1
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Pompetti N, Smyser KE, Feingold B, Owens R, Lama B, Sharma S, Damrauer NH, Johnson JC. Tetracene Diacid Aggregates for Directing Energy Flow toward Triplet Pairs. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146. [PMID: 38606884 PMCID: PMC11046478 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c02058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
A comprehensive investigation of the solution-phase photophysics of tetracene bis-carboxylic acid [5,12-tetracenepropiolic acid (Tc-DA)] and its related methyl ester [5,12-tetracenepropynoate (Tc-DE)], a non-hydrogen-bonding counterpart, reveals the role of the carboxylic acid moiety in driving molecular aggregation and concomitant excited-state behavior. Low-concentration solutions of Tc-DA exhibit similar properties to the popular 5,12-bis((triisopropylsilyl)ethynl)tetracene, but as the concentration increases, evidence for aggregates that form excimers and a new mixed-state species with charge-transfer (CT) and correlated triplet pair (TT) character is revealed by transient absorption and fluorescence experiments. Aggregates of Tc-DA evolve further with concentration toward an additional phase that is dominated by the mixed CT/TT state which is the only state present in Tc-DE aggregates and can be modulated with the solvent polarity. Computational modeling finds that cofacial arrangement of Tc-DA and Tc-DE subunits is the most stable aggregate structure and this agrees with results from 1H NMR spectroscopy. The calculated spectra of these cofacial dimers replicate the observed broadening in ground-state absorption as well as accurately predict the formation of a near-UV transition associated with a CT between molecular subunits that is unique to the specific aggregate structure. Taken together, the results suggest that the hydrogen bonding between Tc-DA molecules and the associated disruption of hydrogen bonding with solvent produce a regime of dimer-like behavior, absent in Tc-DE, that favors excimers rather than CT/TT mixed states. The control of aggregate size and structure using distinct functional groups, solute concentration, and solvent in tetracene promises new avenues for its use in light-harvesting schemes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas
F. Pompetti
- National
Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Pkwy, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
- University
of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Kori E. Smyser
- University
of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80401, United States
| | | | - Raythe Owens
- University
of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Bimala Lama
- University
of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Sandeep Sharma
- University
of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Niels H. Damrauer
- University
of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80401, United States
- Renewable
and Sustainable Energy Institute, University
of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Justin C. Johnson
- National
Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Pkwy, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
- Renewable
and Sustainable Energy Institute, University
of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80401, United States
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2
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Huang W, Feng S, Liu J, Liang B, Zhou Y, Yu M, Liang J, Huang J, Lü X, Huang W. Configuration-Induced Multichromism of Phenanthridine Derivatives: A Type of Versatile Fluorescent Probe for Microenvironmental Monitoring. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202219337. [PMID: 36602266 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202219337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent probes are attractive in diagnosis and sensing. However, most reported fluorophores can only detect one or few analytes/parameters, notably limiting their applications. Here we have designed three phenanthridine-based fluorophores (i.e., B1, F1, and T1 with 1D, 2D, and 3D molecular configuration, respectively) capable of monitoring various microenvironments. In rigidifying media, all fluorophores show bathochromic emissions but with different wavelength and intensity changes. Under compression, F1 shows a bathochromic emission of over 163 nm, which results in organic fluorophore-based full-color piezochromism. Moreover, both B1 and F1 exhibit an aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) behavior, while T1 is an aggregation-induced emission (AIE) fluorophore. Further, F1 and T1 selectively concentrate in cell nucleus, whereas B1 mainly stains the cytoplasm in live cell imaging. This work provides a general design strategy of versatile fluorophores for microenvironmental monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao West Road, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
| | - Shiyu Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao West Road, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China.,Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao West Road, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
| | - Baoshuai Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao West Road, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Ya Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Mengya Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Jiayuan Liang
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
| | - Jiaguo Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Xujie Lü
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
| | - Weiguo Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao West Road, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China.,Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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3
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Ejlli B, Nußbaum P, Rominger F, Freudenberg J, Bunz UHF, Müllen K. Benzo‐fused Tri[8]annulenes as Molecular Models of Cubic Graphite. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202106233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Ejlli
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
- InnovationLab Speyerer Str. 4 69115 Heidelberg Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Pascal Nußbaum
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Jan Freudenberg
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
- InnovationLab Speyerer Str. 4 69115 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Uwe H. F. Bunz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
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4
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Ejlli B, Nußbaum P, Rominger F, Freudenberg J, Bunz UHF, Müllen K. Benzo-fused Tri[8]annulenes as Molecular Models of Cubic Graphite. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:20220-20224. [PMID: 34156743 PMCID: PMC8457115 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202106233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cyclotrimerization of 9,10‐dibromo‐9,10‐dihydrodibenzo[3,4:7,8]cycloocta[1,2‐l]phenanthrene with potassium tert‐butoxide in the presence of a transition‐metal catalyst afforded two polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon stereoisomers consisting of three cyclooctatetraene (COT) moieties connected via a central benzene ring. Both isomeric tri[8]annulenes were obtained selectively through the choice of the catalyst: The α,α,α‐form (Ru catalyst) displayed a threefold symmetrywith the COT subunits forming the side walls of a (chiral) molecular cup. In the thermodynamically more stable α,α,β‐isomer (Pd catalyst), one of the three boat‐shaped COTs was flipped over and faced the opposite molecular hemisphere with respect to the central benzene ring as evidenced by crystal structure analysis. Both title compounds are small segments of “cubic graphite”, an elusive carbon allotrope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Ejlli
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,InnovationLab, Speyerer Str. 4, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Pascal Nußbaum
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan Freudenberg
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,InnovationLab, Speyerer Str. 4, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Uwe H F Bunz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
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5
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Kroeger AA, Karton A. π-π Catalysis in Carbon Flatland-Flipping [8]Annulene on Graphene. Chemistry 2021; 27:3420-3426. [PMID: 33295080 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Noncovalent interactions are an integral part of the modern catalysis toolbox. Although stronger noncovalent interactions such as hydrogen bonding are commonly the main driving force of catalysis, π-π interactions typically provide smaller additional stabilizations, for example, to afford selectivity enhancements. Here, it is shown computationally that pristine graphene flakes may efficiently catalyze the skeletal inversions of various benzannulated cyclooctatetraene derivatives, providing an example of a catalytic process driven solely by π-π stacking interactions. Hereby, the catalytic effect results from disproportionate shape complementarity between catalyst and transition structure compared with catalyst and reactant. An energy decomposition analysis reveals electrostatic and, especially with increasing system size, to a larger extent, dispersion interactions as the origin of stabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asja A Kroeger
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Amir Karton
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
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6
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Zhu C, Shoyama K, Würthner F. Conformation and Aromaticity Switching in a Curved Non-Alternant sp 2 Carbon Scaffold. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:21505-21509. [PMID: 32815658 PMCID: PMC7756343 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202010077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A curved sp2 carbon scaffold containing fused pentagon and heptagon units (1) was synthesized by Pd-catalyzed [5+2] annulation from a 3,9-diboraperylene precursor and shows two reversible oxidation processes at low redox potential, accompanied by a butterfly-like motion. Stepwise oxidation produced radical cation 1.+ and dication 12+ . In the crystal structure, 1 exhibits a chiral cisoid conformation and partial π-overlap between the enantiomers. For the radical cation 1.+ , a less curved cisoid conformation is observed with a π-dimer-type arrangement. 12+ adopts a more planar structure with transoid conformation and slip-stacked π-overlap with closest neighbors. We also observed an intermolecular mixed-valence complex of 1⋅(1.+ )3 that has a huge trigonal unit cell [(1)72 (SbF6 )54 ⋅(hexane)101 ] and hexagonal columnar stacks. In addition to the conformational change, the aromaticity of 1 changes from localized to delocalized, as demonstrated by AICD and NICS(1)zz calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongwei Zhu
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC)Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Kazutaka Shoyama
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC)Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Frank Würthner
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC)Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
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7
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Zhu C, Shoyama K, Würthner F. Conformation and Aromaticity Switching in a Curved Non‐Alternant sp
2
Carbon Scaffold. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202010077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chongwei Zhu
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC) Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Kazutaka Shoyama
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC) Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Frank Würthner
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC) Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
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8
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Kimura R, Kuramochi H, Liu P, Yamakado T, Osuka A, Tahara T, Saito S. Flapping Peryleneimide as a Fluorogenic Dye with High Photostability and Strong Visible-Light Absorption. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:16430-16435. [PMID: 32529765 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202006198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Flapping fluorophores (FLAP) with a flexible 8π ring are rapidly gaining attention as a versatile photofunctional system. Here we report a highly photostable "flapping peryleneimide" with an unprecedented fluorogenic mechanism based on a bent-to-planar conformational change in the S1 excited state. The S1 planarization induces an electronic configurational switch, almost quenching the inherent fluorescence (FL) of the peryleneimide moieties. However, the FL quantum yield is remarkably improved with a prolonged lifetime upon a slight environmental change. This fluorogenic function is realized by sensitive π-conjugation design, as a more π-expanded analogue does not show the planarization dynamics. With strong visible-light absorption, the FL lifetime response synchronized with the flexible flapping motion is useful for the latest optical techniques such as FL lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Kimura
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Hikaru Kuramochi
- Molecular Spectroscopy Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, 351-0198, Japan.,Ultrafast Spectroscopy Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, 351-0198, Japan.,PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Pengpeng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Takuya Yamakado
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Osuka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Tahei Tahara
- Molecular Spectroscopy Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, 351-0198, Japan.,Ultrafast Spectroscopy Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Shohei Saito
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan.,PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan
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9
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Kimura R, Kuramochi H, Liu P, Yamakado T, Osuka A, Tahara T, Saito S. Flapping Peryleneimide as a Fluorogenic Dye with High Photostability and Strong Visible‐Light Absorption. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202006198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Kimura
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Kyoto University Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Hikaru Kuramochi
- Molecular Spectroscopy Laboratory RIKEN 2-1 Hirosawa Wako 351-0198 Japan
- Ultrafast Spectroscopy Research Team RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics 2-1 Hirosawa Wako 351-0198 Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) Kawaguchi Saitama Japan
| | - Pengpeng Liu
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Kyoto University Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Takuya Yamakado
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Kyoto University Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Osuka
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Kyoto University Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Tahei Tahara
- Molecular Spectroscopy Laboratory RIKEN 2-1 Hirosawa Wako 351-0198 Japan
- Ultrafast Spectroscopy Research Team RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics 2-1 Hirosawa Wako 351-0198 Japan
| | - Shohei Saito
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Kyoto University Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) Kawaguchi Saitama Japan
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10
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Mora‐Fuentes JP, Papadopoulos I, Thiel D, Álvarez‐Boto R, Cortizo‐Lacalle D, Clark T, Melle‐Franco M, Guldi DM, Mateo‐Alonso A. Singlet Fission in Pyrene‐Fused Azaacene Dimers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201911529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan P. Mora‐Fuentes
- POLYMAT University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU Avenida de Tolosa 72 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian Spain
| | - Ilias Papadopoulos
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstr. 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Dominik Thiel
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstr. 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Roberto Álvarez‐Boto
- CICECO—Aveiro Institute of Materials Department of Chemistry University of Aveiro 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
| | - Diego Cortizo‐Lacalle
- POLYMAT University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU Avenida de Tolosa 72 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian Spain
| | - Timothy Clark
- Computer-Chemistry Centre Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Naegelsbachstr. 25 91052 Erlangen Germany
| | - Manuel Melle‐Franco
- CICECO—Aveiro Institute of Materials Department of Chemistry University of Aveiro 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
| | - Dirk M. Guldi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstr. 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Aurelio Mateo‐Alonso
- POLYMAT University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU Avenida de Tolosa 72 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian Spain
- Ikerbasque Basque Foundation for Science Bilbao Spain
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11
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Mora‐Fuentes JP, Papadopoulos I, Thiel D, Álvarez‐Boto R, Cortizo‐Lacalle D, Clark T, Melle‐Franco M, Guldi DM, Mateo‐Alonso A. Singlet Fission in Pyrene-Fused Azaacene Dimers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:1113-1117. [PMID: 31647593 PMCID: PMC7687256 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201911529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Singlet fission has emerged as a promising strategy to avoid the loss of extra energy through thermalization in solar cells. A family of dimers consisting of nitrogen-doped pyrene-fused acenes that undergo singlet fission with triplet quantum yields as high as 125 % are presented. They provide new perspectives for nitrogenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and for the design of new materials for singlet fission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan P. Mora‐Fuentes
- POLYMATUniversity of the Basque Country UPV/EHUAvenida de Tolosa 7220018Donostia-San SebastianSpain
| | - Ilias Papadopoulos
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular MaterialsFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergEgerlandstr. 391058ErlangenGermany
| | - Dominik Thiel
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular MaterialsFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergEgerlandstr. 391058ErlangenGermany
| | - Roberto Álvarez‐Boto
- CICECO—Aveiro Institute of MaterialsDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Aveiro3810-193AveiroPortugal
| | - Diego Cortizo‐Lacalle
- POLYMATUniversity of the Basque Country UPV/EHUAvenida de Tolosa 7220018Donostia-San SebastianSpain
| | - Timothy Clark
- Computer-Chemistry CentreDepartment of Chemistry and PharmacyFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergNaegelsbachstr. 2591052ErlangenGermany
| | - Manuel Melle‐Franco
- CICECO—Aveiro Institute of MaterialsDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Aveiro3810-193AveiroPortugal
| | - Dirk M. Guldi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular MaterialsFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergEgerlandstr. 391058ErlangenGermany
| | - Aurelio Mateo‐Alonso
- POLYMATUniversity of the Basque Country UPV/EHUAvenida de Tolosa 7220018Donostia-San SebastianSpain
- IkerbasqueBasque Foundation for ScienceBilbaoSpain
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12
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Takahashi S, Watanabe K, Matsumoto Y. Singlet fission of amorphous rubrene modulated by polariton formation. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:074703. [PMID: 31438713 DOI: 10.1063/1.5108698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The excited-state dynamics of molecular aggregates are governed by their potential energy landscape that can hardly be controlled artificially. However, it is possible to alter the excited state dynamics by a strong coupling between light and molecules (polariton formation) because it can decouple the electronic and vibrational degrees of freedom. Here, we demonstrate this polaron decoupling effect on the photochemical dynamics in singlet fission (SF) of amorphous rubrene thin films embedded in optical microcavities. The vibronic feature of polariton states in this system is characterized through the analysis of steady state absorption spectra by using the Holstein-Tavis-Cummings model. On the basis of this analysis, we show with time-resolved spectroscopy that the SF rate following a resonant excitation of the lowest energy polariton state is indeed modulated when the cavity photon energy is changed. A numerical simulation by using Fermi's golden rule formula with the vibronic polariton feature successfully accounts for the observed modulation of the SF rate, indicating that the polaron decoupling plays a decisive role in the nonadiabatic dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shota Takahashi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Kazuya Watanabe
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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13
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Takeda Y, Mizuno H, Okada Y, Okazaki M, Minakata S, Penfold T, Fukuhara G. Hydrostatic Pressure‐Controlled Ratiometric Luminescence Responses of a Dibenzo[
a,j
]phenazine‐Cored Mechanoluminophore. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.201900190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Youhei Takeda
- Department of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University Yamadaoka 2-1, Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Hiroaki Mizuno
- Department of Chemistry Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8511 Japan
| | - Yusuke Okada
- Department of Chemistry Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8511 Japan
| | - Masato Okazaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University Yamadaoka 2-1, Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Satoshi Minakata
- Department of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University Yamadaoka 2-1, Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Thomas Penfold
- Chemistry School of Natural and Environmental Sciences Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU United Kingdom
| | - Gaku Fukuhara
- Department of Chemistry Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8511 Japan
- JST, PRESTO 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi Saitama 332-0012 Japan
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14
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Nakanishi W, Saito S, Sakamoto N, Kashiwagi A, Yamaguchi S, Sakai H, Ariga K. Monitoring Fluorescence Response of Amphiphilic Flapping Molecules in Compressed Monolayers at the Air-Water Interface. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:2869-2876. [PMID: 31290274 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201900769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The air-water interface, which is the boundary of two phases with a large difference in polarity, gives a distinct environment compared with bulk water or air. Since the interface provides a field for various biomolecules to work, it is important to understand the molecular behaviors at the interface. Here, polarity-independent flapping viscosity probes (FLAP) equipped with hydrophobic/hydrophilic substituents have been synthesized and studied at the air-water interface. In situ fluorescence (FL), which is related to the internal motion and orientation, of three different FLAPs were investigated at the interface, and the internal motion of the molecule was indicated to be suppressed at the interface. In addition, the molecular response was compared with that of conventional viscosity probes (molecular rotors), which indicates the different behaviors of FLAP probably due to the distinct molecular orientation as well as molecular motion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waka Nakanishi
- World Premier International (WPI) Centre for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan.,Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, 305-0047, Japan
| | - Shohei Saito
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University Kitashirakawa Oiwake, Sakyo, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan.,Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), PRESTO Kitashirakawa Oiwake, Sakyo, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Naoki Sakamoto
- World Premier International (WPI) Centre for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan.,Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Akihiro Kashiwagi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Shigehiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Hideki Sakai
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Ariga
- World Premier International (WPI) Centre for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan.,Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8561, Japan
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15
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Kawashima I, Imoto H, Ishida M, Furuta H, Yamamoto S, Mitsuishi M, Tanaka S, Fujii T, Naka K. Dibenzoarsepins: Planarization of 8π‐Electron System in the Lowest Singlet Excited State. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201904882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ikuo Kawashima
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering Graduate School of Science and Technology Kyoto Institute of Technology, Goshokaido-cho, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8585 Japan
| | - Hiroaki Imoto
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering Graduate School of Science and Technology Kyoto Institute of Technology, Goshokaido-cho, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8585 Japan
| | - Masatoshi Ishida
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Graduate School of Engineering and Center for Molecular Systems Kyushu University 744 Moto-oka Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Furuta
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Graduate School of Engineering and Center for Molecular Systems Kyushu University 744 Moto-oka Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Shunsuke Yamamoto
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM) Tohoku University 2-1-1 Katahira Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8577 Japan
| | - Masaya Mitsuishi
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM) Tohoku University 2-1-1 Katahira Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8577 Japan
| | - Susumu Tanaka
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering Graduate School of Science and Technology Kyoto Institute of Technology, Goshokaido-cho, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8585 Japan
| | - Toshiki Fujii
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering Graduate School of Science and Technology Kyoto Institute of Technology, Goshokaido-cho, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8585 Japan
| | - Kensuke Naka
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering Graduate School of Science and Technology Kyoto Institute of Technology, Goshokaido-cho, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8585 Japan
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16
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Kawashima I, Imoto H, Ishida M, Furuta H, Yamamoto S, Mitsuishi M, Tanaka S, Fujii T, Naka K. Dibenzoarsepins: Planarization of 8π‐Electron System in the Lowest Singlet Excited State. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:11686-11690. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201904882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ikuo Kawashima
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering Graduate School of Science and Technology Kyoto Institute of Technology, Goshokaido-cho, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8585 Japan
| | - Hiroaki Imoto
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering Graduate School of Science and Technology Kyoto Institute of Technology, Goshokaido-cho, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8585 Japan
| | - Masatoshi Ishida
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Graduate School of Engineering and Center for Molecular Systems Kyushu University 744 Moto-oka Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Furuta
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Graduate School of Engineering and Center for Molecular Systems Kyushu University 744 Moto-oka Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Shunsuke Yamamoto
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM) Tohoku University 2-1-1 Katahira Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8577 Japan
| | - Masaya Mitsuishi
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM) Tohoku University 2-1-1 Katahira Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8577 Japan
| | - Susumu Tanaka
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering Graduate School of Science and Technology Kyoto Institute of Technology, Goshokaido-cho, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8585 Japan
| | - Toshiki Fujii
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering Graduate School of Science and Technology Kyoto Institute of Technology, Goshokaido-cho, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8585 Japan
| | - Kensuke Naka
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering Graduate School of Science and Technology Kyoto Institute of Technology, Goshokaido-cho, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8585 Japan
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17
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Aida Y, Shibata Y, Tanaka K. Facile Synthesis of Dibenzotetracenedione Derivatives by Rhodium-Catalyzed [2+2+2] Cycloaddition/Spontaneous Aromatization. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:1823-1829. [PMID: 30560555 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201801670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 12/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
It has been established that a cationic rhodium(I)/SEGPHOS complex catalyzes the [2+2+2] cycloaddition of biphenyl-linked 1,7-diynes with 1,4-naphthoquinone and anthracene-1,4-dione. Conveniently, spontaneous aromatization proceeded upon removal of the rhodium complex by passing the reaction mixture through an alumina column, to give the corresponding dibenzotetracenediones and dibenzopentacenediones, respectively, in good yields. The obtained dibenzotetracenedione could be readily transformed into the corresponding dibenzotetracene in good yield. This dibenzotetracene showed blue fluorescence with a good quantum yield, which was significantly higher than those of tetracene, tetrabenzotetracene, and hexabenzotetracene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukimasa Aida
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Yu Shibata
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Ken Tanaka
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
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18
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Toldo J, El Bakouri O, Solà M, Norrby PO, Ottosson H. Is Excited-State Aromaticity a Driving Force for Planarization of Dibenzannelated 8π-Electron Heterocycles? Chempluschem 2019; 84:712-721. [PMID: 31944021 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201900066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Compounds with dibenzannelated heterocycles with eight π-electrons are found in a range of applications. These molecules often adopt a bent structure in the ground state (S0 ) but can become planar in the first excited states (S1 and T1 ) because of the cyclically conjugated 4nπ central ring, which fulfils the requirements for excited state aromaticity. We report on a quantum chemical investigation of the aromatic character in the S1 and T1 states of dibenzannelated seven- and six-membered heterocycles with one, two, or three heteroatoms in the 8π-electron ring. These states could have ππ* or nπ* character. We find that compounds with one or two heteroatoms in the central ring have ππ* states as their S1 and T1 states. They are to a significant degree influenced by excited state aromaticity, and their optimal structures are planar or nearly planar. Among the heteroatoms, nitrogen provides for the strongest excited state aromaticity whereas oxygen provides for the weakest, following the established trend of the S0 state. Yet, dibenzannelated seven-membered-ring compounds with N=N bonds have non-aromatic nπ* states with strongly puckered structures as their S1 and T1 states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josene Toldo
- Department of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 530, 751 20, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ouissam El Bakouri
- Department of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 530, 751 20, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Miquel Solà
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, C/ M. Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003, Girona, Spain
| | - Per-Ola Norrby
- Early Product Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, IMED Biotech Unit AstraZeneca, Pepparedsleden 1, 431 83, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Henrik Ottosson
- Department of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 530, 751 20, Uppsala, Sweden
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19
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Basel BS, Hetzer C, Zirzlmeier J, Thiel D, Guldi R, Hampel F, Kahnt A, Clark T, Guldi DM, Tykwinski RR. Davydov splitting and singlet fission in excitonically coupled pentacene dimers. Chem Sci 2019; 10:3854-3863. [PMID: 31015927 PMCID: PMC6461118 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc00384c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Singlet fission (SF) allows two charges to be generated from the absorption of a single photon and is, therefore, potentially transformative toward improving solar energy conversion. Key to the present study of SF is the design of pentacene dimers featuring a xanthene linker that strictly places two pentacene chromophores in a rigid arrangement and, in turn, enforces efficient, intramolecular π-overlap that mimics interactions typically found in condensed state (e.g., solids, films, etc.). Inter-chromophore communication ensures Davydov splitting, which plays an unprecedented role toward achieving SF in pentacene dimers. Transient absorption measurements document that intramolecular SF evolves upon excitation into the lower Davydov bands to form a correlated triplet pair at cryogenic temperature. At room temperature, the two spin-correlated triplets, one per pentacene moiety within the dimers, are electronically coupled to an excimer state. The presented results are transferable to a broad range of acene morphologies including aggregates, crystals, and films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettina Sabine Basel
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy , Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) , Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) , Egerlandstrasse 3 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany .
| | - Constantin Hetzer
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy , Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) , Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) , Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Strasse 10 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany
| | - Johannes Zirzlmeier
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy , Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) , Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) , Egerlandstrasse 3 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany .
| | - Dominik Thiel
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy , Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) , Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) , Egerlandstrasse 3 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany .
| | - Rebecca Guldi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy , Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) , Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) , Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Strasse 10 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany
| | - Frank Hampel
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy , Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) , Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) , Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Strasse 10 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany
| | - Axel Kahnt
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM) , Permoserstr. 15 , D-04318 Leipzig , Germany
| | - Timothy Clark
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy , Computer-Chemistry-Center (CCC) , Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) , Nägelsbachstrasse 25 , 91052 Erlangen , Germany .
| | - Dirk Michael Guldi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy , Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) , Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) , Egerlandstrasse 3 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany .
| | - Rik R Tykwinski
- Department of Chemistry , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta, T6G 2G2 , Canada .
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20
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Kokado K, Sada K. Consideration of Molecular Structure in the Excited State to Design New Luminogens with Aggregation-Induced Emission. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:8632-8639. [PMID: 30811777 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201814462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) is a photoluminescence phenomenon in which an AIE luminogen (AIEgen) exhibits intense emission in the aggregated or solid state but only weak or no emission in the solution state. Understanding the mechanism of AIE requires consideration of excited state molecular geometry (for example, a π twist). This Minireview examines the history of AIEgens with a focus on the representative AIEgen, tetraphenylethylene (TPE). The mechanisms of solution-state quenching are reviewed and the crucial role of excited-state molecular transformations for AIE is discussed. Finally, recent progress in understanding the relationship between excited state molecular transformations and AIE is overviewed for a range of different AIEgens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Kokado
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Kita10 Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0810, Japan
| | - Kazuki Sada
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Kita10 Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0810, Japan
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21
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Kokado K, Sada K. Consideration of Molecular Structure in the Excited State to Design New Luminogens with Aggregation‐Induced Emission. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201814462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Kokado
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceHokkaido University Kita10 Nishi 8, Kita-ku Sapporo Hokkaido 060-0810 Japan
| | - Kazuki Sada
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceHokkaido University Kita10 Nishi 8, Kita-ku Sapporo Hokkaido 060-0810 Japan
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22
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Kunzmann A, Gruber M, Casillas R, Zirzlmeier J, Stanzel M, Peukert W, Tykwinski RR, Guldi DM. Singulettspaltung für Photovoltaikanwendungen mit Injektionseffizienzen von bis zu 130 %. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201801041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Kunzmann
- Department für Chemie und Pharmazie &, Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Molekulare MaterialienFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Egerlandstraße 3 91058 Erlangen Deutschland
| | - Marco Gruber
- Department für Chemie und Pharmazie &, Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Molekulare MaterialienFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 10 91058 Erlangen Deutschland
| | - Rubén Casillas
- Department für Chemie und Pharmazie &, Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Molekulare MaterialienFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Egerlandstraße 3 91058 Erlangen Deutschland
| | - Johannes Zirzlmeier
- Department für Chemie und Pharmazie &, Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Molekulare MaterialienFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Egerlandstraße 3 91058 Erlangen Deutschland
| | - Melanie Stanzel
- Lehrstuhl für Feststoff- und Grenzflächenverfahrenstechnik &, Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Funktionale PartikelsystemeFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Cauerstraße 4 91058 Erlangen Deutschland
| | - Wolfgang Peukert
- Lehrstuhl für Feststoff- und Grenzflächenverfahrenstechnik &, Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Funktionale PartikelsystemeFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Cauerstraße 4 91058 Erlangen Deutschland
| | - Rik R. Tykwinski
- Department für Chemie und Pharmazie &, Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Molekulare MaterialienFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 10 91058 Erlangen Deutschland
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Alberta Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Kanada
| | - Dirk M. Guldi
- Department für Chemie und Pharmazie &, Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Molekulare MaterialienFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Egerlandstraße 3 91058 Erlangen Deutschland
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23
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Kunzmann A, Gruber M, Casillas R, Zirzlmeier J, Stanzel M, Peukert W, Tykwinski RR, Guldi DM. Singlet Fission for Photovoltaics with 130 % Injection Efficiency. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:10742-10747. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201801041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Kunzmann
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular MaterialsFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstrasse 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Marco Gruber
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM)Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Strasse 10 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Rubén Casillas
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular MaterialsFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstrasse 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Johannes Zirzlmeier
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular MaterialsFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstrasse 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Melanie Stanzel
- Institute of Particle Technology & Interdisciplinary Center of Functional Particle SystemsFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Cauerstrasse 4 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Wolfgang Peukert
- Institute of Particle Technology & Interdisciplinary Center of Functional Particle SystemsFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Cauerstrasse 4 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Rik R. Tykwinski
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM)Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Strasse 10 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Alberta Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Dirk M. Guldi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular MaterialsFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstrasse 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
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