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Pei Y, Ren Z, Wu X, Lv Y, Liang N, Gao H, Dong P, Luo X, Guo J. Iodine intercalation-assisted alkali activation constructs coal-based porous carbon for high-performance supercapacitors. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 669:518-528. [PMID: 38723540 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.04.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024]
Abstract
Supercapacitors have the advantages of fast charging and discharging speeds, high power density, long cycle life, and wide operating temperature range. They are widely used in portable electronic equipment, rail transit, industry, military, aerospace, and other fields. The design and preparation of low-cost, high-performance electrode materials still pose a bottleneck that hinders the development of supercapacitors. In this paper, coal was used as the raw material, and the coal-based porous carbon electrode material was constructed using the iodine intercalation-assisted activation method and used for supercapacitors. The CK-700 electrode exhibits excellent charge storage performance in a 6 M potassium hydroxide (KOH) electrolyte, with a maximum specific capacitance of 350 F/g at a current density of 0.5 A/g. In addition, it has an excellent rate performance (310 F/g at 1 A/g) and cycle stability (capacitance retention up to 91.7 % after 30000 cycles). This work provides a method for realizing high-quality, high-yield and low-cost preparation of coal-based porous carbon, and an idea for improving the performance of supercapacitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanchun Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, 830017 Urumqi, China
| | - Zhichao Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, 830017 Urumqi, China
| | - Xueyan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, 830017 Urumqi, China.
| | - Yan Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, 830017 Urumqi, China
| | - Na Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, 830017 Urumqi, China
| | - Hongxia Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, 830017 Urumqi, China
| | - Pengfei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, 830017 Urumqi, China
| | - Xin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, 830017 Urumqi, China
| | - Jixi Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, 830017 Urumqi, China.
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Larasati LD, Supiyeva Z, Islam MT, Abbas Q. Iodine Adsorption in Nanoporous Carbon to Fabricate Assimilated Battery Electrodes for Durable Hybrid Supercapacitors. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:3407. [PMID: 39063699 PMCID: PMC11277631 DOI: 10.3390/ma17143407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
A hybrid supercapacitor is designed by coupling a battery electrode with a capacitive electrode in a single device/cell to enhance energy density. In iodine-based hybrid supercapacitors, the nanoporous carbon serves as the electrode material; however, the cathode or positive electrode is charged with iodine via electrodeposition from a redox aqueous electrolyte, while a negative electrode stores charges at the electric double-layer. In this work, iodine is loaded via physical adsorption into the porosity of a carbon electrode, keeping the aqueous electrolyte free from iodide redox moieties. By this way, the risk of polyiodide (I3- and I5-) generation at the positive electrode leading to a shuttling-related performance loss of the hybrid supercapacitor is prevented. Chemical interactions of iodine with the carbon surface and within the pores have been investigated with Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetry and electron microscopy. Electrochemical methods have been used to test individual electrodes and hybrid supercapacitors in aqueous NaNO3 and aqueous LiTFSI at 5 mol/L concentration for performance parameters such as energy efficiency, capacitance, self-discharge and cyclability. The hybrid supercapacitor in aqueous LiTFSI exhibits stable capacitance and energy efficiency during long-term aging tests at 1.5 V. Carbon nanoarchitecturing with iodine as shown in the present work offers an economical approach to enhance the performance of hybrid supercapacitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucyana Dwi Larasati
- Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas 58140, Türkiye;
- Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Materials, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010 Graz, Austria; (Z.S.); (M.T.I.)
| | - Zhazira Supiyeva
- Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Materials, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010 Graz, Austria; (Z.S.); (M.T.I.)
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Avenue 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
- Institute of Combustion Problems, 172 Bogenbay Batyr Str., Almaty 050012, Kazakhstan
| | - Md Tauhidul Islam
- Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Materials, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010 Graz, Austria; (Z.S.); (M.T.I.)
| | - Qamar Abbas
- Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Materials, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010 Graz, Austria; (Z.S.); (M.T.I.)
- Faculty of Chemical Technology, Institute of Chemistry and Technical Electrochemistry, Poznan University of Technology (PUT), 60965 Poznan, Poland
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Mohanty A, Kang KN, Saravanakumar B, Ramadoss A, Jang JH. Morphology Control of Mixed Metallic Organic Framework for High-Performance Hybrid Supercapacitors. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2308771. [PMID: 38152967 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202308771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
The study presents the binder-free synthesis of mixed metallic organic frameworks (MMOFs) supported on a ternary metal oxide (TMO) core as an innovative three-dimensional (3D) approach to enhance electron transport and mass transfer during the electrochemical charge-discharge process, resulting in high-performance hybrid supercapacitors. The research demonstrates that the choice of organic linkers can be used to tailor the morphology of these MMOFs, thus optimizing their electrochemical efficiency. Specifically, a NiCo-MOF@NiCoO2@Ni electrode, based on terephthalic linkers, exhibits highly ordered porosity and a vast internal surface area, achieving a maximum specific capacity of 2320 mC cm-2, while maintaining excellent rate capability and cycle stability. With these performances, the hybrid supercapacitor (HSC) achieves a maximum specific capacitance of 424.6 mF cm-2 (specific capacity 653.8 mC cm-2) and 30.7 F cm-3 with energy density values of 10.1 mWh cm-3 at 167.4 mW cm-3 (139.8 µWh cm-2 at 2310 µW cm-2), which are higher than those of previously reported MMOFs based electrodes. This research introduces a novel approach for metal organic framework based HSC electrodes, diverging from the traditional emphasis on metal ions, in order to achieve the desired electrochemical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Mohanty
- School for Advanced Research in Petrochemicals: Laboratory for Advanced Research in Polymeric Materials (LARPM), Central Institute of Petrochemicals Engineering and Technology (CIPET), Bhubaneswar, 751024, India
| | - Kyeong-Nam Kang
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Carbon Neutrality, Graduate School of Semiconductor Materials and Devices Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Balasubramaniam Saravanakumar
- School for Advanced Research in Petrochemicals: Laboratory for Advanced Research in Polymeric Materials (LARPM), Central Institute of Petrochemicals Engineering and Technology (CIPET), Bhubaneswar, 751024, India
| | - Ananthakumar Ramadoss
- School for Advanced Research in Petrochemicals: Laboratory for Advanced Research in Polymeric Materials (LARPM), Central Institute of Petrochemicals Engineering and Technology (CIPET), Bhubaneswar, 751024, India
- School for Advanced Research in Petrochemicals: Advanced Research School for Technology & Product Simulation (ARSTPS), Central Institute of Petrochemicals Engineering and Technology (CIPET), Bhubaneswar, 751024, India
| | - Ji-Hyun Jang
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Carbon Neutrality, Graduate School of Semiconductor Materials and Devices Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
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Su C, Hilal M, Yang F, Xu X, Zhang C, Guo S, Zhang J, Cai Z, Yuan H, Xie W. Enhanced Energy Storage Performance through Controlled Composition and Synthesis of 3D Mixed Metal-Oxide Microspheres. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:825. [PMID: 38786782 PMCID: PMC11123681 DOI: 10.3390/nano14100825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Binary transition metal oxide complexes (BTMOCs) in three-dimensional (3D) layered structures show great promise as electrodes for supercapacitors (SCs) due to their diverse oxidation states, which contribute to high specific capacitance. However, the synthesis of BTMOCs with 3D structures remains challenging yet crucial for their application. In this study, we present a novel approach utilizing a single-step hydrothermal technique to fabricate flower-shaped microspheres composed of a NiCo-based complex. Each microsphere consists of nanosheets with a mesoporous structure, enhancing the specific surface area to 23.66 m2 g-1 and facilitating efficient redox reactions. When employed as the working electrode for supercapacitors, the composite exhibits remarkable specific capacitance, achieving 888.8 F g-1 at 1 A g-1. Furthermore, it demonstrates notable electrochemical stability, retaining 52.08% capacitance after 10,000 cycles, and offers a high-power density of 225 W·kg-1, along with an energy density of 25 Wh·kg-1, showcasing its potential for energy storage applications. Additionally, an aqueous asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) was assembled using NiCo microspheres-based complex and activated carbon (AC). Remarkably, the NiCo microspheres complex/AC configuration delivers a high specific capacitance of 250 F g-1 at 1 A g-1, with a high energy density of 88 Wh kg-1, for a power density of 800 W kg-1. The ASC also exhibits excellent long-term cyclability with 69% retention over 10,000 charge-discharge cycles. Furthermore, a series of two ASC devices demonstrated the capability to power commercial blue LEDs for a duration of at least 40 s. The simplicity of the synthesis process and the exceptional performance exhibited by the developed electrode materials hold considerable promise for applications in energy storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongjie Su
- College of Electronics and Information, University-Industry Joint Center for Ocean Observation and Broadband Communication, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (C.S.); (F.Y.); (X.X.); (C.Z.); (S.G.); (J.Z.)
| | - Muhammad Hilal
- Department of Semiconductor Systems Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea;
| | - Fan Yang
- College of Electronics and Information, University-Industry Joint Center for Ocean Observation and Broadband Communication, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (C.S.); (F.Y.); (X.X.); (C.Z.); (S.G.); (J.Z.)
| | - Xinda Xu
- College of Electronics and Information, University-Industry Joint Center for Ocean Observation and Broadband Communication, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (C.S.); (F.Y.); (X.X.); (C.Z.); (S.G.); (J.Z.)
| | - Chao Zhang
- College of Electronics and Information, University-Industry Joint Center for Ocean Observation and Broadband Communication, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (C.S.); (F.Y.); (X.X.); (C.Z.); (S.G.); (J.Z.)
| | - Shuoyu Guo
- College of Electronics and Information, University-Industry Joint Center for Ocean Observation and Broadband Communication, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (C.S.); (F.Y.); (X.X.); (C.Z.); (S.G.); (J.Z.)
| | - Junning Zhang
- College of Electronics and Information, University-Industry Joint Center for Ocean Observation and Broadband Communication, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (C.S.); (F.Y.); (X.X.); (C.Z.); (S.G.); (J.Z.)
| | - Zhicheng Cai
- Department of Semiconductor Systems Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea;
| | - Huimin Yuan
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Qilu Normal University, Ji’nan 250200, China
| | - Wanfeng Xie
- College of Electronics and Information, University-Industry Joint Center for Ocean Observation and Broadband Communication, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (C.S.); (F.Y.); (X.X.); (C.Z.); (S.G.); (J.Z.)
- Department of Physics, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
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5
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Song Z, Miao L, Lv Y, Gan L, Liu M. Non-Metal Ion Storage in Zinc-Organic Batteries. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2310319. [PMID: 38477446 PMCID: PMC11109623 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202310319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Zinc-organic batteries (ZOBs) are receiving widespread attention as up-and-coming energy-storage systems due to their sustainability, operational safety and low cost. Charge carrier is one of the critical factors affecting the redox kinetics and electrochemical performances of ZOBs. Compared with conventional large-sized and sluggish Zn2+ storage, non-metallic charge carriers with small hydrated size and light weight show accelerated interfacial dehydration and fast reaction kinetics, enabling superior electrochemical metrics for ZOBs. Thus, it is valuable and ongoing works to build better ZOBs with non-metallic ion storage. In this review, versatile non-metallic cationic (H+, NH4 +) and anionic (Cl-, OH-, CF3SO3 -, SO4 2-) charge carriers of ZOBs are first categorized with a brief comparison of their respective physicochemical properties and chemical interactions with redox-active organic materials. Furthermore, this work highlights the implementation effectiveness of non-metallic ions in ZOBs, giving insights into the impact of ion types on the metrics (capacity, rate capability, operation voltage, and cycle life) of organic cathodes. Finally, the challenges and perspectives of non-metal-ion-based ZOBs are outlined to guild the future development of next-generation energy communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyang Song
- Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and SustainabilitySchool of Chemical Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai200092P. R. China
| | - Ling Miao
- Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and SustainabilitySchool of Chemical Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai200092P. R. China
| | - Yaokang Lv
- College of Chemical EngineeringZhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou310014P. R. China
| | - Lihua Gan
- Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and SustainabilitySchool of Chemical Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai200092P. R. China
| | - Mingxian Liu
- Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and SustainabilitySchool of Chemical Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai200092P. R. China
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Li Q, Zhao Z, Chen F, Xu X, Xu L, Cheng L, Adeli M, Luo X, Cheng C. Delocalization Engineering of Heme-Mimetic Artificial Enzymes for Augmented Reactive Oxygen Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202400838. [PMID: 38372011 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202400838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Developing artificial enzymes based on organic molecules or polymers for reactive oxygen species (ROS)-related catalysis has broad applicability. Herein, inspired by porphyrin-based heme mimics, we report the synthesis of polyphthalocyanine-based conjugated polymers (Fe-PPc-AE) as a new porphyrin-evolving structure to serve as efficient and versatile artificial enzymes for augmented reactive oxygen catalysis. Owing to the structural advantages, such as enhanced π-conjugation networks and π-electron delocalization, promoted electron transfer, and unique Fe-N coordination centers, Fe-PPc-AE showed more efficient ROS-production activity in terms of Vmax and turnover numbers as compared with porphyrin-based conjugated polymers (Fe-PPor-AE), which also surpassed reported state-of-the-art artificial enzymes in their activity. More interestingly, by changing the reaction medium and substrates, Fe-PPc-AE also revealed significantly improved activity and environmental adaptivity in many other ROS-related biocatalytic processes, validating the potential of Fe-PPc-AE to replace conventional (poly)porphyrin-based heme mimics for ROS-related catalysis, biosensors, or biotherapeutics. It is suggested that this study will offer essential guidance for designing artificial enzymes based on organic molecules or polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Zhenyang Zhao
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Fan Chen
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Xiaohui Xu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Lizhi Xu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Liang Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Mohsen Adeli
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universitat Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, 68137-17133, Iran
| | - Xianglin Luo
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Chong Cheng
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
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Su X, Zhong Z, Yan X, Xu Y, Zhang T, Ma Y, Chen L. De Novo Design and Facile Synthesis of Highly Crystalline 2D Conductive Metal-Organic Frameworks: A "Rotor-Stator" Strategy. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:9036-9044. [PMID: 38507821 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c13985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Two-dimensional conductive metal-organic frameworks (2D c-MOFs), which feature high electrical conductivity and large charge carrier mobility, hold great promise in electronics and optoelectronics. Nevertheless, the limited solubility of commonly used planar ligands inevitably brings challenges in synthesis and purification and causes laborious coordination conditions for screening. Moreover, most reported 2D c-MOFs are polycrystalline powders with relatively low crystallinity and irregular morphology, hindering the unveiling of the detailed structure-function relationship. Herein, we developed a "rotor-stator" molecular design strategy to construct 2D c-MOFs using a delicately designed nonplanar biscarbazole ligand (8OH-DCB). Benefiting from the special "rotor-stator" structure of the ligand, crystals of Cu-DCB-MOF were successfully prepared, allowing for the precise determination of their crystal structure. Interestingly, the crystals of Cu-DCB-MOF can be obtained in various organic solvents, indicating excellent solvent compatibility. The versatility of the "rotor-stator" molecular design strategy was further demonstrated by another two new ligands with a "rotor-stator" structure, and afford corresponding 2D c-MOF crystals (Cu-DCBT-MOF and Cu-DCBBT-MOF). The current work presents a facile approach toward the rational design and direct construction of highly crystalline 2D c-MOFs using nonplanar ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Su
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Zhiye Zhong
- School of Physical Science and Technology & Shanghai Key Laboratory of High-Resolution Electron Microscopy, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Xiaoli Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Yunpeng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Yanhang Ma
- School of Physical Science and Technology & Shanghai Key Laboratory of High-Resolution Electron Microscopy, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Long Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
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Li J, Pei C, Yang S, Zhang D, Sun B, Shen Z, Ni S. N-Doped Carbon Nanonecklaces with Encapsulated BiOCl Nanoparticles as High-Rate Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:906-914. [PMID: 38130111 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The unique two-dimensional layered structure of BiOCl makes it highly promising for energy storage applications. In this study, we successfully synthesized BiOCl nanoparticles encapsulated in N-doped carbon nanonecklaces (BiOCl NPs/N-CNNs) using well-established electrospinning and solvothermal substitution. As an anode material for lithium-ion batteries, BiOCl NPs/N-CNNs exhibited enhanced rate performance, delivering a capacity of 220.2 mA h g-1 at 8 A g-1. Furthermore, it demonstrated remarkable long cycle stability, retaining a capacity of 200.5 mA h g-1 after 9000 cycles with a discharge rate of 8.0 A g-1. The superior electrochemical performance can be attributed to the stacked layered structure of BiOCl, facilitated by van der Waals force, as well as the ingenious nanonecklace structures. These structures not only provide fast ion diffusion pathways but also enhance electrolyte penetration and offer more active sites for Li+ insertion and extraction. Additionally, the nanonecklace structure prevents the aggregation of nanopolyhedra, promoting the complete reaction of BiOCl with Li+. Moreover, the unique nanopolyhedron structure alleviates the stress caused by the volume expansion of Bi nanoparticles during cycling and reduces the internal resistance of the electrode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jintong Li
- College of Electrical Engineering & New Energy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, People's Republic of China
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, People's Republic of China
| | - Cunyuan Pei
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, People's Republic of China
| | - Song Yang
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Sun
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, People's Republic of China
| | - Zexiang Shen
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, People's Republic of China
| | - Shibing Ni
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, People's Republic of China
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