved with the device based on NDIN-Br as an interlayer, which is almost the same as the PCE of the ZnO-based device (15.0%). The device based on NDIN-I without the ZnO layer exhibits an improved PCE of 15.4%, which is slightly higher than the ZnO-based device. The result offers a replacement of the ZnO interlayer, which is necessary to carefully manage the sol-gel transition by annealing temperatures as high as 200 °C and leading to low-cost manufacture of OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Joo Hyun Kim
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea
- CECS Research Institute, Core Research Institute, Busan 48513, Korea
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