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Liu J, Cabral H, Mi P. Nanocarriers address intracellular barriers for efficient drug delivery, overcoming drug resistance, subcellular targeting and controlled release. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 207:115239. [PMID: 38437916 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
The cellular barriers are major bottlenecks for bioactive compounds entering into cells to accomplish their biological functions, which limits their biomedical applications. Nanocarriers have demonstrated high potential and benefits for encapsulating bioactive compounds and efficiently delivering them into target cells by overcoming a cascade of intracellular barriers to achieve desirable therapeutic and diagnostic effects. In this review, we introduce the cellular barriers ahead of drug delivery and nanocarriers, as well as summarize recent advances and strategies of nanocarriers for increasing internalization with cells, promoting intracellular trafficking, overcoming drug resistance, targeting subcellular locations and controlled drug release. Lastly, the future perspectives of nanocarriers for intracellular drug delivery are discussed, which mainly focus on potential challenges and future directions. Our review presents an overview of intracellular drug delivery by nanocarriers, which may encourage the future development of nanocarriers for efficient and precision drug delivery into a wide range of cells and subcellular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.17 South Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Horacio Cabral
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
| | - Peng Mi
- Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.17 South Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
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2
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Wang Z, Wang L, Chen H, Li T, Li J, Zhang L, Zhong M, Liu Y, Tan W. Topological Single-stranded DNA Encoding and Programmable Assembly of Molecular Nanostructures for NIR-II Cancer Theranostics. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202316562. [PMID: 38061999 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202316562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Molecular nanotechnology promises to offer privileged access to developing NIR-II materials with precise structural and functional manipulation for transformable theranostic applications. However, the lack of an affordable, yet general, method makes this goal currently inaccessible. By virtue of the intriguing nucleic acid chemistry, here we present an artificial base-directed topological single-strand DNA encoding design that enables one-step synthesis of valence-controlled NIR-II molecular nanostructures and spatial assembly of these nanostructures to modulate their behaviors in living systems. As proof-of-concept studies, we construct ultrasmall Ag2 S quantum dots and pH-responsive, size-tunable CuS assemblies for in vivo NIR-II fluorescence imaging and deep tumor photothermal therapy. This work paves a new way for creating functionally diversified architectures and broadens the scope of DNA-encoded material engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Wang
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
| | - Ting Li
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
| | - Jili Li
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
| | - Minjuan Zhong
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
| | - Yanlan Liu
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
| | - Weihong Tan
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
- The Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province for Aptamers and Theranostics, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China
- Institute of Molecular Medicine (IMM), Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
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3
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Kong J, Ju X, Qi G, Wang J, Diao X, Wang B, Zhang C, Li J, Jin Y. "Light-On" Fluorescent Nanoprobes for Monitoring Dynamic Distribution of Cellular Nucleolin During Pyroptosis. Anal Chem 2024; 96:926-933. [PMID: 38158373 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Nucleolin (NCL) is a multifunctional nuclear protein that plays significant roles in regulating physiological activities of the cells. However, it remains a challenge to monitor the dynamic distribution and expression of nucleolin within living cells during cell stress processes directly. Here, we designed "turn-on" fluorescent nanoprobes composed of specific AS1411 aptamer and nucleus-targeting peptide on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to effectively capture and track the NCL distribution and expression during pyroptosis triggered by electrical stimulation (ES). The distribution of nucleolin in the cell membrane and nucleus can be easily observed by simply changing the particle size of the nanoprobes. The present strategy exhibits obvious advantages such as simple operation, low cost, time saving, and suitability for living cell imaging. The ES can induce cancer cell pyroptosis controllably and selectively, with less harm to the viability of normal cells. The palpable cell nuclear stress responses of cancerous cells, including nucleus wrinkling and nucleolus fusion after ES at 1.0 V were obviously observed. Compared with normal cells (MCF-10A), NCL is overexpressed within cancerous cells (MCF-7 cells) using the as-designed nanoprobes, and the ES can effectively inhibit NCL expression within cancerous cells. The developed NCL sensing platform and ES-based methods hold great potential for cellular studies of cancer-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, Jilin,P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xingkai Ju
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, Jilin,P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Guohua Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, Jilin,P. R. China
| | - Jiafeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, Jilin,P. R. China
- Department of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin,P. R. China
| | - Xingkang Diao
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, Jilin,P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Bo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, Jilin,P. R. China
| | - Chenyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, Jilin,P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, Jilin,P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yongdong Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, Jilin,P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
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4
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Sobhanan J, Anas A, Biju V. Nanomaterials for Fluorescence and Multimodal Bioimaging. CHEM REC 2023; 23:e202200253. [PMID: 36789795 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202200253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Bioconjugated nanomaterials replace molecular probes in bioanalysis and bioimaging in vitro and in vivo. Nanoparticles of silica, metals, semiconductors, polymers, and supramolecular systems, conjugated with contrast agents and drugs for image-guided (MRI, fluorescence, PET, Raman, SPECT, photodynamic, photothermal, and photoacoustic) therapy infiltrate into preclinical and clinical settings. Small bioactive molecules like peptides, proteins, or DNA conjugated to the surfaces of drugs or probes help us to interface them with cells and tissues. Nevertheless, the toxicity and pharmacokinetics of nanodrugs, nanoprobes, and their components become the clinical barriers, underscoring the significance of developing biocompatible next-generation drugs and contrast agents. This account provides state-of-the-art advancements in the preparation and biological applications of bioconjugated nanomaterials and their molecular, cell, and in vivo applications. It focuses on the preparation, bioimaging, and bioanalytical applications of monomodal and multimodal nanoprobes composed of quantum dots, quantum clusters, iron oxide nanoparticles, and a few rare earth metal ion complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeladhara Sobhanan
- Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, N10 W5, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0810, Japan.,Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Abdulaziz Anas
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Regional Centre Kochi, Kerala, 682 018, India
| | - Vasudevanpillai Biju
- Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, N10 W5, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0810, Japan.,Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 001-0020, Japan
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5
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Wu Q, Yuan C, Liu N, Shu J, Wang J, Qian J, Zeng L, Zhang H, Wang X, Mei W. Fast detection, a precise and sensitive diagnostic agent for breast cancer. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:201. [PMID: 35698159 PMCID: PMC9190138 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02393-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer targeting diagnostic agent with effective imaging ability is important in guiding plan formulation, prediction, and curative effect evaluation of tumors in clinic. A tumor-targeting nanoprobe based on the functional and programmable Liquid–Liquid phase separation of AS1411 promoted by Ru(II) complex RuPEP may develop into a potential phosphorescence probe to detect breast cancer cells, where AS1411 act as a tumor-targeting guidance moiety to distinguish tumor cells from normal cells and RuPEP act as a light-emitting element to highlight breast cancer cells. Methods Here we designed and constructed a nanoprobe AS1411@RuPEP, and the physicochemical and biochemical properties were characterized by TEM, AFM and EDS. The breast cancer targeting diagnostic capacity was evaluated by normal/tumor cell co-culture assay, tumor cells targeting tracking in xenograft model and cancerous area selectively distinguishing in human patient tissue. Results Further studies indicated that the nanoprobe exhibits excellent tumor-targeting imaging ability in vitro and in vivo by effectively recognize the over-expressed nucleolin (NCL) on the breast cancer cells membrane. Intriguingly, we discovered that the selectively enrichment of nanoprobe particles in tumor cells is related to ATP-dependent NCL transport processes that rely on the AS1411 component of nanoprobe to recognize NCL. Furthermore, preferential accumulation of nanoprobe is clearly differentiating the human breast cancer tissue surrounding non-cancerous tissue in histological analysis. Conclusion This study produce a potent nanoprobe can be used as a convenient tool to highlight and distinguish tumor cells in vivo, and indicate the tumorous grading and staging in human breast cancer patient pathological section, which provides an effective way for breast cancer diagnostic imaging by targeting recognize NCL. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-022-02393-3.
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6
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You Y, Liu H, Zhu J, Wang Y, Pu F, Ren J, Qu X. A DNAzyme-augmented bioorthogonal catalysis system for synergistic cancer therapy. Chem Sci 2022; 13:7829-7836. [PMID: 35865897 PMCID: PMC9258401 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc02050e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
As one of the representative bioorthogonal reactions, the copper-catalyzed click reaction provides a promising approach for in situ prodrug activation in cancer treatment. To solve the issue of inherent toxicity of Cu(i), biocompatible heterogeneous copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) were developed for the Cu-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction. However, the unsatisfactory catalytic activity and off-target effect still hindered their application in biological systems. Herein, we constructed a DNAzyme-augmented and targeted bioorthogonal catalyst for synergistic cancer therapy. The system could present specificity to cancer cells and promote the generation of Cu(i) via DNAzyme-induced value state conversion of DNA-templated ultrasmall CuNPs upon exposure to endogenous H2O2, thereby leading to high catalytic activity for in situ drug synthesis. Meanwhile, DNAzyme could produce radical species to damage cancer cells. The synergy of in situ drug synthesis and chemodynamic therapy exhibited excellent anti-cancer effects and minimal side effects. The study offers a simple and novel avenue to develop highly efficient and safe bioorthogonal catalysts for biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawen You
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resources Utilization, Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230029 P. R. China
| | - Hao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resources Utilization, Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230029 P. R. China
| | - Jiawei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resources Utilization, Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230029 P. R. China
| | - Yibo Wang
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
| | - Fang Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resources Utilization, Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230029 P. R. China
| | - Jinsong Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resources Utilization, Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230029 P. R. China
| | - Xiaogang Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resources Utilization, Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230029 P. R. China
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7
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Silver@quercetin Nanoparticles with Aggregation-Induced Emission for Bioimaging In Vitro and In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137413. [PMID: 35806418 PMCID: PMC9266968 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorescent materials based on aggregation-induced emission luminogens (AIEgens) have unique advantages for in situ and real-time monitoring of biomolecules and biological processes because of their high luminescence intensity and resistance to photobleaching. Unfortunately, many AIEgens require time-consuming and expensive syntheses, and the presence of residual toxic reagents reduces their biocompatibility. Herein, silver@quercetin nanoparticles (Ag@QCNPs), which have a clear core–shell structure, were prepared by redox reaction of quercetin (QC), a polyphenolic compound widely obtained from plants, including those used as foods, and silver ions. Ag@QCNPs show both aggregation-induced luminescence and the distinct plasma scattering of silver nanoparticles, as well as good resistance to photobleaching and biocompatibility. The Ag@QCNPs were successfully used for cytoplasmic labeling of living cells and for computerized tomography imaging in tumor-bearing mice, demonstrating their potential for clinical applications.
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Abstract
Quantum dots (QDs) possess exceptional optoelectronic properties that enable their use in the most diverse applications, namely, in the medical field. The prevalence of cancer has increased and has been considered the major cause of death worldwide. Thus, there has been a great demand for new methodologies for diagnosing and monitoring cancer in cells to provide an earlier prognosis of the disease and contribute to the effectiveness of treatment. Several molecules in the human body can be considered relevant as cancer markers. Studies published over recent years have revealed that micro ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) play a crucial role in this pathology, since they are responsible for some physiological processes of the cell cycle and, most important, they are overexpressed in cancer cells. Thus, the analytical sensing of miRNA has gained importance to provide monitoring during cancer treatment, allowing the evaluation of the disease's evolution. Recent methodologies based on nanochemistry use fluorescent quantum dots for sensing of the miRNA. Combining the unique characteristics of QDs, namely, their fluorescence capacity, and the fact that miRNA presents an aberrant expression in cancer cells, the researchers created diverse strategies for miRNA monitoring. This review aims to present an overview of the recent use of QDs as biosensors in miRNA detection, also highlighting some tutorial descriptions of the synthesis methods of QDs, possible surface modification, and functionalization approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina
S. M. Martins
- International
Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal,LAQV,
REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical
Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University
of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, No. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Alec P. LaGrow
- International
Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
| | - João A. V. Prior
- LAQV,
REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical
Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University
of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, No. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal,
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Zheng Y, He S, Jin P, Gao Y, Di Y, Gao L, Wang J. Construction of multifunctional carboxymethyl cellulose nanohydrogel carriers based on near-infrared DNA-templated quantum dots for tumor theranostics. RSC Adv 2022; 12:31869-31877. [PMID: 36380926 PMCID: PMC9639241 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra05424h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Multifunctional therapeutic platforms with targeted delivery, fast diagnosis, and efficient therapy could effectively reduce side effects and improve treatment in the clinical therapy of tumors. Near-infrared DNA-templated CdTeSe quantum dots (DNA-CdTeSe QDs) were developed as building blocks to construct a multifunctional carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-based nanohydrogel as a nanocarrier to address the challenges of serious side effects and precise treatment in cancer theranostics, including active tumor targeting, fluorescence tracking, controlled drug release, chemotherapy and gene regulation. Single-stranded DNA containing the complementarity sequence of miRNA and cystine, as co-crosslinkers, initiated hybridization between the DNA-CdTeSe QD-modified CMC chain with the anti-nucleolin aptamer DNA (AS1411)-modified CMC chain to form the hydrogels. DOX, as a model drug, was successfully incorporated into the hydrogels. The synthesized multifunctional hydrogel nanocarriers with an average diameter of 150 nm could be taken up through targeting and achieved the controlled release of DOX by triggering both glutathione (GSH) and miRNA in the tumor microenvironment. The CdTeSe QDs trapped in nanohydrogels acted as fluorophores for bioimaging in the diagnosis and treatment process. The proposed multifunctional delivery system provided a potential platform for tumor imaging and precise therapy. Multifunctional carboxymethyl cellulose nanohydrogel carriers for tumor theranostics.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zheng
- The First Hospital in Qinhuangdao Affiliated to Hebei Medical University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Shengquan He
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Nano-biotechnology Key Lab of Hebei Province, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Penghui Jin
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Nano-biotechnology Key Lab of Hebei Province, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Yabiao Gao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Nano-biotechnology Key Lab of Hebei Province, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Ya Di
- The First Hospital in Qinhuangdao Affiliated to Hebei Medical University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Liming Gao
- The First Hospital in Qinhuangdao Affiliated to Hebei Medical University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Jidong Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Nano-biotechnology Key Lab of Hebei Province, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
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10
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Chen Y, Gong X, Gao Y, Shang Y, Shang J, Yu S, Li R, He S, Liu X, Wang F. Bioorthogonal regulation of DNA circuits for smart intracellular microRNA imaging. Chem Sci 2021; 12:15710-15718. [PMID: 35003602 PMCID: PMC8654030 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc05214d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Catalytic DNA circuits represent a versatile toolbox for tracking intracellular biomarkers yet are constrained with low anti-interference capacity originating from their severe off-site activation. Herein, by introducing an unprecedented endogenous DNA repairing enzyme-powered pre-selection strategy, we develop a sequential and specific on-site activated catalytic DNA circuit for achieving the cancer cell-selective imaging of microRNA with high anti-interference capacity. Initially, the circuitry reactant is firmly caged by an elongated stabilizing duplex segment with a recognition/cleavage site of a cell-specific DNA repairing enzyme, which can prevent undesired signal leakage prior to its exposure to target cells. Then, the intrinsic DNA repairing enzyme of target cells can liberate the DNA probe for efficient intracellular microRNA imaging via the multiply guaranteed molecular recognition/activation procedures. This bioorthogonal regulated DNA circuit presents a modular and programmable amplification strategy for highly reliable assays of intracellular biomarkers, and provides a pivotal molecular toolbox for living systems. An on-site bioorthogonal regulated DNA circuit was developed by introducing an endogenous DNA repairing enzyme-mediated sequential activation strategy to achieve cancer cell-selective microRNA imaging with high anti-interference ability.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Chen
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
| | - Xue Gong
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
| | - Yuhui Gao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
| | - Yu Shang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
| | - Jinhua Shang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
| | - Shanshan Yu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
| | - Ruomeng Li
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
| | - Shizhen He
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China.,Research Institute of Shenzhen, Wuhan University Shenzhen 518057 P. R. China
| | - Fuan Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China.,Research Institute of Shenzhen, Wuhan University Shenzhen 518057 P. R. China
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11
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Multifunctional peptide-oligonucleotide conjugate promoted sensitive electrochemical biosensing of cardiac troponin I. Biochem Eng J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2021.108104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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12
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He X, Lam JWY, Kwok RTK, Tang BZ. Real-Time Visualization and Monitoring of Physiological Dynamics by Aggregation-Induced Emission Luminogens (AIEgens). ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2021; 14:413-435. [PMID: 34314222 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-090420-101149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Physiological dynamics in living cells and tissues are crucial for maintenance and regulation of their normal activities and functionalities. Tiny fluctuations in physiological microenvironments can leverage significant influences on cell growth, metabolism, differentiation, and apoptosis as well as disease evolution. Fluorescence imaging based on aggregation-induced emission luminogens (AIEgens) exhibits superior advantages in real-time sensing and monitoring of the physiological dynamics in living systems, including its unique properties such as high sensitivity and rapid response, flexible molecular design, and versatile nano- to mesostructural fabrication. The introduction of canonic AIEgens with long-wavelength, near-infrared, or microwave emission, persistent luminescence, and diversified excitation source (e.g., chemo- or bioluminescence) offers researchers a tool to evaluate the resulting molecules with excellent performance in response to subtle fluctuations in bioactivities with broader dimensionalities and deeper hierarchies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewen He
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China; ,
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Jacky W Y Lam
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China; ,
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Ryan T K Kwok
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China; ,
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China; ,
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
- Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission, SCUT-HKUST Joint Research Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- AIE Institute, Guangzhou Development Distinct, Huangpu, Guangzhou 516530, China
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13
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Li Y, Männel MJ, Hauck N, Patel HP, Auernhammer GK, Chae S, Fery A, Li J, Thiele J. Embedment of Quantum Dots and Biomolecules in a Dipeptide Hydrogel Formed In Situ Using Microfluidics. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202015340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Li
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Max J. Männel
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Nicolas Hauck
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Himanshu P. Patel
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. 01069 Dresden Germany
| | | | - Soosang Chae
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Andreas Fery
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. 01069 Dresden Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Junbai Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) CAS Key Laboratory of Colloids, Interface and Chemical, Thermodynamics Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences 100190 Beijing China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 100049 Beijing China
| | - Julian Thiele
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. 01069 Dresden Germany
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14
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Li Y, Männel MJ, Hauck N, Patel HP, Auernhammer GK, Chae S, Fery A, Li J, Thiele J. Embedment of Quantum Dots and Biomolecules in a Dipeptide Hydrogel Formed In Situ Using Microfluidics. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:6724-6732. [PMID: 33283395 PMCID: PMC7986802 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202015340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
As low-molecular-weight hydrogelators, dipeptide hydrogel materials are suited for embedding multiple organic molecules and inorganic nanoparticles. Herein, a simple but precisely controllable method is presented that enables the fabrication of dipeptide-based hydrogels by supramolecular assembly inside microfluidic channels. Water-soluble quantum dots (QDs) as well as premixed porphyrins and a dipeptide in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were injected into a Y-shaped microfluidic junction. At the DMSO/water interface, the confined fabrication of a dipeptide-based hydrogel was initiated. Thereafter, the as-formed hydrogel flowed along a meandering microchannel in a continuous fashion, gradually completing gelation and QD entrapment. In contrast to hydrogelation in conventional test tubes, microfluidically controlled hydrogelation led to a tailored dipeptide hydrogel regarding material morphology and nanoparticle distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Li
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V.01069DresdenGermany
| | - Max J. Männel
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V.01069DresdenGermany
| | - Nicolas Hauck
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V.01069DresdenGermany
| | - Himanshu P. Patel
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V.01069DresdenGermany
| | | | - Soosang Chae
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V.01069DresdenGermany
| | - Andreas Fery
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V.01069DresdenGermany
- Technische Universität Dresden01069DresdenGermany
| | - Junbai Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)CAS Key Laboratory of Colloids, Interface and Chemical, ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences100190BeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences100049BeijingChina
| | - Julian Thiele
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V.01069DresdenGermany
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15
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Lin P, Zhang L, Chen D, Xu J, Bai Y, Zhao S. A DNA-functionalized biomass nanoprobe for the targeted photodynamic therapy of tumor and ratiometric fluorescence imaging-based visual cancer cell identification/antitumor drug screening. Analyst 2021; 146:835-841. [PMID: 33325918 DOI: 10.1039/d0an02006k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Survivin is widely expressed in tumor tissue, in which the in situ ratiometric fluorescence imaging of intracellular survivin mRNA can provide accurate information for the diagnosis and treatment of cancers, as well as the screening of antitumor drugs. However, the development of a nanoprobe that can be used simultaneously in the diagnosis and treatment of tumors and the screening of antitumor drugs remains a challenge. In an effort to address these requirements, a multifunctional biomass nanoprobe was developed for the photodynamic therapy (PDT) of tumors as well as cancer cell identification and antitumor drug screening based on the ratiometric fluorescence imaging of intracellular survivin mRNA. This nanoprobe was assembled from near-infrared (NIR) biomass quantum dots (BQDs), single-stranded DNA and NIR dye (dylight680) labeled single-stranded DNA. The BQDs contain a large number of chlorophyll molecules, meaning that they can produce a large amount of singlet oxygen under NIR light irradiation, thus realizing the PDT of a tumor. However, the specific binding of the nanoprobe to intracellular survivin mRNA causes the release of dylight680 and reduces the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) efficiency between the BQDs and dylight680 in the probe, thereby achieving the ratiometric fluorescence imaging of survivin mRNA. Therefore, the prepared nanoprobe can not only be used in the diagnosis of cancers, but also in the targeted PDT of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengxiang Lin
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, China.
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16
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Saran R, Huang Z, Liu J. Phosphorothioate nucleic acids for probing metal binding, biosensing and nanotechnology. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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17
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Sayed SM, Xu KF, Jia HR, Yin FF, Ma L, Zhang X, Khan A, Ma Q, Wu FG, Lu X. Naphthalimide-based multifunctional AIEgens: Selective, fast, and wash-free fluorescence tracking and identification of Gram-positive bacteria. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1146:41-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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18
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Liu R, Zhang S, Zheng TT, Chen YR, Wu JT, Wu ZS. Intracellular Nonenzymatic In Situ Growth of Three-Dimensional DNA Nanostructures for Imaging Specific Biomolecules in Living Cells. ACS NANO 2020; 14:9572-9584. [PMID: 32806042 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b09995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Real-time in situ monitoring of low-abundance cancer biomarkers (e.g., miRNAs and proteins) in living cells by nonenzymatic assembly entirely from original DNA probes remains unexplored due to an extremely complex intracellular environment. Herein, a nonenzymatic palindrome-catalyzed DNA assembly (NEPA) technique is developed to execute the in situ imaging of intracellular miRNAs by assembling a three-dimensional nanoscale DNA spherical structure (NS) with low mobility from three free hairpin-type DNAs rather than from DNA intermediates based on the interaction of designed terminal palindromes. Target miRNA was detected down to 1.4 pM, and its family members were distinguished with almost 100% accuracy. The subcellular localization of NS products can be visualized in real time. The NEPA-based sensing strategy is also suitable for the intracellular in situ fluorescence imaging of cancer-related protein receptors, offering valuable insight into developing sensing protocols for understanding the biological function of vital biomolecules in disease pathogenesis and future therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Liu
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, National and Local Joint Biomedical Engineering Research Center on Photodynamic Technologies, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Songbai Zhang
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, National and Local Joint Biomedical Engineering Research Center on Photodynamic Technologies, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde 415000, China
| | - Ting-Ting Zheng
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, National and Local Joint Biomedical Engineering Research Center on Photodynamic Technologies, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yan-Ru Chen
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, National and Local Joint Biomedical Engineering Research Center on Photodynamic Technologies, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jing-Ting Wu
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, National and Local Joint Biomedical Engineering Research Center on Photodynamic Technologies, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zai-Sheng Wu
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, National and Local Joint Biomedical Engineering Research Center on Photodynamic Technologies, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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19
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Peng P, Wang Q, Du Y, Wang H, Shi L, Li T. Extracellular Ion-Responsive Logic Sensors Utilizing DNA Dimeric Nanoassemblies on Cell Surface and Application to Boosting AS1411 Internalization. Anal Chem 2020; 92:9273-9280. [PMID: 32521996 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c01612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
High levels of extracellular H+ and K+ are unique features of the tumor microenvironment and have shown great promise for use in cancer-targeted drug delivery. Here, we design H+- and/or K+-responsive logic sensors utilizing in situ dimeric framework nucleic acid (FNA) assembly on the cell surface and for the first time apply the logic sensors to boosting cellular internalization of molecular payloads in tumor-mimicking extracellular environments. An anticancer aptamer AS1411 is blocked on branched FNA vertexes where a bimolecular i-motif is tethered as the controlling unit to enable a dimeric DNA nanoassembly in response to extracellular pH change. K+ promotes AS1411 to fold into a G-quadruplex and thereby release from dimeric FNA in which a proximity DNA hybridization-based FRET happens. Furthermore, such an AND-gated nanosensor functions more efficiently for AS1411 internalization than the conventional pathway. This finding shows significant implications for tumor-microenvironment-recognizing target drug delivery and precision cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pai Peng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Qiwei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Yi Du
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Huihui Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Lili Shi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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20
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He X, Peng C, Qiang S, Xiong LH, Zhao Z, Wang Z, Kwok RT, Lam JW, Ma N, Tang BZ. Less is more: Silver-AIE core@shell nanoparticles for multimodality cancer imaging and synergistic therapy. Biomaterials 2020; 238:119834. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.119834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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21
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22
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Yang Y, Mao G, Ji X, He Z. DNA-templated quantum dots and their applications in biosensors, bioimaging, and therapy. J Mater Chem B 2019; 8:9-17. [PMID: 31750850 DOI: 10.1039/c9tb01870k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Over the past 10 years, DNA functionalized quantum dots (QDs) have attracted considerable attention in sensing and imaging of disease-relevant biological targets, as well as cancer therapy. Considerable efforts have been devoted to obtaining DNA functionalized QDs with enhanced stability and quantum yield. Here, we focus on a one-pot method, in which phosphorothioate-modified DNA is used as the co-ligand on the basis of the strong binding of sulfur and Cd2+. After a short summary of the preparation of DNA-templated QDs, versatile bioapplications based on the constructed ratiometric fluorescent probes, nanobeacons and multiple bottom-up assemblies will be discussed. A substantial part of the review will focus on these applications, ranging from small molecule, biological macromolecule, cancer cell and pathogen sensing to in vitro and in vivo imaging. Besides, drug or siRNA delivery based on DNA-templated QD assemblies will also be briefly discussed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeling Yang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guobin Mao
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xinghu Ji
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhike He
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, People's Republic of China.
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23
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Park JC, Choi SY, Yang MY, Nan L, Na H, Lee HN, Chung HJ, Hong CA, Nam YS. Subnanomolar FRET-Based DNA Assay Using Thermally Stable Phosphorothioated DNA-Functionalized Quantum Dots. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:33525-33534. [PMID: 31455080 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b07717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Quantum dots (QDs) can serve as an attractive Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) donor for DNA assay due to their excellent optical properties. However, the specificity and sensitivity of QD-based FRET analysis are prominently reduced by nonspecific DNA adsorption and poor colloidal stability during DNA hybridization, which hinders the practical applications of QDs as a biosensing platform. Here, we report subnanomolar FRET assay of DNA through the stabilization of DNA/QD interface using DNA-functionalized QDs with phosphorothioated single-stranded DNA (pt-ssDNA) as a multivalent ligand in an aqueous solution. In situ DNA functionalization was achieved during the aqueous synthesis of CdTe/CdS QDs, resulting in the maximum photoluminescence quantum yields of 76.9% at an emission wavelength of 732 nm. Conventional monothiolated ssDNA-capped QDs exhibited particle aggregation and photoluminescence (PL) quenching during DNA hybridization at 70 °C due to the dissociation of surface ligands. Such colloidal instability induced the nonspecific adsorption of DNA, resulting in false-positive signal and decreased sensitivity with the limit of detection (LOD) of 16.1 nM. In contrast, the pt-ssDNA-functionalized QDs maintained their colloidal stability and PL properties at elevated temperatures. The LOD of the pt-ssDNA-functionalized QDs was >30 times lower (0.47 nM) while maintaining the high specificity to a target sequence because the strong multivalent binding of pt-ssDNA to the surface of QDs prevents the detachment of pt-ssDNA and nonspecific adsorption of DNA. The study suggests that the ligand design to stabilize the surface of QDs in an aqueous milieu is critically important for the high performance of QDs for specific DNA assay.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Cheol Am Hong
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Yeungnam University , 280 Daehak-Ro , Gyeongsan , Gyeongbuk 38541 , Republic of Korea
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24
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Li L, Xing H, Zhang J, Lu Y. Functional DNA Molecules Enable Selective and Stimuli-Responsive Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications. Acc Chem Res 2019; 52:2415-2426. [PMID: 31411853 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.9b00167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) have enormous potential to improve disease diagnosis and treatment due to their intrinsic electronic, optical, magnetic, mechanical, and physiological properties. To realize their full potential for nanomedicine, NPs must be biocompatible and targetable toward specific biomolecules to ensure selective sensing, imaging, and drug delivery in complex environments such as living cells, tissues, animals, and human bodies. In this Account, we summarize our efforts to impart specific biocompatibility and biorecognition functionality to NPs by developing strategies to integrate inorganic and organic NPs with functional DNA (fDNA), including aptamers, DNAzymes, and aptazymes to create fDNA-NPs. These hybrid NPs take advantage of fDNA's ability to either bind targets or catalyze reactions in the presence of targets selectively and utilize their unique physicochemical properties including small size, low immunogenicity, and ease of synthesis and chemical modification in comparison with other molecules such as antibodies. By integrating inorganic NPs such as gold NPs, quantum dots, and iron oxide nanoparticles with fDNA, we designed stimuli-responsive fDNA-NPs that exhibit target induced assembly and disassembly of NPs, resulting in a variety of colorimetric, fluorescent, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based sensors for diagnostic of a broad range of analytes. To impart both biocompatibility and selectivity on inorganic NPs for targeted bioimaging, we have demonstrated DNA-mediated surface functionalization, shape-controlled synthesis, and coordinative assembly of such NPs as specific bioprobes. A highlight is provided on the construction of fDNA-based nanoprobes with light-activatable sensing and imaging functions, which provides precise control of recognition properties of fDNA with high spatiotemporal resolution. To explore the potential of organic NPs for biosensing applications, we have developed an enzyme-responsive fDNA-liposome as a universal sensing platform compatible with diverse biological targets as well as different detection methods including fluorescence, MRI, or temperature, making possible point-of-care diagnostics. To expand the application regime of organic NPs, we collaborated with the Zimmerman group to prepare single-chain block copolymer-based NPs and incorporated it with a variety of functions, including monovalent DNA for assembly, tunable surface chemistry for cellular imaging, and coordinative Cu(II) sites for catalyzing intracellular click reactions, demonstrating the potential of using organic NPs to create promising fDNA-NP systems with programmable functionalities. Furthermore, we survey our recent endeavor in integration of cell-specific aptamers with different NPs for targeted drug delivery, showing that introducing stimuli-responsive properties into NPs that target tumor microenvironments would enable safer and more effective therapy for cancers. Finally, current challenges and future perspectives in fDNA-mediated engineering of NPs for biomedical applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lele Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Hang Xing
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Bio Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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25
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Rong G, Tuttle EE, Neal Reilly A, Clark HA. Recent Developments in Nanosensors for Imaging Applications in Biological Systems. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2019; 12:109-128. [PMID: 30857408 PMCID: PMC6958676 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-061417-125747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Sensors are key tools for monitoring the dynamic changes of biomolecules and biofunctions that encode valuable information that helps us understand underlying biological processes of fundamental importance. Because of their distinctive size-dependent physicochemical properties, materials with nanometer scales have recently emerged as promising candidates for biological sensing applications by offering unique insights into real-time changes of key physiological parameters. This review focuses on recent advances in imaging-based nanosensor developments and applications categorized by their signal transduction mechanisms, namely, fluorescence, plasmonics, MRI, and photoacoustics. We further discuss the synergy created by multimodal nanosensors in which sensor components work based on two or more signal transduction mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoxin Rong
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA;
| | - Erin E Tuttle
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Ashlyn Neal Reilly
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA;
| | - Heather A Clark
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA;
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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26
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He X, Xiong LH, Zhao Z, Wang Z, Luo L, Lam JWY, Kwok RTK, Tang BZ. AIE-based theranostic systems for detection and killing of pathogens. Theranostics 2019; 9:3223-3248. [PMID: 31244951 PMCID: PMC6567968 DOI: 10.7150/thno.31844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic bacteria, fungi and viruses pose serious threats to the human health under appropriate conditions. There are many rapid and sensitive approaches have been developed for identification and quantification of specific pathogens, but many challenges still exist. Culture/colony counting and polymerase chain reaction are the classical methods used for pathogen detection, but their operations are time-consuming and laborious. On the other hand, the emergence and rapid spread of multidrug-resistant pathogens is another global threat. It is thus of utmost urgency to develop new therapeutic agents or strategies. Luminogens with aggregation-induced emission (AIEgens) and their derived supramolecular systems with unique optical properties have been developed as fluorescent probes for turn-on sensing of pathogens with high sensitivity and specificity. In addition, AIE-based supramolecular nanostructures exhibit excellent photodynamic inactivation (PDI) activity in aggregate, offering great potential for not only light-up diagnosis of pathogen, but also image-guided PDI therapy for pathogenic infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewen He
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study and Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Ling-Hong Xiong
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zheng Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study and Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Zaiyu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study and Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Liang Luo
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jacky Wing Yip Lam
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study and Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Ryan Tsz Kin Kwok
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study and Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study and Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
- NSFC Center for Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, SCUT-HKUST Joint Research Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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27
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He X, Yin F, Wang D, Xiong LH, Kwok RTK, Gao PF, Zhao Z, Lam JWY, Yong KT, Li Z, Tang BZ. AIE Featured Inorganic-Organic Core@Shell Nanoparticles for High-Efficiency siRNA Delivery and Real-Time Monitoring. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:2272-2279. [PMID: 30829039 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b04677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) is demonstrated as one of the most powerful technologies for sequence-specific suppression of genes in disease therapeutics. Exploration of novel vehicles for small interfering RNA (siRNA) delivery with high efficiency, low cytotoxicity, and self-monitoring functionality is persistently pursued. Herein, by taking advantage of aggregation-induced emission luminogen (AIEgen), we developed a novel class of Ag@AIE core@shell nanocarriers with regulable and uniform morphology. It presented excellent efficiencies in siRNA delivery, target gene knockdown, and cancer cell inhibition in vitro. What's more, an anticancer efficacy up to 75% was achieved in small animal experiments without obvious toxicity. Attributing to the unique AIE properties, real-time intracellular tracking of siRNA delivery and long-term tumor tissue imaging were successfully realized. Compared to the commercial transfection reagents, significant improvements were obtained in biocompatibility, delivery efficiency, and reproducibility, representing a promising future of this nanocarrier in RNAi-related cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewen He
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Division of Life Science, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay, Kowloon , Hong Kong
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute , Shenzhen 518057 , China
| | - Feng Yin
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Division of Life Science, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay, Kowloon , Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology , Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School , Shenzhen 518055 , China
| | - Dongyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology , Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School , Shenzhen 518055 , China
| | - Ling-Hong Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Division of Life Science, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay, Kowloon , Hong Kong
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute , Shenzhen 518057 , China
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Shenzhen 518055 , China
| | - Ryan T K Kwok
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Division of Life Science, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay, Kowloon , Hong Kong
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute , Shenzhen 518057 , China
| | - Peng Fei Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Division of Life Science, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay, Kowloon , Hong Kong
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute , Shenzhen 518057 , China
| | - Zheng Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Division of Life Science, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay, Kowloon , Hong Kong
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute , Shenzhen 518057 , China
| | - Jacky W Y Lam
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Division of Life Science, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay, Kowloon , Hong Kong
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute , Shenzhen 518057 , China
| | - Ken-Tye Yong
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering , Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 639798 , Singapore
| | - Zigang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology , Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School , Shenzhen 518055 , China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Division of Life Science, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay, Kowloon , Hong Kong
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute , Shenzhen 518057 , China
- Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission, SCUT-HKUST Joint Research Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
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Guo Y, Zhang J, Ding F, Pan G, Li J, Feng J, Zhu X, Zhang C. Stressing the Role of DNA as a Drug Carrier: Synthesis of DNA-Drug Conjugates through Grafting Chemotherapeutics onto Phosphorothioate Oligonucleotides. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1807533. [PMID: 30847970 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201807533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
To stress the role of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) as a drug carrier, an efficient conjugation strategy in which chemotherapeutics can be grafted onto a phosphorothiolated DNA backbone through the reaction between the phosphorothioate group (PS) and a benzyl bromide group is proposed. As a proof of concept, benzyl-bromide-modified paclitaxel (PTX) is employed to graft onto the DNA backbone at the PS modification sites. Due to the easy preparation of phosphorothiolated DNA at any desired position during its solid-phase synthesis, diblock DNA strands containing both normal phosphodiester segment (PO DNA) and phosphorothiolate segment (PS DNA) are directly grafted with a multitude of PTXs without using complicated and exogenous linkers. Then, the resulting amphiphilic PO DNA-blocked-(PS DNA-grafted PTX) conjugates (PO DNA-b-(PS DNA-g-PTX)) assemble into PTX-loaded spherical nucleic acid (SNA)-like micellar nanoparticles (PTX-SNAs) with a high drug loading ratio up to ≈53%. Importantly, the PO DNA segment maintains its molecular recognition property and biological functions, which allows the as-prepared PTX-SNAs to be further functionalized with tumor-targeting aptamers, fluorescent probe strands, or antisense sequences. These multifunctional PTX-SNAs demonstrate active tumor-targeting delivery, efficient inhibition of tumor growth, and the reversal of drug resistance both in vitro and in vivo for comprehensive antitumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jiao Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Fei Ding
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Gaifang Pan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jing Li
- Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South Campus, 6600 Nanfeng Road, Shanghai, 201400, China
| | - Jing Feng
- Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South Campus, 6600 Nanfeng Road, Shanghai, 201400, China
| | - Xinyuan Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Chuan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
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Zhang J, Lan T, Lu Y. Molecular Engineering of Functional Nucleic Acid Nanomaterials toward In Vivo Applications. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1801158. [PMID: 30725526 PMCID: PMC6426685 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201801158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in nanotechnology and engineering have generated many nanomaterials with unique physical and chemical properties. Over the past decade, numerous nanomaterials are introduced into many research areas, such as sensors for environmental monitoring, food safety, point-of-care diagnostics, and as transducers for solar energy transfer. Meanwhile, functional nucleic acids (FNAs), including nucleic acid enzymes, aptamers, and aptazymes, have attracted major attention from the biomedical community due to their unique target recognition and catalytic properties. Benefiting from the recent progress of molecular engineering strategies, the physicochemical properties of nanomaterials are endowed by the target recognition and catalytic activity of FNAs in the presence of a target analyte, resulting in numerous smart nanoprobes for diverse applications including intracellular imaging, drug delivery, in vivo imaging, and tumor therapy. This progress report focuses on the recent advances in designing and engineering FNA-based nanomaterials, highlighting the functional outcomes toward in vivo applications. The challenges and opportunities for the future translation of FNA-based nanomaterials into clinical applications are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- JingJing Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 601 S. Mathews Ave., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Tian Lan
- GlucoSentient, Inc., 2100 S. Oak Street Suite 101, Champaign, IL, 61820, USA
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 601 S. Mathews Ave., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
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30
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Goryacheva OA, Novikova AS, Drozd DD, Pidenko PS, Ponomaryeva TS, Bakal AA, Mishra PK, Beloglazova NV, Goryacheva IY. Water-dispersed luminescent quantum dots for miRNA detection. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2018.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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31
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Yang J, Li BQ, Li R, Mei X. Quantum 3D thermal imaging at the micro-nanoscale. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:2249-2263. [PMID: 30656329 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr09096c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Real-time and accurate measurement of three-dimensional (3D) temperature field gradient maps of cells and tissues would provide an effective experimental method for analyzing the coupled correlation between metabolism and heat, as well as exploring the thermodynamic properties of nanoparticles under complex environments. In this work, a new principle of quantum 3D thermal imaging is proposed. The photoluminescence principle of quantum dots is expounded and CdTe QDs are prepared by aqueous phase synthesis. Fluorescence spectral characteristics of QDs at different temperatures are studied. The optimized algorithm of the optical spot double helix point spread function is proposed to improve the imaging, where optimized light energy increased by 27.36%. The design scheme of a quantum 3D thermal imaging system is presented. The measurement range is (-8 mm, +8 mm). The temperature is calculated according to the temperature-heat curve of quantum dots. The double helix point spread function has converted the defocus distance of QDs into the rotation angle of the double optical spot, thereby determining its position. The experimental results reveal that real-time 3D tracking and temperature measurements of quantum dots at the micro-nanoscale are achieved. Overall, the proposed nano-scale 3D quantum thermal imaging system with high-resolution may provide a new research direction and exploration of many frontier fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China.
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32
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Yue R, Li Z, Wang G, Li J, Ma N. Logic Sensing of MicroRNA in Living Cells Using DNA-Programmed Nanoparticle Network with High Signal Gain. ACS Sens 2019; 4:250-256. [PMID: 30520293 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.8b01422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Molecular circuits capable of implementing Boolean logic in cellular environments have emerged as an important tool for in situ sensing, elucidating, and modulating cell functions. The performance of existing molecular computation devices in living cells is limited because of the low level of biomolecular inputs and moderate signal gain. Herein, we devised a new class of DNA-programmed nanoparticle network with integrated molecular computation and signal amplification functions for logic sensing of dual microRNA (miRNA) molecules in living cells. The nanoparticle network, which is composed of DNA-bridged gold nanoparticles and quantum dots (QDs), could simultaneously interface with two miRNA molecules, amplify the molecular inputs, perform a calculation through AND logic gate, and generate QD photoluminescence (PL) as an output signal. Significant improvement in imaging sensitivity is achieved by integrating the signal amplifier into the molecular computation device. It allows discrimination of specific cancer cell types via intelligent sensing of miRNA patterns in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renye Yue
- The Key Lab of Health Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Suzhou, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Zhi Li
- The Key Lab of Health Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Suzhou, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Ganglin Wang
- The Key Lab of Health Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Suzhou, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Junying Li
- Bio-Ultrastructure Analysis Lab, Analysis Center of Agrobiology and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang University,
Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Nan Ma
- The Key Lab of Health Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Suzhou, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
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33
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Zhou X, Li Y, Wu H, Huang W, Ju H, Ding S. A amperometric immunosensor for sensitive detection of circulating tumor cells using a tyramide signal amplification-based signal enhancement system. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 130:88-94. [PMID: 30731350 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Herein, tyramide signal amplification (TSA)-based electrochemical immunosensor was exploited for highly sensitive detection of CTCs. In this immunosensor, the nucleolin-targeting aptamer AS1411 (CP) was used to specifically capture tumor cells, and a TSA-based signal enhancement system consisting of Pt NPs@HRP@CP composite as catalytic probe and tyramine functionalized infinite coordination polymer (ICPs@Tyr) as electroactive signal tag was applied to improve the detection sensitivity. Using HeLa cell as the model CTCs, after a sandwich reaction, CP-HeLa-Pt NPs@HRP@CP bioconjugates were formed on the electrode. Millions of ICPs@Tyr could be layer-by-layer deposited onto the target cell membrane by the catalysis of Pt NPs@HRP@CP. The developed immunorsensor could detect HeLa cell with a wide dynamic range from 2 to 2 × 104 cells/mL and a detection limit of 2 cells/mL. Most importantly, the amperometric immunosensor was successfully applied to discriminate tumor cells from white blood cells, exhibiting high specificity and sensitivity. In conclusion, this work demonstrates that the TSA-based signal enhancement system might be a potential alternative tool for the electrochemical measurement of trace amounts of CTCs in clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yujian Li
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Haiping Wu
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Huangxian Ju
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shijia Ding
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
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35
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Zhang L, Jean SR, Li X, Sack T, Wang Z, Ahmed S, Chan G, Das J, Zaragoza A, Sargent EH, Kelley SO. Programmable Metal/Semiconductor Nanostructures for mRNA-Modulated Molecular Delivery. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:6222-6228. [PMID: 30188727 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b02263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cytotoxic chemotherapeutics are important tools for the clinical treatment of a variety of solid tumors. However, their use is often complicated by multidrug resistance that can develop in patients, limiting the potencies of these agents. New strategies are needed to provide versatile systems that can respond to and disable resistance mechanisms. We demonstrate the use of a new family of materials, programmable metal/semiconductor nanostructures, for drug delivery and mRNA sensing in drug-resistant cells. These materials are composed of a central core gold nanoparticle surrounded by a layer of DNA-capped quantum dots. The modularity of these "core-satellite" assemblies allows for the construction of superstructures with controlled size and the incorporation of multiple functionalities for drug delivery. The DNA sequence within the nanoparticle specifically binds to an mRNA encoding an important drug resistance factor, MRP1, inside cancer cells, releasing a potent anticancer drug doxorubicin. This event triggers a turn-on fluorescence emission along with a downregulation of the MRP1 drug efflux pump, a main resistance factor for doxorubicin, yielding a remarkable improvement in therapeutic efficacy against drug-resistant cancer cells. This work paves the way for the development of programmable materials with multiple synergistic functionalities for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libing Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario M5S 3M2 , Canada
| | - Sae Rin Jean
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario M5S 3H6 , Canada
| | - Xiyan Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario M5S 3G4 , Canada
| | - Tanja Sack
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario M5S 3M2 , Canada
| | - Zongjie Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario M5S 3M2 , Canada
| | - Sharif Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario M5S 3M2 , Canada
| | - Gordon Chan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario M5S 3M2 , Canada
| | - Jagotamoy Das
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario M5S 3M2 , Canada
| | - Alexandre Zaragoza
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario M5S 3M2 , Canada
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario M5S 3G4 , Canada
| | - Shana O Kelley
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario M5S 3M2 , Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario M5S 3H6 , Canada
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36
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Wang G, Li Z, Luo X, Yue R, Shen Y, Ma N. DNA-templated nanoparticle complexes for photothermal imaging and labeling of cancer cells. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:16508-16520. [PMID: 29938276 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr03503b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In situ monitoring of the photothermal (PT) effect at the cellular level is of great importance in the photothermal (PT) treatment of cancer. Herein, we report a class of DNA-templated gold nanoparticle (GNP)-quantum dot (QD) complexes (GQC) for PT sensing in solution and in cancer cells in vitro. Specifically, the QD photoluminescence (PL) could be activated at elevated temperature with a wide thermo-responsive range between 45 °C and 70 °C, which fits the temperature threshold for effective cancer cell ablation. The general applicability of GQC for intracellular PT sensing is explored using three types of PT agents (gold nanorods (GNRs), gold nanostars (GNSs), and Prussian blue nanoparticles (PBNPs)) with various PT performances. We show that the intracellular QD PL is gradually activated with increasing near-infrared (NIR) irradiation time, providing a good correlation with the surrounding medium temperature for PT sensing. Moreover, we demonstrate that the GQC sensor could be used for specific photothermal labeling and imaging of cancer cells. The QD PL signal is retained in the cells post-treatment, thereby potentially enabling persistent photothermal labeling of cancer cells for post-treatment cell tracking and imaging-guided therapy evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganglin Wang
- The Key Lab of Health Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Suzhou, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China.
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37
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Wang G, Li Z, Ma N. Next-Generation DNA-Functionalized Quantum Dots as Biological Sensors. ACS Chem Biol 2018; 13:1705-1713. [PMID: 29257662 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.7b00887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
DNA-functionalized quantum dots (DNA-QDs) have found considerable application in biosensing and bioimaging. Different from the first generation (I-G) DNA-QDs prepared via conventional bioconjugation chemistry, the second generation (II-G) DNA-QDs prepared via one-step DNA-templated QD synthesis features a defined number of DNA valencies (usually monovalency), which is preferable for controlled assembly and biological targeting. In this review, we summarize recent progress in designing QD probes based on II-G DNA-QDs for advanced sensing and imaging applications. It opens up new avenues for highly sensitive and intelligent sensing of a range of disease-relevant biomolecules in vitro and in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganglin Wang
- The Key Lab of Health Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Suzhou, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi Li
- The Key Lab of Health Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Suzhou, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Nan Ma
- The Key Lab of Health Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Suzhou, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, People’s Republic of China
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38
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He X, Zhao Z, Xiong LH, Gao PF, Peng C, Li RS, Xiong Y, Li Z, Sung HHY, Williams ID, Kwok RTK, Lam JWY, Huang CZ, Ma N, Tang BZ. Redox-Active AIEgen-Derived Plasmonic and Fluorescent Core@Shell Nanoparticles for Multimodality Bioimaging. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:6904-6911. [PMID: 29741379 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b02350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Multimodality imaging is highly desirable for accurate diagnosis by achieving high sensitivity, spatial-temporal resolution, and penetration depth with a single structural unit. However, it is still challenging to integrate fluorescent and plasmonic modalities into a single structure, as they are naturally incompatible because of significant fluorescence quenching by plasmonic noble-metal nanoparticles. Herein, we report a new type of silver@AIEgen (aggregation-induced emission luminogen) core-shell nanoparticle (AACSN) with both strong aggregated-state fluorescence of the AIEgen and distinctive plasmonic scattering of silver nanoparticles for multimodality imaging in living cells and small animals. The AACSNs were prepared through a redox reaction between silver ions and a redox-active AIEgen, which promoted synergistic formation of the silver core and self-assembly of the AIEgen around the core. The resulting AACSNs exhibited good biocompatibility and high resistance to environmental damage. As a result, excellent performance in fluorescence imaging, dark-field microscopy, and X-ray computed tomography-based multimodality imaging was achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewen He
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Division of Life Science, and Division of Biomedical Engineering , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon , Hong Kong.,HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute , Shenzhen , 518057 , China
| | - Zheng Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Division of Life Science, and Division of Biomedical Engineering , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon , Hong Kong.,HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute , Shenzhen , 518057 , China
| | - Ling-Hong Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Division of Life Science, and Division of Biomedical Engineering , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon , Hong Kong.,HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute , Shenzhen , 518057 , China.,Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Shenzhen , 518055 , China
| | - Peng Fei Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Division of Life Science, and Division of Biomedical Engineering , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon , Hong Kong.,HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute , Shenzhen , 518057 , China.,Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Southwest University , Chongqing , 400716 , China
| | - Chen Peng
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Division of Life Science, and Division of Biomedical Engineering , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon , Hong Kong.,HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute , Shenzhen , 518057 , China.,Department of Radiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine , Tongji University , Shanghai , 200072 , China
| | - Rong Sheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Southwest University , Chongqing , 400716 , China
| | - Yu Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Division of Life Science, and Division of Biomedical Engineering , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon , Hong Kong.,HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute , Shenzhen , 518057 , China
| | - Zhi Li
- The Key Lab of Health Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Suzhou, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Soochow University , Suzhou , 215123 , China
| | - Herman H-Y Sung
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Division of Life Science, and Division of Biomedical Engineering , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon , Hong Kong
| | - Ian D Williams
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Division of Life Science, and Division of Biomedical Engineering , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon , Hong Kong
| | - Ryan T K Kwok
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Division of Life Science, and Division of Biomedical Engineering , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon , Hong Kong.,HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute , Shenzhen , 518057 , China
| | - Jacky W Y Lam
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Division of Life Science, and Division of Biomedical Engineering , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon , Hong Kong.,HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute , Shenzhen , 518057 , China
| | - Cheng Zhi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Southwest University , Chongqing , 400716 , China
| | - Nan Ma
- The Key Lab of Health Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Suzhou, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Soochow University , Suzhou , 215123 , China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Division of Life Science, and Division of Biomedical Engineering , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon , Hong Kong.,HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute , Shenzhen , 518057 , China.,NSFC Center for Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, SCUT-HKUST Joint Research Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou , 510640 , China
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39
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Niu W, Teng IT, Chen X, Tan W, Veige AS. Aptamer-mediated selective delivery of a cytotoxic cationic NHC-Au(i) complex to cancer cells. Dalton Trans 2017; 47:120-126. [PMID: 29192701 PMCID: PMC5736135 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt02616a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A novel cationic NHC-Au(i) complex was synthesized and studied for its antitumor activity. For all the cell lines tested, cationic NHC-Au(i) complex 2 shows much higher cytotoxicity than its neutral analogue 1. To achieve selective cancer cell targeting, complex 2 was covalently conjugated to aptamer AS1411, a DNA aptamer with strong binding affinity for nucleolin. The successful conjugation was confirmed by HPLC, gel electrophoresis, fluorescence spectroscopy and UV-Vis absorption. Conjugate AS1411-2 was then examined for its specific targeting and binding ability towards cancer cells over human normal cells using flow cytometry analysis and confocal microscopy. The cytotoxicity of AS1411-2 was then estimated by MTS assay. It was found that AS1411-2 exhibits higher activity than complex 2 towards targeted cells. Importantly, AS1411-2 exhibits much lower cytotoxicity towards healthy normal cell lines. Concurrently, the control groups without the AS1411 aptamer or without the NHC-Au(i) complex do have significant impact on cancer cell viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijia Niu
- University of Florida, Department of Chemistry, Center for Catalysis, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA.
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40
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Shen J, Tang Q, Li L, Li J, Zuo X, Qu X, Pei H, Wang L, Fan C. Valence-Engineering of Quantum Dots Using Programmable DNA Scaffolds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:16077-16081. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201710309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianlei Shen
- Institute of Molecular Medicine; Renji Hospital; School of Medicine and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai 200127 China
- Division of Physical Biology and Bioimaging Center; Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility; Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai 201800 China
| | - Qian Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes; School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; East China Normal University; Shanghai 200241 China
| | - Li Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes; School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; East China Normal University; Shanghai 200241 China
| | - Jiang Li
- Division of Physical Biology and Bioimaging Center; Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility; Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai 201800 China
| | - Xiaolei Zuo
- Institute of Molecular Medicine; Renji Hospital; School of Medicine and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai 200127 China
- Division of Physical Biology and Bioimaging Center; Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility; Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai 201800 China
| | - Xiangmeng Qu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes; School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; East China Normal University; Shanghai 200241 China
| | - Hao Pei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes; School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; East China Normal University; Shanghai 200241 China
| | - Lihua Wang
- Division of Physical Biology and Bioimaging Center; Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility; Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai 201800 China
| | - Chunhai Fan
- Division of Physical Biology and Bioimaging Center; Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility; Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai 201800 China
- School of Life Science and Technology; ShanghaiTech University; Shanghai 201210 China
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41
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Shen J, Tang Q, Li L, Li J, Zuo X, Qu X, Pei H, Wang L, Fan C. Valence-Engineering of Quantum Dots Using Programmable DNA Scaffolds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201710309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianlei Shen
- Institute of Molecular Medicine; Renji Hospital; School of Medicine and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai 200127 China
- Division of Physical Biology and Bioimaging Center; Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility; Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai 201800 China
| | - Qian Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes; School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; East China Normal University; Shanghai 200241 China
| | - Li Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes; School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; East China Normal University; Shanghai 200241 China
| | - Jiang Li
- Division of Physical Biology and Bioimaging Center; Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility; Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai 201800 China
| | - Xiaolei Zuo
- Institute of Molecular Medicine; Renji Hospital; School of Medicine and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai 200127 China
- Division of Physical Biology and Bioimaging Center; Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility; Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai 201800 China
| | - Xiangmeng Qu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes; School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; East China Normal University; Shanghai 200241 China
| | - Hao Pei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes; School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; East China Normal University; Shanghai 200241 China
| | - Lihua Wang
- Division of Physical Biology and Bioimaging Center; Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility; Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai 201800 China
| | - Chunhai Fan
- Division of Physical Biology and Bioimaging Center; Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility; Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai 201800 China
- School of Life Science and Technology; ShanghaiTech University; Shanghai 201210 China
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42
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Wang S, Xia M, Liu J, Zhang S, Zhang X. Simultaneous Imaging of Three Tumor-Related mRNAs in Living Cells with a DNA Tetrahedron-Based Multicolor Nanoprobe. ACS Sens 2017; 2:735-739. [PMID: 28723114 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.7b00290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
We constructed a DNA tetrahedron based multicolor nanoprobe, which could simultaneously imaging of three tumor-related mRNAs in living cells through fluorescence restoration caused by competitive chain replacement reaction. The oligonucleotides used to construct the tetrahedron were extended by adding three 21-base recognition sequences modified with different fluorophores (FAM, Cy3, and Cy5) in the 5' end. Three 11-base complementary sequences modified with quencher (BHQ1 for FAM and BHQ2 for Cy3 and Cy5) were hybridized with the recognition sequences to quench the fluorescence. In the presence of the specific mRNA targets, the recognition sequences hybridized with the targets to form longer duplexes and the fluorescence was restored. Compared with previously reported nanoprobes based on DNA tetrahedron, the multicolor nanoprobe can effectively avoid false positive results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Wang
- Beijing
Key Laboratory for Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Department
of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
- National Insititute of Metrology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Mengchan Xia
- Beijing
Key Laboratory for Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Department
of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Jie Liu
- Beijing
Key Laboratory for Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Department
of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Sichun Zhang
- Beijing
Key Laboratory for Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Department
of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xinrong Zhang
- Beijing
Key Laboratory for Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Department
of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
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43
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Zhao Y, Hu S, Wang H, Yu K, Guan Y, Liu X, Li N, Liu F. DNA Dendrimer-Streptavidin Nanocomplex: an Efficient Signal Amplifier for Construction of Biosensing Platforms. Anal Chem 2017; 89:6907-6914. [PMID: 28514850 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b01551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We develop a DNA dendrimer-streptavidin (SA) nanocomplex as a novel signal amplifier to create biosensing platforms for disease-related species. The DNA dendrimer-SA nanocomplex is fabricated by cross-linking the nonlinear hybridization chain reaction based DNA dendrimer with the SA-coupled linker DNA and possesses multiple sticky ends, a high molecular weight, and a hyperbranched nanostructure with large numbers of DNA duplexes. Taking advantage of the DNA dendrimer-SA nanocomplex and a label-free quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) technology, we first construct a mass-sensitive QCM biosensing platform for nucleic acids, which displays high selectivity and sensitivity, with a detection limit of 0.062 nM KRAS gene fragment. Then we present a fluorescent sensing strategy toward HeLa cells by functionalizing the DNA dendrimer-SA nanocomplex using the sgc8 aptamer and the SYBR Green I intercalating dye. The spiked recoveries of targets in physiological media are greater than 90%, demonstrating potential application of created biosensing platforms in clinical diagnosis. This work expands the rule set of designing DNA nanomaterials for development of biosensing strategies, and provides universal platforms for detecting disease-related species through simply altering the related capture and reporter DNA sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shichao Hu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
| | - Huaming Wang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Applied Toxicology, Institute of Health Inspection and Testing, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Kaiwen Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yan Guan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiaoyun Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
| | - Na Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
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44
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Xiong LH, He X, Xia J, Ma H, Yang F, Zhang Q, Huang D, Chen L, Wu C, Zhang X, Zhao Z, Wan C, Zhang R, Cheng J. Highly Sensitive Naked-Eye Assay for Enterovirus 71 Detection Based on Catalytic Nanoparticle Aggregation and Immunomagnetic Amplification. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:14691-14699. [PMID: 28414215 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b02237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Development of sensitive, convenient, and cost-effective virus detection product is of great significance to meet the growing demand of clinical diagnosis at the early stage of virus infection. Herein, a naked-eye readout of immunoassay by means of virion bridged catalase-mediated in situ reduction of gold ions and growth of nanoparticles, has been successfully proposed for rapid visual detection of Enterovirus 71 (EV71). Through tailoring the morphologies of the produced gold nanoparticles (GNPs) varying between dispersion and aggregation, a distinguishing color changing was ready for observation. This colorimetric detection assay, by further orchestrating the efficient magnetic enrichment and the high catalytic activity of enzyme, is managed to realize highly sensitive detection of EV71 virions with the limit of detection (LOD) down to 0.65 ng/mL. Our proposed method showed a much lower LOD value than the commercial ELISA for EV71 virion detection. Comparing to the current clinical gold standard polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method, our strategy provided the same diagnostic outcomes after testing real clinical samples. Besides, this strategy has no need of complicated sample pretreatment or expensive instruments. Our presented naked-eye immunoassay method holds a promising prospect for the early detection of virus-infectious disease especially in resource-constrained settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Hong Xiong
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Shenzhen 518055, China
- School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xuewen He
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Study, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Division of Biomedical Engineering, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) , Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Junjie Xia
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hanwu Ma
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Dana Huang
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Long Chen
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Chunli Wu
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zheng Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Study, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Division of Biomedical Engineering, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) , Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chengsong Wan
- School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Renli Zhang
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jinquan Cheng
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Shenzhen 518055, China
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45
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Yin B, Wang Y, Dong M, Wu J, Ran B, Xie M, Joo SW, Chen Y. One-step multiplexed detection of foodborne pathogens: Combining a quantum dot-mediated reverse assaying strategy and magnetic separation. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 86:996-1002. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.07.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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46
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Qing Z, Hou L, Yang L, Zhu L, Yang S, Zheng J, Yang R. A Reversible Nanolamp for Instantaneous Monitoring of Cyanide Based on an Elsner-Like Reaction. Anal Chem 2016; 88:9759-9765. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b02720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihe Qing
- School
of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, P. R. China
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Lina Hou
- School
of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, P. R. China
| | - Le Yang
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Lixuan Zhu
- School
of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, P. R. China
| | - Sheng Yang
- School
of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, P. R. China
| | - Jing Zheng
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Ronghua Yang
- School
of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, P. R. China
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
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47
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48
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Hildebrandt N, Spillmann CM, Algar WR, Pons T, Stewart MH, Oh E, Susumu K, Díaz SA, Delehanty JB, Medintz IL. Energy Transfer with Semiconductor Quantum Dot Bioconjugates: A Versatile Platform for Biosensing, Energy Harvesting, and Other Developing Applications. Chem Rev 2016; 117:536-711. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 457] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Niko Hildebrandt
- NanoBioPhotonics
Institut d’Electronique Fondamentale (I2BC), Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, 91400 Orsay, France
| | | | - W. Russ Algar
- Department
of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Thomas Pons
- LPEM;
ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University; CNRS; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC, F-75005 Paris, France
| | | | - Eunkeu Oh
- Sotera Defense Solutions, Inc., Columbia, Maryland 21046, United States
| | - Kimihiro Susumu
- Sotera Defense Solutions, Inc., Columbia, Maryland 21046, United States
| | - Sebastian A. Díaz
- American Society for Engineering Education, Washington, DC 20036, United States
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49
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Li J, Cheng F, Huang H, Li L, Zhu JJ. Nanomaterial-based activatable imaging probes: from design to biological applications. Chem Soc Rev 2016. [PMID: 26214317 DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00476k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Activatable imaging probes as alternatives to "always on" imaging probes have attracted more and more attention due to their improved sensitivity and specificity. They are commonly designed to amplify or boost imaging signals only in response to specific biomolecular recognition or interaction. Thus, the design strategies play a vital role in the fabrication of activatable imaging probes. In this review, we focus on the design mechanisms and biological applications of those nanomaterial-based activatable imaging probes reported in the past five years, benefitting greatly from the good development of nanotechnology. These probes not only include the most studied activatable fluorescence imaging probes, but also cover more activatable MR imaging probes based on nanoparticle contrast agents and activatable photoacoustic imaging probes, providing more bases for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Li
- School of Medical Imaging, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221004, China and Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221006, China
| | - Fangfang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Collaborative Innovation of Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
| | - Haiping Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Collaborative Innovation of Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
| | - Lingling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Collaborative Innovation of Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
| | - Jun-Jie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Collaborative Innovation of Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
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50
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Wang X, Song P, Peng L, Tong A, Xiang Y. Aggregation-Induced Emission Luminogen-Embedded Silica Nanoparticles Containing DNA Aptamers for Targeted Cell Imaging. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:609-16. [PMID: 26653325 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b09644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Conventional fluorophores usually undergo aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ), which limits the loading amount of these fluorophores in nanoparticles for bright fluorescence imaging. On the contrary, fluorophores with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics are strongly fluorescent in their aggregate states and have been an ideal platform for developing highly fluorescent nanomaterials, such as fluorescent silica nanoparticles (FSNPs). In this work, AIE luminogens based on salicylaldehyde hydrazones were embedded in silica nanoparticles through a facile noncovalent approach, which afforded AIE-FSNPs emitting much brighter fluorescence than that of some commercial fluorescein-doped silica and polystyrene nanoparticles. These AIE-FSNPs displaying multiple fluorescence colors were fabricated by a general method, and they underwent much less fluorescence variation due to environmental pH changes compared with fluorescein-hybridized FSNPs. In addition, a DNA aptamer specific to nucleolin was functionalized on the surface of AIE-FSNPs for targeted cell imaging. Fluorescent microscopy and flow cytometry studies both revealed highly selective fluorescence staining of MCF-7 (a cancer cell line with nucleolin overexpression) over MCF-10A (normal) cells by the aptamer-functionalized AIE-FSNPs. The fluorescence imaging in different color channels was achieved using AIE-FSNPs containing each of the AIE luminogens, as well as photoactivatable fluorescent imaging of target cells by the caged AIE fluorophore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory for Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China
| | - Panshu Song
- National Institute of Metrology , Beijing 100029, China
| | - Lu Peng
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory for Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China
| | - Aijun Tong
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory for Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yu Xiang
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory for Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China
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