1
|
Wu J, Liu Y, Kozlowski MC. Visible-light TiO 2-catalyzed synthesis of dihydrobenzofurans by oxidative [3 + 2] annulation of phenols with alkenyl phenols. Chem Sci 2024; 15:7150-7159. [PMID: 38756810 PMCID: PMC11095367 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc00723a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
An oxidative strategy for the preparation of dihydrobenzofurans via heterogeneous photocatalysis is reported. This method leverages the surface interaction between the alkenyl phenol and the TiO2 solid surface, which enables direct activation by visible light without the need for pre-functionalization or surface modification. The resulting alkenyl phenoxyl radical is proposed to be selectively captured by a neutral phenol nucleophile, rendering β-5' coupling with excellent chemo- and regio-selectivity. The reaction proceeds under benign conditions, using an inexpensive, nontoxic, and recyclable photocatalyst under visible light irradiation with air as the terminal oxidant at room temperature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingze Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104 USA
| | - Yaning Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104 USA
| | - Marisa C Kozlowski
- Department of Chemistry, Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104 USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Dong J, Wu S, Geng F, Yan Y, Liu L, Zhou Y. Selective Oxidative Methyl C-H Functionalization of Butylated Hydroxytoluene toward Arylimines/ N-Heterocycles. J Org Chem 2023; 88:14649-14658. [PMID: 37816698 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
A metal-free and selective oxidative methyl C-H functionalization of BHT with aniline compounds has been developed. This innovative method enables the facile and efficient synthesis of a diverse array of BHT-functionalized N-containing skeletons, including arylamines, benzoxazoles, benzothiazoles, benzimidazoles, quinazolines, and quinazolinones, all of which are challenging to access. The control experiment involving TEMP18O suggests that the radical adduct of TEMPO with the benzyl radical of BHT may serve as an intermediate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianyu Dong
- School of Physics and Chemistry, Hunan First Normal University, Changsha 410205, China
| | - Shaofeng Wu
- School of Physics and Chemistry, Hunan First Normal University, Changsha 410205, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education & Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis and Synthesis Technology, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Furong Geng
- School of Physics and Chemistry, Hunan First Normal University, Changsha 410205, China
- Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Yani Yan
- Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Long Liu
- School of Physics and Chemistry, Hunan First Normal University, Changsha 410205, China
- Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Yongbo Zhou
- Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Roy S, Panja S, Sahoo SR, Chatterjee S, Maiti D. Enroute sustainability: metal free C-H bond functionalisation. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:2391-2479. [PMID: 36924227 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01466d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
The term "C-H functionalisation" incorporates C-H activation followed by its transformation. In a single line, this can be defined as the conversion of carbon-hydrogen bonds into carbon-carbon or carbon-heteroatom bonds. The catalytic functionalisation of C-H bonds using transition metals has emerged as an atom-economical technique to engender new bonds without activated precursors which can be considered as a major drawback while attempting large-scale synthesis. Replacing the transition-metal-catalysed approach with a metal-free strategy significantly offers an alternative route that is not only inexpensive but also environmentally benign to functionalize C-H bonds. Recently metal free synthetic approaches have been flourishing to functionalize C-H bonds, motivated by the search for greener, cost-effective, and non-toxic catalysts. In this review, we will highlight the comprehensive and up-to-date discussion on recent examples of ground-breaking research on green and sustainable metal-free C-H bond functionalisation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sayan Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India.
| | - Subir Panja
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India.
| | - Sumeet Ranjan Sahoo
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India.
| | - Sagnik Chatterjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India.
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India. .,Department of Interdisciplinary Program in Climate Studies, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Deguchi H, Hanaya K, Sugai T, Higashibayashi S. Intramolecular cyclization of m-homoprenylphenols through oxidative nucleophilic aromatic substitution. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:748-751. [PMID: 36541374 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc06026d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
We developed an intramolecular cyclization of m-homoprenylphenols and related m-prenylphenols to bicyclic skeletons by hypervalent iodine reagents through an oxidative nucleophilic aromatic substitution using the prenyl group as a carbon nucleophile. The reaction was applicable for the syntheses of 5/6-, 6/6-, and 7/6-fused ring systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Deguchi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan.
| | - Kengo Hanaya
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Sugai
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan.
| | - Shuhei Higashibayashi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kato N, Nanjo T, Takemoto Y. Electron Donor-Acceptor (EDA) Complex between a Triarylamine and B(C 6F 5) 3 for the Photocatalytic Dehydrogenative Cross-Coupling of Phenols. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2023; 71:747-750. [PMID: 37661381 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c23-00409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
In this article, an electron donor-acceptor (EDA) complex between a triarylamine and B(C6F5)3 that catalyzes the dehydrogenative cross-coupling of phenols is described. We demonstrate, for the first time, that the use of both components of the radical ion pairs generated by the photoexcitation of the EDA complex as co-catalysts, and the triarylaminium radical cation (+·NAr3) successfully promotes dehydrogenative cross-coupling between electron-rich phenols and 2-naphthols to provide electron-rich biphenol motifs using molecular oxygen as a terminal oxidant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natsuki Kato
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University
| | - Takeshi Nanjo
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Morimoto K, Yanase K, Kajimoto T, Kita Y. Metal-Free Synthesis of Acyl Glycosides and Application to Oligosaccharide Synthesis. Org Lett 2022; 24:9028-9032. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koji Morimoto
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
- Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Kana Yanase
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Kajimoto
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
- Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Kita
- Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bayesian optimization-driven parallel-screening of multiple parameters for the flow synthesis of biaryl compounds. Commun Chem 2022; 5:148. [PMID: 36698029 PMCID: PMC9814103 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-022-00764-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional optimization methods using one variable at a time approach waste time and chemicals and assume that different parameters are independent from one another. Hence, a simpler, more practical, and rapid process for predicting reaction conditions that can be applied to several manufacturing environmentally sustainable processes is highly desirable. In this study, biaryl compounds were synthesized efficiently using an organic Brønsted acid catalyst in a flow system. Bayesian optimization-assisted multi-parameter screening, which employs one-hot encoding and appropriate acquisition function, rapidly predicted the suitable conditions for the synthesis of 2-amino-2'-hydroxy-biaryls (maximum yield of 96%). The established protocol was also applied in an optimization process for the efficient synthesis of 2,2'-dihydroxy biaryls (up to 97% yield). The optimized reaction conditions were successfully applied to gram-scale synthesis. We believe our algorithm can be beneficial as it can screen a reactor design without complicated quantification and descriptors.
Collapse
|
8
|
Sugawara M, Sawamura M, Akakabe M, Ramadoss B, Sohtome Y, Sodeoka M. Pd-catalyzed Aerobic Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling of Catechols with 2-Oxindoles and Benzofuranones: Reactivity Difference Between Monomer and Dimer. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200807. [PMID: 36062560 PMCID: PMC9825984 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Persistent radicals, which are generated from 2-oxindole or benzofuranone dimers, are useful tools for designing the radical-based cross-coupling reaction to provide molecules containing a quaternary carbon. The persistent radical is accessible from both the dimer and monomer; however, the reactivity difference between these substrates for the oxidative cross-coupling reaction is not fully understood, most likely because of the mechanistic complexity. Here, we present details of an aerobic cross-dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) reaction using various monomers and catechols. UV-Vis analysis and mechanistic control experiments showed that the monomer is less reactive than the dimer under aerobic conditions. Our Pd(II)-BINAP-μ-hydroxo complex significantly improved the reactivity of the monomers for the aerobic CDC reaction with catechols, yielding results comparable to those of the corresponding dimer. The procedure, which enables the generation of the persistent radical in situ, is particularly useful when employing the monomer that is not readily converted to the corresponding dimer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masumi Sugawara
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry LaboratoryRIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research2-1 HirosawaWakoSaitamaJapan
| | - Miki Sawamura
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry LaboratoryRIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research2-1 HirosawaWakoSaitamaJapan,Tokyo Medical and Dental UniversityTokyo113-8510Japan
| | - Mai Akakabe
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry LaboratoryRIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research2-1 HirosawaWakoSaitamaJapan,Catalysis and Integrated Research Group RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science
| | - Boobalan Ramadoss
- Catalysis and Integrated Research Group RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science
| | - Yoshihiro Sohtome
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry LaboratoryRIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research2-1 HirosawaWakoSaitamaJapan,Catalysis and Integrated Research Group RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science
| | - Mikiko Sodeoka
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry LaboratoryRIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research2-1 HirosawaWakoSaitamaJapan,Catalysis and Integrated Research Group RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science,Tokyo Medical and Dental UniversityTokyo113-8510Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Motiwala HF, Armaly AM, Cacioppo JG, Coombs TC, Koehn KRK, Norwood VM, Aubé J. HFIP in Organic Synthesis. Chem Rev 2022; 122:12544-12747. [PMID: 35848353 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) is a polar, strongly hydrogen bond-donating solvent that has found numerous uses in organic synthesis due to its ability to stabilize ionic species, transfer protons, and engage in a range of other intermolecular interactions. The use of this solvent has exponentially increased in the past decade and has become a solvent of choice in some areas, such as C-H functionalization chemistry. In this review, following a brief history of HFIP in organic synthesis and an overview of its physical properties, literature examples of organic reactions using HFIP as a solvent or an additive are presented, emphasizing the effect of solvent of each reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hashim F Motiwala
- Divison of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 United States
| | - Ahlam M Armaly
- Divison of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 United States
| | - Jackson G Cacioppo
- Divison of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 United States
| | - Thomas C Coombs
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina 28403 United States
| | - Kimberly R K Koehn
- Divison of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 United States
| | - Verrill M Norwood
- Divison of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 United States
| | - Jeffrey Aubé
- Divison of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 United States
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Morimoto K, Yanase K, Toda K, Takeuchi H, Dohi T, Kita Y. Cyclic Hypervalent Iodine-Induced Oxidative Phenol and Aniline Couplings with Phenothiazines. Org Lett 2022; 24:6088-6092. [PMID: 35921162 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
C-H/N-H bond functionalization for direct intermolecular aryl C-N couplings is a useful synthetic process. In this study, we achieved metal-free cross-dehydrogenative coupling of phenols and anilines with phenothiazines using hypervalent iodine reagents. This method affords selective amination products under mild conditions. Electron-rich phenols and anilines could be employed, affording moderate-to-high yields of N-arylphenothiazines. Aniline amination proceeded efficiently at 20 °C, a previously unreported phenomenon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Koji Morimoto
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan.,Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Kana Yanase
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Kentaro Toda
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Takeuchi
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Dohi
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan.,Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Kita
- Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wu J, Kozlowski MC. Catalytic Oxidative Coupling of Phenols and Related Compounds. ACS Catal 2022; 12:6532-6549. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c00318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingze Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Marisa C. Kozlowski
- Department of Chemistry, Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Li MM, Lu J, Deng Y. Dracaenone, a novel type of homoisoflavone: Natural source, biological activity and chemical synthesis. CURR ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272826666220510151029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:
The discovery and synthesis of natural products, especially those possessing novel scaffolds, are crucial to the development of new drugs. Dracaenones are part of homoisoflavone natural products, owning a complex spiro-bridged polycyclic structures bearing benzylic quaternary carbon centers, and some of them reveal considerable biological activity. There have been continuous studies on these compounds due to the rare structure and the important biological properties. However, a systematic summary and analysis for dracaenone is lacking. This review aims to generally summarize the natural source, synthetic strategies and biological activities of dracaenones, moreover, the limitations, challenges, and future prospects were discussed, wishing to provide references for the follow-up study of compounds with similar skeleton.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Mei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Jun Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, , Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
- Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Yun Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Umakoshi Y, Takemoto Y, Tsubouchi A, Zhdankin VV, Yoshimura A, Saito A. Dehydrogenative Cycloisomerization/Arylation Sequence of
N
‐Propargyl Carboxamides with Arenes by Iodine(III)‐Catalysis. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Umakoshi
- Division of Applied Chemistry Institute of Engineering Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Koganei Tokyo 184-8588 Japan
| | - Yusuke Takemoto
- Division of Applied Chemistry Institute of Engineering Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Koganei Tokyo 184-8588 Japan
| | - Akira Tsubouchi
- Division of Applied Chemistry Institute of Engineering Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Koganei Tokyo 184-8588 Japan
| | - Viktor V. Zhdankin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Minnesota Duluth MN 55812 USA
| | - Akira Yoshimura
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Minnesota Duluth MN 55812 USA
- Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences The Tomsk Polytechnic University, postCode/>634050 Tomsk Russia
| | - Akio Saito
- Division of Applied Chemistry Institute of Engineering Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Koganei Tokyo 184-8588 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zetzsche LE, Yazarians JA, Chakrabarty S, Hinze ME, Murray LAM, Lukowski AL, Joyce LA, Narayan ARH. Biocatalytic oxidative cross-coupling reactions for biaryl bond formation. Nature 2022; 603:79-85. [PMID: 35236972 PMCID: PMC9213091 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-04365-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Biaryl compounds, with two connected aromatic rings, are found across medicine, materials science and asymmetric catalysis1,2. The necessity of joining arene building blocks to access these valuable compounds has inspired several approaches for biaryl bond formation and challenged chemists to develop increasingly concise and robust methods for this task3. Oxidative coupling of two C-H bonds offers an efficient strategy for the formation of a biaryl C-C bond; however, fundamental challenges remain in controlling the reactivity and selectivity for uniting a given pair of substrates4,5. Biocatalytic oxidative cross-coupling reactions have the potential to overcome limitations inherent to numerous small-molecule-mediated methods by providing a paradigm with catalyst-controlled selectivity6. Here we disclose a strategy for biocatalytic cross-coupling through oxidative C-C bond formation using cytochrome P450 enzymes. We demonstrate the ability to catalyse cross-coupling reactions on a panel of phenolic substrates using natural P450 catalysts. Moreover, we engineer a P450 to possess the desired reactivity, site selectivity and atroposelectivity by transforming a low-yielding, unselective reaction into a highly efficient and selective process. This streamlined method for constructing sterically hindered biaryl bonds provides a programmable platform for assembling molecules with catalyst-controlled reactivity and selectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lara E Zetzsche
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Program in Chemical Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jessica A Yazarians
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Meagan E Hinze
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - April L Lukowski
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Program in Chemical Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Leo A Joyce
- Arrowhead Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Madison, WI, USA
| | - Alison R H Narayan
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Program in Chemical Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Nguyen NH, Oh SM, Park CM, Shin S. Ortho-selective C–H arylation of phenols with N-carboxyindoles under Brønsted acid- or Cu(i)-catalysis. Chem Sci 2022; 13:1169-1176. [PMID: 35211284 PMCID: PMC8790926 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc06157g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Control over chemo- and regioselectivity is a critical issue in the heterobiaryl synthesis via C–H oxidative coupling. To address this challenge, a strategy to invert the normal polarity of indoles in the heterobiaryl coupling was developed. With N-carboxyindoles as umpoled indoles, an exclusively ortho-selective coupling with phenols has been realized, employing a Brønsted acid- or Cu(i)-catalyst (as low as 0.01 mol%). A range of phenols and N-carboxyindoles coupled with exceptional efficiency and selectivity at ambient temperature and the substrates bearing redox-active aryl halides (–Br and –I) smoothly coupled in an orthogonal manner. Notably, preliminary examples of atropselective heterobiaryl coupling have been demonstrated, based on a chiral disulfonimide or a Cu(i)/chiral bisphosphine catalytic system. The reaction was proposed to occur through SN2′ substitution or a Cu(i)–Cu(iii) cycle, with Brønsted acid or Cu(i) catalysts, respectively. Control over chemo- and regioselectivity is a critical issue in the heterobiaryl synthesis via C–H oxidative coupling. To address this challenge, a strategy to invert the normal polarity of indoles was developed.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen H. Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis (CNOS), Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Soo Min Oh
- Department of Chemistry, Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis (CNOS), Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Cheol-Min Park
- Department of Chemistry, UNIST (Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology), Ulsan 44919, Korea
| | - Seunghoon Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis (CNOS), Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Uyanik M, Nagata D, Ishihara K. Hypoiodite-catalysed oxidative homocoupling of arenols and tandem oxidation/cross-coupling of hydroquinones with arenes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:11625-11628. [PMID: 34673855 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc05171g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
We report the hypoiodite-catalyzed oxidative C-C homocoupling of arenols to biarenols or biquinones using aqueous hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant. In addition, by combining hypoiodite catalysis and lipophilic Lewis acid-assisted Brønsted acid catalysis under aqueous conditions, we achieved a tandem oxidation/cross-coupling reaction of hydroquinones with electron-rich arenes. These results highlight the substantial scope of hypoiodite/acid co-catalysis for use in oxidative coupling reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammet Uyanik
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan.
| | - Dai Nagata
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan.
| | - Kazuaki Ishihara
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Mishima D, Nakanishi H, Tsuboi Y, Kishimoto Y, Yamanaka Y, Harada A, Togo M, Yamada Y, Muraoka M, Murata M. Domino Cross-Scholl Reaction of Tetracene with Molecular Benzene: Synthesis, Structure, and Mechanism. Org Lett 2021; 23:7921-7926. [PMID: 34543032 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c02921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A domino-type multiple C-H functionalization of tetracene with molecular benzene is reported. Under the typical conditions of the Scholl reaction, a domino reaction occurs between tetracene and six molecules of benzene in one pot to furnish an aromatic compound with a curved π-system. This reaction sequence involves oxidative cross-dehydrogenative coupling/annulation and Friedel-Crafts-type reactions. Eight C-C bonds are formed via this intermolecular domino reaction without mediation by a metal or the assistance of a specific substituent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Mishima
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, Osaka 535-8585, Japan
| | - Haruka Nakanishi
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, Osaka 535-8585, Japan
| | - Yui Tsuboi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, Osaka 535-8585, Japan
| | - Yusho Kishimoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, Osaka 535-8585, Japan
| | - Yohei Yamanaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, Osaka 535-8585, Japan
| | - Ai Harada
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, Osaka 535-8585, Japan
| | - Masahiro Togo
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, Osaka 535-8585, Japan
| | - Yuto Yamada
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, Osaka 535-8585, Japan
| | - Masahiro Muraoka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, Osaka 535-8585, Japan
| | - Michihisa Murata
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, Osaka 535-8585, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Yanagi T, Yorimitsu H. Mechanistic Investigation of a Synthetic Route to Biaryls by the Sigmatropic Rearrangement of Arylsulfonium Species. Chemistry 2021; 27:13450-13456. [PMID: 34322930 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A comprehensive mechanistic investigation was conducted on the coupling reaction of aryl sulfoxides with phenols by using trifluoroacetic anhydride to yield biaryls. NMR experiments revealed that our previously proposed mechanism, which consists of a cascade of an interrupted Pummerer reaction and a rate-determining [3,3] sigmatropic rearrangement, is reasonable. The electronic effects of the substrates were also evaluated to elucidate the nature of the rearrangement step. Based on experimental observations and theoretical calculations, we conclude that the rearrangement is highly asynchronous and stepwise rather than concerted when electron-rich phenols are employed for the reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Yanagi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Hideki Yorimitsu
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Vemuri P, Patureau FW. Cross-Dehydrogenative N-N Coupling of Aromatic and Aliphatic Methoxyamides with Benzotriazoles. Org Lett 2021; 23:3902-3907. [PMID: 33974802 PMCID: PMC8155566 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen-nitrogen bond containing motifs are ubiquitous in bioactive compounds and organic materials. However, intermolecular hetero-selective N-H/N-H oxidative coupling reactions remain very challenging and largely unexplored. Here, we report an unprecedented, simple and hetero-selective cross-dehydrogenative N-N coupling of amides and benzotriazoles, utilizing only a hypervalent iodine species as the terminal oxidant. The scope and mechanistic investigations are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pooja
Y. Vemuri
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Frederic W. Patureau
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Hellwig PS, Guedes JS, Barcellos AM, Jacob RG, Silveira CC, Lenardão EJ, Perin G. Synthesis of benzo[ b]chalcogenophenes fused to selenophenes via intramolecular electrophilic cyclization of 1,3-diynes. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:596-604. [PMID: 33355583 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02362k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
We describe herein an alternative and transition-metal-free procedure for the access of benzo[b]chalcogenophenes fused to selenophenes via intramolecular cyclization of 1,3-diynes. This efficient protocol involves a double cyclization of 1,3-diynyl chalcogen derivatives promoted by the electrophilic species of organoselenium generated in situ by the oxidative cleavage of the Se-Se bond of dibutyl diselenide using Oxone® in acetonitrile as solvent in an open-flask at 80 °C. In this study, 15 selenophenes with broad substrate scope were prepared in moderate to excellent yields (55-98%) with short reaction times (0.5-3.0 h).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paola S Hellwig
- LASOL-CCQFA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, P.O. Box 354, 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
| | - Jonatan S Guedes
- LASOL-CCQFA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, P.O. Box 354, 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
| | - Angelita M Barcellos
- LASOL-CCQFA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, P.O. Box 354, 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
| | - Raquel G Jacob
- LASOL-CCQFA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, P.O. Box 354, 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
| | - Claudio C Silveira
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM, CEP: 97105-900, Santa Maria - RS, Brazil
| | - Eder J Lenardão
- LASOL-CCQFA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, P.O. Box 354, 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
| | - Gelson Perin
- LASOL-CCQFA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, P.O. Box 354, 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Wang H, Ying P, Yu J, Su W. Alternative Strategies Enabling Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling: Access to C—C Bonds. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202009053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
22
|
Dohi T, Kikushima K, Matsuki K, Yoneda Y, Menjo T, Kaneko K, Hanasaki T. Polyfluoroarene-Capped Thiophene Derivatives via Fluoride-Catalyzed Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution. HETEROCYCLES 2021. [DOI: 10.3987/com-20-s(k)54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
23
|
Wu F, Cheng T, Zhu S. Construction of Partially Protected Nonsymmetrical Biaryldiols via Semipinacol Rearrangement of o-NQM Derived from Enynones. Org Lett 2021; 23:71-75. [PMID: 33306907 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The construction of partially protected nonsymmetrical biaryldiols catalyzed by AgBF4 has been achieved. The approach facilitates the formation of two new aryl rings and the introduction of two hydroxyl groups (one free and one TBS-protected) via the o-NQM generation/semipinacol rearrangement cascade, featuring high atom- and step-economy to afford a diverse array of partially protected nonsymmetrical biaryldiols under mild conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
| | - Tairan Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
| | - Shifa Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Sugawara M, Ohnishi R, Ezawa T, Akakabe M, Sawamura M, Hojo D, Hashizume D, Sohtome Y, Sodeoka M. Regiodivergent Oxidative Cross-Coupling of Catechols with Persistent tert-Carbon Radicals. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c03986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masumi Sugawara
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Rikako Ohnishi
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Ezawa
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Mai Akakabe
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Miki Sawamura
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Daiki Hojo
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hashizume
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Sohtome
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Mikiko Sodeoka
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Sarkar S, Ghosh MK, Kalek M. Synthesis of Pummerer’s ketone and its analogs by iodosobenzene-promoted oxidative phenolic coupling. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.152459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
26
|
Grzybowski M, Sadowski B, Butenschön H, Gryko DT. Synthetic Applications of Oxidative Aromatic Coupling-From Biphenols to Nanographenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:2998-3027. [PMID: 31342599 PMCID: PMC7027897 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201904934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative aromatic coupling occupies a fundamental place in the modern chemistry of aromatic compounds. It is a method of choice for the assembly of large and bewildering architectures. Considerable effort was also devoted to applications of the Scholl reaction for the synthesis of chiral biphenols and natural products. The ability to form biaryl linkages without any prefunctionalization provides an efficient pathway to many complex structures. Although the chemistry of this process is only now becoming fully understood, this reaction continues to both fascinate and challenge researchers. This is especially true for heterocoupling, that is, oxidative aromatic coupling with the chemoselective formation of a C-C bond between two different arenes. Analysis of the progress achieved in this field since 2013 reveals that many groups have contributed by pushing the boundary of structural possibilities, expanding into surface-assisted (cyclo)dehydrogenation, and developing new reagents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marek Grzybowski
- Institute of Organic ChemistryPolish Academy of SciencesKasprzaka 44/5201-224WarsawPoland
| | - Bartłomiej Sadowski
- Institute of Organic ChemistryPolish Academy of SciencesKasprzaka 44/5201-224WarsawPoland
| | - Holger Butenschön
- Institut für Organische ChemieLeibniz Universität HannoverSchneiderberg 1B30167HannoverGermany
| | - Daniel T. Gryko
- Institute of Organic ChemistryPolish Academy of SciencesKasprzaka 44/5201-224WarsawPoland
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Semisynthesis and biological evaluation of amidochelocardin derivatives as broad-spectrum antibiotics. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 188:112005. [PMID: 31911294 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.112005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
To address the global challenge of emerging antimicrobial resistance, the hitherto most successful strategy to new antibiotics has been the optimization of validated natural products; most of these efforts rely on semisynthesis. Herein, we report the semisynthetic modification of amidochelocardin, an atypical tetracycline obtained via genetic engineering of the chelocardin producer strain. We report modifications at C4, C7, C10 and C11 by the application of methylation, acylation, electrophilic substitution, and oxidative C-C coupling reactions. The antibacterial activity of the reaction products was tested against a panel of Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens. The emerging structure-activity relationships (SARs) revealed that positions C7 and C10 are favorable anchor points for the semisynthesis of optimized derivatives. The observed SAR was different from that known for tetracyclines, which underlines the pronounced differences between the two compound classes.
Collapse
|
28
|
Paniak TJ, Kozlowski MC. Aerobic Catalyzed Oxidative Cross-Coupling of N, N-Disubstituted Anilines and Aminonaphthalenes with Phenols and Naphthols. Org Lett 2020; 22:1765-1770. [PMID: 32049541 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The cross-coupling of N,N-dialkyl aniline and aminonaphthalenes with phenols and naphthols using a Cr-salen catalyst under aerobic conditions was developed. Notably, air serves as an effective oxidant affording products in high selectivity. Initial mechanistic studies suggest an outer-sphere oxidation of the aniline/aminonaphthalene partner, followed by nucleophilic attack of the phenol/naphthol. Single products were observed in most cases, whereas mixtures of C-C and C-O coupled products arose from reactions involving aminonapthalene and sterically unencumbered phenols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Paniak
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Marisa C Kozlowski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Hayashi H, Ueno T, Kim C, Uchida T. Ruthenium-Catalyzed Cross-Selective Asymmetric Oxidative Coupling of Arenols. Org Lett 2020; 22:1469-1474. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Hayashi
- Faculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Takamasa Ueno
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Chungsik Kim
- International Institute of Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Uchida
- Faculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- International Institute of Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Abstract
A metal-free, oxidative coupling of phenols with various nucleophiles, including arenes, 1,3-diketones and other phenols, is reported. Cross-coupling is mediated by a sulfoxide which inverts the reactivity of the phenol partner. Crucially, the process shows high selectivity for cross-versus homo-coupling and allows efficient access to a variety of aromatic scaffolds including biaryls, benzofurans and, through an iterative procedure, aromatic oligomers. A metal-free, oxidative coupling of phenols with various nucleophiles, including arenes, 1,3-diketones and other phenols, is reported.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen He
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester Oxford Rd Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Gregory J P Perry
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester Oxford Rd Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - David J Procter
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester Oxford Rd Manchester M13 9PL UK
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Cheng Q, Wang Z, Li HW, Shan CY, Zheng PF, Shuai L, Li YL, Chen YC, Ouyang Q. 2,3-Dicyano-5,6-dichlorobenzoquinone-Mediated and Selective C-O and C-C Cross-Couplings of Phenols and Porphyrins. Org Lett 2020; 22:300-304. [PMID: 31841342 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b04330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
A selective C-O cross-coupling reaction between porphyrins and phenols has been developed through 2,3-dicyano-5,6-dichlorobenzoquinone (DDQ)/Sc(OTf)3 oxidation, efficiently delivering meso-etherified porphyrins in good yields (≤93%). The radical complex process was proposed and calculated as the rationalized mechanism to block the homocoupling process. In addition, the switchable selective C-C cross-coupling reaction was achieved by using bulky electron-rich phenols and naphthols under DDQ oxidation conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Cheng
- College of Pharmacy , Third Military Medical University , Chongqing 400038 , China
| | - Zheng Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering , Sichuan University of Science and Engineering , Zigong , Sichuan 643000 , China
| | - Hong-Wei Li
- College of Pharmacy , Third Military Medical University , Chongqing 400038 , China
| | - Chang-Yu Shan
- College of Pharmacy , Third Military Medical University , Chongqing 400038 , China
| | - Peng-Fei Zheng
- College of Pharmacy , Third Military Medical University , Chongqing 400038 , China
| | - Li Shuai
- College of Pharmacy , Third Military Medical University , Chongqing 400038 , China
| | - Yu-Long Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering , Sichuan University of Science and Engineering , Zigong , Sichuan 643000 , China
| | - Ying-Chun Chen
- College of Pharmacy , Third Military Medical University , Chongqing 400038 , China
| | - Qin Ouyang
- College of Pharmacy , Third Military Medical University , Chongqing 400038 , China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Tezuka N, Hirano K, Uchiyama M. A Direct, Chemo-, and Regioselective Cross-Coupling Reaction of Arenes via Sequential Directed ortho Cuprations and Oxidation. Org Lett 2019; 21:9536-9540. [PMID: 31738063 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Direct cross-coupling of Csp2-H/Csp2-H bonds of two arenes was achieved in 30-76% yield via sequential directed ortho cuprations (DoCu) with the cuprate base (TMP)2Cu(CN)Li2 (1, TMP = 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidido), followed by oxidation. This methodology offers easy access to unsymmetric biaryls from arenes with a variety of directed metalation groups (DMGs) and ancillary functional groups, taking advantage of the highly chemoselective action of 1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noriyuki Tezuka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo 113-0033 , Japan.,Cluster of Pioneering Research (CPR), Advanced Elements Chemistry Laboratory , RIKEN , 2-1 Hirosawa , Wako-shi , Saitama 351-0198 , Japan
| | - Keiichi Hirano
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo 113-0033 , Japan.,Cluster of Pioneering Research (CPR), Advanced Elements Chemistry Laboratory , RIKEN , 2-1 Hirosawa , Wako-shi , Saitama 351-0198 , Japan
| | - Masanobu Uchiyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo 113-0033 , Japan.,Cluster of Pioneering Research (CPR), Advanced Elements Chemistry Laboratory , RIKEN , 2-1 Hirosawa , Wako-shi , Saitama 351-0198 , Japan.,Research Initiative for Supra-Materials (RISM) , Shinshu University , 3-15-1 Tokida , Ueda , Nagano 386-8567 , Japan
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Morimoto K. Metal-Free Oxidative Cross-Coupling Reaction of Heteroaromatic and Related Compounds. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2019; 67:1259-1270. [PMID: 31787652 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c19-00286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The biary unit having heteroatom as important scaffolds widely exist in a large number of biologically active compounds and functional organic molecules. Since the cross-coupling is a useful synthetic method for constructing biaryl and heterobiaryl structures, the development of novel cross-coupling methods has been studied intensively. The oxidative biaryl coupling reaction of aromatic compounds having heteroatoms is an attractive method since they do not require the prefunctionalization of arenes. This report describes recent advances in hypervalent iodine(III) induced metal-free synthesis of biaryls having heteroatoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Koji Morimoto
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University.,Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Grzybowski M, Sadowski B, Butenschön H, Gryko DT. Syntheseanwendungen der oxidativen aromatischen Kupplung – von Biphenolen zu Nanographenen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201904934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marek Grzybowski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warschau Polen
| | - Bartłomiej Sadowski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warschau Polen
| | - Holger Butenschön
- Institut für Organische Chemie Leibniz Universität Hannover Schneiderberg 1B 30167 Hannover Deutschland
| | - Daniel T. Gryko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warschau Polen
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Matsumoto K, Takeda S, Hirokane T, Yoshida M. A Highly Selective Palladium-Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidative Aniline–Aniline Cross-Coupling Reaction. Org Lett 2019; 21:7279-7283. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Matsumoto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, 180 Nishihama-Boji, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima 770-8514, Japan
| | - Satoshi Takeda
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, 180 Nishihama-Boji, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima 770-8514, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Hirokane
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, 180 Nishihama-Boji, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima 770-8514, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yoshida
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, 180 Nishihama-Boji, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima 770-8514, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Ghosh MK, Rzymkowski J, Kalek M. Transition-Metal-Free Aryl-Aryl Cross-Coupling: C-H Arylation of 2-Naphthols with Diaryliodonium Salts. Chemistry 2019; 25:9619-9623. [PMID: 31162732 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201902204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Transition-metal-free regioselecitive C-H arylation of 2-naphthols with diaryliodonium salts has been developed. The reaction proceeds under very simple experimental conditions and affords a range of products with various substitution patterns. The method allows for the incorporation of electron-deficient aryls, which complements well currently existing metal-free aryl-aryl cross-couplings of phenols that have been so far restricted to the introduction of electron-rich aryl moieties. The mechanism of the reaction was studied by means of DFT calculations, demonstrating that the C-C bond formation occurs via a dearomatization of 2-naphthol substrate, followed by a subsequent rearomatization by tautomerization. The computations show that the use of a low polarity solvent and an insoluble inorganic base is key to securing the high selectivity of the C-C coupling over a competing C-O arylation pathway, by preventing the incipient deprotonation of 2-naphthol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manoj K Ghosh
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, S. Banacha 2C, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jan Rzymkowski
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, S. Banacha 2C, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland.,Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, L. Pasteura 1, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Kalek
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, S. Banacha 2C, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Sreenithya A, Hadad CM, Sunoj RB. Hypercoordinate iodine for catalytic asymmetric diamination of styrene: insights into the mechanism, role of solvent, and stereoinduction. Chem Sci 2019; 10:7082-7090. [PMID: 31588276 PMCID: PMC6676474 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc01513b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Stereoselectivity in the asymmetric diamination of styrene catalyzed by chiral hypercoordinate iodine originates from the prochiral face recognition when the substrate binds to the catalyst.
Hypercoordinate iodine has evolved as an impressive class of catalysts for various organic transformations. Extension of this idea to asymmetric applications, such as in the asymmetric difunctionalization of styrene or its derivatives, constitutes an important reaction. In this study, the mechanism and origin of stereoinduction in styrene diamination, with a sulfonimide (HNMs2) as the diaminating agent and iodoresorcinol (((iPr)2N(CO)-CH(Me)-O)2Ar–I) based chiral hypercoordinate iodine as the catalyst, are investigated using density functional theory calculations. The energetically preferred catalytic pathway has been found to involve, among other steps, two very important mechanistic events: (a) the formation of a catalyst–substrate complex by the action of styrene on the catalyst ArI(NMs2)2, resulting in the displacement of one of the imidates (NMs2–); and (b) a rebound of the departed imidate on the iodine-bound styrene to form an iodonium ion intermediate with a N–C bond. Explicit interaction of the imidate ion with hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP), used as a solvent additive, lowers the barrier for the formation of the iodonium ion. The P helical fold of the chiral arms of the iodoresorcinol catalyst is found to offer a chiral environment for the reactants. Coordination of the iodine catalyst to the styrene double bond is found to make the benzylic carbon more electrophilic and hence makes it the preferred site for the nucleophilic addition. In the chiral environment of the catalyst, an enhanced polarization of the styrene double bond is noticed when the double bond coordinates through the si prochiral face than the re face. Nucleophilic addition on the re face of the catalyst–substrate complex is associated with a lower activation barrier leading to the experimentally observed S enantiomeric product. The stereoselective model developed in this study can be employed to related asymmetric styrene difunctionalizations using similar hypercoordinate iodine catalysts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Sreenithya
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Powai , Mumbai 400076 , India .
| | - Christopher M Hadad
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The Ohio State University , 100 West 18th Avenue , Columbus , Ohio 43210 , USA
| | - Raghavan B Sunoj
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Powai , Mumbai 400076 , India .
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
He Z, Pulis AP, Procter DJ. The Interrupted Pummerer Reaction in a Sulfoxide‐Catalyzed Oxidative Coupling of 2‐Naphthols. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:7813-7817. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201903492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen He
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Manchester Oxford Rd Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Alexander P. Pulis
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Manchester Oxford Rd Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - David J. Procter
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Manchester Oxford Rd Manchester M13 9PL UK
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
He Z, Pulis AP, Procter DJ. The Interrupted Pummerer Reaction in a Sulfoxide‐Catalyzed Oxidative Coupling of 2‐Naphthols. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201903492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen He
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Manchester Oxford Rd Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Alexander P. Pulis
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Manchester Oxford Rd Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - David J. Procter
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Manchester Oxford Rd Manchester M13 9PL UK
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Convenient Synthesis of 6,7,12,13-Tetrahydro-5 H-Cyclohepta[2,1- b:3,4- b']diindole Derivatives Mediated by Hypervalent Iodine (III) Reagent. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24050960. [PMID: 30857232 PMCID: PMC6429186 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24050960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Bisindolyl alkaloids represent a large family of natural and synthetic products that display various biological activities. Among the bisindole compounds, 6,7,12,13-tetrahydro-5H-cyclohepta[2,1-b:3,4-b']diindoles have received little attention. Only two methods have been developed for the construction of the 6,7,12,13-tetrahydro-5H-cyclohepta[2,1-b:3,4-b']diindole scaffold thus far, including the classical Fischer indole synthesis conducted by reacting indole-fused cycloheptanone and hydrazines, and the condensation reaction to build the seven-membered ring. Here, we report for the first time a new route to synthesize 6,7,12,13-tetrahydro-5H-cyclohepta[2,1-b:3,4-b']diindoles through intramolecular oxidative coupling of 1,3-di(1H-indol-3-yl)propanes in the presence of PIFA, DDQ and TMSCl with moderate to excellent yields.
Collapse
|
41
|
|
42
|
Wang Q, Jiang Y, Zeng C, Sun B. Electrocatalytic Synthesis of Non‐Symmetric Biphenols Mediated by Tri(p‐bromophenyl)amine: Selective Oxidative Cross‐Coupling of Different Phenols and Naphthols. CHINESE J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201800560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing‐Qing Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, School of Food and Chemical EngineeringBeijing Technology and Business University Beijing 100048 China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental and Viral Oncology, College of Life Science & BioengineeringBeijing University of Technology Beijing 100124 China
| | - Yang‐Ye Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental and Viral Oncology, College of Life Science & BioengineeringBeijing University of Technology Beijing 100124 China
| | - Cheng‐Chu Zeng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental and Viral Oncology, College of Life Science & BioengineeringBeijing University of Technology Beijing 100124 China
| | - Bao‐Guo Sun
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, School of Food and Chemical EngineeringBeijing Technology and Business University Beijing 100048 China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Dahms B, Kohlpaintner PJ, Wiebe A, Breinbauer R, Schollmeyer D, Waldvogel SR. Selective Formation of 4,4'-Biphenols by Anodic Dehydrogenative Cross- and Homo-Coupling Reaction. Chemistry 2019; 25:2713-2716. [PMID: 30638281 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201805737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A simple and selective electrochemical synthesis by dehydrogenative coupling of unprotected 2,6- or 2,5-substituted phenols to the desired 4,4'-biphenols is reported. Using electricity as the oxidizing reagent avoids pre-functionalization of the starting materials, since a selective activation of the substrates takes place. Without the necessity for metal-catalysts or the use of stoichiometric reagents it is an economic and environmentally friendly transformation. The elaborated electrochemical protocol leads to a broad variety of the desired 4,4'-biphenols in a very simplified manner compared to classical approaches. This is particular the case for the cross-coupled products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Dahms
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Philipp J Kohlpaintner
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Anton Wiebe
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Rolf Breinbauer
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Technische Universität Graz, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Dieter Schollmeyer
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Siegfried R Waldvogel
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Sako M, Aoki T, Zumbrägel N, Schober L, Gröger H, Takizawa S, Sasai H. Chiral Dinuclear Vanadium Complex-Mediated Oxidative Coupling of Resorcinols. J Org Chem 2018; 84:1580-1587. [PMID: 30501179 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b02494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A method for the highly regio- and enantioselective oxidative coupling of resorcinols has been established by using dibrominated dinuclear vanadium(V) catalyst 1c under air. When resorcinols bearing an aryl substituent were applied as substrates to the coupling, axially chiral biresorcinols were obtained as single regioisomers in high yield with up to 98% ee.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Sako
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (ISIR) , Osaka University , Mihogaoka, Ibaraki-shi , Osaka 567-0047 , Japan
| | - Takanori Aoki
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (ISIR) , Osaka University , Mihogaoka, Ibaraki-shi , Osaka 567-0047 , Japan
| | - Nadine Zumbrägel
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (ISIR) , Osaka University , Mihogaoka, Ibaraki-shi , Osaka 567-0047 , Japan.,Chair of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry , Bielefeld University , Universitätsstraße 25 , 33615 Bielefeld , Germany
| | - Lukas Schober
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (ISIR) , Osaka University , Mihogaoka, Ibaraki-shi , Osaka 567-0047 , Japan.,Chair of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry , Bielefeld University , Universitätsstraße 25 , 33615 Bielefeld , Germany
| | - Harald Gröger
- Chair of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry , Bielefeld University , Universitätsstraße 25 , 33615 Bielefeld , Germany
| | - Shinobu Takizawa
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (ISIR) , Osaka University , Mihogaoka, Ibaraki-shi , Osaka 567-0047 , Japan
| | - Hiroaki Sasai
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (ISIR) , Osaka University , Mihogaoka, Ibaraki-shi , Osaka 567-0047 , Japan
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Huang
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, QC H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Jean-Philip Lumb
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, QC H3A 0B8, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Bering L, D'Ottavio L, Sirvinskaite G, Antonchick AP. Nitrosonium ion catalysis: aerobic, metal-free cross-dehydrogenative carbon-heteroatom bond formation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:13022-13025. [PMID: 30403232 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc08328b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic cross-dehydrogenative coupling of heteroarenes with thiophenols and phenothiazines has been developed under mild and environmentally benign reaction conditions. For the first time, NOx+ was applied for catalytic C-S and C-N bond formation. A comprehensive scope for the C-H/S-H and C-H/N-H cross-dehydrogenative coupling was demonstrated with >60 examples. The sustainable cross-coupling conditions utilize ambient oxygen as the terminal oxidant, while water is the sole by-product.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luis Bering
- Department of Chemical Biology, Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Straße 11, 44227 Dortmund, Germany.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Goswami M, Konkel A, Rahimi M, Louillat‐Habermeyer M, Kelm H, Jin R, de Bruin B, Patureau FW. Mechanism of the Dehydrogenative Phenothiazination of Phenols. Chemistry 2018; 24:11936-11943. [PMID: 29766577 PMCID: PMC6120528 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The straightforward capture of oxidized phenothiazines with phenols under aerobic conditions represents a unique cross-dehydrogenative C-N bond-forming reaction in terms of operational simplicity. The mechanism of this cross-dehydrogenative N-arylation of phenothiazines with phenols has been the object of debate, particularly regarding the order in which the substrates are oxidized and their potentially radical or cationic nature. Understanding the selective reactivity of phenols for oxidized phenothiazines is one of the key objectives of this study. The reaction mechanism is investigated in detail by utilizing electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, radical trap experiments, kinetic isotope effects, and solvent effects. Finally, the key reaction steps are calculated by using density functional theory (DFT) and broken-symmetry open-shell singlet DFT methods to unravel a unique biradical mechanism for the oxidative phenothiazination of phenols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monalisa Goswami
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of Amsterdam, Park904 1098XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Alexander Konkel
- FB ChemieTU KaiserslauternErwin Schrödinger Strasse 5267663KaiserslauternGermany
| | - Maryam Rahimi
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of Amsterdam, Park904 1098XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | | | - Harald Kelm
- FB ChemieTU KaiserslauternErwin Schrödinger Strasse 5267663KaiserslauternGermany
| | - Rongwei Jin
- FB ChemieTU KaiserslauternErwin Schrödinger Strasse 5267663KaiserslauternGermany
| | - Bas de Bruin
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of Amsterdam, Park904 1098XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Frederic W. Patureau
- FB ChemieTU KaiserslauternErwin Schrödinger Strasse 5267663KaiserslauternGermany
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Yu C, Patureau FW. Kupfer-katalysierte dehydrierende ortho
-Aminomethylierung von Phenolen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201804829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Congjun Yu
- FB Chemie; TU Kaiserslautern; Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße 52 67663 Kaiserslautern Deutschland
| | - Frederic W. Patureau
- FB Chemie; TU Kaiserslautern; Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße 52 67663 Kaiserslautern Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Yu C, Patureau FW. Cu-Catalyzed Cross-Dehydrogenative ortho-Aminomethylation of Phenols. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:11807-11811. [PMID: 29931717 PMCID: PMC6468272 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201804829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A highly selective CuII‐catalyzed cross‐dehydrogenative ortho‐aminomethylation of phenols with aniline derivatives is described. The corresponding C(sp2)−C(sp3) coupling products were obtained in moderate to excellent yields under mild reaction conditions and with a broad substrate scope. A radical mechanism is proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Congjun Yu
- FB Chemie, TU Kaiserslautern, Erwin Schrödinger Strasse 52, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Frederic W Patureau
- FB Chemie, TU Kaiserslautern, Erwin Schrödinger Strasse 52, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Caramenti P, Nandi RK, Waser J. Metal-Free Oxidative Cross Coupling of Indoles with Electron-Rich (Hetero)arenes. Chemistry 2018; 24:10049-10053. [PMID: 29726049 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201802142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
A new method for the synthesis of bi-heteroaryls is reported, based on the umpolung of indoles with benziodoxol(on)e hypervalent iodine reagents (IndoleBX). The oxidative coupling of IndoleBX with an equimolar amount of electron-rich benzenes, indoles, pyrroles, and thiophenes proceeded under mild transition-metal-free conditions. Functionalized non-symmetrical bi-indolyl heterocycles were accessed efficiently. Introduction of a new type of C2-substituted indole benziodoxole reagents further allowed extending the scope of the reaction to NH unprotected and C3-alkylated indoles. The obtained bi-heterocycles are important building blocks in synthetic and medicinal chemistry, and could be easily transformed into more complex heterocyclic systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Caramenti
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC LCSO, BCH 4306, 1015, Lausanne, CH
| | - Raj Kumar Nandi
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC LCSO, BCH 4306, 1015, Lausanne, CH
| | - Jerome Waser
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC LCSO, BCH 4306, 1015, Lausanne, CH
| |
Collapse
|