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Hawkey A, Dash A, Rodríguez-Martínez X, Zhao Z, Champ A, Lindenthal S, Zharnikov M, Kemerink M, Zaumseil J. Ion-Exchange Doping of Semiconducting Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2404554. [PMID: 39104286 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202404554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are a promising thermoelectric material with high power factors after chemical p- or n-doping. Understanding the impact of dopant counterions on charge transport and thermoelectric properties of nanotube networks is essential to further optimize doping methods and to develop better dopants. This work utilizes ion-exchange doping to systematically vary the size of counterions in thin films of small and large diameter, polymer-sorted semiconducting SWCNTs with AuCl3 as the initial p-dopant and investigates the impact of ion size on conductivity, Seebeck coefficients, and power factors. Larger anions are found to correlate with higher electrical conductivities and improved doping stability, while no significant effect on the power factors is found. Importantly, the effect of counterion size on the thermoelectric properties of dense SWCNT networks is not obscured by morphological changes upon doping. The observed trends of carrier mobilities and Seebeck coefficients can be explained by a random resistor model for the nanotube network that accounts for overlapping Coulomb potentials leading to the formation of an impurity band whose depth depends on the carrier density and counterion size. These insights can be applied more broadly to understand the thermoelectric properties of doped percolating disordered systems, including semiconducting polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angus Hawkey
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Aditya Dash
- Institute for Molecular Systems Engineering and Advanced Materials, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 225, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Zhiyong Zhao
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anna Champ
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York, 10027, USA
| | - Sebastian Lindenthal
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Zharnikov
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martijn Kemerink
- Institute for Molecular Systems Engineering and Advanced Materials, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 225, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jana Zaumseil
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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2
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Dzienia A, Just D, Wasiak T, Milowska KZ, Mielańczyk A, Labedzki N, Kruss S, Janas D. Size Matters in Conjugated Polymer Chirality-Selective SWCNT Extraction. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2402176. [PMID: 38785169 PMCID: PMC11304282 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202402176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Carbon-based nanomaterials have catalyzed breakthroughs across various scientific and engineering disciplines. The key to unlocking a new generation of tailor-made nanomaterials based on single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) lies in the precise sorting of raw material into individual chiralities, each possessing unique properties. This can be achieved using conjugated polymer extraction (CPE), but to a very limited extent since the process generates only a few chirality-enriched suspensions. Therefore, it is imperative to comprehend the mechanism of the wrapping of SWCNTs by polymers to unleash CPE's full potential. However, the lack of a diverse palette of chirality-selective polymers with varying macromolecular parameters has hindered a comprehensive understanding of how the nature of the polymer affects the performance and selectivity of SWCNT isolation. To address this gap, multiple batches of such polymers are synthesized to elucidate the impact of molecular weight and dispersity on the purity and concentrations of the generated SWCNT suspensions. The obtained results explain the inconsistent outcomes reported in the literature, greatly improving the application potential of this promising SWCNT sorting approach. Concomitantly, the discovered significant influence of the macromolecular characteristics of conjugated polymers on the SWCNT isolation efficacy sheds considerable insight into the unresolved mechanism of this sorting technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Dzienia
- Department of ChemistrySilesian University of TechnologyB. Krzywoustego 4Gliwice44–100Poland
| | - Dominik Just
- Department of ChemistrySilesian University of TechnologyB. Krzywoustego 4Gliwice44–100Poland
| | - Tomasz Wasiak
- Department of ChemistrySilesian University of TechnologyB. Krzywoustego 4Gliwice44–100Poland
| | - Karolina Z. Milowska
- CIC NanoguneDonostia‐San Sebastián20018Spain
- IkerbasqueBasque Foundation for ScienceBilbao48013Spain
| | - Anna Mielańczyk
- Department of ChemistrySilesian University of TechnologyB. Krzywoustego 4Gliwice44–100Poland
| | - Norman Labedzki
- Department of ChemistryRuhr‐University Bochum44801BochumGermany
- Biomedical NanosensorsFraunhofer Institute for Microelectronic Circuits and Systems47057DuisburgGermany
| | - Sebastian Kruss
- Department of ChemistryRuhr‐University Bochum44801BochumGermany
- Biomedical NanosensorsFraunhofer Institute for Microelectronic Circuits and Systems47057DuisburgGermany
| | - Dawid Janas
- Department of ChemistrySilesian University of TechnologyB. Krzywoustego 4Gliwice44–100Poland
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3
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Qureshi ZA, Dabash H, Ponnamma D, Abbas M. Carbon dots as versatile nanomaterials in sensing and imaging: Efficiency and beyond. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31634. [PMID: 38832274 PMCID: PMC11145243 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) have emerged as a versatile and promising carbon-based nanomaterial with exceptional optical properties, including tunable emission wavelengths, high quantum yield, and photostability. CDs are appropriate for various applications with many benefits, such as biocompatibility, low toxicity, and simplicity of surface modification. Thanks to their tunable optical properties and great sensitivity, CDs have been used in sensing as fluorescent probes for detecting pH, heavy metal ions, and other analytes. In addition, CDs have demonstrated potential as luminescence converters for white organic light-emitting diodes and light emitters in optoelectronic devices due to their superior optical qualities and exciton-independent emission. CDs have been used for drug administration and bioimaging in the biomedical field due to their biocompatibility, low cytotoxicity, and ease of functionalization. Additionally, due to their stability, efficient charge separation, and low recombination rate, CDs have shown interesting uses in energy systems, such as photocatalysis and energy conversion. This article highlights the growing possibilities and potential of CDs as adaptable nanomaterials in a variety of interdisciplinary areas related to sensing and imaging, at the same time addressing the major challenges involved in the current research and proposing scientific solutions to apply CDs in the development of a super smart society.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hanan Dabash
- Center for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Deepalekshmi Ponnamma
- Materials Science and Technology Program, Department of Mathematics, Statistics and Physics, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - M.K.G. Abbas
- Center for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar
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Han F, Wang Z, Jin Q, Fan L, Tao K, Li L, Shi L, Lu HQ, Zhang Z, Li J, Zhang X, Wu L. High-Entropy Alloy Electrocatalysts Bidirectionally Promote Lithium Polysulfide Conversions for Long-Cycle-Life Lithium-Sulfur Batteries. ACS NANO 2024; 18:15167-15176. [PMID: 38808620 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c03031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
High-entropy alloys (HEAs) have attracted considerable attention, owing to their exceptional characteristics and high configurational entropy. Recent findings demonstrated that incorporating HEAs into sulfur cathodes can alleviate the shuttling effect of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) and accelerate their redox reactions. Herein, we synthesized nano Pt0.25Cu0.25Fe0.15Co0.15Ni0.2 HEAs on hollow carbons (HCs; denoted as HEA/HC) by a facile pyrolysis strategy. The HEA/HC nanostructures were further integrated into hypha carbon nanobelts (HCNBs). The solid-solution phase formed by the uniform mixture of the five metal elements, i.e., Pt0.25Cu0.25Fe0.15Co0.15Ni0.2 HEAs, gave rise to a strong interaction between neighboring atoms in different metals, resulting in their adsorption energy transformation across a wide, multipeak, and nearly continuous spectrum. Meanwhile, the HEAs exhibited numerous active sites on their surface, which is beneficial to catalyzing the cascade conversion of LiPSs. Combining density functional theory (DFT) calculations with detailed experimental investigations, the prepared HEAs bidirectionally catalyze the cascade reactions of LiPSs and boost their conversion reaction rates. S/HEA@HC/HCNB cathodes achieved a low 0.034% decay rate for 2000 cycles at 1.0 C. Notably, the S/HEA@HC/HCNB cathode delivered a high initial areal capacity of 10.2 mAh cm-2 with a sulfur loading of 9 mg cm-2 at 0.1 C. The assembled pouch cell exhibited a capacity of 1077.9 mAh g-1 at the first discharge at 0.1 C. The capacity declined to 71.3% after 43 cycles at 0.1 C. In this work, we propose to utilize HEAs as catalysts not only to improve the cycling stability of lithium-sulfur batteries, but also to promote HEAs in energy storage applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengfeng Han
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150025, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhilong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication Technology, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Jin
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150025, People's Republic of China
| | - Liwen Fan
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150025, People's Republic of China
| | - Kehao Tao
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication Technology, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Li
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150025, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Shi
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication Technology, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Qing Lu
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150025, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Department of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinjin Li
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication Technology, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Xitian Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150025, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Wu
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150025, People's Republic of China
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Ling S, Wei X, Luo X, Li X, Li S, Xiong F, Zhou W, Xie S, Liu H. Surfactant Micelle-Driven High-Efficiency and High-Resolution Length Separation of Carbon Nanotubes for Electronic Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2400303. [PMID: 38501842 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202400303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
High-efficiency extraction of long single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with excellent optoelectronic properties from SWCNT solution is critical for enabling their application in high-performance optoelectronic devices. Here, a straightforward and high-efficiency method is reported for length separation of SWCNTs by modulating the concentrations of binary surfactants. The results demonstrate that long SWCNTs can spontaneously precipitate for binary-surfactant but not for single-surfactant systems. This effect is attributed to the formation of compound micelles by binary surfactants that squeeze the free space of long SWCNTs due to their large excluded volumes. With this technique, it can readily separate near-pure long (≥500 nm in length, 99% in content) and short (≤500 nm in length, 98% in content) SWCNTs with separation efficiencies of 26% and 64%, respectively, exhibiting markedly greater length resolution and separation efficiency than those of previously reported methods. Thin-film transistors fabricated from extracted semiconducting SWCNTs with lengths >500 nm exhibit significantly improved electrical properties, including a 10.5-fold on-state current and 14.7-fold mobility, compared with those with lengths <500 nm. The present length separation technique is perfectly compatible with various surfactant-based methods for structure separations of SWCNTs and is significant for fabrication of high-performance electronic and optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Ling
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Department of Optoelectronic, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, Fujian, 361024, China
| | - Xiaojun Wei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Department of Physics and Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials and Structure Research, Beijing, 100190, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
| | - Xin Luo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Department of Physics and Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials and Structure Research, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Shilong Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials and Structure Research, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Feibing Xiong
- Department of Optoelectronic, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, Fujian, 361024, China
| | - Weiya Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Department of Physics and Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials and Structure Research, Beijing, 100190, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
| | - Sishen Xie
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Department of Physics and Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials and Structure Research, Beijing, 100190, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
| | - Huaping Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Department of Physics and Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials and Structure Research, Beijing, 100190, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
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6
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Zhang Y, Jia MR, Liu XY, Fang WH, Cui G. Photoinduced Dynamics of a Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube with a sp 3 Defect: The Importance of Excitonic Effects. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:3311-3320. [PMID: 38654690 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.4c00803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we employed linear-response time-dependent functional theory nonadiabatic dynamic simulations to explore the photoinduced exciton dynamics of a chiral single-walled carbon nanotube CNT(6,5) covalently doped with a 4-nitrobenzyl group (CNT65-NO2). The results indicate that the introduction of a sp3 defect leads to the splitting of the degenerate VBM/VBM-1 and CBM/CBM+1 states. Both the VBM upshift and the CBM downshift are responsible for the experimentally observed redshifted E11* trapping state. The simulations reveal that the photoinduced exciton relaxation dynamics completes within 500 fs, which is consistent with the experimental work. On the other hand, we also conducted the nonadiabatic carrier (electron and hole) dynamic simulations, which completely ignore the excitonic effects. The comparison demonstrates that excitonic effects are indispensable. Deep analyses show that such effects induce several dark states, which play an important role in regulating the photoinduced dynamics of CNT65-NO2. The present work demonstrates the importance of including excitonic effects in simulating photoinduced processes of carbon nanotubes. In addition, it not only rationalizes previous experiments but also provides valuable insights that will help in the future rational design of novel covalently doped carbon nanotubes with superior photoluminescent properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Meng-Ru Jia
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xiang-Yang Liu
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, China
| | - Wei-Hai Fang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Ganglong Cui
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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7
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Kuznetsova V, Coogan Á, Botov D, Gromova Y, Ushakova EV, Gun'ko YK. Expanding the Horizons of Machine Learning in Nanomaterials to Chiral Nanostructures. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2308912. [PMID: 38241607 PMCID: PMC11167410 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202308912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Machine learning holds significant research potential in the field of nanotechnology, enabling nanomaterial structure and property predictions, facilitating materials design and discovery, and reducing the need for time-consuming and labor-intensive experiments and simulations. In contrast to their achiral counterparts, the application of machine learning for chiral nanomaterials is still in its infancy, with a limited number of publications to date. This is despite the great potential of machine learning to advance the development of new sustainable chiral materials with high values of optical activity, circularly polarized luminescence, and enantioselectivity, as well as for the analysis of structural chirality by electron microscopy. In this review, an analysis of machine learning methods used for studying achiral nanomaterials is provided, subsequently offering guidance on adapting and extending this work to chiral nanomaterials. An overview of chiral nanomaterials within the framework of synthesis-structure-property-application relationships is presented and insights on how to leverage machine learning for the study of these highly complex relationships are provided. Some key recent publications are reviewed and discussed on the application of machine learning for chiral nanomaterials. Finally, the review captures the key achievements, ongoing challenges, and the prospective outlook for this very important research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Kuznetsova
- School of Chemistry, CRANN and AMBER Research Centres, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin, D02 PN40, Ireland
| | - Áine Coogan
- School of Chemistry, CRANN and AMBER Research Centres, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin, D02 PN40, Ireland
| | - Dmitry Botov
- Everypixel Media Innovation Group, 021 Fillmore St., PMB 15, San Francisco, CA, 94115, USA
- Neapolis University Pafos, 2 Danais Avenue, Pafos, 8042, Cyprus
| | - Yulia Gromova
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, 52 Oxford St., Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Elena V Ushakova
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Centre for Functional Photonics (CFP), City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Yurii K Gun'ko
- School of Chemistry, CRANN and AMBER Research Centres, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin, D02 PN40, Ireland
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8
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Lamba R, Yukta Y, Mondal J, Kumar R, Pani B, Singh B. Carbon Dots: Synthesis, Characterizations, and Recent Advancements in Biomedical, Optoelectronics, Sensing, and Catalysis Applications. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:2086-2127. [PMID: 38512809 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Carbon nanodots (CNDs), a fascinating carbon-based nanomaterial (typical size 2-10 nm) owing to their superior optical properties, high biocompatibility, and cell penetrability, have tremendous applications in different interdisciplinary fields. Here, in this Review, we first explore the superiority of CNDs over other nanomaterials in the biomedical, optoelectronics, analytical sensing, and photocatalysis domains. Beginning with synthesis, characterization, and purification techniques, we even address fundamental questions surrounding CNDs such as emission origin and excitation-dependent behavior. Then we explore recent advancements in their applications, focusing on biological/biomedical uses like specific organelle bioimaging, drug/gene delivery, biosensing, and photothermal therapy. In optoelectronics, we cover CND-based solar cells, perovskite solar cells, and their role in LEDs and WLEDs. Analytical sensing applications include the detection of metals, hazardous chemicals, and proteins. In catalysis, we examine roles in photocatalysis, CO2 reduction, water splitting, stereospecific synthesis, and pollutant degradation. With this Review, we intend to further spark interest in CNDs and CND-based composites by highlighting their many benefits across a wide range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohan Lamba
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh 175075, India
| | - Yukta Yukta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Jiban Mondal
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh 175075, India
| | - Ram Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
- Department of Chemistry, Bhaskaracharya College of Applied Sciences, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110075, India
| | - Balaram Pani
- Department of Chemistry, Bhaskaracharya College of Applied Sciences, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110075, India
| | - Bholey Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Swami Shraddhanand College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110036, India
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Shen S, Qiu J, Huo D, Xia Y. Nanomaterial-Enabled Photothermal Heating and Its Use for Cancer Therapy via Localized Hyperthermia. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2305426. [PMID: 37803412 PMCID: PMC10922052 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202305426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Photothermal therapy (PTT), which employs nanoscale transducers delivered into a tumor to locally generate heat upon irradiation with near-infrared light, shows great potential in killing cancer cells through hyperthermia. The efficacy of such a treatment is determined by a number of factors, including the amount, distribution, and dissipation of the generated heat, as well as the type of cancer cell involved. The amount of heat generated is largely controlled by the number of transducers accumulated inside the tumor, the absorption coefficient and photothermal conversion efficiency of the transducer, and the irradiance of the light. The efficacy of treatment depends on the distribution of the transducers in the tumor and the penetration depth of the light. The vascularity and tissue thermal conduction both affect the dissipation of heat and thereby the distribution of temperature. The successful implementation of PTT in the clinic setting critically depends on techniques for real-time monitoring and management of temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Shen
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
| | - Jichuan Qiu
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Da Huo
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Younan Xia
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
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10
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Kim J, Lee J, Lee JM, Facchetti A, Marks TJ, Park SK. Recent Advances in Low-Dimensional Nanomaterials for Photodetectors. SMALL METHODS 2024; 8:e2300246. [PMID: 37203281 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
New emerging low-dimensional such as 0D, 1D, and 2D nanomaterials have attracted tremendous research interests in various fields of state-of-the-art electronics, optoelectronics, and photonic applications due to their unique structural features and associated electronic, mechanical, and optical properties as well as high-throughput fabrication for large-area and low-cost production and integration. Particularly, photodetectors which transform light to electrical signals are one of the key components in modern optical communication and developed imaging technologies for whole application spectrum in the daily lives, including X-rays and ultraviolet biomedical imaging, visible light camera, and infrared night vision and spectroscopy. Today, diverse photodetector technologies are growing in terms of functionality and performance beyond the conventional silicon semiconductor, and low-dimensional nanomaterials have been demonstrated as promising potential platforms. In this review, the current states of progress on the development of these nanomaterials and their applications in the field of photodetectors are summarized. From the elemental combination for material design and lattice structure to the essential investigations of hybrid device architectures, various devices and recent developments including wearable photodetectors and neuromorphic applications are fully introduced. Finally, the future perspectives and challenges of the low-dimensional nanomaterials based photodetectors are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaehyun Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Junho Lee
- Displays and Devices Research Lab. School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, South Korea
| | - Jong-Min Lee
- Displays and Devices Research Lab. School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, South Korea
| | - Antonio Facchetti
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Tobin J Marks
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Sung Kyu Park
- Displays and Devices Research Lab. School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, South Korea
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11
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Maeda Y, Zhao P, Ehara M. Recent progress in controlling the photoluminescence properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes by oxidation and alkylation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:14497-14508. [PMID: 38009193 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc05065c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
The functionalization of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) has received considerable attention in the last decade since highly efficient near-infrared photoluminescence (PL) has been observed to be red-shifted compared with the intrinsic PL peak of pristine SWCNTs. The PL wavelength has been manipulated using arylation reactions with aryldiazonium salts and aryl halides. Additionally, simple oxidation and alkylation reactions have proven effective in extensively adjusting the PL wavelength, with the resulting PL efficiency varying based on the chosen reaction techniques and molecular structures. This review discusses the latest developments in tailoring the PL attributes of SWCNTs by oxidation and alkylation processes. (6,5) SWCNTs exhibit intrinsic emission at 980 nm, and the PL wavelength can be controlled in the range of 1100-1320 nm by chemical modification. In addition, recent developments in chiral separation techniques have increased our understanding of the control of the PL wavelength, extending to the selection of excitation and emission wavelengths, by chemical modification of SWCNTs with different chiral indices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Maeda
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Gakugei University, Tokyo 184-8501, Japan.
| | - Pei Zhao
- Research Center for Computational Science, Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ehara
- Research Center for Computational Science, Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
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12
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Zorn N, Settele S, Sebastian FL, Lindenthal S, Zaumseil J. Tuning Electroluminescence from Functionalized SWCNT Networks Further into the Near-Infrared. ACS APPLIED OPTICAL MATERIALS 2023; 1:1706-1714. [PMID: 37915970 PMCID: PMC10616844 DOI: 10.1021/acsaom.3c00261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Near-infrared electroluminescence from carbon-based emitters, especially in the second biological window (NIR-II) or at telecommunication wavelengths, is difficult to achieve. Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have been proposed as a possible solution due to their tunable and narrowband emission in the near-infrared region and high charge carrier mobilities. Furthermore, the covalent functionalization of SWCNTs with a controlled number of luminescent sp3 defects leads to even more red-shifted photoluminescence with enhanced quantum yields. Here, we demonstrate that by tailoring the binding configuration of the introduced sp3 defects and hence tuning their optical trap depth, we can generate emission from polymer-sorted (6,5) and (7,5) nanotubes that is mainly located in the telecommunication O-band (1260-1360 nm). Networks of these functionalized nanotubes are integrated in ambipolar, light-emitting field-effect transistors to yield the corresponding narrowband near-infrared electroluminescence. Further investigation of the current- and carrier density-dependent electro- and photoluminescence spectra enables insights into the impact of different sp3 defects on charge transport in networks of functionalized SWCNTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas
F. Zorn
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, Universität Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Simon Settele
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, Universität Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Finn L. Sebastian
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, Universität Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Lindenthal
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, Universität Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jana Zaumseil
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, Universität Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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13
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Zhu S, Li W, Yu S, Komatsu N, Baydin A, Wang F, Sun F, Wang C, Chen W, Tan CS, Liang H, Yomogida Y, Yanagi K, Kono J, Wang QJ. Extreme Polarization Anisotropy in Resonant Third-Harmonic Generation from Aligned Carbon Nanotube Films. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2304082. [PMID: 37391190 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202304082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) possess extremely anisotropic electronic, thermal, and optical properties owing to their 1D character. While their linear optical properties have been extensively studied, nonlinear optical processes, such as harmonic generation for frequency conversion, remain largely unexplored in CNTs, particularly in macroscopic CNT assemblies. In this work, macroscopic films of aligned and type-separated (semiconducting and metallic) CNTs are synthesized and polarization-dependent third-harmonic generation (THG) from the films with fundamental wavelengths ranging from 1.5 to 2.5 µm is studied. Both films exhibited strongly wavelength-dependent, intense THG signals, enhanced through exciton resonances, and third-order nonlinear optical susceptibilities of 2.50 × 10-19 m2 V-2 (semiconducting CNTs) and 1.23 × 10-19 m2 V-2 (metallic CNTs), respectively are found, for 1.8 µm excitation. Further, through systematic polarization-dependent THG measurements, the values of all elements of the susceptibility tensor are determined, verifying the macroscopically 1D nature of the films. Finally, polarized THG imaging is performed to demonstrate the nonlinear anisotropy in the large-size CNT film with good alignment. These findings promise applications of aligned CNT films in mid-infrared frequency conversion, nonlinear optical switching, polarized pulsed lasers, polarized long-wave detection, and high-performance anisotropic nonlinear photonic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Zhu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Wenkai Li
- State Key Laboratory of High Field Laser Physics, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Shengjie Yu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Applied Physics Graduate Program, Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Natsumi Komatsu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Andrey Baydin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Fakun Wang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Fangyuan Sun
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Chongwu Wang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Wenduo Chen
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Chuan Seng Tan
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Houkun Liang
- School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, China
| | - Yohei Yomogida
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Yanagi
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan
| | - Junichiro Kono
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Qi Jie Wang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
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14
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Podlesny B, Hinkle KR, Hayashi K, Niidome Y, Shiraki T, Janas D. Highly-Selective Harvesting of (6,4) SWCNTs Using the Aqueous Two-Phase Extraction Method and Nonionic Surfactants. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2207218. [PMID: 36856265 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202207218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Monochiral single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are indispensable for advancing the technology readiness level of nanocarbon-based concepts. In recent times, many separation techniques have been developed to obtain specific SWCNTs from raw unsorted materials to catalyze the development in this area. This work presents how the aqueous two-phase extraction (ATPE) method can be enhanced for the straightforward isolation of (6,4) SWCNTs in one step. Introducing nonionic surfactant into the typically employed mixture of anionic surfactants, which drive the partitioning, is essential to increasing the ATPE system's resolution. A thorough analysis of the parameter space by experiments and modeling reveals the underlying interactions between SWCNTs, surfactants, and phase-forming agents, which drive the partitioning. Based on new insight gained on this front, a separation mechanism is proposed. Notably, the developed method is highly robust, which is proven by isolating (6,4) SWCNTs from several raw SWCNT materials, including SWCNT waste generated over the years in the laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blazej Podlesny
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 4, Gliwice, 44-100, Poland
| | - Kevin R Hinkle
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH, 45469, USA
| | - Keita Hayashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Niidome
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Shiraki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Dawid Janas
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 4, Gliwice, 44-100, Poland
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15
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Yang D, Li L, Li X, Xi W, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Wei X, Zhou W, Wei F, Xie S, Liu H. Preparing high-concentration individualized carbon nanotubes for industrial separation of multiple single-chirality species. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2491. [PMID: 37120644 PMCID: PMC10148823 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38133-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Industrial production of single-chirality carbon nanotubes is critical for their applications in high-speed and low-power nanoelectronic devices, but both their growth and separation have been major challenges. Here, we report a method for industrial separation of single-chirality carbon nanotubes from a variety of raw materials with gel chromatography by increasing the concentration of carbon nanotube solution. The high-concentration individualized carbon nanotube solution is prepared by ultrasonic dispersion followed by centrifugation and ultrasonic redispersion. With this technique, the concentration of the as-prepared individualized carbon nanotubes is increased from about 0.19 mg/mL to approximately 1 mg/mL, and the separation yield of multiple single-chirality species is increased by approximately six times to the milligram scale in one separation run with gel chromatography. When the dispersion technique is applied to an inexpensive hybrid of graphene and carbon nanotubes with a wide diameter range of 0.8-2.0 nm, and the separation yield of single-chirality species is increased by more than an order of magnitude to the sub-milligram scale. Moreover, with present separation technique, the environmental impact and cost of producing single-chirality species are greatly reduced. We anticipate that this method promotes industrial production and practical applications of single-chirality carbon nanotubes in carbon-based integration circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dehua Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, and School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Advanced Passivation Technology Lab, College of Physics Science and Technology, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Linhai Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, and School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials and Structure Research, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, and School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials and Structure Research, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Wei Xi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, and School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuejuan Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, and School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials and Structure Research, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yumin Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Xiaojun Wei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, and School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials and Structure Research, Beijing, 100190, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
| | - Weiya Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, and School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials and Structure Research, Beijing, 100190, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
| | - Fei Wei
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 10084, China
| | - Sishen Xie
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, and School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials and Structure Research, Beijing, 100190, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
| | - Huaping Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, and School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials and Structure Research, Beijing, 100190, China.
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China.
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16
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Wei X, Luo X, Li S, Zhou W, Xie S, Liu H. Length-Dependent Enantioselectivity of Carbon Nanotubes by Gel Chromatography. ACS NANO 2023; 17:8393-8402. [PMID: 37092905 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c12853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
High-purity enantiomer separation of chiral single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) remains a challenge compared with electrical type and chirality separations due to the limited selectivities for both chirality and handedness, which is important for an exploration of their properties and practical applications. Here, we performed length fractionation for enantiomer-purified SWCNTs and found a phenomenon in which the enantioselectivities were higher for longer nanotubes than for shorter nanotubes due to length-dependent interactions with the gel medium, which provided an effective strategy of controlling nanotube length for high-purity enantiomer separation. Furthermore, we employed a gentler pulsed ultrasonication instead of traditional vigorous ultrasonication for preparation of a low-defect long SWCNT dispersion and achieved the enantiomer separation of single-chirality (6,5) SWCNTs with an ultrahigh enantiomeric purity of up to 98%, which was determined by using the linear relationship between the normalized circular dichroism intensity and the enantiomeric purity. Compared with all results reported previously, the present enantiomeric purity was significantly higher and reached the highest level reported to date. Due to the ultrahigh selectivity in both chirality and handedness, the two obtained enantiomers exhibited perfect symmetry in their circular dichroism spectra, which offers standardization for characterizations and evaluations of SWCNT enantiomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Wei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- Department of Physics and Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials and Structure Research, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Luo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- Department of Optoelectronic, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, Fujian 361024, People's Republic of China
| | - Shilong Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials and Structure Research, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiya Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- Department of Physics and Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials and Structure Research, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, People's Republic of China
| | - Sishen Xie
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- Department of Physics and Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials and Structure Research, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, People's Republic of China
| | - Huaping Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- Department of Physics and Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials and Structure Research, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, People's Republic of China
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17
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Xu B, Chen R, Zhou J, Liang J. Recent Progress and Challenges Regarding Carbon Nanotube On-Chip Interconnects. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:mi13071148. [PMID: 35888965 PMCID: PMC9315640 DOI: 10.3390/mi13071148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Along with deep scaling transistors and complex electronics information exchange networks, very-large-scale-integrated (VLSI) circuits require high performance and ultra-low power consumption. In order to meet the demand of data-abundant workloads and their energy efficiency, improving only the transistor performance would not be sufficient. Super high-speed microprocessors are useless if the capacity of the data lines is not increased accordingly. Meanwhile, traditional on-chip copper interconnects reach their physical limitation of resistivity and reliability and may no longer be able to keep pace with a processor’s data throughput. As one of the potential alternatives, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have attracted important attention to become the future emerging on-chip interconnects with possible explorations of new development directions. In this paper, we focus on the electrical, thermal, and process compatibility issues of current on-chip interconnects. We review the advantages, recent developments, and dilemmas of CNT-based interconnects from the perspective of different interconnect lengths and through-silicon-via (TSV) applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baohui Xu
- School of Microelectronics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 201800, China;
| | - Rongmei Chen
- Interuniversity Microelectronics Centre (IMEC), 3001 Leuven, Belgium;
| | - Jiuren Zhou
- Emerging Device and Chip Laboratory, Hangzhou Institute of Technology, Xidian University, Hangzhou 311200, China;
| | - Jie Liang
- School of Microelectronics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 201800, China;
- Correspondence:
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18
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Nißler R, Ackermann J, Ma C, Kruss S. Prospects of Fluorescent Single-Chirality Carbon Nanotube-Based Biosensors. Anal Chem 2022; 94:9941-9951. [PMID: 35786856 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c01321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Semiconducting single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) fluoresce in the near-infrared (NIR), and the emission wavelength depends on their structure (chirality). Interactions with other molecules affect their fluorescence, which has successfully been used for SWCNT-based molecular sensors. So far, most such sensors are assembled from crude mixtures of different SWCNT chiralities, which causes polydisperse sensor responses as well as spectral congestion and limits their performance. The advent of chirality-pure SWCNTs is about to overcome this limitation and paves the way for the next generation of biosensors. Here, we discuss the first examples of chirality-pure SWCNT-based fluorescent biosensors. We introduce routes to such sensors via aqueous two-phase extraction-assisted purification of SWCNTs and highlight the critical interplay between purification and surface modification procedures. Applications include the NIR detection and imaging of neurotransmitters, reactive oxygen species, lipids, bacterial motives, and plant metabolites. Most importantly, we outline a path toward how such monodisperse (chirality-pure) sensors will enable advanced multiplexed sensing with enhanced bioanalytical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Nißler
- Nanoparticle Systems Engineering Lab, ETH Zurich, Sonneggstrasse 3, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland.,Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland.,Department of Chemistry, Bochum University, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Julia Ackermann
- Fraunhofer Institute of Microelectronic Circuits and Systems, Finkenstrasse 61, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Chen Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Bochum University, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Sebastian Kruss
- Department of Chemistry, Bochum University, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany.,Fraunhofer Institute of Microelectronic Circuits and Systems, Finkenstrasse 61, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
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19
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Yang X, Zhu C, Zeng L, Xue W, Zhang L, Zhang L, Zhao K, Lyu M, Wang L, Zhang YZ, Wang X, Li Y, Yang F. Polyoxometalate steric hindrance driven chirality-selective separation of subnanometer carbon nanotubes. Chem Sci 2022; 13:5920-5928. [PMID: 35685796 PMCID: PMC9132071 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc01160c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Subnanometer single-chirality single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are of particular interest in multiple applications. Inspired by the interdisciplinary combination of redox active polyoxometalates and SWCNTs, here we report a cluster steric hindrance strategy by assembling polyoxometalates on the outer surface of subnanometer SWCNTs via electron transfer and demonstrate the selective separation of monochiral (6,5) SWCNTs with a diameter of 0.75 nm by a commercially available conjugated polymer. The combined use of DFT calculations, TEM, and XPS unveils the mechanism that selective separation is associated with tube diameter-dependent interactions between the tube and clusters. Sonication drives the preferential detachment of polyoxometalate clusters from small-diameter (6,5) SWCNTs, attributable to weak tube–cluster interactions, which enables the polymer wrapping and separation of the released SWCNTs, while strong binding clusters with large-diameter SWCNTs provide steric hindrance and block the polymer wrapping. The polyoxometalate-assisted modulation, which can be rationally customized, provides a universal and robust pathway for the separation of SWCNTs. We develop a cluster steric hindrance strategy by assembling polyoxometalates on subnanometer single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and demonstrate the selective separation of single-chirality (6,5) SWCNTs via polymer extraction.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xusheng Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Chao Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Lianduan Zeng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Nanobiomechanics, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen 518055 China .,Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology of China Suzhou 215000 China
| | - Weiyang Xue
- Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Luyao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Kaitong Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Min Lyu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Yuan-Zhu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Nanobiomechanics, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Yan Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University Beijing 100871 China .,Peking University Shenzhen Institute Shenzhen 518057 China.,PKU-HKUST ShenZhen-HongKong Institution Shenzhen 518057 China
| | - Feng Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
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