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Panda MS, Qazi B, Vishwakarma V, Pattnaik GP, Haldar S, Chakraborty H. Developing peptide-based fusion inhibitors as an antiviral strategy utilizing coronin 1 as a template. RSC Med Chem 2024:d4md00523f. [PMID: 39399312 PMCID: PMC11467784 DOI: 10.1039/d4md00523f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 09/28/2024] [Indexed: 10/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Enveloped viruses enter the host cells by endocytosis and subsequently fuse with the endosomal membranes, or fuse with the plasma membrane at the cell surface. The crucial stage of viral infection, regardless of the route taken to enter the host cell, is membrane fusion. The present work aims to develop a peptide-based fusion inhibitor that prevents membrane fusion by modifying the properties of the participating membranes, without targeting a protein. This would allow us to develop a fusion inhibitor that might work against a larger spectrum of enveloped viruses as it does not target any specific viral fusion protein. With this goal in mind, we have designed a novel peptide by modifying a native sequence derived from coronin 1, a phagosomal protein, that helps to avoid lysosomal degradation of mycobacterium-loaded phagosomes. The designed peptide, mTG-23, inhibits ∼30-40% fusion between small unilamellar vesicles containing varying amounts of cholesterol by modulating the biophysical properties of the participating bilayers. As a proof of principle, we have further demonstrated that the mTG-23 inhibits Influenza A virus infection in A549 and MDCK cells (with ∼EC50 of 20.45 μM and 21.55 μM, respectively), where viral envelope and endosomal membrane fusion is a crucial step. Through a gamut of biophysical and biochemical methods, we surmise that mTG-23 inhibits viral infection by inhibiting viral envelope and endosomal membrane fusion. We envisage that the proposed antiviral strategy can be extended to other viruses that employ a similar modus operandi, providing a novel pan-antiviral approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manbit Subhadarsi Panda
- School of Chemistry, Sambalpur University Jyoti Vihar Burla Odisha 768 019 India +91 800 871 6419
| | - Bushra Qazi
- Division of Virus Research and Therapeutics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow Uttar Pradesh 226031 India +91 858 287 0349
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research Ghaziabad Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Vaishali Vishwakarma
- Division of Virus Research and Therapeutics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow Uttar Pradesh 226031 India +91 858 287 0349
| | - Gourab Prasad Pattnaik
- School of Chemistry, Sambalpur University Jyoti Vihar Burla Odisha 768 019 India +91 800 871 6419
| | - Sourav Haldar
- Division of Virus Research and Therapeutics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow Uttar Pradesh 226031 India +91 858 287 0349
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research Ghaziabad Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Hirak Chakraborty
- School of Chemistry, Sambalpur University Jyoti Vihar Burla Odisha 768 019 India +91 800 871 6419
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2
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Pandia S, Chakraborty H. Strategic Design of Tryptophan-Aspartic Acid-Containing Peptide Inhibitors Using Coronin 1 as a Template: Inhibition of Fusion by Enhancing Acyl Chain Order. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:9163-9171. [PMID: 39268813 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.4c03853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
Enveloped viruses enter the host cell by fusing at the cell membrane or entering the cell via endocytosis and fusing at the endosome. Conventional inhibitors target the viral fusion protein to inactivate it for inducing fusion. These target-specific vis-à-vis virus-specific inhibitors fail to display their inhibitory efficacy against emerging and remerging viral infections. This necessitates the need to develop broad-spectrum entry inhibitors that are effective irrespective of the virus. Using a broad range of targeting techniques, the fusion inhibitors can modify the physical characteristics of the viral membrane, making it less prone to fusion. We have previously shown that two tryptophan-aspartic acid (WD)-containing hydrophobic peptides, TG-23 and GG-21, from coronin 1, a phagosomal protein, inhibit membrane fusion by modulating membrane organization and dynamics. In the present work, we designed two WD-containing hydrophilic peptides, QG-22 and AG-22, using coronin 1 as a template and evaluated their fusion inhibitory efficacies in the absence and presence of membrane cholesterol. Our results demonstrate that QG-22 and AG-22 inhibit membrane fusion irrespective of the concentration of membrane cholesterol. Our measurements of depth-dependent membrane organization and dynamics reveal that they impede fusion by enhancing the acyl chain order. Overall, our results validate the hypothesis of designing fusion inhibitors by modulating the membrane's physical properties. In addition, it demonstrates that chain hydrophobicity might not be a critical determinant for the development of peptide-based fusion inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swaratmika Pandia
- School of Chemistry, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar, Burla, Odisha 768 019, India
| | - Hirak Chakraborty
- School of Chemistry, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar, Burla, Odisha 768 019, India
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3
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Ostroumova OS, Efimova SS. Lipid-Centric Approaches in Combating Infectious Diseases: Antibacterials, Antifungals and Antivirals with Lipid-Associated Mechanisms of Action. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1716. [PMID: 38136750 PMCID: PMC10741038 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12121716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the global challenges of the 21st century is the increase in mortality from infectious diseases against the backdrop of the spread of antibiotic-resistant pathogenic microorganisms. In this regard, it is worth targeting antibacterials towards the membranes of pathogens that are quite conservative and not amenable to elimination. This review is an attempt to critically analyze the possibilities of targeting antimicrobial agents towards enzymes involved in pathogen lipid biosynthesis or towards bacterial, fungal, and viral lipid membranes, to increase the permeability via pore formation and to modulate the membranes' properties in a manner that makes them incompatible with the pathogen's life cycle. This review discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each approach in the search for highly effective but nontoxic antimicrobial agents. Examples of compounds with a proven molecular mechanism of action are presented, and the types of the most promising pharmacophores for further research and the improvement of the characteristics of antibiotics are discussed. The strategies that pathogens use for survival in terms of modulating the lipid composition and physical properties of the membrane, achieving a balance between resistance to antibiotics and the ability to facilitate all necessary transport and signaling processes, are also considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga S. Ostroumova
- Laboratory of Membrane and Ion Channel Modeling, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia;
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Hazra B, Prasad M, Das S, Mandal R, Sardar A, Dewangan N, Tarafdar PK. Phosphate-Based Amphiphile and Lipidated Lysine Assemble into Superior Protocellular Membranes over Carboxylate and Sulfate-Based Systems: A Potential Missing Link between Prebiotic and the Modern Era? LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:17031-17042. [PMID: 37984966 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Amphiphiles are among the most extensively studied building blocks that self-assemble into cell-like compartments. Most literature suggested that the building blocks/amphiphiles of early Earth (fatty acid-based membrane) were much simpler than today's phospholipids. To establish the bridge between the prebiotic fatty acid era and the modern phospholipid era, the investigation and characterization of alternate building blocks that form protocellular membranes are necessary. Herein, we report the potential prebiotic synthesis of alkyl phosphate, alkyl carboxylate, and alkyl sulfate amphiphiles (anionic) using dry-down reactions and demonstrate a more general role of cationic amino acid-based amphiphiles to recruit the anionic amphiphiles via ion-pair, hydrogen bonding, and hydrophobic interactions. The formation and self-assembly of the catanionic (mixed) amphiphilic system to vesicular morphology were characterized by turbidimetric, dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy, and glucose encapsulation experiments. Further experiments suggest that the phosphate-based vesicles were more stable than the alkyl sulfate and alkyl carboxylate-based systems. Moreover, the alkyl phosphate system can form vesicles at prebiotically relevant acidic pH (5.0), while alkyl carboxylate mainly forms cluster-type aggregates. An extended supramolecular polymer-type network formation via H-bonding and ion-pair interactions might order the membrane interface and stabilize the phosphate-based vesicles. The results suggest that phosphate-based amphiphiles might be a superior successor to fatty acids as early compartment building blocks. The work highlights the importance of previously unexplored building blocks that participate in protocellular membrane formation to encapsulate important precursors required for the functions of early life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bibhas Hazra
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Nadia, Mohanpur 741246, West Bengal, India
| | - Mahesh Prasad
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Nadia, Mohanpur 741246, West Bengal, India
| | - Subrata Das
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Nadia, Mohanpur 741246, West Bengal, India
| | - Raki Mandal
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Nadia, Mohanpur 741246, West Bengal, India
| | - Avijit Sardar
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Nadia, Mohanpur 741246, West Bengal, India
| | - Nikesh Dewangan
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Nadia, Mohanpur 741246, West Bengal, India
| | - Pradip K Tarafdar
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Nadia, Mohanpur 741246, West Bengal, India
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5
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Khan A, Sardar A, Tarafdar PK, Mallick AI. Heterogeneity and Compositional Diversities of Campylobacter jejuni Outer Membrane Vesicles (OMVs) Drive Multiple Cellular Uptake Processes. ACS Infect Dis 2023; 9:2325-2339. [PMID: 37802046 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.3c00422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Naturally secreted outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) from gut microbes carry diverse cargo, including proteins, nucleic acids, toxins, and many unidentified secretory factors. Bacterial OMVs can shuttle molecules across different cell types as a generalized secretion system, facilitating bacterial pathogenicity and self-survival. Numerous mucosal pathogens, including Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni), share a mechanism of harmonized secretion of major virulence factors. Intriguingly, as a common gut pathogen, C. jejuni lacks some classical virulence-associated secretion systems; alternatively, it often employs nanosized lipid-bound OMVs as an intensive strategy to deliver toxins, including secretory proteins, into the target cells. To better understand how the biophysical and compositional attributes of natural OMVs of C. jejuni regulate their cellular interactions to induce a biologically relevant host response, we conducted an in-depth morphological and compositional analysis of naturally secreted OMVs of C. jejuni. Next, we focused on understanding the mechanism of host cell-specific OMVs uptake from the extracellular milieu. We showed that intracellular perfusion of OMVs is mediated by cytosolic as well as multiple endocytic uptake processes due to the heterogenic nature, abundance of surface proteins, and membrane phospholipids acquired from the source bacteria. Furthermore, we used human and avian cells as two different host targets to provide evidence of target cell-specific preferential uptake of OMVs. Together, the present study provides insight into the unique functionality of natural OMVs of C. jejuni at the cellular interface, upholding their potential for multimodal use as prophylactic and therapeutic carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afruja Khan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia 741246, West Bengal, India
| | - Avijit Sardar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia 741246, West Bengal, India
| | - Pradip K Tarafdar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia 741246, West Bengal, India
| | - Amirul I Mallick
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia 741246, West Bengal, India
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6
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Pilz M, Cavelius P, Qoura F, Awad D, Brück T. Lipopeptides development in cosmetics and pharmaceutical applications: A comprehensive review. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 67:108210. [PMID: 37460047 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Lipopeptides are surface active, natural products of bacteria, fungi and green-blue algae origin, having diverse structures and functionalities. In analogy, a number of chemical synthesis techniques generated new designer lipopeptides with desirable features and functions. Lipopetides are self-assembly guided, supramolecular compounds which have the capacity of high-density presentation of the functional epitopes at the surface of the nanostructures. This feature contributes to their successful application in several industry sectors, including food, feed, personal care, and pharmaceutics. In this comprehensive review, the novel class of ribosomally synthesized lipopeptides is introduced alongside the more commonly occuring non-ribosomal lipopeptides. We highlight key representatives of the most researched as well as recently described lipopeptide families, with emphasis on structural features, self-assembly and associated functions. The common biological, chemical and hybrid production routes of lipopeptides, including prominent analogues and derivatives are also discussed. Furthermore, genetic engineering strategies aimed at increasing lipopeptide yields, diversity and biological activity are summarized and exemplified. With respect to application, this work mainly details the potential of lipopeptides in personal care and cosmetics industry as cleansing agents, moisturizer, anti-aging/anti-wrinkling, skin whitening and preservative agents as well as the pharmaceutical industry as anitimicrobial agents, vaccines, immunotherapy, and cancer drugs. Given that this review addresses human applications, we conclude on the topic of safety of lipopeptide formulations and their sustainable production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melania Pilz
- Werner Siemens-Chair of Synthetic Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Philipp Cavelius
- Werner Siemens-Chair of Synthetic Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Farah Qoura
- Werner Siemens-Chair of Synthetic Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Dania Awad
- Werner Siemens-Chair of Synthetic Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Thomas Brück
- Werner Siemens-Chair of Synthetic Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 85748 Garching, Germany.
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7
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Mishra S, Chakraborty H. Phosphatidylethanolamine and Cholesterol Promote Hemifusion Formation: A Tug of War between Membrane Interfacial Order and Intrinsic Negative Curvature of Lipids. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:7721-7729. [PMID: 37644708 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c04489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Membrane fusion is an important process for the survival of eukaryotes. The shape of lipids plays an important role in fusion by stabilizing nonlamellar fusion intermediates. Lipids with intrinsic positive curvature such as lysophosphatidylcholine and others inhibit hemifusion formation, whereas lipids having intrinsic negative curvature, e.g., phosphatidylethanolamine and cholesterol (CH), are known to promote hemifusion formation. In this work, we have measured the effect of dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE) and CH on the depth-dependent organization, dynamics, and fusion of dioleoylphosphatidylcholine membranes. Both DOPE and CH promote hemifusion formation despite their ability to order the interfacial and acyl chain region of the membrane and block water percolation at these regions. Generally, membrane ordering and inhibition of water percolation at the acyl chain region are detrimental to membrane fusion. This clearly emphasizes the importance of intrinsic negative curvature of lipids in membrane fusion. Interestingly, DOPE and CH show differential effects on the rate of hemifusion formation, which might be owing to their ability to induce order at the interfacial region and intrinsic negative curvature. Overall, our result is significant in understanding the role of lipidic shape in membrane fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smruti Mishra
- School of Chemistry, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar, Burla 768 019, Odisha, India
| | - Hirak Chakraborty
- School of Chemistry, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar, Burla 768 019, Odisha, India
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8
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Shekunov EV, Zlodeeva PD, Efimova SS, Muryleva AA, Zarubaev VV, Slita AV, Ostroumova OS. Cyclic lipopeptides as membrane fusion inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2: New tricks for old dogs. Antiviral Res 2023; 212:105575. [PMID: 36868316 PMCID: PMC9977712 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2023.105575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
With the resurgence of the coronavirus pandemic, the repositioning of FDA-approved drugs against coronovirus and finding alternative strategies for antiviral therapy are both important. We previously identified the viral lipid envelope as a potential target for the prevention and treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection with plant alkaloids (Shekunov et al., 2021). Here, we investigated the effects of eleven cyclic lipopeptides (CLPs), including well-known antifungal and antibacterial compounds, on the liposome fusion triggered by calcium, polyethylene glycol 8000, and a fragment of SARS-CoV-2 fusion peptide (816-827) by calcein release assays. Differential scanning microcalorimetry of the gel-to-liquid-crystalline and lamellar-to-inverted hexagonal phase transitions and confocal fluorescence microscopy demonstrated the relation of the fusion inhibitory effects of CLPs to alterations in lipid packing, membrane curvature stress and domain organization. The antiviral effects of CLPs were evaluated in an in vitro Vero-based cell model, and aculeacin A, anidulafugin, iturin A, and mycosubtilin attenuated the cytopathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 without specific toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egor V Shekunov
- Institute of Cytology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky 4, 194064, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Polina D Zlodeeva
- Institute of Cytology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky 4, 194064, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Svetlana S Efimova
- Institute of Cytology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky 4, 194064, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anna A Muryleva
- Institute of Cytology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky 4, 194064, Saint Petersburg, Russia; Saint-Petersburg Pasteur Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Mira 14, 197101, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Vladimir V Zarubaev
- Saint-Petersburg Pasteur Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Mira 14, 197101, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexander V Slita
- Saint-Petersburg Pasteur Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Mira 14, 197101, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Olga S Ostroumova
- Institute of Cytology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky 4, 194064, Saint Petersburg, Russia.
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9
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Freitas ED, Bataglioli RA, Oshodi J, Beppu MM. Antimicrobial peptides and their potential application in antiviral coating agents. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 217:112693. [PMID: 35853393 PMCID: PMC9262651 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus pandemic has evidenced the importance of creating bioactive materials to mitigate viral infections, especially in healthcare settings and public places. Advances in antiviral coatings have led to materials with impressive antiviral performance; however, their application may face health and environmental challenges. Bio-inspired antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are suitable building blocks for antimicrobial coatings due to their versatile design, scalability, and environmentally friendly features. This review presents the advances and opportunities on the AMPs to create virucidal coatings. The review first describes the fundamental characteristics of peptide structure and synthesis, highlighting the recent findings on AMPs and the role of peptide structure (α-helix, β-sheet, random, and cyclic peptides) on the virucidal mechanism. The following section presents the advances in AMPs coating on medical devices with a detailed description of the materials coated and the targeted pathogens. The use of peptides in vaccine formulations is also reported, emphasizing the molecular interaction of peptides with different viruses and the current clinical stage of each formulation. The role of several materials (metallic particles, inorganic materials, and synthetic polymers) in the design of antiviral coatings is also presented, discussing the advantages and the drawbacks of each material. The final section offers future directions and opportunities for using AMPs on antiviral coatings to prevent viral outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuelle D Freitas
- School of Chemical Engineering, Department of Materials and Bioprocess Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-852, Brazil
| | - Rogério A Bataglioli
- School of Chemical Engineering, Department of Materials and Bioprocess Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-852, Brazil
| | - Josephine Oshodi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Marisa M Beppu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Department of Materials and Bioprocess Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-852, Brazil.
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10
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Sardar A, Dewangan N, Panda B, Bhowmick D, Tarafdar PK. Lipid and Lipidation in Membrane Fusion. J Membr Biol 2022; 255:691-703. [PMID: 36102950 PMCID: PMC9472184 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-022-00267-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Membrane fusion plays a lead role in the transport of vesicles, neurotransmission, mitochondrial dynamics, and viral infection. There are fusion proteins that catalyze and regulate the fusion. Interestingly, various types of fusion proteins are present in nature and they possess diverse mechanisms of action. We have highlighted the importance of the functional domains of intracellular heterotypic fusion, homotypic endoplasmic reticulum (ER), homotypic mitochondrial, and type-I viral fusion. During intracellular heterotypic fusion, the SNAREs and four-helix bundle formation are prevalent. Type-I viral fusion is controlled by the membrane destabilizing properties of fusion peptide and six-helix bundle formation. The ER/mitochondrial homotypic fusion is controlled by GTPase activity and the membrane destabilization properties of the amphipathic helix(s). Although the mechanism of action of these fusion proteins is diverse, they have some similarities. In all cases, the lipid composition of the membrane greatly affects membrane fusion. Next, examples of lipidation of the fusion proteins were discussed. We suggest that the fatty acyl hydrophobic tail not only acts as an anchor but may also modulate the energetics of membrane fusion intermediates. Lipidation is also important to design more effective peptide-based fusion inhibitors. Together, we have shown that membrane lipid composition and lipidation are important to modulate membrane fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avijit Sardar
- grid.417960.d0000 0004 0614 7855Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Nadia, Mohanpur, West Bengal 741246 India
| | - Nikesh Dewangan
- grid.417960.d0000 0004 0614 7855Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Nadia, Mohanpur, West Bengal 741246 India
| | - Bishvanwesha Panda
- grid.417960.d0000 0004 0614 7855Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Nadia, Mohanpur, West Bengal 741246 India
| | - Debosmita Bhowmick
- grid.417960.d0000 0004 0614 7855Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Nadia, Mohanpur, West Bengal 741246 India
| | - Pradip K. Tarafdar
- grid.417960.d0000 0004 0614 7855Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Nadia, Mohanpur, West Bengal 741246 India
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11
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Joardar A, Pattnaik GP, Chakraborty H. Effect of Phosphatidylethanolamine and Oleic Acid on Membrane Fusion: Phosphatidylethanolamine Circumvents the Classical Stalk Model. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:13192-13202. [PMID: 34839659 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c08044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Membrane fusion is one of the most important processes for the survival of eukaryotic cells and entry of enveloped viruses to the host cells. Lipid composition plays a crucial role in the process by modulating the organization and dynamics of the membrane, as well as the structure and conformation of membrane proteins. Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), a lipid molecule with intrinsic negative curvature, promotes membrane fusion by stabilizing the non-lamellar intermediate structures in the fusion process. Conversely, oleic acid (OA), with intrinsic positive curvature, inhibits membrane fusion. The current study aimed to investigate polyethylene glycol-mediated lipid mixing, content mixing, content leakage, and depth-dependent membrane organization and dynamics, using arrays of steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence techniques, to determine the causative role of PE and OA in membrane fusion. The results demonstrated that the presence of 30 mol % PE in the membrane promotes membrane fusion through a mechanism that circumvents the classical stalk model. On the contrary, membranes containing OA showed reduced rate and extent of fusion, despite following the same mechanism. Collectively, our findings in terms of membrane organization and dynamics indicated a plausible role of PE and OA in membrane fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Joardar
- School of Chemistry, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar, Burla, Odisha 768 019, India
| | | | - Hirak Chakraborty
- School of Chemistry, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar, Burla, Odisha 768 019, India
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12
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Plant Alkaloids Inhibit Membrane Fusion Mediated by Calcium and Fragments of MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV/SARS-CoV-2 Fusion Peptides. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9101434. [PMID: 34680551 PMCID: PMC8533497 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9101434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
To rationalize the antiviral actions of plant alkaloids, the ability of 20 compounds to inhibit calcium-mediated fusion of lipid vesicles composed of phosphatidylglycerol and cholesterol was investigated using the calcein release assay and dynamic light scattering. Piperine, tabersonine, hordenine, lupinine, quinine, and 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine demonstrated the most potent effects (inhibition index greater than 50%). The introduction of phosphatidylcholine into the phosphatidylglycerol/cholesterol mixture led to significant changes in quinine, hordenine, and 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine efficiency. Comparison of the fusion inhibitory ability of the tested alkaloids, and the results of the measurements of alkaloid-induced alterations in the physical properties of model membranes indicated a potent relationship between a decrease in the cooperativity of the phase transition of lipids and the ability of alkaloids to prevent calcium-mediated vesicle fusion. In order to use this knowledge to combat the novel coronavirus pandemic, the ability of the most effective compounds to suppress membrane fusion induced by fragments of MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV/SARS-CoV-2 fusion peptides was studied using the calcein release assay and confocal fluorescence microscopy. Piperine was shown to inhibit vesicle fusion mediated by both coronavirus peptides. Moreover, piperine was shown to significantly reduce the titer of SARS-CoV2 progeny in vitro in Vero cells when used in non-toxic concentrations.
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13
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Tu W, Xue K, Lou S, Zhu C, Yu Z. Self-assembly of virulent amyloid-derived peptides into nanoantibacterials. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:9864-9872. [PMID: 34037034 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr01622a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Current strategies for the design of antibacterial peptides show limitations in the development of assembled antibacterial peptides due to the challenges in simultaneously balancing the antibacterial activity and assembling behavior. Herein, we report on one strategy for the design of antibacterial peptides derived from virulent amyloids and investigate their self-assembly into nanostructures with remarkable antibacterial activity. The peptides were either directly truncated from virulent amyloid peptide PSM α3 or mutated from the original sequence by replacing the lysine and phenylalanine residues with arginine or tryptophan, leading to three undecapeptides. Conformational and morphological results indicated the formation of nanotubes and twisted nanoribbons by the truncated peptide and the mutated peptide, respectively, predominately driven by anti-parallel β-sheets. Bacterial culturing experiments revealed that the two mutated peptides possessed remarkable antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria by disrupting the bacterial membrane at a concentration above their critical aggregation concentrations, thus leading to two nanoantibacterials. Our findings demonstrate that biomimetic peptides originated from virulent amyloids exhibit great potential in the development of assembled antibacterial peptides, thus providing a new strategy for simultaneously addressing the antibacterial activity and pharmacokinetics of natural antibacterial peptides in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlu Tu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Weijin Road 94, Tianjin 300071, China.
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