1
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Liu Q, Zhang T, Ikemoto Y, Shinozaki Y, Watanabe G, Hori Y, Shigeta Y, Midorikawa T, Harano K, Sagara Y. Grinding-Induced Water Solubility Exhibited by Mechanochromic Luminescent Supramolecular Fibers. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2400063. [PMID: 38461517 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202400063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Most mechanochromic luminescent compounds are crystalline and highly hydrophobic; however, mechanochromic luminescent molecular assemblies comprising amphiphilic molecules have rarely been explored. This study investigated mechanochromic luminescent supramolecular fibers composed of dumbbell-shaped 9,10-bis(phenylethynyl)anthracene-based amphiphiles without any tetraethylene glycol (TEG) substituents or with two TEG substituents. Both amphiphiles formed water-insoluble supramolecular fibers via linear hydrogen bond formation. Both compounds acquired water solubility when solid samples composed of supramolecular fibers are ground. Grinding induces the conversion of 1D supramolecular fibers into micellar assemblies where fluorophores can form excimers, thereby resulting in a large redshift in the fluorescence spectra. Excimer emission from the ground amphiphile without TEG chains is retained after dissolution in water. The micelles are stable in water because hydrophilic dendrons surround the hydrophobic luminophores. By contrast, when water is added to a ground amphiphile having TEG substituents, fragmented supramolecular fibers with the same molecular arrangement as the initial supramolecular fibers are observed, because fragmented fibers are thermodynamically preferable to micelles as the hydrophobic arrays of fluorophores are covered with hydrophilic TEG chains. This leads to the recovery of the initial fluorescent properties for the latter amphiphile. These supramolecular fibers can be used as practical mechanosensors to detect forces at the mesoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiming Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
| | - Tianyue Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
| | - Yuka Ikemoto
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute/SPring-8, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5198, Japan
| | - Yudai Shinozaki
- Department of Physics, School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitazato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Go Watanabe
- Department of Physics, School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitazato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
- Department of Data Science, School of Frontier Engineering, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitazato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
- Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology (KISTEC), 705-1 Shimoimaizumi, Ebina, Kanagawa, 243-0435, Japan
| | - Yuta Hori
- Center for Computational Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan
| | - Yasuteru Shigeta
- Center for Computational Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan
| | - Takemi Midorikawa
- Center for Basic Research on Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Koji Harano
- Center for Basic Research on Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan
- Living Systems Materialogy (LiSM) Research Group, International Research Frontiers Initiative (IRFI), Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuda-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 226-8503, Japan
| | - Yoshimitsu Sagara
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
- Living Systems Materialogy (LiSM) Research Group, International Research Frontiers Initiative (IRFI), Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuda-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 226-8503, Japan
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2
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Wang D, Chen J, Wang Y, Hao X, Peng H, Liao Y, Zhou X, Smalyukh II, Xie X. Photoswitching in a Liquid Crystalline Pt(II) Coordination Complex. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202304366. [PMID: 38296805 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202304366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Photoswitching of photoluminescence has sparked tremendous research interests for super-resolution imaging, high-security-level anti-counterfeiting, and other high-tech applications. However, the excitation of photoluminescence is usually ready to trigger the photoswitching process, making the photoluminescence readout unreliable. Herein, we report a new photoswitch by the marriage of spiropyran with platinum(II) coordination complex. Viable photoluminescence can be achieved upon excitation by 480 nm visible light while the photoswitching can be easily triggered by 365 nm UV light. The feasible photoswitching may be benefited from the formed liquid crystalline (LC) phase of the designed photoswitch as a crystalline spiropyran is normally unable to implement photoswitching. Compared to the counterparts, this LC photoswitch can show distinct and reliable apparent colors and emission colors before and after photoswitching, which may promise the utility in high-security-level anti-counterfeiting and other advanced information technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Key Lab of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Key Lab of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yixuan Wang
- Key Lab of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xingtian Hao
- Key Lab of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Haiyan Peng
- Key Lab of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, China
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, HUST, Wuhan, 430074, China
- National Anti-counterfeit Engineering Research Center, HUST, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yonggui Liao
- Key Lab of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, China
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, HUST, Wuhan, 430074, China
- National Anti-counterfeit Engineering Research Center, HUST, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xingping Zhou
- Key Lab of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, China
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, HUST, Wuhan, 430074, China
- National Anti-counterfeit Engineering Research Center, HUST, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Ivan I Smalyukh
- Department of Physics and Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, 80309, United States
| | - Xiaolin Xie
- Key Lab of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, China
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, HUST, Wuhan, 430074, China
- National Anti-counterfeit Engineering Research Center, HUST, Wuhan, 430074, China
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3
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Hashimoto Y, Katagiri Y, Tanaka Y, Yoshizawa M. Solution-state mechanochromic luminescence of Pt(ii)-complexes displayed within micellar aromatic capsules. Chem Sci 2023; 14:14211-14216. [PMID: 38098700 PMCID: PMC10717548 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc04613c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanochromic luminescence (MCL) is an intrinsic phenomenon in the solid state and thus has been hardly observed in solution so far. Here we report that arylethynyl Pt(ii)-complexes with an NCN-pincer ligand are efficiently encapsulated by micellar aromatic capsules in water, through a simple grinding protocol with bent amphiphiles. When a bent pentamethylbenzene-based amphiphile is employed as an optimized capsule component, the resultant host-guest composite, with an average diameter of ∼4 nm, is obtained in water at room temperature. Notably, the nanocomposite displays strong red emission (Φ = 33%, λmax = 700 nm) derived from MCL via intermolecular Pt(ii)⋯Pt(ii) interactions even under aerobic aqueous conditions, in sharp contrast to the free Pt(ii)-complex with weak green emission (Φ = 4%, λmax = 500 nm) in CH2Cl2. Moreover, enhancement of the solution-state MCL (up to Φ = 48%) can be achieved by coencapsulation of the Pt(ii)-complexes with carbazole derivatives by the capsule in water. This study provides the first example of "solution-state" mechanochromic luminescence, capable of facilely tuning its intensity and wavelength, among the intensive studies of various solid-state MCL reported previously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihisa Hashimoto
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
| | - Yuri Katagiri
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
| | - Yuya Tanaka
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
| | - Michito Yoshizawa
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
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Ai Y, Ni Z, Shu Z, Zeng Q, Lei X, Zhu Y, Zhang Y, Fei Y, Li Y. Supramolecular Strategy to Achieve Distinct Optical Characteristics and Boosted Chiroptical Enhancement Based on the Closed Conformation of Platinum(II) Complexes. Inorg Chem 2023. [PMID: 37365822 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis of chiral molecules for understanding and revealing the expression, transfer, and amplification of chirality is beneficial to explore effective chiral medicines and high-performance chiroptical materials. Herein, we report a series of square-planar phosphorescent platinum(II) complexes adopting a dominantly closed conformation that exhibit efficient chiroptical transfer and enhancement due to the nonclassical intramolecular C-H···O or C-H···F hydrogen bonds between bipyridyl chelating and alkynyl auxiliary ligands as well as the intermolecular π-π stacking and metal-metal interactions. The spectroscopic and theoretical calculation results demonstrate that the chirality and optic properties are regulated from the molecular level to hierarchical assemblies. Notably, a 154 times larger gabs value of the circular dichroism signals is obtained. This study provides a feasible design principle to achieve large chiropticity and control the expression and transfer of the chirality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeye Ai
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, P. R. China
| | - Zhigang Ni
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, P. R. China
| | - Zhu Shu
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, P. R. China
| | - Qingguo Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, P. R. China
| | - Xin Lei
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, P. R. China
| | - Yihang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, P. R. China
| | - Yinghao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, P. R. China
| | - Yuexuan Fei
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, P. R. China
| | - Yongguang Li
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, P. R. China
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5
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Blanke M, Neumann T, Gutierrez Suburu ME, Prymak O, Wölper C, Strassert CA, Giese M. Tuning the Fluorescence in Dynamic Covalent Bonded Liquid Crystals. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:55864-55872. [PMID: 36508612 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c16209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A series of emissive liquid crystalline materials based on salicylidene derivatives is reported and investigated with respect to their thermoresponsive and mechanochromic properties. Single-crystal analysis and temperature-dependent powder X-ray diffraction measurements allowed us to correlate the intermolecular organization of the mesogens with thermoresponsive changes in the fluorescence behavior. As a proof-of-principle study, we employed the dynamics of the imine bond in transamination reactions for postsynthetic tuning of the fluorescence behavior as a further step toward the development of adaptive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meik Blanke
- Organic Chemistry and CeNIDE, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 7, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Thorben Neumann
- Organic Chemistry and CeNIDE, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 7, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Matias Ezequiel Gutierrez Suburu
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149 Münster, Germany
- CeNTech, SoN, CiMIC, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Heisenbergstraße 11, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Oleg Prymak
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and CeNIDE, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 7, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Christoph Wölper
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and CeNIDE, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 7, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Cristian A Strassert
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149 Münster, Germany
- CeNTech, SoN, CiMIC, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Heisenbergstraße 11, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Michael Giese
- Organic Chemistry and CeNIDE, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 7, 45141 Essen, Germany
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6
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Li B, Wang Y, Chan MH, Pan M, Li Y, Yam VW. Supramolecular Assembly of Organoplatinum(II) Complexes for Subcellular Distribution and Cell Viability Monitoring with Differentiated Imaging. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202210703. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202210703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Baoning Li
- Lehn Institute of Functional Materials School of Chemistry Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry Institute of Molecular Functional Materials and Department of Chemistry The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong 999077 P. R. China
| | - Yaping Wang
- Lehn Institute of Functional Materials School of Chemistry Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
| | - Michael Ho‐Yeung Chan
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry Institute of Molecular Functional Materials and Department of Chemistry The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong 999077 P. R. China
| | - Mei Pan
- Lehn Institute of Functional Materials School of Chemistry Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
| | - Yonguang Li
- Lehn Institute of Functional Materials School of Chemistry Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
| | - Vivian Wing‐Wah Yam
- Lehn Institute of Functional Materials School of Chemistry Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry Institute of Molecular Functional Materials and Department of Chemistry The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong 999077 P. R. China
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7
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Takemura K, Imato K, Ooyama Y. Mechanofluorochromism of (D-π-) 2A-type azine-based fluorescent dyes. RSC Adv 2022; 12:13797-13809. [PMID: 35558838 PMCID: PMC9089242 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra02431d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Bathochromic or hypsochromic shift-type mechanofluorochromism (b-MFC or h-MFC) was found for (D-π-)2A-type azine-based fluorescent dyes OUY-2, OUK-2, and OUJ-2 possessing intramolecular charge-transfer (ICT) characteristics from two (diphenylamino)carbazole-thiophene units as D (electron-donating group)-π (π-conjugated bridge) moieties to a pyridine, pyrazine, or triazine ring as A (electron-withdrawing group): grinding of the recrystallized dyes induced red or blue shifts of the fluorescent colors, that is, bathochromic or hypsochromic shifts of the fluorescence maximum wavelengths (λfl-solid max). The degrees of MFC evaluated by the absolute value of differences (Δλ fl-solid max) in λfl-solid max before and after grinding of the recrystallized dyes increased in the order of OUY-2 (+7 nm) < OUK-2 (-17 nm) < OUJ-2 (+45 nm), so that OUJ-2 exhibits obvious b-MFC, but OUK-2 exhibits h-MFC. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) demonstrated that the recrystallized dyes were in the crystalline state but the ground dyes were in the amorphous state. When the ground solids were heated above their crystallization temperatures (T c), the colors and fluorescent colors recovered to the original ones before grinding or converted to other ones, that is, heating the ground solids in the amorphous state induced the recrystallization to recover the original microcrystals or to form other microcrystals due to polymorph transformation. However, (D-π-)2Ph-type fluorescent dye OTK-2 having a phenyl group as a substitute for the azine rings exhibited non-obvious MFC. Molecular orbital (MO) calculations indicated that the values of the dipole moments (μ g) in the ground state were 4.0 debye, 1.4 debye, 3.2 debye, and 2.9 debye for OTK-2, OUY-2, OUK-2, and OUJ-2, respectively. Consequently, on the basis of experimental results and MO calculations, we have demonstrated that the MFC of the (D-π-)2A-type azine-based fluorescent dyes is attributed to reversible switching between the crystalline state of the recrystallized dyes and the amorphous state of the ground dyes with changes in the intermolecular dipole-dipole and π-π interactions before and after grinding. Moreover, this work reveals that (D-π-)2A fluorescent dyes possessing dipole moments of ca. 3 debye as well as moderate or intense ICT characteristics make it possible to activate the MFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Takemura
- Applied Chemistry Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University 1-4-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527 Japan
| | - Keiichi Imato
- Applied Chemistry Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University 1-4-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527 Japan
| | - Yousuke Ooyama
- Applied Chemistry Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University 1-4-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527 Japan
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Blanke M, Postulka L, Ciara I, D'Acierno F, Hildebrandt M, Gutmann JS, Dong RY, Michal CA, Giese M. Manipulation of Liquid Crystalline Properties by Dynamic Covalent Chemistry─En Route to Adaptive Materials. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:16755-16763. [PMID: 35377595 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c03241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic covalent bonds bear great potential for the development of adaptive and self-healing materials. Herein, we introduce a versatile concept not only for the design of low-molecular-weight liquid crystals but also for their in situ postsynthetic modification by using the dynamic covalent nature of imine bonds. The methodology allows systematic investigations of structure-property relationships as well as the manipulation of the materials' behavior (liquid crystallinity) and the introduction of additional properties (here, fluorescence) by a solvent-free method. For the first time, the transamination reaction is followed by variable-temperature 19F solid-state NMR in the mesophase, providing insights into the reaction dynamics in a liquid crystalline material. Finally, the application potential for the design of liquid crystalline materials with adaptive properties is demonstrated by a sequential combination of these reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meik Blanke
- Organic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 7, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Leona Postulka
- Organic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 7, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Isabelle Ciara
- Organic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 7, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Francesco D'Acierno
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, 6224 Agricultural Road, Vancouver BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Marcus Hildebrandt
- Physical Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 2, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Jochen S Gutmann
- Physical Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 2, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Ronald Y Dong
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, 6224 Agricultural Road, Vancouver BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Carl A Michal
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, 6224 Agricultural Road, Vancouver BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Michael Giese
- Organic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 7, 45117 Essen, Germany
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Zhu S, Huang X, Han X, Liu S. Recognition and Luminescence Properties of N^C^N Pt(II) Complexes with Macrocyclic Host Cucurbit[10]uril. ACTA CHIMICA SINICA 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/a22020078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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10
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Gong Z, Dan T, Yao J, Zhong Y. Supramolecular Assembly and Circularly Polarized Phosphorescence of Tridentate Platinum‐Isocyanide Complexes Modified with a Chiral Leucine Derivative. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.202100239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhong‐Liang Gong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Ti‐Xiong Dan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Chemilcal Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Jiannian Yao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Chemilcal Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Yu‐Wu Zhong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Chemilcal Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
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11
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Inoue R, Naota T, Ehara M. Origin of the Aggregation-Induced Phosphorescence of Platinum(II) Complexes: The Role of Metal-Metal Interactions on Emission Decay in the Crystalline State. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:3129-3140. [PMID: 34476913 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202100887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Discerning the origins of the phosphorescent aggregation-induced emission (AIE) from Pt(II) complexes is crucial for developing the broader range of photo-functional materials. Over the past few decades, several mechanisms of phosphorescent AIE have been proposed, however, not have been directly elucidated. Herein, we describe phosphorescence and deactivation processes of four class of AIE active Pt(II) complexes in the crystalline state based on experimental and theoretical investigation. These complexes show metal-to-ligand and/or metal-metal-to-ligand charge transfer emission in crystalline state with different heat resistance against thermal emission quenching. The calculated energy profiles including the minimum energy crossing point between S0 and T1 states were consistent with the heat resistant properties, which provided the mechanism for AIE expression. Furthermore, we have clarified the role of metal-metal interaction in AIE by comparing two computational models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Inoue
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Machikaneyama, 560-8531, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Naota
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Machikaneyama, 560-8531, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ehara
- Institute for Molecular Science and Research Center for Computational Science, Nishigo-naka 38, Myodai-ji, 444-8585, Okazaki, Japan
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12
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Bujosa S, Greciano EE, Martínez MA, Sánchez L, Soberats B. Unveiling the Role of Hydrogen Bonds in Luminescent N-Annulated Perylene Liquid Crystals. Chemistry 2021; 27:14282-14286. [PMID: 34323342 PMCID: PMC8596826 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
We report the liquid-crystalline (LC) and luminescent properties of a series of N-annulated perylenes (1-4) in whose molecular structures amide and ester groups alternate. We found that the LC properties of these compounds not only depend on the number of hydrogen-bonding units, but also on the relative position of the amide linkers in the molecule. The absence of amide groups in compound 1 leads to no LC properties, whereas four amide groups induce the formation of a wide temperature range columnar hexagonal phase in compound 4. Remarkably, compound 3, with two amide groups in the inner part of the structure, stabilizes the columnar LC phases better than its structural isomer 2, with the amide groups in the outer part of the molecule. Similarly, we found that only compounds 1 and 2, which have no hydrogen bonding units in the inner part of the molecule, exhibit luminescence vapochromism upon exposure to organic solvent vapors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Bujosa
- Department of ChemistryUniversitat de les Illes BalearsCra. Valldemossa, Km. 7.507122Palma de MallorcaSpain
| | - Elisa E. Greciano
- Departamento de Química OrgánicaFacultad de Ciencias QuímicasUniversidad Complutense de Madrid Ciudad Universitaria, s/n28040MadridSpain
| | - Manuel A. Martínez
- Departamento de Química OrgánicaFacultad de Ciencias QuímicasUniversidad Complutense de Madrid Ciudad Universitaria, s/n28040MadridSpain
| | - Luis Sánchez
- Departamento de Química OrgánicaFacultad de Ciencias QuímicasUniversidad Complutense de Madrid Ciudad Universitaria, s/n28040MadridSpain
| | - Bartolome Soberats
- Department of ChemistryUniversitat de les Illes BalearsCra. Valldemossa, Km. 7.507122Palma de MallorcaSpain
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13
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Asymmetrically Functionalized 1,3-Di(2-pyridyl)benzenes: Synthesis and Photophysical Studies. J Fluoresc 2021; 32:125-133. [PMID: 34618285 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-021-02759-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A convenient synthetic approach to asymmetrically functionalized 1,3-di(2-pyridyl)benzenes starting from 3-(3-bromophenyl)-1,2,4-triazines using sequential aza-Diels-Alder reactions and Stille cross-coupling is reported. Photophysical properties of the obtained compounds are studied.
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14
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Perruchas S. Molecular copper iodide clusters: a distinguishing family of mechanochromic luminescent compounds. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:12031-12044. [PMID: 34378598 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt01827b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mechanochromic luminescent materials displaying switchable luminescence properties in response to external mechanical force are currently attracting wide interest because of their multiple potential applications. In the growing number of mechanochromic luminescent compounds, mechanochromic complexes based on copper present appealing features with a large variety of mechanochromic properties and economical advantages over other metals. Among Cu-based compounds, molecular copper iodide clusters of cubane geometry with formula [Cu4I4L4] (L = organic ligand) stand out. Indeed, they can exhibit multiple luminescent stimuli-responsive properties, being particularly suitable for the development of multifunctional photoactive systems. This perspective describes the survey of these mechanochromic luminescent cubane copper iodide clusters. Based on our investigations, their mechanochromic luminescence properties are presented along with the study of the underlying mechanism. Establishment of structure-property relationships supported by various characterization techniques and associated with theoretical investigations permits gaining insights into the mechanism at play. Studies of other researcher groups are also described and illustrate the interest shown by these mechanochromic compounds. Mechanically responsive films are reported, demonstrating their potential use in a range of applications of such copper-based stimuli-responsive materials. Current challenges faced by the development of technological applications are finally outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Perruchas
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel, IMN, F-44000 Nantes, France.
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15
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Cuerva C, Cano M, Lodeiro C. Advanced Functional Luminescent Metallomesogens: The Key Role of the Metal Center. Chem Rev 2021; 121:12966-13010. [PMID: 34370446 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The use of liquid crystals for the fabrication of displays incorporated in technological devices (TVs, calculators, screens of eBook's, tablets, watches) demonstrates the relevance that these materials have had in our way of living. However, society evolves, and improved devices are looked for as we create a more efficient and safe technology. In this context, metallomesogens can behave as multifunctional materials because they can combine the fluidic state of the mesophases with properties such as photo and electroluminescence, which offers new exciting possibilities in the field of optoelectronics, energy, environment, and even biomedicine. Herein, it has been established the role of the molecular geometry induced by the metal center in metallomesogens to achieve the self-assembly required in the liquid-crystalline mesophase. Likewise, the effect of the coordination environment in metallomesogens has been further analyzed because of its importance to induce mesomorphism. The structural analysis has been combined with an in-depth discussion of the properties of these materials, including their current and potential future applications. This review will provide a solid background to stimulate the development of novel and attractive metallomesogens that allow designing improved optoelectronic and microelectronic components. Additionally, nanoscience and nanotechnology could be used as a tool to approach the design of nanosystems based on luminescent metallomesogens for use in bioimaging or drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristián Cuerva
- BIOSCOPE Research Group, LAQV@REQUIMTE Chemistry Department, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Mercedes Cano
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Lodeiro
- BIOSCOPE Research Group, LAQV@REQUIMTE Chemistry Department, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.,PROTEOMASS Scientific Society, Rua dos Inventores, Madam Parque, Caparica Campus, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
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16
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Zhang HH, Yang QY, Qi XW, Sun SS, Li BS, Zhang DS, Zhang XP, Shi ZF. Improved mechanochromism and mechanoluminescence in fluoro-substituted N^N^C-coordinating cyclometalated platinum(II) complexes. Inorganica Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2021.120411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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17
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Synthesis and UV-light induced oligomerization of a benzofulvene-based neutral platinum(II) complex. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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18
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Yang QY, Zhang HH, Qi XW, Sun SS, Zhang DS, Han LZ, Zhang XP, Shi ZF. Mechanochromic luminescence properties of fluoro-substituted pinene-containing cyclometalated platinum(II) complexes with multiple triplet excited states. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:8938-8946. [PMID: 34109961 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt00848j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The structure-mechanochromism relationship is explored with respect to packing patterns and corresponding intermolecular interactions that are affected by the number and location of -F. The distinct and reversible mechanochormic luminescence (Δλem up to ca. 90 nm) of yellow solids (-)-1-Yg, (-)-2-Yg, and (-)-3-Yg was displayed with a simultaneous crystal-to-amorphous transformation. The change of multiple triplet excited states accounted for the mechanochormic luminescence, and a switch from the 3π,π* monomer to the excimer/3MMLCT occurred in the grinding process. The mechanical force led to perturbation in the molecular packing, and aggregates with effective PtPt and π-π interactions were formed in the amorphous phase, leading to the variation of excited states. The mechanochromic luminescence could be reverted by dropping in CH2Cl2 and could be cycled multiple times without perceivable performance degradation. This work gives a reference for designing mechanochromic luminescent materials toward multicolor and multicomponent responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Ying Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment & Resource Reuse of Hainan Province, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, P.R. China.
| | - Hua-Hong Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment & Resource Reuse of Hainan Province, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, P.R. China.
| | - Xiao-Wei Qi
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment & Resource Reuse of Hainan Province, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, P.R. China.
| | - Shi-Shu Sun
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment & Resource Reuse of Hainan Province, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, P.R. China.
| | - Da-Shuai Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment & Resource Reuse of Hainan Province, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, P.R. China.
| | - Li-Zhi Han
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment & Resource Reuse of Hainan Province, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, P.R. China.
| | - Xiao-Peng Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment & Resource Reuse of Hainan Province, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, P.R. China.
| | - Zai-Feng Shi
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment & Resource Reuse of Hainan Province, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, P.R. China.
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19
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Suleymanova AF, Yakovleva YA, Eltsov OS, Lantushenko AO, Evstigneev MP, Donnio B, Heinrich B, Kozhevnikov VN. Comparative analysis of self-aggregation of liquid crystalline Pt(II) complexes in solution and in neat films. J Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2021.121750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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20
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Kato T, Gupta M, Yamaguchi D, Gan KP, Nakayama M. Supramolecular Association and Nanostructure Formation of Liquid Crystals and Polymers for New Functional Materials. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20200304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Kato
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Monika Gupta
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Daisuke Yamaguchi
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Kian Ping Gan
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Masanari Nakayama
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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21
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Handedness-inverted polymorphic helical assembly and circularly polarized luminescence of chiral platinum complexes. Sci China Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-020-9911-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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22
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Rajendiran K, Yoganandham ST, Arumugam S, Arumugam D, Thananjeyan K. An overview of liquid crystalline mesophase transition and photophysical properties of “f block,” “d block,” and (SCO) spin-crossover metallomesogens in the optoelectronics. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.114793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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23
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Puttock EV, Sturala J, Kistemaker JCM, Williams JAG. Platinum(II) Complexes of Tridentate ‐Coordinating Ligands Based on Imides, Amides, and Hydrazides: Synthesis and Luminescence Properties. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emma V. Puttock
- Department of Chemistry Durham University DH1 3LE, U.K. Durham
| | - Jiri Sturala
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry University of Chemistry and Technology Prague Technicka 5 166 28 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Jos C. M. Kistemaker
- Centre for Organic Photonics and Electronics The School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences University of Queensland 4072 Queensland Australia
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24
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Hao X, Xiong B, Ni M, Tang B, Ma Y, Peng H, Zhou X, Smalyukh II, Xie X. Highly Luminescent Liquid Crystals in Aggregation Based on Platinum(II) Complexes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:53058-53066. [PMID: 33174425 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c13935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Luminescent liquid crystals (LLCs) attract considerable attention because of their broad applications in displays, chemosensors, and anti-counterfeiting. However, it remains challenging to achieve a high luminescence efficiency in LCs because of the common aggregation-caused quenching effect. Herein, we demonstrate a facile approach to designing LLCs with a high quantum yield up to 88% by deliberately tuning the aggregation behavior of platinum(II) complexes with alkoxy chains (CnH2n+1O-). LLCs in hexagonal columnar and rectangular columnar phases are achieved when n = 12 and 16, respectively, as revealed by one-dimensional wide-angle X-ray diffraction and small-angle X-ray scattering. These LLCs are able to not only exhibit strong emission at elevated temperatures but also show attractive reversible vapochromism upon alternative CH2Cl2 and EtOH fuming, which imparts added functions and promises technological utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingtian Hao
- Key Lab for Material Chemistry of Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, and National Anti-Counterfeit Engineering Research Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Bijin Xiong
- Key Lab for Material Chemistry of Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, and National Anti-Counterfeit Engineering Research Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Mingli Ni
- Key Lab for Material Chemistry of Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, and National Anti-Counterfeit Engineering Research Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Bing Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Ying Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Haiyan Peng
- Key Lab for Material Chemistry of Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, and National Anti-Counterfeit Engineering Research Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xingping Zhou
- Key Lab for Material Chemistry of Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, and National Anti-Counterfeit Engineering Research Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Ivan I Smalyukh
- Department of Physics and Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Xiaolin Xie
- Key Lab for Material Chemistry of Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, and National Anti-Counterfeit Engineering Research Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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25
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Traeger H, Kiebala DJ, Weder C, Schrettl S. From Molecules to Polymers-Harnessing Inter- and Intramolecular Interactions to Create Mechanochromic Materials. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 42:e2000573. [PMID: 33191595 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The development of mechanophores as building blocks that serve as predefined weak linkages has enabled the creation of mechanoresponsive and mechanochromic polymer materials, which are interesting for a range of applications including the study of biological specimens or advanced security features. In typical mechanophores, covalent bonds are broken when polymers that contain these chemical motifs are exposed to mechanical forces, and changes of the optical properties upon bond scission can be harnessed as a signal that enables the detection of applied mechanical stresses and strains. Similar chromic effects upon mechanical deformation of polymers can also be achieved without relying on the scission of covalent bonds. The dissociation of motifs that feature directional noncovalent interactions, the disruption of aggregated molecules, and conformational changes in molecules or polymers constitute an attractive element for the design of mechanoresponsive and mechanochromic materials. In this article, it is reviewed how such alterations of molecules and polymers can be exploited for the development of mechanochromic materials that signal deformation without breaking covalent bonds. Recent illustrative examples are highlighted that showcase how the use of such mechanoresponsive motifs enables the visual mapping of stresses and damage in a reversible and highly sensitive manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Traeger
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, Fribourg, CH-1700, Switzerland
| | - Derek J Kiebala
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, Fribourg, CH-1700, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Weder
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, Fribourg, CH-1700, Switzerland
| | - Stephen Schrettl
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, Fribourg, CH-1700, Switzerland
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26
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Utrera-Melero R, Huitorel B, Cordier M, Mevellec JY, Massuyeau F, Latouche C, Martineau-Corcos C, Perruchas S. Combining Theory and Experiment to Get Insight into the Amorphous Phase of Luminescent Mechanochromic Copper Iodide Clusters. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:13607-13620. [PMID: 32909432 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In the field of stimuli-responsive luminescent materials, mechanochromic compounds exhibiting reversible emission color changes activated by mechanical stimulation present appealing perspectives in sensor applications. The mechanochromic luminescence properties of the molecular cubane copper iodide cluster [Cu4I4[PPh2(C6H4-CH2OH)]4] (1) are reported in this study. This compound can form upon melting an amorphous phase, giving an unprecedented opportunity to investigate the mechanochromism phenomenon. Because the mechanically induced crystalline-to-amorphous transition is only partial, the completely amorphous phase represents the ultimate state of the mechanically altered phase. Furthermore, the studied compound could form two different crystalline polymorphs, namely, [Cu4I4[PPh2(C6H4-CH2OH)]4]·C2H3N (1·CH3CN) and [Cu4I4[PPh2(C6H4-CH2OH)]4]·3C4H8O (1·THF), allowing the establishment of straightforward structure-property relationships. Photophysical and structural characterizations of 1 in different states were performed, and the experimental data were supported by theoretical investigations. Solid-state NMR analysis permitted quantification of the amorphous part in the mechanically altered phase. IR and Raman analysis enabled identification of the spectroscopic signatures of each state. Density functional theory calculations led to assignment of both the NMR characteristics and the vibrational bands. Rationalization of the photoluminescence properties was also conducted, with simulation of the phosphorescence spectra allowing an accurate interpretation of the thermochromic luminescence properties of this family of compounds. The combined study of crystalline polymorphism and the amorphous state allowed us to get deeper into the mechanochromism mechanism that implies changes of the [Cu4I4] cluster core geometry. Through the combination of multistimuli-responsive properties, copper iodide clusters constitute an appealing class of compounds toward original functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Utrera-Melero
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel, IMN, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Brendan Huitorel
- Laboratoire de Physique de la Matière Condensée, CNRS-Ecole Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - Marie Cordier
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire, CNRS-Ecole Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - Jean-Yves Mevellec
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel, IMN, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Florian Massuyeau
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel, IMN, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Camille Latouche
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel, IMN, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Charlotte Martineau-Corcos
- Molécules, Interactions et Matériaux, Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, Université de Versailles St-Quentin en Yvelines, UMR 8180, CNRS, 45 avenue des Etats-Unis, 78035 Versailles Cedex, France.,CEMHTI, Université d'Orléans, UPR 3079, CNRS, F-45071 Orléans, France
| | - Sandrine Perruchas
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel, IMN, F-44000 Nantes, France.,Laboratoire de Physique de la Matière Condensée, CNRS-Ecole Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
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27
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Chakraborty S, Aliprandi A, De Cola L. Multinuclear Pt II Complexes: Why Three is Better Than Two to Enhance Photophysical Properties. Chemistry 2020; 26:11007-11012. [PMID: 32329122 PMCID: PMC7496982 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The self-assembly of platinum complexes is a well-documented process that leads to interesting changes of the photophysical and electrochemical behavior as well as to a change in reactivity of the complexes. However, it is still not clear how many metal units must interact in order to achieve the desired properties of a large assembly. This work aimed to clarify the role of the number of interacting PtII units leading to an enhancement of the spectroscopic properties and how to address inter- versus intramolecular processes. Therefore, a series of neutral multinuclear PtII complexes were synthesized and characterized, and their photophysical properties at different concentration were studied. Going from the monomer to dimers, the growth of a new emission band and the enhancement of the emission properties were observed. Upon increasing the platinum units up to three, the monomeric blue emission could not be detected anymore and a concentration independent bright-yellow/orange emission, due to the establishment of intramolecular metallophilic interactions, was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Chakraborty
- Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie SupramoléculairesCNRS, UMR 7006, Université de Strasbourg8 rue Gaspard Monge67000StrasbourgFrance
| | - Alessandro Aliprandi
- Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie SupramoléculairesCNRS, UMR 7006, Université de Strasbourg8 rue Gaspard Monge67000StrasbourgFrance
| | - Luisa De Cola
- Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie SupramoléculairesCNRS, UMR 7006, Université de Strasbourg8 rue Gaspard Monge67000StrasbourgFrance
- Institute for Nanotechnology (INT)Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyHermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 176344Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany
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28
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de Domingo E, Folcia CL, Ortega J, Etxebarria J, Termine R, Golemme A, Coco S, Espinet P. Striking Increase in Hole Mobility upon Metal Coordination to Triphenylene Schiff Base Semiconducting Multicolumnar Mesophases. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:10482-10491. [PMID: 32649199 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c00794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This paper reports the synthesis, liquid-crystal behavior, and charge-transport properties in the mesophase of triphenylene Schiff bases and their copper(II), nickel(II), and oxovanadium(IV) complexes. The thermal and electronic properties of the Schiff bases are modulated by coordination to the corresponding metal moieties, which have the ability to self-assemble into linear structures and help the alignment of the triphenylene columns. This produces two kinds of electronically nonconnected columnar regions, one purely organic and one more inorganic. The most remarkable effect is a striking charge mobility enhancement in the metal-containing mesophases, due to the contribution of the more inorganic columns: in comparison to values of hole mobility along the columnar stacking for the purely organic columnar mesophases, on the order of 10-7 cm2 V-1 s-1, these values jump to 1-10 cm2 V-1 s-1 in these hybrid inorganic/organic columnar materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estela de Domingo
- IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, 47071 Valladolid, Castilla y León, Spain
| | - César L Folcia
- Condensed Matter Physics, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Josu Ortega
- Applied Physics II, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Jesús Etxebarria
- Condensed Matter Physics, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Roberto Termine
- LASCAMM CR-INSTM, CNR-Nanotec, Dipartimento di Fisica, Università della Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Attilio Golemme
- LASCAMM CR-INSTM, CNR-Nanotec, Dipartimento di Fisica, Università della Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Silverio Coco
- IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, 47071 Valladolid, Castilla y León, Spain
| | - Pablo Espinet
- IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, 47071 Valladolid, Castilla y León, Spain
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29
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Yang J, Li K, Wang J, Sun S, Chi W, Wang C, Chang X, Zou C, To W, Li M, Liu X, Lu W, Zhang H, Che C, Chen Y. Controlling Metallophilic Interactions in Chiral Gold(I) Double Salts towards Excitation Wavelength‐Tunable Circularly Polarized Luminescence. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202000792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian‐Gong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory on New MaterialsTechnical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Kai Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and TechnologyCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen University Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- Institute of Theoretical ChemistryCollege of ChemistryJilin University Changchun 130023 P. R. China
| | - Shanshan Sun
- Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong ProvinceDepartment of ChemistryShantou University Shantou 515031 P. R. China
| | - Weijie Chi
- Singapore University of Technology and Design 8 Somapah Road Singapore 487372 Singapore
| | - Chao Wang
- Singapore University of Technology and Design 8 Somapah Road Singapore 487372 Singapore
| | - Xiaoyong Chang
- Department of ChemistrySouthern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
| | - Chao Zou
- Department of ChemistrySouthern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
| | - Wai‐Pong To
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry & Department of ChemistryThe University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong SAR P. R. China
| | - Ming‐De Li
- Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong ProvinceDepartment of ChemistryShantou University Shantou 515031 P. R. China
| | - Xiaogang Liu
- Singapore University of Technology and Design 8 Somapah Road Singapore 487372 Singapore
| | - Wei Lu
- Department of ChemistrySouthern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
| | - Hong‐Xing Zhang
- Institute of Theoretical ChemistryCollege of ChemistryJilin University Changchun 130023 P. R. China
| | - Chi‐Ming Che
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry & Department of ChemistryThe University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong SAR P. R. China
| | - Yong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory on New MaterialsTechnical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
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30
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Chen L, Chen C, Sun Y, Lu S, Huo H, Tan T, Li A, Li X, Ungar G, Liu F, Zhang M. Luminescent Metallacycle‐Cored Liquid Crystals Induced by Metal Coordination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201915055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Long Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of MaterialsShaanxi International Research Center for Soft MatterSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Changlong Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of MaterialsShaanxi International Research Center for Soft MatterSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Yue Sun
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials ScienceCollege of Chemistry and Material SciencesSouth-Central University for Nationalities Wuhan 430074 P. R. China
| | - Shuai Lu
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of South Florida Tampa FL 33620 USA
- College of ChemistryZhengzhou University Zhengzhou Henan 450001 P. R. China
| | - Haohui Huo
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of MaterialsShaanxi International Research Center for Soft MatterSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Tianyi Tan
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of MaterialsShaanxi International Research Center for Soft MatterSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Anquan Li
- School of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of South Florida Tampa FL 33620 USA
| | - Goran Ungar
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of MaterialsShaanxi International Research Center for Soft MatterSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of MaterialsShaanxi International Research Center for Soft MatterSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of MaterialsShaanxi International Research Center for Soft MatterSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
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31
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Chen L, Chen C, Sun Y, Lu S, Huo H, Tan T, Li A, Li X, Ungar G, Liu F, Zhang M. Luminescent Metallacycle-Cored Liquid Crystals Induced by Metal Coordination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:10143-10150. [PMID: 32080962 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201915055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Two rhomboidal metallacycles based on metal-coordination-driven self-assembly are presented. Because metal-coordination interactions restrict the rotation of phenyl groups on tetraphenylethene units, these metallacycles were emissive both in solution and in solid state, and their aggregation-induced emission properties were well-retained. Moreover, the rhomboidal metallacyclic structures offer a platform for intermolecular packing beneficial for the formation of liquid crystalline phases. Therefore, although neither of building blocks shows mesogenic properties, both thermotropic and lyotropic (in DMF) mesophases were observed in one of metallacycles, indicating that mesophases could be induced by metal-coordination interactions. This study not only reveals the mechanism for the formation of cavity-cored liquid crystals, but also provides a convenient approach to preparing supramolecular luminescent liquid crystals, which will serve as good candidates for chemo sensors and liquid crystal displays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Changlong Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Yue Sun
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science, College of Chemistry and Material Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA.,College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Haohui Huo
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Tianyi Tan
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Anquan Li
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA
| | - Goran Ungar
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
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32
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Abstract
Manipulation of non-covalent metal–metal interactions allows the fabrication of functional metallosupramolecular structures with diverse supramolecular behaviors. The majority of reported studies are mostly designed and governed by thermodynamics, with very few examples of metallosupramolecular systems exhibiting intriguing kinetics. Here we report a serendipitous finding of platinum(ii) complexes serving as non-covalent crosslinkers for the fabrication of supramolecular DNA hydrogels. Upon mixing the alkynylplatinum(ii) terpyridine complex with double-stranded DNA in aqueous solution, the platinum(ii) complex molecules are found to first stack into columnar phases by metal–metal and π–π interactions, and then the columnar phases that carry multiple positive charges crosslink the negatively charged DNA strands to form supramolecular hydrogels with luminescence properties and excellent processability. Subsequent platinum(ii) intercalation into DNA competes with the metal–metal and π–π interactions at the crosslinking points, switching on the spontaneous gel-to-sol transition. In the case of a chloro (2,6-bis(benzimidazol-2′-yl)pyridine)platinum(ii) complex, with [Pt(bzimpy)Cl]+ serving as a non-covalent crosslinker where the metal–metal and π–π interactions outcompete platinum(ii) intercalation, the intercalation-driven gel-to-sol transition pathway is blocked since the gel state is energetically more favorable than the sol state. Interestingly, the ligand exchange reaction of the chloro ligand in [Pt(bzimpy)Cl]+ with glutathione (GSH) has endowed the complexes with enhanced hydrophilicity, decreasing the planarity of the complexes, and turning off the metal–metal and π–π interactions at the crosslinking points, leading to GSH-triggered hydrogel dissociation. We report a serendipitous finding of platinum(ii) complexes serving as non-covalent crosslinkers for the fabrication of supramolecular DNA hydrogels.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaka Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong PR China
| | - Vivian Wing-Wah Yam
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong PR China
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33
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Yang J, Li K, Wang J, Sun S, Chi W, Wang C, Chang X, Zou C, To W, Li M, Liu X, Lu W, Zhang H, Che C, Chen Y. Controlling Metallophilic Interactions in Chiral Gold(I) Double Salts towards Excitation Wavelength‐Tunable Circularly Polarized Luminescence. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:6915-6922. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202000792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian‐Gong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory on New MaterialsTechnical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Kai Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and TechnologyCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen University Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- Institute of Theoretical ChemistryCollege of ChemistryJilin University Changchun 130023 P. R. China
| | - Shanshan Sun
- Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong ProvinceDepartment of ChemistryShantou University Shantou 515031 P. R. China
| | - Weijie Chi
- Singapore University of Technology and Design 8 Somapah Road Singapore 487372 Singapore
| | - Chao Wang
- Singapore University of Technology and Design 8 Somapah Road Singapore 487372 Singapore
| | - Xiaoyong Chang
- Department of ChemistrySouthern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
| | - Chao Zou
- Department of ChemistrySouthern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
| | - Wai‐Pong To
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry & Department of ChemistryThe University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong SAR P. R. China
| | - Ming‐De Li
- Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong ProvinceDepartment of ChemistryShantou University Shantou 515031 P. R. China
| | - Xiaogang Liu
- Singapore University of Technology and Design 8 Somapah Road Singapore 487372 Singapore
| | - Wei Lu
- Department of ChemistrySouthern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
| | - Hong‐Xing Zhang
- Institute of Theoretical ChemistryCollege of ChemistryJilin University Changchun 130023 P. R. China
| | - Chi‐Ming Che
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry & Department of ChemistryThe University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong SAR P. R. China
| | - Yong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory on New MaterialsTechnical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
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34
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Zhang K, Yeung MCL, Leung SYL, Yam VWW. Platinum(II) Probes for Sensing Polyelectrolyte Lengths and Architectures. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:8503-8512. [PMID: 32027479 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b17611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Platinum(II) polypyridine complexes of a square-planar geometry have been used as spectroscopic reporters for quantification of various charged species through non-covalent metal-metal interactions. The characterization of molecular weights and architectures of polyelectrolytes represents a challenging task in polymer science. Here, we report the utilization of platinum(II) complex probes and non-covalent metal-metal interactions for sensing polyelectrolyte lengths and architectures. It is found that the platinum(II) probes can bind to linear polyelectrolytes via electrostatic attractions and give rise to significant spectroscopic changes associated with the formation of metal-metal interactions, and the extent of the spectroscopic changes is found to increase with the lengths of the linear polyelectrolytes. Besides, the platinum(II) probes have been found to co-assemble with the linear polyelectrolytes to form well-defined nanofibers, and the lengths of the linear polyelectrolytes can be directly estimated from the diameter of the nanofibers under transmission electron microscopy observation. Interestingly, upon mixing with the platinum(II) probes, polyelectrolytes with bottlebrush architectures have been found to exhibit larger spectroscopic changes than linear polyelectrolytes with the same chemical composition. Combined with the reported theoretical studies on counterion condensation of polyelectrolytes, the platinum(II) complexes are found to function as spectroscopic probes for sensing the charge densities of the polyelectrolytes with different lengths and diverse architectures. Moreover, platinum(II) probes pre-organized in nanostructured aggregates have been found to intercalate into double-stranded DNA, which are naturally occurring biological polyelectrolytes with helical architectures and intercalation sites, to give significant enhancement of spectroscopic changes when compared to the intercalation of monomeric platinum(II) probes into double-stranded DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaka Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials and Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , PR China
| | - Margaret Ching-Lam Yeung
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials and Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , PR China
| | - Sammual Yu-Lut Leung
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials and Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , PR China
| | - Vivian Wing-Wah Yam
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials and Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , PR China
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35
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Zhu S, Hu J, Zhai S, Wang Y, Xu Z, Liu R, Zhu H. AIPE-active Pt(ii) complexes with a tunable triplet excited state: design, mechanochromism and application in anti-counterfeiting. Inorg Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qi00735h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of AIPE-active Pt(ii) complexes exhibit tunable triplet excited state properties, mechanochromic behavior and potential application in anti-counterfeiting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senqiang Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Jinyang Hu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Shengliang Zhai
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Yutian Wang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Zengchuang Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Rui Liu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Hongjun Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing
- China
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36
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Li G, Zhu D, Wang X, Su Z, Bryce MR. Dinuclear metal complexes: multifunctional properties and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:765-838. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00660a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Dinuclear metal complexes have enabled breakthroughs in OLEDs, photocatalytic water splitting and CO2reduction, DSPEC, chemosensors, biosensors, PDT and smart materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangfu Li
- Department of Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Dongxia Zhu
- Department of Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Xinlong Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Zhongmin Su
- Department of Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun
- P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering
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37
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Synthesis, characterization, structure and redox property of azo-amido and orthometallated azo-imine platinum(II) complexes. Polyhedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2019.07.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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38
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Ai Y, Li Y, Fu HLK, Chan AKW, Yam VWW. Aggregation and Tunable Color Emission Behaviors of l-Glutamine-Derived Platinum(II) Bipyridine Complexes by Hydrogen-Bonding, π-π Stacking and Metal-Metal Interactions. Chemistry 2019; 25:5251-5258. [PMID: 30680815 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201805901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
An l-glutamine-derived functional group was introduced to the bis(arylalkynyl)platinum(II) bipyridine complexes 1-4. The emission could be switched between the 3 MLCT excited state and the triplet excimeric state through solvent or temperature changes, which is attributed to the formation and disruption of hydrogen-bonding, π-π stacking, and metal-metal interactions. Different architectures with various morphologies, such as honeycomb nanostructures and nanospheres, were formed upon solvent variations, and these changes were accompanied by 1 H NMR and distinct emission changes. Additionally, yellow and red emissive metallogels were formed at room temperature due to the different aggregation behaviors introduced by the substituent groups on bipyridine. The thermoresponsive metallogel showed emission behavior with tunable colors by controlling the temperature. The negative Gibbs free-energy change (ΔG) and the large association constant for excimer formation have suggested that the molecules undergo aggregation through hydrogen-bonding, π-π, and metal-metal interactions, resulting in triplet excimeric emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeye Ai
- Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China.,Institute of Molecular Functional Materials [Areas of Excellence Scheme, University Grants Committee (Hong Kong)] and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong
| | - Yongguang Li
- Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Heidi Li-Ki Fu
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials [Areas of Excellence Scheme, University Grants Committee (Hong Kong)] and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong
| | - Alan Kwun-Wa Chan
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials [Areas of Excellence Scheme, University Grants Committee (Hong Kong)] and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong
| | - Vivian Wing-Wah Yam
- Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China.,Institute of Molecular Functional Materials [Areas of Excellence Scheme, University Grants Committee (Hong Kong)] and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong
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39
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Pramanik HA, Chanda C, Paul PC, Bhattacharjee CR, Prasad SK, Rao DS. Novel tris-buffer based Schiff base bearing long flexible alkoxy arm and its lanthanide complexes: Mesomorphism and photoluminescence. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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40
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Zhu JC, Guan Y, Luo ZW, Li ZX, Huang HH, Wang P, Shen Z, Xie HL. The design, synthesis and order-enhanced emission of luminescent liquid crystalline polymers based on a “jacketing” effect. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py01290g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Two resultant luminescent liquid crystalline polymers (LLCPs) show higher emissive efficiency and the polymers form more ordered structures after thermal annealing, which means that an improvement in ordering can enhance emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Chun Zhu
- Key Lab of Environment-friendly Chemistry and Application in Ministry of Education
- and Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Materials of Colleges
- Universities of Hunan Province and College of Chemistry
- Xiangtan University
- Xiangtan
| | - Yan Guan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education
- Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
| | - Zhi-Wang Luo
- Key Lab of Environment-friendly Chemistry and Application in Ministry of Education
- and Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Materials of Colleges
- Universities of Hunan Province and College of Chemistry
- Xiangtan University
- Xiangtan
| | - Zhen-Xing Li
- Key Lab of Environment-friendly Chemistry and Application in Ministry of Education
- and Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Materials of Colleges
- Universities of Hunan Province and College of Chemistry
- Xiangtan University
- Xiangtan
| | - Hui-Hong Huang
- Key Lab of Environment-friendly Chemistry and Application in Ministry of Education
- and Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Materials of Colleges
- Universities of Hunan Province and College of Chemistry
- Xiangtan University
- Xiangtan
| | - Ping Wang
- Key Lab of Environment-friendly Chemistry and Application in Ministry of Education
- and Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Materials of Colleges
- Universities of Hunan Province and College of Chemistry
- Xiangtan University
- Xiangtan
| | - Zhihao Shen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education
- Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
| | - He-Lou Xie
- Key Lab of Environment-friendly Chemistry and Application in Ministry of Education
- and Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Materials of Colleges
- Universities of Hunan Province and College of Chemistry
- Xiangtan University
- Xiangtan
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41
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Huitorel B, Utrera-Melero R, Massuyeau F, Mevelec JY, Baptiste B, Polian A, Gacoin T, Martineau-Corcos C, Perruchas S. Luminescence mechanochromism of copper iodide clusters: a rational investigation. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:7899-7909. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt01161g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A photoluminescent copper iodide cluster has been characterized, and its luminescence mechanochromic properties have been anticipated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan Huitorel
- Laboratoire de Physique de la Matière Condensée (PMC)
- CNRS – Ecole Polytechnique
- 91128 Palaiseau Cedex
- France
| | - Raquel Utrera-Melero
- Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel (IMN)
- Université de Nantes
- CNRS
- 44322 Nantes cedex 3
- France
| | - Florian Massuyeau
- Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel (IMN)
- Université de Nantes
- CNRS
- 44322 Nantes cedex 3
- France
| | - Jean-Yves Mevelec
- Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel (IMN)
- Université de Nantes
- CNRS
- 44322 Nantes cedex 3
- France
| | - Benoit Baptiste
- Institut de Minéralogie
- de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie (IMPMC)
- UPMC Sorbonne Université
- CNRS UMR 7590
- 75005 Paris
| | - Alain Polian
- Institut de Minéralogie
- de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie (IMPMC)
- UPMC Sorbonne Université
- CNRS UMR 7590
- 75005 Paris
| | - Thierry Gacoin
- Laboratoire de Physique de la Matière Condensée (PMC)
- CNRS – Ecole Polytechnique
- 91128 Palaiseau Cedex
- France
| | - Charlotte Martineau-Corcos
- MIM
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles (ILV)
- UMR CNRS 8180
- Université de Versailles St-Quentin en Yvelines (UVSQ)
- 78035 Versailles Cedex
| | - Sandrine Perruchas
- Laboratoire de Physique de la Matière Condensée (PMC)
- CNRS – Ecole Polytechnique
- 91128 Palaiseau Cedex
- France
- Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel (IMN)
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42
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Parker RR, Sarju JP, Whitwood AC, Williams JAG, Lynam JM, Bruce DW. Synthesis, Mesomorphism, and Photophysics of 2,5-Bis(dodecyloxyphenyl)pyridine Complexes of Platinum(IV). Chemistry 2018; 24:19010-19023. [PMID: 30211455 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
It has been shown for the first time that the PtIV complex cis-[Pt(N^C-tolpy)2 Cl2 ] (tolpy=2-(4-tolyl)pyridinyl) can be prepared in a one-pot reaction from K2 [PtCl4 ], although analogous complexes containing 2,5-bis(4-dodecyloxyphenyl)pyridine (=HL) could be prepared using existing routes. The resulting complexes cis-[Pt(N^C-L)2 Cl2 ] are liquid crystals and small-angle X-ray scattering suggests formation of a lamellar mesophase. Surprisingly, heating [Pt(κ2 -N^C-L)2 Cl(κ1 -N^C-LH)] also leads to a mesomorphic compound, which results from thermally induced oxidation to cis-[Pt(N^C-L)2 Cl2 ] and what is presumed to be another geometric isomer of the same formula. The PtIV complexes are quite strongly luminescent in deoxygenated solution, with φ≈10 % and show vibrationally structured emission spectra, λmax (0,0)=532 nm, strongly displaced to the red compared to cis-[Pt(N^C-tolpy)Cl2 ]. Long luminescence lifetimes of 230 μs are attributed to a lower degree of metal character in the excited state accompanying the extension of conjugation in the ligand. There is no significant difference between the emission properties of the bromo- and chloro-complexes, in contrast with the known complexes cis-[Pt(N^C-ppy)X2 ], where the quantum yield for X=Br is some 30 times lower than for X=Cl (ppyH=2-phenylpyridine). The lower energy of the excited state in the new complexes probably ensures that deactivating LLCT/LMCT states remain thermally inaccessible, even when X=Br.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel R Parker
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Julia P Sarju
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Adrian C Whitwood
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - J A Gareth Williams
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, University Science Laboratories, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Jason M Lynam
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Duncan W Bruce
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
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Zou G, Zhao L, Zeng L, Luo K, Ni H, Wang H, Li Q, Yu W, Li X. Columnar Iridium(III) Metallomesogens Based on Polycatenar Pyridyltetrazolate with Ambipolar Carrier Mobility Behavior. Inorg Chem 2018; 58:861-869. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guo Zou
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, 5 Jingan Road, Chengdu 610068, China
| | - Li Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, 5 Jingan Road, Chengdu 610068, China
| | - Longwei Zeng
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, 5 Jingan Road, Chengdu 610068, China
| | - Kaijun Luo
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, 5 Jingan Road, Chengdu 610068, China
| | - Hailiang Ni
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, 5 Jingan Road, Chengdu 610068, China
| | - Haifeng Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, 5 Jingan Road, Chengdu 610068, China
| | - Quan Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, 5 Jingan Road, Chengdu 610068, China
| | - Wenhao Yu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, 5 Jingan Road, Chengdu 610068, China
| | - Xuelian Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, 5 Jingan Road, Chengdu 610068, China
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44
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Wong YS, Leung FCM, Ng M, Cheng HK, Yam VWW. Platinum(II)-Based Supramolecular Scaffold-Templated Side-by-Side Assembly of Gold Nanorods through Pt⋅⋅⋅Pt and π-π Interactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:15797-15801. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201810302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yip-Sang Wong
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials (Areas of Excellence Scheme; University Grants Committee (Hong Kong)) and Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong People's Republic of China
| | - Frankie Chi-Ming Leung
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials (Areas of Excellence Scheme; University Grants Committee (Hong Kong)) and Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong People's Republic of China
| | - Maggie Ng
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials (Areas of Excellence Scheme; University Grants Committee (Hong Kong)) and Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong People's Republic of China
| | - Heung-Kiu Cheng
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials (Areas of Excellence Scheme; University Grants Committee (Hong Kong)) and Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong People's Republic of China
| | - Vivian Wing-Wah Yam
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials (Areas of Excellence Scheme; University Grants Committee (Hong Kong)) and Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong People's Republic of China
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45
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Wong YS, Leung FCM, Ng M, Cheng HK, Yam VWW. Platinum(II)-Based Supramolecular Scaffold-Templated Side-by-Side Assembly of Gold Nanorods through Pt⋅⋅⋅Pt and π-π Interactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201810302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yip-Sang Wong
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials (Areas of Excellence Scheme; University Grants Committee (Hong Kong)) and Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong People's Republic of China
| | - Frankie Chi-Ming Leung
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials (Areas of Excellence Scheme; University Grants Committee (Hong Kong)) and Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong People's Republic of China
| | - Maggie Ng
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials (Areas of Excellence Scheme; University Grants Committee (Hong Kong)) and Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong People's Republic of China
| | - Heung-Kiu Cheng
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials (Areas of Excellence Scheme; University Grants Committee (Hong Kong)) and Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong People's Republic of China
| | - Vivian Wing-Wah Yam
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials (Areas of Excellence Scheme; University Grants Committee (Hong Kong)) and Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong People's Republic of China
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46
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Yang Y, Yang X, Fang X, Wang K, Yan D. Reversible Mechanochromic Delayed Fluorescence in 2D Metal-Organic Micro/Nanosheets: Switching Singlet-Triplet States through Transformation between Exciplex and Excimer. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2018; 5:1801187. [PMID: 30479939 PMCID: PMC6247076 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201801187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Mechanochromic luminescent materials have attracted much attention and present a variety of applications in information security, data recording, and storage devices. However, most of these smart luminescent systems are based on typical fluorescence and/or phosphorescence mechanisms; the mechanochromic delayed fluorescence (MCDF) materials involving switching singlet and triplet states are rarely studied to date. Herein, new 2D layered metal-organic micro/nanosheets, [Cd(9-AC)2(BIM)2] (named as MCDF-1; 9-AC = anthracene-9-carboxylate and BIM = benzimidazole) and its solvate form containing interlayer CH3CN (named as MCDF-2), which exhibit reversible mechanochromic delayed fluorescence characteristics, are presented. With applying the mechanical force, the luminescent center of MCDF-1 can be converted from 9-AC/BIM exciplex to 9-AC/9-AC excimer, resulting in alternations of delayed fluorescence. Such luminescent change can be further recovered by CH3CN fumigation, accompanied by the structural transformation from MCDF-1 to MCDF-2. Furthermore, the force-responsive process also refers to the energy redistribution between singlet and triplet states as inferred by both temperature-dependent photophysics and theoretical calculations. Therefore, this work not only develops new 2D micro/nanosheets as MCDF materials, but also supplies a singlet-triplet energy switching mechanism on their reversible mechanochromic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongsheng Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials College of ChemistryBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875P. R. China
- Institute of Catalysis for Energy and EnvironmentCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShenyang Normal UniversityShenyang110034P. R. China
| | - Xiaogang Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials College of ChemistryBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Fang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials College of ChemistryBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875P. R. China
| | - Ke‐Zhi Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials College of ChemistryBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875P. R. China
| | - Dongpeng Yan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials College of ChemistryBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029P. R. China
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47
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Yang X, Wu X, Zhou D, Yu J, Xie G, Bruce DW, Wang Y. Platinum-based metallomesogens bearing a Pt(4,6-dfppy)(acac) skeleton: synthesis, photophysical properties and polarised phosphorescence application. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:13368-13377. [PMID: 30207369 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt03017k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Polarised phosphorescence has a bright future in backlighting for conventional liquid crystal displays due to its theoretical 100% internal quantum efficiency and low cost. However, there are scarce reports on polarised phosphorescence from metallomesogens. In this contribution, a platinum-based metallomesogen containing a mesogenic biphenyl (Pt1) was prepared and characterised. To further explore the effect of the substituent on mesophase and emission properties, a related complex Pt2 containing a tetraphenylethene (TPE) moiety was also synthesised. Both complexes melt at elevated temperatures but thereafter do not appear to crystallise on cooling. Complex Pt1 shows an enantiotropic nematic phase from which a broad emission can be seen when spread as a film; in solution, an intense, sky-blue emission is observed. For Pt2, which shows a monotropic SmA phase, the emission in the condensed phase is suppressed and there is only weak emission in solution. Polarisation-dependent photoluminescence with a polarised ratio of 5.4 was obtained for the aligned film of a Pt1:polyimide mixture. Using Pt1 as an emissive layer, non-doped, polarised organic light-emitting diodes presented a broad emission spectrum in the range of 450-900 nm with a polarised ratio of 1.33 and the highest external quantum efficiency of 1.1%. This research has an important significance for achieving broad-based polarised phosphorescence from platinum complex-based metallomesogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Yang
- College of Chemistry, Key Lab of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of the Ministry of Education, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
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48
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Hupp B, Nitsch J, Schmitt T, Bertermann R, Edkins K, Hirsch F, Fischer I, Auth M, Sperlich A, Steffen A. Stimulus-induzierte Anion-Kation-Exciplexbildung in Kupfer(I)-Komplexen als Mechanismus für mechanochrome Phosphoreszenz. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201807768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Hupp
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Jörn Nitsch
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Tanja Schmitt
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Rüdiger Bertermann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Katharina Edkins
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Florian Hirsch
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Ingo Fischer
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Michael Auth
- Physikalisches Institut; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Andreas Sperlich
- Physikalisches Institut; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Andreas Steffen
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
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49
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Hupp B, Nitsch J, Schmitt T, Bertermann R, Edkins K, Hirsch F, Fischer I, Auth M, Sperlich A, Steffen A. Stimulus-Triggered Formation of an Anion-Cation Exciplex in Copper(I) Complexes as a Mechanism for Mechanochromic Phosphorescence. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:13671-13675. [PMID: 30048568 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201807768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The investigation of the mechanisms of mechanochromic luminescence is of fundamental importance for the development of materials for photonic sensors, data storage, and luminescence switches. The structural origin of this phenomenon in phosphorescent molecular systems is rarely known and thus the formulation of structure-property relationships remains challenging. Changes in the M-M interactions have been proposed as the main mechanism with d10 coinage metal compounds. Herein, we describe a new mechanism-a mechanically induced reversible formation of a cation-anion exciplex based on Cu-F interactions-that leads to highly efficient mechanochromic phosphorescence and unusual large emission shifts from UV-blue to yellow for CuI complexes. The low-energy luminescence is thermo- and vaporesponsive, thus allowing the generation of white light as well as for recovering the original UV-blue emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Hupp
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jörn Nitsch
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tanja Schmitt
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Bertermann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Edkins
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Florian Hirsch
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Fischer
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Michael Auth
- Physikalisches Institut, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Sperlich
- Physikalisches Institut, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Steffen
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
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50
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Isayama K, Aizawa N, Kim JY, Yasuda T. Modulating Photo- and Electroluminescence in a Stimuli-Responsive π-Conjugated Donor-Acceptor Molecular System. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:11982-11986. [PMID: 30039632 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201806863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Functional organic materials that display reversible changes in fluorescence in response to external stimuli are of immense interest owing to their potential applications in sensors, probes, and security links. While earlier studies mainly focused on changes in photoluminescence (PL) color in response to external stimuli, stimuli-responsive electroluminescence (EL) has not yet been explored for color-tunable emitters in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Here a stimuli-responsive fluorophoric molecular system is reported that is capable of switching its emission color between green and orange in the solid state upon grinding, heating, and exposure to chemical vapor. A mechanistic study combining X-ray diffraction analysis and quantum chemical calculations reveals that the tunable green/orange emissions originate from the fluorophore's alternating excited-state conformers formed in the crystalline and amorphous phases. By taking advantage of this stimuli-responsive fluorescence behavior, two-color emissive OLEDs were produced using the same fluorophore in different solid phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Isayama
- INAMORI Frontier Research Center (IFRC), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.,Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Naoya Aizawa
- INAMORI Frontier Research Center (IFRC), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.,PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan
| | - Jun Yun Kim
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Takuma Yasuda
- INAMORI Frontier Research Center (IFRC), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.,Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
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