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Tian B, Zhang L, Zheng J, Kang X. The role of NF-κB-SOX9 signalling pathway in osteoarthritis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e37191. [PMID: 39319133 PMCID: PMC11419907 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e37191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signalling pathway exists in a variety of cells and is involved in the gene regulation of various physiological and pathological processes such as inflammation, immunity, cell proliferation and apoptosis. It has been shown that this signaling pathway is also involved in numerous events associated with osteoarthritis, including chondrocyte catabolism, chondrocyte survival, and synovial inflammation. SRY-related high mobility group-box 9(SOX9) is the "master regulator" of chondrocytes and one of the key transcription factors that maintain chondrocyte phenotype and cartilage homeostasis. NF-κB can positively regulate the expression of SOX9 by directly binding to its promoter region, and play a role in the formation and development of chondrocytes. This article reviews the regulatory effect of the NF-κB-SOX9 signaling axis on osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Tian
- Department of Sports Medicine, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Shaanxi, 710054, PR China
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Afffliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Shaanxi, 710054, PR China
| | - Jiang Zheng
- Department of Sports Medicine, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Shaanxi, 710054, PR China
| | - Xin Kang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Shaanxi, 710054, PR China
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Pratt SJP, Plunkett CM, Kuzu G, Trinh T, Barbara J, Choconta P, Quackenbush D, Huynh T, Smith A, Barnes SW, New J, Pierce J, Walker JR, Mainquist J, King FJ, Elliott J, Hammack S, Decker RS. A high throughput cell stretch device for investigating mechanobiology in vitro. APL Bioeng 2024; 8:026129. [PMID: 38938688 PMCID: PMC11210978 DOI: 10.1063/5.0206852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Mechanobiology is a rapidly advancing field, with growing evidence that mechanical signaling plays key roles in health and disease. To accelerate mechanobiology-based drug discovery, novel in vitro systems are needed that enable mechanical perturbation of cells in a format amenable to high throughput screening. Here, both a mechanical stretch device and 192-well silicone flexible linear stretch plate were designed and fabricated to meet high throughput technology needs for cell stretch-based applications. To demonstrate the utility of the stretch plate in automation and screening, cell dispensing, liquid handling, high content imaging, and high throughput sequencing platforms were employed. Using this system, an assay was developed as a biological validation and proof-of-concept readout for screening. A mechano-transcriptional stretch response was characterized using focused gene expression profiling measured by RNA-mediated oligonucleotide Annealing, Selection, and Ligation with Next-Gen sequencing. Using articular chondrocytes, a gene expression signature containing stretch responsive genes relevant to cartilage homeostasis and disease was identified. The possibility for integration of other stretch sensitive cell types (e.g., cardiovascular, airway, bladder, gut, and musculoskeletal), in combination with alternative phenotypic readouts (e.g., protein expression, proliferation, or spatial alignment), broadens the scope of high throughput stretch and allows for wider adoption by the research community. This high throughput mechanical stress device fills an unmet need in phenotypic screening technology to support drug discovery in mechanobiology-based disease areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J. P. Pratt
- Novartis, Biomedical Research 10675 John Jay Hopkins Dr, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | | | - Guray Kuzu
- Novartis, Biomedical Research 10675 John Jay Hopkins Dr, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Ton Trinh
- Novartis, Biomedical Research 10675 John Jay Hopkins Dr, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Joshua Barbara
- Novartis, Biomedical Research 10675 John Jay Hopkins Dr, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Paula Choconta
- Novartis, Biomedical Research 10675 John Jay Hopkins Dr, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Doug Quackenbush
- Novartis, Biomedical Research 10675 John Jay Hopkins Dr, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Truc Huynh
- Novartis, Biomedical Research 10675 John Jay Hopkins Dr, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Anders Smith
- Novartis, Biomedical Research 10675 John Jay Hopkins Dr, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - S. Whitney Barnes
- Novartis, Biomedical Research 10675 John Jay Hopkins Dr, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Joel New
- Novartis, Biomedical Research 10675 John Jay Hopkins Dr, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - James Pierce
- Novartis, Biomedical Research 10675 John Jay Hopkins Dr, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - John R. Walker
- Novartis, Biomedical Research 10675 John Jay Hopkins Dr, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - James Mainquist
- Novartis, Biomedical Research 10675 John Jay Hopkins Dr, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Frederick J. King
- Novartis, Biomedical Research 10675 John Jay Hopkins Dr, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Jimmy Elliott
- Novartis, Biomedical Research 10675 John Jay Hopkins Dr, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Scott Hammack
- Novartis, Biomedical Research 10675 John Jay Hopkins Dr, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - Rebekah S. Decker
- Novartis, Biomedical Research 10675 John Jay Hopkins Dr, San Diego, California 92121, USA
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Liu S, Pan Y, Li T, Zou M, Liu W, Li Q, Wan H, Peng J, Hao L. The Role of Regulated Programmed Cell Death in Osteoarthritis: From Pathogenesis to Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065364. [PMID: 36982438 PMCID: PMC10049357 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a worldwide chronic disease that can cause severe inflammation to damage the surrounding tissue and cartilage. There are many different factors that can lead to osteoarthritis, but abnormally progressed programmed cell death is one of the most important risk factors that can induce osteoarthritis. Prior studies have demonstrated that programmed cell death, including apoptosis, pyroptosis, necroptosis, ferroptosis, autophagy, and cuproptosis, has a great connection with osteoarthritis. In this paper, we review the role of different types of programmed cell death in the generation and development of OA and how the different signal pathways modulate the different cell death to regulate the development of OA. Additionally, this review provides new insights into the radical treatment of osteoarthritis rather than conservative treatment, such as anti-inflammation drugs or surgical operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suqing Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affifiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- Queen Marry College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yurong Pan
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affifiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- Queen Marry College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affifiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Mi Zou
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affifiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Wenji Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affifiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Qingqing Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affifiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Huan Wan
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affifiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Jie Peng
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- Correspondence: (J.P.); (L.H.); Tel.: +86-15983280459 (J.P.); +86-13607008562 (L.H.)
| | - Liang Hao
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affifiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- Correspondence: (J.P.); (L.H.); Tel.: +86-15983280459 (J.P.); +86-13607008562 (L.H.)
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Caxaria S, Kouvatsos N, Eldridge SE, Alvarez‐Fallas M, Thorup A, Cici D, Barawi A, Arshed A, Strachan D, Carletti G, Huang X, Bharde S, Deniz M, Wilson J, Thomas BL, Pitzalis C, Cantatore FP, Sayilekshmy M, Sikandar S, Luyten FP, Pap T, Sherwood JC, Day AJ, Dell'Accio F. Disease modification and symptom relief in osteoarthritis using a mutated GCP-2/CXCL6 chemokine. EMBO Mol Med 2022; 15:e16218. [PMID: 36507558 PMCID: PMC9832835 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202216218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We showed that the chemokine receptor C-X-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 2 (CXCR2) is essential for cartilage homeostasis. Here, we reveal that the CXCR2 ligand granulocyte chemotactic protein 2 (GCP-2) was expressed, during embryonic development, within the prospective permanent articular cartilage, but not in the epiphyseal cartilage destined to be replaced by bone. GCP-2 expression was retained in adult articular cartilage. GCP-2 loss-of-function inhibited extracellular matrix production. GCP-2 treatment promoted chondrogenesis in vitro and in human cartilage organoids implanted in nude mice in vivo. To exploit the chondrogenic activity of GCP-2, we disrupted its chemotactic activity, by mutagenizing a glycosaminoglycan binding sequence, which we hypothesized to be required for the formation of a GCP-2 haptotactic gradient on endothelia. This mutated version (GCP-2-T) had reduced capacity to induce transendothelial migration in vitro and in vivo, without affecting downstream receptor signaling through AKT, and chondrogenic activity. Intra-articular adenoviral overexpression of GCP-2-T, but not wild-type GCP-2, reduced pain and cartilage loss in instability-induced osteoarthritis in mice. We suggest that GCP-2-T may be used for disease modification in osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Caxaria
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and DentistryQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Nikolaos Kouvatsos
- Wellcome Centre for Cell‐Matrix Research, Manchester Academic Health Science CentreUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Suzanne E Eldridge
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and DentistryQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Mario Alvarez‐Fallas
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and DentistryQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Anne‐Sophie Thorup
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and DentistryQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Daniela Cici
- Rheumatology Clinic, Department of Medical and Surgical SciencesUniversity of FoggiaFoggiaItaly
| | - Aida Barawi
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and DentistryQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Ammaarah Arshed
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and DentistryQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Danielle Strachan
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and DentistryQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Giulia Carletti
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and DentistryQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Xinying Huang
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and DentistryQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Sabah Bharde
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and DentistryQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Melody Deniz
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and DentistryQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Jacob Wilson
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and DentistryQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Bethan L Thomas
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and DentistryQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Costantino Pitzalis
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and DentistryQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | | | - Manasi Sayilekshmy
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and DentistryQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Shafaq Sikandar
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and DentistryQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Frank P Luyten
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research CenterKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Thomas Pap
- Institute of Musculoskeletal MedicineUniversity Hospital MünsterMünsterGermany
| | - Joanna C Sherwood
- Institute of Musculoskeletal MedicineUniversity Hospital MünsterMünsterGermany
| | - Anthony J Day
- Wellcome Centre for Cell‐Matrix Research, Manchester Academic Health Science CentreUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK,Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, Manchester Academic Health Science CentreUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Francesco Dell'Accio
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and DentistryQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
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5
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Cao H, Fu Y, Zhang Z, Guo W. Unbiased transcriptome mapping and modeling identify candidate genes and compounds of osteoarthritis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:888533. [PMID: 36034872 PMCID: PMC9399521 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.888533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disease characterized by progressive cartilage loss, subchondral bone remodeling, and synovial inflammation. Given that the current therapies for advanced OA patients are limited, the understanding of mechanisms and novel therapies are urgently needed. In this study, we employed the weighted gene co-expression network (WGCNA) method and the connectivity map (CMap) database to identify the candidate target genes and potential compounds. Four groups of co-expressing genes were identified as the OA-related modules. The biological annotations of these modules indicated some critical hallmarks of OA and aging, such as mitochondrial dysfunctions and abnormal energy metabolism, and the signaling pathways, such as MAPK, TNF, and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Some genes, such as RELA and GADD45B, were predicted to extensively involve these critical pathways, indicating their potential functions in OA mechanisms. Moreover, we constructed the co-expressing networks of modules and identified the hub genes based on network topology. GADD45B, MAFF, and MYC were identified and validated as the hub genes. Finally, anisomycin and MG-262 were predicted to target these OA-related modules, which may be the potential drugs for OA therapy. In conclusion, this study identified the significant modules, signaling pathways, and hub genes relevant to OA and highlighted the potential clinical value of anisomycin and MG-262 as novel therapies in OA management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Cao
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yifan Fu
- The First Clinical School, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Hankou Hospital, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Zhenzhen Zhang, ; Weichun Guo,
| | - Weichun Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Zhenzhen Zhang, ; Weichun Guo,
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Tardif G, Paré F, Gotti C, Roux-Dalvai F, Droit A, Zhai G, Sun G, Fahmi H, Pelletier JP, Martel-Pelletier J. Mass spectrometry-based proteomics identify novel serum osteoarthritis biomarkers. Arthritis Res Ther 2022; 24:120. [PMID: 35606786 PMCID: PMC9125906 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-022-02801-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteoarthritis (OA) is a slowly developing and debilitating disease, and there are no validated specific biomarkers for its early detection. To improve therapeutic approaches, identification of specific molecules/biomarkers enabling early determination of this disease is needed. This study aimed at identifying, with the use of proteomics/mass spectrometry, novel OA-specific serum biomarkers. As obesity is a major risk factor for OA, we discriminated obesity-regulated proteins to target only OA-specific proteins as biomarkers. Methods Serum from the Osteoarthritis Initiative cohort was used and divided into 3 groups: controls (n=8), OA-obese (n=10) and OA-non-obese (n=10). Proteins were identified and quantified from the liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry analyses using MaxQuant software. Statistical analysis used the Limma test followed by the Benjamini-Hochberg method. To compare the proteomic profiles, the multivariate unsupervised principal component analysis (PCA) followed by the pairwise comparison was used. To select the most predictive/discriminative features, the supervised linear classification model sparse partial least squares regression discriminant analysis (sPLS-DA) was employed. Validation of three differential proteins was performed with protein-specific assays using plasma from a cohort derived from the Newfoundland Osteoarthritis. Results In total, 509 proteins were identified, and 279 proteins were quantified. PCA-pairwise differential comparisons between the 3 groups revealed that 8 proteins were differentially regulated between the OA-obese and/or OA-non-obese with controls. Further experiments using the sPLS-DA revealed two components discriminating OA from controls (component 1, 9 proteins), and OA-obese from OA-non-obese (component 2, 23 proteins). Proteins from component 2 were considered related to obesity. In component 1, compared to controls, 7 proteins were significantly upregulated by both OA groups and 2 by the OA-obese. Among upregulated proteins from both OA groups, some of them alone would not be a suitable choice as specific OA biomarkers due to their rather non-specific role or their strong link to other pathological conditions. Altogether, data revealed that the protein CRTAC1 appears to be a strong OA biomarker candidate. Other potential new biomarker candidates are the proteins FBN1, VDBP, and possibly SERPINF1. Validation experiments revealed statistical differences between controls and OA for FBN1 (p=0.044) and VDPB (p=0.022), and a trend for SERPINF1 (p=0.064). Conclusion Our study suggests that 4 proteins, CRTAC1, FBN1, VDBP, and possibly SERPINF1, warrant further investigation as potential new biomarker candidates for the whole OA population. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13075-022-02801-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ginette Tardif
- Osteoarthritis Research Unit, University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre (CRCHUM), 900 Saint-Denis, Suite R11.412B, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Frédéric Paré
- Osteoarthritis Research Unit, University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre (CRCHUM), 900 Saint-Denis, Suite R11.412B, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Clarisse Gotti
- CHU de Québec Research Center, Laval University, Quebec, QC, G1V 4G2, Canada
| | | | - Arnaud Droit
- CHU de Québec Research Center, Laval University, Quebec, QC, G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Guangju Zhai
- Division of Biomedical Sciences (Genetics), Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1B 3V6, Canada
| | - Guang Sun
- Discipline of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1B 3V6, Canada
| | - Hassan Fahmi
- Osteoarthritis Research Unit, University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre (CRCHUM), 900 Saint-Denis, Suite R11.412B, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Jean-Pierre Pelletier
- Osteoarthritis Research Unit, University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre (CRCHUM), 900 Saint-Denis, Suite R11.412B, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Johanne Martel-Pelletier
- Osteoarthritis Research Unit, University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre (CRCHUM), 900 Saint-Denis, Suite R11.412B, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada.
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Rodríguez Ruiz A, van Hoolwerff M, Sprangers S, Suchiman E, Schoenmaker T, Dibbets-Schneider P, Bloem JL, Nelissen RGHH, Freund C, Mummery C, Everts V, de Vries TJ, Ramos YFM, Meulenbelt I. Mutation in the CCAL1 locus accounts for bidirectional process of human subchondral bone turnover and cartilage mineralization. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2022; 62:360-372. [PMID: 35412619 PMCID: PMC9788812 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keac232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To study the mechanism by which the readthrough mutation in TNFRSF11B, encoding osteoprotegerin (OPG) with additional 19 amino acids at its C-terminus (OPG-XL), causes the characteristic bidirectional phenotype of subchondral bone turnover accompanied by cartilage mineralization in chondrocalcinosis patients. METHODS OPG-XL was studied by human induced pluripotent stem cells expressing OPG-XL and two isogenic CRISPR/Cas9-corrected controls in cartilage and bone organoids. Osteoclastogenesis was studied with monocytes from OPG-XL carriers and matched healthy controls followed by gene expression characterization. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry scans and MRI analyses were used to characterize the phenotype of carriers and non-carriers of the mutation. RESULTS Human OPG-XL carriers relative to sex- and age-matched controls showed, after an initial delay, large active osteoclasts with high number of nuclei. By employing hiPSCs expressing OPG-XL and isogenic CRISPR/Cas9-corrected controls to established cartilage and bone organoids, we demonstrated that expression of OPG-XL resulted in excessive fibrosis in cartilage and high mineralization in bone accompanied by marked downregulation of MGP, encoding matrix Gla protein, and upregulation of DIO2, encoding type 2 deiodinase, gene expression, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The readthrough mutation at CCAL1 locus in TNFRSF11B identifies an unknown role for OPG-XL in subchondral bone turnover and cartilage mineralization in humans via DIO2 and MGP functions. Previously, OPG-XL was shown to affect binding between RANKL and heparan sulphate (HS) resulting in loss of immobilized OPG-XL. Therefore, effects may be triggered by deficiency in the immobilization of OPG-XL Since the characteristic bidirectional pathophysiology of articular cartilage calcification accompanied by low subchondral bone mineralization is also a hallmark of OA pathophysiology, our results are likely extrapolated to common arthropathies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Eka Suchiman
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Section Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden
| | - Ton Schoenmaker
- Department of Oral Cell Biology,Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit , Amsterdam
| | | | | | - Rob G H H Nelissen
- Department of Orthopedics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Teun J de Vries
- Department of Oral Cell Biology,Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit , Amsterdam
| | - Yolande F M Ramos
- Correspondence to: Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, LUMC Postzone S-05-P, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands. E-mail:
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8
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Houtman E, Tuerlings M, Suchiman HED, Lakenberg N, Cornelis FMF, Mei H, Broekhuis D, Nelissen RGHH, Coutinho de Almeida R, Ramos YFM, Lories RJ, Cruz LJ, Meulenbelt I. Inhibiting thyroid activation in aged human explants prevents mechanical induced detrimental signalling by mitigating metabolic processes. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2022; 62:457-466. [PMID: 35383365 PMCID: PMC9788824 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keac202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate whether the deiodinase inhibitor iopanoic acid (IOP) has chondroprotective properties, a mechanical stress induced model of human aged explants was used to test both repeated dosing and slow release of IOP. METHODS Human osteochondral explants subjected to injurious mechanical stress (65%MS) were treated with IOP or IOP encapsulated in poly lactic-co-glycolic acid-polyethylene glycol nanoparticles (NP-IOP). Changes to cartilage integrity and signalling were determined by Mankin scoring of histology, sulphated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG) release and expression levels of catabolic, anabolic and hypertrophic markers. Subsequently, on a subgroup of samples, RNA sequencing was performed on 65%MS (n = 14) and 65%MS+IOP (n = 7) treated cartilage to identify IOP's mode of action. RESULTS Damage from injurious mechanical stress was confirmed by increased cartilage surface damage in the Mankin score, increased sGAG release, and consistent upregulation of catabolic markers and downregulation of anabolic markers. IOP and, though less effective, NP-IOP treatment, reduced MMP13 and increased COL2A1 expression. In line with this, IOP and NP-IOP reduced cartilage surface damage induced by 65%MS, while only IOP reduced sGAG release from explants subjected to 65%MS. Lastly, differential expression analysis identified 12 genes in IOP's mode of action to be mainly involved in reducing metabolic processes (INSIG1, DHCR7, FADS1 and ACAT2) and proliferation and differentiation (CTGF, BMP5 and FOXM1). CONCLUSION Treatment with the deiodinase inhibitor IOP reduced detrimental changes of injurious mechanical stress. In addition, we identified that its mode of action was likely on metabolic processes, cell proliferation and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Houtman
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Margo Tuerlings
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - H Eka D Suchiman
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Nico Lakenberg
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Frederique M F Cornelis
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Centre, Laboratory of Tissue Homeostasis and Disease, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Demiën Broekhuis
- Department of Orthopaedics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Rob G H H Nelissen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Rodrigo Coutinho de Almeida
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Yolande F M Ramos
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Rik J Lories
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Centre, Laboratory of Tissue Homeostasis and Disease, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium,Division of Rheumatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Luis J Cruz
- Translational Nanobiomaterials and Imaging (TNI) Group, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Ingrid Meulenbelt
- Correspondence to: Ingrid Meulenbelt, Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences Postzone J-11-R, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands. E-mail:
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9
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The essential anti-angiogenic strategies in cartilage engineering and osteoarthritic cartilage repair. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:71. [PMID: 35029764 PMCID: PMC9805356 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04105-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
In the cartilage matrix, complex interactions occur between angiogenic and anti-angiogenic components, growth factors, and environmental stressors to maintain a proper cartilage phenotype that allows for effective load bearing and force distribution. However, as seen in both degenerative disease and tissue engineering, cartilage can lose its vascular resistance. This vascularization then leads to matrix breakdown, chondrocyte apoptosis, and ossification. Research has shown that articular cartilage inflammation leads to compromised joint function and decreased clinical potential for regeneration. Unfortunately, few articles comprehensively summarize what we have learned from previous investigations. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of the factors that stabilize chondrocytes to prevent terminal differentiation and applications of these factors to rescue the cartilage phenotype during cartilage engineering and osteoarthritis treatment. Inhibiting vascularization will allow for enhanced phenotypic stability so that we are able to develop more stable implants for cartilage repair and regeneration.
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10
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Basal and IL-1β enhanced chondrocyte chemotactic activity on monocytes are co-dependent on both IKKα and IKKβ NF-κB activating kinases. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21697. [PMID: 34737366 PMCID: PMC8568921 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01063-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
IKKα and IKKβ are essential kinases for activating NF-κB transcription factors that regulate cellular differentiation and inflammation. By virtue of their small size, chemokines support the crosstalk between cartilage and other joint compartments and contribute to immune cell chemotaxis in osteoarthritis (OA). Here we employed shRNA retroviruses to stably and efficiently ablate the expression of each IKK in primary OA chondrocytes to determine their individual contributions for monocyte chemotaxis in response to chondrocyte conditioned media. Both IKKα and IKKβ KDs blunted both the monocyte chemotactic potential and the protein levels of CCL2/MCP-1, the chemokine with the highest concentration and the strongest association with monocyte chemotaxis. These findings were mirrored by gene expression analysis indicating that the lowest levels of CCL2/MCP-1 and other monocyte-active chemokines were in IKKαKD cells under both basal and IL-1β stimulated conditions. We find that in their response to IL-1β stimulation IKKαKD primary OA chondrocytes have reduced levels of phosphorylated NFkappaB p65pSer536 and H3pSer10. Confocal microscopy analysis revealed co-localized p65 and H3pSer10 nuclear signals in agreement with our findings that IKKαKD effectively blunts their basal level and IL-1β dependent increases. Our results suggest that IKKα could be a novel OA disease target.
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11
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Kaneva MK. Neutrophil elastase and its inhibitors-overlooked players in osteoarthritis. FEBS J 2021; 289:113-116. [PMID: 34580987 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cartilage homeostasis is maintained by a delicate balance between anabolism and catabolism. In osteoarthritis, pathological biomechanics or injury triggers cartilage breakdown, nonresolving synovial inflammation, and bone changes, causing reduced joint mobility and incapacitating pain. Undoubtedly, the most important cartilage degrading collagenase during osteoarthritis, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-13, is activated by an unlikely player: neutrophil elastase. Although primarily associated with inflammatory arthritis, neutrophil elastase is present in the osteoarthritic joint, and through activating MMP-13, spurs a cascade of events leading not just to the aberrant destruction of the cartilage itself, but to the proteolysis of its own inhibitor, alpha-1-antitrypsin, as described in the new study by Wilkinson et al. Endowed with potent chondrogenic and cartilage-protective properties, the loss of alpha-1-antitrypsin from cartilage will have major consequences for osteoarthritis progression, and strategies to prevent its loss, or replace it, might provide an innovative treatment opportunity that should not be ignored. Comment on: https://doi.org/10.1111/febs.16127.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena K Kaneva
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, UK.,Centre for Inflammation and Therapeutic Innovation (CiTI), Queen Mary University of London, UK
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12
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Thorup AS, Strachan D, Caxaria S, Poulet B, Thomas BL, Eldridge SE, Nalesso G, Whiteford JR, Pitzalis C, Aigner T, Corder R, Bertrand J, Dell'Accio F. ROR2 blockade as a therapy for osteoarthritis. Sci Transl Med 2021; 12:12/561/eaax3063. [PMID: 32938794 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aax3063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is characterized by the loss of the articular cartilage, bone remodeling, pain, and disability. No pharmacological intervention can currently halt progression of osteoarthritis. Here, we show that blocking receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 2 (ROR2) improves cartilage integrity and pain in osteoarthritis models by inhibiting yes-associated protein (YAP) signaling. ROR2 was up-regulated in the cartilage in response to inflammatory cytokines and mechanical stress. The main ligand for ROR2, WNT5A, and the targets YAP and connective tissue growth factor were up-regulated in osteoarthritis in humans. In vitro, ROR2 overexpression inhibited chondrocytic differentiation. Conversely, ROR2 blockade triggered chondrogenic differentiation of C3H10T1/2 cells and suppressed the expression of the cartilage-degrading enzymes a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS)-4 and ADAMTS-5. The chondrogenic effect of ROR2 blockade in the cartilage was independent of WNT signaling and was mediated by down-regulation of YAP signaling. ROR2 signaling induced G protein and Rho-dependent nuclear accumulation of YAP, and YAP inhibition was required but not sufficient for ROR2 blockade-induced chondrogenesis. ROR2 silencing protected mice from instability-induced osteoarthritis with improved structural outcomes, sustained pain relief, and without apparent side effects or organ toxicity. Last, ROR2 silencing in human articular chondrocytes transplanted in nude mice led to the formation of cartilage organoids with more and better differentiated extracellular matrix, suggesting that the anabolic effect of ROR2 blockade is conserved in humans. Thus, ROR2 blockade is efficacious and well tolerated in preclinical animal models of osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Sophie Thorup
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK.
| | - Danielle Strachan
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Sara Caxaria
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Blandine Poulet
- Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK
| | - Bethan L Thomas
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Suzanne E Eldridge
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Giovanna Nalesso
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7AL, UK
| | - James R Whiteford
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Costantino Pitzalis
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Thomas Aigner
- Institute of Pathology, Medical Center Coburg, Ketschendorferstrasse 33, 96450 Coburg, Germany
| | - Roger Corder
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Jessica Bertrand
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Francesco Dell'Accio
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK.
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13
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Abstract
MicroRNAs have been shown to play a role in cartilage development, homeostasis and breakdown during osteoarthritis. We previously identified miR-3085 in humans as a chondrocyte-selective microRNA, however it could not be detected by Northern blot. The aim of the current study was to prove that miR-3085 is a microRNA and to investigate the function of miR-3085 in signaling pathways relevant to cartilage homeostasis and osteoarthritis. Here, we confirm that miR-3085 is a microRNA and not another class of small RNA using (1) a pre-miR hairpin maturation assay, (2) expression levels in a Dicer null cell line, and (3) Ago2 pulldown. MicroRNA-3085-3p is expressed more highly in micromass than monolayer cultured chondrocytes. Transfection of miR-3085-3p into chondrocytes decreases expression of COL2A1 and ACAN, both of which are validated as direct targets of miR-3085-3p. Interleukin-1 induces the expression of miR-3085-3p, at least in part via NFκB. In a feed-forward mechanism, miR-3085-3p then potentiates NFκB signaling. However, at early time points after transfection, its action appears to be inhibitory. MyD88 has been shown to be a direct target of miR-3085-3p and may be responsible for the early inhibition of NFκB signaling. However, at later time points, MyD88 knockdown remains inhibitory and so other functions of miR-3085-3p are clearly dominant. TGFβ1 also induces the expression of miR-3085-3p, but in this instance, it exerts a feedback inhibition on signaling with SMAD3 and SMAD4 shown to be direct targets. This in vitro analysis shows that miR-3085-3p functions in chondrocytes to induce IL-1-signaling, reduce TGFβ1 signaling, and inhibit expression of matrix genes. These data suggest that miR-3085-3p has a role in chondrocyte function and could contribute to the process of osteoarthritis.
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14
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Kim MH, Choi LY, Ahn KS, Um JY, Lee SG, Hahm DH, Yang WM. Gumiganghwal-tang ameliorates cartilage destruction via inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 261:113074. [PMID: 32534115 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Kyung-Bang Gumiganghwal-tang tablet (GMGHT) is a standardized Korean Medicine that could treat a cold, headache, arthralgia and fever. Although GMGHT has been used for arthritis-related diseases including a sprain, arthralgia, unspecified arthritis and knee arthritis, there is no pre-clinical evidence to treat osteoarthritis (OA). This study determined the drug dosage and the mechanisms of GMGHT for OA. METHODS OA was induced by intra-articular monoiodoacetic acid (MIA) injection in Sprague-Dawley rats. As calculated from the human equivalent dose formula, GMGHT was orally administered at the doses of 9.86, 98.6 and 986 mg/kg for 4 weeks. The arthritis score was performed by a blind test, and histological changes in articular cartilage were indicated by hematoxylin and eosin, Safranin O and toluidine blue staining. SW1353 chondrocytes were stimulated by interleukin (IL)-1β recombinant to analyze the expressions of Type II collagen, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and nuclear factor (NF)-κB. RESULTS Rough and punctate surfaces of the femoral condyle induced by MIA, were recovered by the GMGHT treatment. The arthritis score was significantly improved in the 968 mg/kg of GMGHT-treated cartilage. Loss of chondrocytes and proteoglycan were ameliorated at the deep zone of the subchondral bone plate by the GMGHT administration in OA rats. The expression of Type II collagen was increased, while MMP-1, -3 and -13 levels were decreased in the GMGHT-treated SW1353 chondrocytes. In addition, the GMGHT treatment regulated NF-κB activation along with IL-6, transforming growth factor-β and IL-12 production. CONCLUSIONS GMGHT promoted the recovery of articular cartilage damage by inhibiting MMPs, accompanied with its anti-inflammatory effects in OA. GMGHT might be an alternative therapeutic treatment for OA.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Arthritis, Experimental/chemically induced
- Arthritis, Experimental/enzymology
- Arthritis, Experimental/pathology
- Arthritis, Experimental/prevention & control
- Cartilage, Articular/drug effects
- Cartilage, Articular/enzymology
- Cartilage, Articular/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Chondrocytes/drug effects
- Chondrocytes/enzymology
- Chondrocytes/pathology
- Collagen Type II/metabolism
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Humans
- Inflammation Mediators/metabolism
- Iodoacetic Acid
- Joints/drug effects
- Joints/enzymology
- Joints/pathology
- Male
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 1/metabolism
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 13/metabolism
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 3/metabolism
- Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Matrix Metalloproteinases, Secreted/antagonists & inhibitors
- Matrix Metalloproteinases, Secreted/genetics
- Matrix Metalloproteinases, Secreted/metabolism
- Osteoarthritis/chemically induced
- Osteoarthritis/enzymology
- Osteoarthritis/pathology
- Osteoarthritis/prevention & control
- Plant Extracts/pharmacology
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Hye Kim
- Department of Convergence Korean Medical Science, College of Korean Medicine, Comorbidity Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - La Yoon Choi
- Department of Convergence Korean Medical Science, College of Korean Medicine, Comorbidity Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Seok Ahn
- Department of Convergence Korean Medical Science, College of Korean Medicine, Comorbidity Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Young Um
- Department of Convergence Korean Medical Science, College of Korean Medicine, Comorbidity Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Geun Lee
- Department of Convergence Korean Medical Science, College of Korean Medicine, Comorbidity Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Hyun Hahm
- College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woong Mo Yang
- Department of Convergence Korean Medical Science, College of Korean Medicine, Comorbidity Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Rai MF, Sandell LJ, Barrack TN, Cai L, Tycksen ED, Tang SY, Silva MJ, Barrack RL. A Microarray Study of Articular Cartilage in Relation to Obesity and Severity of Knee Osteoarthritis. Cartilage 2020; 11:458-472. [PMID: 30173558 PMCID: PMC7488940 DOI: 10.1177/1947603518796122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To query the transcript-level changes in the medial and lateral tibial plateau cartilage in tandem with obesity in patients with end-stage osteoarthritis (OA). DESIGN Cartilage was obtained from 23 patients (20 obese [body mass index > 30 kg/m2], 3 overweight [body mass index < 30 kg/m2]) at the time of total knee replacement. Cartilage integrity was assessed using Outerbridge scale, while radiographic changes were scored on preoperative X-rays using Kellgren-Lawrence (K-L) classification. RNA was probed for differentially expressed transcripts between medial and lateral compartments using Affymetrix Gene 2.0 ST Array and validated via real-time polymerase chain reaction. Gene ontology and pathway analyses were also queried. RESULTS Scoring of cartilage integrity by the Outerbridge scale indicated that the medial and lateral compartments were similar, while scoring by the K-L classification indicated that the medial compartment was more severely damaged than the lateral compartment. We observed a distinct transcript profile with >50% of transcripts unique between medial and lateral compartments. MMP13 and COL2A1 were more highly expressed in medial versus lateral compartment. Polymerase chain reaction confirmed expression of 4 differentially expressed transcripts. Numerous transcripts, biological processes, and pathways were significantly different between overweight and obese patients with a differential response of obesity on medial and lateral compartments. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support molecular differences between medial and lateral compartments reflective of the greater severity of OA in the medial compartment. The K-L system better reflected the molecular results than did the Outerbridge. Moreover, the molecular effect of obesity was different between the medial and lateral compartments of the same knee plausibly reflecting the molecular effects of differential biomechanical loading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Farooq Rai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Musculoskeletal Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine at Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA,Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine at Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA,Muhammad Farooq Rai, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Musculoskeletal Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine at Barnes Jewish Hospital, MS 8233, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - Linda J. Sandell
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Musculoskeletal Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine at Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA,Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine at Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University School of Engineering & Applied Science, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Toby N. Barrack
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Musculoskeletal Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine at Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Lei Cai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Musculoskeletal Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine at Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Eric D. Tycksen
- Genome Technology Access Center, Washington University School of Medicine at Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Simon Y. Tang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Musculoskeletal Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine at Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University School of Engineering & Applied Science, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Matthew J. Silva
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Musculoskeletal Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine at Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University School of Engineering & Applied Science, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Robert L. Barrack
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Musculoskeletal Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine at Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
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16
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Qi X, Yu F, Wen Y, Li P, Cheng B, Ma M, Cheng S, Zhang L, Liang C, Liu L, Zhang F. Integration of transcriptome-wide association study and messenger RNA expression profile to identify genes associated with osteoarthritis. Bone Joint Res 2020; 9:130-138. [PMID: 32435465 PMCID: PMC7229301 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.93.bjr-2019-0137.r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent joint disease. However, the specific and definitive genetic mechanisms of OA are still unclear. Methods Tissue-related transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS) of hip OA and knee OA were performed utilizing the genome-wide association study (GWAS) data of hip OA and knee OA (including 2,396 hospital-diagnosed hip OA patients versus 9,593 controls, and 4,462 hospital-diagnosed knee OA patients versus 17,885 controls) and gene expression reference to skeletal muscle and blood. The OA-associated genes identified by TWAS were further compared with the differentially expressed genes detected by the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression profiles of hip OA and knee OA. Functional enrichment and annotation analysis of identified genes was performed by the DAVID and FUMAGWAS tools. Results We detected 33 common genes, eight common gene ontology (GO) terms, and one common pathway for hip OA, such as calcium and integrin-binding protein 1 (CIB1) (PTWAS = 0.025, FCmRNA = -1.575 for skeletal muscle), adrenomedullin (ADM) (PTWAS = 0.022, FCmRNA = -4.644 for blood), Golgi apparatus (PTWAS <0.001, PmRNA = 0.012 for blood), and phosphatidylinositol 3' -kinase-protein kinase B (PI3K-Akt) signalling pathway (PTWAS = 0.033, PmRNA = 0.005 for blood). For knee OA, we detected 24 common genes, eight common GO terms, and two common pathways, such as histocompatibility complex, class II, DR beta 1 (HLA-DRB1) (PTWAS = 0.040, FCmRNA = 4.062 for skeletal muscle), Follistatin-like 1 (FSTL1) (PTWAS = 0.048, FCmRNA = 3.000 for blood), cytoplasm (PTWAS < 0.001, PmRNA = 0.005 for blood), and complement and coagulation cascades (PTWAS = 0.017, PmRNA = 0.001 for skeletal muscle). Conclusion We identified a group of OA-associated genes and pathways, providing novel clues for understanding the genetic mechanism of OA. Cite this article:Bone Joint Res. 2020;9(3):130–138.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Qi
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fangfang Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yan Wen
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ping Li
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bolun Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shiqiang Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chujun Liang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Li Liu
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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17
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Li XZ, Huang HJ, Zhang SN, Liu Q, Wang YM. Label-free quantitative proteomics positions the effects and mechanisms of Herba Lysimachiae on synovial diseases based on biolabel-led research pattern. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2020; 1138:121969. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2020.121969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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18
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Kania K, Colella F, Riemen AHK, Wang H, Howard KA, Aigner T, Dell'Accio F, Capellini TD, Roelofs AJ, De Bari C. Regulation of Gdf5 expression in joint remodelling, repair and osteoarthritis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:157. [PMID: 31932746 PMCID: PMC6957535 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-57011-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth and Differentiation Factor 5 (GDF5) is a key risk locus for osteoarthritis (OA). However, little is known regarding regulation of Gdf5 expression following joint tissue damage. Here, we employed Gdf5-LacZ reporter mouse lines to assess the spatiotemporal activity of Gdf5 regulatory sequences in experimental OA following destabilisation of the medial meniscus (DMM) and after acute cartilage injury and repair. Gdf5 expression was upregulated in articular cartilage post-DMM, and was increased in human OA cartilage as determined by immunohistochemistry and microarray analysis. Gdf5 expression was also upregulated during cartilage repair in mice and was switched on in injured synovium in prospective areas of cartilage formation, where it inversely correlated with expression of the transcriptional co-factor Yes-associated protein (Yap). Indeed, overexpression of Yap suppressed Gdf5 expression in chondroprogenitors in vitro. Gdf5 expression in both mouse injury models required regulatory sequence downstream of Gdf5 coding exons. Our findings suggest that Gdf5 upregulation in articular cartilage and synovium is a generic response to knee injury that is dependent on downstream regulatory sequence and in progenitors is associated with chondrogenic specification. We propose a role for Gdf5 in tissue remodelling and repair after injury, which may partly underpin its association with OA risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Kania
- Arthritis and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Aberdeen Centre for Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Health, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Fabio Colella
- Arthritis and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Aberdeen Centre for Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Health, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Anna H K Riemen
- Arthritis and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Aberdeen Centre for Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Health, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Hui Wang
- Arthritis and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Aberdeen Centre for Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Health, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Kenneth A Howard
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Thomas Aigner
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, Medical Center Coburg, Coburg, Germany
| | - Francesco Dell'Accio
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Terence D Capellini
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Anke J Roelofs
- Arthritis and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Aberdeen Centre for Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Health, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Cosimo De Bari
- Arthritis and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Aberdeen Centre for Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Health, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.
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19
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Choi MC, Jo J, Park J, Kang HK, Park Y. NF-κB Signaling Pathways in Osteoarthritic Cartilage Destruction. Cells 2019; 8:cells8070734. [PMID: 31319599 PMCID: PMC6678954 DOI: 10.3390/cells8070734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 300] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a type of joint disease associated with wear and tear, inflammation, and aging. Mechanical stress along with synovial inflammation promotes the degradation of the extracellular matrix in the cartilage, leading to the breakdown of joint cartilage. The nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) transcription factor has long been recognized as a disease-contributing factor and, thus, has become a therapeutic target for OA. Because NF-κB is a versatile and multi-functional transcription factor involved in various biological processes, a comprehensive understanding of the functions or regulation of NF-κB in the OA pathology will aid in the development of targeted therapeutic strategies to protect the cartilage from OA damage and reduce the risk of potential side-effects. In this review, we discuss the roles of NF-κB in OA chondrocytes and related signaling pathways, including recent findings, to better understand pathological cartilage remodeling and provide potential therapeutic targets that can interfere with NF-κB signaling for OA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon-Chang Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea.
| | - Jiwon Jo
- Department of Biomedical Science, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea
| | - Jonggwan Park
- Department of Bioinformatics, Kongju National University, Kongju 38065, Korea
| | - Hee Kyoung Kang
- Department of Biomedical Science, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea
| | - Yoonkyung Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea.
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20
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Lepetsos P, Papavassiliou KA, Papavassiliou AG. Redox and NF-κB signaling in osteoarthritis. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 132:90-100. [PMID: 30236789 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Human cells have to deal with the constant production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Although ROS overproduction might be harmful to cell biology, there are plenty of data showing that moderate levels of ROS control gene expression by maintaining redox signaling. Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disorder with a multi-factorial etiology including overproduction of ROS. ROS overproduction in OA modifies intracellular signaling, chondrocyte life cycle, metabolism of cartilage matrix and contributes to synovial inflammation and dysfunction of the subchondral bone. In arthritic tissues, the NF-κB signaling pathway can be activated by pro-inflammatory cytokines, mechanical stress, and extracellular matrix degradation products. This activation results in regulation of expression of many cytokines, inflammatory mediators, transcription factors, and several matrix-degrading enzymes. Overall, NF-κB signaling affects cartilage matrix remodeling, chondrocyte apoptosis, synovial inflammation, and has indirect stimulatory effects on downstream regulators of terminal chondrocyte differentiation. Interaction between redox signaling and NF-κB transcription factors seems to play a distinctive role in OA pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Lepetsos
- Fourth Department of Orthopaedics & Trauma, 'KAT' General Hospital, Kifissia, 14561 Athens, Greece
| | - Kostas A Papavassiliou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 M. Asias Street, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Athanasios G Papavassiliou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 M. Asias Street, 11527 Athens, Greece.
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21
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de Kroon LMG, van den Akker GGH, Brachvogel B, Narcisi R, Belluoccio D, Jenner F, Bateman JF, Little CB, Brama PAJ, Blaney Davidson EN, van der Kraan PM, van Osch GJVM. Identification of TGFβ-related genes regulated in murine osteoarthritis and chondrocyte hypertrophy by comparison of multiple microarray datasets. Bone 2018; 116:67-77. [PMID: 30010080 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2018.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint disease characterized by progressive degeneration of articular cartilage. Some features of OA, including chondrocyte hypertrophy and focal calcification of articular cartilage, resemble the endochondral ossification processes. Alterations in transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) signaling have been associated with OA as well as with chondrocyte hypertrophy. Our aim was to identify novel candidate genes implicated in chondrocyte hypertrophy during OA pathogenesis by determining which TGFβ-related genes are regulated during murine OA and endochondral ossification. METHODS A list of 580 TGFβ-related genes, including TGFβ signaling pathway components and TGFβ-target genes, was generated. Regulation of these TGFβ-related genes was assessed in a microarray of murine OA cartilage: 1, 2 and 6 weeks after destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM). Subsequently, genes regulated in the DMM model were studied in two independent murine microarray datasets on endochondral ossification: the growth plate and transient embryonic cartilage (joint development). RESULTS A total of 106 TGFβ-related genes were differentially expressed in articular cartilage of DMM-operated mice compared to sham-control. From these genes, 43 were similarly regulated during chondrocyte hypertrophy in the growth plate or embryonic joint development. Among these 43 genes, 18 genes have already been associated with OA. The remaining 25 genes were considered as novel candidate genes involved in OA pathogenesis and endochondral ossification. In supplementary data of published human OA microarrays we found indications that 15 of the 25 novel genes are indeed regulated in articular cartilage of human OA patients. CONCLUSION By focusing on TGFβ-related genes during OA and chondrocyte hypertrophy in mice, we identified 18 known and 25 new candidate genes potentially implicated in phenotypical changes in chondrocytes leading to OA. We propose that 15 of these candidates warrant further investigation as therapeutic target for OA as they are also regulated in articular cartilage of OA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurie M G de Kroon
- Department of Rheumatology, Experimental Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Orthopedics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Guus G H van den Akker
- Department of Rheumatology, Experimental Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Bent Brachvogel
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Experimental Neonatology, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Roberto Narcisi
- Department of Orthopedics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Daniele Belluoccio
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Florien Jenner
- Equine University Hospital, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria.
| | - John F Bateman
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Christopher B Little
- Raymond Purves Bone and Joint Research Laboratories, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Pieter A J Brama
- Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Esmeralda N Blaney Davidson
- Department of Rheumatology, Experimental Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Peter M van der Kraan
- Department of Rheumatology, Experimental Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Gerjo J V M van Osch
- Department of Orthopedics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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22
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Singh P, Marcu KB, Goldring MB, Otero M. Phenotypic instability of chondrocytes in osteoarthritis: on a path to hypertrophy. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2018; 1442:17-34. [PMID: 30008181 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Articular chondrocytes are quiescent, fully differentiated cells responsible for the homeostasis of adult articular cartilage by maintaining cellular survival functions and the fine-tuned balance between anabolic and catabolic functions. This balance requires phenotypic stability that is lost in osteoarthritis (OA), a disease that affects and involves all joint tissues and especially impacts articular cartilage structural integrity. In OA, articular chondrocytes respond to the accumulation of injurious biochemical and biomechanical insults by shifting toward a degradative and hypertrophy-like state, involving abnormal matrix production and increased aggrecanase and collagenase activities. Hypertrophy is a necessary, transient developmental stage in growth plate chondrocytes that culminates in bone formation; in OA, however, chondrocyte hypertrophy is catastrophic and it is believed to initiate and perpetuate a cascade of events that ultimately result in permanent cartilage damage. Emphasizing changes in DNA methylation status and alterations in NF-κB signaling in OA, this review summarizes the data from the literature highlighting the loss of phenotypic stability and the hypertrophic differentiation of OA chondrocytes as central contributing factors to OA pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purva Singh
- HSS Research Institute, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York
| | - Kenneth B Marcu
- Biochemistry and Cell Biology Department, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Mary B Goldring
- HSS Research Institute, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medical College and Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, New York
| | - Miguel Otero
- HSS Research Institute, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York
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23
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Zhang X, Bu Y, Zhu B, Zhao Q, Lv Z, Li B, Liu J. Global transcriptome analysis to identify critical genes involved in the pathology of osteoarthritis. Bone Joint Res 2018; 7:298-307. [PMID: 29922448 PMCID: PMC5987685 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.74.bjr-2017-0245.r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to identify key pathological genes in osteoarthritis (OA). Methods We searched and downloaded mRNA expression data from the Gene Expression Omnibus database to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of joint synovial tissues from OA and normal individuals. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were used to assess the function of identified DEGs. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and transcriptional factors (TFs) regulatory network were used to further explore the function of identified DEGs. The quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was applied to validate the result of bioinformatics analysis. Electronic validation was performed to verify the expression of selected DEGs. The diagnosis value of identified DEGs was accessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Results A total of 1085 DEGs were identified. KEGG pathway analysis displayed that Wnt was a significantly enriched signalling pathway. Some hub genes with high interactions such as USP46, CPVL, FKBP5, FOSL2, GADD45B, PTGS1, and ZNF423 were identified in the PPI and TFs network. The results of qRT-PCR showed that GADD45B, ADAMTS1, and TFAM were down-regulated in joint synovial tissues of OA, which was consistent with the bioinformatics analysis. The expression levels of USP46, CPVL, FOSL2, and PTGS1 in electronic validation were compatible with the bio-informatics result. CPVL and TFAM had a potential diagnostic value for OA based on the ROC analysis. Conclusion The deregulated genes including USP46, CPVL, FKBP5, FOSL2, GADD45B, PTGS1, ZNF423, ADAMTS1, and TFAM might be involved in the pathology of OA. Cite this article: X. Zhang, Y. Bu, B. Zhu, Q. Zhao, Z. Lv, B. Li, J. Liu. Global transcriptome analysis to identify critical genes involved in the pathology of osteoarthritis. Bone Joint Res 2018;7:298–307. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.74.BJR-2017-0245.R1.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Zhang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Y Bu
- Department of Joint Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - B Zhu
- Department of Sports Medicine and Arthroscopic Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Q Zhao
- College of Clinical Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Z Lv
- College of Clinical Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - B Li
- Department of Joint Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - J Liu
- Department of Joint Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China
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24
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Ripmeester EGJ, Timur UT, Caron MMJ, Welting TJM. Recent Insights into the Contribution of the Changing Hypertrophic Chondrocyte Phenotype in the Development and Progression of Osteoarthritis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2018; 6:18. [PMID: 29616218 PMCID: PMC5867295 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2018.00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is an extremely prevalent age-related condition. The economic and societal burden due to the cost of symptomatic treatment, inability to work, joint replacement, and rehabilitation is huge and increasing. Currently, there are no effective medical therapies that delay or reverse the pathological manifestations of OA. Current treatment options are, without exception, focused on slowing down progression of the disease to postpone total joint replacement surgery for as long as possible and keeping the associated pain and joint immobility manageable. Alterations in the articular cartilage chondrocyte phenotype might be fundamental in the pathological mechanisms of OA development. In many ways, the changing chondrocyte phenotype in osteoarthritic cartilage resembles the process of endochondral ossification as seen, for instance, in developing growth plates. However, the relative contribution of endochondral ossification to the changing chondrocyte phenotype in the development and progression of OA remains poorly described. In this review, we will discuss the current knowledge regarding the cartilage endochondral phenotypic changes occurring during OA development and progression, as well as the molecular and environmental effectors driving these changes. Understanding how these molecular mechanisms determine the chondrocyte cell fate in OA will be essential in enabling cartilage regenerative approaches in future treatments of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen G J Ripmeester
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Ufuk Tan Timur
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Marjolein M J Caron
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Tim J M Welting
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
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25
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Budd E, de Andrés MC, Sanchez-Elsner T, Oreffo ROC. MiR-146b is down-regulated during the chondrogenic differentiation of human bone marrow derived skeletal stem cells and up-regulated in osteoarthritis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:46704. [PMID: 28436462 PMCID: PMC5402270 DOI: 10.1038/srep46704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Articular cartilage injury can result in chondrocyte loss and diminishment of specialised extracellular matrix, which can progress to an osteoarthritic (OA) phenotype. Stem cells have emerged as a favourable approach for articular cartilage regeneration. Identification of miRNAs which influence stem cell fate offers new approaches for application of miRNAs to regenerate articular cartilage. Skeletal stem cells (SSCs) isolated from human bone marrow were cultured as high density micromass' using TGF-β3 to induce chondrogenesis. qPCR and TaqMan qPCR were used to assess chondrogenic gene and miRNA expression. Target prediction algorithms identified potential targets of miR-146b. Transient transfection with miR-146b mimic and western blotting was used to analyse SOX5. Human OA articular chondrocytes were examined for miR-146b expression. Chondrogenic differentiation of human bone marrow derived SSCs resulted in significant down-regulation of miR-146b. Gain of miR-146b function resulted in down-regulation of SOX5. MiR-146b expression was up-regulated in OA chondrocytes. These findings demonstrate the functional role of miR-146b in the chondrogenic differentiation of human bone marrow derived SSCs. MiR-146b may play a role in the pathophysiology of OA. Application of miR-146b combined with stem cell therapy could enhance regeneration of cartilaginous tissue and serve as a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Budd
- Bone and Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Developmental, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - María C. de Andrés
- Bone and Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Developmental, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Tilman Sanchez-Elsner
- Junk RNA group, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Richard O. C. Oreffo
- Bone and Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Developmental, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
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26
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Quantitative proteomics analysis of cartilage response to mechanical injury and cytokine treatment. Matrix Biol 2016; 63:11-22. [PMID: 27988350 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2016.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical damage at the time of joint injury and the ensuing inflammatory response associated with elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the synovial fluid, are reported to contribute to the progression to osteoarthritis after injury. In this exploratory study, we used a targeted proteomics approach to follow the progression of matrix degradation in response to mechanical damage and cytokine treatment of human knee cartilage explants, and thereby to study potential molecular biomarkers. This proteomics approach allowed us to unambiguously identify and quantify multiple peptides and proteins in the cartilage medium and explants upon treatment with ±injurious compression ±cytokines, treatments that mimic the earliest events in post-traumatic OA. We followed degradation of different protein domains, e.g., G1/G2/G3 of aggrecan, by measuring representative peptides of matrix proteins released into the medium at 7 time points throughout the 21-day culture period. COMP neo-epitopes, which were previously identified in the synovial fluid of knee injury/OA patients, were also released by these human cartilage explants treated with cyt and cyt+inj. The absence of collagen pro-peptides and elevated levels of specific COMP and COL3A1 neo-epitopes after human knee trauma may be relevant as potential biomarkers for post-traumatic OA. This model system thereby enables study of the kinetics of cartilage degradation and the identification of biomarkers within cartilage explants and those released to culture medium. Discovery proteomics revealed that candidate proteases were identified after specific treatment conditions, including MMP1, MMP-3, MMP-10 and MMP-13.
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27
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Ge X, Ritter SY, Tsang K, Shi R, Takei K, Aliprantis AO. Sex-Specific Protection of Osteoarthritis by Deleting Cartilage Acid Protein 1. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159157. [PMID: 27415616 PMCID: PMC4945026 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cartilage acidic protein 1 (CRTAC1) was recently identified as an elevated protein in the synovial fluid of patients with osteoarthritis (OA) by a proteomic analysis. This gene is also upregulated in both human and mouse OA by transcriptomic analysis. The objective of this study was to characterize the expression and function of CRTAC1 in OA. Here, we first confirm the increase of CRTAC1 in cartilage biopsies from OA patients undergoing joint replacement by real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, we report that proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1beta and tumor necrosis factor alpha upregulate CRTAC1 expression in primary human articular chondrocytes and synovial fibroblasts. Genetic deletion of Crtac1 in mice significantly inhibited cartilage degradation, osteophyte formation and gait abnormalities of post-traumatic OA in female, but not male, animals undergoing the destabilization of medial meniscus (DMM) surgery. Taken together, CRTAC1 is upregulated in the osteoarthritic joint and directly induced in chondrocytes and synovial fibroblasts by pro-inflammatory cytokines. This molecule is necessary for the progression of OA in female mice after DMM surgery and thus represents a potential therapy for this prevalent disease, especially for women who demonstrate higher rates and more severe OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianpeng Ge
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Susan Y. Ritter
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Kelly Tsang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Ruirui Shi
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Kohtaro Takei
- Molecular Medical Bioscience Laboratory, Department of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Antonios O. Aliprantis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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28
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Bomer N, den Hollander W, Ramos YFM, Meulenbelt I. Translating genomics into mechanisms of disease: Osteoarthritis. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2016; 29:683-91. [PMID: 27107506 DOI: 10.1016/j.berh.2016.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common age-related arthritic disorder and is characterized by aberrant extracellular matrix (ECM) content and surface disruptions that range from fibrillation, clefting and delamination, leading to articular surface erosion. Worldwide, over 20% of the population is affected with OA and 80% of these patients have limitations in movement, whereas 25% experience inhibition in major daily activities of life. OA is the most common disabling arthritic disease; nevertheless, no disease-modifying treatment is available except for the expensive total joint replacement surgery at end-stage disease. Lack of insight into the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of OA has considerably contributed to the inability of the scientific community to develop disease-modifying drugs. To overcome this critical barrier, focus should be on translation of identified robust gene deviations towards the underlying biological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Bomer
- Dept. Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Section Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, LUMC Post-zone S-05-P, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Wouter den Hollander
- Dept. Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Section Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, LUMC Post-zone S-05-P, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Yolande F M Ramos
- Dept. Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Section Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, LUMC Post-zone S-05-P, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Ingrid Meulenbelt
- Dept. Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Section Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, LUMC Post-zone S-05-P, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.
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29
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Bomer N, Cornelis FMF, Ramos YFM, den Hollander W, Storms L, van der Breggen R, Lakenberg N, Slagboom PE, Meulenbelt I, Lories RJL. The effect of forced exercise on knee joints in Dio2(-/-) mice: type II iodothyronine deiodinase-deficient mice are less prone to develop OA-like cartilage damage upon excessive mechanical stress. Ann Rheum Dis 2016; 75:571-7. [PMID: 25550340 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-206608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To further explore deiodinase iodothyronine type 2 (DIO2) as a therapeutic target in osteoarthritis (OA) by studying the effects of forced mechanical loading on in vivo joint cartilage tissue homeostasis and the modulating effect herein of Dio2 deficiency. METHODS Wild-type and C57BL/6-Dio2(-/-) -mice were subjected to a forced running regime for 1 h per day for 3 weeks. Severity of OA was assessed by histological scoring for cartilage damage and synovitis. Genome-wide gene expression was determined in knee cartilage by microarray analysis (Illumina MouseWG-6 v2). STRING-db analyses were applied to determine enrichment for specific pathways and to visualise protein-protein interactions. RESULTS In total, 158 probes representing 147 unique genes showed significantly differential expression with a fold-change ≥1.5 upon forced exercise. Among these are genes known for their association with OA (eg, Mef2c, Egfr, Ctgf, Prg4 and Ctnnb1), supporting the use of forced running as an OA model in mice. Dio2-deficient mice showed significantly less cartilage damage and signs of synovitis. Gene expression response upon exercise between wild-type and knockout mice was significantly different for 29 genes. CONCLUSIONS Mice subjected to a running regime have significant increased cartilage damage and synovitis scores. Lack of Dio2 protected against cartilage damage in this model and was reflected in a specific gene expression profile, and either mark a favourable effect in the Dio2 knockout (eg, Gnas) or an unfavourable effect in wild-type cartilage homeostasis (eg, Hmbg2 and Calr). These data further support DIO2 activity as a therapeutic target in OA.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cartilage, Articular/metabolism
- Cartilage, Articular/pathology
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Iodide Peroxidase/genetics
- Knee Joint/metabolism
- Knee Joint/pathology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
- Osteoarthritis, Knee/genetics
- Osteoarthritis, Knee/metabolism
- Osteoarthritis, Knee/pathology
- Physical Conditioning, Animal
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Stress, Mechanical
- Iodothyronine Deiodinase Type II
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Bomer
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, LUMC, Leiden, The Netherlands Integrated Research of Developmental Determinants of Ageing and Longevity (IDEAL), Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Frederique M F Cornelis
- Laboratory of Tissue Homeostasis and Disease, Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Centre, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | - Lies Storms
- Laboratory of Tissue Homeostasis and Disease, Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Centre, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Nico Lakenberg
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, LUMC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - P Eline Slagboom
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, LUMC, Leiden, The Netherlands Integrated Research of Developmental Determinants of Ageing and Longevity (IDEAL), Leiden, Netherlands The Netherlands Genomics Initiative, sponsored by the NCHA, Leiden-Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ingrid Meulenbelt
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, LUMC, Leiden, The Netherlands The Netherlands Genomics Initiative, sponsored by the NCHA, Leiden-Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rik J L Lories
- Laboratory of Tissue Homeostasis and Disease, Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Centre, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium Division of Rheumatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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30
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Detecting new microRNAs in human osteoarthritic chondrocytes identifies miR-3085 as a human, chondrocyte-selective, microRNA. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2016; 24:534-43. [PMID: 26497608 PMCID: PMC4769094 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2015.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Revised: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To use deep sequencing to identify novel microRNAs (miRNAs) in human osteoarthritic cartilage which have a functional role in chondrocyte phenotype or function. DESIGN A small RNA library was prepared from human osteoarthritic primary chondrocytes using in-house adaptors and analysed by Illumina sequencing. Novel candidate miRNAs were validated by northern blot and qRT-PCR. Expression was measured in cartilage models. Targets of novel candidates were identified by microarray and computational analysis, validated using 3'-UTR-luciferase reporter plasmids. Protein levels were assessed by western blot and functional analysis by cell adhesion. RESULTS We identified 990 known miRNAs and 1621 potential novel miRNAs in human osteoarthritic chondrocytes, 60 of the latter were expressed in all samples assayed. MicroRNA-140-3p was the most highly expressed microRNA in osteoarthritic cartilage. Sixteen novel candidate miRNAs were analysed further, of which six remained after northern blot analysis. Three novel miRNAs were regulated across models of chondrogenesis, chondrocyte differentiation or cartilage injury. One sequence (novel #11), annotated in rodents as microRNA-3085-3p, was preferentially expressed in cartilage, dependent on chondrocyte differentiation and, in man, is located in an intron of the cartilage-expressed gene CRTAC-1. This microRNA was shown to target the ITGA5 gene directly (which encodes integrin alpha5) and inhibited adhesion to fibronectin (dependent on alpha5beta1 integrin). CONCLUSION Deep sequencing has uncovered many potential microRNA candidates expressed in human cartilage. At least three of these show potential functional interest in cartilage homeostasis and osteoarthritis (OA). Particularly, novel #11 (microRNA-3085-3p) which has been identified for the first time in man.
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Gee F, Rushton MD, Loughlin J, Reynard LN. Correlation of the osteoarthritis susceptibility variants that map to chromosome 20q13 with an expression quantitative trait locus operating on NCOA3 and with functional variation at the polymorphism rs116855380. Arthritis Rheumatol 2016. [PMID: 26211391 PMCID: PMC4832313 DOI: 10.1002/art.39278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective To functionally characterize the osteoarthritis (OA) susceptibility variants that map to a region of high linkage disequilibrium (LD) on chromosome 20q13 marked by the single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs6094710 and encompassing NCOA3 and SULF2. Methods Nucleic acids were extracted from the cartilage of OA patients. Overall and allelic expression of NCOA3 and SULF2 were measured by quantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction and pyrosequencing, respectively. The functional effect of SNPs within the 20q13 locus was assessed in vitro using luciferase reporter constructs and electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs). The in vivo effect of nuclear receptor coactivator 3 (NCOA3) protein depletion on primary human OA articular cartilage chondrocytes was assessed using RNA interference. Results Expression of NCOA3 correlated with the genotype at rs6094710 (P = 0.006), and the gene demonstrated allelic expression imbalance (AEI) in individuals heterozygous for the SNP (mean AEI 1.21; P < 0.0001). In both instances, expression of the OA‐associated allele was reduced. In addition, there was reduced enhancer activity of the OA‐associated allele of rs116855380, a SNP in perfect LD with rs6094710 in luciferase assays (P < 0.001). EMSAs demonstrated a protein complex binding with reduced affinity to this allele. Depletion of NCOA3 led to significant changes (all P < 0.05) in the expression of genes involved in cartilage homeostasis. Conclusion NCOA3 is subject to a cis‐acting expression quantitative trait locus in articular cartilage, which correlates with the OA association signal and with the OA‐associated allele of the functional SNP rs116855380, a SNP that is located only 10.3 kb upstream of NCOA3. These findings elucidate the effect of the association of the 20q13 region on OA cartilage and provide compelling evidence of a potentially causal candidate SNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Gee
- Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Fei Q, Lin J, Meng H, Wang B, Yang Y, Wang Q, Su N, Li J, Li D. Identification of upstream regulators for synovial expression signature genes in osteoarthritis. Joint Bone Spine 2016; 83:545-51. [PMID: 26832188 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2015.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The detection of transcription factors (TFs) for OA signature genes provides better clues to the underlying regulatory mechanisms and therapeutic applications. METHODS We searched GEO database for synovial expression profiling from different OA microarray studies to perform a systematic analysis. Functional annotation of DEGs was conducted, including gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis. Based on motif databases and the results from integrated analysis of current gene expression data, a global transcriptional regulatory network was constructed, and the upstream TFs were identified for OA signature genes. RESULTS Six GEO datasets were obtained. Totally, 805 genes across the studies were consistently differentially expressed in OA (469 up-regulated and 336 down-regulated genes) with FDR≤0.01. Supporting an involvement of ECM in the development of OA, we showed that ECM-receptor interaction was the most significant pathway in our KEGG analysis (P=5.92E-12). Sixty-one differentially expressed TFs were identified with FDR≤0.05. The constructed OA-specific regulatory networks consisted of 648 TF-target interactions between 51 TFs and 429 DEGs in the context of OA. The top 10 TFs covering the most downstream DEGs were identified as crucial TFs involved in the development of OA, including ARID3A, NFIC, ZNF354C, NR4A2, BRCA1, EHF, FOXL1, FOXC1, EGR1, and HOXA5. CONCLUSION This integrated analysis has identified the OA signature, providing clues to pathogenesis of OA at the molecular level, which may be also used as diagnostic markers for OA. Some crucial upstream regulators, such as NR4A2, EHF, and EGR1 may be considered as potential new therapeutic targets for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Fei
- Department of Orthopaedics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95, Yong'an Road, Beijing 100050, China
| | - JiSheng Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95, Yong'an Road, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Hai Meng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95, Yong'an Road, Beijing 100050, China
| | - BingQiang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95, Yong'an Road, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95, Yong'an Road, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95, Yong'an Road, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Nan Su
- Department of Orthopaedics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95, Yong'an Road, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jinjun Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95, Yong'an Road, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95, Yong'an Road, Beijing 100050, China.
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Shimada H, Otero M, Tsuchimochi K, Yamasaki S, Sakakima H, Matsuda F, Sakasegawa M, Setoguchi T, Xu L, Goldring MB, Tanimoto A, Komiya S, Ijiri K. CCAAT/enhancer binding protein β (C/EBPβ) regulates the transcription of growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein 45 β (GADD45β) in articular chondrocytes. Pathol Res Pract 2016; 212:302-9. [PMID: 26896926 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2016.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Revised: 01/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a whole joint disease characterized by cartilage degradation, which causes pain and disability in older adults. Our previous work showed that growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein 45 β (GADD45β) is upregulated in chondrocyte clusters in OA cartilage, especially in the early stage of this disease. CCAAT/enhancer binding protein β (C/EBPβ) is expressed in the hypertrophic growth plate chondrocytes and functions in synergy with GADD45β. Here, the presence and localization of these proteins was assessed by immunohistochemistry using articular cartilage from OA patients, revealing colocalization of C/EBPβ and GADD45β in OA chondrocytes. GADD45β promoter analysis was performed to determine whether C/EBPβ directly regulates GADD45β transcription. Furthermore, we analyzed the effect of C/EBPβ on Gadd45β gene regulation in articular chondrocytes in vivo and in vitro. Immunohistochemical analysis of C/ebpβ-haploinsufficient mice (C/ebpβ(+/-)) cartilage showed that C/ebpβ haploinsufficiency led to reduced Gadd45β gene expression in these cells. In vitro, we evaluated the effects of conditional C/EBPβ overexpression driven by the cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (Comp) promoter in mComp-tTA;pTRE-Tight-BI-DsRed-mC/ebpβ transgenic mice. C/EBPβ overexpression significantly stimulated Gadd45β gene expression in articular chondrocytes. Taken together, our data demonstrate that C/EBPβ plays a central role in controlling Gadd45β gene expression in these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirofumi Shimada
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.
| | - Miguel Otero
- Laboratory for Cartilage Biology, Research Division, Hospital for Special Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kaneyuki Tsuchimochi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan; Onga Nakama Medical Association, Onga Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yamasaki
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Harutoshi Sakakima
- Course of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Fumiyo Matsuda
- Course of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Megumi Sakasegawa
- Course of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Takao Setoguchi
- The Near-Future Locomotor Organ Medicine Creation Course (Kusunoki Kai), Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Lin Xu
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine And Faculty of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mary B Goldring
- Laboratory for Cartilage Biology, Research Division, Hospital for Special Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Akihide Tanimoto
- Department of Human Pathology, Field of Oncology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Setsuro Komiya
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kosei Ijiri
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
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Hu Z, Yik J, Cissell D, Michelier P, Athanasiou K, Haudenschild D, Haudenschild DR. Inhibition of CDK9 prevents mechanical injury-induced inflammation, apoptosis and matrix degradation in cartilage explants. Eur Cell Mater 2016; 30:200-9. [PMID: 26859911 PMCID: PMC4750484 DOI: 10.22203/ecm.v030a14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Joint injury often leads to post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). Acute injury responses to trauma induce production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and catabolic enzymes, which promote chondrocyte apoptosis and degrade cartilage to potentiate PTOA development. Recent studies show that the rate-limiting step for transcriptional activation of injury response genes is controlled by cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9), and thus it is an attractive target for limiting the injury response. Here, we determined the effects of CDK9 inhibition in suppressing the injury response in mechanically-injured cartilage explants. Bovine cartilage explants were injured by a single compressive load of 30 % strain at 100 %/s, and then treated with the CDK9 inhibitor Flavopiridol. To assess acute injury responses, we measured the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, catabolic enzymes, and apoptotic genes by RT-PCR, and chondrocyte viability and apoptosis by TUNEL staining. For long-term outcome, cartilage matrix degradation was assessed by soluble glycosaminoglycan release, and by determining the mechanical properties with instantaneous and relaxation moduli. Our data showed CDK9 inhibitor markedly reduced injury-induced inflammatory cytokine and catabolic gene expression. CDK9 inhibitor also attenuated chondrocyte apoptosis and reduced cartilage matrix degradation. Lastly, the mechanical properties of the injured explants were preserved by CDK9 inhibitor. Our results provide a temporal profile connecting the chain of events from mechanical impact, acute injury responses, to the subsequent induction of chondrocyte apoptosis and cartilage matrix deterioration. Thus, CDK9 is a potential disease-modifying agent for injury response after knee trauma to prevent or delay PTOA development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z. Hu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016 PR China,University of California Davis, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Lawrence J. Ellison Musculoskeletal Research Center, Research Building 1 Suite 2000, 4635 Second Avenue, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - J.H.N. Yik
- University of California Davis, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Lawrence J. Ellison Musculoskeletal Research Center, Research Building 1 Suite 2000, 4635 Second Avenue, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - D.D. Cissell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95618, USA
| | - P.V. Michelier
- University of California Davis, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Lawrence J. Ellison Musculoskeletal Research Center, Research Building 1 Suite 2000, 4635 Second Avenue, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - K.A. Athanasiou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016 PR China,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95618, USA
| | - D.R. Haudenschild
- University of California Davis, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Lawrence J. Ellison Musculoskeletal Research Center, Research Building 1 Suite 2000, 4635 Second Avenue, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA,Address for correspondence: Dominik R. Haudenschild, University of California Davis, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Lawrence J. Ellison Musculoskeletal Research Center, Research Building 1 Suite 2000, 4635 Second Avenue, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA, Tel: +1 916-734-5015, Fax: +1 916-734-5750,
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Olivotto E, Otero M, Marcu KB, Goldring MB. Pathophysiology of osteoarthritis: canonical NF-κB/IKKβ-dependent and kinase-independent effects of IKKα in cartilage degradation and chondrocyte differentiation. RMD Open 2015; 1:e000061. [PMID: 26557379 PMCID: PMC4632142 DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2015-000061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2015] [Revised: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), a whole-joint disease driven by abnormal biomechanics and attendant cell-derived and tissue-derived factors, is a rheumatic disease with the highest prevalence, representing a severe health burden with a tremendous economic impact. Members of the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) family orchestrate mechanical, inflammatory and oxidative stress-activated processes, thus representing a potential therapeutic target in OA disease. The two pivotal kinases, IκB kinase (IKK) α and IKKβ, activate NF-κB dimers that might translocate to the nucleus and regulate the expression of specific target genes involved in extracellular matrix remodelling and terminal differentiation of chondrocytes. IKKα, required for the activation of the so-called non-canonical pathway, has a number of NF-κB-independent and kinase-independent functions in vivo and in vitro, including controlling chondrocyte hypertrophic differentiation and collagenase activity. In this short review, we will discuss the role of NF-κB signalling in OA pathology, with emphasis on the functional effects of IKKα that are independent of its kinase activity and NF-κB activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Olivotto
- Laboratory RAMSES-Research, Innovation & Technology Department , Rizzoli Orthopedic Research Institute , Bologna , Italy
| | - Miguel Otero
- Research Division , Hospital for Special Surgery and Weill Cornell Medical College , New York , USA
| | - Kenneth B Marcu
- Biochemistry and Cell Biology Department , Stony Brook University , Stony Brook , USA
| | - Mary B Goldring
- Research Division , Hospital for Special Surgery and Weill Cornell Medical College , New York , USA
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Bomer N, den Hollander W, Ramos YFM, Bos SD, van der Breggen R, Lakenberg N, Pepers BA, van Eeden AE, Darvishan A, Tobi EW, Duijnisveld BJ, van den Akker EB, Heijmans BT, van Roon-Mom WMC, Verbeek FJ, van Osch GJVM, Nelissen RGHH, Slagboom PE, Meulenbelt I. Underlying molecular mechanisms of DIO2 susceptibility in symptomatic osteoarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2015; 74:1571-9. [PMID: 24695009 PMCID: PMC4516000 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-204739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Revised: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate how the genetic susceptibility gene DIO2 confers risk to osteoarthritis (OA) onset in humans and to explore whether counteracting the deleterious effect could contribute to novel therapeutic approaches. METHODS Epigenetically regulated expression of DIO2 was explored by assessing methylation of positional CpG-dinucleotides and the respective DIO2 expression in OA-affected and macroscopically preserved articular cartilage from end-stage OA patients. In a human in vitro chondrogenesis model, we measured the effects when thyroid signalling during culturing was either enhanced (excess T3 or lentiviral induced DIO2 overexpression) or decreased (iopanoic acid). RESULTS OA-related changes in methylation at a specific CpG dinucleotide upstream of DIO2 caused significant upregulation of its expression (β=4.96; p=0.0016). This effect was enhanced and appeared driven specifically by DIO2 rs225014 risk allele carriers (β=5.58, p=0.0006). During in vitro chondrogenesis, DIO2 overexpression resulted in a significant reduced capacity of chondrocytes to deposit extracellular matrix (ECM) components, concurrent with significant induction of ECM degrading enzymes (ADAMTS5, MMP13) and markers of mineralisation (ALPL, COL1A1). Given their concurrent and significant upregulation of expression, this process is likely mediated via HIF-2α/RUNX2 signalling. In contrast, we showed that inhibiting deiodinases during in vitro chondrogenesis contributed to prolonged cartilage homeostasis as reflected by significant increased deposition of ECM components and attenuated upregulation of matrix degrading enzymes. CONCLUSIONS Our findings show how genetic variation at DIO2 could confer risk to OA and raised the possibility that counteracting thyroid signalling may be a novel therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Bomer
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, LUMC, Leiden, The Netherlands
- IDEAL, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Steffan D Bos
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, LUMC, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Genomics Initiative, sponsored by the NCHA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Nico Lakenberg
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, LUMC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Barry A Pepers
- Department of Human Genetics, LUMC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Arash Darvishan
- Department of Imaging & BioInformatics, LIACS, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Elmar W Tobi
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, LUMC, Leiden, The Netherlands
- IDEAL, The Netherlands
| | | | - Erik B van den Akker
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, LUMC, Leiden, The Netherlands
- The Delft Bioinformatics Lab, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Bastiaan T Heijmans
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, LUMC, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Genomics Initiative, sponsored by the NCHA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Fons J Verbeek
- Department of Imaging & BioInformatics, LIACS, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gerjo J V M van Osch
- Department of Orthopaedics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Deptartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - P Eline Slagboom
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, LUMC, Leiden, The Netherlands
- IDEAL, The Netherlands
- Genomics Initiative, sponsored by the NCHA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ingrid Meulenbelt
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, LUMC, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Genomics Initiative, sponsored by the NCHA, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Ramos YFM, Meulenbelt I. Implementation of Functional Genomics for Bench-to-Bedside Transition in Osteoarthritis. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2015; 17:53. [DOI: 10.1007/s11926-015-0528-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Abstract
The most common diseases of the joints and its tissues are osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, with osteoarthritis being anticipated to be the fourth leading cause of disability by the year 2020. To date, no truly causal therapies are available, and this has promoted tissue engineering attempts mainly involving mesenchymal stem cells. The goal of all tissue repairs would be to restore a fully functional tissue, here a hyaline articular cartilage. The hyaline cartilage is the most affected in osteoarthritis, where altered cell–matrix interactions gradually destroy tissue integrity. In rheumatoid arthritis, the inflammatory aspect is more important, and the cartilage tissue is destroyed by the invasion of tumor-like pannus tissue arising from the inflamed synovia. Furthermore, the fibrocartilage of the meniscus is clearly involved in the initiation of osteoarthritis, especially after trauma. Recent investigations have highlighted the role of migratory progenitor cells found in diseased tissues in situ. In osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, these chondrogenic progenitor cells are involved in regeneration efforts that are largely unsuccessful in diseased cartilage tissue. However, these progenitor cells are interesting targets for a cell-based regenerative therapy for joint diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Schminke
- Tissue Regeneration Work Group, Department of Prosthodontics, Georg August University, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
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Tew SR, McDermott BT, Fentem RB, Peffers MJ, Clegg PD. Transcriptome-wide analysis of messenger RNA decay in normal and osteoarthritic human articular chondrocytes. Arthritis Rheumatol 2015; 66:3052-61. [PMID: 25155964 PMCID: PMC4233952 DOI: 10.1002/art.38849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Objective Messenger RNA (mRNA) decay rates control not only gene expression levels, but also responsiveness to altered transcriptional input. We undertook this study to examine transcriptome-wide posttranscriptional regulation in both normal and osteoarthritic (OA) human articular chondrocytes. Methods Human articular chondrocytes were isolated from normal or OA tissue. Equine articular chondrocytes were isolated from young or old horses at a commercial abattoir. RNA decay was measured across the transcriptome in human cells by microarray analysis following an actinomycin D chase. Messenger RNA levels in samples were confirmed using quantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction. Results Examination of total mRNA expression levels demonstrated significant differences in the expression of transcripts between normal and OA chondrocytes. Interestingly, almost no difference was observed in total mRNA expression between chondrocytes from intact OA cartilage and those from fibrillated OA cartilage. Decay analysis revealed a set of rapidly turned over transcripts associated with transcriptional control and programmed cell death that were common to all chondrocytes and contained binding sites for abundant cartilage microRNAs. Many transcripts exhibited altered mRNA half-lives in human OA chondrocytes compared to normal cells. Specific transcripts whose decay rates were altered were generally less stable in these pathologic cells. Examination of selected genes in chondrocytes from young and old healthy horses did not identify any change in mRNA turnover. Conclusion This is the first investigation into the “posttranscriptome” of the chondrocyte. It identifies a set of short-lived chondrocyte mRNAs likely to be highly responsive to altered transcriptional input as well as mRNAs whose decay rates are affected in OA chondrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon R Tew
- University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Neston, Cheshire, UK
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Imagawa K, de Andrés MC, Hashimoto K, Itoi E, Otero M, Roach HI, Goldring MB, Oreffo ROC. Association of reduced type IX collagen gene expression in human osteoarthritic chondrocytes with epigenetic silencing by DNA hypermethylation. Arthritis Rheumatol 2015; 66:3040-51. [PMID: 25048791 PMCID: PMC4211984 DOI: 10.1002/art.38774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether the changes in collagen gene expression in osteoarthritic (OA) human chondrocytes are associated with changes in the DNA methylation status in the COL2A1 enhancer and COL9A1 promoter. METHODS Expression levels were determined using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and the percentage of DNA methylation was quantified by pyrosequencing. The effect of CpG methylation on COL9A1 promoter activity was determined using a CpG-free vector; cotransfections with expression vectors encoding SOX9, hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), and HIF-2α were carried out to analyze COL9A1 promoter activities in response to changes in the methylation status. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays were carried out to validate SOX9 binding to the COL9A1 promoter and the influence of DNA methylation. RESULTS Although COL2A1 messenger RNA (mRNA) levels in OA chondrocytes were 19-fold higher than those in the controls, all of the CpG sites in the COL2A1 enhancer were totally demethylated in both samples. The levels of COL9A1 mRNA in OA chondrocytes were 6,000-fold lower than those in controls; 6 CpG sites of the COL9A1 promoter were significantly hypermethylated in OA patients as compared with controls. Treatment with 5-azadeoxycitidine enhanced COL9A1 gene expression and prevented culture-induced hypermethylation. In vitro methylation decreased COL9A1 promoter activity. Mutations in the 5 CpG sites proximal to the transcription start site decreased COL9A1 promoter activity. Cotransfection with SOX9 enhanced COL9A1 promoter activity; CpG methylation attenuated SOX9 binding to the COL9A1 promoter. CONCLUSION This first demonstration that hypermethylation is associated with down-regulation of COL9A1 expression in OA cartilage highlights the pivotal role of epigenetics in OA, involving not only hypomethylation, but also hypermethylation, with important therapeutic implications for OA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Imagawa
- University of Southampton Medical School, Southampton, UK, and Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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Signaling pathways in cartilage repair. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:8667-98. [PMID: 24837833 PMCID: PMC4057753 DOI: 10.3390/ijms15058667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Revised: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In adult healthy cartilage, chondrocytes are in a quiescent phase characterized by a fine balance between anabolic and catabolic activities. In ageing, degenerative joint diseases and traumatic injuries of cartilage, a loss of homeostatic conditions and an up-regulation of catabolic pathways occur. Since cartilage differentiation and maintenance of homeostasis are finely tuned by a complex network of signaling molecules and biophysical factors, shedding light on these mechanisms appears to be extremely relevant for both the identification of pathogenic key factors, as specific therapeutic targets, and the development of biological approaches for cartilage regeneration. This review will focus on the main signaling pathways that can activate cellular and molecular processes, regulating the functional behavior of cartilage in both physiological and pathological conditions. These networks may be relevant in the crosstalk among joint compartments and increased knowledge in this field may lead to the development of more effective strategies for inducing cartilage repair.
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Ramos YFM, Bos SD, van der Breggen R, Kloppenburg M, Ye K, Lameijer EWEMW, Nelissen RGHH, Slagboom PE, Meulenbelt I. A gain of function mutation inTNFRSF11Bencoding osteoprotegerin causes osteoarthritis with chondrocalcinosis. Ann Rheum Dis 2014; 74:1756-62. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-205149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2013] [Accepted: 03/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Snelling S, Rout R, Davidson R, Clark I, Carr A, Hulley P, Price A. A gene expression study of normal and damaged cartilage in anteromedial gonarthrosis, a phenotype of osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2014; 22:334-43. [PMID: 24361742 PMCID: PMC3988961 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2013.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2013] [Revised: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify osteoarthritis (OA) relevant genes and pathways in damaged and undamaged cartilage isolated from the knees of patients with anteromedial gonarthrosis (AMG) - a specific form of knee OA. DESIGN Cartilage was obtained from nine patients undergoing unicompartmental knee replacement (UKR) for AMG. AMG provides a spatial representation of OA progression; showing a reproducible and histologically validated pattern of cartilage destruction such that damaged and undamaged cartilage from within the same knee can be consistently isolated and examined. Gene expression was analysed by microarray and validated using real-time PCR. RESULTS Damaged and undamaged cartilage showed distinct gene expression profiles. 754 genes showed significant up- or down-regulation (non-False discovery rate (FDR) P < 0.05) with enrichment for genes involved in cell signalling, Extracellular Matrix (ECM) and inflammatory response. A number of genes previously unreported in OA showed strongly altered expression including RARRES3, ADAMTSL2 and DUSP10. Confirmation of genes previously identified as modulated in OA was also obtained e.g., SFRP3, MMP3 and IGF1. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to examine a common and consistent phenotype of OA to allow direct comparison of damaged and undamaged cartilage from within the same joint compartment. We have identified specific gene expression profiles in damaged and undamaged cartilage and have determined relevant genes and pathways in OA progression. Importantly this work also highlights the necessity for phenotypic and microanatomical characterization of cartilage in future studies of OA pathogenesis and therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Snelling
- The Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, UK,Address correspondence and reprint requests to: S. Snelling. The Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, UK.
| | - R. Rout
- The Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, UK
| | - R. Davidson
- Biomedical Research Unit, University of East Anglia, UK
| | - I. Clark
- Biomedical Research Unit, University of East Anglia, UK
| | - A. Carr
- The Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, UK
| | - P.A. Hulley
- The Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, UK
| | - A.J. Price
- The Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, UK
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IKKα/CHUK regulates extracellular matrix remodeling independent of its kinase activity to facilitate articular chondrocyte differentiation. PLoS One 2013; 8:e73024. [PMID: 24023802 PMCID: PMC3759388 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0073024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The non-canonical NF-κB activating kinase IKKα, encoded by CHUK (conserved-helix-loop-helix-ubiquitous-kinase), has been reported to modulate pro- or anti- inflammatory responses, cellular survival and cellular differentiation. Here, we have investigated the mechanism of action of IKKα as a novel effector of human and murine chondrocyte extracellular matrix (ECM) homeostasis and differentiation towards hypertrophy. Methodology/Principal Findings IKKα expression was ablated in primary human osteoarthritic (OA) chondrocytes and in immature murine articular chondrocytes (iMACs) derived from IKKαf/f:CreERT2 mice by retroviral-mediated stable shRNA transduction and Cre recombinase-dependent Lox P site recombination, respectively. MMP-10 was identified as a major target of IKKα in chondrocytes by mRNA profiling, quantitative RT-PCR analysis, immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting. ECM integrity, as assessed by type II collagen (COL2) deposition and the lack of MMP-dependent COL2 degradation products, was enhanced by IKKα ablation in mice. MMP-13 and total collagenase activities were significantly reduced, while TIMP-3 (tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-3) protein levels were enhanced in IKKα-deficient chondrocytes. IKKα deficiency suppressed chondrocyte differentiation, as shown by the quantitative inhibition of.Alizarin red staining and the reduced expression of multiple chondrocyte differentiation effectors, including Runx2, Col10a1 and Vegfa,. Importantly, the differentiation of IKKα-deficient chondrocytes was rescued by a kinase-dead IKKα protein mutant. Conclusions/Significance IKKα acts independent of its kinase activity to help drive chondrocyte differentiation towards a hypertrophic-like state. IKKα positively modulates ECM remodeling via multiple downstream targets (including MMP-10 and TIMP-3 at the mRNA and post-transcriptional levels, respectively) to maintain maximal MMP-13 activity, which is required for ECM remodeling leading to chondrocyte differentiation. Chondrocytes are the unique cell component in articular cartilage, which are quiescent and maintain ECM integrity during tissue homeostasis. In OA, chondrocytes reacquire the capacity to proliferate and differentiate and their activation results in pronounced cartilage degeneration. Τηυσ, our findings are also of potential relevance for defining the onset and/or progression of OA disease.
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Rigoglou S, Papavassiliou AG. The NF-κB signalling pathway in osteoarthritis. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2013; 45:2580-4. [PMID: 24004831 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2013.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 378] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Revised: 08/22/2013] [Accepted: 08/24/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) proteins constitute a family of transcription factors that are stimulated by pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, stress-related factors and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation products. Upon stimulation, the activated NF-κB molecules trigger the expression of an array of genes which induce destruction of the articular joint, leading to osteoarthritis (OA) onset and progression. Therefore, targeted strategies that interfere with NF-κB signalling could offer novel potential therapeutic options for OA treatment. In this review, we discuss the involvement of NF-κB in OA pathogenesis and how pharmacological inhibition of the NF-κB signalling pathway affects OA incidence and evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Rigoglou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Athens Medical School, 11527 Athens, Greece
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Bateman JF, Rowley L, Belluoccio D, Chan B, Bell K, Fosang AJ, Little CB. Transcriptomics of wild-type mice and mice lacking ADAMTS-5 activity identifies genes involved in osteoarthritis initiation and cartilage destruction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 65:1547-60. [PMID: 23436205 DOI: 10.1002/art.37900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2012] [Accepted: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify changes in gene expression in mice with osteoarthritis (OA) in order to explore the mechanisms of the disease. METHODS Gene expression profiling was performed in cartilage from mice with surgically induced OA. We used wild-type (WT) mice and Adamts5Δcat mice, in which ADAMTS-5 activity is lacking and aggrecan loss and cartilage erosion are inhibited, to distinguish gene expression changes that are independent of ADAMTS-5 activity and cartilage breakdown. Mechanical instability was introduced into the knee joints of 10-week-old male mice via surgical destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM). Cartilage from the developing lesion in the destabilized medial meniscus and corresponding regions in sham-operated joints was harvested by microdissection at 1, 2, and 6 weeks postsurgery, and RNA was extracted, amplified, and hybridized to whole-genome microarrays. RESULTS Several previously identified OA-related genes, including Ptgs2, Crlf1, and Inhba, and novel genes, such as Phdla2 and Il11, were up-regulated in both WT mice and Adamts5Δcat mice, indicating that they are independent of ADAMTS-5 activity. The altered expression of other genes, including Col10a1, the sentinel marker of cartilage hypertrophy, and Wnt/β-catenin pathway genes, required ADAMTS-5 activity. Cell death pathway genes were dysregulated, and Tp53, Foxo4, and Xbp1 endoplasmic reticulum-stress transcriptional networks were activated. Analysis of degradome genes identified up-regulation of many proteases, including Mmp3, Capn2, and the novel cartilage proteases Prss46 and Klk8. Comparison with other studies identified 16 genes also dysregulated in rat and human OA as priorities for study. CONCLUSION We have identified, for the first time, several genes that have an ADAMTS-5-independent role in OA, identifying them as possible OA initiation candidates. This work provides new insights into the sequence of gene dysregulation and the molecular basis of cartilage destruction in OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- John F Bateman
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute and University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
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Biological activities of phosphocitrate: a potential meniscal protective agent. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:726581. [PMID: 23936839 PMCID: PMC3726015 DOI: 10.1155/2013/726581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Revised: 06/12/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Phosphocitrate (PC) inhibited meniscal calcification and the development of calcium crystal-associated osteoarthritis (OA) in Hartley guinea pigs. However, the mechanisms remain elusive. This study sought to examine the biological activities of PC in the absence of calcium crystals and test the hypothesis that PC is potentially a meniscal protective agent. We found that PC downregulated the expression of many genes classified in cell proliferation, ossification, prostaglandin metabolic process, and wound healing, including bloom syndrome RecQ helicase-like, cell division cycle 7 homolog, cell division cycle 25 homolog C, ankylosis progressive homolog, prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthases-1/cyclooxygenase-1, and plasminogen activator urokinase receptor. In contrast, PC stimulated the expression of many genes classified in fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway, collagen fibril organization, and extracellular structure organization, including fibroblast growth factor 7, collagen type I, alpha 1, and collagen type XI, alpha 1. Consistent with its effect on the expression of genes classified in cell proliferation, collagen fibril organization, and ossification, PC inhibited the proliferation of OA meniscal cells and meniscal cell-mediated calcification while stimulating the production of collagens. These findings indicate that PC is potentially a meniscal-protective agent and a disease-modifying drug for arthritis associated with severe meniscal degeneration.
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Ritter SY, Subbaiah R, Bebek G, Crish J, Scanzello CR, Krastins B, Sarracino D, Lopez MF, Crow MK, Aigner T, Goldring MB, Goldring SR, Lee DM, Gobezie R, Aliprantis AO. Proteomic analysis of synovial fluid from the osteoarthritic knee: comparison with transcriptome analyses of joint tissues. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 65:981-92. [PMID: 23400684 DOI: 10.1002/art.37823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2012] [Accepted: 12/04/2012] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The pathophysiology of the most common joint disease, osteoarthritis (OA), remains poorly understood. Since synovial fluid (SF) bathes joint cartilage and synovium, we reasoned that a comparative analysis of its protein constituents in health and OA could identify pathways involved in joint damage. We undertook this study to perform a proteomic analysis of knee SF from OA patients and control subjects and to compare the results to microarray expression data from cartilage and synovium. METHODS Age-matched knee SF samples from 10 control subjects, 10 patients with early-stage OA, and 10 patients with late-stage OA were compared using 2-dimensional difference-in-gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry (MS). MS with a multiplexed peptide selected reaction monitoring assay was used to confirm differential expression of a subset of proteins in an independent OA patient cohort. Proteomic results were analyzed by Ingenuity Pathways Analysis and compared to published synovial tissue and cartilage messenger RNA profiles. RESULTS Sixty-six proteins were differentially present in healthy and OA SF. Three major pathways were identified among these proteins: the acute-phase response signaling pathway, the complement pathway, and the coagulation pathway. Differential expression of 5 proteins was confirmed by selected reaction monitoring assay. A focused analysis of transcripts corresponding to the differentially present proteins indicated that both synovial and cartilage tissues may contribute to the OA SF proteome. CONCLUSION Proteins involved in the acute-phase response signaling pathway, the complement pathway, and the coagulation pathway are differentially regulated in SF from OA patients, suggesting that they contribute to joint damage. Validation of these pathways and their utility as biomarkers or therapeutic targets in OA is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Y Ritter
- Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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Goldring M. Insight into the function of DIO2, a susceptibility gene in human osteoarthritis, as an inducer of cartilage damage in a rat model: is there a role for chondrocyte hypertrophy? Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2013; 21:643-5. [PMID: 23473975 PMCID: PMC3937864 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2013.02.659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2013] [Accepted: 02/27/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M.B. Goldring
- Tissue Engineering Repair and Regeneration Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
- Address correspondence and reprint requests to: M.B. Goldring, Research Division, Hospital for Special Surgery, Caspary Research Building, 5th Floor, 535 East 70th Street, New York, NY 10021, USA. Tel: 1-212-774-7564; Fax: 1-212-249-2373.
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Global identification of genes related to nutrient deficiency in intervertebral disc cells in an experimental nutrient deprivation model. PLoS One 2013; 8:e58806. [PMID: 23520533 PMCID: PMC3592817 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2012] [Accepted: 02/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Intervertebral disc degeneration is a significant cause of degenerative spinal diseases. Nucleus pulposus (NP) cells reportedly fail to survive in large degenerated discs with limited nutrient availability. Therefore, understanding the regulatory mechanism of the molecular response of NP cells to nutrient deprivation may reveal a new strategy to treat disc degeneration. This study aimed to identify genes related to nutrient deprivation in NP cells on a global scale in an experimental nutrient deprivation model. Methodology/Principal Findings Rat NP cells were subjected to serum starvation. Global gene expression was profiled by microarray analysis. Confirmation of the selected genes was obtained by real-time polymerase chain reaction array analysis. Western blotting was used to confirm the expression of selected genes. Functional interactions between p21Cip1 and caspase 3 were examined. Finally, flow cytometric analyses of NP cells were performed. Microarray analysis revealed 2922 differentially expressed probe sets with ≥1.5-fold changes in expression. Serum starvation of NP cells significantly affected the expression of several genes involved in DNA damage checkpoints of the cell cycle, including Atm, Brca1, Cdc25, Gadd45, Hus1, Ppm1D, Rad 9, Tp53, and Cyclin D1. Both p27Kip1 and p53 protein expression was upregulated in serum-starved cells. p21Cip1 expression remained in NP cells transfected with short interfering RNA targeting caspase 3 (caspase 3 siRNA). Both G1 arrest and apoptosis induced by serum starvation were inhibited in cells transfected with caspase 3 siRNA. Conclusions/Significance Nutrient deprivation in NP cells results in the activation of a signaling response including DNA damage checkpoint genes regulating the cell cycle. These results provide novel possibilities to improve the success of intervertebral disc regenerative techniques.
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