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Aguilar Troyano FJ, Merkens K, Anwar K, Gómez‐Suárez A. Radical-Based Synthesis and Modification of Amino Acids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:1098-1115. [PMID: 32841470 PMCID: PMC7820943 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202010157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Amino acids (AAs) are key structural motifs with widespread applications in organic synthesis, biochemistry, and material sciences. Recently, with the development of milder and more versatile radical-based procedures, the use of strategies relying on radical chemistry for the synthesis and modification of AAs has gained increased attention, as they allow rapid access to libraries of novel unnatural AAs containing a wide range of structural motifs. In this Minireview, we provide a broad overview of the advancements made in this field during the last decade, focusing on methods for the de novo synthesis of α-, β-, and γ-AAs, as well as for the selective derivatisation of canonical and non-canonical α-AAs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kay Merkens
- Organic ChemistryBergische Universität WuppertalGaussstrasse 2042119WuppertalGermany
| | - Khadijah Anwar
- Organic ChemistryBergische Universität WuppertalGaussstrasse 2042119WuppertalGermany
| | - Adrián Gómez‐Suárez
- Organic ChemistryBergische Universität WuppertalGaussstrasse 2042119WuppertalGermany
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Merkens K, Aguilar Troyano FJ, Djossou J, Gómez‐Suárez A. Synthesis of Unnatural α‐Amino Acid Derivatives via Light‐Mediated Radical Decarboxylative Processes. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kay Merkens
- Organic ChemistryBergische Universität Wuppertal Gaußstr. 20 42119 Wuppertal Germany
| | | | - Jonas Djossou
- Organic ChemistryBergische Universität Wuppertal Gaußstr. 20 42119 Wuppertal Germany
| | - Adrián Gómez‐Suárez
- Organic ChemistryBergische Universität Wuppertal Gaußstr. 20 42119 Wuppertal Germany
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Masuo S, Tsuda Y, Namai T, Minakawa H, Shigemoto R, Takaya N. Enzymatic Cascade in Pseudomonas that Produces Pyrazine from α-Amino Acids. Chembiochem 2019; 21:353-359. [PMID: 31322801 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201900448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Pyrazines are widespread chemical compounds that include pheromones and odors. Herein, a novel mechanism used by Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25 to biosynthesize monocyclic pyrazines is reported. Heterologous expression of the papABC genes that synthesize the natural α-amino acid 4-aminophenylalanine (4APhe), together with three adjacent papDEF genes of unknown function, in Escherichia coli resulted in the production of 2,5-dimethyl-3,6-bis(4-aminobenzyl)pyrazine (DMBAP), which comprised two symmetrical aminobenzyl moieties derived from 4APhe. It is found that PapD is a novel amino acid C-acetyltransferase, which decarboxylates and transfers acetyl residues to 4APhe, to generate an α-aminoketone, which spontaneously dehydrates and condenses to give dihydro DMBAP. PapF is a novel oxidase in the amine oxidase superfamily that oxidizes dihydro DMBAP to yield the pyrazine ring of DMBAP. These two enzymes constitute a unique mechanism for synthesizing monocyclic pyrazines and might serve as a novel strategy for the enzymatic synthesis of pyrazine derivatives from natural α-amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Masuo
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan
| | - Yusuke Tsuda
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan
| | - Tomohito Namai
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan
| | - Hajime Minakawa
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Shigemoto
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan
| | - Naoki Takaya
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan
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Calleja P, Ernst M, Hashmi ASK, Schaub T. Ruthenium-Catalyzed Deaminative Hydrogenation of Amino Nitriles: Direct Access to 1,2-Amino Alcohols. Chemistry 2019; 25:9498-9503. [PMID: 30848852 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201900531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A new approach for the efficient and highly selective synthesis of 1,2-amino alcohols by direct reductive hydrolysis of N-formyl-protected α-amino nitriles is reported. The commercially available RuHCl(CO)(PPh3 )3 complex was found to be a suitable catalyst for this operationally simple protocol, in which no stoichiometric amounts of undesired metal waste are generated. The deaminative hydrogenation is performed at 55 bar of H2 , using a 6:1 mixture of 1,4-dioxane/water as solvent. In addition, hydroxymethyl alcohols were prepared from cyanoketones under very similar conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Calleja
- Catalysis Research Laboratory (CaRLa), Im Neuenheimer Feld 584, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Ernst
- Synthesis and Homogeneous Catalysis., BASF SE, Carl-Bosch-Str. 38, 67056, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - A Stephen K Hashmi
- Catalysis Research Laboratory (CaRLa), Im Neuenheimer Feld 584, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Schaub
- Catalysis Research Laboratory (CaRLa), Im Neuenheimer Feld 584, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Synthesis and Homogeneous Catalysis., BASF SE, Carl-Bosch-Str. 38, 67056, Ludwigshafen, Germany
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Xie J, Qiao C, Martínez Belmonte M, Escudero-Adán EC, Kleij AW. Pd-Catalyzed Stereodivergent Allylic Amination of α-Tertiary Allylic Alcohols towards α,β-Unsaturated γ-Amino Acids. CHEMSUSCHEM 2019; 12:3152-3158. [PMID: 30848531 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201900433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Tertiary allylic alcohols were conveniently converted into either (Z)- or (E)-configured α,β-unsaturated γ-amino acids by treatment with secondary amines under Pd catalysis at ambient conditions. The key to control the stereochemical course of these formal allylic aminations was the presence of a suitable diphosphine ligand, with dppp [1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane, L12] providing high yields and selectivities for the (Z) isomers, whereas the bis[(2-diphenylphosphino)phenyl]ether (DPEPhos) derivative L1' allowed for selective formation of the corresponding (E) isomeric products. This ligand-controlled, stereodivergent protocol thus shows promise for the stereoselective preparation of allylic amine products from a common substrate precursor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Xie
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Chang Qiao
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Marta Martínez Belmonte
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Eduardo C Escudero-Adán
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Arjan W Kleij
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
- Catalan Institute for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Pg. Lluis Companys 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain
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Brandhofer T, García Mancheño O. Site-Selective C-H Bond Activation/Functionalization of Alpha-Amino Acids and Peptide-Like Derivatives. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201800896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Brandhofer
- Organic Chemistry Institute; Münster University; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
- Institute for Organic Chemistry; University of Regensburg; Universitätsstraße 31 93053 Regensburg Germany
| | - Olga García Mancheño
- Organic Chemistry Institute; Münster University; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
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Li YJ, Zhang L, Yan N, Meng XH, Zhao YL. Acid/Base-Co-catalyzed Direct Oxidative α-Amination of Cyclic Ketones: Using Molecular Oxygen as the Oxidant. Adv Synth Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201701103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jin Li
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis; Faculty of Chemistry; Northeast Normal University; Changchun 130024 People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis; Faculty of Chemistry; Northeast Normal University; Changchun 130024 People's Republic of China
| | - Na Yan
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis; Faculty of Chemistry; Northeast Normal University; Changchun 130024 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-He Meng
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis; Faculty of Chemistry; Northeast Normal University; Changchun 130024 People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Long Zhao
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis; Faculty of Chemistry; Northeast Normal University; Changchun 130024 People's Republic of China
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Ganesh Kumar M, Thombare VJ, Katariya MM, Veeresh K, Raja KMP, Gopi HN. Non-classical Helices withcisCarbon-Carbon Double Bonds in the Backbone: Structural Features of α,γ-Hybrid Peptide Foldamers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:7847-51. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201602861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mothukuri Ganesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan Pune- 411008 India
| | - Varsha J. Thombare
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan Pune- 411008 India
| | - Mona M. Katariya
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan Pune- 411008 India
| | - Kuruva Veeresh
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan Pune- 411008 India
| | - K. Muruga Poopathi Raja
- Department of Physical Chemistry; School of Chemistry; Madurai Kamaraj University; Madurai- 625 021 India
| | - Hosahudya N. Gopi
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan Pune- 411008 India
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Ganesh Kumar M, Thombare VJ, Katariya MM, Veeresh K, Raja KMP, Gopi HN. Non-classical Helices withcisCarbon-Carbon Double Bonds in the Backbone: Structural Features of α,γ-Hybrid Peptide Foldamers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201602861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mothukuri Ganesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan Pune- 411008 India
| | - Varsha J. Thombare
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan Pune- 411008 India
| | - Mona M. Katariya
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan Pune- 411008 India
| | - Kuruva Veeresh
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan Pune- 411008 India
| | - K. Muruga Poopathi Raja
- Department of Physical Chemistry; School of Chemistry; Madurai Kamaraj University; Madurai- 625 021 India
| | - Hosahudya N. Gopi
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan Pune- 411008 India
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Xia AJ, Kang TR, He L, Chen LM, Li WT, Yang JL, Liu QZ. Metal-Free Ring-Expansion Reaction of Six-membered Sulfonylimines with Diazomethanes: An Approach toward Seven-Membered Enesulfonamides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 55:1441-4. [PMID: 26663740 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201508804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2015] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- An-Jie Xia
- Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province/College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Repair Material of Sichuan Province; China West Normal University; Nanchong 637009 China
| | - Tai-Ran Kang
- Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province/College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Repair Material of Sichuan Province; China West Normal University; Nanchong 637009 China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital; Sichuan University; Chengdu P.R. China
| | - Long He
- Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province/College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Repair Material of Sichuan Province; China West Normal University; Nanchong 637009 China
| | - Lian-Mei Chen
- Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province/College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Repair Material of Sichuan Province; China West Normal University; Nanchong 637009 China
| | - Wen-Ting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital; Sichuan University; Chengdu P.R. China
| | - Jin-Liang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital; Sichuan University; Chengdu P.R. China
| | - Quan-Zhong Liu
- Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province/College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Repair Material of Sichuan Province; China West Normal University; Nanchong 637009 China
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12
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Xia AJ, Kang TR, He L, Chen LM, Li WT, Yang JL, Liu QZ. Metal-Free Ring-Expansion Reaction of Six-membered Sulfonylimines with Diazomethanes: An Approach toward Seven-Membered Enesulfonamides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201508804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- An-Jie Xia
- Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province/College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Repair Material of Sichuan Province; China West Normal University; Nanchong 637009 China
| | - Tai-Ran Kang
- Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province/College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Repair Material of Sichuan Province; China West Normal University; Nanchong 637009 China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital; Sichuan University; Chengdu P.R. China
| | - Long He
- Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province/College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Repair Material of Sichuan Province; China West Normal University; Nanchong 637009 China
| | - Lian-Mei Chen
- Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province/College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Repair Material of Sichuan Province; China West Normal University; Nanchong 637009 China
| | - Wen-Ting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital; Sichuan University; Chengdu P.R. China
| | - Jin-Liang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital; Sichuan University; Chengdu P.R. China
| | - Quan-Zhong Liu
- Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province/College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Repair Material of Sichuan Province; China West Normal University; Nanchong 637009 China
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14
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Pandey G, Gaikwad AL, Gadre SR. Dimethyl [(2R,3R,5S)-5-phenylmorpholine-2,3-diyl]diacetate as a Designer Substrate in the Syntheses of Important Heterocyclic Scaffolds. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201200033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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15
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Seashore-Ludlow B, Villo P, Somfai P. Enantioselective Synthesis ofanti-β-Hydroxy-α-Amido Esters by Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation in Emulsions. Chemistry 2012; 18:7219-23. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201103739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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16
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Chen GY, Huang H, Ye JL, Wang AE, Huang HY, Zhang HK, Huang PQ. Enantioselective Syntheses of Rigidiusculamides A and B: Revision of the Relative Stereochemistry of Rigidiusculamide A. Chem Asian J 2012; 7:504-18. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201100809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Yoshinari T, Gessier F, Noti C, Beck AK, Seebach D. Stereoselective Preparation of 3-Amino-2-fluoro Carboxylic Acid Derivatives, and Their Incorporation in Tetrahydropyrimidin-4(1H)-ones, and in Open-Chain and Cyclic β-Peptides. Helv Chim Acta 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201100340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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18
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Sun T, Hou G, Ma M, Zhang X. New Synthetic Strategy for High-Enantiopurity N-Protected α-Amino Ketones and their Derivatives by Asymmetric Hydrogenation. Adv Synth Catal 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201000680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Abstract
The Diels-Alder reaction has both enabled and shaped the art and science of total synthesis over the last few decades to an extent which, arguably, has yet to be eclipsed by any other transformation in the current synthetic repertoire. With myriad applications of this magnificent pericyclic reaction, often as a crucial element in elegant and programmed cascade sequences facilitating complex molecule construction, the Diels-Alder cycloaddition has afforded numerous and unparalleled solutions to a diverse range of synthetic puzzles provided by nature in the form of natural products. In celebration of the 100th anniversary of Alder's birth, selected examples of the awesome power of the reaction he helped to discover are discussed in this review in the context of total synthesis to illustrate its overall versatility and underscore its vast potential which has yet to be fully realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Nicolaou
- Department of Chemistry, The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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Haebich D, Hillisch A, El Sheikh S. A practical total synthesis of the microbial alkaline proteinase inhibitor (MAPI). ChemMedChem 2009; 4:2054-9. [PMID: 19816894 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.200900346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Diverse serine and cysteine proteases as well as alkaline proteinases and elastases play a crucial role in numerous biological processes. Natural peptide aldehydes such as the "microbial alkaline proteinase inhibitor" (MAPI, 1) are valuable tools to characterize novel enzymes and to study their function in nature. Within a drug discovery program we wanted to design and explore non-natural MAPI congeners with novel biological profiles. To that end we devised a simple, practical, and scalable synthesis of MAPI 1 from readily available amino acid building blocks. The modular nature of our approach allows convenient structural modification of the MAPI backbone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieter Haebich
- Bayer Schering Pharma AG, Medicinal Chemistry, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany.
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Schmidt F, Keller F, Vedrenne E, Aggarwal VK. Stereocontrolled synthesis of beta-amino alcohols from lithiated aziridines and boronic esters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:1149-52. [PMID: 19115354 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200805272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frank Schmidt
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
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Liebeskind L, Yang H, Li H. A Copper‐Catalyzed, pH‐Neutral Construction of High‐Enantiopurity Peptidyl Ketones from PeptidicS‐Acylthiosalicylamides in Air at Room Temperature. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200804524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lanny S. Liebeskind
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322 (USA), Fax: (+1) 404‐727‐6604
| | - Hao Yang
- Abbott Laboratories, GPRD, Process R&D, R450‐NCR13‐323A, 1401 Sheridan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064 (USA)
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322 (USA), Fax: (+1) 404‐727‐6604
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23
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Schmidt F, Keller F, Vedrenne E, Aggarwal V. Stereocontrolled Synthesis of β-Amino Alcohols from Lithiated Aziridines and Boronic Esters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200805272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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24
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Bähn S, Tillack A, Imm S, Mevius K, Michalik D, Hollmann D, Neubert L, Beller M. Ruthenium-catalyzed selective monoamination of vicinal diols. CHEMSUSCHEM 2009; 2:551-557. [PMID: 19396884 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.200900034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The monoamination of vicinal diols in the presence of in situ generated ruthenium catalysts has been investigated. Among the various phosphines tested in combination with [Ru(3)(CO)(12)], N-phenyl-2-(dicyclohexyl-phosphanyl)pyrrole showed the best performance. After optimization of the reaction conditions this system was applied to different secondary amines and anilines as well as a number of vicinal diols. With the exception of ethylene glycol, monoamination of the vicinal diols occurred selectively and the corresponding amino alcohols were obtained in good yields, producing water as the only side product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Bähn
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. an der Universität Rostock, Germany
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Liebeskind LS, Yang H, Li H. A copper-catalyzed, pH-neutral construction of high-enantiopurity peptidyl ketones from peptidic s-acylthiosalicylamides in air at room temperature. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:1417-21. [PMID: 19145620 PMCID: PMC2790066 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200804524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A copper-catalyzed transformation of peptidic thiol esters and boronic acids gives peptidyl ketones and takes place in DMF or DMF/H(2)O at room temperature in air (see scheme). This aerobic reaction only occurs at a thiol ester group capable of coordinating to Cu through its appendage on the sulfur center and is not hampered by racemization of the reactants or products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanny S Liebeskind
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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Hili R, Yudin AK. Amphoteric amino aldehydes enable rapid assembly of unprotected amino alcohols. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:4188-91. [PMID: 18435515 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200705776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Hili
- Davenport Research Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S3H6, Canada
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27
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Hili R, Yudin A. Amphoteric Amino Aldehydes Enable Rapid Assembly of Unprotected Amino Alcohols. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200705776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Yudin AK, Hili R. Overcoming the Demons of Protecting Groups with Amphoteric Molecules. Chemistry 2007; 13:6538-42. [PMID: 17623282 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200700710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic organic chemists have long depended on protecting group manipulations when faced with the challenges of chemoselectivity and functional group incompatibility. Overcoming this dependence will improve the overall efficiency of chemical synthesis. By taking advantage of orthogonally reactive functional groups, amphoteric molecules can afford access not only to more efficient and strategic syntheses but also to the development of novel chemical transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei K Yudin
- Davenport Research Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto ON, M5S3H6, Canada.
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29
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Barrow JC, Rittle KE, Ngo PL, Selnick HG, Graham SL, Pitzenberger SM, McGaughey GB, Colussi D, Lai MT, Huang Q, Tugusheva K, Espeseth AS, Simon AJ, Munshi SK, Vacca JP. Design and Synthesis of 2,3,5-Substituted Imidazolidin-4-one Inhibitors of BACE-1. ChemMedChem 2007; 2:995-9. [PMID: 17458843 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.200700038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James C Barrow
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, P.O Box 4, WP14-1, West Point, PA 19486, USA.
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Schiffers I, Rantanen T, Schmidt F, Bergmans W, Zani L, Bolm C. Resolution of Racemic 2-Aminocyclohexanol Derivatives and Their Application as Ligands in Asymmetric Catalysis. J Org Chem 2006; 71:2320-31. [PMID: 16526780 DOI: 10.1021/jo052433w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A preparatively easy and efficient protocol for the resolution of racemic 2-aminocyclohexanol derivatives is described, delivering both enantiomers with >99% enantiomeric excess (ee) by sequential use of (R)- and (S)-mandelic acid. A simple aqueous workup procedure permits the isolation of the amino alcohols in analytically pure form and the almost quantitative recovery of mandelic acid. Debenzylation of enantiopure trans-2-(N-benzyl)amino-1-cyclohexanol by hydrogenation and subsequent derivatization give access to a broad variety of diversely substituted derivatives. Furthermore, the corresponding cis isomers are readily available. Applications of these optically active aminocyclohexanols in catalyzed asymmetric phenyl transfer reactions to benzaldehydes and transfer hydrogenations of aryl ketones lead to products with up to 96% ee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingo Schiffers
- Institut für Organische Chemie der RWTH Aachen, Landoltweg 1, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
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31
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Sello G, Orsini F, Bernasconi S, Gennaro PD. Synthesis of enantiopure 2-amino-1-phenyl and 2-amino-2-phenyl ethanols using enantioselective enzymatic epoxidation and regio- and diastereoselective chemical aminolysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2006.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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32
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Reetz MT, Griebenow N. Synthesis and Stereoselective CC Bond-forming Reactions of Peptide Aldehydes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/jlac.199619960308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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33
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Enders D, Reinhold U. Diastereo- and Enantioselective Synthesis of 1,2-Amino Alcohols and Protected α-Hydroxy Aldehydes from Glycol Aldehyde Hydrazones. European J Org Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/jlac.199619960104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Torssell S, Kienle M, Somfai P. 1,3-Dipolar Cycloadditions of Carbonyl Ylides to Aldimines: A Three-Component Approach tosyn-α-Hydroxy-β-amino Esters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200500296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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36
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Torssell S, Kienle M, Somfai P. 1,3-Dipolar Cycloadditions of Carbonyl Ylides to Aldimines: A Three-Component Approach tosyn-α-Hydroxy-β-amino Esters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2005; 44:3096-9. [PMID: 15828035 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200500296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Staffan Torssell
- Organic Chemistry, KTH Chemistry, Royal Institute of Technology, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden
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37
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38
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Misumi Y, Matsumoto K. Diastereoselective asymmetric nitro-aldol reaction of alpha-amino aldehydes under high pressure without catalyst. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2002; 41:1031-3. [PMID: 12491303 DOI: 10.1002/1521-3773(20020315)41:6<1031::aid-anie1031>3.0.co;2-k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yukihiro Misumi
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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39
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Misumi Y, Matsumoto K. Diastereoselective Asymmetric Nitro-Aldol Reaction ofα-Amino Aldehydes under High Pressure without Catalyst. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2002. [DOI: 10.1002/1521-3757(20020315)114:6<1073::aid-ange1073>3.0.co;2-j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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40
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Nicolaou KC, Huang X, Snyder SA, Bheema Rao P, Bella M, Reddy MV. A Novel Regio- and Stereoselective Synthesis of Sulfamidates from 1,2-Diols Using Burgess and Related Reagents: A Facile Entry intoβ-Amino Alcohols. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2002. [DOI: 10.1002/1521-3757(20020301)114:5<862::aid-ange862>3.0.co;2-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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41
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Basu A, Thayumanavan S. Konfigurative Stabilität und Stereoinformationstransfer in Reaktionen Enantiomeren-angereicherter Organolithium-Reagentien. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2002. [DOI: 10.1002/1521-3757(20020301)114:5<740::aid-ange740>3.0.co;2-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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42
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Voges R. From chiral bromo[13,14Cn]acetyl sultams to complex molecules singly/multiply labelled with isotopic carbon. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2002. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Ammazzalorso A, Amoroso R, Bettoni G, Filippis B. Synthesis of diastereomerically enriched 2-bromoesters and their reaction with nucleophiles. Chirality 2001; 13:102-8. [PMID: 11170253 DOI: 10.1002/1520-636x(2001)13:2<102::aid-chir1005>3.0.co;2-e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
2-Bromoesters enriched in the (S,R)-diastereoisomer can be easily prepared by coupling of racemic 2-bromoacids with (R)-pantolactone. Displacement of the bromine atom with nucleophiles, under suitable reaction conditions, occurs without epimerization of starting compounds, giving (R,R)-2-substituted carboxylic acid derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ammazzalorso
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università "G. D'Annunzio," Chieti, Italy
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44
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Kurihara T, Harusawa S, Ijichi I, Araki L. Stereoselective Synthesis of 4(5)-[(2S,3S)- and (2R,3R)-3-Aminotetrahydrofuran-2-yl)imidazoles Using Modified and Standard Mitsunobu Cyclizations: Synthetic Studies toward Novel Histamine H3-Ligands. HETEROCYCLES 2000. [DOI: 10.3987/com-00-9052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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45
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de Santis M, Fioravanti S, Pellacani L, Tardella PA. Optically Pure 3,6-Dioxazocan-2-one Derivatives by Intramolecular Cycloaddition of Azidoformates and their Opening to Substituted α-Amino Ketones. European J Org Chem 1999. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-0690(199911)1999:11<2709::aid-ejoc2709>3.0.co;2-h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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46
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Barluenga J, Rodríguez F, Fañanás FJ, Rubio E. Regio- und diastereoselektive Bildung von Aldolprodukten durch Dreikomponentenkupplungen ausgehend von Difluorboroxy-Fischer-Carben-Molybdän-Komplexen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1999. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1521-3757(19991018)111:20<3272::aid-ange3272>3.0.co;2-f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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47
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Corey EJ, Zhang FY. re- undsi-Seiten-selektive Nitroaldolreaktionen, katalysiert durch ein starres, chirales, quartäres Ammoniumsalz – hochstereoselektive Synthese des HIV-Protease-Inhibitors Amprenavir (Vertex 478). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1999. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1521-3757(19990712)111:13/14<2057::aid-ange2057>3.0.co;2-n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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48
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Steurer S, Podlech J. Aminoalkyl-Substituted α-Methylene-γ-butyrolactones from α-Amino Acids Using an Indium-Mediated Barbier Allyl Addition. European J Org Chem 1999. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-0690(199907)1999:7<1551::aid-ejoc1551>3.0.co;2-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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