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Bistué-Rovira À, Rico LG, Bardina J, Juncà J, Granada I, Bradford JA, Ward MD, Salvia R, Solé F, Petriz J. Persistence of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Stem-like Populations under Simultaneous In Vitro Treatment with Curcumin, Fludarabine, and Ibrutinib: Implications for Therapy Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1994. [PMID: 38396682 PMCID: PMC10888954 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25041994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Leukemic stem cells (LSCs) possess similar characteristics to normal hematopoietic stem cells, including self-renewal capacity, quiescence, ability to initiate leukemia, and drug resistance. These cells play a significant role in leukemia relapse, persisting even after apparent remission. LSCs were first described in 1994 by Lapidot et al. Although they have been extensively studied in acute leukemia, more LSC research is still needed in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) to understand if reduced apoptosis in mature cells should still be considered as the major cause of this disease. Here, we provide new evidence suggesting the existence of stem-like cell populations in CLL, which may help to understand the disease as well as to develop effective treatments. In this study, we identified a potential leukemic stem cell subpopulation using the tetraploid CLL cell line I83. This subpopulation is characterized by diploid cells that were capable of generating the I83 tetraploid population. Furthermore, we adapted a novel flow cytometry analysis protocol to detect CLL subpopulations with stem cell properties in peripheral blood samples and primary cultures from CLL patients. These cells were identified by their co-expression of CD19 and CD5, characteristic markers of CLL cells. As previously described, increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity is indicative of stemness and pluripotency. Moreover, we used this method to investigate the potential synergistic effect of curcumin in combination with fludarabine and ibrutinib to deplete this subpopulation. Our results confirmed the effectiveness of this ALP-based analysis protocol in detecting and monitoring leukemic stem-like cells in CLL. This analysis also identified limitations in eradicating these populations using in vitro testing. Furthermore, our findings demonstrated that curcumin significantly enhanced the effects of fludarabine and ibrutinib on the leukemic fraction, exhibiting synergistic effects (combination drug index, CDI 0.97 and 0.37, respectively). Our results lend support to the existence of potential stem-like populations in CLL cell lines, and to the idea that curcumin could serve as an effective adjuvant in therapies aimed at eliminating these populations and improving treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Àngel Bistué-Rovira
- Departament de Farmacologia, Terapèutica i Toxicologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain;
| | - Laura G. Rico
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08916 Badalona, Spain; (L.G.R.); (R.S.)
| | - Jorge Bardina
- Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Juncà
- MDS Group, Institut de Recerca Contra la Leucèmia Josep Carreras, 08916 Badalona, Spain; (J.J.); (I.G.); (F.S.)
| | - Isabel Granada
- MDS Group, Institut de Recerca Contra la Leucèmia Josep Carreras, 08916 Badalona, Spain; (J.J.); (I.G.); (F.S.)
| | - Jolene A. Bradford
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Fort Collins, CO 80524, USA; (J.A.B.); (M.D.W.)
| | - Michael D. Ward
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Fort Collins, CO 80524, USA; (J.A.B.); (M.D.W.)
| | - Roser Salvia
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08916 Badalona, Spain; (L.G.R.); (R.S.)
| | - Francesc Solé
- MDS Group, Institut de Recerca Contra la Leucèmia Josep Carreras, 08916 Badalona, Spain; (J.J.); (I.G.); (F.S.)
| | - Jordi Petriz
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08916 Badalona, Spain; (L.G.R.); (R.S.)
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Manica D, Silva GBD, Silva APD, Marafon F, Maciel SFVDO, Bagatini MD, Moreno M. Curcumin promotes apoptosis of human melanoma cells by caspase 3. Cell Biochem Funct 2023; 41:1295-1304. [PMID: 37792322 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Cutaneous melanoma (CM) is a malignant neoplasm with a high metastatic rate that shows poor response to systemic treatments in patients with advanced stages. Recently, studies have highlighted the antineoplastic potential of natural compounds, such as polyphenols, in the adjuvant therapy context to treat CM. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of curcumin (0.1-100 µM) on the metastatic CM cell line SK-MEL-28. The cells were treated for 6 and 24 h with different concentrations of curcumin. Cell viability was assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and fluorescence microscopy. The apoptotic-inducing potential was detected by annexin V flow cytometry. The wound healing assay was used to verify cell migration after the curcumin exposition. The redox profile was evaluated by levels of the pro-oxidant markers reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Nitric oxide (NOx) and antioxidants of total thiols (PSH) and nonprotein thiols. The gene expression and enzymatic activity of caspase 3 were evaluated by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and a sensitive fluorescence assay, respectively. Curcumin significantly decreased the cell viability of SK-MEL-28 cells at both exposure times. It also induced apoptosis at the highest concentration tested (p < .0001). SK-MEL-28 cell migration was inhibited by curcumin after treatment with 10 µM (p < .0001) and 100 µM (p < .0001) for 6 and 24 h (p = .0006 and p < .0001, respectively). Furthermore, curcumin significantly increased levels of ROS and NOx. Finally, curcumin was capable of increasing the gene expression at 10 µM (p = .0344) and 100 µM (p = .0067) and enzymatic activity at 10 µM (p = .0086) and 100 µM (p < .0001) of caspase 3 after 24 h. For the first time, we elucidated in our study that curcumin increases ROS levels, promoting oxidative stress that activates the caspase pathway and culminates in SK-MEL-28 metastatic CM cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiane Manica
- Postgraduate Programme in Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Gilnei Bruno da Silva
- Multicentric Postgraduate Programme in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of Santa Catarina, Lages, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Alana Patrícia da Silva
- Postgraduate Programme in Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Filomena Marafon
- Postgraduate Programme in Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | - Margarete Dulce Bagatini
- Postgraduate Programme in Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Chapecó, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Moreno
- Postgraduate Programme in Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Chapecó, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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Andreazzoli F, Bonucci M. Integrative Hematology: State of the Art. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021732. [PMID: 36675247 PMCID: PMC9864076 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood cancers are a group of diseases with thus far frequently poor prognosis. Although many new drugs, including target therapies, have been developed in recent years, there is still a need to expand our therapeutic armamentarium to better deal with these diseases. Integrative hematology was conceived as a discipline that enriches the patient's therapeutic possibilities with the use of supplements, vitamins and a nutritional approach aiming at improving the response to therapies and the clinical outcome. We will analyze the substances that have proved most useful in preclinical and clinical studies in some of the most frequent blood diseases or in those where these studies are more numerous; the importance of the nutritional approach and the role of the intestinal microbiota will also be emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Andreazzoli
- Department of Hematology, Versilia’s Hospital, Viale Aurelia, 335, 55049 Camaiore, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Massimo Bonucci
- Association for Research on Integrative Oncology Therapies (ARTOI), Via Ludovico Micara, 73, 00165 Rome, Italy
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Xu W, Wang B, Gao Y, Cai Y, Zhang J, Wu Z, Wei J, Guo C, Yuan C. Alkaloids exhibit a meaningful function as anticancer agents by restraining cellular signaling pathways. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 22:968-983. [PMID: 34620048 DOI: 10.2174/1389557521666211007114935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Alkaloids are nitrogen-containing organic compounds widely found in natural products, which play an essential role in clinical treatment. Cellular signaling pathways in tumors are a series of enzymatic reaction pathways that convert extracellular signals into intracellular signals to produce biological effects. The ordered function of cell signaling pathways is essential for tumor cell proliferation, differentiation, and programmed death. This review describes the antitumor progression mediated by various alkaloids after inhibiting classical signaling pathways; related studies are systematically retrieved and collected through PubMed. We selected the four currently most popular pathways for discussion and introduced the molecular mechanisms mediated by alkaloids in different signaling pathways, including the NF-kB signaling pathway, PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, and P53 signaling pathway. The research progress of alkaloids related to tumor signal transduction pathways and the realization of alkaloids as cancer prevention drugs by targeting signal pathways remains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Xu
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002. China
| | - Bei Wang
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002. China
| | - Yisong Gao
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002. China
| | - Yuxuan Cai
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002. China
| | - Jiali Zhang
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002. China
| | - Zhiyin Wu
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002. China
| | - Jiameng Wei
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002. China
| | - Chong Guo
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002. China
| | - Chengfu Yuan
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002. China
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Buhrmann C, Yazdi M, Bashiri Dezfouli A, Samani Sahraneshin F, Ebrahimi SM, Hamidollah Ghaffari S, Yaghmaie M, Barin A, Shakibaei M, Shayan P. Significant decrease in the viability and tumor stem cell marker expression in tumor cell lines treated with curcumin. J Herb Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2020.100339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Surapally S, Jayaprakasam M, Verma RS. Curcumin augments therapeutic efficacy of TRAIL-based immunotoxins in leukemia. Pharmacol Rep 2020; 72:1032-1046. [PMID: 32141025 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-020-00073-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL/Apo2L) has been perceived as a promising anti-cancer agent because of its unique ability to kill cancer cells while sparing normal cells. However, translation of TRAIL to clinical studies was less successful as a large number of cancer cells acquire resistance to TRAIL-based monotherapies. An ideal strategy to overcome TRAIL resistance is to combine it with potential sensitizing agents. OBJECTIVE To investigate the TRAIL-sensitizing effect of curcumin in leukemia. METHODS The mechanism underlying TRAIL sensitization by curcumin was studied by flow cytometric analysis of TRAIL receptors in leukemic cell lines and patient samples, and immunoblot detection of TRAIL-apoptosis signaling proteins. RESULTS Curcumin augments TRAIL-apoptotic signaling in leukemic cells by upregulating the expression of DR4 and DR5 along with suppression of cFLIP and anti-apoptotic proteins Mcl-1, Bcl-xl, and XIAP. Curcumin pre-treatment significantly (p < 0.01) enhanced the sensitivity of leukemic cell lines to TRAIL recombinant proteins. IL2-TRAIL peptide in the presence of curcumin induced potent apoptosis (p < 0.001) as compared to TRAIL and IL2-TRAIL protein in leukemic cell lines with IC50 < 0.1 μΜ. Additionally, the combination of IL2-TRAIL peptide and curcumin showed significant cytotoxicity in patient peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) with an efficacy of 90% in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), but 100% in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML). CONCLUSION Overall, our results suggest that curcumin potentiates TRAIL-induced apoptosis through modulation of death receptors and anti-apoptotic proteins which significantly enhances the therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sridevi Surapally
- Stem Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences Building, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600036, India
| | - Madhumathi Jayaprakasam
- Division of Epidemiology and Communicable Diseases, Indian Council for Medical Research (ICMR), New Delhi, India
| | - Rama Shanker Verma
- Stem Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences Building, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600036, India.
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7
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Bolger GT, Licollari A, Tan A, Greil R, Vcelar B, Greil-Ressler S, Weiss L, Schönlieb C, Magnes T, Radl B, Majeed M, Sordillo PP. Pharmacokinetics of liposomal curcumin (Lipocurc™) infusion: effect of co-medication in cancer patients and comparison with healthy individuals. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2018; 83:265-275. [PMID: 30430227 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-018-3730-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Investigation of the impact of co-medication on the plasma levels of curcumin and tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) in cancer patients and a comparison of the pharmacokinetics of curcumin and plasma levels of THC between cancer patients and healthy individuals following intravenous infusion of Lipocurc™ (liposomal curcumin). METHODS Correlation analysis was used to determine the impact of co-medication on infusion rate normalized plasma levels of curcumin and THC in cancer patients and to compare the plasma levels of curcumin and THC at different infusion rates between cancer patients and healthy individuals. In vitro hepatocyte and red blood cell distribution experiments were conducted with Lipocurc™ to support clinical findings. Plasma concentration time data were analyzed by the non-compartmental method to determine and compare the pharmacokinetic parameters of curcumin in cancer patients and healthy individuals. RESULTS Of 44 co-medications studied, three medications targeting the renin-angiotensin system, Lisinopril, Ramipril, and Valsartan elevated plasma levels of curcumin and THC in three cancer patients infused with Lipocurc™. Cell distribution experiments indicated that the disposition of curcumin in red blood cells may be a target for elevation of the plasma levels of curcumin. Plasma levels of curcumin in cancer patients increased to a greater extent with increased infusion rate compared to healthy individuals. Upon termination of infusion, the elimination phase for curcumin was shorter with a shorter terminal half-life and smaller volume of distribution for curcumin in cancer patients compared to healthy individuals. CONCLUSION Either co-medications or health status, or both, can impact the pharmacokinetics of curcumin infusion (as Lipocurc™) in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon T Bolger
- Nucro-Technics, 2000 Ellesmere Road, Unit 16, Scarborough, ON, M1H 2W4, Canada.
| | - Albert Licollari
- Nucro-Technics, 2000 Ellesmere Road, Unit 16, Scarborough, ON, M1H 2W4, Canada
| | - Amin Tan
- Nucro-Technics, 2000 Ellesmere Road, Unit 16, Scarborough, ON, M1H 2W4, Canada
| | - Richard Greil
- III rd Medical Department, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
- Salzburg Cancer Research Institute-Center for Clinical Cancer and Immunology Trials (SCRI-CCCIT), Salzburg, Austria
- Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Brigitta Vcelar
- Polymun Scientific Immunbiologische Forschung GmbH, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Sigrun Greil-Ressler
- III rd Medical Department, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
- Salzburg Cancer Research Institute-Center for Clinical Cancer and Immunology Trials (SCRI-CCCIT), Salzburg, Austria
| | - Lukas Weiss
- III rd Medical Department, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
- Salzburg Cancer Research Institute-Center for Clinical Cancer and Immunology Trials (SCRI-CCCIT), Salzburg, Austria
| | - Charlotte Schönlieb
- III rd Medical Department, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
- Salzburg Cancer Research Institute-Center for Clinical Cancer and Immunology Trials (SCRI-CCCIT), Salzburg, Austria
| | - Teresa Magnes
- III rd Medical Department, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
- Salzburg Cancer Research Institute-Center for Clinical Cancer and Immunology Trials (SCRI-CCCIT), Salzburg, Austria
| | - Bianca Radl
- III rd Medical Department, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
- Salzburg Cancer Research Institute-Center for Clinical Cancer and Immunology Trials (SCRI-CCCIT), Salzburg, Austria
| | | | - Peter P Sordillo
- SignPath Pharma, Inc, 51 East 82 Street, #1A, New York, NY, 10028, USA.
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8
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Bange E, Timlin C, Kabel C, Svoboda J, Roeker L, Mato AR. Evidence for and Against Green Tea and Turmeric in the Management of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. CLINICAL LYMPHOMA, MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA 2018; 18:e421-e426. [PMID: 30007569 PMCID: PMC7397615 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2018.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is a diverse group of medical and health care systems, practices, and products that are not generally considered part of conventional medicine. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common leukemia diagnosed in the western hemisphere, and 16.5% to 66% of patients have reported using CAM. Most patients use spiritual/mind-body techniques and high doses of vitamins and herbs (most commonly polyphenols, including teas). We have reviewed the reported data on green tea and turmeric use in CLL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Bange
- Center for CLL, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Colleen Timlin
- Center for CLL, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Charlene Kabel
- CLL Program, Leukemia Service, Section of Hematologic Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Jakub Svoboda
- Center for CLL, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Lindsey Roeker
- CLL Program, Leukemia Service, Section of Hematologic Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Anthony R Mato
- CLL Program, Leukemia Service, Section of Hematologic Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY.
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Pandey MK, Gupta SC, Nabavizadeh A, Aggarwal BB. Regulation of cell signaling pathways by dietary agents for cancer prevention and treatment. Semin Cancer Biol 2017; 46:158-181. [PMID: 28823533 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Although it is widely accepted that better food habits do play important role in cancer prevention and treatment, how dietary agents mediate their effects remains poorly understood. More than thousand different polyphenols have been identified from dietary plants. In this review, we discuss the underlying mechanism by which dietary agents can modulate a variety of cell-signaling pathways linked to cancer, including transcription factors, nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), activator protein-1 (AP-1), β-catenin/Wnt, peroxisome proliferator activator receptor- gamma (PPAR-γ), Sonic Hedgehog, and nuclear factor erythroid 2 (Nrf2); growth factors receptors (EGFR, VEGFR, IGF1-R); protein Kinases (Ras/Raf, mTOR, PI3K, Bcr-abl and AMPK); and pro-inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, interleukins, COX-2, 5-LOX). In addition, modulation of proteasome and epigenetic changes by the dietary agents also play a major role in their ability to control cancer. Both in vitro and animal based studies support the role of dietary agents in cancer. The efficacy of dietary agents by clinical trials has also been reported. Importantly, natural agents are already in clinical trials against different kinds of cancer. Overall both in vitro and in vivo studies performed with dietary agents strongly support their role in cancer prevention. Thus, the famous quote "Let food be thy medicine and medicine be thy food" made by Hippocrates 25 centuries ago still holds good.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj K Pandey
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA.
| | - Subash C Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Ali Nabavizadeh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA
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Ghamlouch H, Nguyen-Khac F, Bernard OA. Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia genomics and the precision medicine era. Br J Haematol 2017; 178:852-870. [DOI: 10.1111/bjh.14719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hussein Ghamlouch
- Institut National De La Santé Et De La Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1170; Villejuif France
- Gustave Roussy; Villejuif France
- Université Paris Saclay; Paris France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer; Paris France
| | - Florence Nguyen-Khac
- INSERM U1138; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6; Service d'Hématologie Biologique; Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière; APHP; Paris France
| | - Olivier A. Bernard
- Institut National De La Santé Et De La Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1170; Villejuif France
- Gustave Roussy; Villejuif France
- Université Paris Saclay; Paris France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer; Paris France
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12
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Teymouri M, Barati N, Pirro M, Sahebkar A. Biological and pharmacological evaluation of dimethoxycurcumin: A metabolically stable curcumin analogue with a promising therapeutic potential. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:124-140. [PMID: 27996095 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Dimethoxycurcumin (DiMC) is a synthetic analog of curcumin with superior inter-related pro-oxidant and anti-cancer activity, and metabolic stability. Numerous studies have shown that DiMC reserves the biologically beneficial features, including anti-inflammatory, anti-carcinogenic, and cytoprotective properties, almost to the same extent as curcumin exhibits. DiMC lacks the phenolic-OH groups as opposed to curcumin, dimethoxycurcumin, and bis-demethoxycurcumin that all vary in the number of methoxy groups per molecule, and has drawn the attentions of researchers who attempted to discover the structure-activity relationship (SAR) of curcumin. In this regard, tetrahydrocurcumin (THC), the reduced and biologically inert metabolite of curcumin, denotes the significance of the conjugated α,β diketone moiety for the curcumin activity. DiMC exerts unique molecular activities compared to curcumin, including induction of androgen receptor (AR) degradation and suppression of the transcription factor activator protein-1 (AP-1). The enhanced AR degradation on DiMC treatment suggests it as a novel anticancer agent against resistant tumors with androgenic etiology. Further, DiMC might be a potential treatment for acne vulgaris. DiMC induces epigenetic alteration more effectively than curcumin, although both showed no direct DNA hypomethylating activity. Given the metabolic stability, nanoparticulation of DiMC is more promising for in vivo effectiveness. However, studies in this regard are still in its infancy. In the current review, we portray the various molecular and biological functions of DiMC reported so far. Whenever possible, the efficiency is compared with curcumin and the reasons for DiMC being more metabolically stable are elaborated. We also provide future perspective investigations with respect to varying DiMC-nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manouchehr Teymouri
- Biotechnology Research Center, Nanotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Nastaran Barati
- Biotechnology Research Center, Nanotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Matteo Pirro
- Department of Medicine, Unit of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Arteriosclerosis Diseases, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Amirhosein Sahebkar
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Torquato HFV, Goettert MI, Justo GZ, Paredes-Gamero EJ. Anti-Cancer Phytometabolites Targeting Cancer Stem Cells. Curr Genomics 2017; 18:156-174. [PMID: 28367074 PMCID: PMC5345336 DOI: 10.2174/1389202917666160803162309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2015] [Revised: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants are a plentiful source of bioactive molecules with much structural diversity. In cancer treatment, molecules obtained from plants represent an attractive alternative to other treatments because several plant-derived compounds have exhibited lower toxicity and higher selectivity against cancer cells. In this review, we focus on the possible application of bioactive molecules obtained from plants against more primitive cell populations in cancers, cancer stem cells. Cancer stem cells are present in several kinds of tumors and are responsible for recurrences and metastases. Common anti-cancer drugs exhibit lower effectiveness against cancer stem cells because of their biological features. However, recently discovered natural phytometabolites exert cytotoxic effects on this rare population of cells in cancers. Therefore, this review presents the latest research on promising compounds from plants that can act as antitumor drugs and that mainly affect stem cell populations in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heron F V Torquato
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Campus São Paulo), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Márcia I Goettert
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Centro Universitário Univates, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Giselle Z Justo
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Campus São Paulo), São Paulo, Brazil;; Departamento de Ciências Biológicas (Campus Diadema), Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edgar J Paredes-Gamero
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Campus São Paulo), São Paulo, Brazil;; Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Bioquímica, Universidade de Mogi das Cruzes, São Paulo, Brazil
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Mansouri L, Papakonstantinou N, Ntoufa S, Stamatopoulos K, Rosenquist R. NF-κB activation in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: A point of convergence of external triggers and intrinsic lesions. Semin Cancer Biol 2016; 39:40-8. [PMID: 27491692 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2016.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway is constitutively activated in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients, and hence plays a major role in disease development and evolution. In contrast to many other mature B-cell lymphomas, only a few recurrently mutated genes involved in canonical or non-canonical NF-κB activation have been identified in CLL (i.e. BIRC3, MYD88 and NFKBIE mutations) and often at a low frequency. On the other hand, CLL B cells seem 'addicted' to the tumor microenvironment for their survival and proliferation, which is primarily mediated by interaction through a number of cell surface receptors, e.g. the B-cell receptor (BcR), Toll-like receptors and CD40, that in turn activate downstream NF-κB. The importance of cell-extrinsic triggering for CLL pathophysiology was recently also highlighted by the clinical efficacy of novel drugs targeting microenvironmental interactions through the inhibition of BcR signaling. In other words, CLL can be considered a prototype disease for studying the intricate interplay between external triggers and intrinsic aberrations and their combined impact on disease evolution. In this review, we will discuss the current understanding of mechanisms underlying NF-κB deregulation in CLL, including micro-environmental, genetic and epigenetic events, and summarize data generated in murine models resembling human CLL. Finally, we will also discuss different strategies undertaken to intervene with the NF-κB pathway and its upstream mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larry Mansouri
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Nikos Papakonstantinou
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Institute of Applied Biosciences, CERTH, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stavroula Ntoufa
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Institute of Applied Biosciences, CERTH, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Kostas Stamatopoulos
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Institute of Applied Biosciences, CERTH, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Richard Rosenquist
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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15
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Curcumin AntiCancer Studies in Pancreatic Cancer. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8070433. [PMID: 27438851 PMCID: PMC4963909 DOI: 10.3390/nu8070433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 07/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the deadliest cancers worldwide. Surgical resection remains the only curative therapeutic treatment for this disease, although only the minority of patients can be resected due to late diagnosis. Systemic gemcitabine-based chemotherapy plus nab-paclitaxel are used as the gold-standard therapy for patients with advanced PC; although this treatment is associated with a better overall survival compared to the old treatment, many side effects and poor results are still present. Therefore, new alternative therapies have been considered for treatment of advanced PC. Several preclinical studies have demonstrated that curcumin, a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound, has anticancer effects against different types of cancer, including PC, by modulating many molecular targets. Regarding PC, in vitro studies have shown potent cytotoxic effects of curcumin on different PC cell lines including MiaPaCa-2, Panc-1, AsPC-1, and BxPC-3. In addition, in vivo studies on PC models have shown that the anti-proliferative effects of curcumin are caused by the inhibition of oxidative stress and angiogenesis and are due to the induction of apoptosis. On the basis of these results, several researchers tested the anticancer effects of curcumin in clinical trials, trying to overcome the poor bioavailability of this agent by developing new bioavailable forms of curcumin. In this article, we review the results of pre-clinical and clinical studies on the effects of curcumin in the treatment of PC.
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Zeng Y, Weng G, Fan J, Li Z, Wu J, Li Y, Zheng R, Xia P, Guo K. Curcumin reduces the expression of survivin, leading to enhancement of arsenic trioxide-induced apoptosis in myelodysplastic syndrome and leukemia stem-like cells. Oncol Rep 2016; 36:1233-42. [PMID: 27430728 PMCID: PMC5001835 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.4944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Low response, treatment-related complications and relapse due to the low sensitivity of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and leukemia stem cells (LSCs) or pre-LSCs to arsenic trioxide (ATO), represent the main problems following treatment with ATO alone in patients with MDS. To solve these problems, a chemosensitization agent can be applied to increase the susceptibility of these cells to ATO. Curcumin (CUR), which possesses a wide range of anticancer activities, is a commonly used chemosensitization agent for various types of tumors, including hematopoietic malignancies. In the present study, we investigated the cytotoxic effects and potential mechanisms in MDS-SKM-1 and leukemia stem-like KG1a cells treated with CUR and ATO alone or in combination. CUR and ATO exhibited growth inhibition detected by MTT assays and apoptosis analyzed by Annexin V/PI analyses in both SKM-1 and KG1a cells. Apoptosis of SKM-1 and KG1a cells determined by Annexin V/PI was significantly enhanced in the combination groups compared with the groups treated with either agent alone. Further evaluation was performed by western blotting for two hallmark markers of apoptosis, caspase-3 and cleaved-PARP. Co-treatment of the cells with CUR and ATO resulted in significant synergistic effects. In SKM-1 and KG1a cells, 31 and 13 proteins analyzed by protein array assays were modulated, respectively. Notably, survivin protein expression levels were downregulated in both cell lines treated with CUR alone and in combination with ATO, particularly in the latter case. Susceptibility to apoptosis was significantly increased in SKM-1 and KG1a cells treated with siRNA-survivin and ATO. These results suggested that CUR increased the sensitivity of SKM-1 and KG1a cells to ATO by downregulating the expression of survivin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjian Zeng
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Jiangmen Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Jinan University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529000, P.R. China
| | - Guangyang Weng
- Deparment of Hematology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, P.R. China
| | - Jiaxin Fan
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Jiangmen Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Jinan University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529000, P.R. China
| | - Zhangqiu Li
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Jiangmen Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Jinan University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529000, P.R. China
| | - Jianwei Wu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Jiangmen Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Jinan University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529000, P.R. China
| | - Yuanming Li
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Jiangmen Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Jinan University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529000, P.R. China
| | - Rong Zheng
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Jiangmen Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Jinan University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529000, P.R. China
| | - Pingfang Xia
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Jiangmen Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Jinan University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529000, P.R. China
| | - Kunyuan Guo
- Department of Hematology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, P.R. China
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17
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Mohammad RM, Muqbil I, Lowe L, Yedjou C, Hsu HY, Lin LT, Siegelin MD, Fimognari C, Kumar NB, Dou QP, Yang H, Samadi AK, Russo GL, Spagnuolo C, Ray SK, Chakrabarti M, Morre JD, Coley HM, Honoki K, Fujii H, Georgakilas AG, Amedei A, Niccolai E, Amin A, Ashraf SS, Helferich WG, Yang X, Boosani CS, Guha G, Bhakta D, Ciriolo MR, Aquilano K, Chen S, Mohammed SI, Keith WN, Bilsland A, Halicka D, Nowsheen S, Azmi AS. Broad targeting of resistance to apoptosis in cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2015; 35 Suppl:S78-S103. [PMID: 25936818 PMCID: PMC4720504 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 496] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Revised: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis or programmed cell death is natural way of removing aged cells from the body. Most of the anti-cancer therapies trigger apoptosis induction and related cell death networks to eliminate malignant cells. However, in cancer, de-regulated apoptotic signaling, particularly the activation of an anti-apoptotic systems, allows cancer cells to escape this program leading to uncontrolled proliferation resulting in tumor survival, therapeutic resistance and recurrence of cancer. This resistance is a complicated phenomenon that emanates from the interactions of various molecules and signaling pathways. In this comprehensive review we discuss the various factors contributing to apoptosis resistance in cancers. The key resistance targets that are discussed include (1) Bcl-2 and Mcl-1 proteins; (2) autophagy processes; (3) necrosis and necroptosis; (4) heat shock protein signaling; (5) the proteasome pathway; (6) epigenetic mechanisms; and (7) aberrant nuclear export signaling. The shortcomings of current therapeutic modalities are highlighted and a broad spectrum strategy using approaches including (a) gossypol; (b) epigallocatechin-3-gallate; (c) UMI-77 (d) triptolide and (e) selinexor that can be used to overcome cell death resistance is presented. This review provides a roadmap for the design of successful anti-cancer strategies that overcome resistance to apoptosis for better therapeutic outcome in patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramzi M Mohammad
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States; Interim translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Irfana Muqbil
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Leroy Lowe
- Getting to Know Cancer, Truro, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Clement Yedjou
- C-SET, [Jackson, #229] State University, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - Hsue-Yin Hsu
- Department of Life Sciences, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Tzung Lin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Markus David Siegelin
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York City, NY, United States
| | - Carmela Fimognari
- Dipartimento di Scienze per la Qualità della Vita Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, Italy
| | - Nagi B Kumar
- Moffit Cancer Center, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Q Ping Dou
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States; Departments of Pharmacology and Pathology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit MI, United States
| | - Huanjie Yang
- The School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | | | - Gian Luigi Russo
- Institute of Food Sciences National Research Council, Avellino, Italy
| | - Carmela Spagnuolo
- Institute of Food Sciences National Research Council, Avellino, Italy
| | - Swapan K Ray
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Mrinmay Chakrabarti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - James D Morre
- Mor-NuCo, Inc, Purdue Research Park, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Helen M Coley
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Kanya Honoki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Fujii
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Alexandros G Georgakilas
- Department of Physics, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou 15780, Athens, Greece
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, university of florence, Italy
| | - Elena Niccolai
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, university of florence, Italy
| | - Amr Amin
- Department of Biology, College of Science, UAE University, United Arab Emirates; Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - S Salman Ashraf
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, UAE University, United Arab Emirates
| | - William G Helferich
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Xujuan Yang
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Chandra S Boosani
- Department of BioMedical Sciences, School of Medicine Creighton University, Omaha NE, United States
| | - Gunjan Guha
- School of Chemical and Bio Technology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Dipita Bhakta
- School of Chemical and Bio Technology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India
| | | | - Katia Aquilano
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Italy
| | - Sophie Chen
- Ovarian and Prostate Cancer Research Trust Laboratory, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Sulma I Mohammed
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology and Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - W Nicol Keith
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Ireland
| | - Alan Bilsland
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Ireland
| | - Dorota Halicka
- Department of Pathology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Somaira Nowsheen
- Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Medical School, Mayo Clinic Medical Scientist Training Program, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Asfar S Azmi
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
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18
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Kanai M. Therapeutic applications of curcumin for patients with pancreatic cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:9384-9391. [PMID: 25071333 PMCID: PMC4110570 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i28.9384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2013] [Revised: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A number of preclinical studies have demonstrated anticancer effects for curcumin in various types of tumors, including pancreatic cancer. Curcumin has anticancer effects both alone and in combination with other anticancer drugs (e.g., gemcitabine, 5-fluorouracil, and oxaliplatin), and it has been shown to modulate a variety of molecular targets in preclinical models, with more than 30 molecular targets identified to date. Of these various molecules, NF-κB is thought to be one of the primary targets of curcumin activity. Based on these promising preclinical results, several research groups, including our own, have progressed to testing the anticancer effects of curcumin in clinical trials; however, the poor bioavailability of this agent has been the major challenge for its clinical application. Despite the ingestion of gram-level doses of curcumin, plasma curcumin levels remain at low (ng/mL) levels in patients, which is insufficient to yield the anticancer benefits of curcumin. This problem has been solved by the development of highly bioavailable forms of curcumin (THERACURMIN®), and higher plasma curcumin levels can now be achieved without increased toxicity in patients with pancreatic cancer. In this article, we review possible therapeutic applications of curcumin in patients with pancreatic cancer.
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19
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Xia HF, Jin XH, Cao ZF, Shi T, Ma X. MiR-98is involved in rat embryo implantation by targetingBcl-xl. FEBS Lett 2014; 588:574-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2013.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2013] [Revised: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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20
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Niemann CU, Wiestner A. B-cell receptor signaling as a driver of lymphoma development and evolution. Semin Cancer Biol 2013; 23:410-21. [PMID: 24060900 PMCID: PMC4208312 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2013.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Revised: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 09/13/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The B-cell receptor (BCR) is essential for normal B-cell development and maturation. In an increasing number of B-cell malignancies, BCR signaling is implicated as a pivotal pathway in tumorigenesis. Mechanisms of BCR activation are quite diverse and range from chronic antigenic drive by microbial or viral antigens to autostimulation of B-cells by self-antigens to activating mutations in intracellular components of the BCR pathway. Hepatitis C virus infection can lead to the development of splenic marginal zone lymphoma, while Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with the development of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas. In some of these cases, successful treatment of the infection removes the inciting antigen and results in resolution of the lymphoma. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia has been recognized for decades as a malignancy of auto-reactive B-cells and its clinical course is in part determined by the differential response of the malignant cells to BCR activation. In a number of B-cell malignancies, activating mutations in signal transduction components of the BCR pathway have been identified; prominent examples are activated B-cell-like (ABC) diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL) that carry mutations in CD79B and CARD11 and display chronic active BCR signaling resulting in constitutive activation of the NF-κB pathway. Despite considerable heterogeneity in biology and clinical course, many mature B-cell malignancies are highly sensitive to kinase inhibitors that disrupt BCR signaling. Thus, targeted therapy through inhibition of BCR signaling is emerging as a new treatment paradigm for many B-cell malignancies. Here, we review the role of the BCR in the pathogenesis of B-cell malignancies and summarize clinical results of the emerging class of kinase inhibitors that target this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten U Niemann
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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21
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22
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Huang AC, Chang CL, Yu CS, Chen PY, Yang JS, Ji BC, Lin TP, Chiu CF, Yeh SP, Huang YP, Lien JC, Chung JG. Induction of apoptosis by curcumin in murine myelomonocytic leukemia WEHI-3 cells is mediated via endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondria-dependent pathways. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2013; 28:255-266. [PMID: 21793155 DOI: 10.1002/tox.20716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2010] [Revised: 02/14/2011] [Accepted: 02/20/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Curcumin, derived from the food flavoring spice turmeric (Curcuma longa), has been shown to exhibit anticancer activities and induce apoptosis in many types of cancer cell lines. In our previous study, curcumin was able to inhibit murine myelomonocytic leukemia WEHI-3 cells in vivo. However, there is no report addressing the cytotoxic responses and the mechanisms underlying curcumin-induced apoptotic cell death in WEHI-3 cells. Therefore, we hypothesized that that curcumin affected WEHI-3 cells and triggered cell death through apoptotic signaling pathways. The effects of curcumin on WEHI-3 cells were investigated by using flow cytometric analysis, comet assay, confocal laser microscopy and Western blotting. In this study, we found that curcumin induced apoptosis in WEHI-3 cells in a dose-dependent (5-20 μM) manner. Interestingly, curcumin enhanced the level of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 which might show that curcumin-induced apoptosis is done through the ER stress signaling pathways based on the increase of CIEBP homologous protein (CHOP), activating transcription factor 6 (ATF-6), inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1), and caspase-12 in WEHI-3 cells. Moreover, curcumin increased the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and cytosolic Ca²⁺ release, and induced DNA damage, but decreased the level of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm ) in WEHI-3 cells. In conclusion, curcumin-induced apoptosis occurs through the ROS-affected, mitochondria-mediated and ER stress-dependent pathways. The evaluation of curcumin as a potential therapeutic agent for treatment of leukemia seems warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Cheng Huang
- Department of Nursing, ST. Mary's Medicine Nursing and Management College, Yilan 266, Taiwan
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23
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Niemann CU, Jones J, Wiestner A. Towards Targeted Therapy of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2013; 792:259-91. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-8051-8_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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24
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Gupta SC, Patchva S, Koh W, Aggarwal BB. Discovery of curcumin, a component of golden spice, and its miraculous biological activities. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2012; 39:283-99. [PMID: 22118895 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1681.2011.05648.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 501] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
1. Curcumin is the active ingredient of the dietary spice turmeric and has been consumed for medicinal purposes for thousands of years. Modern science has shown that curcumin modulates various signalling molecules, including inflammatory molecules, transcription factors, enzymes, protein kinases, protein reductases, carrier proteins, cell survival proteins, drug resistance proteins, adhesion molecules, growth factors, receptors, cell cycle regulatory proteins, chemokines, DNA, RNA and metal ions. 2. Because of this polyphenol's potential to modulate multiple signalling molecules, it has been reported to possess pleiotropic activities. First demonstrated to have antibacterial activity in 1949, curcumin has since been shown to have anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, pro-apoptotic, chemopreventive, chemotherapeutic, antiproliferative, wound healing, antinociceptive, antiparasitic and antimalarial properties as well. Animal studies have suggested that curcumin may be active against a wide range of human diseases, including diabetes, obesity, neurological and psychiatric disorders and cancer, as well as chronic illnesses affecting the eyes, lungs, liver, kidneys and gastrointestinal and cardiovascular systems. 3. Although many clinical trials evaluating the safety and efficacy of curcumin against human ailments have already been completed, others are still ongoing. Moreover, curcumin is used as a supplement in several countries, including India, Japan, the US, Thailand, China, Korea, Turkey, South Africa, Nepal and Pakistan. Although inexpensive, apparently well tolerated and potentially active, curcumin has not been approved for the treatment of any human disease. 4. In the present article, we discuss the discovery and key biological activities of curcumin, with a particular emphasis on its activities at the molecular and cellular levels, as well as in animals and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subash C Gupta
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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25
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Ip SW, Wu SY, Yu CC, Kuo CL, Yu CS, Yang JS, Lin ZP, Chiou SM, Chung HK, Ho HC, Chung JG. Induction of apoptotic death by curcumin in human tongue squamous cell carcinoma SCC-4 cells is mediated through endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondria-dependent pathways. Cell Biochem Funct 2011; 29:641-50. [DOI: 10.1002/cbf.1800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2011] [Revised: 07/19/2011] [Accepted: 07/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siu-Wan Ip
- Department of Nutrition; China Medical University; Taichung; Taiwan
| | - Shan-Ying Wu
- Department of Nutrition; China Medical University; Taichung; Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chih Yu
- School of Pharmacy; China Medical University; Taichung; Taiwan
| | - Chao-Lin Kuo
- School of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources; China Medical University; Taichung; Taiwan
| | - Chun-Shu Yu
- School of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources; China Medical University; Taichung; Taiwan
| | - Jai-Sing Yang
- Department of Pharmacology; China Medical University; Taichung; Taiwan
| | - Zen-Pin Lin
- Department of Holistic Wellness; Mingdao University; Changhua; Taiwan
| | - Shang-Ming Chiou
- Department of Functional Neurosurgery and Gamma Knife Center; China Medical University Hospital; Taichung; Taiwan
| | | | - Heng-Chien Ho
- Department of Biochemistry; China Medical University; Taichung; Taiwan
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26
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Saini S, Arora S, Majid S, Shahryari V, Chen Y, Deng G, Yamamura S, Ueno K, Dahiya R. Curcumin modulates microRNA-203-mediated regulation of the Src-Akt axis in bladder cancer. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2011; 4:1698-709. [PMID: 21836020 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-11-0267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Bladder cancer is often associated with recurrence and progression to invasive metastatic disease that have palliative therapeutic options. The use of traditional chemotherapeutic agents for bladder cancer management often suffers from toxicity and resistance concerns. This emphasizes the need for development of safer, natural, nontoxic compounds as chemotherapeutic/chemopreventive agents. Curcumin (diferuloylmethane) is a natural compound that has been known to possess anticancer properties in various cancers, including bladder cancer. However, the biological targets of curcumin are not well defined. Recently, it has been proposed that curcumin may mediate epigenetic modulation of expression of microRNAs (miRNA). In this article, we define for the first time, that curcumin directly induces a tumor-suppressive miRNA, miR-203, in bladder cancer. miR-203 is frequently downregulated in bladder cancer due to DNA hypermethylation of its promoter. We studied the functional significance of miR-203 in bladder cancer cell lines and found that miR-203 has tumor suppressive properties. Also, we define Akt2 and Src as novel miR-203 targets in bladder cancer. Curcumin induces hypomethylation of the miR-203 promoter and subsequent upregulation of miR-203 expression. This leads to downregulation of miR-203 target genes Akt2 and Src that culminates in decreased proliferation and increased apoptosis of bladder cancer cells. This is the first report that shows a direct effect of curcumin on inducing epigenetic changes at a miRNA promoter with direct biological consequences. Our study suggests that curcumin may offer a therapeutic advantage in the clinical management of refractory bladder cancer over other standard treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharanjot Saini
- Department of Urology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, University of California, San Francisco, USA
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27
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Kunwar A, Barik A, Sandur SK, Indira Priyadarsini K. Differential antioxidant/pro-oxidant activity of dimethoxycurcumin, a synthetic analogue of curcumin. Free Radic Res 2011; 45:959-65. [DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2011.571681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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28
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Gou M, Men K, Shi H, Xiang M, Zhang J, Song J, Long J, Wan Y, Luo F, Zhao X, Qian Z. Curcumin-loaded biodegradable polymeric micelles for colon cancer therapy in vitro and in vivo. NANOSCALE 2011; 3:1558-67. [PMID: 21283869 DOI: 10.1039/c0nr00758g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 284] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Curcumin is an effective and safe anticancer agent, but its hydrophobicity inhibits its clinical application. Nanotechnology provides an effective method to improve the water solubility of hydrophobic drug. In this work, curcumin was encapsulated into monomethoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(ε-caprolactone) (MPEG-PCL) micelles through a single-step nano-precipitation method, creating curcumin-loaded MPEG-PCL (Cur/MPEG-PCL) micelles. These Cur/MPEG-PCL micelles were monodisperse (PDI = 0.097 ± 0.011) with a mean particle size of 27.3 ± 1.3 nm, good re-solubility after freeze-drying, an encapsulation efficiency of 99.16 ± 1.02%, and drug loading of 12.95 ± 0.15%. Moreover, these micelles were prepared by a simple and reproducible procedure, making them potentially suitable for scale-up. Curcumin was molecularly dispersed in the PCL core of MPEG-PCL micelles, and could be slow-released in vitro. Encapsulation of curcumin in MPEG-PCL micelles improved the t(1/2) and AUC of curcumin in vivo. As well as free curcumin, Cur/MPEG-PCL micelles efficiently inhibited the angiogenesis on transgenic zebrafish model. In an alginate-encapsulated cancer cell assay, intravenous application of Cur/MPEG-PCL micelles more efficiently inhibited the tumor cell-induced angiogenesis in vivo than that of free curcumin. MPEG-PCL micelle-encapsulated curcumin maintained the cytotoxicity of curcumin on C-26 colon carcinoma cells in vitro. Intravenous application of Cur/MPEG-PCL micelle (25 mg kg(-1) curcumin) inhibited the growth of subcutaneous C-26 colon carcinoma in vivo (p < 0.01), and induced a stronger anticancer effect than that of free curcumin (p < 0.05). In conclusion, Cur/MPEG-PCL micelles are an excellent intravenously injectable aqueous formulation of curcumin; this formulation can inhibit the growth of colon carcinoma through inhibiting angiogenesis and directly killing cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- MaLing Gou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
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Goel A, Aggarwal BB. Curcumin, the golden spice from Indian saffron, is a chemosensitizer and radiosensitizer for tumors and chemoprotector and radioprotector for normal organs. Nutr Cancer 2011; 62:919-30. [PMID: 20924967 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2010.509835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 321] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin (diferuloylmethane), the yellow pigment in Indian saffron (Curcuma longa; also called turmeric, haldi, or haridara in the East and curry powder in the West), has been consumed by people for centuries as a dietary component and for a variety of proinflammatory ailments. Extensive research within the last decade in cell culture and in rodents has revealed that curcumin can sensitize tumors to different chemotherapeutic agents including doxorubicin, 5-FU, paclitaxel, vincristine, melphalan, butyrate, cisplatin, celecoxib, vinorelbine, gemcitabine, oxaliplatin, etoposide, sulfinosine, thalidomide, and bortezomib. Chemosensitization has been observed in cancers of the breast, colon, pancreas, gastric, liver, blood, lung, prostate, bladder, cervix, ovary, head and neck, and brain and in multiple myeloma, leukemia, and lymphoma. Similar studies have also revealed that this agent can sensitize a variety of tumors to gamma radiation including glioma, neuroblastoma, cervical carcinoma, epidermal carcinoma, prostate cancer, and colon cancer. How curcumin acts as a chemosensitizer and radiosensitizer has also been studied extensively. For example, it downregulates various growth regulatory pathways and specific genetic targets including genes for NF-κB, STAT3, COX2, Akt, antiapoptotic proteins, growth factor receptors, and multidrug-resistance proteins. Although it acts as a chemosensitizer and radiosensitizer for tumors in some cases, curcumin has also been shown to protect normal organs such as liver, kidney, oral mucosa, and heart from chemotherapy and radiotherapy-induced toxicity. The protective effects of curcumin appear to be mediated through its ability to induce the activation of NRF2 and induce the expression of antioxidant enzymes (e.g., hemeoxygenase-1, glutathione peroxidase, modulatory subunit of gamma-glutamyl-cysteine ligase, and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1, increase glutathione (a product of the modulatory subunit of gamma-glutamyl-cysteine ligase), directly quench free radicals, and inhibit p300 HAT activity. These preclinical studies are expected to lead to clinical trials to prove the potential of this age-old golden spice for treating cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Goel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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Kelkel M, Jacob C, Dicato M, Diederich M. Potential of the dietary antioxidants resveratrol and curcumin in prevention and treatment of hematologic malignancies. Molecules 2010; 15:7035-74. [PMID: 20944521 PMCID: PMC6259231 DOI: 10.3390/molecules15107035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2010] [Revised: 10/02/2010] [Accepted: 10/11/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite considerable improvements in the tolerance and efficacy of novel chemotherapeutic agents, the mortality of hematological malignancies is still high due to therapy relapse, which is associated with bad prognosis. Dietary polyphenolic compounds are of growing interest as an alternative approach, especially in cancer treatment, as they have been proven to be safe and display strong antioxidant properties. Here, we provide evidence that both resveratrol and curcumin possess huge potential for application as both chemopreventive agents and anticancer drugs and might represent promising candidates for future treatment of leukemia. Both polyphenols are currently being tested in clinical trials. We describe the underlying mechanisms, but also focus on possible limitations and how they might be overcome in future clinical use – either by chemically synthesized derivatives or special formulations that improve bioavailability and pharmacokinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mareike Kelkel
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du Cancer, Fondation de Recherche Cancer et Sang, Hôpital Kirchberg, 9 Rue Edward Steichen, 2540 Luxembourg, Luxembourg; E-Mail: (M.K.)
| | - Claus Jacob
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbruecken, Germany; E-Mail:
| | - Mario Dicato
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du Cancer, Fondation de Recherche Cancer et Sang, Hôpital Kirchberg, 9 Rue Edward Steichen, 2540 Luxembourg, Luxembourg; E-Mail: (M.K.)
| | - Marc Diederich
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du Cancer, Fondation de Recherche Cancer et Sang, Hôpital Kirchberg, 9 Rue Edward Steichen, 2540 Luxembourg, Luxembourg; E-Mail: (M.K.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +352-2468-4040; Fax: +352-2468-4060
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Sohn SH, Ko E, Chung HS, Lee EY, Kim SH, Shin M, Hong M, Bae H. The genome-wide expression profile of Curcuma longa-treated cisplatin-stimulated HEK293 cells. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2010; 70:547-56. [PMID: 20840446 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2010.03724.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The rhizome of turmeric, Curcuma longa (CL), is a herbal medicine used in many traditional prescriptions. It has previously been shown that CL treatment showed greater than 47% recovery from cisplatin-induced cell damage in human kidney HEK 293 cells. This study was conducted to evaluate the recovery mechanisms of CL that occur during cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity by examining the genome wide mRNA expression profiles of HEK 293 -cells. METHOD Recovery mechanisms of CL that occur during cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity were determined by microarray, real-time PCR, immunofluorescent confocal microscopy and Western blot analysis. RESULTS The results of microarray analysis and real-time PCR revealed that NFκB pathway-related genes and apoptosis-related genes were down-regulated in CL-treated HEK 293 cells. In addition, immunofluorescent confocal microscopy and Western blot analysis revealed that NFκB p65 nuclear translocation was inhibited in CL-treated HEK 293 cells. Therefore, the mechanism responsible for the effects of CL on HEK 293 cells is closely associated with regulation of the NFκB pathway. CONCLUSION CL possesses novel therapeutic agents that can be used for the prevention or treatment of cisplatin-induced renal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Hwa Sohn
- Department of Physiology, College of Oriental Medicine Department of Oriental Pathology, College of Oriental Medicine, KyungHee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
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Zhang C, Li B, Zhang X, Hazarika P, Aggarwal BB, Duvic M. Curcumin Selectively Induces Apoptosis in Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma Cell Lines and Patients’ PBMCs: Potential Role for STAT-3 and NF-κB Signaling. J Invest Dermatol 2010; 130:2110-9. [DOI: 10.1038/jid.2010.86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Jin X, Qiu L, Zhang D, Zhang M, Wang Z, Guo Z, Deng C, Guo C. Chemosensitization in non-small cell lung cancer cells by IKK inhibitor occurs via NF-kappaB and mitochondrial cytochrome c cascade. J Cell Mol Med 2010; 13:4596-607. [PMID: 19067767 PMCID: PMC4515074 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2008.00601.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we demonstrated with mechanistic evidence that parthenolide, a sesquiterpene lactone, could antagonize paclitaxel-mediated NF-κB nuclear translocation and activation by selectively targeting I-κB kinase (IKK) activity. We also found that parthenolide could target IKK activity and then inhibit NF-κB; this promoted cytochrome c release and activation of caspases 3 and 9. Inhibition of caspase activity blocked the activation of caspase cascade, implying that the observed synergy was related to caspases 3 and 9 activation of parthenolide. In contrast, paclitaxel individually induced apoptosis via a pathway independent of the mitochondrial cytochrome c cascade. Finally, exposure to parthenolide resulted in the inhibition of several NF-κB transcript anti-apoptotic proteins such as c-IAP1 and Bcl-xl. These data strengthen the rationale for using parthenolide to decrease the apoptotic threshold via caspase-dependent processes for treatment of non-small cell lung cancer with paclitaxel chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianqing Jin
- Laboratory of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
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Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) constitute an evolutionarily conserved class of small non-coding RNAs that are endogenously expressed with crucial functions in fundamental cellular processes such as cell cycle, apoptosis and differentiation. Disturbance of miRNA expression and function leads to deregulation of basic cellular processes leading to tumorigenesis. A growing body of experimental evidence suggests that human tumors have deregulated expression of microRNAs, which have been proposed as novel oncogenes or tumor suppressors. Recent studies have shown that microRNA expression patterns serve as phenotypic signatures of different cancers and could be used as diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic tools. A few studies have analyzed global microRNA expression profiles or the functional role of microRNAs in prostate cancer. Here we have reviewed the role of microRNAs in prostate carcinogenesis by summarizing the findings from such studies. In addition, recent evidence indicates that dietary factors play an important role in the process of carcinogenesis through modulation of miRNA expression, though such studies are lacking in regards to prostate cancer. It has been proposed that dietary modulation of miRNA expression may contribute to the cancer-protective effects of dietary components. In this review, we have summarized findings from studies on the effect of dietary agents on miRNA expression and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharanjot Saini
- Department of Urology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of California San Francisco, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA
| | - Shahana Majid
- Department of Urology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of California San Francisco, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA
| | - Rajvir Dahiya
- Department of Urology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of California San Francisco, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA
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Lopez-Guerra M, Colomer D. NF-kappaB as a therapeutic target in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2010; 14:275-88. [PMID: 20148715 DOI: 10.1517/14728221003598930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD NF-kappaB includes a family of transcription factors that play a critical role in the biology of normal lymphocytes and it is aberrantly activated in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells. Here, we review the role of constitutive NF-kappaB activation in CLL pathogenesis and its potential as a therapeutic target for CLL treatment. AREAS COVERED IN THIS REVIEW This review highlights the different strategies reported to inhibit NF-kappaB signaling in CLL cells. They include both IkappaB kinase inhibitors and several natural compounds that act at different steps of the pathway. WHAT THE READER WILL GAIN Targeting NF-kappaB leads to apoptosis of CLL cells, corroborating the role of NF-kappaB in the survival and clonal expansion of these tumoral cells. Moreover, several studies confirmed a synergistic effect between NF-kappaB inhibitors and other antitumoral agents and that inhibition of NF-kappaB could overcome the microenvironmental protection of CLL cells. TAKE HOME MESSAGE NF-kappaB is a relevant target in CLL and inhibitors of this prosurvival pathway, alone or in combination, represent a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of CLL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Lopez-Guerra
- Hematopathology Unit, Hospital Clinic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Villarroel 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
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36
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Pepper C, Hewamana S, Brennan P, Fegan C. NF-kappaB as a prognostic marker and therapeutic target in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Future Oncol 2009; 5:1027-37. [PMID: 19792971 DOI: 10.2217/fon.09.72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is the most common adult leukemia and is currently incurable with conventional chemotherapeutic agents. Over the last few years, significant discoveries have been made regarding the biology that underpins this disease. These new insights have allowed us to develop more rational prognostic tools and identify promising novel therapeutic targets. In this review, we highlight the importance of both constitutive and inducible DNA binding of the transcription factor NF-kappaB in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. We describe the current knowledge regarding the activity and function of specific NF-kappaB subunits in this disease, and discuss the complex mechanisms that regulate NF-kappaB activation in vivo. In addition, we provide compelling evidence for the utility of the NF-kappaB subunit, Rel A, as a prognostic marker and as a therapeutic target in this disease, and we also describe how this protein may contribute to the drug resistance commonly encountered with this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Pepper
- School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK.
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Hayun R, Okun E, Berrebi A, Shvidel L, Bassous L, Sredni B, Nir U. Rapamycin and curcumin induce apoptosis in primary resting B chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells. Leuk Lymphoma 2009; 50:625-32. [DOI: 10.1080/10428190902789181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Buchner M, Fuchs S, Prinz G, Pfeifer D, Bartholomé K, Burger M, Chevalier N, Vallat L, Timmer J, Gribben JG, Jumaa H, Veelken H, Dierks C, Zirlik K. Spleen tyrosine kinase is overexpressed and represents a potential therapeutic target in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Cancer Res 2009; 69:5424-32. [PMID: 19549911 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-08-4252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
B-cell receptor signaling contributes to apoptosis resistance in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), limiting the efficacy of current therapeutic approaches. In this study, we investigated the expression of spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK), a key component of the B-cell receptor signaling pathway, in CLL and its role in apoptosis. Gene expression profiling identified enhanced expression of SYK and downstream pathways in CLL compared with healthy B cells. Immunoblotting showed increased expression and phosphorylation of SYK, PLCgamma(2), signal transducers and activators of transcription 3, and extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2 in CLL compared with healthy B cells, suggesting enhanced activation of these mediators in CLL. SYK inhibitors reduced phosphorylation of SYK downstream targets and induced apoptosis in primary CLL cells. With respect to prognostic factors, SYK inhibitors exerted stronger cytotoxic effects in unmutated and ZAP70(+) cases. Cytotoxic effects of SYK inhibitors also associated with SYK protein expression, potentially predicting response to therapy. Combination of fludarabine with SYK Inhibitor II or R406 increased cytotoxicity compared with fludarabine therapy alone. We observed no stroma-contact-mediated drug resistance for SYK inhibitors as described for fludarabine treatment. CD40 ligation further enhanced efficacy of SYK inhibition. Our data provide mechanistic insight into the recently observed therapeutic effects of the SYK inhibitor R406 in CLL. Combination of SYK inhibitors with fludarabine might be a novel treatment option particularly for CLL patients with poor prognosis and should be further evaluated in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maike Buchner
- University Medical Center Freiburg, Department of Hematology and Oncology, Germany
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Kunwar A, Sandur SK, Krishna M, Priyadarsini KI. Curcumin mediates time and concentration dependent regulation of redox homeostasis leading to cytotoxicity in macrophage cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2009; 611:8-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2009.03.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2008] [Revised: 03/12/2009] [Accepted: 03/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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40
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Ghosh AK, Kay NE, Secreto CR, Shanafelt TD. Curcumin inhibits prosurvival pathways in chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells and may overcome their stromal protection in combination with EGCG. Clin Cancer Res 2009; 15:1250-8. [PMID: 19228728 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-08-1511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is incurable with current chemotherapy treatments. Curcumin (diferuloylmethane), an active ingredient in the spice turmeric, inhibits tumor metastasis, invasion, and angiogenesis in tumor cell lines. We evaluated the effects of curcumin on the viability of primary CLL B cells and its ability to overcome stromal mediated protection. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The in vitro effect of curcumin on primary CLL B cells was evaluated using fluorescence activated cell sorter analysis and Western blotting. For some experiments, CLL B cells were cocultured with human stromal cells to evaluate the effects of curcumin on leukemia cells cultured in their microenvironment. Finally, the effect of curcumin in combination with the green tea extract epigallocatechin-3 gallate (EGCG) was evaluated. RESULTS Curcumin induced apoptosis in CLL B cells in a dose-dependent (5-20 micromol/L) manner and inhibited constitutively active prosurvival pathways, including signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3), AKT, and nuclear factor kappaB. Moreover, curcumin suppressed expression of the anti-apoptotic proteins Mcl-1 and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP), and up-regulated the pro-apoptotic protein BIM. Coculture of CLL B cells with stromal cells resulted in elevated levels of STAT3, increased expression of Mcl-1 and XIAP, and decreased sensitivity to curcumin. When curcumin was administered simultaneously with EGCG, antagonism was observed for most patient samples. In contrast, sequential administration of these agents led to substantial increases in CLL B-cell death and could overcome stromal protection. CONCLUSIONS Curcumin treatment was able to overcome stromal protection of CLL B cells on in vitro testing and to synergize with EGCG when administered in a sequential fashion. Additional evaluation of curcumin as a potential therapeutic agent for treatment of CLL seems warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asish K Ghosh
- Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA
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Angelo LS, Kurzrock R. Turmeric and green tea: a recipe for the treatment of B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Clin Cancer Res 2009; 15:1123-5. [PMID: 19228716 PMCID: PMC2646173 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-08-2791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Two naturally occurring compounds, curcumin, the active ingredient in the spice turmeric, and the green tea extract epigallocatechin-3-gallate, have marked effects on the apoptotic machinery in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. These results provide a preclinical foundation for future clinical use of these compounds in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura S Angelo
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (Phase I Clinical Trials Program), Division of Cancer Medicine, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
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42
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López-Lázaro M. Anticancer and carcinogenic properties of curcumin: considerations for its clinical development as a cancer chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic agent. Mol Nutr Food Res 2008; 52 Suppl 1:S103-27. [PMID: 18496811 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.200700238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A growing body of research suggests that curcumin, the major active constituent of the dietary spice turmeric, has potential for the prevention and therapy of cancer. Preclinical data have shown that curcumin can both inhibit the formation of tumors in animal models of carcinogenesis and act on a variety of molecular targets involved in cancer development. In vitro studies have demonstrated that curcumin is an efficient inducer of apoptosis and some degree of selectivity for cancer cells has been observed. Clinical trials have revealed that curcumin is well tolerated and may produce antitumor effects in people with precancerous lesions or who are at a high risk for developing cancer. This seems to indicate that curcumin is a pharmacologically safe agent that may be used in cancer chemoprevention and therapy. Both in vitro and in vivo studies have shown, however, that curcumin may produce toxic and carcinogenic effects under specific conditions. Curcumin may also alter the effectiveness of radiotherapy and chemotherapy. This review article analyzes the in vitro and in vivo cancer-related activities of curcumin and discusses that they are linked to its known antioxidant and pro-oxidant properties. Several considerations that may help develop curcumin as an anticancer agent are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel López-Lázaro
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Sevilla, Spain.
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Brennan P, Donev R, Hewamana S. Targeting transcription factors for therapeutic benefit. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2008; 4:909-19. [PMID: 18704229 DOI: 10.1039/b801920g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Transcription factors are a large class of biological molecules that are important for health and disease. Despite that there are challenges to targeting them therapeutically and most approaches alter their activity indirectly. Research at the chemical biology interface has led to the development of new ways of targeting transcription factors including blocking transcription factor dimerisation, targeting specific DNA sequences and DNA decoys. This review discusses these issues with a view to inspiring the development of new agents that could be useful for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Brennan
- Medical Biochemistry & Immunology, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK.
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Sun M, Estrov Z, Ji Y, Coombes KR, Harris DH, Kurzrock R. Curcumin (diferuloylmethane) alters the expression profiles of microRNAs in human pancreatic cancer cells. Mol Cancer Ther 2008; 7:464-73. [PMID: 18347134 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-07-2272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 284] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A major challenge in cancer chemotherapy has been developing safe and clinically efficacious chemotherapeutic agents. With its low toxicity profile, curcumin (diferuloylmethane), a naturally occurring flavinoid derived from the rhizome of Curcuma longa, has great promise. In vitro and in vivo preclinical studies have shown its inhibitory anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, and proapoptotic activities. The multiple mechanisms of the antitumor effect of curcumin putatively include down-regulating the expression of gene products such as nuclear factor-kappaB, growth suppression, inducing apoptosis, and modulating various signal transduction pathways and the expression of many oncogenes. The mechanisms underlying the antitumor activity of curcumin have not, however, been completely delineated. METHODS An oligonucleotide microarray chip was developed and used to profile microRNA (miRNA) expressions in pancreatic cells treated with curcumin. Transcripts with regulated expression patterns on the arrays were validated by real-time PCRs. Additionally, potential mRNA targets were analyzed bioinformatically and confirmed with flow cytometry experiments. RESULTS Curcumin alters miRNA expression in human pancreatic cells, up-regulating miRNA-22 and down-regulating miRNA-199a*, as confirmed by TaqMan real-time PCR. Upregulation of miRNA-22 expression by curcumin or by transfection with miRNA-22 mimetics in the PxBC-3 pancreatic cancer cell line suppressed expression of its target genes SP1 transcription factor (SP1) and estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1), while inhibiting miRNA-22 with antisense enhanced SP1 and ESR1 expression. CONCLUSIONS These observations suggest that modulation of miRNA expression may be an important mechanism underlying the biological effects of curcumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Sun
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (Phase I Program), University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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45
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The NF-κB subunit Rel A is associated with in vitro survival and clinical disease progression in chronic lymphocytic leukemia and represents a promising therapeutic target. Blood 2008; 111:4681-9. [DOI: 10.1182/blood-2007-11-125278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
In this study, we characterized nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) subunit DNA binding in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) samples and demonstrated heterogeneity in basal and inducible NF-κB. However, all cases showed higher basal NF-κB than normal B cells. Subunit analysis revealed DNA binding of p50, Rel A, and c-Rel in primary CLL cells, and Rel A DNA binding was associated with in vitro survival (P = .01) with high white cell count (P = .01) and shorter lymphocyte doubling time (P = .01). NF-κB induction after in vitro stimulation with anti-IgM was associated with increased in vitro survival (P < .001) and expression of the signaling molecule ZAP-70 (P = .003). Prompted by these data, we evaluated the novel parthenolide analog, LC-1, in 54 CLL patient samples. LC-1 induced apoptosis in all the samples tested with a mean LD50 of 2.8 μM after 24 hours; normal B and T cells were significantly more resistant to its apoptotic effects (P < .001). Apoptosis was preceded by a marked loss of NF-κB DNA binding and sensitivity to LC-1 correlated with basal Rel A DNA binding (P = .03, r2 = 0.15). Furthermore, Rel A DNA binding was inversely correlated with sensitivity to fludarabine (P = .001, r2 = 0.3), implicating Rel A in fludarabine resistance. Taken together, these data indicate that Rel A represents an excellent therapeutic target for this incurable disease.
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46
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Molecular mechanism of PPAR in the regulation of age-related inflammation. Ageing Res Rev 2008; 7:126-36. [PMID: 18313368 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2008.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2007] [Revised: 01/15/2008] [Accepted: 01/15/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Evidence from many recent studies has linked uncontrolled inflammatory processes to aging and aging-related diseases. Decreased a nuclear receptor subfamily of transcription factors, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) activity is closely associated with increased levels of inflammatory mediators during the aging process. The anti-inflammatory action of PPARs is substantiated by both in vitro and in vivo studies that signify the importance of PPARs as major players in the pathogenesis of many inflammatory diseases. In this review, we highlight the molecular mechanisms and roles of PPARalpha, gamma in regulation of age-related inflammation. By understanding these current findings of PPARs, we open up the possibility of developing new therapeutic agents that modulate these nuclear receptors to control various inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis, vascular diseases, Alzheimer's disease, and cancer.
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López-Lázaro M, Willmore E, Jobson A, Gilroy KL, Curtis H, Padget K, Austin CA. Curcumin induces high levels of topoisomerase I- and II-DNA complexes in K562 leukemia cells. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2007; 70:1884-1888. [PMID: 18076140 DOI: 10.1021/np070332i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Recent data suggest that curcumin, a phytochemical with cancer chemopreventive potential, might be useful in the treatment of several solid and hematological malignancies. DNA topoisomerases (topos) are the target of several drugs commonly used in cancer chemotherapy. These drugs induce topo-DNA complexes with either topo I or topo II; then cellular processing converts these complexes into permanent DNA strand breaks that trigger cell death. Using the TARDIS in vivo assay, this study shows for the first time that curcumin induces topo I and topo II (alpha and beta)-DNA complexes in K562 leukemia cells. A comparative analysis revealed that the levels of these complexes were higher than those induced by several standard topo I and topo II inhibitors at equitoxic doses. Curcumin-induced topo I and topo II-DNA complexes were prevented by the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine; this suggests that, unlike the standard topo inhibitors, reactive oxygen species may mediate the formation of these complexes. Overall, this work shows that curcumin is capable of inducing topo-DNA complexes in cells with both topo I and topo II and increases the evidence suggesting that this dietary agent has potential to be tested in cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel López-Lázaro
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
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