1
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Yuan Y, Yang M, Kloß SD, Attfield JP. A New Family of High Oxidation State Antiperovskite Nitrides: La 3MN 5 (M=Cr, Mn and Mo). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202405498. [PMID: 38651652 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202405498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Three new nitrides La3MN5 (M=Cr, Mn, and Mo) have been synthesized using a high pressure azide route. These are the first examples of ternary Cs3CoCl5-type nitrides, and show that this (MN4)NLa3 antiperovskite structure type may be used to stabilise high oxidation-state transition metals in tetrahedral molecular [MN4]n- nitridometallate anions. Magnetic measurements confirm that Cr and Mo are in the M6+ state, but the M=Mn phase has an anomalously small paramagnetic moment and large cell volume. Neutron powder diffraction data are fitted using an anion-excess La3MnN5.30 model (space group I4/mcm, a=6.81587(9) Å and c=11.22664(18) Å at 200 K) in which Mn is close to the +7 state. Excess-anion incorporation into Cs3CoCl5-type materials has not been previously reported, and this or other substitution mechanisms may enable many other high oxidation state transition metal nitrides to be prepared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Yuan
- Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions and School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Peter Guthrie Tait Road, EH9 3FD, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Minghui Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, 116024, Dalian, China
| | - Simon D Kloß
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - J Paul Attfield
- Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions and School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Peter Guthrie Tait Road, EH9 3FD, Edinburgh, UK
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2
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Engelsberger FM, Chau TG, Bräuniger T, Schnick W. Ammonothermal Synthesis and Solid-State NMR Study of the Imidonitridosilicate Rb 3Si 6N 5(NH) 6. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202401238. [PMID: 38655832 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The imidonitridosilicate Rb3Si6N5(NH)6, being only the second representative of this compound class, was synthesized ammonothermally at 870 K and 230 MPa. Its crystal structure was solved from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data. The imidonitridosilicate crystallizes isotypically with the respective potassium compound in space group P4132 with the lattice parameter a=10.9422(4) Å forming a three-dimensional imidonitridosilicate tetrahedra network with voids for the rubidium ions. The structure model and the presence of the imide groups were verified by Fourier-Transform infrared (FTIR) and magic-angle spinning (MAS) NMR spectroscopy, using cross polarization 15N{1H} and 29Si{1H} MAS NMR experiments. Rb3Si6N5(NH)6 represents a possible intermediate during the ammonothermal synthesis of nitridosilicates. The characterization of such intermediates improves the understanding of the reaction pathway from ammonothermal solutions to nitrides. Thus, the ammonothermal synthesis is an alternative approach to the well-established high-temperature synthesis leading to the compound class of nitridosilicates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian M Engelsberger
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Thanh G Chau
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Bräuniger
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schnick
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
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3
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Kitagawa Y, Ueda J, Tanabe S. A brief review of characteristic luminescence properties of Eu 3+ in mixed-anion compounds. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:8069-8092. [PMID: 38686957 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00191e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Trivalent europium (Eu3+) ions show red luminescence with sharp spectral lines owing to the intraconfigurational 4f-4f transitions. Because of their characteristic luminescence properties, various Eu3+-doped inorganic compounds have been developed to meet the demands of optoelectronic devices. Regardless of shielding by the outer 5s and 5p orbitals, the properties of the Eu3+:4f-4f transition depend on the local environment, such as the shapes of the coordination polyhedra, site symmetry, nephelauxetic effects, crystal field effects, and bonding character. Mixed-anion coordination, where multiple types of anions surround a single Eu3+ ion, can directly affect the optical properties of Eu3+. We review the luminescence properties of Eu3+ ions in mixed-anion compounds of the oxynitride YSiO2N and oxyhalides YOX (X = Cl or Br). Oxynitride and oxyhalide coordination results in characteristic transition probabilities and branching ratios of the 5D0 → 7F0-6 transitions due to distorted structural environments and red-shifted charge transfer excitation bands due to an upward shift of the valence band. The expected and experimentally observed features of Eu3+ luminescence in mixed-anion compounds are outlined based on band and Judd-Ofelt theories. Future applications of the intense red luminescence at ∼620 nm under near-ultraviolet light illumination in Eu3+-doped mixed-anion compounds are introduced, and material design guidelines for new functional Eu3+-doped phosphors are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuuki Kitagawa
- Nanomaterials Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 563-8577 Osaka, Japan.
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, 606-8501 Kyoto, Japan
| | - Jumpei Ueda
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, 606-8501 Kyoto, Japan
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Technology, Japan Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Nohmi, 923-1292 Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Setsuhisa Tanabe
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, 606-8501 Kyoto, Japan
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4
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You H, Huang X, Zhang X, Jin P, Xu Z, Zhai J, Gao F, Jia Y. A novel n-UV convertible colour-tunable emitting oxynitride phosphor: Realization based on Ce 3+ -Tb 3+ energy transfer. LUMINESCENCE 2024; 39:e4701. [PMID: 38441275 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
In the present work, a novel n-UV convertible colour-tunable emitting phosphor was obtained based on the efficient Ce3+ -Tb3+ energy transfer in the Y10 Al2 Si3 O18 N4 host. By properly controlling the ratio of Ce3+ /Tb3+ , the colour hue of the obtained powder covered the blue and green regions, under excitation of 365 nm. The steady-state and dynamic-state luminescence measurement was performed to shed light on the related mechanism, which was justified by the electronic dipole-quadrupole dominating the related energy transfer process. Preliminary studies showed that Y10 Al2 Si3 O18 N4 :Ce3+ ,Tb3+ can be promising as an inorganic phosphor for white LED applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan You
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Yanshan University, Hebei Street 438, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Xiaoyu Huang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Yanshan University, Hebei Street 438, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Xingda Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Yanshan University, Hebei Street 438, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Piaopiao Jin
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Yanshan University, Hebei Street 438, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Zhaopeng Xu
- The Key Laboratory for Special Fiber and Fiber Sensor of Hebei Province, School of Information Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Jing Zhai
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Yanshan University, Hebei Street 438, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Faming Gao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Yanshan University, Hebei Street 438, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Yongchao Jia
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Yanshan University, Hebei Street 438, Qinhuangdao, China
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5
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Mu Q, Wang XM, Pei T, Wang YY, Li W, Wang Y, Yang ZP, Jiao H. Zeolite-like Topology Oxonitridosilicate La 3.6Ba 1.7Si 5N 10O 2.1 with Potential Applications in Nonlinear Optical Materials. Inorg Chem 2023. [PMID: 37991326 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
A novel zeolite-like topology oxonitridosilicate La3.6Ba1.7Si5N10O2.1 with the space group Amm2 (no. 38) and lattice parameters a = 9.5193 (3) Å, b = 16.7011 (5) Å, c = 26.0279 (8) Å, and Z = 12 has been synthesized by a high-temperature solid-state reaction. The crystal structure of La3.6Ba1.7Si5N10O2.1 has four different kinds of tiling, and the cages in the structure are filled with La, Ba, and O atoms. The presence of a noncentrosymmetric space group further suggests its potential for nonlinear optical (NLO) applications, and La3.6Ba1.7Si5N10O2.1 demonstrated a stronger second-harmonic generation (SHG) response than that of SiO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Mu
- Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Ming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Tianyao Pei
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yan-Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Wen Li
- Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Yonggang Wang
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Beijing 100193, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zu-Pei Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Huan Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, Shaanxi, P. R. China
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6
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Yuan Y, Kloß SD, Attfield JP. Defect rocksalt structures in the La-Na-N system. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2023; 381:20220329. [PMID: 37634529 PMCID: PMC10460642 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2022.0329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Sodium azide (NaN3) is a versatile nitrogen source that can be used for the synthesis of new nitrides under high-pressure and temperature conditions. Reactions between lanthanum nitride (LaN) and sodium azide (NaN3) at 800°C under 8 GPa pressure have led to the discovery of two defect rocksalt phases which are the first reported ternaries in the La-Na-N system. Preliminary structure assignments have been made based on fits to powder X-ray diffraction profiles. One phase is La1-xNa3xN with vacancies at octahedral La sites and interstitial tetrahedral Na cations. This phase has a tetragonally distorted rocksalt structure (space group I4[Formula: see text]mmm, a = 3.8704(2) and c = 5.2098(3) Å for nominal x = 0.10) and the distortion decreases with increasing Na content (space group I4[Formula: see text]mmm, a = 3.8060(2) Å, c = 5.2470(3) Å for nominal x = 0.14), further giving a cubic phase (a = 5.3055(2) Å) for nominal x = 0.25. This coexists with another cubic [Formula: see text] phase (a = 5.1561 (5) Å), tentatively identified as rocksalt 'NaN1/3' stabilized by a small amount of La; NaLayN(1+3y)/3 with y ≈ 1%. These initial investigations reveal that the high-pressure La-Na-N phase diagram may be rich in defect rocksalt-type materials although further work using neutron diffraction will be needed to confirm the structures. This article is part of the theme issue 'Exploring the length scales, timescales and chemistry of challenging materials (Part 1)'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Yuan
- Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions and School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Peter Guthrie Tait Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, UK
| | - Simon D. Kloß
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - J. Paul Attfield
- Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions and School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Peter Guthrie Tait Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, UK
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7
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Günther D, Paulmann C, Oeckler O. Tracing the pathway toward decomposition: Crystal structure of Ag3(PO2NH)3 and K3(PO2NH)3 as a function of temperature. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2023.124009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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8
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Rießbeck KM, Wimmer DS, Seibald M, Baumann D, Wurst K, Heymann G, Huppertz H. Polymorphism and polymorph-dependent luminescence properties of the first lithium oxonitridolithosilicate Li 3SiNO 2:Eu 2. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:4900-4910. [PMID: 36943330 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt03921d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Building on studies of monoclinic Li3SiNO2, a polymorph, β-Li3SiNO2, with a previously unknown structure type was synthesized. The β-phase crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pbca (no. 61) with lattice parameters of a = 18.736(2), b = 11.1267(5), c = 5.0897(3) Å, and a cell volume of V = 1057.2(1) Å3. Using high-temperature solid-state reactions in sealed tantalum tubes, it was possible to obtain high purity samples (<5 wt% of side phase LiSi2N3 according to Rietveld analysis) containing exclusively one or the other polymorph, depending solely on the cooling rate. In contrast to the monoclinic phase, orthorhombic β-Li3SiNO2 additionally contains a third layer and shows a layer-sequence of the type ABCB. Doped with the activator ion Eu2+, the new polymorph exhibits an intense yellow emission (λmax = 586 nm, fwhm = 89 nm, 0.33 eV, 2650 cm-1) under irradiation with UV to blue light. Hence, the structural difference between the two polymorphs goes along with a significant blue-shift of 16 nm. The results from single-crystal diffraction and single-grain luminescence measurements were confirmed by Rietveld analysis of bulk samples and powder luminescence data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kilian M Rießbeck
- Department of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, Universität Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Daniel S Wimmer
- Department of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, Universität Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Markus Seibald
- ams-OSRAM International GmbH, Mittelstetter Weg 2, D-86830 Schwabmünchen, Germany
| | - Dominik Baumann
- ams-OSRAM International GmbH, Mittelstetter Weg 2, D-86830 Schwabmünchen, Germany
| | - Klaus Wurst
- Department of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, Universität Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Gunter Heymann
- Department of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, Universität Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Hubert Huppertz
- Department of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, Universität Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
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9
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Wimmer DS, Seibald M, Baumann D, Wurst K, Huppertz H. Li 2 Ba 4 Al 2 Ta 2 N 8 O, the First Barium Nitridoalumotantalate with BCT-Zeolite Type Structure. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202202448. [PMID: 36239983 PMCID: PMC10098606 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Single-crystals of Li2 Ba4 Al2 Ta2 N8 O:Eu2+ were synthesized from Ba3 N2 , Al2 O3 , Li3 N, Eu2 O3 , and lithium metal by a high-temperature solid-state reaction in a weld shut tantalum ampule. The crystal structure of Li2 Ba4 Al2 Ta2 N8 O was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and it crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pnnm (no. 58) with the lattice parameters a=1006.71(3), b=1026.58(3), c=607.10(2) pm, and a volume of V=0.62742(3) nm3 . The compound is built up from AlN4 and TaN4 tetrahedra, which form a three-dimensional network corresponding to the BCT-zeolite type structure. Li2 Ba4 Al2 Ta2 N8 O is homeotypic to Li2 Sr4 Si4 N8 O and Li2 Sr4 Al2 Ta2 N8 O but, additionally, it could be successfully doped with the activator ion Eu2+ and hence features an experimental observed overall emission at λmax =565 nm (fwhm=89 nm) consisting of a superposition of two adjusted emission bands at λmax =557 nm (fwhm=69 nm) and at λmax =604 nm (fwhm=102 nm).
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S Wimmer
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Markus Seibald
- ams-OSRAM International GmbH, Mittelstetter Weg 2, 86830, Schwabmünchen, Germany
| | - Dominik Baumann
- ams-OSRAM International GmbH, Mittelstetter Weg 2, 86830, Schwabmünchen, Germany
| | - Klaus Wurst
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Hubert Huppertz
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
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10
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Neodymium europium oxynitridosilicates of β-K2SO4 type: Structural, magnetic and red luminescence properties. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2022.123571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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11
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Kloβ S, Ritter C, Attfield JP. Neutron diffraction study of nitride perovskite LaReN3. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202200194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Kloβ
- Ludwig Maximillians University Munich: Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen chemistry GERMANY
| | | | - John Paul Attfield
- University of Edinburgh Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions Mayfield Road EH9 3JZ Edinburgh UNITED KINGDOM
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12
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Wang L, Sun D, Lyu Z, Shen S, Lu Z, Zhao H, Wang J, You H. A novel color-tunable nitride phosphor for near ultraviolet excitation of WLED. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200639. [PMID: 35932212 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Due to the diversity of structure and composition and the unique coordination environment, nitride materials enable the doped activator ions to possess compelling luminescence characteristics, such as rich emission colors, favorable stability and tunable emission spectra. Here, novel SrLuSi 4 N 7 :Ce 3+ ,Tb 3+ nitride phosphors were successfully synthesized by a modified carbothermal reduction and nitridation method at atmospheric pressure. SrLuSi 4 N 7 (SLSN) belongs to hexagonal symmetry, with space group P6 3 mc, and its crystal structure is composed of the basic building block with corner-sharing [SiN 4 ] tetrahedron. Under 365 nm excitation, SLSN:Ce 3+ exhibits a broad emission band peaking at 450 nm with a full width at half-maximum (FWHM) of 92 nm and the most forceful intensity obtained at the Ce 3+ concentration amount of 0.04. On the basis of the efficient energy transfer, SLSN:Ce 3+ ,Tb 3+ exhibits color-tunable emission from blue (450 nm) to green (545 nm). Our results indicate SLSN nitride phosphor is a promising candidate for use in near-ultraviolet (n-UV) based white LEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixuan Wang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ganjiang Innovation Academy of Sciences, CAS Road, 341000, Ganzhou, CHINA
| | - Dashuai Sun
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ganjiang Innovation Academy of Sciences, CHINA
| | - Zeyu Lyu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ganjiang Innovation Academy of Sciences, CHINA
| | - Sida Shen
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ganjiang Innovation Academy of Sciences, CHINA
| | - Zheng Lu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ganjiang Innovation Academy of Sciences, CHINA
| | - Hanwei Zhao
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ganjiang Innovation Academy of Sciences, CHINA
| | - Jianhui Wang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ganjiang Innovation Academy of Sciences, CHINA
| | - Hongpeng You
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, State key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, 5625 Renmin Street, 130022, Changchun, CHINA
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13
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Yoshimura F, Nagasako M, Yamane H. Synthesis, crystal structure, and photoluminescence of the new nitridoboroaluminosilicate phosphor (Sr0.93Eu0.07)11B2(Al0.275Si0.725)40N59. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2022.123222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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14
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Gamperl L, Strobel P, Schmidt PJ, Schnick W. Synthesis and Luminescence Properties of Amber Emitting La
7
Sr[Si
10
N
19
O
3
] : Eu
2+
and Syntheses of the Substitutional Variants
RE
8‐
x
AE
x
[Si
10
N
20‐
x
O
2+
x
] : Eu
2+
with
RE
=La, Ce;
AE
=Ca, Sr, Ba; 0≤
x
≤2. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200760. [PMID: 35446988 PMCID: PMC9322326 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The oxonitridosilicate La7Sr[Si10N19O3] : Eu2+ and its substitutional variants RE8‐xAEx[Si10N20‐xO2+x] : Eu2+ with RE=La, Ce; AE=Ca, Sr, Ba and 0≤x≤2 were synthesized starting from REN, SrN/Ca3N2/Ba2N, SiO2, amorphous Si3N4 and Eu2O3 as doping agent at 1600 °C in a radiofrequency furnace. The crystal structure of La7Sr[Si10N19O3] was solved and refined based on single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction data. La7Sr[Si10N19O3] crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pmn21 (no. 31). The crystal structures of the isotypic compounds RE8‐xAEx[Si10N20‐xO2+x] were confirmed by Rietveld refinements based on powder X‐ray diffraction data using the single‐crystal data of La7Sr[Si10N19O3] as starting point. Crystal structure elucidation reveals a 3D network of vertex sharing SiN4 and SiN2(N1/2‐x/4O1/2+x/4)2 (0≤x≤2) tetrahedra. When excited with UV to blue light, La7Sr[Si10N19O3] : Eu2+ shows amber luminescence with λem=612 nm and fwhm=84 nm/2194 cm−1, which makes it interesting for application in amber phosphor‐converted light emitting diodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Gamperl
- Department of Chemistry University of Munich (LMU) Butenandtstr. 5–13 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Philipp Strobel
- Lumileds Germany GmbH Lumileds Phosphor Center Aachen Philipsstr. 8 52068 Aachen Germany
| | - Peter J. Schmidt
- Lumileds Germany GmbH Lumileds Phosphor Center Aachen Philipsstr. 8 52068 Aachen Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schnick
- Department of Chemistry University of Munich (LMU) Butenandtstr. 5–13 81377 Munich Germany
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15
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Link L, Niewa R. Diversity in Nitridosilicate Chemistry: The Nitridoalumosilicate Ca
4
(AlSiN
5
) and the Nitridosilicate Silicide Ca
12
Si
4
[SiN
4
]. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202200004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Link
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry University of Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Rainer Niewa
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry University of Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
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16
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Closing the yellow gap with Eu- and Tb-doped GaN: one luminescent host resulting in three colours. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2503. [PMID: 35169148 PMCID: PMC8847369 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06148-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Gallium nitride (GaN) is a key material when it comes to light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and has pushed the LED revolution in lighting and displays. The concept of down-conversion of a GaN-based blue LED offers the possibility to provide efficient generation of monochromatic, high-color purity light resulting in a highly efficient warm-white all-nitride phosphor-converted light emitting diode (pc-LED). Although the down conversion of blue light from InGaN LEDs has become a dominant technique for producing white light, there are still some technical challenges, e.g. the immiscibility of GaN and InN and the lattice mismatch between the substrate and InGaN, that have to be overcome. Here we demonstrate the doping of bulk GaN with europium, terbium and the combination of both resulting in intriguing luminescence properties, pushing the role of GaN:Eu,Tb as a chief component in future light emitting diodes. This colour tuning proves that one luminescence host can provide three colours (red, green and orange) and that even the so called “yellow gap” could be closed with a III-nitride. By using one material for all colours, it will be possible to overcome the technical challenges in building up LED devices, which will open up new capabilities for modern highly efficient phosphors.
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17
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Baniya A, Gurung A, Pokharel J, Chen K, Pathak R, Lamsal BS, Ghimire N, Bobba RS, Rahman SI, Mabrouk S, Smirnova AL, Xu K, Qiao Q. Mitigating Interfacial Mismatch between Lithium Metal and Garnet-Type Solid Electrolyte by Depositing Metal Nitride Lithiophilic Interlayer. ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS 2022; 5:648-657. [PMID: 35098044 PMCID: PMC8790721 DOI: 10.1021/acsaem.1c03157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state lithium batteries are generally considered as the next-generation battery technology that benefits from inherent nonflammable solid electrolytes and safe harnessing of high-capacity lithium metal. Among various solid-electrolyte candidates, cubic garnet-type Li7La3Zr2O12 ceramics hold superiority due to their high ionic conductivity (10-3 to 10-4 S cm-1) and good chemical stability against lithium metal. However, practical deployment of solid-state batteries based on such garnet-type materials has been constrained by poor interfacing between lithium and garnet that displays high impedance and uneven current distribution. Herein, we propose a facile and effective strategy to significantly reduce this interfacial mismatch by modifying the surface of such garnet-type solid electrolyte with a thin layer of silicon nitride (Si3N4). This interfacial layer ensures an intimate contact with lithium due to its lithiophilic nature and formation of an intermediate lithium-metal alloy. The interfacial resistance experiences an exponential drop from 1197 to 84.5 Ω cm2. Lithium symmetrical cells with Si3N4-modified garnet exhibited low overpotential and long-term stable plating/stripping cycles at room temperature compared to bare garnet. Furthermore, a hybrid solid-state battery with Si3N4-modified garnet sandwiched between lithium metal anode and LiFePO4 cathode was demonstrated to operate with high cycling efficiency, excellent rate capability, and good electrochemical stability. This work represents a significant advancement toward use of garnet solid electrolytes in lithium metal batteries for the next-generation energy storage devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abiral Baniya
- Mechanical
and Aerospace Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Ashim Gurung
- Department
of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota 57007, United States
| | - Jyotshna Pokharel
- Department
of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota 57007, United States
| | - Ke Chen
- Department
of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota 57007, United States
| | - Rajesh Pathak
- Applied
Materials Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Buddhi Sagar Lamsal
- Department
of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota 57007, United States
| | - Nabin Ghimire
- Department
of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota 57007, United States
| | - Raja Sekhar Bobba
- Mechanical
and Aerospace Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Sheikh Ifatur Rahman
- Department
of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota 57007, United States
| | - Sally Mabrouk
- Mechanical
and Aerospace Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Alevtina L. Smirnova
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biological Sciences, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701, United States
| | - Kang Xu
- Battery
Science Branch, Sensor and Electron Devices Directorate, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, Maryland 20783, United States
| | - Quinn Qiao
- Mechanical
and Aerospace Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
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18
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Eisenburger L, Strobel P, Schmidt PJ, Bräuniger T, Wright J, Bright EL, Giacobbe C, Oeckler O, Schnick W. Nitridic Analogs of Micas
AE
Si
3
P
4
N
10
(NH)
2
(
AE
=Mg, Mg
0.94
Ca
0.06
, Ca, Sr). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202114902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucien Eisenburger
- Department of Chemistry University of Munich Butenandtstraße 5–13 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Philipp Strobel
- Lumileds Phosphor Center Aachen (LPCA) Lumileds (Germany) GmbH Philipsstraße 8 52068 Aachen Germany
| | - Peter J. Schmidt
- Lumileds Phosphor Center Aachen (LPCA) Lumileds (Germany) GmbH Philipsstraße 8 52068 Aachen Germany
| | - Thomas Bräuniger
- Department of Chemistry University of Munich Butenandtstraße 5–13 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Jonathan Wright
- ESRF, The European Synchrotron 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS40220 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9 France
| | | | - Carlotta Giacobbe
- ESRF, The European Synchrotron 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS40220 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9 France
| | - Oliver Oeckler
- Institute for Mineralogy, Crystallography and Materials Science Leipzig University Scharnhorststraße 20 04275 Leipzig Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schnick
- Department of Chemistry University of Munich Butenandtstraße 5–13 81377 Munich Germany
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19
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Ding J, Wu Q, Zhou X, Ye S. Design of a nitridoalumosilicate red phosphor synthesized under mild conditions. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:17503-17510. [DOI: 10.1039/d2dt03221j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A nitridoalumosilicate red phosphor Ca4SiAl3N7:Eu2+ was successfully synthesized at normal pressure and a low temperature (1350 °C).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyan Ding
- College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Longyan University, Longyan, Fujian, 364000, China
| | - Quansheng Wu
- College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Longyan University, Longyan, Fujian, 364000, China
| | - Xufeng Zhou
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, China
| | - Shanshan Ye
- College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Longyan University, Longyan, Fujian, 364000, China
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20
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Wimmer DS, Rießbeck KM, Seibald M, Baumann D, Wurst K, Heymann G, Huppertz H. The crystal structure and luminescence properties of the first lithium oxonitridolithosilicate Li 3SiNO 2:Eu 2+. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:16465-16478. [DOI: 10.1039/d2dt03064k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Obtained by a high temperature solid-state synthesis, the compound Li3SiNO2:Eu2+ was characterized via SCXRD, PXRD, and luminescence spectroscopy. This revealed a new structure type and interesting luminescence properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S. Wimmer
- Institut für Allgemeine, Anorganische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Kilian M. Rießbeck
- Institut für Allgemeine, Anorganische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Markus Seibald
- ams-OSRAM International GmbH, Mittelstetter Weg 2, D-86830 Schwabmünchen, Germany
| | - Dominik Baumann
- ams-OSRAM International GmbH, Mittelstetter Weg 2, D-86830 Schwabmünchen, Germany
| | - Klaus Wurst
- Institut für Allgemeine, Anorganische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gunter Heymann
- Institut für Allgemeine, Anorganische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Hubert Huppertz
- Institut für Allgemeine, Anorganische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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21
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Li RX, Wang X, Zhang SR, Gu X, Yang Z, Jiao H. Synthesis and luminescence properties of new nitridolithosilicate phosphor La4Ba3Li3Si9N19: Pr3+ grown in Li flux. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:4739-4742. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc00211f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Flux synthesis is an effective method to discover large crystals of new compounds. In this paper, the solid-state reaction in Li flux produced a new nitridolithosilicate La4Ba3Li3Si9N19 in orthorhombic space...
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22
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Braun C, Mereacre L, Chen Z, Slabon A, Vincent D, Rocquefelte X, Halet JF. Eu- and Tb-adsorbed Si 3N 4 and Ge 3N 4: tuning the colours with one luminescent host. RSC Adv 2022; 12:32318-32326. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ra04663f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The adsorption of europium and terbium at the grain boundaries of bulk β-Si3N4 and β-Ge3N4 and the synergic combination of both results in intriguing luminescence properties of all compounds (red, green, orange and yellow).
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Affiliation(s)
- Cordula Braun
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Applied Materials (IAM), Herrmann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Liuda Mereacre
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Applied Materials (IAM), Herrmann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Zheng Chen
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Adam Slabon
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Wuppertal, Gaussstr. 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - David Vincent
- Univ. Rennes – CNRS, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226, 35042 Rennes, France
| | - Xavier Rocquefelte
- Univ. Rennes – CNRS, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226, 35042 Rennes, France
| | - Jean-François Halet
- CNRS – Saint-Gobain – NIMS, IRL 3629, Laboratory for Innovative Key Materials and Structures (LINK), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
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23
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Elzer E, Weidemann M, Schnick W. Eu
3
Be
22
N
16
O: A Highly Condensed Oxonitridoberyllate. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Elzer
- Department of Chemistry University of Munich (LMU) Butenandtstrasse 5–13 (D) 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Martin Weidemann
- Department of Chemistry University of Munich (LMU) Butenandtstrasse 5–13 (D) 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schnick
- Department of Chemistry University of Munich (LMU) Butenandtstrasse 5–13 (D) 81377 Munich Germany
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24
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Eisenburger L, Strobel P, Schmidt PJ, Bräuniger T, Wright J, Bright EL, Giacobbe C, Oeckler O, Schnick W. Nitridic Analogs of Micas AESi 3 P 4 N 10 (NH) 2 (AE=Mg, Mg 0.94 Ca 0.06 , Ca, Sr). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202114902. [PMID: 34854523 PMCID: PMC9300002 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202114902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We present the first nitridic analogs of micas, namely AESi3P4N10(NH)2 (AE=Mg, Mg0.94Ca0.06, Ca, Sr), which were synthesized under high‐pressure high‐temperature conditions at 1400 °C and 8 GPa from the refractory nitrides P3N5 and Si3N4, the respective alkaline earth amides, implementing NH4F as a mineralizer. The crystal structure was elucidated by single‐crystal diffraction with microfocused synchrotron radiation, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopic (EDX) mapping with atomic resolution, powder X‐ray diffraction, and solid‐state NMR. The structures consist of typical tetrahedra–octahedra–tetrahedra (T‐O‐T) layers with P occupying T and Si occupying O layers, realizing the rare motif of sixfold coordinated silicon atoms in nitrides. The presence of H, as an imide group forming the SiN4(NH)2 octahedra, is confirmed by SCXRD, MAS‐NMR, and IR spectroscopy. Eu2+‐doped samples show tunable narrow‐band emission from deep blue to cyan (451–492 nm).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucien Eisenburger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Munich, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Philipp Strobel
- Lumileds Phosphor Center Aachen (LPCA), Lumileds (Germany) GmbH, Philipsstraße 8, 52068, Aachen, Germany
| | - Peter J Schmidt
- Lumileds Phosphor Center Aachen (LPCA), Lumileds (Germany) GmbH, Philipsstraße 8, 52068, Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas Bräuniger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Munich, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Jonathan Wright
- ESRF, The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS40220, 38043, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Eleanor Lawrence Bright
- ESRF, The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS40220, 38043, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Carlotta Giacobbe
- ESRF, The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS40220, 38043, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Oliver Oeckler
- Institute for Mineralogy, Crystallography and Materials Science, Leipzig University, Scharnhorststraße 20, 04275, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schnick
- Department of Chemistry, University of Munich, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
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25
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Wimmer DS, Seibald M, Baumann D, Peschke S, Wurst K, Heymann G, Dutzler D, Garcia‐Fuente A, Urland W, Huppertz H. Novel Narrow Band Cyan‐Green Phosphor LiK
7
[Li
3
SiO
4
]
8
:Eu
2+
with Enhanced Suppression of Second Broad Band Emission. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S. Wimmer
- Institut für Allgemeine, Anorganische und Theoretische Chemie Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck Innrain 80–82 A-6020 Innsbruck Austria
| | - Markus Seibald
- OSRAM Opto Semiconductors GmbH Mittelstetter Weg 2 86830 Schwabmünchen Germany
| | - Dominik Baumann
- OSRAM Opto Semiconductors GmbH Mittelstetter Weg 2 86830 Schwabmünchen Germany
| | - Simon Peschke
- OSRAM Opto Semiconductors GmbH Mittelstetter Weg 2 86830 Schwabmünchen Germany
| | - Klaus Wurst
- Institut für Allgemeine, Anorganische und Theoretische Chemie Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck Innrain 80–82 A-6020 Innsbruck Austria
| | - Gunter Heymann
- Institut für Allgemeine, Anorganische und Theoretische Chemie Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck Innrain 80–82 A-6020 Innsbruck Austria
| | - Daniel Dutzler
- Institut für Allgemeine, Anorganische und Theoretische Chemie Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck Innrain 80–82 A-6020 Innsbruck Austria
| | - Amador Garcia‐Fuente
- Departamento de Física Universidad de Oviedo Calle Federico García Lorca 18 33007 Oviedo Spain
- Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Research Center CINN CSIC-Universidad de Oviedo Avda de la Vega 4–6 33940 El Entrego Spain
| | - Werner Urland
- Private Institute of Theoretical Chemical Physics Via Antonio Sciaroni 2 6600 Muralto Switzerland
| | - Hubert Huppertz
- Institut für Allgemeine, Anorganische und Theoretische Chemie Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck Innrain 80–82 A-6020 Innsbruck Austria
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26
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Gamperl L, Neudert L, Schultz P, Durach D, Schnick W, Oeckler O. Structure Elucidation of Complex Endotaxially Intergrown Lanthanum Barium Oxonitridosilicate Oxides by Combination of Microfocused Synchrotron Radiation and Transmission Electron Microscopy. Chemistry 2021; 27:12835-12844. [PMID: 34240752 PMCID: PMC8518372 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Single‐crystalline domains in intergrown microcrystalline material of the new compounds Ba22.5+xLa55−x[Si129N240−xOx]O3:Ce3+ and Ba25.5+xLa77−x[Si170N312−xO9+x]O4:Ce3+ were identified by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Precise diffraction data from these domains were collected with microfocused synchrotron radiation so that crystal structure elucidation of the complex disordered networks became possible. They are composed of two different interconnected slabs of which one is similar in both compounds, which explains their notorious intergrowth. The distribution of Ba and La is indicated by the analysis of bond‐valence sums and by comparison with isostructural Sr28.5+xLa75−x[Si170N312−xO9+x]O4. Ce3+ doping leads to yellow luminescence. This is a showcase that highlights the discovery and accurate characterization of new compounds relevant for luminescence applications from heterogeneous microcrystalline samples by exploiting the capability of the combination of TEM and diffraction using the latest focusing techniques for synchrotron radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Gamperl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Munich (LMU), Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Lukas Neudert
- Department of Chemistry, University of Munich (LMU), Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany.,Institute for Mineralogy, Crystallography and Material Science, Leipzig University, Scharnhorststr. 20, 04275, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter Schultz
- Institute for Mineralogy, Crystallography and Material Science, Leipzig University, Scharnhorststr. 20, 04275, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Dajana Durach
- Department of Chemistry, University of Munich (LMU), Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schnick
- Department of Chemistry, University of Munich (LMU), Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Oliver Oeckler
- Institute for Mineralogy, Crystallography and Material Science, Leipzig University, Scharnhorststr. 20, 04275, Leipzig, Germany
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27
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Zheng HW, Wang XM, Wei HW, Zheng Y, Yin CL, Yang ZP, Jiao H. Narrow-band red emitting oxonitridosilicate phosphor La 4-xSr 2+xSi 5N 12-xO x:Pr 3+ (x≈ 1.69). Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:3761-3764. [PMID: 33729261 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc00893e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The new oxonitridosilicates Ln4-xSr2+xSi5N12-xOx (Ln = La, Ce) were synthesized by high temperature solid-state reactions. The crystal structures were solved and refined from both single-crystal and powder X-ray diffraction data. These oxonitridosilicate compounds crystallize in the monoclinic space group P21/n (no. 14) and exhibit a double-layer structure made up of corner-sharing Si(O/N)4 tetrahedra. When excited with near-UV and blue light, the Pr3+ doped La2.31Sr3.69Si5N10.31O1.69 phosphor shows a narrow-band red emission peaking at 625 nm with a full width at half-maximum of 40 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Wei Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
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28
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Hirose Y, Hasegawa T. Exploring Metastable Oxynitrides by Thin Film Growth Approach. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20210033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasushi Hirose
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Hasegawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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29
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Link L, Pathak M, Jach F, Koželj P, Ormeci A, Höhn P, Niewa R. The Reduced Nitridogermanates(III) Ca 6 [Ge 2 N 6 ] and Sr 6 [Ge 2 N 6 ] with Ge-Ge Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:7691-7696. [PMID: 33524200 PMCID: PMC8048604 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202017270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The first nitridogermanates(III) Ca6[Ge2N6] and Sr6[Ge2N6] were synthesized from sodium flux and structurally characterized by powder and single crystal X‐ray diffraction, respectively. They crystallize isostructurally to each other and homeotypic to Ca6[Cr2N6]H in space group R3‾
. They feature unprecedented, mutually isolated, ethane‐like [GeIII2N6]12− anions in a staggered conformation. The compounds are semiconductors according to resistivity measurements and electronic structure calculations, yielding band gaps of 1.1 eV for Ca6[Ge2N6] and 0.2 eV for Sr6[Ge2N6].
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Link
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 5570569StuttgartGermany
| | - Manisha Pathak
- Chemical Metals ScienceMax Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of SolidsNöthnitzer Str. 4001187DresdenGermany
| | - Franziska Jach
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food ChemistryTechnische Universität Dresden01062DresdenGermany
| | - Primoz Koželj
- Chemical Metals ScienceMax Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of SolidsNöthnitzer Str. 4001187DresdenGermany
| | - Alim Ormeci
- Chemical Metals ScienceMax Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of SolidsNöthnitzer Str. 4001187DresdenGermany
| | - Peter Höhn
- Chemical Metals ScienceMax Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of SolidsNöthnitzer Str. 4001187DresdenGermany
| | - Rainer Niewa
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 5570569StuttgartGermany
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30
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Link L, Pathak M, Jach F, Koželj P, Ormeci A, Höhn P, Niewa R. Die reduzierten Nitridogermanate(III) Ca
6
[Ge
2
N
6
] und Sr
6
[Ge
2
N
6
] mit Ge‐Ge‐Bindungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202017270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Link
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Universität Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Deutschland
| | - Manisha Pathak
- Chemische Metallkunde Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester Stoffe Nöthnitzer Str. 40 01187 Dresden Deutschland
| | - Franziska Jach
- Fakultät Chemie und Lebensmittelchemie Technische Universität Dresden 01062 Dresden Deutschland
| | - Primoz Koželj
- Chemische Metallkunde Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester Stoffe Nöthnitzer Str. 40 01187 Dresden Deutschland
| | - Alim Ormeci
- Chemische Metallkunde Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester Stoffe Nöthnitzer Str. 40 01187 Dresden Deutschland
| | - Peter Höhn
- Chemische Metallkunde Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester Stoffe Nöthnitzer Str. 40 01187 Dresden Deutschland
| | - Rainer Niewa
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Universität Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Deutschland
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31
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Mutschke A, Bernard GM, Bertmer M, Karttunen AJ, Ritter C, Michaelis VK, Kunkel N. Na
3
SO
4
H – ein erster Vertreter der Materialklasse der Sulfathydride. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202016582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Mutschke
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Georg-August-University, Goettingen Tammannstraße 4 37077 Goettingen Deutschland
- Chair for Inorganic Chemistry with Focus on Novel Materials Technical University of Munich Lichtenbergstraße 4 85748 Garching Deutschland
| | - Guy M. Bernard
- Department of Chemistry University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Kanada
| | - Marko Bertmer
- Felix Bloch Institute for Solid State Physics Leipzig University Linnéstraße 5 04103 Leipzig Deutschland
| | - Antti J. Karttunen
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science Aalto University P.O. Box 16100 FI-00076 Aalto Finnland
| | - Clemens Ritter
- Institut Laue-Langevin 71 avenue des Martyrs 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9 Frankreich
| | | | - Nathalie Kunkel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Georg-August-University, Goettingen Tammannstraße 4 37077 Goettingen Deutschland
- Chair for Inorganic Chemistry with Focus on Novel Materials Technical University of Munich Lichtenbergstraße 4 85748 Garching Deutschland
- Woehler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh) Georg-August-University, Göttingen Deutschland
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32
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Mutschke A, Bernard GM, Bertmer M, Karttunen AJ, Ritter C, Michaelis VK, Kunkel N. Na 3 SO 4 H-The First Representative of the Material Class of Sulfate Hydrides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:5683-5687. [PMID: 33438295 PMCID: PMC7986708 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202016582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The first representative of a novel class of mixed-anionic compounds, the sulfate hydride Na3 SO4 H, and the corresponding deuteride Na3 SO4 D were obtained from the solid-state reaction of NaH or NaD with dry Na2 SO4 . Precise reaction control is required, because too harsh conditions lead to the reduction of sulfate to sulfide. A combined X-ray and neutron diffraction study revealed that the compound crystallizes in the tetragonal space group P4/nmm with the lattice parameters a=7.0034(2) Å and c=4.8569(2) Å. The sole presence of hydride and absence of hydroxide ions is proven by vibrational spectroscopy and comparison with spectra predicted from quantum chemical calculations. 1 H and 23 Na MAS NMR spectra are consistent with the structure of Na3 SO4 H: a single 1 H peak at 2.9 ppm is observed, while two peaks at 15.0 and 6.2 ppm for the inequivalent 23 Na sites are observed. Elemental analysis and quantum chemical calculations further support these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Mutschke
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieGeorg-August-University GoettingenTammannstrasse 437077GoettingenGermany
- Chair for Inorganic Chemistry with Focus on Novel MaterialsTechnical University of MunichLichtenbergstrasse 485748GarchingGermany
| | - Guy M. Bernard
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaT6G 2G2Canada
| | - Marko Bertmer
- Felix Bloch Institute for Solid State PhysicsLeipzig UniversityLinnéstrasse 504103LeipzigGermany
| | - Antti J. Karttunen
- Department of Chemistry and Materials ScienceAalto UniversityP.O. Box 16100FI-00076AaltoFinland
| | - Clemens Ritter
- Institut Laue-Langevin71 avenue des Martyrs38042Grenoble Cedex 9France
| | | | - Nathalie Kunkel
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieGeorg-August-University GoettingenTammannstrasse 437077GoettingenGermany
- Chair for Inorganic Chemistry with Focus on Novel MaterialsTechnical University of MunichLichtenbergstrasse 485748GarchingGermany
- Woehler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh)Georg-August-University, GoettingenGermany
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33
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Eisenburger L, Oeckler O, Schnick W. High-Pressure High-Temperature Synthesis of Mixed Nitridosilicatephosphates and Luminescence of AESiP 3 N 7 :Eu 2+ (AE=Sr, Ba). Chemistry 2021; 27:4461-4465. [PMID: 33464635 PMCID: PMC7986791 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202005495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Tetrahedra-based nitrides with network structures have emerged as versatile materials with a broad spectrum of properties and applications. Both nitridosilicates and nitridophosphates are well-known examples of such nitrides that upon doping with Eu2+ exhibit intriguing luminescence properties, which makes them attractive for applications. Nitridosilicates and nitridophosphates show manifold structural variability; however, no mixed nitridosilicatephosphates except SiPN3 and SiP2N4NH have been described so far. The compounds AESiP3 N7 (AE=Sr, Ba) were synthesized by a high-pressure high-temperature approach using the multianvil technique (8 GPa, 1400-1700 °C) starting from the respective alkaline earth azides and the binary nitrides P3 N5 and Si3 N4 . The latter were activated by NH4 F, probably acting as a mineralizing agent. SrSiP3 N7 and BaSiP3 N7 were obtained as single crystals. They crystallized in the barylite-1O (M=Sr) and barylite-2O structure types (M=Ba), respectively, with P and Si being occupationally disordered. Cation disorder was further supported by solid-state NMR spectroscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) mapping of BaSiP3 N7 with atomic resolution. Upon doping with Eu2+ , both compounds showed blue emission under UV excitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucien Eisenburger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Munich, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Oliver Oeckler
- Institute for Mineralogy, Crystallography and Materials Science, Leipzig University, Scharnhorststraße 20, 04275, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schnick
- Department of Chemistry, University of Munich, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
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34
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Gagné OC. On the crystal chemistry of inorganic nitrides: crystal-chemical parameters, bonding behavior, and opportunities in the exploration of their compositional space. Chem Sci 2021; 12:4599-4622. [PMID: 34163725 PMCID: PMC8179496 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc06028c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The scarcity of nitrogen in Earth's crust, combined with challenging synthesis, have made inorganic nitrides a relatively unexplored class of compounds compared to their naturally abundant oxide counterparts. To facilitate exploration of their compositional space via a priori modeling, and to help a posteriori structure verification not limited to inferring the oxidation state of redox-active cations, we derive a suite of bond-valence parameters and Lewis acid strength values for 76 cations observed bonding to N3-, and further outline a baseline statistical knowledge of bond lengths for these compounds. Examination of structural and electronic effects responsible for the functional properties and anomalous bonding behavior of inorganic nitrides shows that many mechanisms of bond-length variation ubiquitous to oxide and oxysalt compounds (e.g., lone-pair stereoactivity, the Jahn-Teller and pseudo Jahn-Teller effects) are similarly pervasive in inorganic nitrides, and are occasionally observed to result in greater distortion magnitude than their oxide counterparts. We identify promising functional units for exploring uncharted chemical spaces of inorganic nitrides, e.g. multiple-bond metal centers with promise regarding the development of a post-Haber-Bosch process proceeding at milder reaction conditions, and promote an atomistic understanding of chemical bonding in nitrides relevant to such pursuits as the development of a model of ion substitution in solids, a problem of great relevance to semiconductor doping whose solution would fast-track the development of compound solar cells, battery materials, electronics, and more.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier C Gagné
- Earth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science Washington D.C. 20015 USA
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35
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Merzlyakova E, Wolf S, Lebedkin S, Bayarjargal L, Neumeier BL, Bartenbach D, Holzer C, Klopper W, Winkler B, Kappes M, Feldmann C. 18-Crown-6 Coordinated Metal Halides with Bright Luminescence and Nonlinear Optical Effects. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:798-804. [PMID: 33405904 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c09454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The crown-ether coordination compounds ZnX2(18-crown-6), EuX2(18-crown-6) (X: Cl, Br, I), MnI2(18-crown-6), Mn3Cl6(18-crown-6)2, Mn3I6(18-crown-6)2, and Mn2I4(18-crown-6) are obtained by ionic-liquid-based synthesis. Whereas MX2(18-crown-6) (M: Zn, Eu) show conventional structural motives, Mn3Cl6(18-crown-6)2, Mn3I6(18-crown-6)2, and Mn2I4(18-crown-6) exhibit unusual single MnX4 tetrahedra coordinated to the crown-ether complex. Surprisingly, some compounds show outstanding photoluminescence. Thus, rare Zn2+-based luminescence is observed and unexpectedly efficient for ZnI2(18-crown-6) with a quantum yield of 54%. Unprecedented quantum yields are also observed for Mn3I6(18-crown-6)2, EuBr2(18-crown-6), and EuI2(18-crown-6) with values of 98, 72, and 82%, respectively, which can be rationalized based on the specific structural features. Most remarkable, however, is Mn2I4(18-crown-6). Its specific structural features with finite sensitizer-activator couples result in an extremely strong emission with an outstanding quantum yield of 100%. Consistent with its structural features, moreover, anisotropic angle-dependent emission under polarized light and nonlinear optical (NLO) effects occur, including second-harmonic generation (SHG). The title compounds and their optical properties are characterized by single-crystal structure analysis, X-ray powder diffraction, chemical analysis, density functional theory (DFT) calculations, and advanced spectroscopic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Merzlyakova
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry (IAC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Silke Wolf
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry (IAC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Sergei Lebedkin
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Lkhamsuren Bayarjargal
- Institute of Geosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Altenhoeferallee 1, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - B Lilli Neumeier
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry (IAC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Daniel Bartenbach
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry (IAC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Christof Holzer
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 2, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Wim Klopper
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.,Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 2, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Bjoern Winkler
- Institute of Geosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Altenhoeferallee 1, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Manfred Kappes
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.,Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 2, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Claus Feldmann
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry (IAC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
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36
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Netzsch P, Höppe HA. Sr[B2(SO4)3(S2O7)]: A Borosulfate with an Unprecedented Chain Structure Comprising Disulfate Groups. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:18102-18108. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philip Netzsch
- Lehrstuhl für Festkörperchemie, Universität Augsburg, Universitätsstr. 1, 86159 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Henning A. Höppe
- Lehrstuhl für Festkörperchemie, Universität Augsburg, Universitätsstr. 1, 86159 Augsburg, Germany
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37
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Netzsch P, Pielnhofer F, Höppe HA. From S-O-S to B-O-S to B-O-B Bridges: Ba[B(S 2O 7) 2] 2 as a Model System for the Structural Diversity in Borosulfate Chemistry. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:15180-15188. [PMID: 33001636 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Various different possible connection patterns of sulfate and borate tetrahedra enable a vast structural diversity in borosulfates, a rather new class of silicate-analogous compounds. Here we unravel a direct relationship from S-O-S to B-O-S to B-O-B bridges for the first time in borosulfate chemistry. Solvothermal synthesis in pure oleum (65% SO3) yielded the first alkaline earth metal borosulfate comprising S-O-S bridges: Ba[B(S2O7)2]2 (I2/a, Z = 4, a = 1160.77(9) pm, b = 891.44(7) pm, c = 2130.26(19) pm, β = 104.0341(17)°) contains molecular [B(S2O7)2]- anions of a central boron atom and two chelating disulfate groups. By using equal amounts of sulfuric acid and oleum solely B-O-S bridges were obtained in Ba[B2(SO4)4] (Pnna, Z = 4, a = 1279.08(18) pm, b = 1280.0(2) pm, c = 731.70(11) pm) featuring one-dimensional ∞1[B(SO4)4/2]- chains. The thermal analysis on Ba[B(S2O7)2]2 revealed the conversion from S-O-S bridges to B-O-S bridges in Ba[B2(SO4)4] and to B-O-B bridges in Ba[B2O(SO4)3] by a successive release of SO3. Thus, BaO-B2O3-SO3 is the first quaternary system for borosulfates uniting all three possible connection patterns enabling us to understand the fascinating but systematic chemistry in such systems. Both new compounds were also characterized by means of X-ray powder diffraction, electrostatic calculations, and infrared spectroscopy assisted by density functional theory (DFT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Netzsch
- Lehrstuhl für Festkörperchemie, Universität Augsburg, Universitätsstrasse 1, 86159 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Florian Pielnhofer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätstrasse 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Henning A Höppe
- Lehrstuhl für Festkörperchemie, Universität Augsburg, Universitätsstrasse 1, 86159 Augsburg, Germany
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38
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Mallmann M, Maak C, Schnick W. Ammonothermal Synthesis and Crystal Growth of the Chain‐type Oxonitridosilicate Ca
1+
x
Y
1–
x
SiN
3–
x
O
x
(
x
> 0). Z Anorg Allg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202000018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Mallmann
- Department of Chemistry University of Munich (LMU) Butenandtstraße 5–13 (D) 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Christian Maak
- Department of Chemistry University of Munich (LMU) Butenandtstraße 5–13 (D) 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schnick
- Department of Chemistry University of Munich (LMU) Butenandtstraße 5–13 (D) 81377 Munich Germany
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39
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Wylezich T, Valois R, Suta M, Mutschke A, Ritter C, Meijerink A, Karttunen AJ, Kunkel N. Borate Hydrides as a New Material Class: Structure, Computational Studies, and Spectroscopic Investigations on Sr 5 (BO 3 ) 3 H and Sr 5 ( 11 BO 3 ) 3 D. Chemistry 2020; 26:11742-11750. [PMID: 32542938 PMCID: PMC7540042 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The unprecedented borate hydride Sr5 (BO3 )3 H and deuteride Sr5 (11 BO3 )3 D crystallizing in an apatite-related structure are reported. Despite the presence of hydride anions, the compound decomposes only slowly in air. Doped with Eu2+ , it shows broad-band orange-red emission under violet excitation owing to the 4f6 5d-4f7 transition of Eu2+ . The observed 1 H NMR chemical shift is in good agreement with previously reported 1 H chemical shifts of ionic metal hydrides as well as with quantum chemical calculations and very different from 1 H chemical shifts usually found for hydroxide ions in similar materials. FTIR and Raman spectroscopy of different samples containing 1 H, 2 H, nat B, and 11 B combined with calculations unambiguously prove the absence of hydroxide ions and the sole incorporation of hydride ions into the borate. The orange-red emission obtained by doping with Eu2+ shows that the new compound class might be a promising host material for optical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Wylezich
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstr. 437077GöttingenGermany
- Woehler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh)Georg-August-University GoettingenTammannstr. 237077GoettingenGermany
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry with Focus on Novel MaterialsDepartment of ChemistryTechnical University MunichLichtenbergstr. 485748GarchingGermany
| | - Renaud Valois
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry with Focus on Novel MaterialsDepartment of ChemistryTechnical University MunichLichtenbergstr. 485748GarchingGermany
- UCCS-UMR CNRS 8181Université d'Artois, Faculté de, Sciences Jean PerrinRue Jean Souvraz62300LensFrance
| | - Markus Suta
- Condensed Matter and InterfacesDebye Institute for, Nanomaterials ScienceDepartment of ChemistryUtrecht UniversityPrincetonplein 13584 CCUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Alexander Mutschke
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry with Focus on Novel MaterialsDepartment of ChemistryTechnical University MunichLichtenbergstr. 485748GarchingGermany
| | - Clemens Ritter
- Institut Laue-Langevin71 Avenue des Martyrs38042GrenobleFrance
| | - Andries Meijerink
- Condensed Matter and InterfacesDebye Institute for, Nanomaterials ScienceDepartment of ChemistryUtrecht UniversityPrincetonplein 13584 CCUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Antti J. Karttunen
- Department of Chemistry and Materials ScienceAalto UniversityP.O. Box 16100FI-00076AaltoFinland
| | - Nathalie Kunkel
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstr. 437077GöttingenGermany
- Woehler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh)Georg-August-University GoettingenTammannstr. 237077GoettingenGermany
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry with Focus on Novel MaterialsDepartment of ChemistryTechnical University MunichLichtenbergstr. 485748GarchingGermany
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40
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Link L, Niewa R. Diversity of Strontium Nitridogermanates(IV): Novel Sr
4
[GeN
4
], Sr
8
Ge
2
[GeN
4
], and Sr
17
Ge
2
[GeN
3
]
2
[GeN
4
]
2. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202000008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Link
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry University of Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Rainer Niewa
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry University of Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
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41
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Yoshimura F, Yamane H, Yamada T. Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Luminescence Properties of a White-Light-Emitting Nitride Phosphor, Ca 0.99Eu 0.01AlSi 4N 7. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:367-375. [PMID: 31808685 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b02609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Colorless transparent single crystals of a new europium-doped calcium aluminum silicon nitride, Ca0.99Eu0.01AlSi4N7, were synthesized by heating a mixture of binary nitrides (Ca3N2, EuN, AlN, Si3N4, and Mg3N2) at 2150 °C under a nitrogen gas pressure of 0.85 MPa. The X-ray diffraction reflections from a single crystal were indexed with orthorhombic cell parameters a = 11.6819(3) Å, b = 21.0193(6) Å, and c = 4.91770(10) Å. The crystal structure was isomorphic to that of SrAlSi4N7:Eu (space group Pna21). One of the Ca/Eu sites was split into two sites of 4-fold and 8-fold nitrogen coordination. A white-light emission spectrum with two peaks at wavelengths of 498 and 614 nm was observed from the single crystals under 400 nm near-ultraviolet-light irradiation. The CIE1931 chromaticity of the white light was plotted at x = 0.378 and y = 0.429; the mean color-rendering index Ra was 81.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumitaka Yoshimura
- Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation , 1060 Naruda , Odawara , Kanagawa 250-0862 , Japan.,Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials , Tohoku University 2-1-1 Katahira , Aoba-ku, Sendai , Miyagi 980-8577 , Japan
| | - Hisanori Yamane
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials , Tohoku University 2-1-1 Katahira , Aoba-ku, Sendai , Miyagi 980-8577 , Japan
| | - Takahiro Yamada
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials , Tohoku University 2-1-1 Katahira , Aoba-ku, Sendai , Miyagi 980-8577 , Japan
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42
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Mutschke A, Wylezich T, Ritter C, Karttunen AJ, Kunkel N. An Unprecedented Fully H
–
‐Substituted Phosphate Hydride Sr
5
(PO
4
)
3
H Expanding the Apatite Family. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201901151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Mutschke
- Chemistry Department Technische Universität München Lichtenbergstr. 4 85747 Garching Germany
| | - Thomas Wylezich
- Chemistry Department Technische Universität München Lichtenbergstr. 4 85747 Garching Germany
| | - Clemens Ritter
- Institut Laue‐Langevin 71 Rue des Martyrs 38042 Grenoble France
| | - Antti J. Karttunen
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science Aalto University P.O. Box 16100 FI‐00076 Aalto Finland
| | - Nathalie Kunkel
- Chemistry Department Technische Universität München Lichtenbergstr. 4 85747 Garching Germany
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Universität Göttingen Tammanstraße 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
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43
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Gamperl L, Krach G, Schmidt PJ, Schnick W. Synthesis of
RE
6–
x
Ca
1.5
x
Si
11
N
20
O (
RE
= Yb, Lu;
x ≈
2.2) with Lu
6–
x
Ca
1.5
x
Si
11
N
20
O:Ce
3+
Offering Interesting Spectral Properties for Yellow‐Emitting Phosphors in 1pcLEDs. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201901206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Gamperl
- Department of Chemistry University of Munich (LMU) Butenandstraße 5‐13 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Georg Krach
- Department of Chemistry University of Munich (LMU) Butenandstraße 5‐13 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Peter J. Schmidt
- Lumileds Germany GmbH Lumileds Phosphor Center Aachen Philipsstraße 8 52068 Aachen Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schnick
- Department of Chemistry University of Munich (LMU) Butenandstraße 5‐13 81377 Munich Germany
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44
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Ding Q, Zhao S, Xiao H, Li Y, Liu S, Li L, Li C, Wang Y, Hong M, Luo J. An Uncommon Hypervalent Fluorooxosilicophosphate. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:4174-4178. [PMID: 31622536 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201901410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qingran Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Structural ChemistryFujian institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of Science 155 Yangqiao Road West Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 100049 China
| | - Sangen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Structural ChemistryFujian institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of Science 155 Yangqiao Road West Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Han Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Structural ChemistryFujian institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of Science 155 Yangqiao Road West Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Yanqiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural ChemistryFujian institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of Science 155 Yangqiao Road West Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Shuai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural ChemistryFujian institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of Science 155 Yangqiao Road West Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Lina Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural ChemistryFujian institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of Science 155 Yangqiao Road West Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Chunsen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural ChemistryFujian institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of Science 155 Yangqiao Road West Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Yusong Wang
- University of Science and Technology of China Anhui 230026 China
| | - Maochun Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Structural ChemistryFujian institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of Science 155 Yangqiao Road West Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Junhua Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Structural ChemistryFujian institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of Science 155 Yangqiao Road West Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
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45
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Hosono A, Masubuchi Y, Yasui S, Takesada M, Endo T, Higuchi M, Itoh M, Kikkawa S. Ferroelectric BaTaO2N Crystals Grown in a BaCN2 Flux. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:16752-16760. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b02917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shintaro Yasui
- Laboratory for Materials and Structures, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Masaki Takesada
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, N10W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | | | | | - Mitsuru Itoh
- Laboratory for Materials and Structures, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
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46
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Hoerder GJ, Peschke S, Wurst K, Seibald M, Baumann D, Stoll I, Huppertz H. SrAl 2-xLi 2+xO 2+2xN 2-2x:Eu 2+ (0.12 ≤ x ≤ 0.66)-Tunable Luminescence in an Oxonitride Phosphor. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:12146-12151. [PMID: 31483621 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b01479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Starting from the recently published narrow band red phosphor SALON, a tunable oxonitride-phosphor can be derived by introducing disorder into the structure. To achieve this, the oxygen content of the reaction mixture is increased, thereby prohibiting the oxygen/nitrogen ordering observed in SALON. The resulting compound is isotypic to UCr4C4 and exhibits mixed oxygen/nitrogen and lithium/aluminum sites. Further variation of the oxygen/nitrogen ratio revealed that the structure remains stable over a wide range of compositions. The compound can therefore be described by the general sum formula SrAl2-xLi2+xO2+2xN2-2x with x ranging between 0.12 and 0.66. When doped with Eu2+, the title compound exhibits an intense luminescence upon excitation with blue light. The maximum of this emission varies depending on the oxygen content and can be tuned to values between 581 nm (x = 0.66) and 672 nm (x = 0.12).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregor J Hoerder
- Institute of General, Inorganic, and Theoretical Chemistry , University of Innsbruck , Innrain 80-82 , A-6020 Innsbruck , Austria
| | - Simon Peschke
- OSRAM Opto Semiconductors GmbH , Mittelstetter Weg 2 , D-86830 Schwabmünchen , Germany
| | - Klaus Wurst
- Institute of General, Inorganic, and Theoretical Chemistry , University of Innsbruck , Innrain 80-82 , A-6020 Innsbruck , Austria
| | - Markus Seibald
- OSRAM Opto Semiconductors GmbH , Mittelstetter Weg 2 , D-86830 Schwabmünchen , Germany
| | - Dominik Baumann
- OSRAM Opto Semiconductors GmbH , Mittelstetter Weg 2 , D-86830 Schwabmünchen , Germany
| | - Ion Stoll
- OSRAM Opto Semiconductors GmbH , Leibnizstrasse 4 , D-93055 Regensburg , Germany
| | - Hubert Huppertz
- Institute of General, Inorganic, and Theoretical Chemistry , University of Innsbruck , Innrain 80-82 , A-6020 Innsbruck , Austria
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47
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Niklaus R, Minár J, Strobel P, Schmidt PJ, Schnick W. Ab initio exploration and prediction of AE-containing nitrido(litho/magneso)tetrelates (AE = Ca, Sr; Tt = Si, Ge) with [Si 2N 6] 10- or [Ge 2N 6] 10- units. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:8671-8677. [PMID: 31140530 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt01158g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Recently, a number of different structurally related nitrides characterized by pairs of edge-sharing Si-N tetrahedra forming [Si2N6]10- units have emerged via different synthesis methods. Concurrently, upon doping with rare earth elements (e.g. Eu2+ and Ce3+), numerous applications in the field of luminescent materials were revealed, ranging from the visible spectrum to the near IR. This compound class in turn emphasizes the extraordinary large tuning range with respect to relative composition by formal cation exchange. In this contribution, we study the dynamical stabilities of the existing Si-based nitridotetrelates and hypothetical Ge analogues promising for future synthesis efforts of luminescent materials by means of extensive phonon calculations. Further calculations of electronic and mechanical properties corroborate the fundamental suitability of the predicted compounds for the applications of potential luminescent materials with regard to band gap (Eg) and Debye temperature (ΘD). Calculated enthalpies of the reaction provide further beneficial insights for future experimental attempts. Our study hence highlights a potential range of novel stable nitridogermanates with isotypic structures and suitable electronic properties for optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Niklaus
- Department of Chemistry, University of Munich (LMU), Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany.
| | - Ján Minár
- New Technologies Research Centre, University of West Bohemia, Univerzitni 8, 30614 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Philipp Strobel
- Lumileds Germany GmbH, Lumileds Phosphor Center Aachen, Philipsstraße 8, 52068 Aachen, Germany
| | - Peter J Schmidt
- Lumileds Germany GmbH, Lumileds Phosphor Center Aachen, Philipsstraße 8, 52068 Aachen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schnick
- Department of Chemistry, University of Munich (LMU), Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany.
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48
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Dutzler D, Seibald M, Baumann D, Ruegenberg F, Huppertz H. Synthetic and Structural Investigations on the System Na
1–
x
Eu
x
[Li
3‐2
x
Si
1‐
x
Al
3
x
O
4‐4
x
N
4
x
]. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201900308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Dutzler
- Institute of General Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry University of Innsbruck Innrain 80–82 6020 Innsbruck Austria
| | - Markus Seibald
- Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry OSRAM Opto Semiconductors GmbH Mittelstetter Weg 2 86830 Schwabmünchen Germany
| | - Dominik Baumann
- Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry OSRAM Opto Semiconductors GmbH Mittelstetter Weg 2 86830 Schwabmünchen Germany
| | - Freia Ruegenberg
- Institute of General Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry University of Innsbruck Innrain 80–82 6020 Innsbruck Austria
| | - Hubert Huppertz
- Institute of General Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry University of Innsbruck Innrain 80–82 6020 Innsbruck Austria
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49
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Chen H, Wang Y. Sr2LiScB4O10:Ce3+/Tb3+: A Green-Emitting Phosphor with High Energy Transfer Efficiency and Stability for LEDs and FEDs. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:7440-7452. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b00639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hang Chen
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Optical Conversion Materials and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Special Function Materials and Structural Design of the Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People’s Republic of China
- Gansu Province Engineering Laboratory for Optical Functional Materials, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuhua Wang
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Optical Conversion Materials and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Special Function Materials and Structural Design of the Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People’s Republic of China
- Gansu Province Engineering Laboratory for Optical Functional Materials, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People’s Republic of China
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50
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Cordes N, Nentwig M, Eisenburger L, Oeckler O, Schnick W. Ammonothermal Synthesis of the Mixed‐Valence Nitrogen‐Rich Europium Tantalum Ruddlesden‐Popper Phase Eu
II
Eu
III
2
Ta
2
N
4
O
3. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201900245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Cordes
- Department of Chemistry University of Munich (LMU) Butenandtstr. 5–13 (D) 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Markus Nentwig
- Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy Institute for Mineralogy, Crystallography and Materials Science Leipzig University Scharnhorststr. 20 04275 Leipzig Germany
| | - Lucien Eisenburger
- Department of Chemistry University of Munich (LMU) Butenandtstr. 5–13 (D) 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Oliver Oeckler
- Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy Institute for Mineralogy, Crystallography and Materials Science Leipzig University Scharnhorststr. 20 04275 Leipzig Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schnick
- Department of Chemistry University of Munich (LMU) Butenandtstr. 5–13 (D) 81377 Munich Germany
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