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Quan L, Dai J, Luo Y, Wang L, Liu Y, Meng J, Yang F, You X. The 100 top-cited studies in systemic lupus erythematosus: A bibliometric analysis. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2387461. [PMID: 39149877 PMCID: PMC11328883 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2387461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune inflammatory tissue disease. In view of the explosive growth in research on SLE, bibliometrics was performed to evaluate the 100 top-cited papers in this realm. We performed the search with terms "systemic lupus erythematosus" the Web of Science Core Collection database on May 3, 2023. Relevant literatures were screened. Data were extracted and analyzed by SPSS. The citations of 100 top-cited SLE studies spanned from 472 to 13,557. Most studies (60 out of 100) were conducted in the United States. Total citation times were positively associated with ACY, which was negatively correlated with the length of time since publication. Approximately half of the studies focused on the underlying mechanisms of SLE. New biologic therapies garnered attention and development. Our findings provide valuable insights into the developments in crucial areas of SLE and shed contributions to future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuliu Quan
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiawen Dai
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuan Luo
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yue Liu
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiaqi Meng
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fan Yang
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin You
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
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Seki N, Tsujimoto H, Tanemura S, Kikuchi J, Saito S, Sugahara K, Yoshimoto K, Akiyama M, Takeuchi T, Chiba K, Kaneko Y. Longitudinal analysis at pre- and post-flare of T peripheral helper and T follicular helper subsets in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Immunol Lett 2024; 269:106905. [PMID: 39103125 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2024.106905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We focused to analyze the time-course changes at pre- and post-flare of T peripheral helper (Tph) cells and circulating T follicular helper (Tfh) cells in the blood of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with lupus low disease activity state (LLDAS) before flare. METHODS This study included inactive (n = 29) and active (n = 55) patients with SLE. Tph subsets, Tfh subsets, CD11chi B cells, and plasma cells in the blood were determined by flow cytometry. The blood levels of cytokines including interferons (IFNs) were measured by electrochemiluminescence assay or cytokine beads array. RESULTS Active SLE patients exhibited the increased frequency of Tph1, Tph2, Tfh1, and Tfh2 subsets when compared to inactive patients, but no clear changes in the other subsets. During the treatment with medications, Tph1, Tph2, and Tfh2 subsets were significantly reduced along with disease activity and Tph1 and Tph2 subsets were positively correlated with SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI). The time course analysis of patients at pre- and post-flare revealed that in the patients at LLDAS before flare, Tph subsets and Tfh subsets were relatively low levels. At the flare, Tph cells, particularly Tph1 and Tph2 subsets, were increased and correlated with SLEDAI. Furthermore, the blood levels of IFN-α2a, IFN-γ, and IFN-λ1 were low in the patients with LLDAS before flare but these IFNs, particularly IFN-λ1, were increased along with flare. CONCLUSION Increased frequency of Tph1 and Tph2 subsets and elevated levels of serum IFN-λ1 are presumably critical for triggering of flare in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriyasu Seki
- Innovative Research division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideto Tsujimoto
- Innovative Research division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuhei Tanemura
- Innovative Research division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Kikuchi
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuntaro Saito
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kunio Sugahara
- Innovative Research division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Yoshimoto
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Akiyama
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Takeuchi
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Saitama Medical University, Iruma-gun, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kenji Chiba
- Innovative Research division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yuko Kaneko
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Khunsri T, Thawornpan P, Tianpothong P, Suangtamai T, Ngamjanyaporn P, Leepiyasakulchai C, Wangriatisak K, Pisitkun P, Chootong P. Activation of circulating TFH17 cells associated with activated naive and double negative 2 B cell expansion, and disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Arthritis Res Ther 2024; 26:159. [PMID: 39261963 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-024-03394-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is the quintessential autoimmune disease, as it is characterized by hyperactivity of CD4+ T cells and subsequently drives lupus pathology. Follicular helper T (TFH) cells play an important role in B cell maturation and antibody production. However, which specific subset of cTFH cells drives B cell function and contributes to the development of anti-dsDNA antibodies and SLE pathogenesis remains unclear. METHODS Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from SLE patients with inactive (n = 11) and active (n = 21) were used to determine and detect frequencies and phenotypes of circulating TFH cells (cTFH), memory cTFH, and B cell subsets. The correlations among cTFH cell subsets and phenotypes, B cell subsets, anti-dsDNA autoantibodies, and clinical parameters were analyzed. RESULTS In subjects with active SLE, cTFH1 and cTFH17 cells were significantly expanded and activated. These expanded cTFH cells expressed memory phenotypes; cTFH1 cells were predominantly central memory (CM) type, while cTFH17 cells were largely effector memory (EM) type. Phenotyping B cell subsets in these patients showed increased frequencies of aNAV and DN2 B cells. Clinically, ICOS+ cTFH1, ICOS+ cTFH17 cells, and SLEDAI-2k scores were found to be correlated. Analysis of cTFH-B cell relationship revealed positive correlations among ICOS+ cTFH1 cells, aNAV B cells, and anti-dsDNA antibodies. Activation of ICOS+ cTFH17 cells was significantly related to the expansion of aNAV and DN2 B cells. The presence of CM cells in cTFH1 and cTFH17 subsets was correlated with aNAV and DN2 B cell frequencies. CONCLUSION SLE cTFH cells were found to be polarized toward cTFH1 and cTFH17 cells; activation of these cTFH subsets was significantly associated with disease activity score, aNAV, DN2 B cell expansion, and anti-dsDNA antibody level. Thus, the interactions among cTFH1, cTFH17, and B cells likely contribute to the development of autoantibodies and the pathogenesis in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tipanan Khunsri
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pongsakorn Thawornpan
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pachara Tianpothong
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thanitta Suangtamai
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, 270 Rama 6 Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pintip Ngamjanyaporn
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, 270 Rama 6 Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chaniya Leepiyasakulchai
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kittikorn Wangriatisak
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Prapaporn Pisitkun
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, 270 Rama 6 Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Patchanee Chootong
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Liu FQ, Qu QY, Lei Y, Chen Q, Chen YX, Li ML, Sun XY, Wu YJ, Huang QS, Fu HX, Kong Y, Li YY, Wang QF, Huang XJ, Zhang XH. High dimensional proteomic mapping of bone marrow immune characteristics in immune thrombocytopenia. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2024; 67:1635-1647. [PMID: 38644444 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-023-2520-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
To investigate the role of co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory molecules on immune tolerance in immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), this study mapped the immune cell heterogeneity in the bone marrow of ITP at the single-cell level using Cytometry by Time of Flight (CyTOF). Thirty-six patients with ITP and nine healthy volunteers were enrolled in the study. As soluble immunomodulatory molecules, more sCD25 and sGalectin-9 were detected in ITP patients. On the cell surface, co-stimulatory molecules like ICOS and HVEM were observed to be upregulated in mainly central memory and effector T cells. In contrast, co-inhibitory molecules such as CTLA-4 were significantly reduced in Th1 and Th17 cell subsets. Taking a platelet count of 30×109 L-1 as the cutoff value, ITP patients with high and low platelet counts showed different T cell immune profiles. Antigen-presenting cells such as monocytes and B cells may regulate the activation of T cells through CTLA-4/CD86 and HVEM/BTLA interactions, respectively, and participate in the pathogenesis of ITP. In conclusion, the proteomic and soluble molecular profiles brought insight into the interaction and modulation of immune cells in the bone marrow of ITP. They may offer novel targets to develop personalized immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Qi Liu
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, Beijing, 100044, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing, 100044, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing, 100044, China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Hematology, Peking University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Qing-Yuan Qu
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, Beijing, 100044, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing, 100044, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing, 100044, China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Hematology, Peking University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Ying Lei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, Beijing, 100044, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing, 100044, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing, 100044, China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Hematology, Peking University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Yu-Xiu Chen
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, Beijing, 100044, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing, 100044, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing, 100044, China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Hematology, Peking University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Meng-Lin Li
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, Beijing, 100044, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing, 100044, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing, 100044, China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Hematology, Peking University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Xue-Yan Sun
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, Beijing, 100044, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing, 100044, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing, 100044, China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Hematology, Peking University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Ye-Jun Wu
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, Beijing, 100044, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing, 100044, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing, 100044, China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Hematology, Peking University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Qiu-Sha Huang
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, Beijing, 100044, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing, 100044, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing, 100044, China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Hematology, Peking University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Hai-Xia Fu
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, Beijing, 100044, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing, 100044, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing, 100044, China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Hematology, Peking University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Yuan Kong
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, Beijing, 100044, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing, 100044, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing, 100044, China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Hematology, Peking University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Yue-Ying Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qian-Fei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Huang
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, Beijing, 100044, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing, 100044, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing, 100044, China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Hematology, Peking University, Beijing, 100044, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100074, China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Zhang
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, Beijing, 100044, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing, 100044, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing, 100044, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Hematology, Peking University, Beijing, 100044, China.
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Yuan Z, Zhang W, Jin Z, Wang Y, Lin Z, Xie Z, Wang X. Global research trends in precision-targeted therapies for systemic lupus erythematosus (2003-2023): A bibliographic study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33350. [PMID: 39050478 PMCID: PMC11268211 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a persistent inflammatory disease caused by an autoimmune response that predominantly affects multiple organs and systems. Growing evidence highlights the critical role of precision-targeted therapies in the management of SLE. Surprisingly, only a handful of bibliometric studies have thoroughly assessed this area. This study attempts to assess the global landscape of literature output and research trends related to precision-targeted therapy for SLE. Method Publications related to precision-targeted therapy for SLE from 2003 to 2023 were searched in the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database. VOSviewers, CiteSpace and the R package "bibliometrix" were used to perform this bibliometric analysis. Results A total of 3700 papers were retrieved, showing a steady annual increase in publications from 2003 to 2022. The United States led the field with the highest number of papers (36.1 %) and secured the top position in terms of citation frequency (59,889) and H-index (115). Anhui Medical University System claimed the top spot with an impressive output of 70 papers. Principal investigators Tsokos, George C. C., and Lu, Qianjin led the research effort. Among the journals, Frontiers in Immunology stood out, publishing the highest number of articles with 191. In particular, precision-targeted therapy for SLE has become a major research focus in recent years, covering aspects such as T cells, B cells, oxidative stress, remission, and PHASE-III. Conclusion This bibliometric study of ours systematically analyses research trends in precision targeted therapy for systemic lupus erythematosus, and this information identifies the research frontiers and hot directions in recent years and will serve as a reference for scientists working on targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengze Yuan
- The Second Clinical College of Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, HangZhou, China
| | - Weiqing Zhang
- The Second Clinical College of Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, HangZhou, China
| | - Zhaokai Jin
- The First Clinical College of Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, HangZhou, China
| | - Yihan Wang
- The Second Clinical College of Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, HangZhou, China
| | - Zhiting Lin
- The Second Clinical College of Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, HangZhou, China
| | - Zhimin Xie
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, HangZhou, China
| | - Xinchang Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, HangZhou, China
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Mohammad Piri S, Amin Habibi M, Shool S, Khazaeli Najafabadi M, Ahmadpour S, Alemi F, Aria Nejadghaderi S, Shokri P, Abdi M, Asghari N, Amir Asef-Agah S, Tavakolpour S. Role of T follicular helper cells in autoimmune rheumatic Diseases: A systematic review on immunopathogenesis and response to treatment. Hum Immunol 2024; 85:110838. [PMID: 38970880 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2024.110838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND T follicular helper (Tfh) cells are a subdivision of T helper cells involved in antigen-specific B cell immunity. Tfh cells play an essential role in the interaction of T cells/B cells in the germinal centers (GC), and dysregulation of Tfh actions can offer pathogenic autoantibody formation and lead to the development of autoimmune diseases. This study seeks to evaluate changes in Tfh frequency and its related cytokines in autoimmune disease, its association with disease phase, severity, prognosis, and the effect of immunosuppressive treatment on the Tfh population. METHOD The study adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 Statement. Electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase, were systematically searched for potentially eligible studies up to January 1, 2024. RESULTS We identified 4998 articles in the initial search, from which 1686 similar titles were removed. A total of 3312 articles were initially screened, and 3051 articles were excluded by title/abstract screening. A total of 261 studies were considered for full-text assessment, and 205 articles were excluded by reason. Finally, a total of 56 studies were included in our review. CONCLUSION The population of Tfh cells is generally higher in autoimmune diseases versus Health control. Moreover, the number of Tfh cells is associated with the disease severity and can be considered for determining the prognosis of studies. Also, peripheral blood circulating Tfh (cTfh) cells are an available sample that can be used as an indicator for diagnosing diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mohammad Piri
- Department of Pathology, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Amin Habibi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sina Shool
- Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Sajjad Ahmadpour
- Patient Safety Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Fakhroddin Alemi
- School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
| | - Seyed Aria Nejadghaderi
- Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Expert Group (SRMEG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Pourya Shokri
- Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohtaram Abdi
- Student Research Committe, Faculty of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bonjnurd, Iran.
| | - Negin Asghari
- Student Research Committe, Faculty of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bonjnurd, Iran.
| | - Seyed Amir Asef-Agah
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Porsch F, Binder CJ. Autoimmune diseases and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Nat Rev Cardiol 2024:10.1038/s41569-024-01045-7. [PMID: 38937626 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-024-01045-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases are associated with a dramatically increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and its clinical manifestations. The increased risk is consistent with the notion that atherogenesis is modulated by both protective and disease-promoting immune mechanisms. Notably, traditional cardiovascular risk factors such as dyslipidaemia and hypertension alone do not explain the increased risk of cardiovascular disease associated with autoimmune diseases. Several mechanisms have been implicated in mediating the autoimmunity-associated cardiovascular risk, either directly or by modulating the effect of other risk factors in a complex interplay. Aberrant leukocyte function and pro-inflammatory cytokines are central to both disease entities, resulting in vascular dysfunction, impaired resolution of inflammation and promotion of chronic inflammation. Similarly, loss of tolerance to self-antigens and the generation of autoantibodies are key features of autoimmunity but are also implicated in the maladaptive inflammatory response during atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Therefore, immunomodulatory therapies are potential efficacious interventions to directly reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, and biomarkers of autoimmune disease activity could be relevant tools to stratify patients with autoimmunity according to their cardiovascular risk. In this Review, we discuss the pathophysiological aspects of the increased cardiovascular risk associated with autoimmunity and highlight the many open questions that need to be answered to develop novel therapies that specifically address this unmet clinical need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florentina Porsch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph J Binder
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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Park J, Lee J, Hur Y, Kim CJ, Kim HB, Um D, Kim DS, Lee JY, Park S, Park Y, Kim TK, Im SH, Kim SW, Kwok SK, Lee Y. ETV5 promotes lupus pathogenesis and follicular helper T cell differentiation by inducing osteopontin expression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2322009121. [PMID: 38843187 PMCID: PMC11181037 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2322009121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Follicular helper T (TFH) cells mediate germinal center reactions to generate high affinity antibodies against specific pathogens, and their excessive production is associated with the pathogenesis of systemic autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). ETV5, a member of the ETS transcription factor family, promotes TFH cell differentiation in mice. In this study, we examined the role of ETV5 in the pathogenesis of lupus in mice and humans. T cell-specific deletion of Etv5 alleles ameliorated TFH cell differentiation and autoimmune phenotypes in lupus mouse models. Further, we identified SPP1 as an ETV5 target that promotes TFH cell differentiation in both mice and humans. Notably, extracellular osteopontin (OPN) encoded by SPP1 enhances TFH cell differentiation by activating the CD44-AKT signaling pathway. Furthermore, ETV5 and SPP1 levels were increased in CD4+ T cells from patients with SLE and were positively correlated with disease activity. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that ETV5 is a lupus-promoting transcription factor, and secreted OPN promotes TFH cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiho Park
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongeun Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunjung Hur
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan-Johng Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Bit Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Dahun Um
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Som Kim
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul06591, Republic of Korea
| | - June-Yong Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, and Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungjun Park
- Department of Convergent Research of Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngjae Park
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Kyung Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Sin-Hyeog Im
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk37673, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Convergence Research and Education in Advanced Technology, Yonsei University, Seoul03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Won Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Ki Kwok
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoontae Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk37673, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Convergence Research and Education in Advanced Technology, Yonsei University, Seoul03722, Republic of Korea
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Edner NM, Houghton LP, Ntavli E, Rees-Spear C, Petersone L, Wang C, Fabri A, Elfaki Y, Rueda Gonzalez A, Brown R, Kisand K, Peterson P, McCoy LE, Walker LSK. TIGIT +Tfh show poor B-helper function and negatively correlate with SARS-CoV-2 antibody titre. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1395684. [PMID: 38868776 PMCID: PMC11167088 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1395684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Circulating follicular helper T cells (cTfh) can show phenotypic alterations in disease settings, including in the context of tissue-damaging autoimmune or anti-viral responses. Using severe COVID-19 as a paradigm of immune dysregulation, we have explored how cTfh phenotype relates to the titre and quality of antibody responses. Severe disease was associated with higher titres of neutralising S1 IgG and evidence of increased T cell activation. ICOS, CD38 and HLA-DR expressing cTfh correlated with serum S1 IgG titres and neutralising strength, and interestingly expression of TIGIT by cTfh showed a negative correlation. TIGIT+cTfh expressed increased IFNγ and decreased IL-17 compared to their TIGIT-cTfh counterparts, and showed reduced capacity to help B cells in vitro. Additionally, TIGIT+cTfh expressed lower levels of CD40L than TIGIT-cTfh, providing a potential explanation for their poor B-helper function. These data identify phenotypic changes in polyclonal cTfh that correlate with specific antibody responses and reveal TIGIT as a marker of cTfh with altered function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie M. Edner
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Luke P. Houghton
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elisavet Ntavli
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Chloe Rees-Spear
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lina Petersone
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Chunjing Wang
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Astrid Fabri
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yassin Elfaki
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Rueda Gonzalez
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel Brown
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kai Kisand
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Pärt Peterson
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Laura E. McCoy
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lucy S. K. Walker
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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10
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Belbezier A, Engeroff P, Fourcade G, Vantomme H, Vaineau R, Gouritin B, Bellier B, Brocheriou I, Tchitchek N, Graff-Dubois S, Klatzmann D. Interleukin-1 regulates follicular T cells during the germinal center reaction. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1393096. [PMID: 38855101 PMCID: PMC11157057 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1393096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Antibody production and the generation of memory B cells are regulated by T follicular helper (Tfh) and T follicular regulatory (Tfr) cells in germinal centers. However, the precise role of Tfr cells in controlling antibody production is still unclear. We have previously shown that both Tfh and Tfr cells express the IL-1R1 agonist receptor, whereas only Tfr cells express the IL-1R2 decoy and IL-1Ra antagonist receptors. We aimed to investigate the role of IL-1 receptors in the regulation of B cell responses by Tfh and Tfr. Methods We generated mice with IL-1 receptors inactivated in Tfh or Tfr and measured antibody production and cell activation after immunisation. Results While IL-1β levels are increased in the draining lymph node after immunisation, antigen-specific antibody levels and cell phenotypes indicated that IL-1β can activate both Tfh and Tfr cells through IL-1R1 stimulation. Surprisingly, expression of IL-1R2 and IL-1Ra on Tfr cells does not block IL-1 activation of Tfh cells, but rather prevents IL-1/IL-1R1-mediated early activation of Tfr cells. IL-1Rs also regulate the antibody response to autoantigens and its associated pathophysiology in an experimental lupus model. Discussion Collectively, our results show that IL-1 inhibitory receptors expressed by Tfr cells prevent their own activation and suppressive function, thus licensing IL-1-mediated activation of Tfh cells after immunisation. Further mechanistic studies should unravel these complex interactions between IL-1β and follicular helper and regulatory T cells and provide new avenues for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aude Belbezier
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (i3), Paris, France
| | - Paul Engeroff
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (i3), Paris, France
| | - Gwladys Fourcade
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (i3), Paris, France
| | - Hélène Vantomme
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (i3), Paris, France
| | - Romain Vaineau
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (i3), Paris, France
| | - Bruno Gouritin
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (i3), Paris, France
| | - Bertrand Bellier
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (i3), Paris, France
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Biotherapy (CIC-BTi) and Inflammation-Immunopathology-Biotherapy Department (i2B), Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Brocheriou
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Pari (AP-HP), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Department of Pathology, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Tchitchek
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (i3), Paris, France
| | - Stephanie Graff-Dubois
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (i3), Paris, France
| | - David Klatzmann
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (i3), Paris, France
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Biotherapy (CIC-BTi) and Inflammation-Immunopathology-Biotherapy Department (i2B), Paris, France
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11
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Wang M, Zhou J, Niu Q, Wang H. Mechanism of tacrolimus in the treatment of lupus nephritis. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1331800. [PMID: 38774214 PMCID: PMC11106426 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1331800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disorder, with more than half of the patients developing lupus nephritis (LN), which significantly contributes to chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The treatment of lupus nephritis has always been challenging. Tacrolimus (TAC), an effective immunosuppressant, has been increasingly used in the treatment of LN in recent years. This review aims to explore the mechanisms of action of tacrolimus in treating LN. Firstly, we briefly introduce the pharmacological properties of tacrolimus, including its role as a calcineurin (CaN) inhibitor, exerting immunosuppressive effects by inhibiting T cell activation and cytokine production. Subsequently, we focus on various other immunomodulatory mechanisms of tacrolimus in LN therapy, including its effects on T cells, B cells, and immune cells in kidney. Particularly, we emphasize tacrolimus' regulatory effect on inflammatory mediators and its importance in modulating the Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg balance. Additionally, we review its effects on actin cytoskeleton, angiotensin II (Ang II)-specific vascular contraction, and P-glycoprotein activity, summarizing its impacts on non-immune mechanisms. Finally, we summarize the efficacy and safety of tacrolimus in clinical studies and trials. Although some studies have shown significant efficacy of tacrolimus in treating LN, its safety remains a challenge. We outline the potential adverse reactions of long-term tacrolimus use and provide suggestions on effectively monitoring and managing these adverse reactions in clinical practice. In general, tacrolimus, as a novel immunosuppressant, holds promising prospects for treating LN. Of course, further research is needed to better understand its therapeutic mechanisms and ensure its safety and efficacy in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hongyue Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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12
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Manion K, Muñoz-Grajales C, Kim M, Atenafu E, Faheem Z, Gladman DD, Urowitz M, Touma Z, Wither JE. Different Immunologic Profiles Are Associated With Distinct Clinical Phenotypes in Longitudinally Observed Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Arthritis Rheumatol 2024; 76:726-738. [PMID: 38073017 DOI: 10.1002/art.42776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine the immunologic profile associated with disease flares in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and to investigate the clinical significance of any differences observed between patients during and following a flare. METHODS Multiparameter flow cytometry was used to examine 47 immune populations within the peripheral blood of 16 healthy controls, 25 patients with clinically quiescent SLE, and 46 patients with SLE experiencing a flare at baseline and at 6- and 12-month follow-up visits. Unsupervised clustering was used to identify patients with similar immune profiles and to track changes over time. Parametric or nonparametric statistics were used when appropriate to assess the association of cellular phenotypes with clinical and laboratory parameters. RESULTS Five clusters of patients were identified that variably contained patients with active and quiescent SLE, and that had distinct clinical phenotypes. Patients characterized by increased T peripheral helper, activated B, and age-associated B cells were the most likely to be flaring at baseline, as well as the most likely to remain active or flare over the subsequent year if they acquired or retained this phenotype at follow-up. In contrast, patients who had increased T helper (Th) cells in the absence of B cell changes, or who had increased Th1 cells and innate immune populations, mostly developed quiescent SLE on follow-up. A significant proportion of patients with SLE had depletion of many immune populations at flare and only showed increases in these populations post-flare. CONCLUSION Cellular phenotyping of patients with SLE reveals several distinct immunologic profiles that may help to stratify patients with regard to prognosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kieran Manion
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Carolina Muñoz-Grajales
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael Kim
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eshetu Atenafu
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zoha Faheem
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dafna D Gladman
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Murray Urowitz
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zahi Touma
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joan E Wither
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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13
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Nasa Y, Satake A, Tsuji R, Saito R, Tsubokura Y, Yoshimura H, Ito T. Concomitant use of interleukin-2 and tacrolimus suppresses follicular helper T cell proportion and exerts therapeutic effect against lupus nephritis in systemic lupus erythematosus-like chronic graft versus host disease. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1326066. [PMID: 38665907 PMCID: PMC11043470 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1326066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Defective interleukin-2 (IL-2) production contributes to immune system imbalance in patients with systemic erythematosus lupus (SLE). Recent clinical studies suggested that low-dose IL-2 treatment is beneficial for SLE and the therapeutic effect is associated with regulatory T cell (Treg) expansion. Pharmacological calcineurin inhibition induces a reduction in the number of Tregs because they require stimulation of T cell receptor signaling and IL-2 for optimal proliferation. However, the activation of T cell receptor signaling is partially dispensable for the expansion of Tregs, but not for that of conventional T cells if IL-2 is present. Aim We examined whether addition of IL-2 restores the Treg proportion even with concurrent use of a calcineurin inhibitor and if the follicular helper T cell (Tfh) proportion is reduced in an SLE-like murine chronic graft versus host disease model. Methods Using a parent-into-F1 model, we investigated the effect of IL-2 plus tacrolimus on Treg and Tfh proportions and the therapeutic effect. Results Treatment with a combination of IL-2 and tacrolimus significantly delayed the initiation of proteinuria and decreased the urinary protein concentration, whereas tacrolimus or IL-2 monotherapy did not significantly attenuate proteinuria. Phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, a positive regulator of Tfh differentiation, was reduced by combination treatment, whereas phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 5, a negative regulator, was not reduced. Conclusion Addition of calcineurin inhibitors as adjunct agents may be beneficial for IL-2-based treatment of lupus nephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Atsushi Satake
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
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14
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Luo Q, Xiao Q, Zhang L, Fu B, Li X, Huang Z, Li J. Circulating TIGIT ±PD1 +TPH, TIGIT ± PD1 +TFH cells are elevated and their predicting role in systemic lupus erythematosus. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27687. [PMID: 38515720 PMCID: PMC10955264 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
It is well established that increased peripheral helper T cells (TPH) and follicular helper T cells (TFH) was found in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. However, the expression patterns and immunomodulatory roles of TIGIT and PD1 on TPH/TFH in SLE are poorly understood. The expression patterns of TIGIT and PD1 on TPH and TFH cells were examined using flow cytometry and their expression patterns in SLE patients were then further evaluated for their correlation with auto-antibodies, disease activity and severity, B cell differentiation. Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors. And the receiver operating characteristic curves and logistic regression model were created to evaluate the predicting role in SLE. TIGIT±PD1+TPH, TIGIT±PD1+TFH cells in the peripheral blood of SLE patients were upregulated, whereas TIGIT+PD1-TFH was downregulated. TIGIT ± PD1+TPH, TIGIT ± PD1+TFH cells positively correlated with auto-antibodies production, disease activity and severity, whereas TIGIT+PD1-TFH cells negatively correlated. TIGIT ± PD1+TPH, TIGIT-PD1+TFH were positively correlated with the frequency of plasmablasts. Furthermore, higher TIGIT+PD1+TPH and TIGIT+PD1+TFH were shown to be risk factors for SLE, whereas TIGIT+PD1-TFH was found to be a protective factor, according to logistic regression analysis. A further logistic regression model showed that combination of TPH/TFH and routine blood indicators may has potential predicting value for SLE, with AUC of 0.957. The increased TIGIT ± PD1+TPH, increased TIGIT ± PD1+TFH, decreased TIGIT+PD1-TFH correlates with disease severity and activity, may boost our comprehending of the role of TIGIT and PD1 on TPH/TFH in SLE, and a logistic regression model based on combination of TPH/TFH and routine blood indicators shows prominent value for predicting SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Luo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
- Nanchang Key Laboratory of Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Qiuyun Xiao
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Biqi Fu
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Zikun Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
- Nanchang Key Laboratory of Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Junming Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
- Medical Center of Burn Plastic and Wound Repair, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
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15
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Seki N, Tsujimoto H, Tanemura S, Kojima S, Miyoshi F, Kikuchi J, Saito S, Akiyama M, Sugahara K, Yoshimoto K, Kaneko Y, Chiba K, Takeuchi T. Cytotoxic Tph subset with low B-cell helper functions and its involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus. Commun Biol 2024; 7:277. [PMID: 38448723 PMCID: PMC10918188 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-05989-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
T peripheral helper (Tph) cells are thought to contribute to extra-follicular B cell activation and play a pathogenic role in autoimmune diseases. However, the role of Tph subsets is not fully elucidated. Here, we investigate the immunological functions of Tph subsets and their involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We have defined four Tph subsets (Tph1: CXCR3+CCR6-, Tph2: CXCR3-CCR6-, Tph17: CXCR3-CCR6+, and Tph1-17: CXCR3+CCR6+) and performed RNA sequencing after cell sorting. Tph1 and Tph17 subsets express substantial levels of IL21, indicating B cell helper functions. However, Tph2 and Tph1-17 subsets express low IL21. Interestingly, we have found Tph2 subset express high levels of CX3CR1, GZMB, PRF1, GLNY, S1PR5, TBX21, EOMES, ZNF863, and RUNX3, indicating a feature of CD4+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes. In SLE patients, the frequency of Tph1 and Tph2 subsets are significantly increased and positively correlated with SLE disease activity indexes. Tph1 cells expansion has been observed in patients with cutaneous and musculoskeletal manifestations. On the other hand, Tph2 cell expansion has been found in patients with lupus nephritis in addition to the above manifestations. Our findings imply that Tph1 and Tph2 subsets exert distinct immunological functions and are contributed to the complexity of clinical manifestations in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriyasu Seki
- Research Unit Immunology & Inflammation, Innovative Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideto Tsujimoto
- Research Unit Immunology & Inflammation, Innovative Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuhei Tanemura
- Research Unit Immunology & Inflammation, Innovative Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Kojima
- Discovery Technology Laboratories, Innovative Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Miyoshi
- Discovery Technology Laboratories, Innovative Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Jun Kikuchi
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuntaro Saito
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Akiyama
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kunio Sugahara
- Research Unit Immunology & Inflammation, Innovative Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Yoshimoto
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Kaneko
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Chiba
- Research Unit Immunology & Inflammation, Innovative Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa, Japan.
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Tsutomu Takeuchi
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Saitama Medical University, Iruma-gun, Saitama, Japan
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16
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Akama-Garren EH, Yin X, Prestwood TR, Ma M, Utz PJ, Carroll MC. T cell help shapes B cell tolerance. Sci Immunol 2024; 9:eadj7029. [PMID: 38363829 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.adj7029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
T cell help is a crucial component of the normal humoral immune response, yet whether it promotes or restrains autoreactive B cell responses remains unclear. Here, we observe that autoreactive germinal centers require T cell help for their formation and persistence. Using retrogenic chimeras transduced with candidate TCRs, we demonstrate that a follicular T cell repertoire restricted to a single autoreactive TCR, but not a foreign antigen-specific TCR, is sufficient to initiate autoreactive germinal centers. Follicular T cell specificity influences the breadth of epitope spreading by regulating wild-type B cell entry into autoreactive germinal centers. These results demonstrate that TCR-dependent T cell help can promote loss of B cell tolerance and that epitope spreading is determined by TCR specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliot H Akama-Garren
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Xihui Yin
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Tyler R Prestwood
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Minghe Ma
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Paul J Utz
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Michael C Carroll
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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17
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Désy O, Béland S, Thivierge MP, Marcoux M, Desgagnés JS, Bouchard-Boivin F, Gama A, Riopel J, Latulippe E, De Serres SA. T follicular helper cells expansion in transplant recipients correlates with graft infiltration and adverse outcomes. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1275933. [PMID: 38384450 PMCID: PMC10879567 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1275933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The process of immunization following vaccination in humans bears similarities to that of immunization with allografts. Whereas vaccination aims to elicit a rapid response, in the transplant recipient, immunosuppressants slow the immunization to alloantigens. The induction of CD4+CXCR5+ T follicular helper (Tfh) cells has been shown to correlate with the success of vaccine immunization. Method We studied a cohort of 65 transplant recipients who underwent histological evaluation concurrent with PBMC isolation and follow-up sampling to investigate the phenotypic profiles in the blood and allotissue and analyze their association with clinical events. Results The proportion of circulating Tfh cells was heterogeneous over time. Patients in whom this compartment increased had lower CCR7-PD1+CD4+CXCR5+ T cells during follow-up. These patients exhibited more alloreactive CD4+ T cells using HLA-DR-specific tetramers and a greater proportion of detectable circulating plasmablasts than the controls. Examination of baseline biopsies revealed that expansion of the circulating Tfh compartment did not follow prior intragraft leukocyte infiltration. However, multicolor immunofluorescence microscopy of the grafts showed a greater proportion of CXCR5+ T cells than in the controls. CD4+CXCR5+ cells were predominantly PD1+ and were in close contact with B cells in situ. Despite clinical stability at baseline, circulating Tfh expansion was associated with a higher risk of a composite of anti-HLA donor-specific antibodies, rejection, lower graft function, or graft loss. Conclusion In otherwise stable patients post-transplant, circulating Tfh expansion can identify ongoing alloreactivity, detectable before allograft injury. Tfh expansion is relevant clinically because it predicts poor graft prognosis. These findings have implications for immune surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Désy
- Transplantation Unit, Renal Division, Department of Medicine, University Health Center of Quebec, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Stéphanie Béland
- Transplantation Unit, Renal Division, Department of Medicine, University Health Center of Quebec, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Marie-Pier Thivierge
- Transplantation Unit, Renal Division, Department of Medicine, University Health Center of Quebec, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Meagan Marcoux
- Transplantation Unit, Renal Division, Department of Medicine, University Health Center of Quebec, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-Simon Desgagnés
- Transplantation Unit, Renal Division, Department of Medicine, University Health Center of Quebec, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - François Bouchard-Boivin
- Transplantation Unit, Renal Division, Department of Medicine, University Health Center of Quebec, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Alcino Gama
- Transplantation Unit, Renal Division, Department of Medicine, University Health Center of Quebec, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Julie Riopel
- Pathology Division, Department of Medicine, University Health Center of Quebec, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Eva Latulippe
- Pathology Division, Department of Medicine, University Health Center of Quebec, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Sacha A. De Serres
- Transplantation Unit, Renal Division, Department of Medicine, University Health Center of Quebec, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
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18
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Afsar B, Afsar RE. Salt Behind the Scenes of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Rheumatoid Arthritis. Curr Nutr Rep 2023; 12:830-844. [PMID: 37980312 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-023-00509-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Sodium is vital for human health. High salt intake is a global health problem and is associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Recent evidence suggests that both innate and adaptive immune systems are affected by sodium. In general, excess salt intake drives immune cells toward a pro-inflammatory phenotype. The incidence of autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), is steadily increasing. As excess salt induces a pro-inflammatory state, increased salt intake may have impacts on autoimmune diseases. The relationship between salt intake and autoimmune diseases is most widely studied in patients with SLE or RA. This review aimed to summarize the relationship between salt intake and SLE and RA. RECENT FINDINGS Most, but not all, of these studies showed that high salt intake might promote SLE by M1 macrophage shift, increase in Th17/Treg cell ratio, activation of dendritic and follicular helper T cells, and increased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In RA, apart from driving immune cells toward a pro-inflammatory state, high salt intake also influences cellular signaling pathways, including receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL), Rho GTPases, and MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase). There is now sufficient evidence that excess salt intake may be related to the development and progression of SLE and RA, although there are still knowledge gaps. More studies are warranted to further highlight the relationship between excess salt intake, SLE, and RA. Salt intake may affect cell types and pro-inflammatory cytokines and signaling pathways associated with the development and progression of systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis. Bcl-6 B-cell lymphoma, 6 Erk extracellular signal-regulated kinases, IFN-γ interferon-gamma, JNK c-Jun N-terminal kinase, IL-4 interleukin 4, IL-6 interleukin 6, MAPK mitogen-activated protein kinase, STAT signal transducer and activator of transcription, Tnf-α tumor necrosis factor, Treg T regulatory cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baris Afsar
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, 32260, Turkey.
| | - Rengin Elsurer Afsar
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, 32260, Turkey
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19
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Akiyama M, Alshehri W, Yoshimoto K, Kaneko Y. T follicular helper cells and T peripheral helper cells in rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases. Ann Rheum Dis 2023; 82:1371-1381. [PMID: 37414520 DOI: 10.1136/ard-2023-224225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Recent technological progress has greatly advanced our understanding of human immunology. In particular, the discovery of human T follicular helper (Tfh) and T peripheral helper (Tph) cells has significantly advanced our understanding of human adaptive immune system. Tfh and Tph cells share similar molecular characteristics and both play critical roles in B cell differentiation and maturation. However, they differ in their functional properties, such as chemokine receptor expression and cytokine production. As a result, Tfh cells are mainly involved in B cell differentiation and maturation in germinal centres of secondary lymphoid tissues, while Tph cells are involved in B cell differentiation and tissue damage in peripheral inflammatory lesions. Importantly, the involvement of Tfh and Tph cells in the pathogenesis of rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases has become clear. In rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus, Tph cell infiltration is predominant in peripheral inflammatory lesions, whereas Tfh cell infiltration is predominant in the affected lesions of IgG4-related disease. Therefore, the contribution of Tfh and Tph cells to the development of rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases varies depending on each disease. In this review, we provide an overview of human Tfh and Tph cells and summarise the latest findings on these novel T cell subsets in various rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuhiro Akiyama
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Japan
| | - Waleed Alshehri
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Japan
| | - Keiko Yoshimoto
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Japan
| | - Yuko Kaneko
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Japan
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20
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LaBere B, Nguyen AA, Habiballah SB, Elkins M, Imperial J, Li B, Devana S, Timilsina S, Stubbs SB, Joerger J, Chou J, Platt CD. Clinical utility of measuring CD4 + T follicular cells in patients with immune dysregulation. J Autoimmun 2023; 140:103088. [PMID: 37549449 PMCID: PMC10839119 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2023.103088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Mechanistic studies of autoimmune disorders have identified circulating T follicular helper (cTfh) cells as drivers of autoimmunity. However, the quantification of cTfh cells is not yet used in clinical practice due to the lack of age-stratified normal ranges and the unknown sensitivity and specificity of this test for autoimmunity. We enrolled 238 healthy participants and 130 patients with common and rare disorders of autoimmunity or autoinflammation. Patients with infections, active malignancy, or any history of transplantation were excluded. In 238 healthy controls, median cTfh percentages (range 4.8%-6.2%) were comparable among age groups, sexes, races, and ethnicities, apart from a significantly lower percentages in children less than 1 year of age (median 2.1%, CI: 0.4%-6.8, p < 0.0001). Among 130 patients with over 40 immune regulatory disorders, a cTfh percentage exceeding 12% had 88% sensitivity and 94% specificity for differentiating disorders with adaptive immune cell dysregulation from those with predominantly innate cell defects. This threshold had a sensitivity of 86% and specificity of 100% for active autoimmunity and normalized with effective treatment. cTfh percentages exceeding 12% distinguish autoimmunity from autoinflammation, thereby differentiating two endotypes of immune dysregulation with overlapping symptoms and different therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenna LaBere
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alan A Nguyen
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Saddiq B Habiballah
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Megan Elkins
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Juliet Imperial
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Betty Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Suraj Timilsina
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Spencer B Stubbs
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jill Joerger
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Janet Chou
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Craig D Platt
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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21
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Yang L, Ma J, Niu P, Zhang B, Wang Z. Synovial inducible costimulator is correlated with severity in knee osteoarthritis. Scand J Immunol 2023; 98:e13315. [PMID: 38441341 DOI: 10.1111/sji.13315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint disease characterized by articular cartilage loss, which afflicts many people worldwide. Knowing the disease severity can improve the recovery rate of OA. Antibody array technology was utilized for protein expression profiling of synovial fluid from eight mild knee OA patients, eight severe knee OA patients and 16 healthy persons. Subsequently, 48 mild OA patients, 56 severe OA patients and 24 healthy controls were utilized for validation by ELISA. In the protein expression profiling, inducible costimulator (ICOS) levels were markedly higher in OA patients compared with those in the healthy population, and were significantly higher in severe OA than those in mild OA. Furthermore, ICOS levels were shown to be significantly correlated with WOMAC, MRI-MOAKS and MRI-UTE-T2* scores. The multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that higher levels of ICOS could significantly increase the risk of severe OA. Synovial ICOS levels were positively correlated with the radiographic severity of OA. ICOS may represent a biomarker for predicting the OA severity and may be involved in the development and progression of knee OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lvlin Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, Ningxia Province, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, Ningxia Province, China
| | - Pengying Niu
- Department of Medical Imaging Center, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, Ningxia Province, China
| | - Bowen Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, Ningxia Province, China
| | - Zhiyan Wang
- Department of Emergency, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, Ningxia Province, China
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22
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Mudd P, Borcherding N, Kim W, Quinn M, Han F, Zhou J, Sturtz A, Schmitz A, Lei T, Schattgen S, Klebert M, Suessen T, Middleton W, Goss C, Liu C, Crawford J, Thomas P, Teefey S, Presti R, O'Halloran J, Turner J, Ellebedy A. Antigen-specific CD4 + T cells exhibit distinct transcriptional phenotypes in the lymph node and blood following vaccination in humans. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3304466. [PMID: 37790414 PMCID: PMC10543502 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3304466/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection and mRNA vaccination induce robust CD4+ T cell responses that are critical for the development of protective immunity. Here, we evaluated spike-specific CD4+ T cells in the blood and draining lymph node (dLN) of human subjects following BNT162b2 mRNA vaccination using single-cell transcriptomics. We analyze multiple spike-specific CD4+ T cell clonotypes, including novel clonotypes we define here using Trex, a new deep learning-based reverse epitope mapping method integrating single-cell T cell receptor (TCR) sequencing and transcriptomics to predict antigen-specificity. Human dLN spike-specific T follicular helper cells (TFH) exhibited distinct phenotypes, including germinal center (GC)-TFH and IL-10+ TFH, that varied over time during the GC response. Paired TCR clonotype analysis revealed tissue-specific segregation of circulating and dLN clonotypes, despite numerous spike-specific clonotypes in each compartment. Analysis of a separate SARS-CoV-2 infection cohort revealed circulating spike-specific CD4+ T cell profiles distinct from those found following BNT162b2 vaccination. Our findings provide an atlas of human antigen-specific CD4+ T cell transcriptional phenotypes in the dLN and blood following vaccination or infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Charles Goss
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University in St.Louis
| | - Chang Liu
- Washington University School of Medicine
| | | | | | | | | | - Jane O'Halloran
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Washington University in St.Louis
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23
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Mikami N, Sakaguchi S. Regulatory T cells in autoimmune kidney diseases and transplantation. Nat Rev Nephrol 2023; 19:544-557. [PMID: 37400628 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-023-00733-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Regulatory T (Treg) cells that express the transcription factor forkhead box protein P3 (FOXP3) are naturally present in the immune system and have roles in the maintenance of immunological self-tolerance and immune system and tissue homeostasis. Treg cells suppress T cell activation, expansion and effector functions by various mechanisms, particularly by controlling the functions of antigen-presenting cells. They can also contribute to tissue repair by suppressing inflammation and facilitating tissue regeneration, for example, via the production of growth factors and the promotion of stem cell differentiation and proliferation. Monogenic anomalies of Treg cells and genetic variations of Treg cell functional molecules can cause or predispose patients to the development of autoimmune diseases and other inflammatory disorders, including kidney diseases. Treg cells can potentially be utilized or targeted to treat immunological diseases and establish transplantation tolerance, for example, by expanding natural Treg cells in vivo using IL-2 or small molecules or by expanding them in vitro for adoptive Treg cell therapy. Efforts are also being made to convert antigen-specific conventional T cells into Treg cells and to generate chimeric antigen receptor Treg cells from natural Treg cells for adoptive Treg cell therapies with the aim of achieving antigen-specific immune suppression and tolerance in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norihisa Mikami
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shimon Sakaguchi
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
- Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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24
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Linterman MA. Age-dependent changes in T follicular helper cells shape the humoral immune response to vaccination. Semin Immunol 2023; 69:101801. [PMID: 37379670 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2023.101801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Vaccination is an excellent strategy to limit the morbidity and mortality associated with infectious disease. Vaccination creates protective, long-lived antibody-mediated immunity by inducing the germinal centre response, an intricate immune reaction that produces memory B cells and long-lived antibody-secreting plasma cells that provide protection against (re)infection. The magnitude and quality of the germinal centre response declines with age, contributing to poor vaccine-induced immunity in older individuals. T follicular helper cells are essential for the formation and function of the germinal centre response. This review will discuss how age-dependent changes in T follicular helper cells influence the germinal centre response, and the evidence that age-dependent changes need not be a barrier to successful vaccination in the later years of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle A Linterman
- Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, United Kingdom.
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25
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Luo R, Chang D, Zhang N, Cheng Y, Ge S, Xu G. T Follicular Helper Cells in Tertiary Lymphoid Structure Contribute to Renal Fibrosis by IL-21. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12535. [PMID: 37628716 PMCID: PMC10454845 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Tertiary lymphoid structure (TLS) represents lymphocyte clusters in non-lymphoid organs. The formation and maintenance of TLS are dependent on follicular helper T (TFH) cells. However, the role of TFH cells during renal TLS formation and the renal fibrotic process has not been comprehensively elucidated in chronic kidney disease. Here, we detected the circulating TFH cells from 57 IgAN patients and found that the frequency of TFH cells was increased in IgA nephropathy patients with renal TLS and also increased in renal tissues from the ischemic-reperfusion-injury (IRI)-induced TLS model. The inducible T-cell co-stimulator (ICOS) is one of the surface marker molecules of TFH. Remarkably, the application of an ICOS-neutralizing antibody effectively prevented the upregulation of TFH cells and expression of its canonical functional mediator IL-21, and also reduced renal TLS formation and renal fibrosis in IRI mice in vivo. In the study of this mechanism, we found that recombinant IL-21 could directly promote renal fibrosis and the expression of p65. Furthermore, BAY 11-7085, a p65 selective inhibitor, could effectively alleviate the profibrotic effect induced by IL-21 stimulation. Our results together suggested that TFH cells contribute to TLS formation and renal fibrosis by IL-21. Targeting the ICOS-signaling pathway network could reduce TFH cell infiltration and alleviate renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Shuwang Ge
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (R.L.)
| | - Gang Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (R.L.)
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26
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Xin Y, He Z, Mei Y, Li X, Zhao Z, Zhao M, Yang M, Wu H. Interferon-α regulates abnormally increased expression of RSAD2 in Th17 and Tfh cells in systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Eur J Immunol 2023; 53:e2350420. [PMID: 37179450 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202350420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease that often involves abnormal activation of regulatory IFN genes and regulation of B cells by CD4+ T cells. Radical S-adenosyl methionine domain containing 2 (RSAD2) is a viral suppressor protein regulated by type I IFN, and it has been proven to play an important regulatory role in SLE. However, the mechanism by which RSAD2 participates in the pathogenesis of SLE is unclear. In this study, we observed higher expression levels of RSAD2 in CD4+ T-cell subsets from the peripheral blood of SLE patients than in those from healthy controls by bioinformatics analysis and validation experiments. We analyzed the expression of RSAD2 in CD4+ T cells of patients with SLE and other autoimmune diseases. In addition, we found that the expression of RSAD2 in CD4+ T cells might be regulated by IFN-α, and RSAD2 significantly affected the differentiation of Th17 cells and T follicular helper (Tfh) cells. Our findings underlined that RSAD2 may promote B-cell activation by promoting the differentiation of Th17 and Tfh cells in SLE patients, a process that is regulated by IFN-α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Xin
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Zhenghao He
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Yang Mei
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Xi Li
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Zhidan Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Mingming Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Haijing Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Central South University, Hunan, China
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27
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Nakayamada S, Tanaka Y. Immune Phenotype as a Biomarker for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Biomolecules 2023; 13:960. [PMID: 37371540 DOI: 10.3390/biom13060960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The treatment of rheumatoid arthritis was revolutionized with the use of molecular-targeted drugs that target immunoregulatory molecules. The success of treatment with these drugs prompted the development of molecular-targeted drugs for systemic lupus erythematosus. However, systemic lupus erythematosus is a disease with high heterogeneous immune abnormalities, and diverse cells or molecules can be treatment targets. Thus, the identification of subpopulations based on immune abnormalities is essential for the development of effective treatment. One analytical method used to identify subpopulations is the immunophenotyping of peripheral blood samples of patients. This analysis evaluates the validity of target molecules for peripheral blood immune cell subsets, which are expected to be developed as biomarkers for precision medicine in which appropriate treatment targets are set for each subpopulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Nakayamada
- The First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahata-nishi-ku, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Tanaka
- The First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahata-nishi-ku, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Fukuoka, Japan
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28
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LaBere B, Nguyen AA, Habiballah SB, Elkins M, Imperial J, Li B, Devana S, Timilsina S, Stubbs SB, Joerger J, Chou J, Platt CD. Clinical utility of measuring CD4 + T follicular cells in patients with immune dysregulation. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.06.06.23291032. [PMID: 37333344 PMCID: PMC10274986 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.06.23291032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Mechanistic studies of autoimmune disorders have identified circulating T follicular helper (cTfh) cells as drivers of autoimmunity. However, the quantification of cTfh cells is not yet used in clinical practice due to the lack of age-stratified normal ranges and the unknown sensitivity and specificity of this test for autoimmunity. We enrolled 238 healthy participants and 130 patients with common and rare disorders of autoimmunity or autoinflammation. Patients with infections, active malignancy, or any history of transplantation were excluded. In 238 healthy controls, median cTfh percentages (range 4.8% - 6.2%) were comparable among age groups, sexes, races, and ethnicities, apart from a significantly lower percentages in children less than 1 year of age (median 2.1%, CI: 0.4% - 6.8, p< 0.0001). Among 130 patients with over 40 immune regulatory disorders, a cTfh percentage exceeding 12% had 88% sensitivity and 94% specificity for differentiating disorders with adaptive immune cell dysregulation from those with predominantly innate cell defects. This threshold had a sensitivity of 86% and specificity of 100% for active autoimmunity and normalized with effective treatment. cTfh percentages exceeding 12% distinguish autoimmunity from autoinflammation, thereby differentiating two endotypes of immune dysregulation with overlapping symptoms and different therapies.
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29
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Lin N, Yin W, Miller H, Byazrova MG, Herrada AA, Benlagha K, Lee P, Guan F, Lei J, Gong Q, Yan Y, Filatov A, Liu C. The role of regulatory T cells and follicular T helper cells in HBV infection. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1169601. [PMID: 37275865 PMCID: PMC10235474 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1169601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B has become one of the major global health threats, especially in developing countries and regions. Hepatitis B virus infection greatly increases the risk for liver diseases such as cirrhosis and cancer. However, treatment for hepatitis B is limited when considering the huge base of infected people. The immune response against hepatitis B is mediated mainly by CD8+ T cells, which are key to fighting invading viruses, while regulatory T cells prevent overreaction of the immune response process. Additionally, follicular T helper cells play a key role in B-cell activation, proliferation, differentiation, and formation of germinal centers. The pathogenic process of hepatitis B virus is generally the result of a disorder or dysfunction of the immune system. Therefore, we present in this review the critical functions and related biological processes of regulatory T cells and follicular T helper cells during HBV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nengqi Lin
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Disease, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Yin
- Wuhan Children’s Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Heather Miller
- Department of Research and Development, BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA, United States
| | - Maria G. Byazrova
- Laboratory of Immunochemistry, National Research Center Institute of Immunology, Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrés A. Herrada
- Lymphatic Vasculature and Inflammation Research Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca, Chile
| | - Kamel Benlagha
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, EMiLy, Paris, France
| | - Pamela Lee
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Fei Guan
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Disease, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiahui Lei
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Disease, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Quan Gong
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- Clinical Molecular Immunology Center, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Youqing Yan
- Department of Infectious Disease, Wuhan No.7 Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Alexander Filatov
- Laboratory of Immunochemistry, National Research Center Institute of Immunology, Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - Chaohong Liu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Disease, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Kojima M, Suzuki K, Takeshita M, Ohyagi M, Iizuka M, Yamane H, Koga K, Kouro T, Kassai Y, Yoshihara T, Adachi R, Hashikami K, Ota Y, Yoshimoto K, Kaneko Y, Morita R, Yoshimura A, Takeuchi T. Anti-human-TIGIT agonistic antibody ameliorates autoimmune diseases by inhibiting Tfh and Tph cells and enhancing Treg cells. Commun Biol 2023; 6:500. [PMID: 37161050 PMCID: PMC10170076 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04874-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
T cells play important roles in autoimmune diseases, but it remains unclear how to optimally manipulate them. We focused on the T cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains (TIGIT), a coinhibitory molecule that regulates and is expressed in T cells. In autoimmune diseases, the association between TIGIT-expressing cells and pathogenesis and the function of human-TIGIT (hu-TIGIT) signalling modification have not been fully elucidated. Here we generated anti-hu-TIGIT agonistic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and generated hu-TIGIT knock-in mice to accurately evaluate the efficacy of mAb function. Our mAb suppressed the activation of CD4+ T cells, especially follicular helper T and peripheral helper T cells that highly expressed TIGIT, and enhanced the suppressive function of naïve regulatory T cells. These results indicate that our mAb has advantages in restoring the imbalance of T cells that are activated in autoimmune diseases and suggest potential clinical applications for anti-hu-TIGIT agonistic mAbs as therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marenori Kojima
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsuya Suzuki
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaru Takeshita
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Ohyagi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mana Iizuka
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Humitsugu Yamane
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Koga
- Immunology Unit, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa City, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Taku Kouro
- Immunology Unit, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa City, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Kassai
- Immunology Unit, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa City, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tomoki Yoshihara
- Biomolecular Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa City, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ryutaro Adachi
- Biomolecular Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa City, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kentarou Hashikami
- Biomolecular Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa City, Kanagawa, Japan
- Axcelead Drug Discovery Partners, Inc., Fujisawa City, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Ota
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Yoshimoto
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Kaneko
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rimpei Morita
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihiko Yoshimura
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Takeuchi
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
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Solé P, Yamanouchi J, Garnica J, Uddin MM, Clarke R, Moro J, Garabatos N, Thiessen S, Ortega M, Singha S, Mondal D, Fandos C, Saez-Rodriguez J, Yang Y, Serra P, Santamaria P. A T follicular helper cell origin for T regulatory type 1 cells. Cell Mol Immunol 2023; 20:489-511. [PMID: 36973489 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-023-00989-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractChronic antigenic stimulation can trigger the differentiation of antigen-experienced CD4+ T cells into T regulatory type 1 (TR1) cells, a subset of interleukin-10-producing Treg cells that do not express FOXP3. The identities of the progenitor(s) and transcriptional regulators of this T-cell subset remain unclear. Here, we show that the peptide-major histocompatibility complex class II (pMHCII) monospecific immunoregulatory T-cell pools that arise in vivo in different genetic backgrounds in response to pMHCII-coated nanoparticles (pMHCII-NPs) are invariably comprised of oligoclonal subpools of T follicular helper (TFH) and TR1 cells with a nearly identical clonotypic composition but different functional properties and transcription factor expression profiles. Pseudotime analyses of scRNAseq data and multidimensional mass cytometry revealed progressive downregulation and upregulation of TFH and TR1 markers, respectively. Furthermore, pMHCII-NPs trigger cognate TR1 cell formation in TFH cell-transfused immunodeficient hosts, and T-cell-specific deletion of Bcl6 or Irf4 blunts both the TFH expansion and TR1 formation induced by pMHCII-NPs. In contrast, deletion of Prdm1 selectively abrogates the TFH-to-TR1 conversion. Bcl6 and Prdm1 are also necessary for anti-CD3 mAb-induced TR1 formation. Thus, TFH cells can differentiate into TR1 cells in vivo, and BLIMP1 is a gatekeeper of this cellular reprogramming event.
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Lee V, Rodriguez DM, Ganci NK, Zeng S, Ai J, Chao JL, Walker MT, Miller CH, Klawon DEJ, Schoenbach MH, Kennedy DE, Maienschein-Cline M, Socci ND, Clark MR, Savage PA. The endogenous repertoire harbors self-reactive CD4 + T cell clones that adopt a follicular helper T cell-like phenotype at steady state. Nat Immunol 2023; 24:487-500. [PMID: 36759711 PMCID: PMC9992328 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-023-01425-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
The T cell repertoire of healthy mice and humans harbors self-reactive CD4+ conventional T (Tconv) cells capable of inducing autoimmunity. Using T cell receptor profiling paired with in vivo clonal analysis of T cell differentiation, we identified Tconv cell clones that are recurrently enriched in non-lymphoid organs following ablation of Foxp3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells. A subset of these clones was highly proliferative in the lymphoid organs at steady state and exhibited overt reactivity to self-ligands displayed by dendritic cells, yet were not purged by clonal deletion. These clones spontaneously adopted numerous hallmarks of follicular helper T (TFH) cells, including expression of Bcl6 and PD-1, exhibited an elevated propensity to localize within B cell follicles at steady state, and produced interferon-γ in non-lymphoid organs following sustained Treg cell depletion. Our work identifies a naturally occurring population of self-reactive TFH-like cells and delineates a previously unappreciated fate for self-specific Tconv cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Lee
- Interdisciplinary Scientist Training Program, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Donald M Rodriguez
- Interdisciplinary Scientist Training Program, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Nicole K Ganci
- Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sharon Zeng
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Junting Ai
- Section of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Gwen Knapp Center for Lupus and Immunology Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jaime L Chao
- Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Matthew T Walker
- Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Christine H Miller
- Interdisciplinary Scientist Training Program, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - David E J Klawon
- Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Domenick E Kennedy
- Section of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Gwen Knapp Center for Lupus and Immunology Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Drug Discovery Science and Technology, AbbVie, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mark Maienschein-Cline
- Research Informatics Core, Research Resources Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Nicholas D Socci
- Bioinformatics Core, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marcus R Clark
- Section of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Gwen Knapp Center for Lupus and Immunology Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Peter A Savage
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Li T, Yang CL, Du T, Zhang P, Zhou Y, Li XL, Wang CC, Liu Y, Li H, Zhang M, Duan RS. Diabetes mellitus aggravates humoral immune response in myasthenia gravis by promoting differentiation and activation of circulating Tfh cells. Clin Immunol 2022; 245:109141. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2022.109141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Peripheral immunophenotypes associated with the flare in the systemic lupus erythematosus patients with low disease activity state. Clin Immunol 2022; 245:109166. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2022.109166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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MiR-29a-3p negatively regulates circulating Tfh memory cells in patients with Graves’ disease by targeting ICOS. Immunol Res 2022; 71:173-184. [PMID: 36322282 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-022-09333-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small endogenous noncoding RNAs that regulate genome expression posttranscriptionally and are involved in autoimmune diseases. Previous studies have indicated that follicular helper T (Tfh) cells play a critical role in the pathogenesis of Graves' disease (GD). However, the molecular mechanisms that contribute to circulating Tfh memory cell response in GD patients remain incompletely understood. This study aimed to investigate the role of miRNAs on circulating Tfh memory cells in GD patients. Herein, our data showed that the proportion of circulating Tfh memory cells, the transcript levels of IL-21, and the plasma concentrations of IL-21 were increased in the peripheral blood from GD patients. We also found that inducible co-stimulator (ICOS) expression, an important molecule expressed on Tfh cells, were significantly augmented in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from GD patients and positively correlated with the percentage of circulating Tfh memory cells and the transcript levels of IL-21 in GD. Intriguingly, miRNA sequencing screened miR-29a-3p expression was downregulated and inversely correlated with ICOS expression and the frequency of circulating Tfh memory cells in patients with GD. Luciferase assay demonstrated that ICOS was the direct target gene of miR-29a-3p, and miR-29a-3p could inhibit ICOS at both transcriptional and translational levels. Overexpression of miR-29a-3p reduced the proportion of circulating Tfh memory cells. Moreover, miR-29a-3p expression negatively correlated with serum concentrations of TSH receptor antibody (TRAb) in GD patients. Collectively, our results demonstrate that miR-29a-3p emerges as a post-transcriptional brake to limit circulating Tfh memory cell response in GD patients and may be involved in the pathogenesis of GD.
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36
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Corneth OBJ, Neys SFH, Hendriks RW. Aberrant B Cell Signaling in Autoimmune Diseases. Cells 2022; 11:cells11213391. [PMID: 36359789 PMCID: PMC9654300 DOI: 10.3390/cells11213391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant B cell signaling plays a critical in role in various systemic and organ-specific autoimmune diseases. This is supported by genetic evidence by many functional studies in B cells from patients or specific animal models and by the observed efficacy of small-molecule inhibitors. In this review, we first discuss key signal transduction pathways downstream of the B cell receptor (BCR) that ensure that autoreactive B cells are removed from the repertoire or functionally silenced. We provide an overview of aberrant BCR signaling that is associated with inappropriate B cell repertoire selection and activation or survival of peripheral B cell populations and plasma cells, finally leading to autoantibody formation. Next to BCR signaling, abnormalities in other signal transduction pathways have been implicated in autoimmune disease. These include reduced activity of several phosphates that are downstream of co-inhibitory receptors on B cells and increased levels of BAFF and APRIL, which support survival of B cells and plasma cells. Importantly, pathogenic synergy of the BCR and Toll-like receptors (TLR), which can be activated by endogenous ligands, such as self-nucleic acids, has been shown to enhance autoimmunity. Finally, we will briefly discuss therapeutic strategies for autoimmune disease based on interfering with signal transduction in B cells.
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Szabó K, Jámbor I, Pázmándi K, Nagy N, Papp G, Tarr T. Altered Circulating Follicular T Helper Cell Subsets and Follicular T Regulatory Cells Are Indicators of a Derailed B Cell Response in Lupus, Which Could Be Modified by Targeting IL-21R. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012209. [PMID: 36293075 PMCID: PMC9602506 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by the breakdown of self-tolerance, the production of high-affinity pathogenic autoantibodies and derailed B cell responses, which indicates the importance of central players, such as follicular T helper (TFH) subsets and follicular T regulatory (TFR) cells, in the pathomechanism of the disease. In this study, we aimed to analyze the distribution of the circulating counterparts of these cells and their association with disease characteristics and B cell disproportions in SLE. We found that the increased percentage of activated circulating TFH (cTFH) and cTFR cells was more pronounced in cutaneous lupus; however, among cTFH subsets, the frequency of cTFH17 cells was decreased in patients with lupus nephritis. Furthermore, the decreased proportion of cTFH17 cells was associated with low complement C4 levels and high disease activity scores. We also investigated whether the blocking of the IL-21 receptor (IL-21R) with an anti-IL-21R monoclonal antibody inhibits the B cell response, since IL-21 primarily produced by TFH cells potentially promotes humoral immunity. We observed that anti-IL-21R inhibited plasmablast generation and immunoglobulin production. Our study demonstrated that, besides cTFR/cTFH imbalance, cTFH17 cells play a crucial role in SLE pathogenesis, and modulating cTFH-B cell interaction through the IL-21/IL-21R pathway may be a promising therapeutic strategy to suppress the pathological B cell response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krisztina Szabó
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Institute of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Correspondence:
| | - Ilona Jámbor
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Institute of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Kitti Pázmándi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Nikolett Nagy
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Institute of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gábor Papp
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Institute of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tünde Tarr
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Institute of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
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Dei Zotti F, Moriconi C, Qiu A, Miller A, Hudson KE. Distinct CD4+ T cell signature in ANA-positive young adult patients. Front Immunol 2022; 13:972127. [PMCID: PMC9608560 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.972127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Failure of immune tolerance can lead to autoantibody production resulting in autoimmune diseases, a broad spectrum of organ-specific or systemic disorders. Immune tolerance mechanisms regulate autoreactive T and B cells, yet some lymphocytes escape and promote autoantibody production. CD4+ T cell dysregulation, characterized by decreased or impaired regulatory cells (Tregs) and/or accumulation of memory and effector T cells such as TH17, plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of these diseases. Antinuclear antibody (ANAs) testing is used as a first step for the diagnosis of autoimmune disorders, although most ANA-positive individuals do not have nor will develop an autoimmune disease. Studying the differences of T cell compartment among healthy blood donors, ANA-negative patients and ANA-positive patients, in which loss of tolerance have not led to autoimmunity, may improve our understanding on how tolerance mechanisms fail. Herein, we report that ANA-positive patients exhibit a distinct distribution of T cell subsets: significantly reduced frequencies of recent thymic emigrants (RTE) and naïve T cells, and significantly increased frequencies of central memory T cells, TH2 and TH17 cells; modulations within the T cell compartment are most profound within the 18-40 year age range. Moreover, CD4+ T cells in ANA-positive patients are metabolically active, as determined by a significant increase in mTORC1 and mTORC2 signals, compared to ANA-negative patients and healthy blood donors. No significant impairment of Treg numbers or pro-inflammatory cytokine production was observed. These results identify a unique T cell signature associated with autoantibody production in the absence of autoimmune disease.
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Decreased Jumonji Domain-Containing 3 at the Promoter Downregulates Hematopoietic Progenitor Kinase 1 Expression and Cytoactivity of T Follicular Helper Cells from Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:3690892. [PMID: 36213329 PMCID: PMC9534702 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3690892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
T follicular helper (Tfh) cells are overactivated in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients and contribute to excessive immunity. Hematopoietic progenitor kinase 1 (HPK1), as an inhibitor of T cells, is underexpressed in SLE Tfh cells and consequently induces autoimmunity. However, the reason for downregulation of HPK1 in SLE Tfh cells remains elusive. By combining chromatin immunoprecipitation with quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays, it was found that histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) at the HPK1 promoter in SLE Tfh cells elevated greatly. We also confirmed jumonji domain-containing 3 (JMJD3) binding at the HPK1 promoter in SLE Tfh cells reduced profoundly. Knocking down JMJD3 in normal Tfh cells with siRNA alleviated enrichments of JMJD3, H3K4me3, and mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL) 1 at the HPK1 promoter and increased H3K27me3 number in the region. HPK1 expression was lowered, while Tfh cell proliferation activity, IL-21 and IFNγ secretions in the supernatants of Tfh cells, and IgG1 and IgG3 concentrations in the supernatants of Tfh-B cell cocultures all upregulated markedly. In contrast, elevating JMJD3 amount in SLE Tfh cells by JMJD3-overexpressed plasmid showed opposite effects. The abundances of H3K4me3 and MLL1 at the HPK1 promoter in SLE Tfh cells were greatly attenuated. Our results suggest that deficient JMJD3 binding at the promoter dampens HPK1 expression in SLE Tfh cells, thus making Tfh cells overactive, and ultimately results in onset of SLE.
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Cai Y, Burton JM, Shi FD, Qiu W, Guan Y. Editorial: Advances in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. Front Neurol 2022; 13:1005164. [PMID: 36090871 PMCID: PMC9459322 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.1005164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Cai
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
- *Correspondence: Yu Cai
| | - Jodie M. Burton
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Jodie M. Burton
| | - Fu-Dong Shi
- Center for Neuroinflammation, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Fu-Dong Shi
| | - Wei Qiu
- Department of Neurology, Center for Mental and Neurological Disorders and Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Wei Qiu
| | - Yangtai Guan
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Yangtai Guan
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Harrer C, Otto F, Radlberger RF, Moser T, Pilz G, Wipfler P, Harrer A. The CXCL13/CXCR5 Immune Axis in Health and Disease—Implications for Intrathecal B Cell Activities in Neuroinflammation. Cells 2022; 11:cells11172649. [PMID: 36078057 PMCID: PMC9454489 DOI: 10.3390/cells11172649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemokine C-X-C- ligand 13 (CXCL13) is a major B cell chemoattractant to B cell follicles in secondary lymphoid organs (SLO) that proposedly recruits B cells to the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) during neuroinflammation. CXCR5, the cognate receptor of CXCL13, is expressed on B cells and certain T cell subsets, in particular T follicular helper cells (Tfh cells), enabling them to follow CXCL13 gradients towards B cell follicles for spatial proximity, a prerequisite for productive T cell–B cell interaction. Tfh cells are essential contributors to B cell proliferation, differentiation, and high-affinity antibody synthesis and are required for germinal center formation and maintenance. Circulating Tfh cells (cTfh) have been observed in the peripheral blood and CSF. Furthermore, CXCL13/CXCR5-associated immune activities organize and shape adaptive B cell-related immune responses outside of SLO via the formation of ectopic lymphoid structures in inflamed tissues, including the central nervous system (CNS). This review summarizes the recent advances in our understanding of the CXCL13/CXCR5 immune axis and its role in vaccination, autoimmunity, and infection with a special focus on its relevance for intrathecal B cell activities in inflammatory CNS diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Harrer
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler University Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University and Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Clinical Division of Social Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ferdinand Otto
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler University Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University and Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Richard Friedrich Radlberger
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler University Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University and Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Tobias Moser
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler University Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University and Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Georg Pilz
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler University Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University and Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Peter Wipfler
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler University Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University and Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Andrea Harrer
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler University Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University and Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Correspondence:
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Abuqayyas L, Cheng LE, Teixeira dos Santos M, Sullivan BA, Ruiz‐Santiago N, Wang H, Zhou Y, Chindalore V, Cohen S, Kivitz AJ, Posch MG, Parnes JR. Safety and Biological Activity of Rozibafusp alfa, a Bispecific Inhibitor of Inducible Costimulator Ligand and B Cell Activating Factor, in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis: Results of a Phase 1b, Randomized,
Double‐Blind
,
Placebo‐Controlled
, Multiple Ascending Dose Study. ACR Open Rheumatol 2022; 4:903-911. [PMID: 35899378 PMCID: PMC9555197 DOI: 10.1002/acr2.11487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To assess the safety and biological activity of rozibafusp alfa, a first‐in‐class bispecific antibody–peptide conjugate targeting inducible costimulator ligand (ICOSL) and B cell activating factor (BAFF), in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods This phase 1b, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, multiple ascending dose study included 34 patients (18–75 years; 82.4% female) with active RA (Disease Activity Score of 28 joints–C‐reactive protein [DAS28‐CRP] >2.6, on stable methotrexate) randomized 3:1 to receive rozibafusp alfa (n = 26, in four ascending dose cohorts of 70, 140, 210, and 420 mg) or a placebo (n = 8) subcutaneously once every 2 weeks for 10 weeks (six total doses), with 24 weeks of follow‐up. The primary end point was the incidence of treatment‐emergent adverse events (TEAEs). Additional assessments included serum pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), immunogenicity, and RA disease activity measures (DAS28‐CRP, Patient Global Assessment of Disease, and Physician Global Assessment of Disease). Results TEAEs occurred in 96.2% and 87.5% of patients receiving rozibafusp alfa and the placebo, respectively; most were mild or moderate in severity. Two (7.7%) patients treated with rozibafusp alfa reported serious TEAEs; none were considered treatment related. Multiple doses of rozibafusp alfa showed nonlinear PK (mean t1/2 = 4.6–9.5 days) and dose‐related, reversible PD (>90% ICOSL receptor occupancy in 210‐ and 420‐mg cohorts; reduction in naïve B cells and increase in memory B cells in all cohorts). Five (20%) patients developed anti–rozibafusp alfa antibodies, with no apparent impact on safety. RA disease activity showed greater numerical improvement from baseline with rozibafusp alfa versus the placebo in the 210‐ and 420‐mg cohorts. Conclusion Multiple ascending doses of rozibafusp alfa were well tolerated, with PK and PD reflecting dual ICOSL and BAFF blockade. Findings support further clinical evaluation of rozibafusp alfa in autoimmune disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Hui Wang
- Amgen Inc. Thousand Oaks California
| | | | | | | | - Alan J. Kivitz
- Altoona Center for Clinical Research Duncansville Pennsylvania
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Mao M, Xu S, Lin L, Dong D, Xue M, He S, Cai G. Impact of Corticosteroids on the Proportions of Circulating Tfh Cell Subsets in Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematous. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:949334. [PMID: 35865165 PMCID: PMC9294243 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.949334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to analyze the distribution of T follicular helper (Tfh) cells in lupus patients, and the effects of steroids on circulating Tfh cells. Methods Circulating Tfh cell subsets were defined by multicolor flow cytometry as Tfh17, Tfh2 or Tfh1 subpopulations of CXCR5+CD45RA–CD4+ T cells in the peripheral blood of SLE patients and healthy controls. To test the effects of corticosteroid on Tfh cells, PBMC harvested from both SLE and healthy controls were cocultured with dexamethasone, and then analyzed by Flow cytometry. Results The proportion of Tfh17 cells in SLE patients was increased significantly compared with healthy controls. Additionally, patients with an active disease had reduced Tfh1 subsets than those with an inactive disease and healthy controls. The frequency of Tfh2 cells was associated with the proportion of circulating plasmablasts and the amount of anti-dsDNA. Dexamethasone reduced the percentage of Tfh2 cells while increased the proportion of Tfh17 subset in gated CXCR5+CD45RA–CD4+ T cells. Conclusion Our study investigated the distribution of circulating Tfh subsets in lupus patients. Corticosteroids treatment not only down-regulated the proportion of circulating Tfh cells, but also altered the distribution of Tfh subsets in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjing Mao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Medical School, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuqin Xu
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lin Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Medical School, Shanghai, China
| | - Danfeng Dong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Medical School, Shanghai, China
| | - Minghui Xue
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Medical School, Shanghai, China
| | - Siwei He
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Medical School, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Cai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Medical School, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Gang Cai,
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Milardi G, Di Lorenzo B, Gerosa J, Barzaghi F, Di Matteo G, Omrani M, Jofra T, Merelli I, Barcella M, Filippini M, Conti A, Ferrua F, Pozzo Giuffrida F, Dionisio F, Rovere‐Querini P, Marktel S, Assanelli A, Piemontese S, Brigida I, Zoccolillo M, Cirillo E, Giardino G, Danieli MG, Specchia F, Pacillo L, Di Cesare S, Giancotta C, Romano F, Matarese A, Chetta AA, Trimarchi M, Laurenzi A, De Pellegrin M, Darin S, Montin D, Marinoni M, Dellepiane RM, Sordi V, Lougaris V, Vacca A, Melzi R, Nano R, Azzari C, Bongiovanni L, Pignata C, Cancrini C, Plebani A, Piemonti L, Petrovas C, Di Micco R, Ponzoni M, Aiuti A, Cicalese MP, Fousteri G. Follicular helper T cell signature of replicative exhaustion, apoptosis, and senescence in common variable immunodeficiency. Eur J Immunol 2022; 52:1171-1189. [PMID: 35562849 PMCID: PMC9542315 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202149480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is the most frequent primary antibody deficiency whereby follicular helper T (Tfh) cells fail to establish productive responses with B cells in germinal centers. Here, we analyzed the frequency, phenotype, transcriptome, and function of circulating Tfh (cTfh) cells in CVID patients displaying autoimmunity as an additional phenotype. A group of patients showed a high frequency of cTfh1 cells and a prominent expression of PD-1 and ICOS as well as a cTfh mRNA signature consistent with highly activated, but exhausted, senescent, and apoptotic cells. Plasmatic CXCL13 levels were elevated in this group and positively correlated with cTfh1 cell frequency and PD-1 levels. Monoallelic variants in RTEL1, a telomere length- and DNA repair-related gene, were identified in four patients belonging to this group. Their blood lymphocytes showed shortened telomeres, while their cTfh were more prone to apoptosis. These data point toward a novel pathogenetic mechanism in CVID, whereby alterations in DNA repair and telomere elongation might predispose to antibody deficiency. A Th1, highly activated but exhausted and apoptotic cTfh phenotype was associated with this form of CVID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Milardi
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious DiseasesDiabetes Research InstituteIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Biagio Di Lorenzo
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious DiseasesDiabetes Research InstituteIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Jolanda Gerosa
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious DiseasesDiabetes Research InstituteIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Federica Barzaghi
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
- Pathogenesis and therapy of primary immunodeficiencies UnitSan Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene TherapySr‐TIGETIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Gigliola Di Matteo
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor VergataVia Cracovia 50Rome00133Italy
- Immune and Infectious Diseases Division, Research Unit of Primary Immunodeficiencies, Academic Department of PediatricsBambino Gesù Children's HospitalIRCCSPiazza di Sant'Onofrio 4Rome00165Italy
| | - Maryam Omrani
- Pathogenesis and therapy of primary immunodeficiencies UnitSan Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene TherapySr‐TIGETIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
- Department of Computer Science, Systems and Communication, University of Milano‐BicoccaPiazza dell'Ateneo Nuovo 1Milan20126Italy
| | - Tatiana Jofra
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious DiseasesDiabetes Research InstituteIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Ivan Merelli
- Pathogenesis and therapy of primary immunodeficiencies UnitSan Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene TherapySr‐TIGETIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
- Department of BioinformaticsInstitute for Biomedical TechnologiesNational Research CouncilVia Fratelli Cervi 93Segrate20090Italy
| | - Matteo Barcella
- Pathogenesis and therapy of primary immunodeficiencies UnitSan Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene TherapySr‐TIGETIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Matteo Filippini
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious DiseasesDiabetes Research InstituteIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Anastasia Conti
- Pathogenesis and therapy of primary immunodeficiencies UnitSan Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene TherapySr‐TIGETIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Francesca Ferrua
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
- Pathogenesis and therapy of primary immunodeficiencies UnitSan Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene TherapySr‐TIGETIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Francesco Pozzo Giuffrida
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
- Pathogenesis and therapy of primary immunodeficiencies UnitSan Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene TherapySr‐TIGETIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Francesca Dionisio
- Pathogenesis and therapy of primary immunodeficiencies UnitSan Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene TherapySr‐TIGETIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Patrizia Rovere‐Querini
- Department of ImmunologyTransplantation and Infectious DiseasesIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Sarah Marktel
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Andrea Assanelli
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Simona Piemontese
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Immacolata Brigida
- Pathogenesis and therapy of primary immunodeficiencies UnitSan Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene TherapySr‐TIGETIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Matteo Zoccolillo
- Pathogenesis and therapy of primary immunodeficiencies UnitSan Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene TherapySr‐TIGETIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Emilia Cirillo
- Department of Translational Medical SciencesSection of PediatricsFederico II University of NaplesCorso Umberto I, 40, 80138Italy
| | - Giuliana Giardino
- Department of Translational Medical SciencesSection of PediatricsFederico II University of NaplesCorso Umberto I, 40, 80138Italy
| | - Maria Giovanna Danieli
- Department of Clinical and Molecular SciencesMarche Polytechnic University of AnconaClinica MedicaVia Tronto 10/aAncona60126Italy
| | - Fernando Specchia
- Department of PediatricsS. Orsola‐Malpighi HospitalUniversity of BolognaVia Giuseppe Massarenti 9Bologna40138Italy
| | - Lucia Pacillo
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor VergataVia Cracovia 50Rome00133Italy
- Immune and Infectious Diseases Division, Research Unit of Primary Immunodeficiencies, Academic Department of PediatricsBambino Gesù Children's HospitalIRCCSPiazza di Sant'Onofrio 4Rome00165Italy
| | - Silvia Di Cesare
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor VergataVia Cracovia 50Rome00133Italy
- Immune and Infectious Diseases Division, Research Unit of Primary Immunodeficiencies, Academic Department of PediatricsBambino Gesù Children's HospitalIRCCSPiazza di Sant'Onofrio 4Rome00165Italy
| | - Carmela Giancotta
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor VergataVia Cracovia 50Rome00133Italy
- Immune and Infectious Diseases Division, Research Unit of Primary Immunodeficiencies, Academic Department of PediatricsBambino Gesù Children's HospitalIRCCSPiazza di Sant'Onofrio 4Rome00165Italy
| | - Francesca Romano
- Pediatric Immunology DivisionDepartment of PediatricsAnna Meyer Children's University HospitalViale Gaetano Pieraccini 24Florence50139Italy
| | - Alessandro Matarese
- Department of Respiratory MedicineSanti AntonioBiagio and Cesare Arrigo HospitalVia Venezia 16Alessandria15121Italy
| | - Alfredo Antonio Chetta
- Department of Medicine and SurgeryRespiratory Disease and Lung Function UnitUniversity of ParmaStr. dell'Università 12Parma43121Italy
| | - Matteo Trimarchi
- Otorhinolaryngology Unit, Head and Neck Department, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
- Pathology UnitIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Andrea Laurenzi
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious DiseasesDiabetes Research InstituteIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Maurizio De Pellegrin
- Unit of Orthopaedics, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Silvia Darin
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Davide Montin
- Department of Pediatrics and Public HealthRegina Margherita HospitalPiazza Polonia 94Turin10126Italy
| | - Maddalena Marinoni
- Pediatric UnitOspedale “F. Del Ponte”Via Filippo del Ponte 19Varese21100Italy
| | - Rosa Maria Dellepiane
- Department of PediatricsFondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoUniversity of MilanVia Francesco Sforza 35Milan20122Italy
| | - Valeria Sordi
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious DiseasesDiabetes Research InstituteIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Vassilios Lougaris
- Department of Clinical and Experimental SciencesPediatrics Clinic and Institute for Molecular Medicine A. NocivelliUniversity of BresciaPiazza del Mercato 15Brescia25121Italy
| | - Angelo Vacca
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human OncologyUniversity of Bari Medical SchoolPiazza Umberto I, 1Bari70121Italy
| | - Raffaella Melzi
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious DiseasesDiabetes Research InstituteIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Rita Nano
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious DiseasesDiabetes Research InstituteIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Chiara Azzari
- Pediatric Immunology DivisionDepartment of PediatricsAnna Meyer Children's University HospitalViale Gaetano Pieraccini 24Florence50139Italy
| | - Lucia Bongiovanni
- Pathology UnitIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Claudio Pignata
- Department of Translational Medical SciencesSection of PediatricsFederico II University of NaplesCorso Umberto I, 40, 80138Italy
| | - Caterina Cancrini
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor VergataVia Cracovia 50Rome00133Italy
- Immune and Infectious Diseases Division, Research Unit of Primary Immunodeficiencies, Academic Department of PediatricsBambino Gesù Children's HospitalIRCCSPiazza di Sant'Onofrio 4Rome00165Italy
| | - Alessandro Plebani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental SciencesPediatrics Clinic and Institute for Molecular Medicine A. NocivelliUniversity of BresciaPiazza del Mercato 15Brescia25121Italy
| | - Lorenzo Piemonti
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious DiseasesDiabetes Research InstituteIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity Vita‐Salute San RaffaeleVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Constantinos Petrovas
- Tissue Analysis Core, Immunology LaboratoryVaccine Research CenterNational Institute of Allergy and Infectious DiseasesNational Institutes of Health9000 Rockville PikeBethesdaMD20892USA
| | - Raffaella Di Micco
- Pathogenesis and therapy of primary immunodeficiencies UnitSan Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene TherapySr‐TIGETIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Maurilio Ponzoni
- Pathology UnitIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity Vita‐Salute San RaffaeleVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Alessandro Aiuti
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
- Pathogenesis and therapy of primary immunodeficiencies UnitSan Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene TherapySr‐TIGETIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity Vita‐Salute San RaffaeleVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Maria Pia Cicalese
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
- Pathogenesis and therapy of primary immunodeficiencies UnitSan Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene TherapySr‐TIGETIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Georgia Fousteri
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious DiseasesDiabetes Research InstituteIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
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Gupta R, Vanlieshout E, Manion K, Bonilla D, Kim M, Muñoz-Grajales C, Nassar C, Johnson SR, Hiraki LT, Ahmad Z, Touma Z, Bookman A, Wither JE. Altered Balance of Pro-Inflammatory Immune Cells to T Regulatory Cells Differentiates Symptomatic From Asymptomatic Individuals With Anti-Nuclear Antibodies. Front Immunol 2022; 13:886442. [PMID: 35844549 PMCID: PMC9279569 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.886442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases (SARDs) are characterized by the production of anti-nuclear antibodies (ANAs). ANAs are also seen in healthy individuals and can be detected years before disease onset in SARD. Both the immunological changes that promote development of clinical symptoms in SARD and those that prevent autoimmunity in asymptomatic ANA+ individuals (ANA+ NS) remain largely unexplored. To address this question, we used flow cytometry to examine peripheral blood immune populations in ANA+ individuals, with and without SARD, including 20 individuals who subsequently demonstrated symptom progression. Several immune populations were expanded in ANA+ individuals with and without SARD, as compared with ANA- healthy controls, particularly follicular and peripheral T helper, and antibody-producing B cell subsets. In ANA+ NS individuals, there were significant increases in T regulatory subsets and TGF-ß1 that normalized in SARD patients, whereas in SARD patients there were increases in Th2 and Th17 helper cell levels as compared with ANA+ NS individuals, resulting in a shift in the balance between inflammatory and regulatory T cell subsets. Patients with SARD also had increases in the proportion of pro-inflammatory innate immune cell populations, such as CD14+ myeloid dendritic cells, and intermediate and non-classical monocytes, as compared to ANA+ NS individuals. When comparing ANA+ individuals without SARD who progressed clinically over the subsequent 2 years with those who did not, we found that progressors had significantly increased T and B cell activation, as well as increased levels of LAG3+ T regulatory cells and TGF-ß1. Collectively, our findings suggest that active immunoregulation prevents clinical autoimmunity in ANA+ NS and that this becomes impaired in patients who progress to SARD, resulting in an imbalance favoring inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashi Gupta
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Emma Vanlieshout
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kieran Manion
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Dennisse Bonilla
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael Kim
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Carolina Muñoz-Grajales
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Carol Nassar
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sindhu R. Johnson
- Department of Medicine, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto Scleroderma Program, Department of Medicine, Toronto Western and Mount Sinai Hospitals, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Linda T. Hiraki
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Zareen Ahmad
- Department of Medicine, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto Scleroderma Program, Department of Medicine, Toronto Western and Mount Sinai Hospitals, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Zahi Touma
- Department of Medicine, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in Rheumatic Diseases, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Arthur Bookman
- Department of Medicine, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Rheumatology, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Joan E. Wither
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Rheumatology, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- *Correspondence: Joan E. Wither,
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Kim V, Lee K, Tian H, Jang SH, Diamond B, Kim SJ. IL-17–producing follicular Th cells enhance plasma cell differentiation in lupus-prone mice. JCI Insight 2022; 7:157332. [PMID: 35674135 PMCID: PMC9220957 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.157332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vera Kim
- Center for Autoimmune, Musculoskeletal, and Hematopoietic Diseases, Institute of Molecular Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Kyungwoo Lee
- Center for Autoimmune, Musculoskeletal, and Hematopoietic Diseases, Institute of Molecular Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Hong Tian
- Center for Autoimmune, Musculoskeletal, and Hematopoietic Diseases, Institute of Molecular Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Su Hwa Jang
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Betty Diamond
- Center for Autoimmune, Musculoskeletal, and Hematopoietic Diseases, Institute of Molecular Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine, Hofstra University, Hempstead, New York, USA
| | - Sun Jung Kim
- Center for Autoimmune, Musculoskeletal, and Hematopoietic Diseases, Institute of Molecular Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine, Hofstra University, Hempstead, New York, USA
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Kumar P, Balakrishnan S, Surendra Lele S, Setty S, Dhingra S, Epstein AL, Prabhakar BS. Restoration of Follicular T Regulatory/Helper Cell Balance by OX40L-JAG1 Cotreatment Suppresses Lupus Nephritis in NZBWF1/j Mice. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 208:2467-2481. [PMID: 35470257 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Class-switched antinuclear autoantibodies produced by T follicular helper (TFH) cell-dependent germinal center (GC) B cell response play an essential pathogenic role in lupus nephritis (LN). The role of T follicular regulatory (TFR) cells, an effector subset of CD4+Foxp3+ T regulatory cells (Tregs), which are specialized in suppressing TFH-GC response and Ab production, remains elusive in LN. Contrasting reports have shown increased/reduced circulating TFR cells in human lupus that might not accurately reflect their presence in the GCs of relevant lymphoid organs. In this study, we report a progressive reduction in TFR cells and decreased TFR/TFH ratio despite increased Tregs in the renal lymph nodes of NZBWF1/j mice, which correlated with increased GC-B cells and proteinuria onset. Cotreatment with soluble OX40L and Jagged-1 (JAG1) proteins increased Tregs, TFR cells, and TFR/TFH ratio, with a concomitant reduction in TFH cells, GC B cells, and anti-dsDNA IgG Ab levels, and suppressed LN onset. Mechanistic studies showed attenuated TFH functions and diminished GC events such as somatic hypermutation and isotype class-switching in OX40L-JAG1-treated mice. RNA sequencing studies revealed inhibition of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-α (HIF-1a) and STAT3 signaling in T conventional cells from OX40L-JAG1-treated mice, which are critical for the glycolytic flux and differentiation into TFH cell lineage. Therefore, the increased TFR/TFH ratio seen in OX40L-JAG1-treated mice could involve both impaired differentiation of TFH cells from T conventional cells and expansion of TFR cells. We show a key role for GC-TFR/TFH imbalance in LN pathogenesis and how restoring homeostatic balance can suppress LN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhakaran Kumar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Sivasangari Balakrishnan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Swarali Surendra Lele
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Suman Setty
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL; and
| | - Shaurya Dhingra
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Alan L Epstein
- Department of Pathology, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Bellur S Prabhakar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL;
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Gupta S, Demirdag Y, Gupta AA. Members of the Regulatory Lymphocyte Club in Common Variable Immunodeficiency. Front Immunol 2022; 13:864307. [PMID: 35669770 PMCID: PMC9164302 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.864307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of CD4 T regulatory cells is well established in peripheral tolerance and the pathogenesis of the murine model and human autoimmune diseases. CD4 T regulatory cells (CD4 Tregs) have been investigated in common variable immunodeficiency (CVID). Recently, additional members have been added to the club of regulatory lymphocytes. These include CD8 T regulatory (CD8 Tregs), B regulatory (Bregs), and T follicular helper regulatory (TFR) cells. There are accumulating data to suggest their roles in both human and experimental models of autoimmune disease. Their phenotypic characterization and mechanisms of immunoregulation are evolving. Patients with CVID may present or are associated with an increased frequency of autoimmunity and autoimmune diseases. In this review, we have primarily focused on the characteristics of CD4 Tregs and new players of the regulatory club and their changes in patients with CVID in relation to autoimmunity and emphasized the complexity of interplay among various regulatory lymphocytes. We suggest future careful investigations of phenotypic and functional regulatory lymphocytes in a large cohort of phenotypic and genotypically defined CVID patients to define their role in the pathogenesis of CVID and autoimmunity associated with CVID.
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Akama-Garren EH, Carroll MC. T Cell Help in the Autoreactive Germinal Center. Scand J Immunol 2022; 95:e13192. [PMID: 35587582 DOI: 10.1111/sji.13192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The germinal center serves as a site of B cell selection and affinity maturation, critical processes for productive adaptive immunity. In autoimmune disease tolerance is broken in the germinal center reaction, leading to production of autoreactive B cells that may propagate disease. Follicular T cells are crucial regulators of this process, providing signals necessary for B cell survival in the germinal center. Here we review the emerging roles of follicular T cells in the autoreactive germinal center. Recent advances in immunological techniques have allowed study of the gene expression profiles and repertoire of follicular T cells at unprecedented resolution. These studies provide insight into the potential role follicular T cells play in preventing or facilitating germinal center loss of tolerance. Improved understanding of the mechanisms of T cell help in autoreactive germinal centers provides novel therapeutic targets for diseases of germinal center dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliot H Akama-Garren
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael C Carroll
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Alterations in B- and circulating T-follicular helper cell subsets in immune thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Blood Adv 2022; 6:3792-3802. [PMID: 35507753 PMCID: PMC9631570 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2022007025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal B-cell phenotype in acute iTTP with decreased transitional and post–germinal center memory cells and increased plasmablasts. Decreased total and PD1+ circulating T-follicular helper cells and changes in B-cell CD80 expression suggest altered B- and T-cell interactions.
T follicular helper (Tfh) cells regulate development of antigen-specific B-cell immunity. We prospectively investigated B-cell and circulating Tfh (cTfh) cell subsets in 45 patients with immune thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (iTTP) at presentation and longitudinally after rituximab (RTX). B-cell phenotype was altered at acute iTTP presentation with decreased transitional cells and post–germinal center (post-GC) memory B cells and increased plasmablasts compared with healthy controls. A higher percentage of plasmablasts was associated with higher anti-ADAMTS13 IgG and lower ADAMTS13 antigen levels. In asymptomatic patients with ADAMTS13 relapse, there were increased naïve B cells and a global decrease in memory subsets, with a trend to increased plasmablasts. Total circulating Tfh (CD4+CXCR5+) and PD1+ Tfh cells were decreased at iTTP presentation. CD80 expression was decreased on IgD+ memory cells and double-negative memory cells in acute iTTP. At repopulation after B-cell depletion in de novo iTTP, post-GC and double-negative memory B cells were reduced compared with pre-RTX. RTX did not cause alteration in cTfh cell frequency. The subsequent kinetics of naïve, transitional, memory B cells and plasmablasts did not differ significantly between patients who went on to relapse vs those who remained in remission. In summary, acute iTTP is characterized by dysregulation of B- and cTfh cell homeostasis with depletion of post-GC memory cells and cTfh cells and increased plasmablasts. Changes in CD80 expression on B cells further suggest altered interactions with T cells.
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