1
|
Li H, Yao J, Xu G, Yiu SM, Siu CK, Wang Z, Peng YK, Xie Y, Wang Y, Lu Z. Reduction of Li + within a borate anion. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2590. [PMID: 38519505 PMCID: PMC10960030 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46948-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Group 1 elements exhibit the lowest electronegativity values in the Periodic Table. The chemical reduction of Group 1 metal cations M+ to M(0) is extremely challenging. Common tetraaryl borates demonstrate limited redox properties and are prone to decomposition upon oxidation. In this study, by employing simple yet versatile bipyridines as ligands, we synthesized a series of redox-active borate anions characterized by NMR and X-ray single-crystal diffraction. Notably, the borate anion can realize the reduction of Li+, generating elemental lithium metal and boron radical, thereby demonstrating its potent reducing ability. Furthermore, it can serve as a powerful two-electron-reducing reagent and be readily applied in various reductive homo-coupling reactions and Birch reduction of acridine. Additionally, this borate anion demonstrates its catalytic ability in the selective two-electron reduction of CO2 into CO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haokun Li
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Jiachen Yao
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Gan Xu
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Shek-Man Yiu
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Chi-Kit Siu
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Yung-Kang Peng
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Yi Xie
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Zhenpin Lu
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chang X, Xu Y, von Delius M. Recent advances in supramolecular fullerene chemistry. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:47-83. [PMID: 37853792 PMCID: PMC10759306 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00937d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Fullerene chemistry has come a long way since 1990, when the first bulk production of C60 was reported. In the past decade, progress in supramolecular chemistry has opened some remarkable and previously unexpected opportunities regarding the selective (multiple) functionalization of fullerenes and their (self)assembly into larger structures and frameworks. The purpose of this review article is to provide a comprehensive overview of these recent developments. We describe how macrocycles and cages that bind strongly to C60 can be used to block undesired addition patterns and thus allow the selective preparation of single-isomer addition products. We also discuss how the emergence of highly shape-persistent macrocycles has opened opportunities for the study of photoactive fullerene dyads and triads as well as the preparation of mechanically interlocked compounds. The preparation of two- or three-dimensional fullerene materials is another research area that has seen remarkable progress over the past few years. Due to the rapidly decreasing price of C60 and C70, we believe that these achievements will translate into all fields where fullerenes have traditionally (third-generation solar cells) and more recently been applied (catalysis, spintronics).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingmao Chang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Ulm University, Ulm 89081, Germany.
| | - Youzhi Xu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Max von Delius
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Ulm University, Ulm 89081, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yue F, Ma H, Ding P, Song H, Liu Y, Wang Q. Formation of C-B, C-C, and C-X Bonds from Nonstabilized Aryl Radicals Generated from Diaryl Boryl Radicals. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2023; 9:2268-2276. [PMID: 38161365 PMCID: PMC10755731 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.3c00993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
With the development of organoboron chemistry, boron-centered radicals have become increasingly attractive. However, their synthetic applications remain limited in that they have been used only as substrates for addition reactions or as initiators for catalytic reactions. We have achieved a new reaction pathway in which tetraarylborate salts are used as precursors for aryl radicals via boron radicals, by introducing a simple activation reagent. In addition, we carried out a diverse array of transformations involving these aryl radical precursors, which allowed the construction of new C-B, C-C, and C-X bonds in the presence of visible light.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fuyang Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic
Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers
Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Henan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic
Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers
Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pengxuan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic
Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers
Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongjian Song
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic
Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers
Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuxiu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic
Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers
Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingmin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic
Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers
Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Spicer RL, O'Connor HM, Ben-Tal Y, Zhou H, Boaler PJ, Milne FC, Brechin EK, Lloyd-Jones GC, Lusby PJ. Exo-cage catalysis and initiation derived from photo-activating host-guest encapsulation. Chem Sci 2023; 14:14140-14145. [PMID: 38098714 PMCID: PMC10718074 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc04877b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Coordination cage catalysis has commonly relied on the endogenous binding of substrates, exploiting the cavity microenvironment and spatial constraints to engender increased reactivity or interesting selectivity. Nonetheless, there are issues with this approach, such as the frequent occurrence of product inhibition or the limited applicability to a wide range of substrates and reactions. Here we describe a strategy in which the cage acts as an exogenous catalyst, wherein reactants, intermediates and products remain unbound throughout the course of the catalytic cycle. Instead, the cage is used to alter the properties of a cofactor guest, which then transfers reactivity to the bulk-phase. We have exemplified this approach using photocatalysis, showing that a photoactivated host-guest complex can mediate [4 + 2] cycloadditions and the aza-Henry reaction. Detailed in situ photolysis experiments show that the cage can both act as a photo-initiator and as an on-cycle catalyst where the quantum yield is less than unity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Spicer
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road Edinburgh Scotland EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Helen M O'Connor
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road Edinburgh Scotland EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Yael Ben-Tal
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road Edinburgh Scotland EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Hang Zhou
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road Edinburgh Scotland EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Patrick J Boaler
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road Edinburgh Scotland EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Fraser C Milne
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road Edinburgh Scotland EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Euan K Brechin
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road Edinburgh Scotland EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Guy C Lloyd-Jones
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road Edinburgh Scotland EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Paul J Lusby
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road Edinburgh Scotland EH9 3FJ UK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Piskorz TK, Martí-Centelles V, Spicer RL, Duarte F, Lusby PJ. Picking the lock of coordination cage catalysis. Chem Sci 2023; 14:11300-11331. [PMID: 37886081 PMCID: PMC10599471 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc02586a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The design principles of metallo-organic assembly reactions have facilitated access to hundreds of coordination cages of varying size and shape. Many of these assemblies possess a well-defined cavity capable of hosting a guest, pictorially mimicking the action of a substrate binding to the active site of an enzyme. While there are now a growing collection of coordination cages that show highly proficient catalysis, exhibiting both excellent activity and efficient turnover, this number is still small compared to the vast library of metal-organic structures that are known. In this review, we will attempt to unpick and discuss the key features that make an effective coordination cage catalyst, linking structure to activity (and selectivity) using lessons learnt from both experimental and computational analysis of the most notable exemplars. We will also provide an outlook for this area, reasoning why coordination cages have the potential to become the gold-standard in (synthetic) non-covalent catalysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz K Piskorz
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Vicente Martí-Centelles
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València Camino de Vera, s/n 46022 Valencia Spain
| | - Rebecca L Spicer
- Department of Chemistry, Lancaster University Lancaster LA14YB UK
| | - Fernanda Duarte
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Paul J Lusby
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh Edinburgh Scotland EH9 3FJ UK
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lin HY, Wang YT, Shi X, Yang HB, Xu L. Switchable metallacycles and metallacages. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:1129-1154. [PMID: 36722920 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00779g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional metallacycles and three-dimensional metallacages constructed by coordination-driven self-assembly have attracted much attention because they exhibit unique structures and properties and are highly efficient to synthesize. Introduction of switching into supramolecular chemistry systems is a popular strategy, as switching can endow systems with reversible features that are triggered by different stimuli. Through this strategy, novel switchable metallacycles and metallacages were generated, which can be reversibly switched into different stable states with distinct characteristics by external stimuli. Switchable metallacycles and metallacages exhibit versatile structures and reversible properties and are inherently dynamic and respond to artificial signals; thus, these structures have many promising applications in a wide range of fields, such as drug delivery, data processing, pollutant removal, switchable catalysis, smart functional materials, etc. This review focuses on the design of switchable metallacycles and metallacages, their switching behaviours and mechanisms triggered by external stimuli, and the corresponding structural changes and resultant properties and functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yu Lin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, P. R. China.
| | - Yu-Te Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, P. R. China.
| | - Xueliang Shi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, P. R. China.
| | - Hai-Bo Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, P. R. China. .,Wuhu Hospital Affiliated to East China Normal University (The Second People's Hospital of Wuhu), Wuhu 241001, P. R. China
| | - Lin Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, P. R. China. .,Wuhu Hospital Affiliated to East China Normal University (The Second People's Hospital of Wuhu), Wuhu 241001, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Heterogeneous Photoredox Catalysis Based on Silica Mesoporous Material and Eosin Y: Impact of Material Support on Selectivity of Radical Cyclization. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28020549. [PMID: 36677607 PMCID: PMC9865568 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Heterogenization of the photocatalyst appears to be a valuable solution to reach sustainable processes. Rapid and efficient synthesis of supported photocatalyst is still a remaining challenge and the choice of the support material is crucial. The present study aims at preparing a new generation of hybrid inorganic/organic photocatalysts based on silica mesoporous material and Eosin Y. These results highlight the influence of non-covalent interactions between the material support and the reagent impacting the selectivity of the reaction.
Collapse
|
8
|
Yim K, Yeung C, Wong MY, Probert MR, Law G. Differentiable Formation of Chiroptical Lanthanide Heterometallic Ln n Ln' 4-n (L 6 ) (n=0-4) Tetrahedra with C 2 -Symmetrical Bis(tridentate) Ligands. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201655. [PMID: 35778773 PMCID: PMC9805037 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Construction of lanthanide heterometallic complex is important for engineering multifunction molecular containers. However, it remains a challenge because of the similar ionic radii of lanthanides. Herein we attempt to prepare chiral lanthanide heterometallic tetrahedra. Upon crystallization with a mixture of [Eu2 L3 ] and [Ln2 L3 ] (Ln=Gd, Tb and Dy) helicates, a mixture of heterometallic Eun Ln'4-n (L6 ) (n=0-4) tetrahedra was prepared. Selective formation of heterometallic tetrahedron was observed as MS deconvolution results deviated from statistical results. The formation of heterometallic tetrahedron was found to be sensitive to ionic radii as well as the ratio of the two helicates used in the crystallization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- King‐Him Yim
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug DiscoveryDepartment of Applied Biology and Chemical TechnologyThe Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom, KowloonHong Kong)China
| | - Chi‐Tung Yeung
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug DiscoveryDepartment of Applied Biology and Chemical TechnologyThe Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom, KowloonHong Kong)China
| | - Melody Yee‐Man Wong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug DiscoveryDepartment of Applied Biology and Chemical TechnologyThe Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom, KowloonHong Kong)China
| | - Michael R. Probert
- ChemistrySchool of Natural and Environmental SciencesNewcastle UniversityNewcastle Upon TyneNE1 7RUUK
| | - Ga‐Lai Law
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug DiscoveryDepartment of Applied Biology and Chemical TechnologyThe Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom, KowloonHong Kong)China
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research InstituteShenzhen518000P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abstract
Supramolecular metal–organic cages, a class of molecular containers formed via coordination-driven self-assembly, have attracted sustained attention for their applications in catalysis, due to their structural aesthetics and unique properties. Their inherent confined cavity is considered to be analogous to the binding pocket of enzymes, and the facile tunability of building blocks offers a diverse platform for enzyme mimics to promote organic reactions. This minireview covers the recent progress of supramolecular metal–organic coordination cages for boosting organic reactions as reaction vessels or catalysts. The developments in the utilizations of the metal–organic cages for accelerating the organic reactions, improving the selectivity of the reactions are summarized. In addition, recent developments and successes in tandem or cascade reactions promoted by supramolecular metal–organic cages are discussed.
Collapse
|
10
|
Li Z, Shen J, Jiang Q, Shen S, Zhou J, Zeng H. Directionally aligned crown ethers as superactive organocatalysts for transition metal ion-free arylation of unactivated arenes. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200303. [PMID: 35560810 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
When one-dimensionally aligned to the same side, multiple non-covalently associated crown ether groups could act as a whole to yield a higher catalytic activity than an individual poorly active crown ether group, delivering the lowest catalyst loading of 1 - 2 mol% among all hitherto known organocatalysts for catalyzing direct arylation of unactivated arenes with haloarenes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaojie Li
- Nanjing University, School of Medicine, CHINA
| | - Jie Shen
- Hainan University, Department of Chemistry, CHINA
| | - Qing Jiang
- Nanjing University, School of Medicine, CHINA
| | - Sheng Shen
- Nanjing University, School of Medicine, CHINA
| | - Jing Zhou
- Nanjing University, Medical School, 22 Hankou Road, 210093, Nanjing, CHINA
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Vatsadze SZ, Maximov AL, Bukhtiyarov VI. Supramolecular Effects and Systems in Catalysis. A Review. DOKLADY CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0012500822010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
12
|
Li WD, Wu Y, Li SJ, Jiang YQ, Li YL, Lan Y, Xia JB. Boryl Radical Activation of Benzylic C-OH Bond: Cross-Electrophile Coupling of Free Alcohols and CO 2 via Photoredox Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:8551-8559. [PMID: 35378034 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c12463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A new strategy for the direct cleavage of the C(sp3)-OH bond has been developed via activation of free alcohols with neutral diphenyl boryl radical generated from sodium tetraphenylborate under mild visible light photoredox conditions. This strategy has been verified by cross-electrophile coupling of free alcohols and carbon dioxide for the synthesis of carboxylic acids. Direct transformation of a range of primary, secondary, and tertiary benzyl alcohols to acids has been achieved. Control experiments and computational studies indicate that activation of alcohols with neutral boryl radical undergoes homolysis of the C(sp3)-OH bond, generating alkyl radicals. After reducing the alkyl radical into carbon anion under photoredox conditions, the following carboxylation with CO2 affords the coupling product.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Duo Li
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yang Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Shi-Jun Li
- College of Chemistry, and Institute of Green Catalysis, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Yi-Qian Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yan-Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yu Lan
- College of Chemistry, and Institute of Green Catalysis, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Ji-Bao Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yoshida T, Honda Y, Morofuji T, Kano N. N-Methylphenothiazine S-Oxide Enabled Oxidative C(sp 2)-C(sp 2) Coupling of Boronic Acids with Organolithiums via Phenothiaziniums. Org Lett 2021; 23:9664-9668. [PMID: 34878797 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c03986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report the development of a transition-metal-free oxidative C(sp2)-C(sp2) coupling of readily available boronic acids and organolithiums via phenothiazinium ions. Various biaryl, styrene, and diene derivatives were obtained using this reaction system. The key to this process is N-methylphenothiazine S-oxide (PTZSO), which allows efficient conversion of boronic acids to phenothiazinium ions. The mechanism of phenothiazinium formation using PTZSO was investigated using theoretical calculations and experiments, which provided insight into the unique reactivity of PTZSO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuki Yoshida
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Gakushuin University, 1-5-1 Mejiro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8588, Japan
| | - Yuki Honda
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Gakushuin University, 1-5-1 Mejiro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8588, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Morofuji
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Gakushuin University, 1-5-1 Mejiro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8588, Japan
| | - Naokazu Kano
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Gakushuin University, 1-5-1 Mejiro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8588, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hendi Z, Jamali S, Mahmoudi S, Samouei H, Nayeri S, Chabok SMJ, Jamshidi Z. Metal-Organic Cubane Cage with Trimethylplatinum(IV) Vertices. Inorg Chem 2021; 61:15-19. [PMID: 34890191 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Herein we describe the synthesis and characterization of the first platinum(IV) metal-organic cage [(Me3PtIV)8(byp)12](OTf)8 (2), in which the organometallic moieties trimethylplatinum(IV) (PtMe3) occupied the corners of a cubane structure and 4,4'-bipyridine ligands used as linkers. The first-principles density functional theory calculations showed that the highest occupied molecular orbitals were localized on the PtMe3 moieties, while the lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals were distributed on the organic linkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Hendi
- Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 11155, Iran
| | - Sirous Jamali
- Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 11155, Iran
| | - Soheil Mahmoudi
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Hamidreza Samouei
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, United States
| | - Sara Nayeri
- Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 11155, Iran
| | | | - Zahra Jamshidi
- Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 11155, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Norjmaa G, Maréchal JD, Ujaque G. Origin of the Rate Acceleration in the C-C Reductive Elimination from Pt(IV)-complex in a [Ga 4 L 6 ] 12- Supramolecular Metallocage. Chemistry 2021; 27:15973-15980. [PMID: 34545974 PMCID: PMC9293218 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The reductive elimination on [(Me3 P)2 Pt(MeOH)(CH3 )3 ]+ , 2P, complex performed in MeOH solution and inside a [Ga4 L6 ]12- metallocage are computationally analysed by mean of QM and MD simulations and compared with the mechanism of gold parent systems previously reported [Et3 PAu(MeOH)(CH3 )2 ]+ , 2Au. The comparative analysis between the encapsulated Au(III) and Pt(IV)-counterparts shows that there are no additional solvent MeOH molecules inside the cavity of the metallocage for both systems. The Gibbs energy barriers for the 2P reductive elimination calculated at DFT level are in good agreement with the experimental values for both environments. The effect of microsolvation and encapsulation on the rate acceleration are evaluated and shows that the latter is far more relevant, conversely to 2Au. Energy decomposition analysis indicates that the encapsulation is the main responsible for most of the energy barrier reduction. Microsolvation and encapsulation effects are not equally contributing for both metal systems and consequently, the reasons of the rate acceleration are not the same for both metallic systems despite the similarity between them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gantulga Norjmaa
- Departament de Química and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Cerdanyola del Valles, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jean-Didier Maréchal
- Departament de Química and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Cerdanyola del Valles, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Gregori Ujaque
- Departament de Química and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Cerdanyola del Valles, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Pachisia S, Gupta R. Supramolecular catalysis: the role of H-bonding interactions in substrate orientation and activation. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:14951-14966. [PMID: 34617524 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02131a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen bonding plays significant roles in various biological processes during substrate orientation and binding and therefore assists in assorted organic transformations. However, replicating the intricate selection of hydrogen bonds, as observed in nature, in synthetic complexes has met with only limited success. Despite this fact, recent times have seen the emergence of several notable examples where hydrogen bonds have been introduced in synthetic complexes. A few such examples have also illustrated the substantial role played by the hydrogen bonds in influencing and often controlling the catalytic outcome. This perspective presents selected examples illustrating the significance of hydrogen bonds offered by the coordination and the organometallic complexes that aid in providing the desired orientation to a substrate adjacent to a catalytic metal center and remarkably assisting in the catalysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanya Pachisia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi - 110007, India.
| | - Rajeev Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi - 110007, India.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Huang B, Mao L, Shi X, Yang HB. Recent advances and perspectives on supramolecular radical cages. Chem Sci 2021; 12:13648-13663. [PMID: 34760150 PMCID: PMC8549795 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc01618k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Supramolecular radical chemistry has been emerging as a cutting-edge interdisciplinary field of traditional supramolecular chemistry and radical chemistry in recent years. The purpose of such a fundamental research field is to combine traditional supramolecular chemistry and radical chemistry together, and take the benefit of both to eventually create new molecules and materials. Recently, supramolecular radical cages have been becoming one of the most frontier and challenging research focuses in the field of supramolecular chemistry. In this Perspective, we give a brief introduction to organic radical chemistry, supramolecular chemistry, and the emerging supramolecular radical chemistry along with their history and application. Subsequently, we turn to the main part of this topic: supramolecular radical cages. The design and synthesis of supramolecular cages consisting of redox-active building blocks and radical centres are summarized. The host-guest interactions between supramolecular (radical) cages and organic radicals are also surveyed. Some interesting properties and applications of supramolecular radical cages such as their unique spin-spin interactions and intriguing confinement effects in radical-mediated/catalyzed reactions are comprehensively discussed and highlighted in the main text. The purpose of this Perspective is to help students and researchers understand the development of supramolecular radical cages, and potentially to stimulate innovation and creativity and infuse new energy into the fields of traditional supramolecular chemistry and radical chemistry as well as supramolecular radical chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University 3663 N. Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 P. R. China
| | - Lijun Mao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University 3663 N. Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 P. R. China
| | - Xueliang Shi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University 3663 N. Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 P. R. China
| | - Hai-Bo Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University 3663 N. Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sacristán-Martín A, Barbero H, Ferrero S, Miguel D, García-Rodríguez R, Álvarez CM. ON/OFF metal-triggered molecular tweezers for fullerene recognition. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:11013-11016. [PMID: 34570131 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc03451k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report molecular tweezers for fullerene recognition based on 2,2'-bipyridine-bearing corannulene motifs. The syn or anti confirmation can be selected simply by Cu(I) coordination/decoordination, thus controlling the fullerene recognition capability of the system on demand and leading to the formation of effective metal-triggered ON/OFF molecular tweezers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Sacristán-Martín
- GIR MIOMeT, IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, E47011, Spain.
| | - Héctor Barbero
- GIR MIOMeT, IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, E47011, Spain.
| | - Sergio Ferrero
- GIR MIOMeT, IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, E47011, Spain.
| | - Daniel Miguel
- GIR MIOMeT, IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, E47011, Spain.
| | - Raúl García-Rodríguez
- GIR MIOMeT, IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, E47011, Spain.
| | - Celedonio M Álvarez
- GIR MIOMeT, IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, E47011, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Music A, Nuber CM, Lemke Y, Spieß P, Didier D. Electro-alkynylation: Intramolecular Rearrangement of Trialkynylorganoborates for Chemoselective C(sp 2)-C(sp) Bond Formation. Org Lett 2021; 23:4179-4184. [PMID: 34004116 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An alternative and complementary transformation for the synthesis of aryl- and heteroaryl-substituted alkynes is presented that relies on a chemoselective electrocoupling process. Tetraorganoborate substrates were logically designed and simply accessed by transmetalations using readily or commercially available organotrifluoroborate salts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arif Music
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Constantin M Nuber
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Yannick Lemke
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Philipp Spieß
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Dorian Didier
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Jiao T, Qu H, Tong L, Cao X, Li H. A Self‐Assembled Homochiral Radical Cage with Paramagnetic Behaviors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202100655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Jiao
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China
| | - Hang Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces iChEM and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Lu Tong
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces iChEM and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Jiao T, Qu H, Tong L, Cao X, Li H. A Self-Assembled Homochiral Radical Cage with Paramagnetic Behaviors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:9852-9858. [PMID: 33651476 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202100655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Condensation of an inherently C3 -symmetric polychlorotriphenylmethyl (PTM) radical trisaldehyde with tris(2-aminoethyl)amine (TREN) yields a [4+4] tetrahedral radical cage as a racemic pair of homochiral enantiomers in 75 % isolated yield. The structure was characterized by X-ray crystallography, confirming the homochirality of each cage framework. The homochirality results from intramolecular [CH⋅⋅⋅π] and hydrogen-bonding interactions within the cage framework. The four PTM radicals in a cage undergo weak through-space coupling. Magnetic measurements demonstrated that each cage bears 3.58 spins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Jiao
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Hang Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Lu Tong
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Music A, Baumann AN, Boser F, Müller N, Matz F, Jagau TC, Didier D. Photocatalyzed Transition-Metal-Free Oxidative Cross-Coupling Reactions of Tetraorganoborates*. Chemistry 2021; 27:4322-4326. [PMID: 33306228 PMCID: PMC7986674 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202005282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Readily accessible tetraorganoborate salts undergo selective coupling reactions under blue light irradiation in the presence of catalytic amounts of transition‐metal‐free acridinium photocatalysts to furnish unsymmetrical biaryls, heterobiaryls and arylated olefins. This represents an interesting conceptual approach to forge C−C bonds between aryl, heteroaryl and alkenyl groups under smooth photochemical conditions. Computational studies were conducted to investigate the mechanism of the transformation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arif Music
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas N Baumann
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Florian Boser
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Nicolas Müller
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Florian Matz
- Quantum Chemistry and Physical Chemistry Section, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200f, box 2404, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thomas C Jagau
- Quantum Chemistry and Physical Chemistry Section, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200f, box 2404, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dorian Didier
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Scott AJ, Vallejo J, Sarkar A, Smythe L, Regincós Martí E, Nichol GS, Klooster WT, Coles SJ, Murrie M, Rajaraman G, Piligkos S, Lusby PJ, Brechin EK. Exploiting host-guest chemistry to manipulate magnetic interactions in metallosupramolecular M 4L 6 tetrahedral cages. Chem Sci 2021; 12:5134-5142. [PMID: 34168772 PMCID: PMC8179613 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc00647a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Reaction of Ni(OTf)2 with the bisbidentate quaterpyridine ligand L results in the self-assembly of a tetrahedral, paramagnetic cage [NiII4L6]8+. By selectively exchanging the bound triflate from [OTf⊂NiII4L6](OTf)7 (1), we have been able to prepare a series of host–guest complexes that feature an encapsulated paramagnetic tetrahalometallate ion inside this paramagnetic host giving [MIIX4⊂NiII4L6](OTf)6, where MIIX42− = MnCl42− (2), CoCl42− (5), CoBr42− (6), NiCl42− (7), and CuBr42− (8) or [MIIIX4⊂NiII4L6](OTf)7, where MIIIX4− = FeCl4− (3) and FeBr4− (4). Triflate-to-tetrahalometallate exchange occurs in solution and can also be accomplished through single-crystal-to-single-crystal transformations. Host–guest complexes 1–8 all crystallise as homochiral racemates in monoclinic space groups, wherein the four {NiN6} vertexes within a single Ni4L6 unit possess the same Δ or Λ stereochemistry. Magnetic susceptibility and magnetisation data show that the magnetic exchange between metal ions in the host [NiII4] complex, and between the host and the MX4n− guest, are of comparable magnitude and antiferromagnetic in nature. Theoretically derived values for the magnetic exchange are in close agreement with experiment, revealing that large spin densities on the electronegative X-atoms of particular MX4n− guest molecules lead to stronger host–guest magnetic exchange interactions. The tetrahedral [NiII4L6]8+ cage can reversibly bind paramagnetic MX41/2− guests, inducing magnetic exchange interactions between host and guest.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron J Scott
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH93FJ UK
| | - Julia Vallejo
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH93FJ UK
| | - Arup Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Lucy Smythe
- WestCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, University Avenue Glasgow G12 8QQ UK
| | - E Regincós Martí
- WestCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, University Avenue Glasgow G12 8QQ UK
| | - Gary S Nichol
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH93FJ UK
| | - Wim T Klooster
- UK National Crystallographic Service, Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Southampton England SO17 1BJ UK
| | - Simon J Coles
- UK National Crystallographic Service, Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Southampton England SO17 1BJ UK
| | - Mark Murrie
- WestCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, University Avenue Glasgow G12 8QQ UK
| | - Gopalan Rajaraman
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Stergios Piligkos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5 2100 Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Paul J Lusby
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH93FJ UK
| | - Euan K Brechin
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH93FJ UK
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Fang S, Li E, Zhu D, Wu G, Zhang Q, Lin C, Huang F, Li H. A water-soluble naphthalenediimide-containing hexacationic cage. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:6074-6077. [PMID: 34036999 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc02242c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
A water-soluble cage containing three naphthalenediimide (NDI) units was synthesized in a one-pot manner without chromatographic purification, during which six irreversible C-N bonds formed simultaneously via an SN2 reaction. The cage was observed to be capable of accommodating a variety π-electron rich guests in a peripheral manner in water. However, for linear guests including I3- and I2, the cage is able to form an inclusion complex. Besides, in the solid state, the cage can absorb vapor of I2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Fang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China.
| | - Errui Li
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China.
| | - Dingsheng Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China.
| | - Guangcheng Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China.
| | - Qinhao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China.
| | - Chuhao Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China.
| | - Feihe Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China.
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhang Y, Yang Q, Lu J, Guo M, Li XL, Tang J. Heterometallic {DyIII2FeII2} grids with slow magnetic relaxation and spin crossover. Inorg Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qi01471k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The self-assembly of a DyIII ion, an FeII ion and a multitopic H2L ligand produces novel [2 × 2] {DyIII2FeII2} grids exhibiting slow magnetic relaxation and spin crossover.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
- China
| | - Qianqian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
- China
| | - Jingjing Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
- China
| | - Mei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
- China
| | - Xiao-Lei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
- China
| | - Jinkui Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
- China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Plessius R, Deij V, Reek JNH, van der Vlugt JI. Redox-Active Supramolecular Heteroleptic M 4 L 2 L' 2 Assemblies with Tunable Interior Binding Site. Chemistry 2020; 26:13241-13248. [PMID: 32428350 PMCID: PMC7693204 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Three Pt4 L2 L'2 heteroleptic rectangles (1-3), containing ditopic redox-active bis-pyridine functionalized perylene bisimide (PBI) ligands PBI-pyr2 (L) are reported. Co-ligand L' is a dicarboxylate spacer of varying length, leading to modified overall size of the assemblies. 1 H NMR spectroscopy reveals a trend in the splitting and upfield chemical shift of the PBI-hydrogens in the rectangles with respect to free PBI, most pronounced with the largest strut length (3) and least with the smallest strut length (1). This is attributed to increased rotational freedom of the PBI-pyr2 ligand over its longitudinal axis (Npy -Npy ), due to increased distance between the PBI-surfaces, which is corroborated by VT-NMR measurements and DFT calculations. The intramolecular motion entails desymmetrization of the two PBI-ligands, in line with cyclic voltammetry (CV) data. The first (overall two-electron) reduction event and re-oxidation for 1 display a subtle peak-to-peak splitting of 60 mV, whilst increased splitting of this event is observed for 2 and 3. The binding of pyrene in 1 is probed to establish proof of concept of host-guest chemistry enabled by the two PBI-motifs. Fitting the binding curve obtained by 1 H NMR titration with a 1:1 complex formation model led to a binding constant of 964±55 m-1 . Pyrene binding is shown to directly influence the redox-chemistry of 1, resulting in a cathodic and anodic shift of approximately 46 mV on the first and second reduction event, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raoul Plessius
- van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS)University of Amsterdam (UvA)Science Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Vera Deij
- van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS)University of Amsterdam (UvA)Science Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Joost N. H. Reek
- van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS)University of Amsterdam (UvA)Science Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Jarl Ivar van der Vlugt
- van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS)University of Amsterdam (UvA)Science Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Current address: Institute of ChemistryCarl von Ossietzky University OldenburgCarl-von-Ossietzky-Strasse 9–1126129OldenburgGermany
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Gerleve C, Studer A. Transition-Metal-Free Oxidative Cross-Coupling of Tetraarylborates to Biaryls Using Organic Oxidants. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:15468-15473. [PMID: 32159264 PMCID: PMC7496537 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202002595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Readily prepared tetraarylborates undergo selective (cross)-coupling through oxidation with Bobbitt's salt to give symmetric and unsymmetric biaryls. The organic oxoammonium salt can be used either as a stoichiometric oxidant or as a catalyst in combination with in situ generated NO2 and molecular oxygen as the terminal oxidant. For selected cases, oxidative coupling is also possible with NO2 /O2 without any additional nitroxide-based cocatalyst. Transition-metal-free catalytic oxidative ligand cross-coupling of tetraarylborates is unprecedented and the introduced method provides access to various biaryl and heterobiaryl systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Gerleve
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätCorrensstraße 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Armido Studer
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätCorrensstraße 4048149MünsterGermany
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Gerleve C, Studer A. Übergangsmetallfreie oxidative Kreuzkupplung von Tetraarylboraten zu Biarylen mit organischen Oxidationsmitteln. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202002595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Gerleve
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Armido Studer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Norjmaa G, Maréchal J, Ujaque G. Reaction Rate Inside the Cavity of [Ga
4
L
6
]
12−
Supramolecular Metallocage is Regulated by the Encapsulated Solvent. Chemistry 2020; 26:6988-6992. [PMID: 32125031 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gantulga Norjmaa
- Departament de Química Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona 08193 Cerdanyola del Valles, Barcelona Catalonia, and Centro de Innovaciónen Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA Spain
| | - Jean‐Didier Maréchal
- Departament de Química Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona 08193 Cerdanyola del Valles, Barcelona Catalonia, and Centro de Innovaciónen Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA Spain
| | - Gregori Ujaque
- Departament de Química Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona 08193 Cerdanyola del Valles, Barcelona Catalonia, and Centro de Innovaciónen Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA Spain
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Harada K, Sekiya R, Haino T. A Regulable Internal Cavity inside a Resorcinarene-Based Hemicarcerand. Chemistry 2020; 26:5810-5817. [PMID: 32011768 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic capsules, such as carcerands and hemicarcerands, are an interesting class of molecular hosts. These container molecules have confined spaces capable of hosting small molecules, although the fact that the size of the inner cavities cannot be changed substantially limits the scope of their applications. The title covalently linked container was produced by metal-directed dimerization of a resorcinarene-based cavitand having four 2,2'-bipyridyl arms on the wide rim followed by olefin metathesis at the vertices of the resulting capsule with a second-generation Grubbs catalyst. The covalently linked bipyridyl arms permit expansion of the inner cavity by demetalation. This structural change influences the molecular recognition properties; the metal-coordinated capsule recognizes only 4,4'-diacetoxybiphenyl, whereas the metal-free counterpart can encapsulate not only 4,4'-diacetoxybiphenyl, but also 2,5-disubstituted-1,4-bis(4-acetoxyphenylethynyl)benzene, which is 9.4 Å longer than the former guest. Molecular mechanics calculations predict that the capsule expands the internal cavity to encapsulate the long guest by unfolding the folded conformation of the alkyl chains, which demonstrates the flexible and regulable nature of the cavity. Guest competition experiments show that the preferred guest can be switched by metalation and demetalation. This external-stimuli-responsive guest exchange can be utilized for the development of functional supramolecular systems controlling the uptake, transport, and release of chemicals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Harada
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan
| | - Ryo Sekiya
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan
| | - Takeharu Haino
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Yao Y, Zhou Y, Zhu T, Gao T, Li H, Yan P. Eu(III) Tetrahedron Cage as a Luminescent Chemosensor for Rapidly Reversible and Turn-On Detection of Volatile Amine/NH 3. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:15338-15347. [PMID: 32148017 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b21425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Because of the involvement of the gas-solid diffusion, device fabrication, and the relatively complex photophysical process, the lanthanide complexes are rarely exploited as fluorescence sensors for volatile compound (VC) detection. Herein, we report the first example of a discrete 3D Ln-based architecture as a sensor for VCs. The designed Eu4L4 tetrahedral cage shows highly selective, rapidly reversible, and turn-on emissive responses toward volatile amines/NH3 in a spin-coated film. Through the comprehensive spectral characteristic and density functional theory calculation, an intermolecular weak nucleophilic interaction is proposed for this response mechanism. Combining this weak interactions with the permeability of the cage, the film presents subsecond to second timescales rapid response; combining the fitting electrophilic capability of the β-diketonate units to amine nitrogen with the tunable intramolecular charge-transfer feature, the cage shows excellent selectivity and turn-on emissive response. This work provides a new clue to develop the lanthanide complexes as luminescence probes for VCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
- Jiamusi College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Jiamusi 154007, China
| | - Yanyan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Tianyu Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Ting Gao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Hongfeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Pengfei Yan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Music A, Baumann AN, Spieß P, Plantefol A, Jagau TC, Didier D. Electrochemical Synthesis of Biaryls via Oxidative Intramolecular Coupling of Tetra(hetero)arylborates. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:4341-4348. [PMID: 32040918 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b12300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We report herein versatile, transition metal-free and additive-free (hetero)aryl-aryl coupling reactions promoted by the oxidative electrocoupling of unsymmetrical tetra(hetero)arylborates (TABs) prepared from ligand-exchange reactions on potassium trifluoroarylborates. Exploiting the power of electrochemical oxidations, this method complements the existing organoboron toolbox. We demonstrate the broad scope, scalability, and robustness of this unconventional catalyst-free transformation, leading to functionalized biaryls and ultimately furnishing drug-like small molecules, as well as late stage derivatization of natural compounds. In addition, the observed selectivity of the oxidative coupling reaction is related to the electronic structure of the TABs through quantum-chemical calculations and experimental investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arif Music
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Department Chemie, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Andreas N Baumann
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Department Chemie, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Philipp Spieß
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Department Chemie, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Allan Plantefol
- Sorbonne University, Campus Pierre and Marie Curie, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Thomas C Jagau
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Department Chemie, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Dorian Didier
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Department Chemie, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Shi Q, Zhou X, Yuan W, Su X, Neniškis A, Wei X, Taujenis L, Snarskis G, Ward JS, Rissanen K, de Mendoza J, Orentas E. Selective Formation of S4- and T-Symmetric Supramolecular Tetrahedral Cages and Helicates in Polar Media Assembled via Cooperative Action of Coordination and Hydrogen Bonds. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:3658-3670. [PMID: 31983204 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c00722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We report on the synthesis and self-assembly study of novel supramolecular monomers encompassing quadruple hydrogen-bonding motifs and metal-coordinating 2,2'-bipyridine units. When mixed with metal ions such as Fe2+ or Zn2+, the tetrahedron cage complexes are formed in quantitative yields and full diastereoselectivity, even in highly polar acetonitrile or methanol solvents. The symmetry of the complexes obtained has been shown to depend critically on the flexibility of the ligand. Restriction of the rotation of the hydrogen-bonding unit with respect to the metal-coordinating site results in a T-symmetric cage, whereas introducing flexibility either through a methylene linker or rotating benzene ring allows the formation of S4-symmetric cages with self-filled interior. In addition, the possibility to select between tetrahedral cages or helicates and to control the dimensions of the aggregate has been demonstrated with a three-component assembly using external hydrogen-bonding molecular inserts or by varying the radius of the metal ion (Hg2+ vs Fe2+). Self-sorting studies of individual Fe2+ complexes with ligands of different sizes revealed their inertness toward ligand scrambling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qixun Shi
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211816 , China.,State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024 , China
| | - Xiaohong Zhou
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211816 , China
| | - Wei Yuan
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211816 , China
| | - Xiaoshi Su
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211816 , China
| | - Algirdas Neniškis
- Department of Organic Chemistry , Vilnius University , Naugarduko 24 , LT-03225 Vilnius , Lithuania
| | - Xin Wei
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211816 , China
| | - Lukas Taujenis
- Thermo Fisher Scientific Baltics , V. A. Graičiu̅no 8, LT-02241 Vilnius , Lithuania
| | - Gustautas Snarskis
- Department of Organic Chemistry , Vilnius University , Naugarduko 24 , LT-03225 Vilnius , Lithuania
| | - Jas S Ward
- Department of Chemistry , University of Jyvaskyla , P.O. Box 35 , 40014 Jyväskylä , Finland
| | - Kari Rissanen
- Department of Chemistry , University of Jyvaskyla , P.O. Box 35 , 40014 Jyväskylä , Finland
| | - Javier de Mendoza
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ) , AV. Països Catalans, 16 , 43007 Tarragona , Spain
| | - Edvinas Orentas
- Department of Organic Chemistry , Vilnius University , Naugarduko 24 , LT-03225 Vilnius , Lithuania
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Spicer RL, Stergiou AD, Young TA, Duarte F, Symes MD, Lusby PJ. Host–Guest-Induced Electron Transfer Triggers Radical-Cation Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:2134-2139. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b11273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L. Spicer
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, U.K
| | - Athanasios D. Stergiou
- WestCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K
| | - Tom A. Young
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Fernanda Duarte
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Mark D. Symes
- WestCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K
| | - Paul J. Lusby
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Lu Z, Ronson TK, Nitschke JR. Reversible reduction drives anion ejection and C 60 binding within an Fe II 4L 6 cage. Chem Sci 2019; 11:1097-1101. [PMID: 34084365 PMCID: PMC8146419 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc05728e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
FeII4L6 tetrahedral cage 1 was prepared from a redox-active dicationic naphthalenediimide (NDI) ligand. The +20 charge of the cage makes it a good host for anionic guests, with no binding observed for neutral aromatic molecules. Following reduction by Cp2Co, the cage released anionic guests; subsequent oxidation by AgNTf2 led to re-uptake of anions. In its reduced form, however, 1 was observed to bind neutral C60. The fullerene guest was subsequently ejected following cage re-oxidation. The guest release process was found to be facilitated by anion-mediated transport from organic to aqueous solution. Cage 1 thus employs electron transfer as a stimulus to control the uptake and release of both neutral and charged guests, through distinct pathways. FeII4L6 cage 1 binds anionic guests but not neutral guests. In its reduced form, the cage can bind neutral C60. Reduction and oxidation of the cage could thus be used as a stimulus to control the uptake and release of both neutral and charged guests.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenpin Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Tanya K Ronson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Jonathan R Nitschke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Zhu Z, Lin Y, Yu H, Li X, Zheng S. Inorganic–Organic Hybrid Polyoxoniobates: Polyoxoniobate Metal Complex Cage and Cage Framework. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201910477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zeng‐Kui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and EnvironmentCollege of ChemistryFuzhou University Fuzhou Fujian 350108 China
| | - Ya‐Yun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and EnvironmentCollege of ChemistryFuzhou University Fuzhou Fujian 350108 China
| | - Hao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and EnvironmentCollege of ChemistryFuzhou University Fuzhou Fujian 350108 China
| | - Xin‐Xiong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and EnvironmentCollege of ChemistryFuzhou University Fuzhou Fujian 350108 China
| | - Shou‐Tian Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and EnvironmentCollege of ChemistryFuzhou University Fuzhou Fujian 350108 China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Zhu ZK, Lin YY, Yu H, Li XX, Zheng ST. Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Polyoxoniobates: Polyoxoniobate Metal Complex Cage and Cage Framework. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:16864-16868. [PMID: 31613421 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201910477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The combination of polyoxoniobates (PONbs) with 3d metal ions, azoles, and organoamines is a general synthetic procedure for making unprecedented PONb metal complex cage materials, including discrete molecular cages and extended cage frameworks. By this method, the first two PONb metal complex cages K4 @{[Cu29 (OH)7 (H2 O)2 (en)8 (trz)21 ][Nb24 O67 (OH)2 (H2 O)3 ]4 } and [Cu(en)2 ]@{[Cu2 (en)2 (trz)2 ]6 (Nb68 O188 )} have been made. The former exhibits a huge tetrahedral cage with more than 120 metal centers, which is the largest inorganic-organic hybrid PONb known to date. The later shows a large cubic cage, which can act as building blocks for cage-based extended assembly to form a 3D cage framework {[Cu(en)2 ]@{[Cu2 (trz)2 (en)2 ]6 [H10 Nb68 O188 ]}}. These materials exhibit visible-light-driven photocatalytic H2 evolution activity and high vapor adsorption capacity. The results hold promise for developing both novel cage materials and largely unexplored inorganic-organic hybrid PONb chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeng-Kui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Ya-Yun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Hao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Xin-Xiong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Shou-Tian Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
| |
Collapse
|