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Sherman AD, Febres-Cordero S, Bonds Johnson K, Clark KD, Klepper M, Duroseau B, Lin Y, Zhang W, Coleman M, Prakash D, Daniel GA, Chand AT, Kalu U, Tarter R, Allgood S, Cohen S, Kelly U, Balthazar M. Intersectionality in nursing research: A scoping review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NURSING STUDIES ADVANCES 2023; 5:100155. [PMID: 37982092 PMCID: PMC10655863 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnsa.2023.100155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background An intersectional approach to health research provides an analytical foundation to explain the multidimensionality of health status, resource accessibility, privilege, oppression, and current and historical context. The use of intersectionality in health research has known limitations. Its use in health-related fields too often focuses on outcomes, such as health disparities, rather than processes, such as power structures and social determinants. Objective This scoping review serves to examine how intersectionality has been implemented by nurses in the peer-reviewed literature. We offer insight into how it may be incorporated to inform future nursing research and healthcare provision. Design & Methods Systematic searches of PubMed (n = 257), SCOPUS (n = 807), EMBASE (n = 396), CINAHL (n = 224), and Health Source: Nursing and Academics (n = 491), published since the seminal publication on intersectionality (1989 - 2023), identified 131 research articles that met inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data extraction and synthesis were used to describe the breadth and depth of the literature specific to the application of intersectionality in nursing research. Results The included studies used intersectionality to examine the intersections of numerous identities, such as race, gender, and immigration status. However, most studies were descriptive/observational in nature, underreported their methods, and conducted deficit-based research instead of strength-based inquiries. Of note, the vast majority of included articles were published within the last five years. Conclusions Future researchers using intersectionality as a framework can improve their approach by reporting clear definitions and operationalization of intersectionality. Observational science dominated the included studies; future research should focus on intervention development and evaluation using an intersectional lens. Lastly, caution should be placed on research that focuses solely on deficits among marginalized communities, which places scientists at risk of perpetuating stereotypes or enhancing already-existing stigmas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athena D. F. Sherman
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, 1520 Clifton Road Office: 310, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Sarah Febres-Cordero
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, 1520 Clifton Road Office: 310, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Kalisha Bonds Johnson
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, 1520 Clifton Road Office: 310, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Kristen D. Clark
- Department of Nursing, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA
| | | | | | - Yufen Lin
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, 1520 Clifton Road Office: 310, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Wenhui Zhang
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, 1520 Clifton Road Office: 310, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Mercy Coleman
- Ross and Carol Nese College of Nursing, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Diane Prakash
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, 1520 Clifton Road Office: 310, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Gaea A. Daniel
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, 1520 Clifton Road Office: 310, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Arzina Tabassum Chand
- Ross and Carol Nese College of Nursing, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Ugo Kalu
- Ross and Carol Nese College of Nursing, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Robin Tarter
- Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | | | - Sydney Cohen
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, 1520 Clifton Road Office: 310, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Ursula Kelly
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, 1520 Clifton Road Office: 310, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Atlanta VA Health Care System, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Monique Balthazar
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, 1520 Clifton Road Office: 310, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Ross and Carol Nese College of Nursing, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
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Currans E. Forging gender and racial solidarities at trans-inclusive women's festivals. JOURNAL OF LESBIAN STUDIES 2023; 28:175-188. [PMID: 36880132 DOI: 10.1080/10894160.2023.2187160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This article explores the interweaving of successes and failures at trans-inclusive women's festivals. I analyze conflicts that occurred at the Mystical Womxn's Magic Festival and the Ohio Lesbian Festival. In the process, I demonstrate that working across racial and gender divides in these spaces is possible but only if we understand that solidarity is processual and relational but also, quite simply, hard work. This labor requires acknowledging that failures are an integral part of the praxis of forging alliances. By failures, I am primarily referring to moments of insensitivity, casual macroaggressions, lack of deep listening, and other common occurrences of harm. Ultimately, I argue that solidarity is a journey not an end point and that a crucial aspect of the journey is grappling with collective and personal failures along the way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Currans
- Department Head of Women's and Gender Studies, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, Michigan, USA
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Blackburn AM, Todd NR. Pride in our community: Reflecting on LGBTQ publications in the American Journal of Community Psychology. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2023; 71:158-165. [PMID: 35901504 DOI: 10.1002/ajcp.12618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
In this Virtual Special Issue (VSI), we curate and discuss a set of 28 articles previously published in the American Journal of Community Psychology (AJCP) focused on lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) communities. The purpose of this VSI is to bring visibility to this body of scholarship in AJCP and to reflect on how the strengths of our field have been used throughout this work in pursuit of supporting LGBTQ wellbeing. In this VSI, we first discuss articles that help to set the historical background for publications in AJCP. We then discuss papers under the broad themes of HIV/AIDS, identities within ecological context, and social activism among LGBTQ communities. We then reflect on opportunities for our field to further leverage our strengths in contributing to LGBTQ scholarship. Overall, this VSI celebrates the contributions to LGBTQ research already present in AJCP, and we hope inspires future contributions to the pages of AJCP and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nathan R Todd
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois, 61820, USA
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Todd NR, Blevins EJ, Yi J, Boeh Bergmann BA, Meno CG. Examining awareness of privilege among midwestern college students: An analysis of race/ethnicity, gender, and religion. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2023; 71:224-241. [PMID: 36317363 DOI: 10.1002/ajcp.12625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Dominant group members often are not aware of the privileges they benefit from due to their dominant group membership. Yet individuals are members of multiple groups and may simultaneously occupy multiple categories of dominance and marginality, raising the question of how different group memberships work in concert to facilitate or inhibit awareness of multiple forms of privilege. Examining awareness of privilege is important as awareness may be linked to action to dismantle systems of privilege that maintain oppression and inequality. Grounded in intersectional scholarship, in this study we examined how occupying intersecting categories of race/ethnicity, gender, and religion corresponded to an awareness of White, male, and Christian privilege. In a sample of 2321 Midwestern college students, we demonstrated that students from marginalized groups broadly reported greater awareness of all forms of privilege than students from dominant groups, and the difference between marginalized and dominant groups was most pronounced when the specific group category (e.g., gender) aligned with the type of privilege (e.g., male privilege). We also tested interactions among race/ethnicity, gender, and religion, only finding an interaction between race/ethnicity and religion for awareness of White and male privilege. These findings helped to clarify that multiple group memberships tended to contribute to awareness as multiple main effects rather than as multiplicative. Finally, we examined mean differences among the eight intersected groups to explore similarities and differences among groups in awareness of all types of privilege. Taken together, these findings quantitatively demonstrate the ways in which group memberships work together to contribute to awareness of multiple forms of privilege. We discuss study limitations and implications for community psychology research and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan R Todd
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois, USA
| | - Emily J Blevins
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois, USA
| | - Jacqueline Yi
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois, USA
| | - Brett A Boeh Bergmann
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois, USA
| | - Camarin G Meno
- College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences, University of Guam, Mangilao, Guam, USA
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5
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Littman DM. Third Places, Social Capital, and Sense of Community as Mechanisms of Adaptive Responding for Young People Who Experience Social Marginalization. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 69:436-450. [PMID: 34080191 DOI: 10.1002/ajcp.12531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Many young people who experience social marginalization (such as young people of color, who identify as LGBTQ, and who have experienced housing instability, among others) have often faced significant trauma exposure and social oppression and may endure subsequent adverse impacts on their well-being. Conversely, many such young people exhibit adaptive responding-the ability to maintain well-being through and despite such contextual constraints. This theoretical paper illustrates a conceptual model for how third places-public settings which offer sociability and community connection-may foster adaptive responding through the mutually constitutive (i.e., mutually reinforcing and interrelated) mechanisms of psychological sense of community and social capital. As prior work on third places has not considered the social marginalization which many young people face, especially in public settings, this theoretical model also considers how social policing in third places potentially moderates the mutually constitutive relationships between participation in third places, social capital, and psychological sense of community. This paper ends with a proposed research agenda, which may empirically test this theoretical model and its assumptions through future model development. Lastly, key considerations for policy and practice are offered, with particular attention to how young people may be affirmed and welcomed in third places rather than socially policed.
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Pesata V, Colverson A, Sonke J, Morgan-Daniel J, Schaefer N, Sams K, Carrion FME, Hanson S. Engaging the Arts for Wellbeing in the United States of America: A Scoping Review. Front Psychol 2022; 12:791773. [PMID: 35222154 PMCID: PMC8863598 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.791773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
There is increasing interest today in how the arts contribute to individual and community wellbeing. This scoping review identified and examined ways in which the arts have been used to address wellbeing in communities in the United States. The review examined 44 publications, with combined study populations representing a total of 5,080 research participants, including marginalized populations. It identified the types of artistic practices and interventions being conducted, research methods, and outcomes measured. It highlights positive associations found across a broad spectrum of psychological, physical, and social outcomes, including improvements in self-esteem and identity formation, cognition, physical balance, and physical conditioning. It also reports negative outcomes of arts interventions that may be underreported. The study identifies the need for core outcomes sets and reporting guidelines for advancing evidence synthesis in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Pesata
- University of Florida Center for Arts in Medicine Interdisciplinary Research Lab, University of Florida, Center of Arts in Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Aaron Colverson
- University of Florida Center for Arts in Medicine Interdisciplinary Research Lab, University of Florida, Center of Arts in Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Jill Sonke
- University of Florida Center for Arts in Medicine Interdisciplinary Research Lab, University of Florida, Center of Arts in Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Jane Morgan-Daniel
- Health Science Center Libraries, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Nancy Schaefer
- Health Science Center Libraries, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Kelley Sams
- University of Florida Center for Arts in Medicine Interdisciplinary Research Lab, University of Florida, Center of Arts in Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Flor Maria-Enid Carrion
- School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Sarah Hanson
- UF Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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Embodied, Situated, and Co-Constructed: Young Sexual Minority Men’s Experiences of Intersectional Identity and Minority Stress. SEX ROLES 2021; 85:606-624. [DOI: 10.1007/s11199-021-01238-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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8
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Ruiz AM, Luebke J, Klein K, Moore K, Gonzalez M, Dressel A, Mkandawire-Valhmu L. An integrative literature review and critical reflection of intersectionality theory. Nurs Inq 2021; 28:e12414. [PMID: 34153140 DOI: 10.1111/nin.12414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Intersectionality theory has been used by nursing scholars to offer insight into how multiple systems of oppression mutually interact to impact health and to examine how multiple social modes of existence shape individual and group experiences of health inequality. The application of intersectionality theory, however, requires a reflexive critical lens to more effectively inform nursing science and practice. We draw on a comprehensive integrative literature review to offer a critical reflection by considering the semantic and structural consistency, generalizability, simplicity and complexity, and the utility and value of intersectionality theory to nursing science and practice. If nurses are to effectively utilize intersectionality theory, it is essential that we are able to analyze and speak to the multiple modes of existence based on historical, social, economic, and political processes that impact the health of those we serve. Critical examination of intersectionality enables nurses to further consider its value and usefulness when applied to nursing science and practice, particularly when addressing health and social inequalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley M Ruiz
- College of Nursing, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Jeneile Luebke
- College of Nursing, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Katie Klein
- Women and Gender Studies, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Kaylen Moore
- College of Nursing, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Michael Gonzalez
- Joseph J. Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Anne Dressel
- Center for Global Health Equity, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
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9
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Perera BY, Chaudhury SR, Albinsson PA, Nafees L. This Is Who I Am: Instagram as Counterspace for Shared Gendered Ethnic Identity Expressions. JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR CONSUMER RESEARCH 2021; 6:274-285. [DOI: 10.1086/713288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/19/2023]
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10
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Margherio C, Horner-Devine MC, Mizumori SJ, Yen JW. Connecting Counterspaces and Community Cultural Wealth in a Professional Development Program. RACE, ETHNICITY AND EDUCATION 2020; 26:772-792. [PMID: 37745197 PMCID: PMC10512900 DOI: 10.1080/13613324.2020.1798378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
This qualitative study analyzes the relationship between two concepts from critical race theory-counterspaces and community cultural wealth. Counterspaces are supportive, identity-affirming community spaces, while community cultural wealth highlights the importance of the knowledge, skills, and networks used by individuals belonging to marginalized groups to successfully navigate academia. This study investigates the hypothesis that the processes operating within counterspaces serve to strengthen an individual's access to their community cultural wealth. The study site is BRAINS, a U.S.-based professional development program for early-career academic neuroscientists from underrepresented groups. Findings revealed that two types of counterspace processes (narrative identity work and direct relational transactions) and three types of community cultural wealth (aspirational capital, social capital, and navigational capital) are most salient within BRAINS. After examining the complex interactions connecting counterspace processes and community cultural wealth, we offer recommendations for future professional development programs and research designed to broaden participation in academia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara Margherio
- Center for Evaluation & Research for STEM Equity, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - M. Claire Horner-Devine
- ADVANCE Center for Institutional Change, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Counterspace Consulting, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Joyce W. Yen
- ADVANCE Center for Institutional Change, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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11
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Mihaylov NL. From victims to citizens: Emerging activist identities in the anti-fracking movement in Bulgaria. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2020; 48:170-191. [PMID: 31730743 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.22258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The anti-fracking movement in Bulgaria, 2011-2013, was a successful grassroots effort to influence national environmental policy. The study draws on social movements and community psychology scholarship to investigate the emergence, development, and implications of activist identities as an important force for the movement's success. METHODS Within a qualitative design, data were collected from interviews with activists, observations of organizing events, movement documents, and media publications. Structured and open coding followed by qualitative analyses produced descriptions and explanations of the construction and use of identities in the movement. RESULTS Four major identities emerged in social and discursive interactions among activists and between activists and contextual forces: Victims, Bulgarians, Nature-protectors, and Citizens. The four identities were used interchangeably and afforded differential empowerment and opportunities for participation in policy-making. CONCLUSION The emerging activist identities were processes and products of the complex relationships between agency and context. The study contributes in illuminating the links between policy context, empowerment, participation, and political action.
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12
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Beaulieu-Prévost D, Cormier M, Heller SM, Nelson-Gal D, McRae K. Welcome to Wonderland? A Population Study of Intimate Experiences and Safe Sex at a Transformational Mass Gathering (Burning Man). ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2019; 48:2055-2073. [PMID: 31325119 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-019-01509-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Transformational festivals are socially immersive artistic mass gatherings that are said to promote a strong feeling of belonging and experiences of personal transformation. The purposes of the present study were (1) to investigate the social and intimate experiences of Burning Man participants and (2) to study the factors predicting safe sex practices in the context of that transformational festival. The study was based on data from two consecutive cycles (2013 and 2014) of the yearly post-event online survey done in collaboration with the Burning Man Project. Participants consisted of people who attended the event (N = 19,512). The results were weighted based on the sociodemographic characteristics of the population. A typology of social and intimate experiences was created using a k-means cluster analysis. Predictors of having had unprotected sex with someone met during the event were identified using a nested logistic regression. Five profiles of social and intimate experiences were identified. Profiles with high levels of emotionally and physically intimate experiences were associated with a strong feeling of belonging and a high proportion of personal transformation. Predictive analyses showed that unprotected sex was mainly predicted by variables associated with one of three factors: (1) a lower lever of preparation and practice in using protection, (2) sex education and/or subcultures, and (3) the perceived costs and benefits associated with protection. The results also indirectly suggest a positive effect of the event on safe sex. Implications in terms of public health intervention are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Beaulieu-Prévost
- Département de sexologie, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada.
- Département de psychologie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
| | - Mélanie Cormier
- Département de sexologie, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - S Megan Heller
- Department of Anthropology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Kateri McRae
- Department of Psychology, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA
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13
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Dutt A. Feminist Organizing in Rural Nicaragua: Assessing a Psychosocial Process to Promote Empowered Solidarity. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2018; 61:500-511. [PMID: 29672863 DOI: 10.1002/ajcp.12247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study examines a psychosocial process linking women's involvement in a grassroots women's organization with skills and experiences to promote empowered solidarity. Empowered solidarity is described as a process of increasing the sense of connection and capacity to create social transformation among a group of people united by interest in addressing a social issue. Data collected and analyzed for this research were 298 quantitative surveys conducted with two groups of women living in rural Nicaragua. One group of women were members of a grassroots feminist organization, and the other group lived in nearby communities where the organization did not offer programs. Findings document higher levels of leadership skills and sense of community, and lower levels of powerlessness among members of the organization. Additionally, tests of a process model using structural equation modeling provides support for a model that links involvement in the organization to women's increased interest in, capacity and experience in working to support women, broadly. Overall findings from this research are valuable to both community psychologists and groups seeking to enhance social justice and uphold feminist values of equity and community well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Dutt
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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14
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McConnell EA, Janulis P, Phillips G, Truong R, Birkett M. Multiple Minority Stress and LGBT Community Resilience among Sexual Minority Men. PSYCHOLOGY OF SEXUAL ORIENTATION AND GENDER DIVERSITY 2018; 5:1-12. [PMID: 29546228 DOI: 10.1037/sgd0000265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Minority stress theory has widespread research support in explaining health disparities experienced by sexual and gender minorities. However, less is known about how minority stress impacts multiply marginalized groups, such as lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender people of color (LGBT POC). Also, although research has documented resilience in the face of minority stress at the individual level, research is needed that examines macro-level processes such as community resilience (Meyer, 2015). In the current study, we integrate minority stress theory and intersectionality theory to examine multiple minority stress (i.e., racial/ethnic stigma in LGBT spaces and LGBT stigma in one's neighborhood) and community resilience (i.e., connection to LGBT community) among sexual minority men of different racial/ethnic groups who use a geosocial networking application for meeting sexual partners. Results showed that Black sexual minority men reported the highest levels of racial/ethnic stigma in LGBT spaces and White sexual minority men reported the lowest levels, with Asian and Hispanic/Latino men falling in between. Consistent with minority stress theory, racial/ethnic stigma in LGBT spaces and LGBT stigma in one's neighborhood were associated with greater stress for sexual minority men of all racial/ethnic groups. However, connection to LGBT community played more central role in mediating the relationship between stigma and stress for White than POC sexual minority men. Results suggest that minority stress and community resilience processes may differ for White and POC sexual minority men. Potential processes driving these differences and implications for minority stress theory are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patrick Janulis
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Gregory Phillips
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Roky Truong
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Michelle Birkett
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
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15
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Haarlammert M, Birman D, Oberoi A, Moore WJ. Inside-Out: Representational Ethics and Diverse Communities. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2017; 60:414-423. [PMID: 29027672 DOI: 10.1002/ajcp.12188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to write about insights and special considerations for researchers who are, to some degree, "insiders" to the communities they study by expanding on the concept of representational ethics as applied to research in community psychology with diverse and marginalized groups. Representational ethics refers to the ways that researchers, artists, or corporations represent the identities of the people they portray in their communications. As community psychologists we generate and disseminate knowledge about the communities we work with, and in that process, create narratives about the people who participate in our studies. In preparing a report on psychological issues among Evangelical Christian refugees from the former Soviet Union, Dina Birman struggled with her portrayal of this group and her own status of being both an insider and an outsider to this community. When investigating academic aspirations and psychological distress among Muslim high school students, Ashmeet Oberoi was forced to acknowledge the one-sidedness of the discourse on autonomy and cultural socialization of Muslim adolescents. In her research with Cuban-educated doctors in Miami, Florida, Wendy Moore encountered similar issues as she considered how to represent gender dynamics among her participants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dina Birman
- University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
- Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, Russia
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16
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Abstract
Reflexivity is an important tool for navigating ethically important moments in fieldwork. It may be particularly useful in situations where the researcher has the potential to undermine the conduct of the study and/or the well-being-enhancing role of counterspaces. In this article, I explore my use of reflexivity to traverse ethically important moments I encountered while investigating a counterspace for African-American youth who had been incarcerated. The ethical challenge concerned whether and how to continue this study in light of realizing that I held implicit biases toward the research participants. I describe my process for arriving at a decision and propose key considerations for the use of reflexivity in supporting ethical fieldwork within counterspaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D Case
- Department of Psychological Science and Health Psychology PhD Program, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
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17
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Hill JL. Where is the Dialectic in the Community-Diversity Dialectic? AMERICAN JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2017; 59:276-279. [PMID: 28349573 DOI: 10.1002/ajcp.12134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Agent-based modeling has provided some interesting investigations of the hypothesis that there is a dialectical relationship between sense of community and diversity. A close look at those models strongly suggests that only models in which the attributes of agents are fixed completely support that hypothesis. Models which acknowledge that diversity is contextually defined, and thus changeable, suggest that there is no inherent dialectical relationship between the two values. Rather, it is the context of the setting, the way in which the setting is socially constructed, that determines whether a strong sense of community can exist in highly diverse settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean L Hill
- Psychology, New Mexico Highlands University, Las Vegas, NM, USA
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Houston-Kolnik JD, Todd NR. Examining the Presence of Congregational Programs Focused on Violence Against Women. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2016; 57:459-472. [PMID: 27233477 DOI: 10.1002/ajcp.12055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Religious congregations are uniquely poised to provide programs to support survivors of violence against women; yet little is known regarding the prevalence of such programs. In this study, we used data from three waves of the National Congregation Study (N = 3334) to examine change across time in the presence of a congregational program to support survivors of sexual assault or domestic violence. We also explored results among different Christian religious traditions across time. Given the gendered nature of this violence, we also tested whether the (a) gender of the head clergy (i.e., religious leader), and (b) ability of women to serve in congregational leadership roles predicted the presence of programs. As points of comparison, we also examined the total number of congregational social service programs and food programs in particular. Overall, we found different patterns of change across religious traditions for the different programs. Moreover, clergy gender and the ability of women to serve in leadership roles predicted the presence of different types of programs. Limitations, implications, and directions for future research also are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nathan R Todd
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
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