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Shahmirzaee M, Nagai A. An Appraisal for Providing Charge Transfer (CT) Through Synthetic Porous Frameworks for their Semiconductor Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2307828. [PMID: 38368249 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been considerable focus on the development of charge transfer (CT) complex formation as a means to modify the band gaps of organic materials. In particular, CT complexes alternate layers of aromatic molecules with donor (D) and acceptor (A) properties to provide inherent electrical conductivity. In particular, the synthetic porous frameworks as attractive D-A components have been extensively studied in recent years in comparison to existing D-A materials. Therefore, in this work, the synthetic porous frameworks are classified into conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs), covalent organic frameworks (COFs), and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and compare high-quality materials for CT in semiconductors. This work updates the overview of the above porous frameworks for CT, starting with their early history regarding their semiconductor applications, and lists CT concepts and selected key developments in their CT complexes and CT composites. In addition, the network formation methods and their functionalization are discussed to provide access to a variety of potential applications. Furthermore, several theoretical investigations, efficiency improvement techniques, and a discussion of the electrical conductivity of the porous frameworks are also highlighted. Finally, a perspective of synthetic porous framework studies on CT performance is provided along with some comparisons.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Atsushi Nagai
- ENSEMBLE 3 - Centre of Excellence, Warsaw, 01-919, Poland
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2
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Huang Y, Shen M, Yan H, He Y, Xu J, Zhu F, Yang X, Ye YX, Ouyang G. Achieving a solar-to-chemical efficiency of 3.6% in ambient conditions by inhibiting interlayer charges transport. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5406. [PMID: 38926358 PMCID: PMC11208529 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49373-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Efficiently converting solar energy into chemical energy remains a formidable challenge in artificial photosynthetic systems. To date, rarely has an artificial photosynthetic system operating in the open air surpassed the highest solar-to-biomass conversion efficiency (1%) observed in plants. In this study, we present a three-dimension polymeric photocatalyst achieving a solar-to-H2O2 conversion efficiency of 3.6% under ambient conditions, including real water, open air, and room temperature. The impressive performance is attributed to the efficient storage of electrons inside materials via expeditious intramolecular charge transfer, and the fast extraction of the stored electrons by O2 that can diffuse into the internal pores of the self-supporting three-dimensional material. This construction strategy suppresses the interlayer transfer of excitons, polarizers and carriers, effectively increases the utilization of internal excitons to 82%. This breakthrough provides a perspective to substantially enhance photocatalytic performance and bear substantial implications for sustainable energy generation and environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, LIFM, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Minhui Shen
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, LIFM, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Huijie Yan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, IGCME, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, 519082, China
| | - Yingge He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Jianqiao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, LIFM, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Fang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, LIFM, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Xin Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Yu-Xin Ye
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, IGCME, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, 519082, China.
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519082, China.
| | - Gangfeng Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, LIFM, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, IGCME, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, 519082, China.
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519082, China.
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Yan Q, Tao S, Liu R, Zhi Y, Jiang D. Crystalline, Porous Helicene Covalent Organic Frameworks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202316092. [PMID: 38029378 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202316092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Helicenes are a class of fascinating chiral helical molecules with rich chemistry developed continuously over the past 100 years. Their helical, conjugated, and twisted structures make them attractive for constructing molecular systems. However, studies over the past century are mainly focused on synthesizing helicenes with increased numbers of aromatic rings and complex heterostructures, while research on inorganic, organic, and polymeric helicene materials is still embryonic. Herein, we report the first examples of helicene covalent organic frameworks, i.e., [7]Helicene sp2 c-COF-1, by condensing [7]Helicene dialdehyde with trimethyl triazine via the C=C bond formation reaction under solvothermal conditions. The resultant [7]Helicene sp2 c-COF-1 exhibits prominent X-ray diffraction peaks and assumes a highly ordered 2D lattice structure originated from the twisted configuration of [7]Helicene unit. The C=C linked [7]Helicene sp2 c-COF-1 materials exhibited extended π conjugation and broadly tuned their absorption, emission, redox activity, photoconductivity, and light-emitting activity, demonstrating rich multifunctionalities and great potentials in developing various applications. This work opens a way to a new family of COFs as well as helicene materials, enabling the exploration of unprecedented π architectures and properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Shanshan Tao
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Ruoyang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Yongfeng Zhi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Donglin Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
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4
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Feng B, Chen X, Yan P, Huang S, Lu C, Ji H, Zhu J, Yang Z, Cao K, Zhuang X. Isomeric Dual-Pore Two-Dimensional Covalent Organic Frameworks. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37968832 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c09559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with hierarchical porosity have been increasingly recognized as promising materials in various fields. Besides, the 2D COFs with kagome (kgm) topology can exhibit unique optoelectronic features and have extensive applications. However, rational synthesis of the COFs with kgm topology remains challenging because of competition with a square-lattice topology. Herein, we report two isomeric dual-pore 2D COFs with kgm topology using a novel geometric strategy to reduce the symmetry of their building blocks, which are four-armed naphthalene-based and azulene-based isomeric monomers. Owing to the large dipole moment of azulene, as-prepared azulene-based COF (COF-Az) possesses a considerably narrow band gap of down to 1.37 eV, which is much narrower than the naphthalene-based 2D COF (COF-Nap: 2.28 eV) and is the lowest band gap among reported imine-linked dual-pore 2D COFs. Moreover, COF-Az was used as electrode material in a gas sensor and exhibits high selectivity for NO2, including a high response rate (58.7%) to NO2 (10 ppm), fast recovery (72 s), up to 10 weeks of stability, and resistance to 80% relative humidity, which are superior to those of reported COF-based NO2 gas sensors. The calculation and in situ experimental results indicate that the large dipole moment of azulene boosts the sensitivity of the imine linkages. The usage of isomeric building blocks not only enables the synthesis of 2D COFs with isometric kgm topology but also provides an azulene-based 2D platform for studying the structure-property correlations of COFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boxu Feng
- The Soft2D Lab, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiyu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication (Ministry of Education), Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Pu Yan
- School of Physical Science and Technology & Shanghai Key Laboratory of High-resolution Electron Microscopy, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Senhe Huang
- The Soft2D Lab, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Chenbao Lu
- The Soft2D Lab, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Huiping Ji
- The Soft2D Lab, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jinhui Zhu
- The Soft2D Lab, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication (Ministry of Education), Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Kecheng Cao
- School of Physical Science and Technology & Shanghai Key Laboratory of High-resolution Electron Microscopy, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhuang
- The Soft2D Lab, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Zhang Jiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201203, China
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5
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Xia Y, Zhang W, Yang S, Wang L, Yu G. Research Progress in Donor-Acceptor Type Covalent Organic Frameworks. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2301190. [PMID: 37094607 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202301190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are new organic porous materials constructed by covalent bonds, with the advantages of pre-designable topology, adjustable pore size, and abundant active sites. Many research studies have shown that COFs exhibit great potential in gas adsorption, molecular separation, catalysis, drug delivery, energy storage, etc. However, the electrons and holes of intrinsic COF are prone to compounding in transport, and the carrier lifetime is short. The donor-acceptor (D-A) type COFs, which are synthesized by introducing D and A units into the COFs backbone, combine separated electron and hole migration pathway, tunable band gap and optoelectronic properties of D-A type polymers with the unique advantages of COFs and have made great progress in related research in recent years. Here, the synthetic strategies of D-A type COFs are first outlined, including the rational design of linkages and D-A units as well as functionalization approaches. Then the applications of D-A type COFs in catalytic reactions, photothermal therapy, and electronic materials are systematically summarized. In the final section, the current challenges, and new directions for the development of D-A type COFs are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeqing Xia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Weifeng Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Liping Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Gui Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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Luo Y, Chang Z, Pei J, Guo Z, Zhan H. Design, Synthesis, and Ultrafast Carrier Dynamics of Core-Substituted Naphthalene Diimide-Based Covalent Organic Frameworks. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:9266-9271. [PMID: 37812523 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c02222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
A series of two-dimensional polyimide covalent organic frameworks (2D COF) based on core-substituted naphthalene diimides (cNDIs) were designed and synthesized with the characteristic of tunable bandgap without global structural changes. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and DFT calculations indicated that COFcNDI-OEt and COFcNDI-SEt possess higher HOMO/LUMO levels and narrower bandgaps than COFNDI-H. Further investigation indicated that the COF bandgaps are not only related to the electron-donating substituents but also varied with respect to the interlayer distances. Moreover, the femtosecond transient absorption (TA) spectra manifested that the electron donor substituents are beneficial to the charge delocalization in the π-columnar unit, resulting in a longer lifetime of charge recombination, which is one of the pivotal prerequisites for high-performance solar cells and photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafang Luo
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Chang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Jiajie Pei
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyong Guo
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Hongbing Zhan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, Fujian, P. R. China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou 350108, Fujian, P. R. China
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Qin C, Yang Y, Wu X, Chen L, Liu Z, Tang L, Lyu L, Huang D, Wang D, Zhang C, Yuan X, Liu W, Wang H. Twistedly hydrophobic basis with suitable aromatic metrics in covalent organic networks govern micropollutant decontamination. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6740. [PMID: 37875482 PMCID: PMC10597987 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42513-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The pre-designable structure and unique architectures of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) render them attractive as active and porous medium for water crisis. However, the effect of functional basis with different metrics on the regulation of interfacial behavior in advanced oxidation decontamination remains a significant challenge. In this study, we pre-design and fabricate different molecular interfaces by creating ordered π skeletons, incorporating different pore sizes, and engineering hydrophilic or hydrophobic channels. These synergically break through the adsorption energy barrier and promote inner-surface renewal, achieving a high removal rate for typical antibiotic contaminants (like levofloxacin) by BTT-DATP-COF, compared with BTT-DADP-COF and BTT-DAB-COF. The experimental and theoretical calculations reveal that such functional basis engineering enable the hole-driven levofloxacin oxidation at the interface of BTT fragments to occur, accompanying with electron-mediated oxygen reduction on terphenyl motif to active radicals, endowing it facilitate the balanced extraction of holes and electrons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chencheng Qin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaodong Wu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 210009, Nanjing, China
| | - Long Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaoli Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Tang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, China
| | - Lai Lyu
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area; Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, 510006, Guangzhou, China
| | - Danlian Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, China
| | - Dongbo Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, China
| | - Chang Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, China
| | - Xingzhong Yuan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, China
| | - Wen Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China.
| | - Hou Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, China.
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Tan M, Shi W, Wang H, Di G, Xie Z, Fan S, Tang J, Dong F. Effective photodegradation of antibiotics by guest-host synergy between photosensitizer and bismuth vanadate: Underlying mechanism and toxicity assessment. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 325:138362. [PMID: 36905996 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The removal of antibiotics in wastewater has attracted increasing attention. Herein, a superior photosensitized photocatalytic system was developed with acetophenone (ACP) as the guest photosensitizer, bismuth vanadate (BiVO4) as the host catalyst and poly dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride (PDDA) as the bridging complex, and used for the removal of sulfamerazine (SMR), sulfadiazine (SDZ) and sulfamethazine (SMZ) in water under simulated visible light (λ > 420 nm). The obtained ACP-PDDA-BiVO4 nanoplates attained a removal efficiency of 88.9%-98.2% for SMR, SDZ and SMZ after 60 min reaction and achieved kinetic rate constant approximately 10, 4.7 and 13 times of BiVO4, PDDA-BiVO4 and ACP-BiVO4, respectively, for SMZ degradation. In the guest-host photocatalytic system, ACP photosensitizer was found to have a great superiority in enhancing the light absorption, promoting the surface charge separation-transfer and efficient generation of holes (h+) and superoxide radical (·O2-), greatly contributing to the photoactivity. The SMZ degradation pathways were proposed based on the identified degradation intermediates, involving three main pathways of rearrangement, desulfonation and oxidation. The toxicity of intermediates was evaluated and the results demonstrated that the overall toxicity was reduced compared with parent SMZ. This catalyst maintained 92% photocatalytic oxidation performance after five cyclic experiments and displayed a co-photodegradation ability to others antibiotics (e.g., roxithromycin, ciprofloxacin et al.) in effluent water. Therefore, this work provides a facile photosensitized strategy for developing guest-host photocatalysts, which enabling the simultaneous antibiotics removal and effectively reduce the ecological risks in wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meihong Tan
- School of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Wanping Shi
- School of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Haifeng Wang
- School of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Guanglan Di
- School of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Zhengxin Xie
- School of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Shisuo Fan
- School of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Jun Tang
- School of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China.
| | - Fengshou Dong
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, PR China
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Li X, Tang C, Zhang L, Song M, Zhang Y, Wang S. Porphyrin-Based Covalent Organic Frameworks: Design, Synthesis, Photoelectric Conversion Mechanism, and Applications. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:biomimetics8020171. [PMID: 37092423 PMCID: PMC10123739 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8020171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Photosynthesis occurs in high plants, and certain organisms show brilliant technology in converting solar light to chemical energy and producing carbohydrates from carbon dioxide (CO2). Mimicking the mechanism of natural photosynthesis is receiving wide-ranging attention for the development of novel materials capable of photo-to-electric, photo-to-chemical, and photocatalytic transformations. Porphyrin, possessing a similar highly conjugated core ring structure to chlorophyll and flexible physical and chemical properties, has become one of the most investigated photosensitizers. Chemical modification and self-assembly of molecules as well as constructing porphyrin-based metal (covalent) organic frameworks are often used to improve its solar light utilization and electron transfer rate. Especially porphyrin-based covalent organic frameworks (COFs) in which porphyrin molecules are connected by covalent bonds combine the structural advantages of organic frameworks with light-capturing properties of porphyrins and exhibit great potential in light-responsive materials. Porphyrin-based COFs are expected to have high solar light utilization, fast charge separation/transfer performance, excellent structural stability, and novel steric selectivity by special molecular design. In this paper, we reviewed the research progress of porphyrin-based COFs in the design, synthesis, properties, and applications. We focused on the intrinsic relationship between the structure and properties, especially the photoelectric conversion properties and charge transfer mechanism of porphyrin-based COFs, and tried to provide more valuable information for the design of advanced photosensitizers. The applications of porphyrin-based COFs in photocatalysis and phototherapy were emphasized based on their special structure design and light-to-electric (or light-to-heat) conversion control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Chuanyin Tang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Li Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Mingyang Song
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Shengjie Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China
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Dai L, Dong A, Meng X, Liu H, Li Y, Li P, Wang B. Enhancement of Visible-Light-Driven Hydrogen Evolution Activity of 2D π-Conjugated Bipyridine-Based Covalent Organic Frameworks via Post-Protonation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202300224. [PMID: 36757154 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202300224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalytic hydrogen (H2 ) evolution represents a promising and sustainable technology. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs)-based photocatalysts have received growing attention. A 2D fully conjugated ethylene-linked COF (BTT-BPy-COF) was fabricated with a dedicated designed active site. The introduced bipyridine sites enable a facile post-protonation strategy to fine-tune the actives sites, which results in a largely improved charge-separation efficiency and increased hydrophilicity in the pore channels synergically. After modulating the degree of protonation, the optimal BTT-BPy-PCOF exhibits a remarkable H2 evolution rate of 15.8 mmol g-1 h-1 under visible light, which surpasses the biphenyl-based COF 6 times. By using different types of acids, the post-protonation is proved to be a potential universal strategy for promoting photocatalytic H2 evolution. This strategy would provide important guidance for the design of highly efficient organic semiconductor photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Dai
- Frontiers Science Center for High Energy Material, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5, Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Anwang Dong
- Frontiers Science Center for High Energy Material, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5, Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Xiangjian Meng
- Frontiers Science Center for High Energy Material, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5, Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Huanyu Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for High Energy Material, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5, Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Yueting Li
- Frontiers Science Center for High Energy Material, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5, Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Frontiers Science Center for High Energy Material, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5, Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Bo Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for High Energy Material, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5, Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China.,Advanced Technology Research Institute (Jinan), Beijing Institute of Technology, Jinan, 250300, P. R. China
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11
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Bag S, Sasmal HS, Chaudhary SP, Dey K, Blätte D, Guntermann R, Zhang Y, Položij M, Kuc A, Shelke A, Vijayaraghavan RK, Ajithkumar TG, Bhattacharyya S, Heine T, Bein T, Banerjee R. Covalent Organic Framework Thin-Film Photodetectors from Solution-Processable Porous Nanospheres. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:1649-1659. [PMID: 36622362 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c09838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of homogeneous covalent organic framework (COF) thin films on a desired substrate with decent crystallinity, porosity, and uniform thickness has great potential for optoelectronic applications. We have used a solution-processable sphere transmutation process to synthesize 300 ± 20 nm uniform COF thin films on a 2 × 2 cm2 TiO2-coated fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) surface. This process controls the nucleation of COF crystallites and molecular morphology that helps the nanospheres to arrange periodically to form homogeneous COF thin films. We have synthesized four COF thin films (TpDPP, TpEtBt, TpTab, and TpTta) with different functional backbones. In a close agreement between the experiment and density functional theory, the TpEtBr COF film showed the lowest optical band gap (2.26 eV) and highest excited-state lifetime (8.52 ns) among all four COF films. Hence, the TpEtBr COF film can participate in efficient charge generation and separation. We constructed optoelectronic devices having a glass/FTO/TiO2/COF-film/Au architecture, which serves as a model system to study the optoelectronic charge transport properties of COF thin films under dark and illuminated conditions. Visible light with a calibrated intensity of 100 mW cm-2 was used for the excitation of COF thin films. All of the COF thin films exhibit significant photocurrent after illumination with visible light in comparison to the dark. Hence, all of the COF films behave as good photoactive substrates with minimal pinhole defects. The fabricated out-of-plane photodetector device based on the TpEtBr COF thin film exhibits high photocurrent density (2.65 ± 0.24 mA cm-2 at 0.5 V) and hole mobility (8.15 ± 0.64 ×10-3 cm2 V-1 S-1) compared to other as-synthesized films, indicating the best photoactive characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saikat Bag
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur741246, India.,Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur741246, India
| | - Himadri Sekhar Sasmal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur741246, India.,Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur741246, India
| | - Sonu Pratap Chaudhary
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur741246, India.,Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur741246, India
| | - Kaushik Dey
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur741246, India.,Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur741246, India
| | - Dominic Blätte
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13 (E), 81377Munich, Germany
| | - Roman Guntermann
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13 (E), 81377Munich, Germany
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstrasse 66c, 01069Dresden, Germany
| | - Miroslav Položij
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstrasse 66c, 01069Dresden, Germany
| | - Agnieszka Kuc
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Abteilung Ressourcenökologie, Forschungsstelle Leipzig, 04318Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ankita Shelke
- Central NMR Facility and Physical/Materials Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune411008, India
| | - Ratheesh K Vijayaraghavan
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur741246, India.,Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur741246, India
| | - Thalasseril G Ajithkumar
- Central NMR Facility and Physical/Materials Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune411008, India
| | - Sayan Bhattacharyya
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur741246, India.,Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur741246, India
| | - Thomas Heine
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstrasse 66c, 01069Dresden, Germany.,Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Abteilung Ressourcenökologie, Forschungsstelle Leipzig, 04318Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University and IBS Center for Nanomedicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Thomas Bein
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13 (E), 81377Munich, Germany
| | - Rahul Banerjee
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur741246, India.,Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur741246, India
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12
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Linkage-Affected Donor–Acceptor Covalent Organic Frameworks for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production. Processes (Basel) 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/pr11020347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The depletion of traditional fossil energy and the resulting environmental pollution forces people to explore new energy sources. Direct use of solar energy is now a viable solution for solving these problems. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are a porous crystalline material; their well-defined two-dimensional or three-dimensional frameworks can ensure the orderly arrangement of photoelectric active units, giving them potential photoelectric conversion applications. The tunable structural features endow COFs many advantages in photocatalytic hydrogen production under visible light. This review comprehensively summarizes the research progress on photoelectronic donor–acceptor (D-A) COFs with tunable structure for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution and will provide a feasible guiding strategy for applying this type of COFs in photocatalytic hydrogen production.
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13
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Zhao Z, Chen X, Li B, Zhao S, Niu L, Zhang Z, Chen Y. Spatial Regulation of Acceptor Units in Olefin-Linked COFs toward Highly Efficient Photocatalytic H 2 Evolution. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2203832. [PMID: 35981892 PMCID: PMC9561862 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202203832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs)-based photocatalysts have received growing attention for photocatalytic hydrogen (H2 ) production. One of the big challenges in the field is to find ways to promote energy/electron transfer and exciton dissociation. Addressing this challenge, herein, a series of olefin-linked 2D COFs is fabricated with high crystallinity, porosity, and robustness using a melt polymerization method without adding volatile organic solvents. It is found that regulation of the spatial distances between the acceptor units (triazine and 2, 2'-bipyridine) of COFs to match the charge carrier diffusion length can dramatically promote the exciton dissociation, hence leading to outstanding photocatalytic H2 evolution performance. The COF with the appropriate acceptor distance achieves exceptional photocatalytic H2 evolution with an apparent quantum yield of 56.2% at 475 nm, the second highest value among all COF photocatalysts and 70 times higher than the well-studied polymer carbon nitride. Various experimental and computation studies are then conducted to in-depth unveil the mechanism behind the enhanced performance. This study will provide important guidance for the design of highly efficient organic semiconductor photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengfeng Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringQilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences)Jinan250353P. R. China
| | - Xuepeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical BiologyCollege of PharmacyNankai UniversityTianjin300071P. R. China
| | - BaoYing Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringQilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences)Jinan250353P. R. China
| | - Shu Zhao
- Institute of Advanced Battery Materials and DevicesFaculty of Materials and ManufacturingBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing100124P. R. China
| | - Liwei Niu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringQilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences)Jinan250353P. R. China
| | - Zhenjie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical BiologyCollege of PharmacyNankai UniversityTianjin300071P. R. China
| | - Yao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical BiologyCollege of PharmacyNankai UniversityTianjin300071P. R. China
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14
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Huang S, Chen K, Li TT. Porphyrin and phthalocyanine based covalent organic frameworks for electrocatalysis. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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15
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Guan Q, Zhou LL, Dong YB. Metalated covalent organic frameworks: from synthetic strategies to diverse applications. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:6307-6416. [PMID: 35766373 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00983d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are a class of organic crystalline porous materials discovered in the early 21st century that have become an attractive class of emerging materials due to their high crystallinity, intrinsic porosity, structural regularity, diverse functionality, design flexibility, and outstanding stability. However, many chemical and physical properties strongly depend on the presence of metal ions in materials for advanced applications, but metal-free COFs do not have these properties and are therefore excluded from such applications. Metalated COFs formed by combining COFs with metal ions, while retaining the advantages of COFs, have additional intriguing properties and applications, and have attracted considerable attention over the past decade. This review presents all aspects of metalated COFs, from synthetic strategies to various applications, in the hope of promoting the continued development of this young field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Guan
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Le-Le Zhou
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Yu-Bin Dong
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China.
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16
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Ma J, Miao TJ, Tang J. Charge carrier dynamics and reaction intermediates in heterogeneous photocatalysis by time-resolved spectroscopies. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:5777-5794. [PMID: 35770623 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs01164b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Sunlight as the most abundant renewable energy holds the promise to make our society sustainable. However, due to its low power density and intermittence, efficient conversion and storage of solar energy as a clean fuel are crucial. Apart from solar fuel synthesis, sunlight can also be used to drive other reactions including organic conversion and air/water purification. Given such potential of photocatalysis, the past few decades have seen a surge in the discovery of photocatalysts. However, the current photocatalytic efficiency is still very moderate. To address this challenge, it is important to understand fundamental factors that dominate the efficiency of a photocatalytic process to enable the rational design and development of photocatalytic systems. Many recent studies highlighted transient absorption spectroscopy (TAS) and time-resolved infrared (TRIR) spectroscopy as powerful approaches to characterise charge carrier dynamics and reaction pathways to elucidate the reasons behind low photocatalytic efficiencies, and to rationalise photocatalytic activities exhibited by closely related materials. Accordingly, as a fast-moving area, the past decade has witnessed an explosion in reports on charge carrier dynamics and reaction mechanisms on a wide range of photocatalytic materials. This critical review will discuss the application of TAS and TRIR in a wide range of heterogeneous photocatalytic systems, demonstrating the variety of ways in which these techniques can be used to understand the correlation between materials design, charge carrier behaviour, and photocatalytic activity. Finally, it provides a comprehensive outlook for potential developments in the area of time-resolved spectroscopies with an aim to provide design strategies for photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiani Ma
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, and the Energy and Catalysis Hub, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Tina Jingyan Miao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London (UCL), WC1E 7JE, London, UK.,Department of Chemistry, University College London (UCL), WC1H 0AJ, London, UK.
| | - Junwang Tang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London (UCL), WC1E 7JE, London, UK
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17
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Zhang T, Gregoriou VG, Gasparini N, Chochos CL. Porous organic polymers in solar cells. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:4465-4483. [PMID: 35583184 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00123c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Owing to their unique porosity and large surface area, porous organic polymers (POPs) have shown their presence in numerous novel applications. The tunability and functionality of both the pores and backbone of the material enable its suitability in photovoltaic devices. The porosity induced host-guest configurations as well as periodic donor-acceptor structures benefit the charge separation and charge transfer in photophysical processes. The role of POPS in other critical device components, such as hole transporting layers and electrodes, has also been demonstrated. Herein, this review will primarily focus on the recent progress made in applying POPs for solar cell device performance enhancement, covering organic solar cells, perovskite solar cells, and dye-sensitized solar cells. Based on the efforts in recent years in unraveling POP's photophysical process and its relevance with device performances, an in-depth analysis will be provided to address the gradual shift of attention from an entirely POP-based active layer to other device functional components. Combining the insights from device physics, material synthesis, and microfabrication, we aim to unfold the fundamental limitations and challenges of POPs and shed light on future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Vasilis G Gregoriou
- Advent Technologies SA, Stadiou Street, Platani, Rio, Patras 26504, Greece. .,National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, Athens, 11635, Greece
| | - Nicola Gasparini
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Christos L Chochos
- Advent Technologies SA, Stadiou Street, Platani, Rio, Patras 26504, Greece. .,Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, Athens 11635, Greece
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18
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Wang C, Zhang Z, Zhu Y, Yang C, Wu J, Hu W. 2D Covalent Organic Frameworks: From Synthetic Strategies to Advanced Optical-Electrical-Magnetic Functionalities. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2102290. [PMID: 35052010 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202102290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs), an emerging class of organic crystalline polymers with highly oriented structures and permanent porosity, can adopt 2D or 3D architectures depending on the different topological diagrams of the monomers. Notably, 2D COFs have particularly gained much attention due to the extraordinary merits of their extended in-plane π-conjugation and topologically ordered columnar π-arrays. These properties together with high crystallinity, large surface area, and tunable porosity distinguish 2D COFs as an ideal candidate for the fabrication of functional materials. Herein, this review surveys the recent research advances in 2D COFs with special emphasis on the preparation of 2D COF powders, single crystals, and thin films, as well as their advanced optical, electrical, and magnetic functionalities. Some challenging issues and potential research outlook for 2D COFs are also provided for promoting their development in terms of structure, synthesis, and functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congyong Wang
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, China
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Zhicheng Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yating Zhu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Chenhuai Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Jishan Wu
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, China
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Wenping Hu
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
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19
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Feng T, Streater D, Sun B, Duisenova K, Wang D, Liu Y, Huang J, Zhang J. Tuning Photoexcited Charge Transfer in Imine-Linked Two-Dimensional Covalent Organic Frameworks. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:1398-1405. [PMID: 35119279 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c04163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The generation of a long-lived charge-separated state in versatile π-conjugated two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks (2D COFs), a process essential to extending their great potentials in advanced semiconducting applications, is yet fully elucidated. Herein, we report a systematic investigation of the photophysical properties of three highly crystalline imine-linked 2D COFs using steady-state and transient absorption spectroscopy accompanied by time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) calculations. The different electron affinity between 5,5',5″-(1,3,5-benzenetriyl)tris(2-pyridinecarboxaldehyde) (BTPA) and three tunable electron-donating/accepting triamine monomers dominated the formation of the excited-state, charge-transfer direction, and lifetime. A prominent charge transfer from electron-rich 4,4',4″-triaminotriphenylamine (TAPA) to BTPA in COFTAPA-BTPA led to the long-lived charge-separated state, which was attributed to a greater degree of delocalization compared to the two other COFs. These results provide fundamental insight into the importance of structure-property correlation for designing advanced photoactive 2D COF materials with the efficient charge transfer and long-lived charge-separated state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Feng
- School of Science, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Daniel Streater
- Department of Chemistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201, United States
| | - Bing Sun
- School of Science, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Korlan Duisenova
- Department of Chemistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201, United States
| | - Dong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yi Liu
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jier Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201, United States
| | - Jian Zhang
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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20
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Guo R, Liu Y, Huo Y, Zhang A, Hong J, Ai Y. Chelating effect between uranyl and pyridine N containing covalent organic frameworks: A combined experimental and DFT approach. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 606:1617-1626. [PMID: 34500163 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.08.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are promising adsorbents for removing heavy metal ions, and have high crystallinity, a porous structure, and conjugated stability. N-containing functional groups are known to have great affinity for uranyl ions. In this work, to explore the peculiarity of the pyridine N structure as an efficient adsorbent, we chose 2,2'-dipyridine-5,5'-diamine (Bpy) and pyridine-2,5'-diamine (Py) as the core skeletons, and 1,3,5-triformylphloroglucinol (Tp) as the linker to synthesize two crystalline and stable N-containing COFs named TpBpy and TpPy, respectively, through a facile solvothermal method. Characterization results demonstrated that TpBpy and TpPy possessed regularly growing pore sizes, large specific surface areas and relatively strong thermal resistances. The results of batch experiments showed that both COF materials were capable of the effective removal of uranyl with uptake capacities of 115.45 mg g-1 and 291.79 mg g-1, respectively. In addition, density functional theory (DFT) simulations highlighted the beneficial chelation effect of the double N structure in pyridine monomers for removing uranyl ions. Combining systematic experimental and theoretical analyses, the adsorption process and interaction mode of porous COFs and UO22+ were revealed, to provide predictable support for the application of pyridine N-containing COFs in the field of environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoxuan Guo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Yang Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Yingzhong Huo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Anrui Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Jiahui Hong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Yuejie Ai
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, PR China.
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21
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Chakraborty J, Nath I, Verpoort F. A physicochemical introspection of porous organic polymer photocatalysts for wastewater treatment. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:1124-1138. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00916h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A detailed physicochemical explanation for experimental observations is provided for POPs as powerful photocatalysts for organic transformations and wastewater decontamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeet Chakraborty
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
- Centre for Ordered Materials, Organometallics and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 (S3), 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ipsita Nath
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
- Centre for Ordered Materials, Organometallics and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 (S3), 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Francis Verpoort
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
- National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Lenin Avenue 30, Tomsk 634050, Russia
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22
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Duygulu E, Alev O, Chumakov Y, Öztürk ZZ, Ayhan MM, Yuksel F. Morphology induced enhanced photoconductivity of a phthalocyanine-based benzimidazole linked two-dimensional conjugated covalent organic polymer. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj00339b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel phthalocyanine-based benzimidazole linked conjugated covalent organic polymer (NiPc-COP1) has been synthesized with multiple randomly ordered crystalline morphologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ercan Duygulu
- Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, 41400, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Onur Alev
- Department of Pyhsics, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, 41400, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Yurii Chumakov
- Department of Pyhsics, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, 41400, Kocaeli, Turkey
- Institute of Applied Physics, MD-2028, Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Zafer Ziya Öztürk
- Department of Pyhsics, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, 41400, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Menaf Ayhan
- Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, 41400, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Fatma Yuksel
- Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, 41400, Kocaeli, Turkey
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23
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Intrareticular charge transfer regulated electrochemiluminescence of donor-acceptor covalent organic frameworks. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6808. [PMID: 34815403 PMCID: PMC8611053 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27127-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The control of charge transfer between radical anions and cations is a promising way for decoding the emission mechanism in electrochemiluminescence (ECL) systems. Herein, a type of donor-acceptor (D-A) covalent organic framework (COF) with triphenylamine and triazine units is designed as a highly efficient ECL emitter with tunable intrareticular charge transfer (IRCT). The D-A COF demonstrates 123 folds enhancement in ECL intensity compared with its benzene-based COF with small D-A contrast. Further, the COF's crystallinity- and protonation-modulated ECL behaviors confirm ECL dependence on intrareticular charge transfer between donor and acceptor units, which is rationalized by density functional theory. Significantly, dual-peaked ECL patterns of COFs are achieved through an IRCT mediated competitive oxidation mechanism: the coreactant-mediated oxidation at lower potential and the direct oxidation at higher potential. This work provides a new fundamental and approach to improve the ECL efficiency for designing next-generation ECL devices.
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24
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Yang C, Jiang K, Zheng Q, Li X, Mao H, Zhong W, Chen C, Sun B, Zheng H, Zhuang X, Reimer JA, Liu Y, Zhang J. Chemically Stable Polyarylether-Based Metallophthalocyanine Frameworks with High Carrier Mobilities for Capacitive Energy Storage. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:17701-17707. [PMID: 34618453 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c08265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with efficient charge transport and exceptional chemical stability are emerging as an import class of semiconducting materials for opto-/electronic devices and energy-related applications. However, the limited synthetic chemistry to access such materials and the lack of mechanistic understanding of carrier mobility greatly hinder their practical applications. Herein, we report the synthesis of three chemically stable polyarylether-based metallophthalocyanine COFs (PAE-PcM, M = Cu, Ni, and Co) and facile in situ growth of their thin films on various substrates (i.e., SiO2/Si, ITO, quartz) under solvothermal conditions. We show that PAE-PcM COFs thin films with van der Waals layered structures exhibit p-type semiconducting properties with the intrinsic mobility up to ∼19.4 cm2 V-1 s-1 and 4 orders of magnitude of increase in conductivity for PAE-PcCu film (0.2 S m-1) after iodine doping. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the carrier transport in the framework is anisotropic, with the out-of-plane hole transport along columnar stacked phthalocyanine more favorable. Furthermore, PAE-PcCo shows the redox behavior maximumly contributes ∼88.5% of its capacitance performance, giving rise to a high surface area normalized capacitance of ∼19 μF cm-2. Overall, this work not only offers fundamental understandings of electronic properties of polyarylether-based 2D COFs but also paves the way for their energy-related applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongqing Yang
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Kaiyue Jiang
- The meso-Entropy Matter Lab, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Qi Zheng
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Xinle Li
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, Georgia 30314, United States
| | - Haiyan Mao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Wenkai Zhong
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, In-situ Center for Physical Science, and Center of Hydrogen Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- The meso-Entropy Matter Lab, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Bing Sun
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,School of Science, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Haimei Zheng
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Xiaodong Zhuang
- The meso-Entropy Matter Lab, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jeffrey A Reimer
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Yi Liu
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jian Zhang
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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25
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Li YJ, Cui WR, Jiang QQ, Liang RP, Li XJ, Wu Q, Luo QX, Liu J, Qiu JD. Arousing Electrochemiluminescence Out of Non-Electroluminescent Monomers within Covalent Organic Frameworks. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:47921-47931. [PMID: 34601862 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c12958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with stable long-range ordered arrangements are promising materials for organic optoelectronics. However, their electrochemiluminescence (ECL) from non-ECL active monomers has not been realized. Here, we report a design strategy for ECL-emitting COF family. The donors and acceptors co-crystallized and stacked into the highly aligned array of olefin-linked COFs, so that electrons can be transported freely. By this means, a tunable ECL is activated from non-ECL molecules with the maximum efficiency of 32.1% in water with the dissolved oxygen as an inner coreactant, and no additional noxious co-reactant is needed any more. Quantum chemistry calculations further demonstrate that this design reduces the COFs' band gaps and the overlap of electrons and holes in the excited state for better photoelectric properties and stronger ECL signals. This work exploits a basis to envisage the broad application potential of ECL-COFs for various biosensors and light-emitting display.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Jie Li
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Wei-Rong Cui
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Qiao-Qiao Jiang
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Ru-Ping Liang
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Xue-Jing Li
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Qiu-Xia Luo
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Juewen Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Jian-Ding Qiu
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
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26
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Qiu W, He Y, Li L, Liu Z, Zhong S, Yu Y. Donor-Acceptor Pairs in Covalent Organic Frameworks Promoting Electron Transfer for Metal-Free Photocatalytic Organic Synthesis. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:11535-11543. [PMID: 34547890 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c01801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The donor-acceptor-type covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have recently gained increasing interest in photocatalysis, but the photoinduced electron-transfer regimes in the COFs are underexplored. Herein, we demonstrate a designed porphyrinic COF possessing a donor-acceptor structure together with its photocatalytic performance in aerobic coupling of primary amines. The COF could be photoexcited by the full range of visible light to generate electron-hole pairs that could be separated by donor-acceptor pairs. Electron transfer as the mechanism of the reaction from anthracene unit to porphyrin unit was revealed by natural transition orbitals analyses. The electrons migrate to the adsorbed O2 to generate reactive oxidative species. The COF displays remarkable photocatalytic activities in the coupling of amines to imines, which can be explained mainly by the sufficient charge separation and mobility, benefiting from the donor-acceptor pairs in the COF and their interactions to the reactants and intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-materials Advanced Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
| | - Yajun He
- Key Laboratory of Eco-materials Advanced Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
| | - Liuyi Li
- Key Laboratory of Eco-materials Advanced Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
| | - Zheyuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-materials Advanced Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
| | - Shenghong Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Eco-materials Advanced Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
| | - Yan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-materials Advanced Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
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27
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Zhou Z, Springer MA, Geng W, Zhu X, Li T, Li M, Jing Y, Heine T. Rational Design of Two-Dimensional Binary Polymers from Heterotriangulenes for Photocatalytic Water Splitting. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:8134-8140. [PMID: 34410139 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c02109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
On the basis of first-principles calculations, we report the design of three two-dimensional (2D) binary honeycomb-kagome polymers composed of B- and N-centered heterotriangulenes with a periodically alternate arrangement as in hexagonal boron nitride. The 2D binary polymers with donor-acceptor characteristics are semiconductors with a direct band gap of 1.98-2.28 eV. The enhanced in-plane electron conjugation contributes to high charge carrier mobilities for both electrons and holes, about 6.70 and 0.24 × 103 cm2 V-1 s-1, respectively, for the 2D binary polymer with carbonyl bridges (2D CTPAB). With appropriate band edge alignment to match the water redox potentials and pronounced light adsorption for the ultraviolet and visible range of spectra, 2D CTPAB is predicted to be an effective photocatalyst/photoelectrocatalyst to promote overall water splitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenpei Zhou
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Centre of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Maximilian A Springer
- Fakultät Chemie und Lebensmittelchemie, TU Dresden, Bergstraße 66c, 01062 Dresden, Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Weixiang Geng
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Centre of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xinyue Zhu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Centre of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Tianchun Li
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Centre of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Manman Li
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Centre of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yu Jing
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Centre of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Thomas Heine
- Fakultät Chemie und Lebensmittelchemie, TU Dresden, Bergstraße 66c, 01062 Dresden, Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
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28
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Lu Z, Yang H, Fu X, Zhao Y, Xiao L, Zhang Z, Hou L. Visible Light-Regulated Heterogeneous Catalytic PET-RAFT by High Crystallinity Covalent Organic Framework. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 42:e2100384. [PMID: 34418210 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are a class of promising photocatalysts for conversing light energy into chemical energy. Based on the tunable building blocks, COFs can be well-designed as photocatalyst for mediating reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization. Herein, 1,3,6,8-tetrakis(4-formylphenyl)pyrene (TFPPy) and 2,2″-bipyridine-5,5″-diamine (Bpy) are chosen to construct imine-based TFPPy-Bpy-COFs for catalyzing RAFT polymerization of methacrylates under white light irradiation. The well-defined polymers with precise molecular weight and narrow molecular weight distribution are obtained. The switch on/off light experiments suggest excellent temporal control toward RAFT polymerization system and the chain-extension reaction indicates high chain-end fidelity of macro-initiators. Mechanism study clarifies that the electron transfer between excited state of TFPPy-Bpy-COFs and RAFT agent can form living radicals to mediate polymerization. This methodology provides a novel platform for reversible-deactivation radical polymerization using COFs as heterogeneous catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Lu
- Department of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China
| | - Hongjie Yang
- Department of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China
| | - Xiaoling Fu
- Department of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China
| | - Yulai Zhao
- Department of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China.,Qingyuan Innovation Laboratory, Fuzhou University, Quanzhou, 362801, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology of Specialty Chemicals, Fuzhou, 350116, China
| | - Longqiang Xiao
- Department of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China.,Qingyuan Innovation Laboratory, Fuzhou University, Quanzhou, 362801, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology of Specialty Chemicals, Fuzhou, 350116, China
| | - Zhuofan Zhang
- Department of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China
| | - Linxi Hou
- Department of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China.,Qingyuan Innovation Laboratory, Fuzhou University, Quanzhou, 362801, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology of Specialty Chemicals, Fuzhou, 350116, China
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29
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Li YJ, Cui WR, Jiang QQ, Wu Q, Liang RP, Luo QX, Qiu JD. A general design approach toward covalent organic frameworks for highly efficient electrochemiluminescence. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4735. [PMID: 34354067 PMCID: PMC8342611 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25013-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) plays a key role in analysis and sensing because of its high sensitivity and low background. Its wide applications are however limited by a lack of highly tunable ECL luminophores. Here we develop a scalable method to design ECL emitters of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) in aqueous medium by simultaneously restricting the donor and acceptor to the COFs' tight electron configurations and constructing high-speed charge transport networks through olefin linkages. This design allows efficient intramolecular charge transfer for strong ECL, and no exogenous poisonous co-reactants are needed. Olefin-linked donor-acceptor conjugated COFs, systematically synthesized by combining non-ECL active monomers with C2v or C3v symmetry, exhibit strong ECL signals, which can be boosted by increasing the chain length and conjugation of monomers. The present concept demonstrates that the highly efficient COF-based ECL luminophores can be precisely designed, providing a promising direction toward COF-based ECL phosphors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Jie Li
- grid.260463.50000 0001 2182 8825College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031 China
| | - Wei-Rong Cui
- grid.260463.50000 0001 2182 8825College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031 China
| | - Qiao-Qiao Jiang
- grid.260463.50000 0001 2182 8825College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031 China
| | - Qiong Wu
- grid.260463.50000 0001 2182 8825College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031 China
| | - Ru-Ping Liang
- grid.260463.50000 0001 2182 8825College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031 China
| | - Qiu-Xia Luo
- grid.260463.50000 0001 2182 8825College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031 China
| | - Jian-Ding Qiu
- grid.260463.50000 0001 2182 8825College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031 China ,grid.495255.aCollege of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Pingxiang University, Pingxiang, 337055 China
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30
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Zhao J, Ren J, Zhang G, Zhao Z, Liu S, Zhang W, Chen L. Donor-Acceptor Type Covalent Organic Frameworks. Chemistry 2021; 27:10781-10797. [PMID: 34002911 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Intermolecular charge transfer (ICT) effect has been widely studied in both small molecules and linear polymers. Covalently-bonded donor-acceptor pairs with tunable bandgaps and photoelectric properties endow these materials with potential applications in optoelectronics, fluorescent bioimaging, and sensors, etc. However, owing to the lack of charge transfer pathway or effective separation of charge carriers, unfavorable charge recombination gives rise to inevitable energy loss. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) can be mediated with various geometry- and property-tailored building blocks, where donor (D) and acceptor (A) segments are connected by covalent bonds and can be finely arranged to form highly ordered networks (namely D-A COFs). The unique structural features of D-A COFs render the formation of segregated D-A stacks, thus provides pathways and channels for effective charge carriers transport. This review highlights the significant progress on D-A COFs over the past decade with emphasis on design principles, growing structural diversities, and promising application potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinwei Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Junyu Ren
- Department of Chemistry and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Guang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Ziqiang Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China.,Institute of Molecules Plus, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Shiyong Liu
- College of Materials, Metallurgical and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, P. R. China
| | - Wandong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Long Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
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31
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Ji W, Wang TX, Ding X, Lei S, Han BH. Porphyrin- and phthalocyanine-based porous organic polymers: From synthesis to application. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.213875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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32
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Bian G, Yin J, Zhu J. Recent Advances on Conductive 2D Covalent Organic Frameworks. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2006043. [PMID: 33624949 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202006043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
As a burgeoning family of crystalline porous copolymers, covalent organic frameworks (COFs) allow precise atomic insertion of organic components in the topology construction to form periodic networks and ordered nanopores. Their 2D networks bear great similarities to graphene analogs, and therefore are essential additions to the 2D family. Here, the electronic properties of conductive 2D-COFs are reviewed and their bonding strategies and structural characteristics are examined in detail. The controlling approaches toward the morphologies of conductive 2D-COFs are further explored, followed by a discussion of their applications in field-effect transistors, photodetectors, sensors, catalysis, and energy storage. Finally, research challenges and forthcoming developments are projected. The resulting survey reveals that the extended porous 2D organic networks with conductive properties will provide great opportunities and essential innovations in various electronics and energy-related fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Bian
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Jun Yin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Jian Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
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33
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Zhang G, Zeng Y, Gordiichuk P, Strano MS. Chemical kinetic mechanisms and scaling of two-dimensional polymers via irreversible solution-phase reactions. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:194901. [PMID: 34240902 DOI: 10.1063/5.0044050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) polymers are extended networks of multi-functional repeating units that are covalently linked together but confined to a single plane. The past decade has witnessed a surge in interest and effort toward producing and utilizing 2D polymers. However, facile synthesis schemes suitable for mass production are yet to be realized. In addition, unifying theories to describe the 2D polymerization process, such as those for linear polymers, have not yet been established. Herein, we perform a chemical kinetic simulation to study the recent synthesis of 2D polymers in homogeneous solution with irreversible chemistry. We show that reaction sites for polymerization in 2D always scale unfavorably compared to 3D, growing as molecular weight to the 1/2 power vs 2/3 power for 3D. However, certain mechanisms can effectively suppress out-of-plane defect formation and subsequent 3D growth. We consider two such mechanisms, which we call bond-planarity and templated autocatalysis. In the first, although single bonds can easily rotate out-of-plane to render polymerization in 3D, some double-bond linkages prefer a planar configuration. In the second mechanism, stacked 2D plates may act as van der Waals templates for each other to enhance growth, which leads to an autocatalysis. When linkage reactions possess a 1000:1 selectivity (γ) for staying in plane vs rotating, solution-synthesized 2D polymers can have comparable size and yield with those synthesized from confined polymerization on a surface. Autocatalysis could achieve similar effects when self-templating accelerates 2D growth by a factor β of 106. A combined strategy relaxes the requirement of both mechanisms by over one order of magnitude. We map the dependence of molecular weight and yield for the 2D polymer on the reaction parameters, allowing experimental results to be used to estimate β and γ. Our calculations show for the first time from theory the feasibility of producing two-dimensional polymers from irreversible polymerization in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Yuwen Zeng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Pavlo Gordiichuk
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Michael S Strano
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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34
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Hu J, Mehrabi H, Meng YS, Taylor M, Zhan JH, Yan Q, Benamara M, Coridan RH, Beyzavi H. Probe metal binding mode of imine covalent organic frameworks: cycloiridation for (photo)catalytic hydrogen evolution from formate. Chem Sci 2021; 12:7930-7936. [PMID: 34168847 PMCID: PMC8188469 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc01692j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Metalation of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) is a critical strategy to functionalize COFs for advanced applications yet largely relies on the pre-installed specific metal docking sites in the network, such as porphyrin, salen, 2,2'-bipyridine, etc. We show in this study that the imine linkage of simple imine-based COFs, one of the most popular COFs, readily chelate transition metal (Ir in this work) via cyclometalation, which has not been explored before. The iridacycle decorated COF exhibited more than 10-fold efficiency enhancement in (photo)catalytic hydrogen evolution from aqueous formate solution than its molecular counterpart under mild conditions. This work will inspire more functional cyclometallated COFs to be explored beyond catalysis considering the large imine COF library and the rich metallacycle chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyun Hu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas Fayetteville Arkansas 72701 USA
| | - Hamed Mehrabi
- Material Science and Engineering Program, University of Arkansas Fayetteville Arkansas 72701 USA
| | - Yin-Shan Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Maddison Taylor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas Fayetteville Arkansas 72701 USA
| | - Jin-Hui Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex System, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Qigeng Yan
- Institute for Nanoscience & Engineering, University of Arkansas Fayetteville Arkansas 72701 USA
| | - Mourad Benamara
- Institute for Nanoscience & Engineering, University of Arkansas Fayetteville Arkansas 72701 USA
| | - Robert H Coridan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas Fayetteville Arkansas 72701 USA
| | - Hudson Beyzavi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas Fayetteville Arkansas 72701 USA
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35
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Chen M, Li H, Liu C, Liu J, Feng Y, Wee AG, Zhang B. Porphyrin- and porphyrinoid-based covalent organic frameworks (COFs): From design, synthesis to applications. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.213778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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36
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Jiang D. Covalent Organic Frameworks: A Molecular Platform for Designer Polymeric Architectures and Functional Materials. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20200389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Donglin Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
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37
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Martínez-Abadía M, Strutyński K, Stoppiello CT, Lerma Berlanga B, Martí-Gastaldo C, Khlobystov AN, Saeki A, Melle-Franco M, Mateo-Alonso A. Understanding charge transport in wavy 2D covalent organic frameworks. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:6829-6833. [PMID: 33620062 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr08962a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Understanding charge transport in 2D covalent organic frameworks is crucial to increase their performance. Herein a new wavy 2D covalent organic framework has been designed, synthesized and studied to shine light on the structural factors that dominate charge transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Martínez-Abadía
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Avenida de Tolosa 72, E-20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
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38
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Huang X, Zhang YB. Covalent Organic Frameworks for Sunlight-driven Hydrogen Evolution. CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.200834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Huang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Shanghai 201210, P. R. China
| | - Yue-Biao Zhang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Shanghai 201210, P. R. China
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39
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Chen J, Jiang L, Li C, Fu W, Xia Q, Wang Y, Huang Y. Facile synthesis of highly porous hyper‐cross‐linked polymer for light hydrocarbon separation. POLYM ENG SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.25606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinghu Chen
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Lingchang Jiang
- College of Biological, Chemical Science and Engineering Jiaxing University Jiaxing China
| | - Chengyun Li
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Wenying Fu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Qineng Xia
- College of Biological, Chemical Science and Engineering Jiaxing University Jiaxing China
| | - Yangang Wang
- College of Biological, Chemical Science and Engineering Jiaxing University Jiaxing China
| | - Yuandong Huang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai China
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40
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Lu M, Zhang M, Liu C, Liu J, Shang L, Wang M, Chang J, Li S, Lan Y. Stable Dioxin‐Linked Metallophthalocyanine Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs) as Photo‐Coupled Electrocatalysts for CO
2
Reduction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:4864-4871. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202011722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Lu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional Materials School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing Normal University No. 1, Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Mi Zhang
- School of Chemistry South China Normal University Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Chun‐Guang Liu
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Beihua University Jilin City 132013 P. R. China
| | - Jiang Liu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional Materials School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing Normal University No. 1, Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Lin‐Jie Shang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional Materials School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing Normal University No. 1, Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Min Wang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional Materials School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing Normal University No. 1, Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Jia‐Nan Chang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional Materials School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing Normal University No. 1, Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Shun‐Li Li
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional Materials School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing Normal University No. 1, Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Ya‐Qian Lan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional Materials School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing Normal University No. 1, Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 China
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41
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Lu M, Zhang M, Liu C, Liu J, Shang L, Wang M, Chang J, Li S, Lan Y. Stable Dioxin‐Linked Metallophthalocyanine Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs) as Photo‐Coupled Electrocatalysts for CO
2
Reduction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202011722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Lu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional Materials School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing Normal University No. 1, Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Mi Zhang
- School of Chemistry South China Normal University Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Chun‐Guang Liu
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Beihua University Jilin City 132013 P. R. China
| | - Jiang Liu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional Materials School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing Normal University No. 1, Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Lin‐Jie Shang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional Materials School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing Normal University No. 1, Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Min Wang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional Materials School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing Normal University No. 1, Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Jia‐Nan Chang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional Materials School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing Normal University No. 1, Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Shun‐Li Li
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional Materials School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing Normal University No. 1, Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Ya‐Qian Lan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional Materials School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing Normal University No. 1, Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 China
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42
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Liu R, Tan KT, Gong Y, Chen Y, Li Z, Xie S, He T, Lu Z, Yang H, Jiang D. Covalent organic frameworks: an ideal platform for designing ordered materials and advanced applications. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:120-242. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00620c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks offer a molecular platform for integrating organic units into periodically ordered yet extended 2D and 3D polymers to create topologically well-defined polygonal lattices and built-in discrete micropores and/or mesopores.
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43
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Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are crystalline porous materials constructed from molecular building blocks using diverse linkage chemistries. The image illustrates electron transfer in a COF-based donor–acceptor system. Image by Nanosystems Initiative Munich.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Keller
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS)
- University of Munich (LMU)
- 81377 Munich
- Germany
| | - Thomas Bein
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS)
- University of Munich (LMU)
- 81377 Munich
- Germany
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44
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Li W, Huang X, Zeng T, Liu YA, Hu W, Yang H, Zhang Y, Wen K. Thiazolo[5,4‐
d
]thiazole‐Based Donor–Acceptor Covalent Organic Framework for Sunlight‐Driven Hydrogen Evolution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202014408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenqian Li
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201210 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Xiaofeng Huang
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 China
| | - Tengwu Zeng
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 China
| | - Yahu A. Liu
- Medicinal Chemistry ChemBridge Research Laboratories San Diego CA 92127 USA
| | - Weibo Hu
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201210 China
| | - Hui Yang
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201210 China
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 China
| | - Yue‐Biao Zhang
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 China
| | - Ke Wen
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201210 China
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 China
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45
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Li W, Huang X, Zeng T, Liu YA, Hu W, Yang H, Zhang Y, Wen K. Thiazolo[5,4‐
d
]thiazole‐Based Donor–Acceptor Covalent Organic Framework for Sunlight‐Driven Hydrogen Evolution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 60:1869-1874. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202014408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenqian Li
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201210 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Xiaofeng Huang
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 China
| | - Tengwu Zeng
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 China
| | - Yahu A. Liu
- Medicinal Chemistry ChemBridge Research Laboratories San Diego CA 92127 USA
| | - Weibo Hu
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201210 China
| | - Hui Yang
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201210 China
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 China
| | - Yue‐Biao Zhang
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 China
| | - Ke Wen
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201210 China
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 China
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46
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Sun Y, Ni C, Zhou Y, Qin Y. Study on the influence of the introduction of the thiophene group on the photocatalytic performance of polymer. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/0954008320982357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Two novel conjugated organic polymers BTTh-1 and BTTh-2 were designed and synthesized. They were prepared by the reaction of two aldehyde units with melamine. Both aldehyde units were based on benzothiadiazole. The difference between the final aldehyde units was the introduction of thiophene groups in the BTTh-2 aldehyde monomer units. The difference between the two materials in the photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline was discussed in the context of the thiophene unit. The degradation efficiency of tetracycline by BTTh-2 (90.9%) was much higher than that of BTTh-1 (40.7%). The characterization results showed that BTTh-2 has a strong charge separation ability and fast transmission rate. After light excitation, the recombination ability of photogenerated holes and electrons becomes weak, and it has better utilization ability for visible light; the bandgap width is narrower.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanchen Sun
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cailing Ni
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yubing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuancheng Qin
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China
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47
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai‐Yang Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 China
| | - Tao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 China
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48
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Yu F, Liu W, Ke SW, Kurmoo M, Zuo JL, Zhang Q. Electrochromic two-dimensional covalent organic framework with a reversible dark-to-transparent switch. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5534. [PMID: 33139714 PMCID: PMC7608553 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19315-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrochromic (EC) materials with a dark-to-transmissive switch have great applications in optical communications, infrared wavelength detectors for spacecraft, and infrared camouflage coatings. However, such electroactive materials with high stability and cyclability are rare. Considering the advantages of the donor-acceptor approach (wide-range tuneable band position) and porous two-dimensional (2D) covalent organic framework (COF, well-ordered crystalline framework with stable structure and high surface area), in this work we constructed an extended delocalised π-electron layered dark purple EC-COF-1 by reacting the donor N,N,N',N'-tetrakis(p-aminophenyl)-p-benzenediamine (TPBD) with the acceptor 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole-4,7-dicarboxaldehyde (BTDD). A sandwiched device made of EC-COF-1 exhibits the two-band bleaching (370 nm and 574 nm) in the visible region and becomes transparent under the applied potential with an induced absorption centring at 1400 nm. This discovery of a stable dark-to-transmissive switch in COF might open another door for their application in many EC devices for various purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.,Institute of Advanced Materials and Flexible Electronics (IAMFE), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, 210044, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbo Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Si-Wen Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, 210093, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mohamedally Kurmoo
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, CNRS-UMR 7177, Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67008, Strasbourg, France
| | - Jing-Lin Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, 210093, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qichun Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore. .,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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49
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Application of Metal-Organic Frameworks and Covalent Organic Frameworks as (Photo)Active Material in Hybrid Photovoltaic Technologies. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13215602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are two innovative classes of porous coordination polymers. MOFs are three-dimensional materials made up of secondary building blocks comprised of metal ions/clusters and organic ligands whereas COFs are 2D or 3D highly porous organic solids made up by light elements (i.e., H, B, C, N, O). Both MOFs and COFs, being highly conjugated scaffolds, are very promising as photoactive materials for applications in photocatalysis and artificial photosynthesis because of their tunable electronic properties, high surface area, remarkable light and thermal stability, easy and relative low-cost synthesis, and structural versatility. These properties make them perfectly suitable for photovoltaic application: throughout this review, we summarize recent advances in the employment of both MOFs and COFs in emerging photovoltaics, namely dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) organic photovoltaic (OPV) and perovskite solar cells (PSCs). MOFs are successfully implemented in DSSCs as photoanodic material or solid-state sensitizers and in PSCs mainly as hole or electron transporting materials. An innovative paradigm, in which the porous conductive polymer acts as standing-alone sensitized photoanode, is exploited too. Conversely, COFs are mostly implemented as photoactive material or as hole transporting material in PSCs.
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50
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