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Bajantri B, Danial S, Duncalf R, Khaja M. Rare complicated parapneumonic effusion, Mycoplasma pneumoniae with new-onset lupus flare: Case report and literature review. Respir Med Case Rep 2017; 22:287-291. [PMID: 29124008 PMCID: PMC5671404 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmcr.2017.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycoplasma pneumoniae has been associated with respiratory tract infections. Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia–related pleural effusion is rarely reported. Extra-pulmonary abnormalities such as encephalitis, myocarditis, glomerulonephritis, and myringitis have been reported. However pulmonary manifestations in systemic lupus erythematosus include pneumonitis, pleurisy, interstitial lung disease, and thromboembolic disease. We present the case of a 26-year-old male who came for evaluation of fever, cough, and shortness of breath with right-sided chest pain. He was found to have right-side loculated complicated parapneumonic effusion and underwent drainage with a pleural catheter followed by fibrinolytic therapy. He was then found to have new-onset systemic lupus erythematosus concomitant with Mycoplasma pneumonia, leading to lupus flare and lupus nephritis. He responded well to levofloxacin, steroids, hydroxychloroquine, and mycophenolate, with complete resolution of loculated pleural effusion and symptom improvement. Our case describes the rare combination of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia, parapneumonic pleural effusion, and lupus flare with lupus nephritis. Early identification and treatment can lead to better out come in young patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Bajantri
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Bronx Lebanon Hospital Center, Affiliated with Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1650 Grand Concourse, Bronx, NY 10457, USA
| | - Shaik Danial
- Department of Medicine, Bronx Lebanon Hospital Center, Affiliated with Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1650 Grand Concourse, Bronx, NY 10457, USA
| | - Richard Duncalf
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Bronx Lebanon Hospital Center, Affiliated with Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1650 Grand Concourse, Bronx, NY 10457, USA
| | - Misbahuddin Khaja
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Bronx Lebanon Hospital Center, Affiliated with Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1650 Grand Concourse, Bronx, NY 10457, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Drew
- Department of Pathology, The Royal Veterinary College Field Station, North Mimms, Hatfield, Hertfordshire
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The Mycoplasma hyorhinis p37 Protein Rapidly Induces Genes in Fibroblasts Associated with Inflammation and Cancer. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0140753. [PMID: 26512722 PMCID: PMC4626034 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The p37 protein at the surface of Mycoplasma hyorhinis cells forms part of a high-affinity transport system and has been found associated with animal and human cancers. Here we show in NIH3T3 fibroblasts, p37 rapidly induces the expression of genes implicated in inflammation and cancer progression. This gene activation was principally via the Tlr4 receptor. Activity was lost from p37 when the C-terminal 20 amino acids were removed or the four amino acids specific for the hydrogen bonding of thiamine pyrophosphate had been replaced by valine. Blocking the IL6 receptor or inhibiting STAT3 signalling resulted in increased p37-induced gene expression. Since cancer associated fibroblasts support growth, invasion and metastasis via their ability to regulate tumour-related inflammation, the rapid induction in fibroblasts of pro-inflammatory genes by p37 might be expected to influence cancer development.
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Monaghan RL, Barrett JF. Antibacterial drug discovery—Then, now and the genomics future. Biochem Pharmacol 2006; 71:901-9. [PMID: 16494849 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2005.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2005] [Revised: 11/18/2005] [Accepted: 11/24/2005] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Drug discovery research in the area of infectious diseases, in particular that dealing with antibacterial/antibiotic susceptibility and resistance, is in a process of continuing evolution. Steeped in the history of the highly successful intervention with chemotherapeutic agents to treat human infections, the emergence of drug-resistant pathogens worldwide presents a serious unmet medical need, if not a pending catastrophe. Research in both academia and industry over the past 30 years using molecular biology, genetics and more recently--bacterial genomics--has assembled key enabling technologies to increase productivity and success rates in the discovery and development of novel antibacterial agents. However genomics is not limited only to antibacterial target selection but provides the opportunity to further understand key interactions in the use of antibacterial compounds as therapeutic agents (such as resistance emergence, susceptibility, efflux, interactions between compound and pathogen, etc.). Genomics also offers the potential for insights into: bacterial niche adaptation, host susceptibility, treatment regimens, antibiotic resistance, pharmacokinetics (e.g., host metabolism differences), safety and the microbial genesis of chronic diseases (e.g., gastric ulceration).
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard L Monaghan
- Merck Research Laboratories, 126 E. Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, NJ 07065, USA.
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Rivera A, Yáñez A, León-Tello G, Gil C, Giono S, Barba E, Cedillo L. Experimental arthritis induced by a clinical Mycoplasma fermentans isolate. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2002; 3:15. [PMID: 12057023 PMCID: PMC116578 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2474-3-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2002] [Accepted: 06/03/2002] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mycoplasma fermentans has been associated with rheumatoid arthritis. Recently, it was detected in the joints and blood of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, but it is not clear yet how the bacteria enter the body and reach the joints. The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of M. fermentans to induce experimental arthritis in rabbits following inoculation of the bacteria in the trachea and knee joints. METHODS P-140 and PG-18 strains were each injected in the knee joints of 14 rabbits in order to evaluate and compare their arthritogenicity. P-140 was also injected in the trachea of 14 rabbits in order to test the ability of the bacteria to reach the joints and induce arthritis. RESULTS M. fermentans produced an acute arthritis in rabbits. Joint swelling appeared first in rabbits injected with P-140, which caused a more severe arthritis than PG-18. Both strains were able to migrate to the uninoculated knee joints and they were detected viable in the joints all along the duration of the experiment. Changes in the synovial tissue were more severe by the end of the experiment and characterized by the infiltration of neutrophils and substitution of adipose tissue by connective tissue. Rabbits intracheally injected with P-140 showed induced arthritis and the bacteria could be isolated from lungs, blood, heart, kidney, spleen, brain and joints. CONCLUSION M. fermentans induced arthritis regardless of the inoculation route. These findings may help explain why mycoplasmas are commonly isolated from the joints of rheumatic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Rivera
- Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Pue. México
| | - Antonio Yáñez
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Oral, Facultad de Estomatología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Pue, México
| | - Gloria León-Tello
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Pue, México
| | - Constantino Gil
- Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Pue. México
| | - Silvia Giono
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional
| | - Eduardo Barba
- Escuela de Veterinaria, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Pue, México
| | - Lilia Cedillo
- Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Pue. México
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Taylor-Robinson D, Keat A. How can a causal role for small bacteria in chronic inflammatory arthritides be established or refuted? Ann Rheum Dis 2001; 60:177-84. [PMID: 11171674 PMCID: PMC1753580 DOI: 10.1136/ard.60.3.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D Taylor-Robinson
- Department of Genitourinary Medicine, Imperial College School of Medicine, St Mary's Campus, London W2 1NY, UK
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Abstract
In this review the rationale for the possible beneficial effect of tetracycline derivatives for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis is discussed. Early studies (Sanchez, Skinner et al. and Brown et al. ) and the two open trials of the 1980s are briefly discussed. The three double-blind studies conducted in the 1990s (Kloppenburg et al. , The Netherlands; the MIRA trial, USA and the O'Dell et al., USA) are described in detail. The baseline clinical and demographic data for these patients, as well as the efficacy and toxicity data are described in the text and summarised in tables. The long-term data of the O'Dell et al.'s trial is described. Finally, side effects not observed during the conduct of these trials, but reported to occur in other patients, for example those receiving minocycline for the treatment of acne, are also listed.
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Affiliation(s)
- G S Alarcón
- University of Alabama, n615 Medical Education Building, UAB, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
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Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting about 1% of the adult population. The pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis remains incompletely understood. An infectious aetiology of the disease has long been postulated, but not proved. Despite insufficient evidence for the infectious nature of this disorder, several antibacterials, such as sulfa compounds, tetracyclines and rifampicin, have been investigated in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. In the last few years, minocycline, a semi-synthetic derivative of tetracycline, has been extensively studied as a therapeutic agent for rheumatoid arthritis. The antirheumatic effect of minocycline can be related to its immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory, rather than to its antibacterial properties. Its efficacy in rheumatoid arthritis has been reported in 2 open trials and in 3 double-blind controlled studies. The first 2 double-blind studies, 1 in The Netherlands and 1 in the US, were performed in patients with advanced disease. Both studies showed a modest, but statistically significant improvement in the clinical parameters of disease activity and in the erythrocyte sedimentation rate in the minocycline-treated patients. The US study also reported that patients in the minocycline group developed fewer erosions than those in the placebo group. This finding supports the role of minocycline as a disease modifying agent. The common adverse effects of minocycline reported in these 2 studies included gastrointestinal adverse effects, dizziness, rash and headaches. Less common adverse effects were intracranial hypertension, pneumonitis, persistent skin and mucosal hyperpigmentation, lupus-like syndrome and acute hepatic injury. The third double-blind study enrolled only seropositive rheumatoid arthritis patients with early disease (less than 1 year duration), and showed very encouraging results of significant improvement in the disease activity parameters in the minocycline treated group of patients. The same authors later reported that about half of these patients were in or near remission after 3 years of follow up. No adverse effects were reported in this study. Summarising the data of these 3 double-blind studies, we may conclude that minocycline may be beneficial in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, especially when given early in the disease course or in patients with a mild disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Langevitz
- Rheumatic Disease Unit, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
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Abstract
The scientific basis for the use of antibiotics (with special emphasis on tetracycline and its derivatives) in the treatment of RA is discussed. The data on efficacy and toxicity are presented. The possible place of tetracycline derivatives within the overall strategy of RA treatment is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- G S Alarcón
- Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases Center, University of Alabama, Birmingham, USA.
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Abstract
This paper reviews advances in the understanding of the pathogenesis of reactive arthritis that have occurred over the last decade. Inflammatory aseptic joint disease has been linked with prior infection initiated by many different species of microorganisms. The presence of intra-articular bacterial antigens has now been firmly established with the demonstration of bacteria, bacterial fragments, DNA, RNA, and bacterial lipopolysaccharide in joints of patients with reactive arthritis. Chlamydia trachomatis, Salmonella enteritidis, and Shigella flexneri have all been detected in the joint by immunological techniques, although there is still some doubt as to the form in which they reach the joint and whether or not they persist. A number of phlogistic bacterial components could be acting as arthritogens. Negative joint culture results from patients with reactive arthritis make it unlikely that bacteria in the joint are viable, although chlamydial DNA has been shown in the joints of patients with sexually acquired reactive arthritis using the polymerase chain reaction. The use of antimicrobial therapy in the treatment of reactive arthritis is under review; data suggests that long-term antibiotic treatment warrants further study. The role of HLA-B27 in disease pathogenesis is discussed as are possible mechanisms of interplay between germ and gene. HLA-B27 might confer disease susceptibility by affecting immune mechanisms other than classical antigen presentation. The immunopathogenesis of joint inflammation in reactive arthritis is explored with reference to studies of humoral and cellular immune responses. Serological evidence to support the concept of molecular mimicry is far from conclusive; the results of relevant studies are summarized. Lymphocyte proliferation experiments suggest that antigen presenting cells play an important role. Finally, our views on reactive arthritis in the 1990s, and areas of new and potentially fruitful future research are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Hughes
- Department of Rheumatology, St Peter's Hospital Trust, Chertsey, United Kingdom
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Alarcón GS, Mikhail IS. Antimicrobials in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and other arthritides: a clinical perspective. Am J Med Sci 1994; 308:201-9. [PMID: 8074141 DOI: 10.1097/00000441-199409000-00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- G S Alarcón
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham
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Current Knowledge of the Etiology and Pathogenesis of Chronic Uveitis Accompanying Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/s0889-857x(21)00819-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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O'Connor GR. Factors related to the initiation and recurrence of uveitis. XL Edward Jackson memorial lecture. Am J Ophthalmol 1983; 96:577-99. [PMID: 6139024 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9394(14)73415-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Uveitis comprises a complex group of diseases in which morbidity may depend on the nature of the initial inflammation as well as on the genetic, hormonal, and emotional background of the patient. Uveitis is initiated in every instance by some form of tissue injury. This may occur as an attack on individual cells by organisms such as Toxoplasma gondii or Herpesvirus hominis. Autoimmune disease may be produced as a late result of microbe-induced injury. The development of specific forms of autoimmunity seems to be dependent upon genetic as well as hormonal factors, particularly estrogens. Tissue injury of immunologic origin takes several forms, such as cytotoxic damage from sensitized lymphocytes, immune complex-mediated injury, and injury from the oxidative products of inflammatory cells. In some cases, permanent alteration of uveal vascular permeability results. Recurrent uveitis may be attributed in some instances to the reappearance of infectious organisms in the target tissue. In other cases, recurrence of inflammation may be attributed to the localization of immune complexes in the uveal tract. Changes in immunoregulation can be attributed to pregnancy, aging, and emotional factors. Neurohumoral pathways related to stress-mediated changes in immunoregulation have recently been described in laboratory animals. These pathways may be linked with stress-related recurrences of uveitis in humans.
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Thirkill CE, Song DY, Gregerson DS. Application of monoclonal antibodies to detect intraocular mycoplasma antigens in Mycoplasma arthritidis-infected Sprague-Dawley rats. Infect Immun 1983; 40:389-97. [PMID: 6339406 PMCID: PMC264859 DOI: 10.1128/iai.40.1.389-397.1983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Sprague-Dawley rats infected with Mycoplasma arthritidis by tail vein inoculation develop extensive disseminated joint inflammation, frequently accompanied by conjunctivitis and anterior uveitis. The intraocular inflammation is apparently directed at mycoplasmas localized within the stroma of the ciliary body, which have been detected with monoclonal antibodies by indirect immunofluorescence. The monoclonal antibodies are directed against an antigenic determinant on the enzyme arginine deiminase isolated from M. arthritidis, but they do not react with the same enzyme derived from Mycoplasma hominis. The antigen bound by the monoclonal antibodies can also be detected by immunofluorescence in M. arthritidis-infected tissue cultures and is not lost after glutaraldehyde fixation or paraffin-embedding procedures. The value in the application of monoclonal antibodies reactive with arginine deiminase lies in the fact that although this enzyme may be found in mycoplasmas and several other species of bacteria it is not a normal constituent of mammalian tissues.
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Abstract
Mycoplasma arthritidis was demonstrated to incite experimental conjunctivitis and uveitis in Swiss Webster mice which have a known susceptibility to the arthritis customarily associated with infection by this mycoplasma. The initial symptom of ocular involvement was conjunctivitis, which appeared as early as 1 day after intravenous injection with viable culture concentrates of M. arthritidis. By day 2, histological analysis showed intraocular localized inflammatory reactions that were confined primarily to the anterior portion of the uvea and produced results which were compatible with those seen in iridocyclitis. Serological assays of the titer and the class of antibodies involved in the early humoral immune response to infection confirmed the predominance of immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentrations over IgM concentrations that was described by others (Cole et al., Infect. Immun. 4:431-440, 1971) and revealed significant titers of the IgG2a and IgG2b subclasses of complement-fixing antibodies. The rapid onset of acute conjunctivitis, together with the early appearance of immunoglobulins of the IgG class, suggests that the M. arthritidis-infected Swiss Webster mice may have experienced an anamnestic response to the mycoplasma antigens. These observations introduce a new animal model for the study of mycoplasma-induced experimental uveitis and conjunctivitis, which are demonstrated here to accompany a disseminated systemic disease process.
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Lorber A, Simon T, Leeb J, Peter A, Wilcox S. Chrysotherapy. Suppression of immunoglobulin synthesis. ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM 1978; 21:785-91. [PMID: 100121 DOI: 10.1002/art.1780210708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Forty-four subjects with classic or definite rheumatoid arthritis who were on individualized chrysotherapy were observed for changes in serum protein electrophoresis, immunoglobulins, and circulating lymphocyte counts. By paired variate analysis, significant declines from pretreatment values were recorded for the following--electrophoretic protein fractions: gamma, alpha-1, alpha-2, (P less than 0.05); immunoglobulins: IgM--53% (P less than 0.001), IgG--37% (P less than 0.01), IgA--34% (P less than 0.001). Rheumatoid factor decreased in 29 of 39 subjects, 15 becoming seronegative (P less than 0.001); circulating lymphocytes decreased by 27% (P less than 0.001). The maximal suppressive effect on IgG and IgM was not achieved until the third and fourth years of therapy by sustained weekly administration of gold sodium thiomalate (one year cumulative dosage, mean 2106 mg, range 1065-2,885; greater than or equal to 4 year cumulative dosage, mean 8747 mg, range 5,385-15,160 mg). An immunosuppressive effect is suggested by these results.
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Markham JG, Myers DB. Preliminary observations on an isolate from synvoial fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 1976; 35:1-7. [PMID: 1275575 PMCID: PMC1006498 DOI: 10.1136/ard.35.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A very slow-growing micro-organism has been isolated from the synovial fluid of patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis. This organism exhibits some of the properties of a mycoplasma such as growth in the presence of penicillin, and the requirement of serum and yeast, but generally does not behave like any known species of this group. Colonies resemble some types of T-mycoplasma in morphology and size. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the size of the components of these colonies was exceedingly small.
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Marcolongo R, Debolini A. Incidence of hepatitis associated antigen HAA and homologous antibody in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Vox Sang 1975; 28:9-18. [PMID: 1114790 DOI: 10.1111/j.1423-0410.1975.tb02735.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The authors have studied the incidence of hepatitis associated antigen (HAA) and the homologous antibody in sera of patients with rheumatoid arthritis on the basis of (1) arthritis sometimes associated with viral hepatitis, (2) the possible infectious etiology of rheumatoid arthritis, and (3) observation on the possible pathogenetic role of HAA in some cases of polyarteritis nodosa. The presence of HAA and antibody titer gave constantly negative results in all subjects examined with the exception of one case which showed no signs of serological or histological hepatic involvement. On the basis of the results obtained, the negligible role of HAA in the etiopathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis is underlined. However, the authors emphasize as suggestive the hypothesis that the characteristic histopathological alterations of rheumatoid arthritis may be mediated by an immunological reaction toward an infectious agent other than HAA, but operating through mechanisms similar to those of HAA in polyarteritis nodosa.
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Stewart SM, Duthie JJ, Mackay JM, Marmion BP, Alexander WR. Mycoplasmas and rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 1974; 33:346-52. [PMID: 4414752 PMCID: PMC1006269 DOI: 10.1136/ard.33.4.346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Mouridsen HT, Baerentsen O, Rossing N, Jensen KB. Lack of effect of gold therapy on abnormal IgG and IgM metabolism in rheumatoid arthritis. ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM 1974; 17:391-6. [PMID: 4212120 DOI: 10.1002/art.1780170408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Windsor GD, Nicholls A, Maini RN, Edward DG, Lemcke RM, Dumonde DC. Search for mycoplasma in synovial fluids from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 1974; 33:70-4. [PMID: 4595272 PMCID: PMC1006203 DOI: 10.1136/ard.33.1.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Hughes P, Holt S, Rowell NR. Leucocyte migration-inhibition in systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann Rheum Dis 1974; 33:48-52. [PMID: 4544978 PMCID: PMC1006198 DOI: 10.1136/ard.33.1.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Mårdh PA, Nilsson FJ, Bjelle A. Mycoplasmas and bacteria in synovial fluid from patients with arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 1973; 32:319-25. [PMID: 4726069 PMCID: PMC1006109 DOI: 10.1136/ard.32.4.319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Windsor GD, Nicholls A, Maini RN, Lemcke R, Edward DG, Dumonde DC. Search for mycoplasma in synovial fluids from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 1973; 32:389-90. [PMID: 4726076 PMCID: PMC1006125 DOI: 10.1136/ard.32.4.389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Cole BC, Ward JR, Smith CB. Studies on the infectious etiology of rheumatoid arthritis. ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM 1973; 16:191-8. [PMID: 4716432 DOI: 10.1002/art.1780160209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Bartholomew LE, Nelson FR. Corynebacterium acnes in rheumatoid arthritis. I. Isolation and antibody studies. Ann Rheum Dis 1972; 31:22-7. [PMID: 4621488 PMCID: PMC1005856 DOI: 10.1136/ard.31.1.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Jansson E, Mäkisara P, Vainio K, Snellman O, Tuuri S. Further studies on mycoplasma in rheumatoid arthritis. ACTA RHEUMATOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA 1971; 17:227-35. [PMID: 4937527 DOI: 10.3109/rhe1.1971.17.issue-1-4.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Abstract
Mycoplasmas were sought in the salivary secretions and minor salivary gland tissue of 26 patients with Sjögren's syndrome or the allied sicca complex. A mycoplasma (M. orale type 1) was recovered from the stimulated parotid saliva of only one case. Possible mechanisms of mycoplasmal cell damage in this and allied disorders are considered and some future lines of investigation are suggested.
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Jansson E, Vainio U, Tuuri S. Cultivation of a mycoplasma from the bone marrow in systemic lupus erythematosus disseminatus. ACTA RHEUMATOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA 1971; 17:223-6. [PMID: 5106571 DOI: 10.3109/rhe1.1971.17.issue-1-4.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Skinner M, Cathcart ES, Mills JA, Pinals RS. Tetracycline in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. A double blind controlled study. ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM 1971; 14:727-32. [PMID: 4944432 DOI: 10.1002/art.1780140607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Nardo JM, Norton WL. Evidence for infectious etiologies in connective tissue disorders. Semin Arthritis Rheum 1971; 1:116-40. [PMID: 4405030 DOI: 10.1016/0049-0172(71)90002-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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39
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Abstract
Ten strains of myocoplasmas were recovered from cultures of synovium or cultures inoculated with synovial fragments from rheumatoid arthritis and one from osteo-arthritis. The source of the organisms is not known. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis had no complement-fixing antibody and no fluorescent staining antibody against the mycoplasmas isolated and no mycoplasma antigen was detected by immunofluorescence in sections of synovia and in synovial fluids.The strains isolated were of two main serological types and could be distinguished by direct fluorescent antibody staining from standard types of human commensals and the common tissue-culture contaminants. One may be Mycoplasma laidlawii.
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COLEMAN SYLVIAE, COLE MILTONB, ROBERTS FRANCESE, McGAUGHEY FAYS. MYCOPLASMAS (PPLO) AND DISEASE: SERUM ANTIBODY TITERS IN A HOSPITAL POPULATION OF ELDERLY PATIENTS. J Am Geriatr Soc 1968. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1968.tb00742.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Persellin RH, Hess EV, Ziff M. Effect of a gold salt on the immune response. ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM 1967; 10:99-106. [PMID: 6023059 DOI: 10.1002/art.1780100204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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