1
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Amano S, Hermans TM. Repurposing a Catalytic Cycle for Transient Self-Assembly. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:23289-23296. [PMID: 39127918 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c05871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Life operates out of equilibrium to enable various sophisticated behaviors. Synthetic chemists have strived to mimic biological nonequilibrium systems in such fields as autonomous molecular machines and dissipative self-assembly. Central to these efforts has been the development of new chemical reaction cycles, which drive systems out of equilibrium by conversion of chemical fuel into waste species. However, the construction of reaction cycles has been challenging due to the difficulty of finding compatible reactions that constitute a cycle. Here, we realize an alternative approach by repurposing a known catalytic cycle as a chemical reaction cycle for driving dissipative self-assembly. This approach can overcome the compatibility problem because all steps involved in a catalytic cycle are already known to proceed concurrently under the same conditions. Our repurposing approach is applicable to diverse combinations of catalytic cycles and systems to drive out of equilibrium, which will substantially broaden the scope of out-of-equilibrium systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuntaro Amano
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, Strasbourg 67083, France
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2
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Su B, Chi T, Chen W, Xian S, Liu D, Addonizio CJ, Xiang Y, Webber MJ. Using a biocatalyzed reaction cycle for transient and pH-dependent host-guest supramolecular hydrogels. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:4666-4672. [PMID: 38647183 PMCID: PMC11095629 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb00545g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The formation of transient structures plays important roles in biological processes, capturing temporary states of matter through influx of energy or biological reaction networks catalyzed by enzymes. These natural transient structures inspire efforts to mimic this elegant mechanism of structural control in synthetic analogues. Specifically, though traditional supramolecular materials are designed on the basis of equilibrium formation, recent efforts have explored out-of-equilibrium control of these materials using both direct and indirect mechanisms; the preponderance of such works has been in the area of low molecular weight gelators. Here, a transient supramolecular hydrogel is realized through cucurbit[7]uril host-guest physical crosslinking under indirect control from a biocatalyzed network that regulates and oscillates pH. The duration of transient hydrogel formation, and resulting mechanical properties, are tunable according to the dose of enzyme, substrate, or pH stimulus. This tunability enables control over emergent functions, such as the programmable burst release of encapsulated model macromolecular payloads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Su
- Department of Chemcial & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA.
| | - Teng Chi
- Department of Chemcial & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA.
| | - Weike Chen
- Department of Chemcial & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA.
| | - Sijie Xian
- Department of Chemcial & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA.
| | - Dongping Liu
- Department of Chemcial & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA.
| | - Christopher J Addonizio
- Department of Chemcial & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA.
| | - Yuanhui Xiang
- Department of Chemcial & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA.
| | - Matthew J Webber
- Department of Chemcial & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA.
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3
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Ranganath VA, Maity I. Artificial Homeostasis Systems Based on Feedback Reaction Networks: Design Principles and Future Promises. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202318134. [PMID: 38226567 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202318134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Feedback-controlled chemical reaction networks (FCRNs) are indispensable for various biological processes, such as cellular mechanisms, patterns, and signaling pathways. Through the intricate interplay of many feedback loops (FLs), FCRNs maintain a stable internal cellular environment. Currently, creating minimalistic synthetic cells is the long-term objective of systems chemistry, which is motivated by such natural integrity. The design, kinetic optimization, and analysis of FCRNs to exhibit functions akin to those of a cell still pose significant challenges. Indeed, reaching synthetic homeostasis is essential for engineering synthetic cell components. However, maintaining homeostasis in artificial systems against various agitations is a difficult task. Several biological events can provide us with guidelines for a conceptual understanding of homeostasis, which can be further applicable in designing artificial synthetic systems. In this regard, we organize our review with artificial homeostasis systems driven by FCRNs at different length scales, including homogeneous, compartmentalized, and soft material systems. First, we stretch a quick overview of FCRNs in different molecular and supramolecular systems, which are the essential toolbox for engineering different nonlinear functions and homeostatic systems. Moreover, the existing history of synthetic homeostasis in chemical and material systems and their advanced functions with self-correcting, and regulating properties are also emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinay Ambekar Ranganath
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain (Deemed-to-be University), Jain Global Campus, Bangalore, 562112, Karnataka, India
| | - Indrajit Maity
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain (Deemed-to-be University), Jain Global Campus, Bangalore, 562112, Karnataka, India
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4
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Lago-Silva M, Fernández-Míguez M, Rodríguez R, Quiñoá E, Freire F. Stimuli-responsive synthetic helical polymers. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:793-852. [PMID: 38105704 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00952a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic dynamic helical polymers (supramolecular and covalent) and foldamers share the helix as a structural motif. Although the materials are different, these systems also share many structural properties, such as helix induction or conformational communication mechanisms. The introduction of stimuli responsive building blocks or monomer repeating units in these materials triggers conformational or structural changes, due to the presence/absence of the external stimulus, which are transmitted to the helix resulting in different effects, such as assymetry amplification, helix inversion or even changes in the helical scaffold (elongation, J/H helical aggregates). In this review, we show through selected examples how different stimuli (e.g., temperature, solvents, cations, anions, redox, chiral additives, pH or light) can alter the helical structures of dynamic helical polymers (covalent and supramolecular) and foldamers acting on the conformational composition or molecular structure of their components, which is also transmitted to the macromolecular helical structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Lago-Silva
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Manuel Fernández-Míguez
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Rafael Rodríguez
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Emilio Quiñoá
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Félix Freire
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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5
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Hurst PJ, Mulvey JT, Bone RA, Selmani S, Hudson RF, Guan Z, Green JR, Patterson JP. CryoEM reveals the complex self-assembly of a chemically driven disulfide hydrogel. Chem Sci 2024; 15:1106-1116. [PMID: 38239701 PMCID: PMC10793653 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc05790a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Inspired by the adaptability of biological materials, a variety of synthetic, chemically driven self-assembly processes have been developed that result in the transient formation of supramolecular structures. These structures form through two simultaneous reactions, forward and backward, which generate and consume a molecule that undergoes self-assembly. The dynamics of these assembly processes have been shown to differ from conventional thermodynamically stable molecular assemblies. However, the evolution of nanoscale morphologies in chemically driven self-assembly and how they compare to conventional assemblies has not been resolved. Here, we use a chemically driven redox system to separately carry out the forward and backward reactions. We analyze the forward and backward reactions both sequentially and synchronously with time-resolved cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryoEM). Quantitative image analysis shows that the synchronous process is more complex and heterogeneous than the sequential process. Our key finding is that a thermodynamically unstable stacked nanorod phase, briefly observed in the backward reaction, is sustained for ∼6 hours in the synchronous process. Kinetic Monte Carlo modeling show that the synchronous process is driven by multiple cycles of assembly and disassembly. The collective data suggest that chemically driven self-assembly can create sustained morphologies not seen in thermodynamically stable assemblies by kinetically stabilizing transient intermediates. This finding provides plausible design principles to develop and optimize supramolecular materials with novel properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Joshua Hurst
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine Irvine California 92697 USA
- Center for Complex and Active Materials, University of California, Irvine Irvine California 92697 USA
| | - Justin T Mulvey
- Center for Complex and Active Materials, University of California, Irvine Irvine California 92697 USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine Irvine California 92697 USA
| | - Rebecca A Bone
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Boston Boston Massachusetts 02125 USA
| | - Serxho Selmani
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine Irvine California 92697 USA
- Center for Complex and Active Materials, University of California, Irvine Irvine California 92697 USA
| | - Redford F Hudson
- Department of Computer Science, University of California, Irvine Irvine California 92697 USA
| | - Zhibin Guan
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine Irvine California 92697 USA
- Center for Complex and Active Materials, University of California, Irvine Irvine California 92697 USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine Irvine California 92697 USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Irvine Irvine California 92697 USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine Irvine California 92697 USA
| | - Jason R Green
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Boston Boston Massachusetts 02125 USA
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston Boston Massachusetts 02125 USA
| | - Joseph P Patterson
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine Irvine California 92697 USA
- Center for Complex and Active Materials, University of California, Irvine Irvine California 92697 USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine Irvine California 92697 USA
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6
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Roy S, Pillai PP. What Triggers the Dynamic Self-Assembly of Molecules and Materials? LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:12967-12974. [PMID: 37672384 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic self-assembly has emerged as one of the reliable approaches to create complex materials with more life-like functions. In a typical dynamic self-assembly process, the external triggers activate the building blocks to initiate the assembly step to form transiently stable higher-order structures. These external triggers provide a constant supply of energy to maintain the transiently stable self-assembled states. The withdrawal or consumption of the trigger deactivates the building block in the aggregates, thereby initiating the disassembly step. A precise control over the interplay between the deterministic and nondeterministic forces is the key to achieving a dynamic self-assembly process. This demands the appropriate choice of building blocks as well as triggers, which has led to the development of a wide range of triggers in dynamic self-assembly. Through this Perspective, we intend to highlight the functional diversities, prospects, and challenges associated with different classes of "triggers" by bringing them under one platform. Such treatment will help us to identify the missing features and deduce a guideline for the development of ideal triggers. A few of the desirable features that a trigger should possess, along with probable ways to achieve them, are discussed, as well. In summary, the Perspective covers many intriguing aspects of triggers that can be helpful for researchers to achieve precise spatiotemporal control over various interparticle interactions, which is essential to obtaining the desired outcome from a dynamic self-assembly process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411 008, India
| | - Pramod P Pillai
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411 008, India
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7
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Das A, Ghosh S, George SJ. Chiroptical Amplification of Induced Circularly Polarized Luminescence in Nucleotide-Templated Supramolecular Polymer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202308281. [PMID: 37534951 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202308281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Efficient circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) from purely organic molecules holds great promise for applications in displays, sensing, and bioimaging. However, achieving high dissymmetry values (glum ) from organic chromophores remains a significant challenge. Herein, we present a bioinspired approach using adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-triggered supramolecular polymerization of a naphthalene diimide-derived monomer (ANSG) to induce CPL with a remarkable glum value of 1.1×10-2 . The ANSG molecules undergo a templated, chiral self-assembly through a cooperative growth mechanism in the presence of ATP, resulting in scrolled nanotubes with aggregation-induced enhanced emission (AIEE) and induced CPL. Furthermore, we demonstrate the concept of chiroptical amplification of induced CPL by efficiently amplifying asymmetry using a mixture of chiral ATP and achiral pyrophosphate. This innovative approach opens numerous opportunities in the emerging field of circularly polarized luminescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angshuman Das
- New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Saikat Ghosh
- New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Subi J George
- New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
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8
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Li J, Cui Y, Lu YL, Zhang Y, Zhang K, Gu C, Wang K, Liang Y, Liu CS. Programmable supramolecular chirality in non-equilibrium systems affording a multistate chiroptical switch. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5030. [PMID: 37596287 PMCID: PMC10439165 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40698-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The dynamic regulation of supramolecular chirality in non-equilibrium systems can provide valuable insights into molecular self-assembly in living systems. Herein, we demonstrate the use of chemical fuels for regulating self-assembly pathway, which thereby controls the supramolecular chirality of assembly in non-equilibrium systems. Depending on the nature of different fuel acids, the system shows pathway-dependent non-equilibrium self-assembly, resulting in either dynamic self-assembly with transient supramolecular chirality or kinetically trapped self-assembly with inverse supramolecular chirality. More importantly, successive conducting of chemical-fueled process and thermal annealing process allows for the sequential programmability of the supramolecular chirality between four different chiral hydrogels, affording a new example of a multistate supramolecular chiroptical switch that can be recycled multiple times. The current finding sheds new light on the design of future supramolecular chiral materials, offering access to alternative self-assembly pathways and kinetically controlled non-equilibrium states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yihan Cui
- College of New Energy, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yi-Lin Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yunfei Zhang
- College of New Energy, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Kaihuang Zhang
- College of New Energy, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Chaonan Gu
- College of New Energy, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Kaifang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- College of New Energy, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yujia Liang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- College of New Energy, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Chun-Sen Liu
- College of New Energy, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
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9
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Moncho-Jordá A, Göth N, Dzubiella J. Liquid structure of bistable responsive macromolecules using mean-field density-functional theory. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:2832-2846. [PMID: 37000605 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm01523d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Macromolecular crowding typically applies to biomolecular and polymer-based systems in which the individual particles often feature a two-state folded/unfolded or coil-to-globule transition, such as found for proteins and peptides, DNA and RNA, or supramolecular polymers. Here, we employ a mean-field density functional theory (DFT) of a model of soft and bistable responsive colloids (RCs) in which the size of the macromolecule is explicitly resolved as a degree of freedom living in a bimodal 'Landau' energy landscape (exhibiting big and small states), thus directly responding to the crowding environment. Using this RC-DFT we study the effects of self-crowding on the liquid bulk structure and thermodynamics for different energy barriers and softnesses of the bimodal energy landscape, in conditions close to the coil-to-globule transition. We find substantial crowding effects on the internal distributions, a complex polydispersity behavior, and quasi-universal compression curves for increasing (generalized) packing fractions. Moreover, we uncover distinct signatures of bimodal versus unimodal behavior in the particle compression. Finally, the analysis of the pair structure - derived from the test particle route - reveals that the microstructure of the liquid is quite inhomogeneous due to local depletion effects, tuneable by particle softness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arturo Moncho-Jordá
- Institute Carlos I for Theoretical and Computational Physics, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Campus Fuentenueva S/N, 18071 Granada, Spain.
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Universidad de Granada, Campus Fuentenueva S/N, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Nils Göth
- Physikalisches Institut, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Hermann-Herder Straße 3, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Joachim Dzubiella
- Physikalisches Institut, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Hermann-Herder Straße 3, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany.
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10
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Su B, Chi T, Ye Z, Xiang Y, Dong P, Liu D, Addonizio CJ, Webber MJ. Transient and Dissipative Host-Guest Hydrogels Regulated by Consumption of a Reactive Chemical Fuel. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202216537. [PMID: 36598411 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202216537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The transient self-assembly of molecules under the direction of a consumable fuel source is fundamental to biological processes such as cellular organization and motility. Such biomolecular assemblies exist in an out-of-equilibrium state, requiring continuous consumption of high energy molecules. At the same time, the creation of bioinspired supramolecular hydrogels has traditionally focused on associations occurring at the thermodynamic equilibrium state. Here, hydrogels are prepared from cucurbit[7]uril host-guest supramolecular interactions through transient physical crosslinking driven by the consumption of a reactive chemical fuel. Upon action from this fuel, the affinity and dynamics of CB[7]-guest recognition are altered. In this way, the lifetime of transient hydrogel formation and the dynamic modulus obtained are governed by fuel consumption, rather than being directed by equilibrium complex formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Su
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, 46556, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Teng Chi
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, 46556, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Zhou Ye
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, 46556, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Yuanhui Xiang
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, 46556, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Ping Dong
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, 46556, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Dongping Liu
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, 46556, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Christopher J Addonizio
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, 46556, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Matthew J Webber
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, 46556, Notre Dame, IN, USA
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11
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Rossi E, Ferrarini A, Sulpizi M. Modeling of minimal systems based on ATP-Zn coordination for chemically fueled self-assembly. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:6102-6111. [PMID: 36752043 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp05516c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Following nature's example, there is currently strong interest in using adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) as a fuel for the self-assembly of functional materials with transient/non-equilibrium behaviours. These hold great promise for applications, e.g. in catalysis and drug delivery. In a recent seminal work [Maiti et al., Nat. Chem., 2016, 8, 725], binding of ATP to the metallosurfactant zinc hexadecyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononane ([ZnC16 TACN]2+) was exploited to produce ATP-fueled transient vesicles. Crucial to the complex formation is the ability of ATP to bind to the metal ion. As a first step to unveil the key elements underlying this process, we investigate the interaction of ATP with Zn2+ and with methyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononane ([ZnCH3 TACN]2+), using all-atom molecular dynamics simulations. The free energy landscape of the complex formation is sampled using well-tempered metadynamics with three collective variables, corresponding to the coordination numbers of Zn2+ with the oxygen atoms of the three phosphate groups. We find that the structure of the ternary complex is controlled by direct triphosphate coordination to zinc, with a minor role played by the interactions between ATP and CH3 TACN which, however, may be important for the build-up of supramolecular assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Rossi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Francesco Marzolo, 1, 35131, Padova, Italy.
| | - Alberta Ferrarini
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Francesco Marzolo, 1, 35131, Padova, Italy.
| | - Marialore Sulpizi
- Department of Physics, Ruhr Universität Bochum, NB6, 65, 44780, Bochum, Germany.
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12
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Cao Y, Gabrielli L, Frezzato D, Prins LJ. Persistent ATP-Concentration Gradients in a Hydrogel Sustained by Chemical Fuel Consumption. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202215421. [PMID: 36420591 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202215421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We show the formation of macroscopic ATP-concentrations in an agarose gel and demonstrate that these gradients can be sustained in time at the expense of the consumption of a chemical fuel. The approach relies on the spatially controlled activation of ATP-producing and ATP-consuming reactions through the local injection of enzymes in the matrix. The reaction-diffusion system is maintained in a stationary non-equilibrium state as long as chemical fuel, phosphocreatine, is present. The reaction-diffusion system is coupled to a supramolecular system composed of monolayer protected gold nanoparticles and a fluorescent probe. As a result of this coupling, fluorescence signals emerge spontaneously in response to the ATP-concentration gradients. We show that the approach permits the rational formation of complex fluorescence patterns that change over time as a function of the evolution of the ATP-concentrations present in the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjuan Cao
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Luca Gabrielli
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Diego Frezzato
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Leonard J Prins
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
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13
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Sun M, Deng J, Walther A. Communication and Cross-Regulation between Chemically Fueled Sender and Receiver Reaction Networks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202214499. [PMID: 36354214 PMCID: PMC10107503 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202214499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Nature connects multiple fuel-driven chemical/enzymatic reaction networks (CRNs/ERNs) via cross-regulation to hierarchically control biofunctions for a tailored adaption in complex sensory landscapes. Herein, we introduce a facile example of communication and cross-regulation among two fuel-driven DNA-based ERNs regulated by a concatenated RNA transcription regulator. ERN1 ("sender") is designed for the fuel-driven promoter formation for T7 RNA polymerase, which activates RNA transcription. The produced RNA can deactivate or activate DNA in ERN2 ("receiver") by toehold-mediated strand displacement, leading to a communication between two ERNs. The RNA from ERN1 can repress or promote the fuel-driven state of ERN2; ERN2 in turn feedbacks to regulate the lifetime of ERN1. Furthermore, the incorporation of RNase H allows for RNA degradation and enables the autonomous recovery of ERN2. We believe that concatenation of multiple CRNs/ERNs provides a basis for the design of more elaborate autonomous regulatory mechanisms in systems chemistry and synthetic biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.,Cluster of Excellence livMatS @ FIT - Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jie Deng
- Life Like Materials and Systems, Department of Chemistry, University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany.,Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Andreas Walther
- Life Like Materials and Systems, Department of Chemistry, University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence livMatS @ FIT - Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
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14
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Roy S, Adury VSS, Rao A, Roy S, Mukherjee A, Pillai PP. Electrostatically Directed Long-Range Self-Assembly of Nucleotides with Cationic Nanoparticles To Form Multifunctional Bioplasmonic Networks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202203924. [PMID: 35506473 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202203924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Precise control over interparticle interactions is essential to retain the functions of individual components in a self-assembled superstructure. Here, we report the design of a multifunctional bioplasmonic network via an electrostatically directed self-assembly process involving adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP). The present study unveils the ability of ATP to undergo a long-range self-assembly in the presence of cations and gold nanoparticles (AuNP). Modelling and NMR studies gave a qualitative insight into the major interactions driving the bioplasmonic network formation. ATP-Ca2+ coordination helps in regulating the electrostatic interaction, which is crucial in transforming an uncontrolled precipitation into a kinetically controlled aggregation process. Remarkably, ATP and AuNP retained their inherent properties in the multifunctional bioplasmonic network. The generality of electrostatically directed self-assembly process was extended to different nucleotide-nanoparticle systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Venkata Sai Sreyas Adury
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Anish Rao
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Soumendu Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Arnab Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Pramod P Pillai
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, Maharashtra, India
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15
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Borsley S, Leigh DA, Roberts BMW. Chemical fuels for molecular machinery. Nat Chem 2022; 14:728-738. [PMID: 35778564 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-022-00970-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Chemical reaction networks that transform out-of-equilibrium 'fuel' to 'waste' are the engines that power the biomolecular machinery of the cell. Inspired by such systems, autonomous artificial molecular machinery is being developed that functions by catalysing the decomposition of chemical fuels, exploiting kinetic asymmetry to harness energy released from the fuel-to-waste reaction to drive non-equilibrium structures and dynamics. Different aspects of chemical fuels profoundly influence their ability to power molecular machines. Here we consider the structure and properties of the fuels that biology has evolved and compare their features with those of the rudimentary synthetic chemical fuels that have so far been used to drive autonomous non-equilibrium molecular-level dynamics. We identify desirable, but context-specific, traits for chemical fuels together with challenges and opportunities for the design and invention of new chemical fuels to power synthetic molecular machinery and other dissipative nanoscale processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Borsley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - David A Leigh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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16
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Li X, Wang G, Zhang Q, Liu Y, Sun T, Liu S. Dissipative self-assembly of a dual-responsive block copolymer driven by a chemical oscillator. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 615:732-739. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.01.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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17
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Roy S, Adury VSS, Rao A, Roy S, Mukherjee A, Pillai PP. Electrostatically Directed Long‐Range Self‐Assembly of Nucleotides with Cationic Nanoparticles To Form Multifunctional Bioplasmonic Networks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202203924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Roy
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune 411008 Maharashtra India
| | - Venkata Sai Sreyas Adury
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune 411008 Maharashtra India
| | - Anish Rao
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune 411008 Maharashtra India
| | - Soumendu Roy
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune 411008 Maharashtra India
| | - Arnab Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune 411008 Maharashtra India
| | - Pramod P. Pillai
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune 411008 Maharashtra India
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18
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Deng J, Liu W, Sun M, Walther A. Dissipative Organization of DNA Oligomers for Transient Catalytic Function. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202113477. [PMID: 35026052 PMCID: PMC9306540 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202113477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The development of synthetic non-equilibrium systems opens doors for man-made life-like materials. Yet, creating distinct transient functions from artificial fuel-driven structures remains a challenge. Building on our ATP-driven dynamic covalent DNA assembly in an enzymatic reaction network of concurrent ATP-powered ligation and restriction, we introduce ATP-fueled transient organization of functional subunits for various functions. The programmability of the ligation/restriction site allows to precisely organize multiple sticky-end-encoded oligo segments into double-stranded (ds) DNA complexes. We demonstrate principles of ATP-driven organization into sequence-defined oligomers by sensing barcode-embedded targets with different defects. Furthermore, ATP-fueled DNAzymes for substrate cleavage are achieved by transiently ligating two DNAzyme subunits into a dsDNA complex, rendering ATP-fueled transient catalytic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Deng
- A3BMS Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany.,Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Wei Liu
- A3BMS Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Mo Sun
- Cluster of Excellence livMatS @ FIT - Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110, Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Andreas Walther
- A3BMS Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence livMatS @ FIT - Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
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19
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Coste M, Suárez-Picado E, Ulrich S. Hierarchical self-assembly of aromatic peptide conjugates into supramolecular polymers: it takes two to tango. Chem Sci 2022; 13:909-933. [PMID: 35211257 PMCID: PMC8790784 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc05589e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Supramolecular polymers are self-assembled materials displaying adaptive and responsive "life-like" behaviour which are often made of aromatic compounds capable of engaging in π-π interactions to form larger assemblies. Major advances have been made recently in controlling their mode of self-assembly, from thermodynamically-controlled isodesmic to kinetically-controlled living polymerization. Dynamic covalent chemistry has been recently implemented to generate dynamic covalent polymers which can be seen as dynamic analogues of biomacromolecules. On the other hand, peptides are readily-available and structurally-rich building blocks that can lead to secondary structures or specific functions. In this context, the past decade has seen intense research activity in studying the behaviour of aromatic-peptide conjugates through supramolecular and/or dynamic covalent chemistries. Herein, we review those impressive key achievements showcasing how aromatic- and peptide-based self-assemblies can be combined using dynamic covalent and/or supramolecular chemistry, and what it brings in terms of the structure, self-assembly pathways, and function of supramolecular and dynamic covalent polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maëva Coste
- IBMM, Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM Montpellier France
| | - Esteban Suárez-Picado
- IBMM, Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM Montpellier France
| | - Sébastien Ulrich
- IBMM, Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM Montpellier France
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20
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Deng J, Liu W, Sun M, Walther A. Dissipative Organization of DNA Oligomers for Transient Catalytic Function. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202113477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Deng
- A3BMS Lab, Department of Chemistry University of Mainz Duesbergweg 10–14 55128 Mainz Germany
- Department of Cancer Biology Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Wei Liu
- A3BMS Lab, Department of Chemistry University of Mainz Duesbergweg 10–14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Mo Sun
- Cluster of Excellence livMatS @ FIT – Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies University of Freiburg Georges-Köhler-Allee 105 79110 Freiburg Germany
- Department of Chemistry Fudan University Shanghai 200438 China
| | - Andreas Walther
- A3BMS Lab, Department of Chemistry University of Mainz Duesbergweg 10–14 55128 Mainz Germany
- Cluster of Excellence livMatS @ FIT – Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies University of Freiburg Georges-Köhler-Allee 105 79110 Freiburg Germany
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21
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Chen R, Das K, Cardona MA, Gabrielli L, Prins LJ. Progressive Local Accumulation of Self-Assembled Nanoreactors in a Hydrogel Matrix through Repetitive Injections of ATP. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:2010-2018. [PMID: 35061942 PMCID: PMC8815075 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c13504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Cellular functions
are regulated with high spatial control through
the local activation of chemical processes in a complex inhomogeneous
matrix. The development of synthetic macroscopic systems with a similar
capacity allows fundamental studies aimed at understanding the relationship
between local molecular events and the emergence of functional properties
at the macroscopic level. Here, we show that a kinetically stable
inhomogeneous hydrogel matrix is spontaneously formed upon the local
injection of ATP. Locally, ATP templates the self-assembly of amphiphiles
into large nanoreactors with a much lower diffusion rate compared
to unassembled amphiphiles. The local depletion of unassembled amphiphiles
near the injection point installs a concentration gradient along which
unassembled amphiphiles diffuse from the surroundings to the center.
This allows for a progressive local accumulation of self-assembled
nanoreactors in the matrix upon repetitive cycles of ATP injection
separated by time intervals during which diffusion of unassembled
amphiphiles takes place. Contrary to the homogeneous matrix containing
the same components, in the inhomogeneous matrix the local upregulation
of a chemical reaction occurs. Depending on the way the same amount
of injected ATP is administered to the hydrogel matrix different macroscopic
distributions of nanoreactors are obtained, which affect the location
in the matrix where the chemical reaction is upregulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Chen
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, 35131, Italy
| | - Krishnendu Das
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, 35131, Italy
| | - Maria A. Cardona
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, 35131, Italy
| | - Luca Gabrielli
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, 35131, Italy
| | - Leonard J. Prins
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, 35131, Italy
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22
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Schwarz PS, Tena-Solsona M, Dai K, Boekhoven J. Carbodiimide-fueled catalytic reaction cycles to regulate supramolecular processes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:1284-1297. [PMID: 35014639 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc06428b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Using molecular self-assembly, supramolecular chemists can create Gigadalton-structures with angstrom precision held together by non-covalent interactions. However, despite relying on the same molecular toolbox for self-assembly, these synthetic structures lack the complexity and sophistication of biological assemblies. Those assemblies are non-equilibrium structures that rely on the constant consumption of energy transduced from the hydrolysis of chemical fuels like ATP and GTP, which endows them with dynamic properties, e.g., temporal and spatial control and self-healing ability. Thus, to synthesize life-like materials, we have to find a reaction cycle that converts chemical energy to regulate self-assembly. We and others recently found that this can be done by a reaction cycle that hydrates carbodiimides. This feature article aims to provide an overview of how the energy transduced from carbodiimide hydration can alter the function of molecules and regulate molecular assemblies. The goal is to offer the reader design considerations for carbodiimide-driven reaction cycles to create a desired morphology or function of the assembly and ultimately to push chemically fueled self-assembly further towards the bottom-up synthesis of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick S Schwarz
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Marta Tena-Solsona
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Kun Dai
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Job Boekhoven
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching, Germany. .,Institute for Advanced Study, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 2a, 85748, Garching, Germany
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23
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Bley M, Hurtado PI, Dzubiella J, Moncho-Jordá A. Active interaction switching controls the dynamic heterogeneity of soft colloidal dispersions. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:397-411. [PMID: 34904609 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm01507a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We employ Reactive Dynamical Density Functional Theory (R-DDFT) and Reactive Brownian Dynamics (R-BD) simulations to investigate the dynamics of a suspension of active soft Gaussian colloids with binary interaction switching, i.e., a one-component colloidal system in which every particle stochastically switches at predefined rates between two interaction states with different mobility. Using R-DDFT we extend a theory previously developed to access the dynamics of inhomogeneous liquids [Archer et al., Phys. Rev. E: Stat., Nonlinear, Soft Matter Phys., 2007, 75, 040501] to study the influence of the switching activity on the self and distinct part of the Van Hove function in bulk solution, and determine the corresponding mean squared displacement of the switching particles. Our results demonstrate that, even though the average diffusion coefficient is not affected by the switching activity, it significantly modifies the non-equilibrium dynamics and diffusion coefficients of the individual particles, leading to a crossover from short to long times, with a regime for intermediate times showing anomalous diffusion. In addition, the self-part of the van Hove function has a Gaussian form at short and long times, but becomes non-Gaussian at intermediates ones, having a crossover between short and large displacements. The corresponding self-intermediate scattering function shows the two-step relaxation patters typically observed in soft materials with heterogeneous dynamics such as glasses and gels. We also introduce a phenomenological Continuous Time Random Walk (CTRW) theory to understand the heterogeneous diffusion of this system. R-DDFT results are in excellent agreement with R-BD simulations and the analytical predictions of CTRW theory, thus confirming that R-DDFT constitutes a powerful method to investigate not only the structure and phase behavior, but also the dynamical properties of non-equilibrium active switching colloidal suspensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Bley
- Physikalisches Institut, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Hermann-Herder Straße 3, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Pablo I Hurtado
- Departamento de Electromagnetismo y Física de la Materia, Universidad de Granada, Campus Fuentenueva S/N, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Institute Carlos I for Theoretical and Computational Physics, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Campus Fuentenueva S/N, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - Joachim Dzubiella
- Physikalisches Institut, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Hermann-Herder Straße 3, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany.
- Research Group for Simulations of Energy Materials, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, D-14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - Arturo Moncho-Jordá
- Institute Carlos I for Theoretical and Computational Physics, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Campus Fuentenueva S/N, 18071 Granada, Spain.
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Universidad de Granada, Campus Fuentenueva S/N, 18071 Granada, Spain
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24
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Baul U, Göth N, Bley M, Dzubiella J. Modulating internal transition kinetics of responsive macromolecules by collective crowding. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:244902. [PMID: 34972378 DOI: 10.1063/5.0076139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Packing and crowding are used in biology as mechanisms to (self-)regulate internal molecular or cellular processes based on collective signaling. Here, we study how the transition kinetics of an internal "switch" of responsive macromolecules is modified collectively by their spatial packing. We employ Brownian dynamics simulations of a model of Responsive Colloids, in which an explicit internal degree of freedom-here, the particle size-moving in a bimodal energy landscape self-consistently responds to the density fluctuations of the crowded environment. We demonstrate that populations and transition times for the two-state switching kinetics can be tuned over one order of magnitude by "self-crowding." An exponential scaling law derived from a combination of Kramers' and liquid state perturbation theory is in very good agreement with the simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Upayan Baul
- Applied Theoretical Physics-Computational Physics, Physikalisches Institut, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nils Göth
- Applied Theoretical Physics-Computational Physics, Physikalisches Institut, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michael Bley
- Applied Theoretical Physics-Computational Physics, Physikalisches Institut, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Joachim Dzubiella
- Applied Theoretical Physics-Computational Physics, Physikalisches Institut, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
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25
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Priyanka, Shandilya E, Brar SK, Mahato RR, Maiti S. Spatiotemporal dynamics of self-assembled structures in enzymatically induced agonistic and antagonistic conditions. Chem Sci 2021; 13:274-282. [PMID: 35059177 PMCID: PMC8694342 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc05353a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Predicting and designing systems with dynamic self-assembly properties in a spatiotemporal fashion is an important research area across disciplines ranging from understanding the fundamental non-equilibrium features of life to the fabrication of next-generation materials with life-like properties. Herein, we demonstrate a spatiotemporal dynamics pattern in the self-assembly behavior of a surfactant from an unorganized assembly, induced by adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and enzymes responsible for the degradation or conversion of ATP. We report the different behavior of two enzymes, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and hexokinase (HK), towards adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-driven surfactant assembly, which also results in contrasting spatiotemporal dynamic assembly behavior. Here, ALP acts antagonistically, resulting in transient self-assemblies, whereas HK shows agonistic action with the ability to sustain the assemblies. This dynamic assembly behavior was then used to program the time-dependent emergence of a self-assembled structure in a two-dimensional space by maintaining concentration gradients of the enzymes and surfactant at different locations, demonstrating a new route for obtaining 'spatial' organizational adaptability in a self-organized system of interacting components for the incorporation of programmed functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali Knowledge City Manauli 140306 India
| | - Ekta Shandilya
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali Knowledge City Manauli 140306 India
| | - Surinder Kaur Brar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali Knowledge City Manauli 140306 India
| | - Rishi Ram Mahato
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali Knowledge City Manauli 140306 India
| | - Subhabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali Knowledge City Manauli 140306 India
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26
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Vonk KM, Meijer EW, Vantomme G. Depolymerization of supramolecular polymers by a covalent reaction; transforming an intercalator into a sequestrator. Chem Sci 2021; 12:13572-13579. [PMID: 34777777 PMCID: PMC8528007 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc04545h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Controlling the reciprocity between chemical reactivity and supramolecular structure is a topic of great interest in the emergence of molecular complexity. In this work, we investigate the effect of a covalent reaction as a trigger to depolymerize a supramolecular assembly. We focus on the impact of an in situ thiol-ene reaction on the (co)polymerization of three derivatives of benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxamide (BTA) monomers functionalized with cysteine, hexylcysteine, and alkyl side chains: Cys-BTA, HexCys-BTA, and a-BTA. Long supramolecular polymers of Cys-BTA can be depolymerized into short dimeric aggregates of HexCys-BTA via the in situ thiol-ene reaction. Analysis of the system by time-resolved spectroscopy and light scattering unravels the fast dynamicity of the structures and the mechanism of depolymerization. Moreover, by intercalating the reactive Cys-BTA monomer into an unreactive inert polymer, the in situ thiol-ene reaction transforms the intercalator into a sequestrator and induces the depolymerization of the unreactive polymer. This work shows that the implementation of reactivity into supramolecular assemblies enables temporal control of depolymerization processes, which can bring us one step closer to understanding the interplay between non-covalent and covalent chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasper M Vonk
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - E W Meijer
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Ghislaine Vantomme
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
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27
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Bley M, Dzubiella J, Moncho-Jordá A. Active binary switching of soft colloids: stability and structural properties. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:7682-7696. [PMID: 34342324 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm00670c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We employ reactive dynamical density functional theory (R-DDFT) and reactive Brownian dynamics (R-BD) simulations to study the non-equilibrium structure and phase behavior of an active dispersion of soft Gaussian colloids with binary interaction switching, i.e., we consider a one-component colloidal system in which every particle can individually switch stochastically between two interaction states (here, sizes 'big' and 'small') at predefined rates. We consider the influence of switching activity on the inhomogeneous density profiles of the colloids confined by various external potentials, as well as on their pair structure and phase behavior in bulk solutions. For the latter, we extend the R-DDFT method to incorporate the Percus test-particle route. Our results demonstrate that switching activity strongly modifies the steady-state density profiles and structural (pair) correlations. In particular, the switching rate interpolates from a near-equilibrium binary colloidal mixture of two states at very low rates to a non-equilibrium, 'one-state liquid' at very high rates characterized by one, average interaction size. The latter limit can be described by an equivalent effective one-component (EOC) equilibrium system, for which the exact analytical expression for the effective pair potential is a diffusion-weighted superposition of the active systems' pair potentials. This leads to the interesting fact that under certain conditions an interacting switching system can behave like a non-interacting (ideal) gas in the limit of high switching rates. Moreover, for colloids that are unstable (i.e., demix) near equilibrium, we demonstrate that phase separation and micro-clustering in both confinement and bulk can be dynamically controlled by the switching rate, and vanish for high rates. All R-DDFT results are in excellent agreement with our R-BD simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Bley
- Physikalisches Institut, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Hermann-Herder Straße 3, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany.
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28
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Olivieri E, Quintard G, Naubron JV, Quintard A. Chemically Fueled Three-State Chiroptical Switching Supramolecular Gel with Temporal Control. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:12650-12657. [PMID: 34351739 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c05183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The recent discovery of temporally controlled gels opens broad perspectives to the field of smart functional materials. However, to obtain fully operative systems, the design of simple and robust gels displaying complex functions is desirable. Herein, we fuel dissipative gelating materials through iterative additions of trichloroacetic acid (TCA). This simple fuel enables to switch over time an acid/base-dependent commercially available amino acid gelator/DBU combination between three distinct states (anionic, cationic, and neutral), while liberating volatile CO2 and CHCl3 upon fuel consumption. Of interest, the anionic resting state of the system is obtained through trapping of 1 equiv of CO2 through the formation of a carbamate. The system is tunable, robust, and resilient over time with over 25 consecutive sol-gel-sol cycles possible without significant loss of properties. Most importantly, because of the chiral nature of the amino acid gelator, the system features chiroptical switching properties moving reversibly between three distinct states as observed by ECD. The described system considerably enhances the potential of smart molecular devices for logic gates or data storage by adding a time dimension based on three states to the gelating materials. It is particularly simple in terms of chemical components involved, but it enables sophisticated functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enzo Olivieri
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France
| | - Guilhem Quintard
- Université de Lyon, INSA LYON, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères IMP-UMR, CNRS, 5223, F 69621, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Jean-Valère Naubron
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Spectropole-FR1739, Marseille, France
| | - Adrien Quintard
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France
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Li D, Ma C, Xiang J, Zhang K, Yang L, Gan Q. A Disulfide Switch Providing Absolute Handedness Control in Double Helices via Conversion from the Antiparallel to Parallel Helical Pattern. Chemistry 2021; 27:11663-11669. [PMID: 34014575 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A strategy to reversibly switch the parallel/antiparallel helical conformation of aromatic double helices through the formation/breakage of a disulfide bond is presented. Single-crystal X-ray structures, NMR, and circular dichroism spectroscopy demonstrate that the double helices with terminal thiol groups favor an antiparallel helical arrangement both in the solid state and in solution, while the P/M bias of helicity induced by chiral segments from another extremity of the sequence is weak in this structural motif. The antiparallel helices can be rearranged to parallel helices through the disulfide connection of the sequences. This change enhances the bias of helical handedness and results in absolute chirality control of the double helices. The handedness-mediated process can be governed by the oxidation-reduction cycle, thereby switching the structural arrangement and the enhancement of chiral bias. In addition, we find that the sequences can dimerize into an intermolecular double helix with the disulfide connection. And the helical handedness is also fully controlled due to the head-to-head structural motif.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyao Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Chunmiao Ma
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Junfeng Xiang
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Ling Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Quan Gan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
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Gao Z, Qiu S, Yan F, Zhang S, Wang F, Tian W. Time-encoded bio-fluorochromic supramolecular co-assembly for rewritable security printing. Chem Sci 2021; 12:10041-10047. [PMID: 34377397 PMCID: PMC8317669 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc03105h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Innovative fluorescence security technologies for paper-based information are still highly pursued nowadays because data leakage and indelibility have become serious economic and social problems. Herein, we report a novel transient bio-fluorochromic supramolecular co-assembly mediated by a hydrolytic enzyme (ALP: alkaline phosphatase) towards rewritable security printing. A co-assembly based on the designed tetrabranched cationic diethynylanthracene monomer tends to be formed by adding adenosine triphosphate (ATP) as the biofuel. The resulting co-assembly possesses a time-encoded bio-fluorochromic feature, upon successively hydrolyzing ATP with ALP and re-adding new batches of ATP. On this basis, the dynamic fluorescent properties of this time-encoded co-assembly system have been successfully enabled in rewritable security patterns via an inkjet printing technique, providing fascinating potential for fluorescence security materials with a biomimetic mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Gao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry Under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072 P. R. China
| | - Shuai Qiu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry Under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072 P. R. China
| | - Fei Yan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry Under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072 P. R. China
| | - Shuyi Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry Under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072 P. R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| | - Wei Tian
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry Under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072 P. R. China
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31
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Han Y, Yin Y, Wang F, Wang F. Single-Photon Near-Infrared-Responsiveness from the Molecular to the Supramolecular Level via Platination of Pentacenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:14076-14082. [PMID: 33829624 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202103125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Near-infrared (NIR) responsiveness is important for various applications. Currently, single-photon NIR-responsive systems are rare compared to systems that display two-photon absorption and triplet-triplet annihilation processes. Supramolecular stacking of photo-responsive chromophores results in decreased efficiency due to space-confinement effects. Herein we show that σ-platination of pentacenes is a feasible protocol to build single-photon NIR-responsive systems, with advantages including a low HOMO-LUMO energy gap, high photochemical efficiency, and pathway specificity. The pentacene-to-endoperoxidation transformation is accompanied by color and absorbance changes. The high photo-oxygenation efficiency of σ-platinated pentacenes facilitates NIR responsiveness in one-dimensional supramolecular polymers, resulting in the disappearance of supramolecular chirality signals and disruption of self-assembled nanofibers. Overall, the σ-platination strategy opens up new avenues toward NIR photo-responsive materials at the molecular and supramolecular levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yueru Yin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Fan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
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32
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Lang X, Thumu U, Yuan L, Zheng C, Zhang H, He L, Zhao H, Zhao C. Chemical fuel-driven transient polymeric micelle nanoreactors toward reversible trapping and reaction acceleration. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:5786-5789. [PMID: 33998623 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc00726b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In most synthetic nanoreactor systems, catalysed products do not promptly diffuse away from the nanoreactor, which leads to lower than expected catalytic efficiencies. To address the diffusion problem, transient polymer micelle nanoreactor systems were achieved using 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC) as the fuel and activated esters as the energy dissipating units. These demonstrated pathway-dependent catalytic properties for transient micelles: product inhibition was observed or efficiently eliminated depending on EDC reloading in the metastable stage or after full dissipation for transient micelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianhua Lang
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences (IFFS), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu 610054, China.
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33
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Cardona MA, Chen R, Maiti S, Fortunati I, Ferrante C, Gabrielli L, Das K, Prins LJ. Time-gated fluorescence signalling under dissipative conditions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 56:13979-13982. [PMID: 33079099 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc05993e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Precise control over specific functions in the time domain is ubiquitous in biological systems. Here, we demonstrate time-gated fluorescence signalling under dissipative conditions exploiting an ATP-fueled self-assembly process. A temporal ATP-concentration gradient allows the system to pass through three states, among which only the intermediate state generates a fluorescent signal from a hydrophobic dye entrapped in the assemblies. The system can be reactivated by adding a new batch of ATP. The results indicate a strategy to rationally programme the temporal emergence of functions in complex chemical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Cardona
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Subhabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Knowledge City, Manauli 140306, India
| | - Ilaria Fortunati
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Camilla Ferrante
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Luca Gabrielli
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Krishnendu Das
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Leonard J Prins
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy.
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34
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Single‐Photon Near‐Infrared‐Responsiveness from the Molecular to the Supramolecular Level via Platination of Pentacenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202103125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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35
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Ghosh A, Paul I, Schmittel M. Multitasking with Chemical Fuel: Dissipative Formation of a Pseudorotaxane Rotor from Five Distinct Components. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:5319-5323. [PMID: 33787253 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c01948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A 3-fold completive self-sorted library of dynamic motifs was integrated into the design of the pseudorotaxane-based rotor [Zn(2·H+)(3)(4)]2+ operating at k298 = 15.4 kHz. The rotational motion in the five-component device is based on association/dissociation of the pyridyl head of the pseudorotaxane rotator arm between two zinc(II) porphyrin stations. Addition of TFA or 2-cyano-2-phenylpropanoic acid as a chemical fuel to a zinc release system and the loose rotor components 2-4 enabled the liberated zinc(II) ions and protons to act in unison, setting up the rotor through the formation of a heteroleptic zinc complex and a pseudorotaxane linkage. With chemical fuel, the dissipative system was reproducibly pulsed three times without a problem. Due to the double role of the fuel acid, two kinetically distinct processes played a role in both the out-of-equilibrium assembly and disassembly of the rotor, highlighting the complex issues in multitasking of chemical fuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Ghosh
- Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and Engineering, Organische Chemie I, Universität Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Strasse 2, D-57068 Siegen, Germany
| | - Indrajit Paul
- Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and Engineering, Organische Chemie I, Universität Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Strasse 2, D-57068 Siegen, Germany
| | - Michael Schmittel
- Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and Engineering, Organische Chemie I, Universität Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Strasse 2, D-57068 Siegen, Germany
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36
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Fan X, Walther A. Autonomous Transient pH Flips Shaped by Layered Compartmentalization of Antagonistic Enzymatic Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:3619-3624. [PMID: 33098236 PMCID: PMC7898518 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202009542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Transient signaling orchestrates complex spatiotemporal behaviour in living organisms via (bio)chemical reaction networks (CRNs). Compartmentalization of signal processing is an important aspect for controlling such networks. However, artificial CRNs mostly focus on homogeneous solutions to program autonomous self-assembling systems, which limits their accessible behaviour and tuneability. Here, we introduce layered compartments housing antagonistic pH-modulating enzymes and demonstrate that transient pH signals in a supernatant solution can be programmed based on spatial delays. This overcomes limitations of activity mismatches of antagonistic enzymes in solution and allows to flexibly program acidic and alkaline pH lifecycles beyond the possibilities of homogeneous solutions. Lag time, lifetime, and the pH minima and maxima can be precisely programmed by adjusting spatial and kinetic conditions. We integrate these spatially controlled pH flips with switchable peptides, furnishing time-programmed self-assemblies and hydrogel material system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlong Fan
- ABMS Lab-Active Adaptive and Autonomous Bioinspired MaterialsInstitute for Macromolecular ChemistryUniversity of FreiburgStefan-Meier-Str. 3179104FreiburgGermany
- Freiburg Materials Research Center (FMF)University of FreiburgStefan-Meier-Str. 2179104FreiburgGermany
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT)University of FreiburgGeorges-Köhler-Allee 10579110FreiburgGermany
- Cluster of Excellence livMatS @ FIT-Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired TechnologiesUniversity of FreiburgGeorges-Köhler-Allee 10579110FreiburgGermany
| | - Andreas Walther
- ABMS Lab-Active Adaptive and Autonomous Bioinspired MaterialsInstitute for Macromolecular ChemistryUniversity of FreiburgStefan-Meier-Str. 3179104FreiburgGermany
- Freiburg Materials Research Center (FMF)University of FreiburgStefan-Meier-Str. 2179104FreiburgGermany
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT)University of FreiburgGeorges-Köhler-Allee 10579110FreiburgGermany
- Cluster of Excellence livMatS @ FIT-Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired TechnologiesUniversity of FreiburgGeorges-Köhler-Allee 10579110FreiburgGermany
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37
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van der Helm MP, de Beun T, Eelkema R. On the use of catalysis to bias reaction pathways in out-of-equilibrium systems. Chem Sci 2021; 12:4484-4493. [PMID: 34163713 PMCID: PMC8179475 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc06406h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Catalysis is an essential function in living systems and provides a way to control complex reaction networks. In natural out-of-equilibrium chemical reaction networks (CRNs) driven by the consumption of chemical fuels, enzymes provide catalytic control over pathway kinetics, giving rise to complex functions. Catalytic regulation of man-made fuel-driven systems is far less common and mostly deals with enzyme catalysis instead of synthetic catalysts. Here, we show via simulations, illustrated by literature examples, how any catalyst can be incorporated in a non-equilibrium CRN and what their effect is on the behavior of the system. Alteration of the catalysts' concentrations in batch and flow gives rise to responses in maximum conversion, lifetime (i.e. product half-lives and t90 - time to recover 90% of the reactant) and steady states. In situ up or downregulation of catalysts' levels temporarily changes the product steady state, whereas feedback elements can give unusual concentration profiles as a function of time and self-regulation in a CRN. We show that simulations can be highly effective in predicting CRN behavior. In the future, shifting the focus from enzyme catalysis towards small molecule and metal catalysis in out-of-equilibrium systems can provide us with new reaction networks and enhance their application potential in synthetic materials, overall advancing the design of man-made responsive and interactive systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle P van der Helm
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology Van der Maasweg 9 2629 HZ Delft The Netherlands +31 15 27 81035
| | - Tuanke de Beun
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology Van der Maasweg 9 2629 HZ Delft The Netherlands +31 15 27 81035
| | - Rienk Eelkema
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology Van der Maasweg 9 2629 HZ Delft The Netherlands +31 15 27 81035
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38
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Dhiman S, Singh A, George SJ. Active Bicomponent Nanoparticle Assembly with Temporal, Microstructural, and Functional Control. Chemistry 2021; 27:705-711. [PMID: 32697396 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Transient supramolecular self-assembly has evolved as a tool to create temporally programmable smart materials. Yet, so far single-component self-assembly has been mostly explored. In contrast, multicomponent self-assembly provides an opportunity to create unique nanostructures exhibiting complex functional outcomes, newer and different than individual components. Even two-component can result in multiple organizations, such as self-sorted domains or co-assembled heterostructures, can occur, thus making it highly complex to predict and reversibly modulate these microstructures. In this study, we attempted to create active bicomponent nanoparticle assemblies of orthogonally pH-responsive-group-functionalized gold and cadmium selenide nanoparticles with temporal microstructural control on their composition (self-sorted or co-assembly) in order to harvest their emergent transient photocatalytic activity by coupling to temporal changes in pH. Moving towards multicomponent systems can deliver next level control in terms of structural and functional outcomes of supramolecular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikha Dhiman
- Supramolecular Chemistry Laboratory, School of Advanced Materials (SAMat) and New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bangalore, 560064, India
| | - Akanksha Singh
- Supramolecular Chemistry Laboratory, School of Advanced Materials (SAMat) and New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bangalore, 560064, India
| | - Subi J George
- Supramolecular Chemistry Laboratory, School of Advanced Materials (SAMat) and New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bangalore, 560064, India
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39
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Fan X, Walther A. Autonomous Transient pH Flips Shaped by Layered Compartmentalization of Antagonistic Enzymatic Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202009542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinlong Fan
- A3BMS Lab-Active Adaptive and Autonomous Bioinspired Materials Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry University of Freiburg Stefan-Meier-Str. 31 79104 Freiburg Germany
- Freiburg Materials Research Center (FMF) University of Freiburg Stefan-Meier-Str. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT) University of Freiburg Georges-Köhler-Allee 105 79110 Freiburg Germany
- Cluster of Excellence livMatS @ FIT-Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies University of Freiburg Georges-Köhler-Allee 105 79110 Freiburg Germany
| | - Andreas Walther
- A3BMS Lab-Active Adaptive and Autonomous Bioinspired Materials Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry University of Freiburg Stefan-Meier-Str. 31 79104 Freiburg Germany
- Freiburg Materials Research Center (FMF) University of Freiburg Stefan-Meier-Str. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT) University of Freiburg Georges-Köhler-Allee 105 79110 Freiburg Germany
- Cluster of Excellence livMatS @ FIT-Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies University of Freiburg Georges-Köhler-Allee 105 79110 Freiburg Germany
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40
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Mukhopadhyay RD, Choi S, Sen SK, Hwang IC, Kim K. Transient Self-assembly Processes Operated by Gaseous Fuels under Out-of-Equilibrium Conditions. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:4118-4123. [PMID: 33135872 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202001183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Herein we report transient out-of-equilibrium self-assembly of molecules operated by gaseous fuel mixtures. The combination of an active gaseous chemical fuel and an inert gas or compressed air, which assists the degassing of the gaseous fuel from the solution, drives the transient self-assembly process. The gaseous nature of the fuel as well as the exhaust helps in their easy removal and thereby prevents their accumulation within the system and helps in maintaining the efficiency of the transient self-assembly process. The strategy is executed with a rather simple experimental set up and operates at ambient temperatures. Our approach may find use in the development of smart materials suitable for applications such as temporally active gas sensing and sequestration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Dev Mukhopadhyay
- Center for Self-assembly and Complexity (CSC), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Seoyeon Choi
- Center for Self-assembly and Complexity (CSC), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.,Division of Advanced Materials Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Shovan Kumar Sen
- Center for Self-assembly and Complexity (CSC), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Chul Hwang
- Center for Self-assembly and Complexity (CSC), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Kimoon Kim
- Center for Self-assembly and Complexity (CSC), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.,Division of Advanced Materials Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.,Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
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41
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Gayen K, Nandi N, Das KS, Hermida-Merino D, Hamley IW, Banerjee A. The aging effect on the enhancement of thermal stability, mechanical stiffness and fluorescence properties of histidine-appended naphthalenediimide based two-component hydrogels. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:10106-10114. [PMID: 32716462 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm00468e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A histidine attached naphthalenediimide (NDI)-containing amphiphilic molecule (NDIP) self-assembles into nanotubes in aqueous solution at pH 6.6 as revealed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy studies. This histidine-appended NDI forms a two-component hydrogel in the presence of tartaric acid at a molar ratio of 1 : 2. A morphological transformation was observed from a nanotube structure in the non-gel aggregated state of histidine appended NDI to interconnected cross-linked nanofibers of the two-component hydrogel in the presence of tartaric acid. Interestingly, the gel exhibits an unusual behavior upon aging compared to the fresh gel. It is found that the thermal stability and gel stiffness increase very significantly upon aging. Another important feature noted is that the very weak fluorescence of the fresh gel is transformed into bright greenish fluorescence upon aging. These results suggest that intermolecular interactions among the gelator molecules and tartaric acid in the gel phase slowly increase with time to form a mechanically very stiff and thermally robust gel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kousik Gayen
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India.
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42
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van der Helm MP, Wang CL, Fan B, Macchione M, Mendes E, Eelkema R. Organocatalytic Control over a Fuel-Driven Transient-Esterification Network*. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:20604-20611. [PMID: 32700406 PMCID: PMC7693295 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202008921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Signal transduction in living systems is the conversion of information into a chemical change, and is the principal process by which cells communicate. In nature, these functions are encoded in non-equilibrium (bio)chemical reaction networks (CRNs) controlled by enzymes. However, man-made catalytically controlled networks are rare. We incorporated catalysis into an artificial fuel-driven out-of-equilibrium CRN, where the forward (ester formation) and backward (ester hydrolysis) reactions are controlled by varying the ratio of two organocatalysts: pyridine and imidazole. This catalytic regulation enables full control over ester yield and lifetime. This fuel-driven strategy was expanded to a responsive polymer system, where transient polymer conformation and aggregation are controlled through fuel and catalyst levels. Altogether, we show that organocatalysis can be used to control a man-made fuel-driven system and induce a change in a macromolecular superstructure, as in natural non-equilibrium systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle P van der Helm
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629, HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Chang-Lin Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629, HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Bowen Fan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629, HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Mariano Macchione
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629, HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Eduardo Mendes
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629, HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Rienk Eelkema
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629, HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
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43
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Mishra A, Dhiman S, George SJ. ATP‐Driven Synthetic Supramolecular Assemblies: From ATP as a Template to Fuel. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202006614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ananya Mishra
- Supramolecular Chemistry Laboratory New Chemistry Unit School of Advanced Materials (SAMat) Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur Bangalore 560064 India
| | - Shikha Dhiman
- Supramolecular Chemistry Laboratory New Chemistry Unit School of Advanced Materials (SAMat) Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur Bangalore 560064 India
| | - Subi J. George
- Supramolecular Chemistry Laboratory New Chemistry Unit School of Advanced Materials (SAMat) Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur Bangalore 560064 India
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Mishra A, Dhiman S, George SJ. ATP‐Driven Synthetic Supramolecular Assemblies: From ATP as a Template to Fuel. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 60:2740-2756. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202006614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ananya Mishra
- Supramolecular Chemistry Laboratory New Chemistry Unit School of Advanced Materials (SAMat) Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur Bangalore 560064 India
| | - Shikha Dhiman
- Supramolecular Chemistry Laboratory New Chemistry Unit School of Advanced Materials (SAMat) Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur Bangalore 560064 India
| | - Subi J. George
- Supramolecular Chemistry Laboratory New Chemistry Unit School of Advanced Materials (SAMat) Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur Bangalore 560064 India
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Deng J, Walther A. ATP-Responsive and ATP-Fueled Self-Assembling Systems and Materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2002629. [PMID: 32881127 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202002629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a central metabolite that plays an indispensable role in various cellular processes, from energy supply to cell-to-cell signaling. Nature has developed sophisticated strategies to use the energy stored in ATP for many metabolic and non-equilibrium processes, and to sense and bind ATP for biological signaling. The variations in the ATP concentrations from one organelle to another, from extracellular to intracellular environments, and from normal cells to cancer cells are one motivation for designing ATP-triggered and ATP-fueled systems and materials, because they show great potential for applications in biological systems by using ATP as a trigger or chemical fuel. Over the last decade, ATP has been emerging as an attractive co-assembling component for man-made stimuli-responsive as well as for fuel-driven active systems and materials. Herein, current advances and emerging concepts for ATP-triggered and ATP-fueled self-assemblies and materials are discussed, shedding light on applications and highlighting future developments. By bringing together concepts of different domains, that is from supramolecular chemistry to DNA nanoscience, from equilibrium to non-equilibrium self-assembly, and from fundamental sciences to applications, the aim is to cross-fertilize current approaches with the ultimate aim to bring synthetic ATP-dependent systems closer to living systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Deng
- A3BMS Lab - Active, Adaptive and Autonomous Bioinspired Materials, Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Straße 31, Freiburg, 79104, Germany
- Freiburg Materials Research Center (FMF), University of Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Str. 21, Freiburg, 79104, Germany
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT), University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, Freiburg, 79110, Germany
| | - Andreas Walther
- A3BMS Lab - Active, Adaptive and Autonomous Bioinspired Materials, Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Straße 31, Freiburg, 79104, Germany
- Freiburg Materials Research Center (FMF), University of Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Str. 21, Freiburg, 79104, Germany
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT), University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, Freiburg, 79110, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence livMatS @ FIT - Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, Freiburg, D-79110, Germany
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Del Grosso E, Ponzo I, Ragazzon G, Prins LJ, Ricci F. Disulfide‐Linked Allosteric Modulators for Multi‐cycle Kinetic Control of DNA‐Based Nanodevices. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202008007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Erica Del Grosso
- Department of Chemistry University of Rome Tor Vergata Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1 00133 Rome Italy
| | - Irene Ponzo
- Department of Chemistry University of Rome Tor Vergata Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1 00133 Rome Italy
| | - Giulio Ragazzon
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Trieste Via L. Giorgieri 1 34127 Trieste Italy
| | - Leonard J. Prins
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Padua Via Marzolo 1 35131 Padua Italy
| | - Francesco Ricci
- Department of Chemistry University of Rome Tor Vergata Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1 00133 Rome Italy
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47
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Del Grosso E, Ponzo I, Ragazzon G, Prins LJ, Ricci F. Disulfide‐Linked Allosteric Modulators for Multi‐cycle Kinetic Control of DNA‐Based Nanodevices. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:21058-21063. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202008007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erica Del Grosso
- Department of Chemistry University of Rome Tor Vergata Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1 00133 Rome Italy
| | - Irene Ponzo
- Department of Chemistry University of Rome Tor Vergata Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1 00133 Rome Italy
| | - Giulio Ragazzon
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Trieste Via L. Giorgieri 1 34127 Trieste Italy
| | - Leonard J. Prins
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Padua Via Marzolo 1 35131 Padua Italy
| | - Francesco Ricci
- Department of Chemistry University of Rome Tor Vergata Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1 00133 Rome Italy
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Helm MP, Wang C, Fan B, Macchione M, Mendes E, Eelkema R. Organocatalytic Control over a Fuel‐Driven Transient‐Esterification Network**. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202008921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle P. Helm
- Department of Chemical Engineering Delft University of Technology Van der Maasweg 9 2629 HZ Delft The Netherlands
| | - Chang‐Lin Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering Delft University of Technology Van der Maasweg 9 2629 HZ Delft The Netherlands
| | - Bowen Fan
- Department of Chemical Engineering Delft University of Technology Van der Maasweg 9 2629 HZ Delft The Netherlands
| | - Mariano Macchione
- Department of Chemical Engineering Delft University of Technology Van der Maasweg 9 2629 HZ Delft The Netherlands
| | - Eduardo Mendes
- Department of Chemical Engineering Delft University of Technology Van der Maasweg 9 2629 HZ Delft The Netherlands
| | - Rienk Eelkema
- Department of Chemical Engineering Delft University of Technology Van der Maasweg 9 2629 HZ Delft The Netherlands
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49
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Moncho-Jordá A, Dzubiella J. Controlling the Microstructure and Phase Behavior of Confined Soft Colloids by Active Interaction Switching. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:078001. [PMID: 32857575 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.078001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We explore the microstructure and phase behavior of confined soft colloids which can actively switch their interactions at a predefined kinetic rate. For this, we employ a reactive dynamical density-functional theory and study the effect of a two-state switching of the size of colloids interacting with a Gaussian pair potential in the nonequilibrium steady state. The switching rate interpolates between a near-equilibrium binary mixture at low rates and a nonequilibrium monodisperse liquid for large rates, strongly affecting the one-body density profiles, adsorption, and pressure at confining walls. Importantly, we show that sufficiently fast switching impedes the phase separation of an (in equilibrium) unstable liquid, allowing the control of the degree of mixing and condensation and local microstructuring in a cellular confinement by tuning the switching rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arturo Moncho-Jordá
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Universidad de Granada, Campus Fuentenueva S/N, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto Carlos I de Física Teórica y Computacional, Universidad de Granada, Campus Fuentenueva S/N, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Joachim Dzubiella
- Applied Theoretical Physics-Computational Physics, Physikalisches Institut, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Hermann-Herder Straße 3, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence livMatS @ FIT-Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, D-79110 Freiburg, Germany
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50
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Deng J, Walther A. ATP-powered molecular recognition to engineer transient multivalency and self-sorting 4D hierarchical systems. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3658. [PMID: 32694613 PMCID: PMC7374688 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17479-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Biological systems organize multiple hierarchical structures in parallel, and create dynamic assemblies and functions by energy dissipation. In contrast, emerging artificial non-equilibrium self-assembling systems have remained relatively simplistic concerning hierarchical design, and non-equilibrium multi-component systems are uncharted territory. Here we report a modular DNA toolbox allowing to program transient non-equilibrium multicomponent systems across hierarchical length scales by introducing chemically fueled molecular recognition orchestrated by reaction networks of concurrent ATP-powered ligation and cleavage of freely programmable DNA building blocks. Going across hierarchical levels, we demonstrate transient side-chain functionalized nucleic acid polymers, and further introduce the concept of transient cooperative multivalency as a key to bridge length scales to pioneer fuel-driven encapsulation, self-assembly of colloids, and non-equilibrium transient narcissistic colloidal self-sorting on a systems level. The fully programmable and functionalizable DNA components pave the way to design chemically fueled 4D (3 space, 1 time) molecular multicomponent systems and autonomous materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Deng
- A3BMS Lab, Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Straße 31, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- DFG Cluster of Excellence "Living, Adaptive and Energy-Autonomous Materials Systems" (livMatS), 79110, Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Materials Research Center, University of Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Straße 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT), University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies (FRIAS), University of Freiburg, Albertstraße 19, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Walther
- A3BMS Lab, Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Straße 31, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.
- DFG Cluster of Excellence "Living, Adaptive and Energy-Autonomous Materials Systems" (livMatS), 79110, Freiburg, Germany.
- Freiburg Materials Research Center, University of Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Straße 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT), University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110, Freiburg, Germany.
- Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies (FRIAS), University of Freiburg, Albertstraße 19, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.
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