1
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Buss S, Ketter L, Brünink D, Schwab D, Klenner S, Hepp A, Kösters J, Schmidt TJ, Pöttgen R, Doltsinis NL, Strassert CA. Antiprotozoal Pt(II) Complexes as Luminophores Bearing Monodentate P/As/Sb-Based Donors: An X-ray Diffractometric, Photoluminescence, and 121Sb- Mössbauer Spectroscopic Study with TD-DFT-Guided Interpretation and Predictive Extrapolation toward Bi. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:10114-10126. [PMID: 38780307 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
In this study, it is demonstrated that the radiative rate constant of phosphorescent metal complexes can be substantially enhanced using monodentate ancillary ligands containing heavy donor atoms. Thus, the chlorido coligand from a Pt(II) complex bearing a monoanionic tridentate C^N*N luminophore ([PtLCl]) was replaced by triphenylphosphane (PPh3) and its heavier pnictogen congeners (i.e., PnPh3 to yield [PtL(PnPh3)]). Due to the high tridentate-ligand-centered character of the excited states, the P-related radiative rate is rather low while showing a significant boost upon replacement of the P donor by heavier As- and Sb-based units. The syntheses of the three complexes containing PPh3, AsPh3, and SbPh3 were completed by unambiguous characterization of the clean products using exact mass spectrometry, X-ray diffractometry, bidimensional NMR, and 121Sb-Mössbauer spectroscopy (for [PtL(SbPh3)]) as well as steady state and time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopies. Hence, it was shown that the hybridization defects of the Vth main-group atoms can be overcome by complexation with the Pt center. Notably, the enhancement of the radiative rate constants mediated by heavier coligands was achieved without significantly influencing the character of the excited states. A rationalization of the results was achieved by TD-DFT. Even though the Bi-based homologue was not accessible due to phenylation side reactions, the experimental data allowed a reasonable extrapolation of the structural features whereas the hybridization defects and the excited state properties related to the Bi-species and its phosphorescence rate can be predicted by theory. The three complexes showed an interesting antiprotozoal activity, which was unexpectedly notorious for the P-containing complex. This work could pave the road toward new efficient materials for optoelectronics and novel antiparasitic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Buss
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie - Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, Münster 48149, Germany
- CeNTech, CiMIC, SoN - Heisenbergstraße 11, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Lukas Ketter
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie - Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, Münster 48149, Germany
- CeNTech, CiMIC, SoN - Heisenbergstraße 11, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Dana Brünink
- Institut für Festkörpertheorie, Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, Münster 48149, Germany
- Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Dominik Schwab
- Institut für Festkörpertheorie, Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, Münster 48149, Germany
- Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Steffen Klenner
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie - Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Alexander Hepp
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie - Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Jutta Kösters
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie - Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Thomas J Schmidt
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Rainer Pöttgen
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie - Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Nikos L Doltsinis
- Institut für Festkörpertheorie, Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, Münster 48149, Germany
- Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Cristian A Strassert
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie - Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, Münster 48149, Germany
- CeNTech, CiMIC, SoN - Heisenbergstraße 11, Münster 48149, Germany
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2
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Hung TC, Godinez-Loyola Y, Steinbrecher M, Kiraly B, Khajetoorians AA, Doltsinis NL, Strassert CA, Wegner D. Activating the Fluorescence of a Ni(II) Complex by Energy Transfer. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:8858-8864. [PMID: 38513215 PMCID: PMC10996004 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c07716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Luminescence of open-shell 3d metal complexes is often quenched due to ultrafast intersystem crossing (ISC) and cooling into a dark metal-centered excited state. We demonstrate successful activation of fluorescence from individual nickel phthalocyanine (NiPc) molecules in the junction of a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) by resonant energy transfer from other metal phthalocyanines at low temperature. By combining STM, scanning tunneling spectroscopy, STM-induced luminescence, and photoluminescence experiments as well as time-dependent density functional theory, we provide evidence that there is an activation barrier for the ISC, which, in most experimental conditions, is overcome. We show that this is also the case in an electroluminescent tunnel junction where individual NiPc molecules adsorbed on an ultrathin NaCl decoupling film on a Ag(111) substrate are probed. However, when an MPc (M = Zn, Pd, Pt) molecule is placed close to NiPc by means of STM atomic manipulation, resonant energy transfer can excite NiPc without overcoming the ISC activation barrier, leading to Q-band fluorescence. This work demonstrates that the thermally activated population of dark metal-centered states can be avoided by a designed local environment at low temperatures paired with directed molecular excitation into vibrationally cold electronic states. Thus, we can envisage the use of luminophores based on more abundant transition metal complexes that do not rely on Pt or Ir by restricting vibration-induced ISC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Chao Hung
- Institute
for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Institute
for Experimental and Applied Physics, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Yokari Godinez-Loyola
- Institut
für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center
for Nanotechnology (CeNTech), University
of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Manuel Steinbrecher
- Institute
for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Brian Kiraly
- Institute
for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Nikos L. Doltsinis
- Institut
für Festkörpertheorie and Center for Multiscale Theory
and Computation, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Cristian A. Strassert
- Institut
für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center
for Nanotechnology (CeNTech), University
of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Cells in
Motion Interfaculty Centre (CiMIC) and Center for Soft Nanoscience
(SoN), University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Daniel Wegner
- Institute
for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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3
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Kirse TM, Maisuls I, Spierling L, Hepp A, Kösters J, Strassert CA. One Dianionic Luminophore with Three Coordination Modes Binding Four Different Metals: Toward Unexpectedly Phosphorescent Transition Metal Complexes. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2306801. [PMID: 38161218 PMCID: PMC10953592 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
This work reports on a battery of coordination compounds featuring a versatile dianionic luminophore adopting three different coordination modes (mono, bi, and tridentate) while chelating Pd(II), Pt(II), Au(III), and Hg(II) centers. An in-depth structural characterization of the ligand precursor (H2 L) and six transition metal complexes ([HLPdCNtBu], [LPtCl], [LPtCNtBu], [LPtCNPhen], [HLHgCl], and [LAuCl]) is presented. The influence of the cations and coordination modes of the luminophore and co-ligands on the photophysical properties (including photoluminescence quantum yields (ΦL ), excited state lifetimes (τ), and average (non-)radiative rate constants) are evaluated at various temperatures in different phases. Five complexes show interesting photophysical properties at room temperature (RT) in solution. Embedment in frozen glassy matrices at 77 K significantly boosts their luminescence by suppressing radiationless deactivation paths. Thus, the Pt(II)-based compounds provide the highest efficiencies, with slight variations upon exchange of the ancillary ligand. In the case of [HLPdCNtBu], both ΦL and τ increase over 30-fold as compared to RT. Furthermore, the Hg(II) complex achieves, for the first time in its class, a ΦL exceeding 60% and millisecond-range lifetimes. This demonstrates that a judicious ligand design can pave the way toward versatile coordination compounds with tunable excited state properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M. Kirse
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische ChemieUniversität MünsterCorrensstr. 28/3048149MünsterGermany
- CiMiCSoN and CeNTechUniversität MünsterHeisenbergstr. 1148149MünsterGermany
| | - Iván Maisuls
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische ChemieUniversität MünsterCorrensstr. 28/3048149MünsterGermany
- CiMiCSoN and CeNTechUniversität MünsterHeisenbergstr. 1148149MünsterGermany
| | - Leander Spierling
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische ChemieUniversität MünsterCorrensstr. 28/3048149MünsterGermany
- CiMiCSoN and CeNTechUniversität MünsterHeisenbergstr. 1148149MünsterGermany
| | - Alexander Hepp
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische ChemieUniversität MünsterCorrensstr. 28/3048149MünsterGermany
| | - Jutta Kösters
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische ChemieUniversität MünsterCorrensstr. 28/3048149MünsterGermany
| | - Cristian A. Strassert
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische ChemieUniversität MünsterCorrensstr. 28/3048149MünsterGermany
- CiMiCSoN and CeNTechUniversität MünsterHeisenbergstr. 1148149MünsterGermany
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4
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Romo-Islas G, Burguera S, Frontera A, Rodríguez L. Investigating the Impact of Packing and Environmental Factors on the Luminescence of Pt(N^N^N) Chromophores. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:2821-2832. [PMID: 38259118 PMCID: PMC10848268 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Four Pt(II)(N^N^N) compounds featuring DMSO coordination at the fourth position were synthesized. Ligands varied in terms of pyridyl central ring (hydrogen/chlorine substituent) and lateral rings (triazoles with CF3 substitution or tetrazoles). Coordination to pyridine yielded tetra-nitrogen coordinated Pt(II) complexes or Pt-functionalized polymers using commercial 4-pyridyl polyvinyl (PV) or dimethylaminopyridine. Luminescence behaviors exhibited remarkable environmental dependence. While some of the molecular compounds (tetrazole derivatives) in solid state displayed quenched luminescence, all the polymers exhibited 3MMLCT emission around 600 nm. Conversely, monomer emission was evident on poly(methyl methacrylate) or polystyrene matrices. DFT calculations were used to analyze the aggregation of the complexes both at the molecular level and coordinated to the PV polymer and their influence on the HOMO-LUMO gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Romo-Islas
- Departament
de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Secció
de Química Inorgànica., Institut
de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB). Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, Barcelona E-08028, Spain
| | - Sergi Burguera
- Departament
de Química, Universitat de les Illes
Balears, Palma
de Mallorca 07122, Spain
| | - Antonio Frontera
- Departament
de Química, Universitat de les Illes
Balears, Palma
de Mallorca 07122, Spain
| | - Laura Rodríguez
- Departament
de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Secció
de Química Inorgànica., Institut
de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB). Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, Barcelona E-08028, Spain
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5
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Gutierrez Suburu ME, Blanke M, Hepp A, Maus O, Schwab D, Doltsinis NL, Zeier WG, Giese M, Voskuhl J, Strassert CA. Pt(II) Complexes with Tetradentate C^N*N^C Luminophores: From Supramolecular Interactions to Temperature-Sensing Materials with Memory and Optical Readouts. Molecules 2023; 28:7353. [PMID: 37959770 PMCID: PMC10649584 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28217353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of four regioisomeric Pt(II) complexes (PtLa-n and PtLb-n) bearing tetradentate luminophores as dianionic ligands were synthesized. Hence, both classes of cyclometallating chelators were decorated with three n-hexyl (n = 6) or n-dodecyl (n = 12) chains. The new compounds were unambiguously characterized by means of multiple NMR spectroscopies and mass spectrometry. Steady-state and time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy as well quantum chemical calculations show that the effect of the regioisomerism on the emission colour and on the deactivation rate constants can be correlated with the participation of the Pt atom on the excited state. The thermal properties of the complexes were studied by DSC, POM and temperature-dependent steady-state photoluminescence spectroscopy. Three of the four complexes (PtLa-12, PtLb-6 and PtLb-12) present an intriguing thermochromism resulting from the responsive metal-metal interactions involving adjacent monomeric units. Each material has different transition temperatures and memory capabilities, which can be tuned at the intermolecular level. Hence, dipole-dipole interactions between the luminophores and disruption of the crystalline packing by the alkyl groups are responsible for the final properties of the resulting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matias E. Gutierrez Suburu
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, D-48149 Münster, Germany
- Center of Nanotechnology (CeNTech), Center for Soft Nanosciences (SoN), Cells in Motion Interfaculty Cluster (CiMIC), Universität Münster, Heisenbergstraße 11, D-48149 Munster, Germany
| | - Meik Blanke
- Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), Faculty of Chemistry (Organic Chemistry), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 7, D-45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Alexander Hepp
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Oliver Maus
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Dominik Schwab
- Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Institut für Festkörpertheorie, Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Nikos L. Doltsinis
- Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Institut für Festkörpertheorie, Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Wolfgang G. Zeier
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Michael Giese
- Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), Faculty of Chemistry (Organic Chemistry), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 7, D-45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Jens Voskuhl
- Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), Faculty of Chemistry (Organic Chemistry), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 7, D-45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Cristian A. Strassert
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, D-48149 Münster, Germany
- Center of Nanotechnology (CeNTech), Center for Soft Nanosciences (SoN), Cells in Motion Interfaculty Cluster (CiMIC), Universität Münster, Heisenbergstraße 11, D-48149 Munster, Germany
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6
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Shakirova OG, Os'kina IA, Korotaev EV, Petrov SA, Kuratieva NV, Tikhonov AY, Lavrenova LG. Spin Crossover and Thermochromism in Iron(II) Complexes with 2,6-Bis(1 H-imidazol-2-yl)-4-methoxypyridine. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9853. [PMID: 37373001 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
New iron(II) complexes with 2,6-bis(1H-imidazol-2-yl)-4-methoxypyridine (L) of the composition [FeL2]An∙mH2O (A = SO42-, n = 1, m = 2 (I); A = ReO4-, n = 2, m = 1 (II); A = Br-, n = 2, m = 2 (III)) have been synthesized and investigated. To determine the coordination ability of the ligand, a single crystal of a copper(II) complex of the composition [CuLCl2] (IV) was obtained and studied by X-ray technique. Compounds I-III were studied using methods of X-ray phase analysis, electron (diffuse reflection spectra), infrared and Mössbauer spectroscopy, static magnetic susceptibility. The study of the µeff(T) dependence showed that the 1A1 ↔ 5T2 spin crossover manifests itself in the compounds. The spin crossover is accompanied by thermochromism: there is a distinct color change orange ↔ red-violet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga G Shakirova
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, Faculty of Machinery and Chemical Technologies, Federal State Budget Institution of Higher Education, Komsomolsk-na-Amure State University, 681013 Komsomolsk-on-Amur, Russia
| | - Irina A Os'kina
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Evgeniy V Korotaev
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Sergey A Petrov
- Institute of Solid State Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630128 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Natalia V Kuratieva
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alexsei Ya Tikhonov
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Lyudmila G Lavrenova
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
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7
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Theiss T, Buss S, Maisuls I, López-Arteaga R, Brünink D, Kösters J, Hepp A, Doltsinis NL, Weiss EA, Strassert CA. Room-Temperature Phosphorescence from Pd(II) and Pt(II) Complexes as Supramolecular Luminophores: The Role of Self-Assembly, Metal-Metal Interactions, Spin-Orbit Coupling, and Ligand-Field Splitting. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:3937-3951. [PMID: 36780431 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c09775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis as well as the structural and photophysical characterization of two isoleptic bis-cyclometalated Pt(II) and Pd(II) complexes, namely [PtL] and [PdL], bearing a tailored dianionic tetradentate ligand (L2-) are reported. The isostructural character and intermolecular interactions of [PtL] and [PdL] were assessed by NMR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. Both complexes show fully ligand-controlled aggregation, demonstrating that a judicious molecular design can tune the photophysical properties. In fact, by introduction of fluorine atoms on defined positions and methoxy groups on complementary sites, metal-metal interactions can be forced by a head-to-tail stacking. Hence, [PtL] shows luminescence from metal-perturbed ligand-centered or from metal-metal-to-ligand charge-transfer triplet states in diluted solutions, in frozen glasses and in crystals, with high photoluminescence quantum yields and long lifetimes in the microsecond range. At room temperature (RT) in concentrated fluid solutions, the palladium analogue [PdL] surprisingly emits luminescence from aggregated species involving supramolecular interactions. Time-resolved photoluminescence and transient absorption spectroscopies demonstrated that ultrafast intersystem crossing occurs for both metals, which outruns any competitive relaxation pathway from the photoexcited singlet state. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the radiationless deactivation can be suppressed in frozen glassy matrices at 77 K and by intermolecular interactions in fluid solutions at RT. In both cases and as indicated by density functional theory calculations, the lowest emissive state acts as an energy trap from which the thermal population of dissociative states with formal occupation of an antibonding Pd-centered 4dx2-y2 orbital is suppressed. This occurs as the energy gap between the emissive and the dark states surpasses kT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Theiss
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149 Münster, Germany
- CiMIC, SoN, CeNTech, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Heisenbergstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Stefan Buss
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149 Münster, Germany
- CiMIC, SoN, CeNTech, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Heisenbergstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Iván Maisuls
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149 Münster, Germany
- CiMIC, SoN, CeNTech, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Heisenbergstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Rafael López-Arteaga
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd., Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Dana Brünink
- Institut für Festkörpertheorie and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Jutta Kösters
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Alexander Hepp
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Nikos L Doltsinis
- Institut für Festkörpertheorie and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Emily A Weiss
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd., Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Cristian A Strassert
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149 Münster, Germany
- CiMIC, SoN, CeNTech, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Heisenbergstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
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8
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Maisuls I, Kirse TM, Hepp A, Kösters J, Wolcan E, Strassert CA. Rhenium(I) Complexes with Neutral Monodentate Coligands and Monoanionic 2-(1,2,4-Triazol-5-yl)pyridine-Based Chelators as Bidentate Luminophores with Tunable Color and Photosensitized Generation of 1O 2: An Integrated Case Study Involving Photophysics and Theory. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:13775-13791. [PMID: 35998339 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we describe the synthesis as well as structural, photophysical, and theoretical investigation of a new coordination chemical concept involving rhenium(I) complexes bearing monoanionic 1,2,4-triazolylpyridine-based bidentate chromophores. The X-ray diffractometric analysis of single crystals revealed particular packing features: the trifluoromethylated exemplar displayed two kinds of arrangements of the coordination centers, where the bidentate ligands at the edges of the unit cell are staggered parallel to each other, whereas those inside show antiparallel stacking with respect to the external ligands. On the other hand, the complexes bearing an adamantyl substituent yield a linear arrangement, where the bulky moiety of one luminophore points to the pyridine center of the adjacent ligand of the neighboring complex while including methanol molecules hydrogen-bonded to the triazolato unit. We observed that the photophysical properties of the complexes (photoexcited-state lifetimes, photoluminescence maxima and quantum yields) can be adjusted by tuning of the substitution pattern at the bidentate luminophore as well as by variation of the monodentate coligand. The photoluminescence spectra and photoexcited-state lifetimes of the crystalline phases were measured by phosphorescence lifetime micro(spectro)scopy. Interestingly, the vibrationally resolved emission spectra of the crystals closely resemble those of diluted frozen glassy matrixes at 77 K, in contrast with the broad bands observed in amorphous solids and in fluid solutions, where the charge-transfer character is enhanced. While the photoluminescence quantum yields (ΦL) reach up to 15%, the complexes are able to attain up to 55% efficiency regarding the photosensitization of 1O2 (ΦΔ), depending on the combination of luminophore and coligand. Theoretical calculations showed that the photoexcited triplet (T1) state has a metal-ligand-to-ligand charge-transfer character, where promotion to the excited electronic configuration shortens the Re(I)-N bond involving the bidentate triazolylpyridine while stretching the three fac-CO-Re(I) bonds as well as the linkage to the axial monodentate coligand. The calculated vertical (Evl) and 0-0 (E(0-0)) radiative transition energies are in very good agreement with the experimental values (Eexplum).
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Maisuls
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, Münster D-48149, Germany.,CeNTech, CiMIC, SoN, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Heisenbergstraße 11, Münster D-48149, Germany
| | - Thomas M Kirse
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, Münster D-48149, Germany.,CeNTech, CiMIC, SoN, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Heisenbergstraße 11, Münster D-48149, Germany
| | - Alexander Hepp
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, Münster D-48149, Germany
| | - Jutta Kösters
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, Münster D-48149, Germany
| | - Ezequiel Wolcan
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA, UNLP, CCT La Plata-CONICET), Diagonal 113 and 64, Sucursal 4, Casilla de Correo 16, La Plata B1906, Argentina
| | - Cristian A Strassert
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, Münster D-48149, Germany.,CeNTech, CiMIC, SoN, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Heisenbergstraße 11, Münster D-48149, Germany
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9
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Gutierrez Suburu ME, Maisuls I, Kösters J, Strassert CA. Room-temperature luminescence from Pd(II) and Pt(II) complexes: from mechanochromic crystals to flexible polymer matrices. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:13342-13350. [PMID: 35983882 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01693a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of Pd(II) (PdLOMe, PdLOHex) and Pt(II) (PtLOMe, PtLOHex) complexes bearing tetradentate ligands as dianionic luminophores were synthesized. Hence, the cyclometallating chelators were alternatively decorated with two n-hexyloxy (LOHex) or two methoxy (LOMe) moieties to promote crystallization and processability. The new compounds were unambiguously characterized by means of multiple NMR spectroscopies and mass spectrometry as well as by single crystal X-ray diffractometric analysis (PtLOMe and PdLOMe). Steady state and time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopic studies were carried out in crystalline phases, in fluid solutions at room temperature, in frozen glassy matrices at 77 K and in a flexible polymeric matrix (PMMA). PtLOMe presents an intriguing mechanochromism resulting from the responsive metal-metal interactions involving adjacent monomeric units. Incorporation of the Pd(II) complexes into the polymeric matrix boosts their photophysical properties by stiffening of the coordination environment while reducing non-radiative deactivation pathways mediated by dissociative metal-centred states, which also become thermally inaccessible at 77 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matias E Gutierrez Suburu
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, D-48149 Münster, Germany. .,CeNTech, SoN, CiMIC, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Heisenbergstraße 11, D-48149 Munster, Germany
| | - Iván Maisuls
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, D-48149 Münster, Germany. .,CeNTech, SoN, CiMIC, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Heisenbergstraße 11, D-48149 Munster, Germany
| | - Jutta Kösters
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Cristian A Strassert
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, D-48149 Münster, Germany. .,CeNTech, SoN, CiMIC, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Heisenbergstraße 11, D-48149 Munster, Germany
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10
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Maisuls I, Boisten F, Hebenbrock M, Alfke J, Schürmann L, Jasper-Peter B, Hepp A, Esselen M, Müller J, Strassert CA. Monoanionic C^N^N Luminophores and Monodentate C-Donor Co-Ligands for Phosphorescent Pt(II) Complexes: A Case Study Involving Their Photophysics and Cytotoxicity. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:9195-9204. [PMID: 35666659 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c00753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A family of Pt(II) complexes bearing monoanionic C^N^N ligands as luminophoric units as well as a set of monodentate ligands derived from allenylidene and carbene species were synthesized and characterized in terms of structure and photophysical properties. In addition, we present the extraordinary molecular structure of a phosphorescent complex carrying an allenylidene ligand. Depending on the co-ligand, an effect can be observed in the photoluminescence lifetimes and quantum yields as well as in the radiative and radiation less deactivation rate constants. Their correlation with the substitution pattern was analyzed by comparing the photoluminescence in fluid solution at room temperature and in frozen glassy matrices at 77 K. Moreover, in order to gain a deeper understanding of the electronic states responsible for the optical properties, density functional theory calculations were performed. Finally, the cytotoxicity of the complexes was evaluated in vitro, showing that the cationic complexes exhibit strong effects at low micromolar concentrations. The calculated half-maximum effective concentrations (EC50 values) were 4 times lower in comparison to the established antitumor agent oxaliplatin. In contrast, the neutral species are less toxic, rendering them as potential bioimaging agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Maisuls
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, Münster 48149, Germany.,CeNTech, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Heisenbergstraße 11, Münster 48149, Germany.,Cells in Motion Interfaculty Centre (CiMIC) and Center for Soft Nanoscience (SoN), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Felix Boisten
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Marian Hebenbrock
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Julian Alfke
- Institut für Lebensmittelchemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 45, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Lina Schürmann
- Institut für Lebensmittelchemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 45, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Beate Jasper-Peter
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Alexander Hepp
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Melanie Esselen
- Institut für Lebensmittelchemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 45, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Jens Müller
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, Münster 48149, Germany.,Cells in Motion Interfaculty Centre (CiMIC) and Center for Soft Nanoscience (SoN), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Cristian A Strassert
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, Münster 48149, Germany.,CeNTech, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Heisenbergstraße 11, Münster 48149, Germany.,Cells in Motion Interfaculty Centre (CiMIC) and Center for Soft Nanoscience (SoN), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, Münster 48149, Germany
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11
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Xu X, He F, Yan H, Huo F, Dong H, Liu L, Zhang C, Zhao F. Nontraditional Luminescent Molecular Aggregates Encapsulated by Wormlike Silica Nanoparticles for Latent Fingerprint Detection. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:51695-51707. [PMID: 34669365 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c14677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The phenomenon of nontraditional luminescence has attracted wide attention and curiosity of researchers due to its inexplicable photoluminescence paradigm without aromatic or extended π-systems. The present work puts forward a neotype of a light-emitting nitrogenous small molecule, namely, N-stearoyl-hydroxyproline (L-C16-Hyp), which could emit weak light in aggregation states through the restriction mechanism of intramolecular motion, exhibiting properties comparable to those of AIEgens. Using these molecular aggregates as anionic surfactant micelles to incorporate within the silica matrix, we prepared fluorescent nanoparticles (FL-NPs) by a one-pot method for expedient visualization of latent fingerprints (LFPs). The FL-NPs exhibit an excitation range from 335 to 365 nm, resulting in nontraditional luminescence observed between 410 and 440 nm. The enhanced luminescent FL-NPs may derive from the collective entities or assemblies of restricted L-C16-Hyp, which can be reasonably explicated by an effect termed as cluster-triggered emission (CTE). Theoretical calculations demonstrated that this luminescence pattern belongs to partial charge transfer, which is mainly attributed to the close interaction between the tertiary amino and adjacent carboxyl in the L-C16-Hyp structure. Moreover, some merits of FL-NPs, such as wormlike nanomorphology, stable photophysical properties, low toxicity, great adhesion to multiple substrates, easy to get raw material, an inexpensive, simple process, and rapid detection without any further modification or assistance, provide the feasibility of efficacious LFP detection. Overall, this study will provide insights into the design and application of luminescent materials with unconventional groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials & Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Advanced Marine Materials, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Fei He
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials & Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Hanwen Yan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Feng Huo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Hongxing Dong
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials & Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Advanced Marine Materials, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Lijia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials & Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Advanced Marine Materials, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Chunhong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials & Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Advanced Marine Materials, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Fangbo Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials & Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Advanced Marine Materials, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
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12
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Gangadharappa SC, Maisuls I, Gutierrez Suburu ME, Strassert CA. Enhanced phosphorescence of Pd(II) and Pt(II) complexes adsorbed onto Laponite for optical sensing of triplet molecular dioxygen in water. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR NATURFORSCHUNG SECTION B-A JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/znb-2021-0136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Two isoleptic complexes involving Pd(II) and Pt(II) centres with a tetradentate luminophoric ligand were adsorbed onto Laponite (LAP), yielding H2O-dispersible nanohybrids with remarkable photoexcited state properties. The adsorption promoted rigidification of the coordination compounds and suppression of roto-vibrational deactivation pathways, thus enhancing the performance of the molecular species. Interestingly, room temperature phosphorescence was achieved in the case of the Pd(II)-containing nanohybrid along with a marked 3O2 sensitivity, whereas the photoluminescence of the Pt(II)-based material showed only a mild dependence on the presence of 3O2 while reaching up to 37% quantum yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathish Chatnahalli Gangadharappa
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149 Münster , Germany
- CeNTech, CiMIC, SoN, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Heisenbergstraße 11, 48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Iván Maisuls
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149 Münster , Germany
- CeNTech, CiMIC, SoN, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Heisenbergstraße 11, 48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Matias Ezequiel Gutierrez Suburu
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149 Münster , Germany
- CeNTech, CiMIC, SoN, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Heisenbergstraße 11, 48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Cristian A. Strassert
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149 Münster , Germany
- CeNTech, CiMIC, SoN, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Heisenbergstraße 11, 48149 Münster , Germany
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13
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Maisuls I, Singh J, Salto IP, Steiner ST, Kirse TM, Niemann S, Strassert CA, Faust A. Conjugated Pt(II) Complexes as Luminescence-Switch-On Reporters Addressing the Microenvironment of Bacterial Biofilms. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:11058-11069. [PMID: 34255500 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the synthesis, structural and photophysical characterization of six phosphorescent H2O-soluble Pt(II) complexes are reported while addressing their emission maxima, photoluminescence quantum yields (ΦL), lifetimes (τ), aggregation tendency, and microenvironment sensitivity as a function of the substitution pattern on the main tridentate luminophore. Different ancillary ligands, namely, a trisulfonated phosphane and maltohexaose-conjugated pyridines (with or without amide bridges), were introduced and evaluated for the realization of switch-on-photoluminescent labels reporting on the microenvironment sensed in biofilms of Gram+ and Gram- models, namely, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. With the aid of confocal luminescence micro(spectro)scopy, we observed that selected complexes specifically interact with the biofilms while leaving planktonic cells unlabeled. By using photoluminescence lifetime imaging microscopy, excited-state lifetimes within S. aureus biofilms were measured. The photoluminescence intensities were drastically boosted, and the excited state lifetimes were significantly prolonged upon binding to the viscous biofilm matrix, mainly due to the suppression of radiationless deactivation pathways upon shielding from physical quenching processes, such as interactions with solvent molecules and 3O2. The best performances were attained for non-aggregating complexes with maltohexaose targeting units and without amide bridges. Notably, in the absence of the maltodextrin, a hydrophobic adamantyl moiety suffices to attain a sizeable labeling capacity. Moreover, photoluminescence studies showed that selected complexes can also effectively interact with E. coli biofilms, where the bacterial cells are able to partially uptake the maltodextrin-based agents. In summary, the herein introduced concepts enable the development of specific biofilm reporters providing spatial resolution as well as lifetime- and spectrum-based readouts. Considering that most theragnostic agents reported so far mainly address metabolically active bacteria at the surface of biofilms but without reaching cells deeply immersed in the matrix, a new platform with a clear structure-property correlation is provided for the early detection of such bacterial arrays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Maisuls
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, CiMiC, SoN and CeNTech, Wesfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Heisenbergstr. 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Jasveer Singh
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, CiMiC, SoN and CeNTech, Wesfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Heisenbergstr. 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Ileana P Salto
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Münster, Domagkstr. 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Simon T Steiner
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of Münster, Münster, Waldeyerstr. 15, 48159 Münster, Germany
| | - Thomas M Kirse
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, CiMiC, SoN and CeNTech, Wesfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Heisenbergstr. 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Silke Niemann
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Münster, Domagkstr. 10, 48149 Münster, Germany.,Interdisciplinary Center of Clinical Research (IZKF), University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Cristian A Strassert
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, CiMiC, SoN and CeNTech, Wesfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Heisenbergstr. 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Andreas Faust
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of Münster, Münster, Waldeyerstr. 15, 48159 Münster, Germany.,Interdisciplinary Center of Clinical Research (IZKF), University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
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14
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Cheng K, Bai QX, Hu SJ, Guo XQ, Zhou LP, Xie TZ, Sun QF. Water-stable lanthanide-organic macrocycles from a 1,2,4-triazole-based chelate for enantiomeric excess detection and pesticide sensing. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:5759-5764. [PMID: 33949524 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt00726b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Water-stable anionic Ln2L2-type (Ln = LaIII and EuIII) lanthanide-organic macrocycles have been constructed by deprotonation self-assembly of a bis-tridentate ligand consisting of two 2,6-bis-(1,2,4-triazole)-pyridine chelation arms bridged by a dibenzofuran chromophore, of which the luminescent Eu2L2 macrocycle can be used for enantiomeric excess (ee) detection toward pybox-type chiral ligands and selective colorimetric sensing of omethoate (OMA) in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, PR China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Qi-Xia Bai
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area; Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education; Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials; Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shao-Jun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, PR China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Xiao-Qing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, PR China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Li-Peng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, PR China.
| | - Ting-Zheng Xie
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area; Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education; Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials; Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qing-Fu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, PR China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
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15
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Cnudde M, Brünink D, Doltsinis NL, Strassert CA. Tetradentate N^N°N^N-type luminophores for Pt(II) complexes: Synthesis, photophysical and quantum-chemical investigation. Inorganica Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2020.120090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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16
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Influence of the ancillary ligands on the luminescence of platinum(II) complexes with a triazole-based tridentate C^N^N luminophore. Inorganica Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2020.119988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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17
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Obydennov DL, Simbirtseva AE, Piksin SE, Sosnovskikh VY. 2,6-Dicyano-4-pyrone as a Novel and Multifarious Building Block for the Synthesis of 2,6-Bis(hetaryl)-4-pyrones and 2,6-Bis(hetaryl)-4-pyridinols. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:33406-33420. [PMID: 33403303 PMCID: PMC7774280 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c05357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a three-stage and easily scalable synthesis of 2,6-dicyano-4-pyrone (overall yield of 45%) as a new convenient building block has been developed from diethyl acetonedioxalate. It was shown that the transformation with hydroxylamine and [3 + 2]-cycloaddition, in contrast to the reactions with hydrazines, selectively proceed through the attack at the cyano groups without the pyrone ring-opening to give symmetrical and unsymmetrical pyrone-bearing heterocyclic triads containing 1,2,4- and 1,3,4-oxadiazoles as well as tetrazole moieties. The reaction of 2,6-bis(hetaryl)-4-pyrones with ammonia afforded 2,6-bis(hetaryl)pyridines in 63-87% yields. The 4-pyridone/4-pyridinol tautomerism of 2,6-bis(hetaryl)pyridinols and the influence of the nature of adjacent azolyl moieties on this equilibrium have been discussed.
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18
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Gangadharappa SC, Maisuls I, Schwab DA, Kösters J, Doltsinis NL, Strassert CA. Compensation of Hybridization Defects in Phosphorescent Complexes with Pnictogen-Based Ligands—A Structural, Photophysical, and Theoretical Case-Study with Predictive Character. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:21353-21367. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c09467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sathish Chatnahalli Gangadharappa
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms−Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, D-48149 Münster, Germany
- CeNTech, CiMIC, SoN, Westfälische Wilhelms−Universität Münster, Heisenbergstraße 11, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Iván Maisuls
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms−Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, D-48149 Münster, Germany
- CeNTech, CiMIC, SoN, Westfälische Wilhelms−Universität Münster, Heisenbergstraße 11, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Dominik A. Schwab
- Institut für Festkörpertheorie and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Westfälische Wilhelms−Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm Straße 10, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Jutta Kösters
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms−Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Nikos L. Doltsinis
- Institut für Festkörpertheorie and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Westfälische Wilhelms−Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm Straße 10, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Cristian A. Strassert
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms−Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, D-48149 Münster, Germany
- CeNTech, CiMIC, SoN, Westfälische Wilhelms−Universität Münster, Heisenbergstraße 11, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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19
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Chatnahalli Gangadharappa S, Strassert CA. Comparative photophysical study of Pt(II) complex-nanoclay hybrid materials as dry powders and hydrogels. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/znb-2020-0169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The excited state properties of Pt(II) complexes are strongly influenced by their microenvironment and by intermolecular interactions. In this work, we investigated the photoluminescence of six Pt(II) complexes adsorbed onto a layered nanoclay, namely Laponite® (LAP). The excellent water dispersibility and gel-forming nature of the LAP was exploited to achieve a class of versatile materials. In particular, we report on the comparative photophysics of the dry powders and the hydrogels. Steady-state and time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy were used to assess the role of structural features at molecular level on the interaction between the nanodiscs, which in turn affects the intermolecular coupling of the coordination compounds in the excited state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathish Chatnahalli Gangadharappa
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Corrensstraße 28/30, D-48149 Münster , Germany
- CeNTech, CiMIC, SoN, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Heisenbergstraße 11, D-48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Cristian A. Strassert
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Corrensstraße 28/30, D-48149 Münster , Germany
- CeNTech, CiMIC, SoN, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Heisenbergstraße 11, D-48149 Münster , Germany
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20
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Zimmermann DM, Seufert K, Ðorđević L, Hoh T, Joshi S, Marangoni T, Bonifazi D, Auwärter W. Self-assembly and spectroscopic fingerprints of photoactive pyrenyl tectons on hBN/Cu(111). BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 11:1470-1483. [PMID: 33083195 PMCID: PMC7537405 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.11.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The controlled modification of electronic and photophysical properties of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by chemical functionalization, adsorption on solid supports, and supramolecular organization is the key to optimize the application of these compounds in (opto)electronic devices. Here, we present a multimethod study comprehensively characterizing a family of pyridin-4-ylethynyl-functionalized pyrene derivatives in different environments. UV-vis measurements in toluene solutions revealed absorption at wavelengths consistent with density functional theory (DFT) calculations, while emission experiments showed a high fluorescence quantum yield. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and spectroscopy (STS) measurements of the pyrene derivatives adsorbed on a Cu(111)-supported hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) decoupling layer provided access to spatially and energetically resolved molecular electronic states. We demonstrate that the pyrene electronic gap is reduced with an increasing number of substituents. Furthermore, we discuss the influence of template-induced gating and supramolecular organization on the energies of distinct molecular orbitals. The selection of the number and positioning of the pyridyl termini in tetrasubstituted, trans- and cis-like-disubstituted derivatives governed the self-assembly of the pyrenyl core on the nanostructured hBN support, affording dense-packed arrays and intricate porous networks featuring a kagome lattice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenik M Zimmermann
- Physics Department E20, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Straße 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Knud Seufert
- Physics Department E20, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Straße 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Luka Ðorđević
- The School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, UK-CF10 3AT Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Tobias Hoh
- Physics Department E20, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Straße 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Sushobhan Joshi
- Physics Department E20, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Straße 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Tomas Marangoni
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Davide Bonifazi
- The School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, UK-CF10 3AT Cardiff, United Kingdom
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Str. 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Willi Auwärter
- Physics Department E20, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Straße 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
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21
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Proetto MT, Sanning J, Peterlechner M, Thunemann M, Stegemann L, Sadegh S, Devor A, Gianneschi NC, Strassert CA. Phosphorescent Pt(ii) complexes spatially arrayed in micellar polymeric nanoparticles providing dual readout for multimodal imaging. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:501-504. [PMID: 30556084 PMCID: PMC6462434 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc06347h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In this paper we report phosphorescent Pt(ii) complexes as monomers which can be directly incorporated into growing polymers. Due to the amphiphilic nature of the polymers they can self-assemble into micellar nanoparticles, where the phosphorescent Pt(ii) complexes can arrange selectively in the core or shell of the nanoparticles. The complexes enable dual orthogonal imaging, made possible by the heavy metal, which enhances the contrast for these micelles in electron microscopy and facilitates spin-orbit coupling that turns on microsecond lifetime luminescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria T Proetto
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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22
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Koch T, Höppener C, Doltsinis NL. Conformation-dependent phosphorescence emission of individual mononuclear ruthenium-(ii)-bis-terpyridine complexes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:24921-24926. [PMID: 30238106 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp04580a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The potential of supramolecular transition metal coordination complexes to form robust, long-living, radiative charge transfer states makes this class of triplet state emitters ideal candidates for application as photosensitizes or in photonic devices. Antenna-enhanced phosphorescence experiments on single Ru2+-bis-terpyridine complexes incorporated into a thin PMMA film show that phosphorescence emission spectra can exhibit shifts depending on the local environment [J. F. Herrmann, P. S. Popp, A. Winter, U. S. Schubert and C. Höppener, ACS Photonics, 2016, 3, 1897-1906]. Here, we demonstrate that the environmentally altered spectral properties of individual dual-luminescent Ru2+-bis-terpyridine complexes in PMMA and acetonitrile can be reproduced by DFT-based vibrationally resolved Franck-Condon spectra, if the phosphorescent emission of different molecular conformations is taken into account. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the triplet emission of these complexes occurs from a metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Koch
- Institut für Festkörpertheorie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster and Center for Multiscale Theory & Computation, Wilhelm-Klemm-Str. 10, 48149 Münster, Germany.
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23
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Kuhlmann L, Methling R, Simon J, Neumann B, Stammler HG, Strassert CA, Mitzel NW. Fluorescent Heteroleptic Zirconium and Hafnium Complexes. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201800312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Kuhlmann
- Centrum für molekulare Materialien CM 2; Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie (ACS); Universität Bielefeld; Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Rafael Methling
- Centrum für molekulare Materialien CM 2; Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie (ACS); Universität Bielefeld; Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Jasmin Simon
- Centrum für molekulare Materialien CM 2; Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie (ACS); Universität Bielefeld; Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Beate Neumann
- Centrum für molekulare Materialien CM 2; Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie (ACS); Universität Bielefeld; Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Hans-Georg Stammler
- Centrum für molekulare Materialien CM 2; Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie (ACS); Universität Bielefeld; Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Cristian A. Strassert
- Institute of Physics and Center for Nanotechnology; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Norbert W. Mitzel
- Centrum für molekulare Materialien CM 2; Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie (ACS); Universität Bielefeld; Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
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24
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Delcanale P, Galstyan A, Daniliuc CG, Grecco HE, Abbruzzetti S, Faust A, Viappiani C, Strassert CA. Oxygen-Insensitive Aggregates of Pt(II) Complexes as Phosphorescent Labels of Proteins with Luminescence Lifetime-Based Readouts. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:24361-24369. [PMID: 29989787 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b02709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis and photophysical properties of a tailored Pt(II) complex are presented. The phosphorescence of its monomeric species in homogeneous solutions is quenched by interaction with the solvent and therefore absent even upon deoxygenation. However, aggregation-induced shielding from the environment and suppression of rotovibrational degrees of freedom trigger a phosphorescence turn-on that is not suppressed by molecular oxygen, despite possessing an excited-state lifetime ranging in the microsecond scale. Thus, the photoinduced production of reactive oxygen species is avoided by the suppression of diffusion-controlled Dexter-type energy transfer to triplet molecular oxygen. These aggregates emit with the characteristic green luminescence profile of monomeric complexes, indicating that Pt-Pt or excimeric interactions are negligible. Herein, we show that these aggregates can be used to label a model biomolecule (bovine serum albumin) with a microsecond-range luminescence. The protein stabilizes the aggregates, acting as a carrier in aqueous environments. Despite spectral overlaps, the green phosphorescence can be separated by time-gated detection from the dominant autofluorescence of the protein arising from a covalently bound green fluorophore that emits in the nanosecond range. Interestingly, the aggregates also acted as energy donors able to sensitize the emission of a fraction of the fluorophores bound to the protein. This resulted in a microsecond-range luminescence of the fluorescent acceptors and a shortening of the excited-state lifetime of the phosphorescent aggregates. The process that can be traced by a 1000-fold increase in the acceptor's lifetime mirrors the donor's triplet character. The implications for phosphorescence lifetime imaging are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Delcanale
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche , Fisiche e Informatiche , Parco Area delle Scienze 7A , 43124 Parma , Italy
| | - Anzhela Galstyan
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Nanotechnology , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Heisenbergstraße 11 , D-48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Constantin G Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Corrensstraße 40 , D-48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Hernan E Grecco
- Departamento de Física , FCEyN, UBA and IFIBA, CONICET, Pabellón 1, Ciudad Universitaria , 1428 Buenos Aires , Argentina
| | - Stefania Abbruzzetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche , Fisiche e Informatiche , Parco Area delle Scienze 7A , 43124 Parma , Italy
| | - Andreas Faust
- University Hospital Münster and European Institute for Molecular Imaging , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Waldeyerstraße 15 , D-48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Cristiano Viappiani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche , Fisiche e Informatiche , Parco Area delle Scienze 7A , 43124 Parma , Italy
| | - Cristian A Strassert
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Nanotechnology , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Heisenbergstraße 11 , D-48149 Münster , Germany
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25
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Wilde S, González-Abradelo D, Daniliuc CG, Böckmann M, Doltsinis NL, Strassert CA. Fluorination-controlled Aggregation and Intermolecular Interactions in Pt(II) Complexes with Tetradentate Luminophores. Isr J Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201800050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Wilde
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Nanotechnology; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Heisenbergstraße 11 D-48149 Germany Münster
| | - Darío González-Abradelo
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Nanotechnology; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Heisenbergstraße 11 D-48149 Germany Münster
| | - Constantin-Gabriel Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 40 D-48149 Germany Münster
| | - Marcus Böckmann
- Institut für Festkörpertheorie and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Wilhelm-Klemm Straße 10 D-48149 Germany Münster
| | - Nikos L. Doltsinis
- Institut für Festkörpertheorie and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Wilhelm-Klemm Straße 10 D-48149 Germany Münster
| | - Cristian A. Strassert
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Nanotechnology; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Heisenbergstraße 11 D-48149 Germany Münster
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26
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Wilde S, Ma D, Koch T, Bakker A, Gonzalez-Abradelo D, Stegemann L, Daniliuc CG, Fuchs H, Gao H, Doltsinis NL, Duan L, Strassert CA. Toward Tunable Electroluminescent Devices by Correlating Function and Submolecular Structure in 3D Crystals, 2D-Confined Monolayers, and Dimers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:22460-22473. [PMID: 29931977 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b03528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of new Pt(II) complexes bearing tailored cyclometalated C^N*N^C luminophores is reported along with their photophysical properties. The emission of the monomeric species can be blue shifted upon formal isosteric replacement of two C-H units by N atoms at the two cyclometalating rings. Their remarkable stability upon sublimation was demonstrated by means of scanning tunneling microscopy, which also revealed a defined self-assembly behavior leading to supramolecular arrays, showing a 3-fold symmetry in 2D-confined monolayers. The supramolecular organization is driven by van der Waals interactions of the side chains and does not depend on the nature of the luminophores, as also observed in the crystalline phases showing no significant Pt-Pt interactions in 3D. Conversely, the luminescence properties in glassy matrices at 77 K and in amorphous solids are indicative of intermolecular interactions with sizable intermetallic coupling, which was demonstrated by reproducing the emission spectra of dimeric species by means of (TD)DFT calculations. The tendency toward aggregation was also traceable by cyclic voltammetry, whereas thermogravimetric analyses confirmed their stability. Solution-processed and vacuum-deposited OLED devices showed a concentration-dependent electroluminescence that red shifts with increasing doping ratios. Due to the stability of the complexes, solution-processed and vacuum-deposited devices showed identical electroluminescence spectra. Besides favoring aggregation, introduction of two N atoms has a detrimental effect on the device performance, due to the prolonged excited-state lifetimes favoring triplet-triplet annihilation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Wilde
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Nanotechnology , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Heisenbergstrasse 11 , D-48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Dongxin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , People's Republic of China
| | - Tobias Koch
- Institut für Festkörpertheorie and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Wilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 10 , D-48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Anne Bakker
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Nanotechnology , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Heisenbergstrasse 11 , D-48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Dario Gonzalez-Abradelo
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Nanotechnology , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Heisenbergstrasse 11 , D-48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Linda Stegemann
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Nanotechnology , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Heisenbergstrasse 11 , D-48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Constantin G Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Corrensstrasse 40 , D-48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Harald Fuchs
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Nanotechnology , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Heisenbergstrasse 11 , D-48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Hongying Gao
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Nanotechnology , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Heisenbergstrasse 11 , D-48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Nikos L Doltsinis
- Institut für Festkörpertheorie and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Wilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 10 , D-48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Lian Duan
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , People's Republic of China
| | - Cristian A Strassert
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Nanotechnology , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Heisenbergstrasse 11 , D-48149 Münster , Germany
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27
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Hebenbrock M, González-Abradelo D, Strassert CA, Müller J. DNA Groove-binding Ability of Luminescent Platinum(II) Complexes based on a Family of Tridentate N^N^C Ligands Bearing Differently Substituted Alkyl Tethers. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201800088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marian Hebenbrock
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 30 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Darío González-Abradelo
- CeNTech and Physikalisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Cristian A. Strassert
- CeNTech and Physikalisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Jens Müller
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 30 48149 Münster Germany
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28
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Hansen EC, Li C, Yang S, Pedro D, Weix DJ. Coupling of Challenging Heteroaryl Halides with Alkyl Halides via Nickel-Catalyzed Cross-Electrophile Coupling. J Org Chem 2017; 82:7085-7092. [PMID: 28682073 PMCID: PMC5539790 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b01334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Despite
their importance, the synthesis of alkylated heterocycles
from the cross-coupling of Lewis basic nitrogen heteroaryl halides
with alkyl halides remains a challenge. We report here a general solution
to this challenge enabled by a new collection of ligands based around
2-pyridyl-N-cyanocarboxamidine and 2-pyridylcarboxamidine
cores. Both primary and secondary alkyl halides can be coupled with
2-, 3-, and 4-pyridyl halides as well as other more complex heterocycles
in generally good yields (41 examples, 69% ave yield).
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric C Hansen
- Chemical Research and Development Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development , Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Changfeng Li
- Asymchem Life Science (Tianjin) Co., Ltd., 71 Seventh Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Sihang Yang
- Asymchem Life Science (Tianjin) Co., Ltd., 71 Seventh Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Dylan Pedro
- Chemical Research and Development Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development , Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Daniel J Weix
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester , Rochester, New York 14627-0216, United States
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29
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Chen D, Li K, Guan X, Cheng G, Yang C, Che CM. Luminescent Iridium(III) Complexes Supported by a Tetradentate Trianionic Ligand Scaffold with Mixed O, N, and C Donor Atoms: Synthesis, Structures, Photophysical Properties, and Material Applications. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Daqing Chen
- State
Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Functional
Materials, HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, and Department
of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kai Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Functional
Materials, HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, and Department
of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiangguo Guan
- State
Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Functional
Materials, HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, and Department
of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gang Cheng
- State
Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Functional
Materials, HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, and Department
of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chen Yang
- State
Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Functional
Materials, HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, and Department
of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chi-Ming Che
- State
Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Functional
Materials, HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, and Department
of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
- HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, Shenzhen 518053, People’s Republic of China
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30
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Hebenbrock M, Stegemann L, Kösters J, Doltsinis NL, Müller J, Strassert CA. Phosphorescent Pt(ii) complexes bearing a monoanionic C^N^N luminophore and tunable ancillary ligands. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:3160-3169. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt00393e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A new monoanionic pincer luminophore is presented, yielding phosphorescent Pt(ii) complexes bearing a neutral 1,2,3-triazole ring introduced via click chemistry. The overall charge, intermolecular interactions and excited state properties can be manipulated and controlled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian Hebenbrock
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster
- D-48149 Münster
- Germany
| | - Linda Stegemann
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Nanotechnology
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster
- D-48149 Münster
- Germany
| | - Jutta Kösters
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster
- D-48149 Münster
- Germany
| | - Nikos L. Doltsinis
- Institut für Festkörpertheorie and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster
- D-48149 Münster
- Germany
| | - Jens Müller
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster
- D-48149 Münster
- Germany
| | - Cristian A. Strassert
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Nanotechnology
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster
- D-48149 Münster
- Germany
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31
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Straub L, González-Abradelo D, Strassert CA. Oxygen-insensitive phosphorescence in water from a Pt-doped supramolecular array. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:11806-11809. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc05435a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A supramolecular array consisting of polyvinylpyridine decorated with adamantyl-substituted Pt(ii) complexes is described. The phosphorescence in aqueous environments is insensitive to diffusional quenching by molecular oxygen, due to the dense packing of the assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Straub
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech) Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster
- Heisenbergstraße 11
- Münster
- Germany
| | - Darío González-Abradelo
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech) Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster
- Heisenbergstraße 11
- Münster
- Germany
| | - Cristian A. Strassert
- Physikalisches Institut and Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech) Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster
- Heisenbergstraße 11
- Münster
- Germany
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32
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Galstyan A, Naziruddin AR, Cebrián C, Iordache A, Daniliuc CG, De Cola L, Strassert CA. Correlating the Structural and Photophysical Features of Pincer Luminophores and Monodentate Ancillary Ligands in PtIIPhosphors. Eur J Inorg Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201500949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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33
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Filatov MA, Etzold F, Gehrig D, Laquai F, Busko D, Landfester K, Baluschev S. Interplay between singlet and triplet excited states in a conformationally locked donor–acceptor dyad. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:19207-17. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt03784k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and photophysical characterization of a palladium(ii) porphyrin – anthracene dyad bridged via short and conformationally rigid bicyclo[2.2.2]octadiene spacer were achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail A. Filatov
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research
- D-55128 Mainz
- Germany
- Institute of Polymers
- Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
| | - Fabian Etzold
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research
- D-55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - Dominik Gehrig
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research
- D-55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - Frédéric Laquai
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research
- D-55128 Mainz
- Germany
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE)
- Material Science and Engineering (MSE)
| | - Dmitri Busko
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research
- D-55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | | | - Stanislav Baluschev
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research
- D-55128 Mainz
- Germany
- Optics and Spectroscopy Department
- Faculty of Physics
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