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Škoch K, Antala J, Císařová I, Štěpnička P. Synthesis and catalytic properties of palladium(II) complexes with P,π-chelating ferrocene phosphinoallyl ligands and their non-tethered analogues. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:8722-8731. [PMID: 38712379 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00961d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Hybrid phosphines usually combine a phosphine moiety with another heteroatom secondary donor group in their structures while compounds equipped with hydrocarbyl π-donor moieties remain uncommon. This contribution reports the synthesis and structural characterization of the first P/π-allyl-chelating complexes that were obtained using the structurally flexible and redox-active ferrocene unit as the scaffold, viz. [PdCl(R2PfcCHCHCH2-η3:κP)] (1R; R = Ph and cyclohexyl (Cy); fc = ferrocene-1,1'-diyl). These compounds were synthesized from the respective phosphinoferrocene carboxaldehydes R2PfcCHO via reaction with vinylmagnesium bromide to generate 1-(phosphinoferrocenyl)allyl alcohols, which were subsequently acetylated. The resulting allyl acetates reacted smoothly with [Pd2(dba)3]/[Et3NH]Cl (dba = dibenzylideneacetone) to produce the target compounds. Complexes 1R and their nontethered analogues [PdCl(η3-C3H5)(FcPR2-κP)] (5R; Fc = ferrocenyl) were evaluated as pre-catalysts for the Pd-catalysed allylic amination of cinnamyl acetate with aliphatic amines and Suzuki-Miyaura-type cross-coupling of 4-tolylboronic acid with benzoyl chloride. In these reactions, better results were achieved with compounds 5R (particularly with 5Ph), presumably because they form more stable LPd(0)-type catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karel Škoch
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 128 40 Prague, Czech Republic.
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Husinec-Řež, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Antala
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 128 40 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Ivana Císařová
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 128 40 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Petr Štěpnička
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 128 40 Prague, Czech Republic.
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2
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Sharma MK, Weinert HM, Li B, Wölper C, Henthorn JT, Cutsail GE, Haberhauer G, Schulz S. Syntheses and Structures of 5-Membered Heterocycles Featuring 1,2-Diphospha-1,3-Butadiene and Its Radical Anion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202309466. [PMID: 37582227 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202309466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
LGa(P2 OC)cAAC 2 features a 1,2-diphospha-1,3-butadiene unit with a delocalized π-type HOMO and a π*-type LUMO according to DFT calculations. [LGa(P2 OC)cAAC][K(DB-18-c-6)] 3[K(DB-18-c-6] containing the 1,2-diphospha-1,3-butadiene radical anion 3⋅- was isolated from the reaction of 2 with KC8 and dibenzo-18-crown-6. 3 reacted with [Fc][B(C6 F5 )4 ] (Fc=ferrocenium) to 2 and with TEMPO to [L-H Ga(P2 OC)cAAC][K(DB-18-c-6)] 4[K(DB-18-c-6] containing the 1,2-diphospha-1,3-butadiene anion 4- . The solid state structures of 2, 3K(DB-18-c-6], and 4[K(DB-18-c-6] were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction (sc-XRD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahendra K Sharma
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 5-7, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Hanns M Weinert
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 5-7, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Bin Li
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 5-7, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Christoph Wölper
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 5-7, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Justin T Henthorn
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion (MPI-CEC), Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - George E Cutsail
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion (MPI-CEC), Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Gebhard Haberhauer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 5-7, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Stephan Schulz
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 5-7, 45141, Essen, Germany
- Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Carl-Benz-Straße 199, 47057, Duisburg, Germany
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3
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Sharma MK, Chabbra S, Wölper C, Weinert HM, Reijerse EJ, Schnegg A, Schulz S. Modulating the frontier orbitals of L(X)Ga-substituted diphosphenes [L(X)GaP] 2 (X = Cl, Br) and their facile oxidation to radical cations. Chem Sci 2022; 13:12643-12650. [PMID: 36519043 PMCID: PMC9645402 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc04207j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Modulating the electronic structures of main group element compounds is crucial to control their chemical reactivity. Herein we report on the synthesis, frontier orbital modulation, and one-electron oxidation of two L(X)Ga-substituted diphosphenes [L(X)GaP]2 (X = Cl 2a, Br 2b; L = HC[C(Me)N(Ar)]2, Ar = 2,6-i-Pr2C6H3). Photolysis of L(Cl)GaPCO 1 gave [L(Cl)GaP]22a, which reacted with Me3SiBr with halide exchange to [L(Br)GaP]22b. Reactions with MeNHC (MeNHC = 1,3,4,5-tetramethylimidazol-2-ylidene) gave the corresponding carbene-coordinated complexes L(X)GaPP(MeNHC)Ga(X)L (X = Cl 3a, Br 3b). DFT calculations revealed that the carbene coordination modulates the frontier orbitals (i.e. HOMO/LUMO) of diphosphenes 2a and 2b, thereby affecting the reactivity of 3a and 3b. In marked contrast to diphosphenes 2a and 2b, the cyclic voltammograms (CVs) of the carbene-coordinated complexes each show one reversible redox event at E 1/2 = -0.65 V (3a) and -0.36 V (3b), indicating their one-electron oxidation to the corresponding radical cations as was confirmed by reactions of 3a and 3b with the [FeCp2][B(C6F5)4], yielding the radical cations [L(X)GaPP(MeNHC)Ga(X)L]B(C6F5)4 (X = Cl 4a, Br 4b). The unpaired spin in 4a (79%) and 4b (80%) is mainly located at the carbene-uncoordinated phosphorus atoms as was revealed by DFT calculations and furthermore experimentally proven in reactions with n Bu3SnH, yielding the diphosphane cations [L(X)GaPHP(MeNHC)Ga(X)L]B(C6F5)4 (X = Cl 5a, Br 5b). Compounds 2-5 were fully characterized by NMR and IR spectroscopy as well as by single crystal X-ray diffraction (sc-XRD), and compounds 4a and 4b were further studied by EPR spectroscopy, while their bonding nature was investigated by DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahendra K Sharma
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen Universitätsstraße 5-7, D-45141 Essen Germany https://www.uni-due.de/ak_schulz/index_en.php
| | - Sonia Chabbra
- EPR Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion Stiftstrasse 34-36 Mülheim an der Ruhr D-45470 Germany
| | - Christoph Wölper
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen Universitätsstraße 5-7, D-45141 Essen Germany https://www.uni-due.de/ak_schulz/index_en.php
| | - Hanns M Weinert
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen Universitätsstraße 5-7, D-45141 Essen Germany https://www.uni-due.de/ak_schulz/index_en.php
| | - Edward J Reijerse
- EPR Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion Stiftstrasse 34-36 Mülheim an der Ruhr D-45470 Germany
| | - Alexander Schnegg
- EPR Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion Stiftstrasse 34-36 Mülheim an der Ruhr D-45470 Germany
| | - Stephan Schulz
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen Universitätsstraße 5-7, D-45141 Essen Germany https://www.uni-due.de/ak_schulz/index_en.php
- Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen Carl-Benz-Straße 199 47057 Duisburg Germany
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4
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Ott A, Nagy PR, Benkő Z. Stability of Carbocyclic Phosphinyl Radicals: Effect of Ring Size, Delocalization, and Sterics. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:16266-16281. [PMID: 36197796 PMCID: PMC9583709 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
In this computational study, we report on the stability
of cyclic
phosphinyl radicals with an aim for a systematical assessment of stabilization
effects. The radical stabilization energies (RSEs) were calculated
using isodesmic reactions for a large number of carbocyclic radicals
possessing different ring sizes and grades of unsaturation. In general,
the RSE values range from −1.2 to −14.0 kcal·mol–1, and they show practically no correlation with the
spin populations at the P-centers. The RSE values correlate with the
reaction Gibbs free energies calculated for the dimerization of the
studied simple radicals. Therefore, the more easily accessible RSE
values offer a cost-effective estimation of global stability in a
straightforward manner. To explore the effect of unsaturation on the
RSE values, delocalization energies were determined using appropriate
isodesmic reactions. Introducing unsaturations beside the P-center
into the backbone of the rings leads to an additive increase in the
magnitude of the delocalization energy (∼10, 20, and 30 kcal·mol–1, respectively, for radicals with one, two, and three
C=C bonds in the conjugation). Parallelly, the spin populations
at the P-centers also dwindle gradually by ∼0.1 e in the same
order, indicating that the lone electron delocalizes over the π-system.
Radicals containing exocyclic C=C π-bonds were also investigated,
and all of these radicals have rather similar stabilities independently
of the ring size, outlining the primary importance of the two exocyclic
π-bonds in the conjugation. Among the radicals involved in our
study, those with the best electronic stabilization are the unsaturated
three-, five-, six-, and seven-membered rings containing the maximum
number of conjugated vinyl fragments. The largest delocalization energy
of 31.5 kcal·mol–1 and the lowest obtained
spin population of 0.665 e were found for the fully unsaturated seven-membered
radical (phosphepin derivative). Importantly, the electronic stabilization
effects alone are insufficient for stabilizing the radicals in monomeric
forms epitomized by the exothermic dimerization energies (−40
to −58 kcal·mol–1). Therefore, it is
essential to apply sterically demanding bulky substituents on the
α-C-atoms. Tweaking the steric congestion enabled us to propose
radicals that are expected to be stable against dimerization and,
consequently, may be realistic target species for synthetic investigations.
The effects contributing to the stability of radicals having sterically
encumbered substituents have also been explored. To systematically evaluate the stabilization
effects, the
radical stabilization energies of various carbocyclic phosphinyl radicals
having saturated backbones or unsaturation(s) in either endocyclic
or exocyclic manner have been determined and analyzed. As the electronic
stabilization is alone insufficient to hamper the possible dimerization
of these species, the effect of several sterically demanding substituents
has been explored for the congeners with best electronic stabilizations,
thus enabling us to propose synthetically accessible candidates in
the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Ott
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter R Nagy
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary.,ELKH-BME Quantum Chemistry Research Group, Műegyetem rkp. 3, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Benkő
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary.,ELKH-BME Computation Driven Chemistry Research Group, Műegyetem rkp. 3, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
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5
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Brehm PC, Frontera A, Streubel R. On metal coordination of neutral open-shell P-ligands focusing on phosphanoxyls, their electron residence and reactivity. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:6270-6279. [PMID: 35579028 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc01302a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This feature article highlights the discovery and development of phosphanoxyl complex chemistry starting from (neutral) low-coordinate phosphorus radicals and the quest of metal ligation effects. We describe synthesis and reactions of precursors, namely 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinoxyl (TEMPO) substituted phosphane tungsten(0) complexes. Trapping reactions of transient phosphanoxyl complexes, formed via thermal homolytic N-O bond cleavage, as well as their use in radical polymerisations are illustrated, thus revealing an interesting reactivity dichotomy. DFT calculations provide insight into thermal stabilities of precursors and the resulting spin density distributions (SDDs) in these reactive intermediates. Systematic studies on the dependance of the electron delocalisation in phosphanoxyl complexes have been performed examining different substitution pattern at phosphorus and different co-ligand combinations at the tungsten(0) center. Preliminary results on Mn and Fe complexes are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp C Brehm
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Antonio Frontera
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, Cra. de Valldemossa, 07122 Palma, Baleares, Spain
| | - Rainer Streubel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
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6
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Brehm PC, Müller-Feyen AS, Schnakenburg G, Streubel R. 1,3,2-Diheterophospholane complexes: access to new tuneable precursors of phosphanoxyl complexes and P-functional polymers. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:4400-4405. [PMID: 35195141 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt00027j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis of a testbed of P-H functional diheterophospholane complexes (3 and 6a,b) with no or little steric bulk at the α-position was achieved using [NEt4][WH(CO)5] as a combined reductant and complexation reagent. Reaction with TEMPO leads to P-OTEMP substituted tungsten complexes (4 and 7a,b) possessing different thermostabilities towards N-O bond cleavage. The transient phosphanoxyl complexes obtained were used for the polymerisation of styrene and acrylonitrile. DFT calculations were performed on the formation of various open-shell complexes and Loewdin spin density distributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp C Brehm
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Anne S Müller-Feyen
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Gregor Schnakenburg
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Rainer Streubel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
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7
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Ura R, Tsurusaki A, Kamikawa K. Palladium(II) complexes of bis(diphosphene) with different coordination behaviors. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:2943-2952. [PMID: 35107100 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt03806k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Organophosphorus compounds possessing a P-P double-bond character are intriguing materials in coordination chemistry because it is possible to form a variety of coordination modes from the π-bond in addition to the lone pairs. We report herein the complexation of a new bidentate ligand, ethylene-tethered bis(binaphthyldiphosphene) (S,S)-2, with palladium(II) species. The reaction of (S,S)-2 with [Pd(π-allyl)(cod)](SbF6) and PdCl2(cod) afforded η1/η1-bis(diphosphene) complex 7 and η1-diphosphene/η2-phosphanylphosphide complex 8, respectively. The latter was characterized by a chloride migration from the palladium atom to a phosphorus atom due to the high electron-accepting character of the PP moiety. Theoretical calculations revealed the migration process and nature of complex 8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikako Ura
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan.
| | - Akihiro Tsurusaki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan.
| | - Ken Kamikawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan.
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8
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Kundu S, Das B, Makol A. Phosphorus radicals and radical ions. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:12404-12426. [DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01499h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis and characterization of isolable radicals of main-group elements have been a long-pursued quest. Although there has been considerable progress in this area, particularly in isolating carbon- radicals, the isolation...
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9
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Ritter C, Hänisch C. Bis(amido)diazadiarsetidinide and Amido(imino)arsenide Complexes of Divalent Metals. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Ritter
- Department of Chemistry Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Carsten Hänisch
- Department of Chemistry Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35032 Marburg Germany
- Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften (WZMW) Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Straße 6 35032 Marburg Germany
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10
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Rummel L, Lassandro G, Seidl M, Timoshkin AY, Scheer M. Reactivity of the pentelidene complexes [Cp*E{W(CO) 5} 2] (E = P, As) towards dichalcogenides and chalcogenols - synthesis of novel chalcogenopentelidene complexes. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:12648-12654. [PMID: 34545886 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt01866c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Pentelidene complexes of the type [Cp*E{W(CO)5}2] (Cp* = C5Me5; 1a: E = P, 1b: E = As) were reacted with the dichalcogenides R2Ch2 (R = Ph, Mes, Tipp; Ch = S, Se, Te; Mes = 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl; Tipp = 2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl) and the chalcogenols PhChH (Ch = S, Se). It has been shown that the formation of new E-Ch bonds proceeds under elimination of the Cp* substituent. The resulting chalcogenopentelidene complexes, which have been isolated and fully characterised, represent a novel class of phosphinidene complexes which can be synthesised through this general synthetic route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Rummel
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitaetsstrasse 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Giuliano Lassandro
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitaetsstrasse 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Michael Seidl
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitaetsstrasse 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Alexey Y Timoshkin
- Institute of Chemistry, St Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya emb. 7/9, 199034 St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitaetsstrasse 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany.
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Helling C, Schulz S. Long‐Lived Radicals of the Heavier Group 15 Elements Arsenic, Antimony, and Bismuth. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Helling
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg‐Essen (CENIDE) University of Duisburg‐Essen Universitätsstraße 5‐7 45141 Essen Germany
| | - Stephan Schulz
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg‐Essen (CENIDE) University of Duisburg‐Essen Universitätsstraße 5‐7 45141 Essen Germany
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12
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Cui H, Xiao D, Zhang L, Ruan H, Fang Y, Zhao Y, Tan G, Zhao L, Frenking G, Driess M, Wang X. Isolable cyclic radical cations of heavy main-group elements. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:2167-2170. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc09582a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The first stable radical cations bearing both heavy group 14 and 15 elements have been isolated and fully characterized.
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13
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Chen C, Hu Z, Li J, Ruan H, Zhao Y, Tan G, Song Y, Wang X. Isolable Lanthanide Metal Complexes of a Phosphorus-Centered Radical. Inorg Chem 2019; 59:2111-2115. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b01950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhaobo Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Huapeng Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Gengwen Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - You Song
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xinping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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14
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Abbenseth J, Delony D, Neben MC, Würtele C, de Bruin B, Schneider S. Interconversion of Phosphinyl Radical and Phosphinidene Complexes by Proton Coupled Electron Transfer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:6338-6341. [PMID: 30840783 PMCID: PMC6519162 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201901470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The isolable complex [Os(PHMes*)H(PNP)] (Mes*=2,4,6-t Bu3 C6 H3 ; PNP=N{CHCHPt Bu2 }2 ) exhibits high phosphinyl radical character. This compound offers access to the phosphinidene complex [Os(PMes*)H(PNP)] by P-H proton coupled electron transfer (PCET). The P-H bond dissociation energy (BDE) was determined by isothermal titration calorimetry and supporting DFT computations. The phosphinidene product exhibits electrophilic reactivity as demonstrated by intramolecular C-H activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josh Abbenseth
- Georg-August-Universität GöttingenInstitut für Anorganische ChemieTammannstraße 437077GöttingenGermany
| | - Daniel Delony
- Georg-August-Universität GöttingenInstitut für Anorganische ChemieTammannstraße 437077GöttingenGermany
| | - Marc C. Neben
- Georg-August-Universität GöttingenInstitut für Anorganische ChemieTammannstraße 437077GöttingenGermany
| | - Christian Würtele
- Georg-August-Universität GöttingenInstitut für Anorganische ChemieTammannstraße 437077GöttingenGermany
| | - Bas de Bruin
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS)University of Amsterdam (UvA)Science Park 9041098XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Sven Schneider
- Georg-August-Universität GöttingenInstitut für Anorganische ChemieTammannstraße 437077GöttingenGermany
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15
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Piesch M, Seidl M, Stubenhofer M, Scheer M. Ring Expansions of Nonpolar Polyphosphorus Rings. Chemistry 2019; 25:6311-6316. [PMID: 30882943 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201901149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of the phosphinidene complex [Cp*P{W(CO)5 }2 ] (1 a) (Cp*=C5 Me5 ) with the anionic cyclo-Pn ligand complex [(η3 -P3 )Nb(ODipp)3 ]- (2, Dipp=2,6-diisopropylphenyl) resulted in the formation of [{W(CO)5 }2 {μ3 ,η3:1:1 -P4 Cp*}Nb(ODipp)3 ]- (3), which represents an unprecedented example of a ring expansion of a polyphosphorus-ligand complex initiated by a phosphinidene complex. Furthermore, the reaction of the pnictinidene complexes [Cp*E{W(CO)5 }2 ] (E=P: 1 a, As: 1 b) with the neutral complex [Cp'''Co(η4 -P4 )] (Cp'''=1,2,4-tBu3 C5 H2 ) led to a cyclo-P4 E ring (E=P, As) through the insertion of the pentel atom into the cyclo-P4 ligand. Starting from 1 a, the two isomers [Cp'''Co(μ3 ,η4:1:1 -P5 Cp*){W(CO)5 }2 ] (5 a,b), and from 1 b, the three isomers [Cp'''Co(μ3 ,η4:1:1 -AsP4 Cp*){W(CO)5 }2 ] (6 a-c) with unprecedented cyclo-P4 E ligands (E=P, As) were isolated. The complexes 6 a-c represent unique examples of ring expansions which lead to new mixed five-membered cyclo-P4 As ligands. The possible reaction pathways for the formation of 5 a,b and 6 a-c were investigated by a combination of temperature-dependent 31 P{1 H} NMR studies and DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Piesch
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michael Seidl
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Markus Stubenhofer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
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16
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Abbenseth J, Delony D, Neben MC, Würtele C, de Bruin B, Schneider S. Interconversion of Phosphinyl Radical and Phosphinidene Complexes by Proton Coupled Electron Transfer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201901470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Josh Abbenseth
- Georg-August-Universität GöttingenInstitut für Anorganische Chemie Tammannstraße 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Daniel Delony
- Georg-August-Universität GöttingenInstitut für Anorganische Chemie Tammannstraße 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Marc C. Neben
- Georg-August-Universität GöttingenInstitut für Anorganische Chemie Tammannstraße 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Christian Würtele
- Georg-August-Universität GöttingenInstitut für Anorganische Chemie Tammannstraße 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Bas de Bruin
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS)University of Amsterdam (UvA) Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Sven Schneider
- Georg-August-Universität GöttingenInstitut für Anorganische Chemie Tammannstraße 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
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17
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Wang W, Xu CQ, Fang Y, Zhao Y, Li J, Wang X. An Isolable Diphosphene Radical Cation Stabilized by Three-Center Three-Electron π-Bonding with Chromium: End-On versus Side-On Coordination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201805115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Cong-Qiao Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
| | - Yong Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
| | - Xinping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 China
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18
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Wang W, Xu CQ, Fang Y, Zhao Y, Li J, Wang X. An Isolable Diphosphene Radical Cation Stabilized by Three-Center Three-Electron π-Bonding with Chromium: End-On versus Side-On Coordination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:9419-9424. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201805115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Cong-Qiao Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
| | - Yong Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
| | - Xinping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 China
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19
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Fang Y, Zhang L, Cheng C, Zhao Y, Abe M, Tan G, Wang X. Experimental Observation of Thermally Excited Triplet States of Heavier Group 15 Element Centered Diradical Dianions. Chemistry 2018; 24:3156-3160. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201706060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Manabu Abe
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science; Hiroshima University; 1-3-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima Japan
| | - Gengwen Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Xinping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
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20
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Li T, Tan G, Cheng C, Zhao Y, Zhang L, Wang X. Syntheses, structures and theoretical calculations of stable triarylarsine radical cations. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:1493-1496. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc09544a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two stable triarylarsine radical cation salts have been synthesized and fully characterized by X-ray crystallography and EPR spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
| | - Gengwen Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
| | - Cheng Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
| | - Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
| | - Xinping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
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21
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Tan G, Li J, Zhang L, Chen C, Zhao Y, Wang X, Song Y, Zhang YQ, Driess M. The Charge Transfer Approach to Heavier Main-Group Element Radicals in Transition-Metal Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:12741-12745. [PMID: 28801962 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201707501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The CoII and FeII complexes 1Co and 1Fe with a coordinated phosphorus radical were easily obtained through a charge-transfer approach from the MI precursors LMI (tol) (M=Co, Fe; L=CH(MeC=NDipp)2 , Dipp=2,6-iPr2 C6 H3 ) to the diazafluorenylidene-substituted phosphaalkene 1. Structural, magnetic, and computational studies on 1Co and 1Fe indicate a weak antiferromagnetic interaction between the high-spin MII ion and the phosphorus radical, resulting in a triplet and quartet ground state, respectively. Complexes 1Co and 1Fe are the first examples of phosphorus-radical-coordinated transition-metal complexes synthesized by charge transfer, providing a new approach to access radicals of heavier main-group elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gengwen Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Chao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xinping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - You Song
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yi-Quan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for NSLSCS, School of Physical Science and Technology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Matthias Driess
- Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic Materials, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany
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22
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Tan G, Li J, Zhang L, Chen C, Zhao Y, Wang X, Song Y, Zhang Y, Driess M. The Charge Transfer Approach to Heavier Main‐Group Element Radicals in Transition‐Metal Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201707501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gengwen Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Chao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Xinping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - You Song
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Yi‐Quan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for NSLSCS School of Physical Science and Technology Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Matthias Driess
- Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic Materials Technische Universität Berlin Strasse des 17. Juni 135 10623 Berlin Germany
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23
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Gu L, Zheng Y, Haldón E, Goddard R, Bill E, Thiel W, Alcarazo M. α-Radical Phosphines: Synthesis, Structure, and Reactivity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201704185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lianghu Gu
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie; Georg-August-Universität Göttingen; Tammannstr 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Yiying Zheng
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung; Kaiser Wilhelm Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Estela Haldón
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung; Kaiser Wilhelm Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Richard Goddard
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung; Kaiser Wilhelm Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Eckhard Bill
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion; Stiftstrasse 34-36 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Walter Thiel
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung; Kaiser Wilhelm Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Manuel Alcarazo
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie; Georg-August-Universität Göttingen; Tammannstr 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
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24
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Gu L, Zheng Y, Haldón E, Goddard R, Bill E, Thiel W, Alcarazo M. α-Radical Phosphines: Synthesis, Structure, and Reactivity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:8790-8794. [PMID: 28544330 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201704185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A series of phosphines featuring a persistent radical were synthesized in two steps by condensation of dialkyl-/diarylchlorophosphines with stable cyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbenes (cAACs) followed by one-electron reduction of the corresponding cationic intermediates. Structural, spectroscopic, and computational data indicate that the spin density in these phosphines is mainly localized on the original carbene carbon from the cAAC fragment; thus, it remains in the α-position with respect to the central phosphorus atom. The potential of these α-radical phosphines to serve as spin-labeled ligands is demonstrated through the preparation of several AuI derivatives, which were also structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianghu Gu
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstr 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Yiying Zheng
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser Wilhelm Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Estela Haldón
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser Wilhelm Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Richard Goddard
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser Wilhelm Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Eckhard Bill
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Walter Thiel
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser Wilhelm Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Manuel Alcarazo
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstr 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
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25
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Melaimi M, Jazzar R, Soleilhavoup M, Bertrand G. Cyclische Alkylaminocarbene (CAACs): Neues von guten Bekannten. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201702148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohand Melaimi
- UCSD-CNRS Joint Research Chemistry Laboratory, UMI 3555, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, San Diego La Jolla CA 92093-0358 USA
| | - Rodolphe Jazzar
- UCSD-CNRS Joint Research Chemistry Laboratory, UMI 3555, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, San Diego La Jolla CA 92093-0358 USA
| | - Michèle Soleilhavoup
- UCSD-CNRS Joint Research Chemistry Laboratory, UMI 3555, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, San Diego La Jolla CA 92093-0358 USA
| | - Guy Bertrand
- UCSD-CNRS Joint Research Chemistry Laboratory, UMI 3555, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, San Diego La Jolla CA 92093-0358 USA
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26
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Melaimi M, Jazzar R, Soleilhavoup M, Bertrand G. Cyclic (Alkyl)(amino)carbenes (CAACs): Recent Developments. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:10046-10068. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201702148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 507] [Impact Index Per Article: 72.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohand Melaimi
- UCSD-CNRS Joint Research Chemistry Laboratory, UMI 3555, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, San Diego La Jolla CA 92093-0358 USA
| | - Rodolphe Jazzar
- UCSD-CNRS Joint Research Chemistry Laboratory, UMI 3555, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, San Diego La Jolla CA 92093-0358 USA
| | - Michèle Soleilhavoup
- UCSD-CNRS Joint Research Chemistry Laboratory, UMI 3555, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, San Diego La Jolla CA 92093-0358 USA
| | - Guy Bertrand
- UCSD-CNRS Joint Research Chemistry Laboratory, UMI 3555, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, San Diego La Jolla CA 92093-0358 USA
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27
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Asami SS, Ishida S, Iwamoto T, Suzuki K, Yamashita M. Isolation and Characterization of Radical Anions Derived from a Boryl-Substituted Diphosphene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:1658-1662. [PMID: 28106347 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201611762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Radical anions of a diphosphene with two boryl substituents were isolated and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, electron spin resonance (ESR), and UV/Vis absorption spectroscopy as well as DFT calculations. Structural analysis of the radical anions revealed an elongation of the P=P bond and a contraction of the B-P bonds relative to the neutral diphosphene. The UV/Vis spectra of these radical anions showed a strong absorption in the visible region, which was assigned to SOMO-related transitions on the basis of DFT calculations. The ESR spectra revealed that the hyperfine coupling constant with the phosphorus nuclei is the smallest that has been reported thus far. The results of the DFT calculations furthermore suggest that this should be attributed to a soaking of electron spin to the vacant p orbitals of the boryl substituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Suke Asami
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8551, Japan
| | - Shintaro Ishida
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Takeaki Iwamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Katsunori Suzuki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8551, Japan
| | - Makoto Yamashita
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8603, Japan.,Research Development Initiative, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, T, okyo, 112-8551, Japan
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28
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Asami SS, Ishida S, Iwamoto T, Suzuki K, Yamashita M. Isolation and Characterization of Radical Anions Derived from a Boryl-Substituted Diphosphene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201611762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shun-suke Asami
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Faculty of Science and Engineering; Chuo University; 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 112-8551 Japan
| | - Shintaro Ishida
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Tohoku University; Sendai 980-8578 Japan
| | - Takeaki Iwamoto
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Tohoku University; Sendai 980-8578 Japan
| | - Katsunori Suzuki
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Faculty of Science and Engineering; Chuo University; 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 112-8551 Japan
| | - Makoto Yamashita
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Nagoya University; Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya Aichi 464-8603 Japan
- Research Development Initiative; Chuo University; 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, T okyo 112-8551 Japan
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29
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30
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Fischbach U, Trincado M, Grützmacher H. Oxidative formation of phosphinyl radicals from a trigonal pyramidal terminal phosphide Rh(i) complex, with an unusually long Rh–P bond. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:3443-3448. [PMID: 28217796 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt00070g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A coordinatively saturated triolefinic rhodium(i) complex, bearing a terminal pyramidal phosphido ligand, generates phosphinyl radical species under oxidative conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M. Trincado
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences
- ETH Zürich
- 8093 Zürich
- Switzerland
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31
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Raut RK, Majumdar M. Direct coordination of a germanium(ii) dicationic center to transition metals. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:1467-1469. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc09525a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A group 14 E(ii) dicationic center effortlessly coordinates to transition metal centers, demonstrating as an efficient cationic ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravindra K. Raut
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research
- Pune-411008
- India
| | - Moumita Majumdar
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research
- Pune-411008
- India
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32
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Li T, Wei H, Fang Y, Wang L, Chen S, Zhang Z, Zhao Y, Tan G, Wang X. Elusive Antimony-Centered Radical Cations: Isolation, Characterization, Crystal Structures, and Reactivity Studies. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201610334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Houjia Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Yong Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Sheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Zaichao Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Huaiyin Normal University; Huai'an 223300 China
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Gengwen Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Xinping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 China
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33
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Li T, Wei H, Fang Y, Wang L, Chen S, Zhang Z, Zhao Y, Tan G, Wang X. Elusive Antimony-Centered Radical Cations: Isolation, Characterization, Crystal Structures, and Reactivity Studies. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 56:632-636. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201610334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Houjia Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Yong Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Sheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Zaichao Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Huaiyin Normal University; Huai'an 223300 China
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Gengwen Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Xinping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 China
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34
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Hinz A, Schulz A, Villinger A. Synthesis of a Molecule with Four Different Adjacent Pnictogens. Chemistry 2016; 22:12266-9. [PMID: 27377437 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of a molecule containing four adjacent different pnictogens was attempted by conversion of a Group 15 allyl analogue anion [Mes*NAsPMes*](-) (Mes*=2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenyl) with antimony(III) chloride. A suitable precursor is Mes*N(H)AsPMes* (1) for which several syntheses were investigated. The anions afforded by deprotonation of Mes*N(H)AsPMes* were found to be labile and, therefore, salts could not be isolated. However, the in situ generated anions could be quenched with SbCl3 , yielding Mes*N(SbCl2 )AsPMes* (4).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Hinz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Axel Schulz
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 3a, 18059, Rostock, Germany. .,Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany.
| | - Alexander Villinger
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 3a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
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35
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Tan G, Li S, Chen S, Sui Y, Zhao Y, Wang X. Isolable Diphosphorus-Centered Radical Anion and Diradical Dianion. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:6735-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b04081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gengwen Tan
- State
Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures and ‡Center of Modern
Analysis, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P.R. China
| | - Shuyu Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures and ‡Center of Modern
Analysis, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P.R. China
| | - Sheng Chen
- State
Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures and ‡Center of Modern
Analysis, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P.R. China
| | - Yunxia Sui
- State
Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures and ‡Center of Modern
Analysis, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P.R. China
| | - Yue Zhao
- State
Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures and ‡Center of Modern
Analysis, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P.R. China
| | - Xinping Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures and ‡Center of Modern
Analysis, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P.R. China
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36
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Kirst C, Bode BE, Cordes DB, Nejman PS, Slawin AMZ, Karaghiosoff K, Woollins JD. Diphosphane 2,2'-binaphtho[1,8-de][1,3,2]dithiaphosphinine and the easy formation of a stable phosphorus radical cation. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:6348-51. [PMID: 26988270 DOI: 10.1039/c6dt00304d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A convenient synthesis route to 2,2'-binaphtho[1,8-de][1,3,2]di-thiaphosphinine () was found. Its stable radical cation 3˙(+) was accessed easily through one-electron oxidation with NOBF4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christin Kirst
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Butenandtstr. 5-13 (D), 81377 Munich, Germany.
| | - Bela E Bode
- EastCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK.
| | - David B Cordes
- EastCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK.
| | - Phillip S Nejman
- EastCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK.
| | | | - Konstantin Karaghiosoff
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Butenandtstr. 5-13 (D), 81377 Munich, Germany.
| | - J Derek Woollins
- EastCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK.
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37
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Seidl M, Weinzierl R, Timoshkin AY, Scheer M. Insight into the Reaction of a Dinuclear Phosphinidene Complex with Nitriles. Chemistry 2016; 22:5484-8. [PMID: 26887793 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201504954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The phosphinidene complex [Cp*P{W(CO)5}2] (1; Cp*=C5 Me5 ) reacted with malononitrile to give the 1,2-dihydro-1,3,2-diazaphosphinine derivative 2. The reaction of 1 with 1,4-benzodinitrile gave [1,4-{{W(CO)5}2 P-N=C(Cp*)}2 (C6 H4)] (3), the first example of a cumulene-like aminophosphinidene complex. The reaction of 1 with aniline gave the aminophosphinidene complex [(Ph)N(H)P{W(CO)5}2] (4). To compare the reactivity of benzonitrile and aniline with 1, the phosphinidene complex 1 was reacted with three different isomers of aminobenzonitrile (2-, 3-, and 4-aminobenzonitrile). These reactions gave an insight into the reaction pathway of 1 with benzonitrile derivatives. Compounds 5, 6 a, 6 b, and 7, which are derivatives of 1,2-dihydro-1,3,2-diazaphosphinine or benzo-2H-1,2-azaphospholes, were, as well as all other products, characterized by mass spectrometry, NMR and IR spectroscopy, and X-ray structure analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Seidl
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Rudolf Weinzierl
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Alexey Y Timoshkin
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., 199034, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany.
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38
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Donath M, Hennersdorf F, Weigand JJ. Recent highlights in mixed-coordinate oligophosphorus chemistry. Chem Soc Rev 2016; 45:1145-72. [PMID: 26853380 DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00682a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This review aims to highlight and comprehensively summarize recent developments in the field of mixed-coordinate phosphorus chemistry. Particular attention is focused on the synthetic approaches to compounds containing at least two directly bonded phosphorus atoms in different coordination environments and their unexpected properties that are derived from spectroscopic and crystallographic data. Novel substance classes are discussed in order to supplement previous reviews about mixed-coordinate phosphorus compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Donath
- Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, TU Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany.
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39
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Schwedtmann K, Schulz S, Hennersdorf F, Strassner T, Dmitrieva E, Weigand JJ. Synthesis and EPR/UV/Vis-NIR Spectroelectrochemical Investigation of a Persistent Phosphanyl Radical Dication. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201502737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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40
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Schwedtmann K, Schulz S, Hennersdorf F, Strassner T, Dmitrieva E, Weigand JJ. Synthesis and EPR/UV/Vis-NIR spectroelectrochemical investigation of a persistent phosphanyl radical dication. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:11054-8. [PMID: 26235601 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201502737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of the bis(imidazoliumyl)-substituted P(I) cation [(2-Im(Dipp) )P(4-Im(Dipp) )](+) (10(+) ) (2-Im=imidazolium-2-yl; 4-Im=imidazolium-4-yl; Dipp=2,6-di-isopropylphenyl) with trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (HOTf) or methyl trifluoromethylsulfonate (MeOTf) yields the corresponding protonated [(2-Im(Dipp) )PH(4-Im(Dipp) )](2+) (11(2+) ) and methylated [(2-Im(Dipp) )PMe(4-Im(Dipp) )](2+) (12(2+) ) dications, respectively. EPR/UV/Vis-NIR spectroelectrochemical investigation of the low-coordinated P(I) cation 10(+) predicted a stable and "bottleable" P-centered radical dication [(2-Im(Dipp) )P(4-Im(Dipp) )](2+.) (13(2+.) ). The reaction of 10(+) with the nitrosyl salt NO[OTf] yields the persistent phosphanyl radical dication 13(2+.) as triflate salt in crystalline form. Quantum chemical investigation revealed an exceptional high spin density at the P atom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Schwedtmann
- TU Dresden, Professur für Anorganische Molekülchemie, 01062 Dresden (Germany)
| | - Stephen Schulz
- TU Dresden, Professur für Anorganische Molekülchemie, 01062 Dresden (Germany)
| | - Felix Hennersdorf
- TU Dresden, Professur für Anorganische Molekülchemie, 01062 Dresden (Germany)
| | - Thomas Strassner
- TU Dresden, Professur für Physikalische Organische Chemie, 01062 Dresden (Germany)
| | - Evgenia Dmitrieva
- Leibniz-Institut für Festkörper- und Werkstoffforschung Dresden, 01069 Dresden (Germany)
| | - Jan J Weigand
- TU Dresden, Professur für Anorganische Molekülchemie, 01062 Dresden (Germany).
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41
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Witwicki M. Theoretical Characterisation of Phosphinyl Radicals and Their Magnetic Properties: g Matrix. Chemphyschem 2015; 16:1912-25. [PMID: 25873130 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201500121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The g matrices (g tensors) of various phosphinyl radicals (R2 P(.) ) were calculated using the DFT and multireference configuration interaction (MRCI) methods. The g matrices were distinctly dependent on the molecular structure of the radical. To thoroughly examine this dependence, the contributions from individual atoms and excited states were calculated. The former revealed the gain from the phosphorus atom to be preeminent unless PO or PS bonds are present in the radical molecule. The contributions owing to excited states arising from electronic transitions between doubly occupied molecular orbitals and the SOMO were clearly positive, as in the case of semiquinone and niroxide radicals. The transitions from the phosphorus lone pair were of paramount importance. Surprisingly, unlike for semiquinones and nitroxides, a significant negative contribution was observed from excitations from the SOMO to unoccupied molecular orbitals. For radicals with PO bonds, this contribution to the g2 component was dominant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Witwicki
- Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University, 14 F. Joliot-Curie St., Wroclaw 50-283 (Poland).
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42
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Pan X, Wang X, Zhang Z, Wang X. Two phosphaalkene radical cations with inverse spin density distributions. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:15099-102. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt00656b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two phosphaalkene radical cations have been made by using a weakly coordinating anion, and they exhibit inverse spin density distributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
| | - Xingyong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
| | - Zaichao Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Huaiyin Normal University
- Huai'an 223300
- China
| | - Xinping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
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43
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Sugamata K. Kinetically Stabilized Organophosphorus Radicals. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2015. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.73.276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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44
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Pan X, Wang X, Zhao Y, Sui Y, Wang X. A Crystalline Phosphaalkene Radical Anion. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:9834-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ja504001x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Pan
- State
Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, and ‡Centre of Modern Analysis, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Xingyong Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, and ‡Centre of Modern Analysis, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- State
Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, and ‡Centre of Modern Analysis, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yunxia Sui
- State
Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, and ‡Centre of Modern Analysis, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Xinping Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, and ‡Centre of Modern Analysis, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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45
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Su Y, Zheng X, Wang X, Zhang X, Sui Y, Wang X. Two Stable Phosphorus-Containing Four-Membered Ring Radical Cations with Inverse Spin Density Distributions. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:6251-4. [DOI: 10.1021/ja502675d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanting Su
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination
Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Xin Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination
Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Xingyong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination
Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination
Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yunxia Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination
Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Xinping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination
Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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46
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Dixon LSH, Allen LK, Less RJ, Wright DS. Direct access to [(Mes*P)2As](-), a 1,3-diphosphaarsa-2-allyl anion, isoelectronic with the allyl anion (Mes* = 2,4,6-(t)Bu3C6H2). Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:3007-9. [PMID: 24513788 DOI: 10.1039/c3cc49627a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of As(NMe2)3 with Mes*PHLi provides a direct source of the 1,3-diphosphaarsa-2-allyl anion, [(Mes*P)2As](-) (isoelectronic with the allyl anion). The equilibrium between the E,E and E,Z isomers of this anion depends on the extent of Li(+) ion-pairing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lily S H Dixon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK.
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47
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Seidl M, Schiffer M, Bodensteiner M, Timoshkin AY, Scheer M. Reactivity of bridged pentelidene complexes with isonitriles: a new way to pentel-containing heterocycles. Chemistry 2013; 19:13783-91. [PMID: 24038598 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201301928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of [Cp*E{W(CO)5 }2 ] (E=P (1 a), As (1 b); Cp*=1,2,3,4,5-pentamethylcyclopentadienyl) with isonitriles RNC (R=tBu, cyclohexyl (Cy), nBu) depends on the steric demand of the substituent at the isonitrile as well as on the stoichiometry of the starting materials. With tBuNC only the Lewis acid/base adducts [Cp*E{W(CO)5 }2 (CNtBu)] (E=P (2 a), As (2 b)) are formed. The use of Cy and n-butylisonitrile leads first to the formation of the Lewis acid/base adduct, but only at low temperatures. At ambient temperatures, a rearrangement occurs and bicyclo[3.2.0]heptane derivatives of the type [{C(Me)C(CH2 )C(Me)C(Me)C(Me)}C(NR)- E{W(CO)5 }2 ] (E=P, As; R=Cy, nBu) (3 a-Cy, 3 b-Cy, 3 a-nBu and 3 b-nBu) are obtained. The use of a further equivalent of isonitrile results in products revealing two new structural motifs, the four-membered ring derivatives [C(Cp*)N(R)C(NR)E{W(CO)5 }2 ] (4: E=P, As; R=Cy, nBu) and the bicyclic complexes [[{C(Me)C- (CH2 )C(Me)C(Me)C(Me)}C(NR)2 - E{W(CO)5 }2 ] (5: E=As; R=Cy). The reaction pathway depends on the substituent at the isonitrile. By treatment of 1 a with two equivalents of CyNC only a 2H-1,3-azaphosphet complex 4 a-Cy (E=P; R=Cy) is formed. Treatment of 1 b with two equivalents of CyNC exclusively leads to the complex 5 b-Cy (E=As; R=Cy). Treatment of 1 a with two equivalents of nBuNC results in a mixture of complexes, the 2H-1,3-azaphosphet 4 a-nBu (E=P; R=nBu) and the bicyclic complex 5 a-nBu (E=P; R=nBu). For the arsenidene complex 1 b a mixture of the 2H-1,3-azarsete complex 4 b-nBu (E=As; R=nBu) and the bicyclic complex 5 b-nBu (E=P, As; R=Cy, nBu) is obtained. Complex 4 b-nBu is the first example of a 2H-1,3-azarsete complex. All products have been characterized by using mass spectrometry, NMR spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Seidl
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg (Germany), Fax: (+49) 941-943-4439
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48
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Holthausen MH, Surmiak SK, Jerabek P, Frenking G, Weigand JJ. [3+2] Fragmentation of an [RP5Cl]+Cage Cation Induced by an N-Heterocyclic Carbene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:11078-82. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201302914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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49
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Holthausen MH, Surmiak SK, Jerabek P, Frenking G, Weigand JJ. [3+2] Fragmentation of an [RP5Cl]+Cage Cation Induced by an N-Heterocyclic Carbene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201302914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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50
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Martin CD, Soleilhavoup M, Bertrand G. Carbene-Stabilized Main Group Radicals and Radical Ions. Chem Sci 2013; 4:3020-3030. [PMID: 23878717 PMCID: PMC3714118 DOI: 10.1039/c3sc51174j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 405] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Shortly after their discovery at the end of the 80s, stable singlet carbenes have been recognized as excellent ligands for transition metal based catalysts, and as organo-catalysts in their own right. At the end of the 2000s, it has been shown that they can coordinate main group elements in their zero oxidation state, and even activate small molecules. This review covers examples in the literature dealing with the most recent application of stable singlet carbenes, namely their use to stabilize radicals and radical ions that are otherwise unstable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleb D. Martin
- Joint CNRS-UCSD Research Laboratory (UMI 3555), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0358
| | - Michele Soleilhavoup
- Joint CNRS-UCSD Research Laboratory (UMI 3555), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0358
| | - Guy Bertrand
- Joint CNRS-UCSD Research Laboratory (UMI 3555), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0358
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