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Liang W, Zhou C, Deng Y, Fu L, Zhao J, Long H, Ming W, Shang J, Zeng B. The current status of various preclinical therapeutic approaches for tendon repair. Ann Med 2024; 56:2337871. [PMID: 38738394 PMCID: PMC11095292 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2337871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Tendons are fibroblastic structures that link muscle and bone. There are two kinds of tendon injuries, including acute and chronic. Each form of injury or deterioration can result in significant pain and loss of tendon function. The recovery of tendon damage is a complex and time-consuming recovery process. Depending on the anatomical location of the tendon tissue, the clinical outcomes are not the same. The healing of the wound process is divided into three stages that overlap: inflammation, proliferation, and tissue remodeling. Furthermore, the curing tendon has a high re-tear rate. Faced with the challenges, tendon injury management is still a clinical issue that must be resolved as soon as possible. Several newer directions and breakthroughs in tendon recovery have emerged in recent years. This article describes tendon injury and summarizes recent advances in tendon recovery, along with stem cell therapy, gene therapy, Platelet-rich plasma remedy, growth factors, drug treatment, and tissue engineering. Despite the recent fast-growing research in tendon recovery treatment, still, none of them translated to the clinical setting. This review provides a detailed overview of tendon injuries and potential preclinical approaches for treating tendon injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Chao Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhoushan Guanghua Hospital, Zhoushan, China
| | - Yongjun Deng
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Lifeng Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaoxing City Keqiao District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaoxing, China
| | - Jiayi Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Hengguo Long
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Wenyi Ming
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Jinxiang Shang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Bin Zeng
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, China
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2
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Shang L, Wang S, Mao Y. Recent advances in plant-derived polysaccharide scaffolds in tissue engineering: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:133830. [PMID: 39002914 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
As a natural three-dimensional biopolymer, decellularized plant-derived scaffolds usually comprise various polysaccharides, mostly cellulose, pectin, and hemicellulose. They are characterized by natural biocompatibility and porous structures. The emergence of decellularized purified polysaccharide scaffolds provides an attractive method to overcome the challenges associated with nutrient delivery and biocompatibility, as they serve as optimal non-immune environments for stem cell adhesion and proliferation. To date, limited corresponding literature is available to systemically summarize the development and potential of these scaffolds in tissue engineering. Therefore, the current review summarized the biomimetic properties of plant-derived polysaccharide scaffolds and the latest progress in tissue engineering applications. This review first discusses the advantages of decellularized plant-derived polysaccharide scaffolds by briefly introducing their features and current limitations in clinical applications. Subsequently, the latest progress in emerging applications of regenerative biomaterials is reviewed, followed by a discussion of the studies on the interactions of biomaterials with cells and tissues. Finally, challenges in obtaining reliable scaffolds and possible future directions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Shang
- School of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
| | - Shan Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
| | - Yingji Mao
- School of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China.
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3
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Nosrati H, Fallah Tafti M, Aghamollaei H, Bonakdar S, Moosazadeh Moghaddam M. Directed Differentiation of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Using Imprinted Cell-Like Topographies as a Growth Factor-Free Approach. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024; 20:1752-1781. [PMID: 39066936 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-024-10767-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
The influence of surface topography on stem cell behavior and differentiation has garnered significant attention in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. The cell-imprinting method has been introduced as a promising approach to mimic the geometry and topography of cells. The cell-imprinted substrates are designed to replicate the topographies and dimensions of target cells, enabling tailored interactions that promote the differentiation of stem cells towards desired specialized cell types. In fact, by replicating the size and shape of cells, biomimetic substrates provide physical cues that profoundly impact stem cell differentiation. These cues play a pivotal role in directing cell morphology, cytoskeletal organization, and gene expression, ultimately influencing lineage commitment. The biomimetic substrates' ability to emulate the native cellular microenvironment supports the creation of platforms capable of steering stem cell fate with high precision. This review discusses the role of mechanical factors that impact stem cell fate. It also provides an overview of the design and fabrication principles of cell-imprinted substrates. Furthermore, the paper delves into the use of cell-imprinted polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrates to direct adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) differentiation into a variety of specialized cells for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications. Additionally, the review discusses the limitations of cell-imprinted PDMS substrates and highlights the efforts made to overcome these limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Nosrati
- Student Research Committee, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Fallah Tafti
- Vision Health Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Hossein Aghamollaei
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahin Bonakdar
- National Cell Bank Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Moosazadeh Moghaddam
- Student Research Committee, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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He S, Hu R, Yao X, Cui J, Liu H, Zhu M, Ning L. The effects of heat and hydrogen peroxide treatment on the osteoinductivity of demineralized cortical bone: a potential method for preparing tendon/ligament repair scaffolds. Regen Biomater 2024; 11:rbae116. [PMID: 39398284 PMCID: PMC11471265 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbae116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/07/2024] [Indexed: 10/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have indicated that demineralized cortical bone (DCB) may be used to repair tendons and ligaments, such as the patellar tendon and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) has been shown to reduce the osteoinductivity of DCB, and heat treatment may also decrease the osteoinductivity of DCB. The purpose of this study was (i) to determine whether heat treatment reduces the osteoinductivity of DCB and (ii) to compare the effectiveness of heat treatment and H2O2 treatment on BMP-2 inactivation. DCB was prepared by immersion in 0.6 N hydrochloric acid, and DCB-H and DCB-HO were prepared by heat treatment (70°C for 8 h) and H2O2 treatment (3% H2O2 for 8 h), respectively. The surface topographies, elemental distributions and histological structures of the scaffolds were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and histological staining. The viability and osteogenic differentiation of TDSCs cultured on the scaffolds were evaluated via live/dead cell staining and Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) testing, real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western bolt (WB) analysis, alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) and alizarin red S (ARS) staining. The intramuscular implantation of the scaffolds in rats was also used to evaluate the effect of heat treatment and H2O2 treatment on the osteoinductivity of DCB. Our results demonstrated that both treatments removed BMP-2 and osteocalcin (OCN) within the DCB and that DCB-H and DCB-HO had good cytocompatibility and reduced the osteogenic differentiation of TDSCs. Moreover, the in vivo results indicated that the DCB-H and DCB-HO groups had smaller areas of osteoid formation than did the DCB group, and the DCB-HO group had the smallest area among the three groups. Our study demonstrated that heat treatment could reduce the osteoinductivity of DCB, and that H2O2 treatment was more effective than heat treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shukun He
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Ruonan Hu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xuan Yao
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Faculty of Laboratory Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Jing Cui
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Huimin Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Min Zhu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Liangju Ning
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
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Ciardulli MC, Lovecchio J, Parolini O, Giordano E, Maffulli N, Della Porta G. Fibrin Scaffolds Perfused with Transforming Growth Factor-β1 as an In Vitro Model to Study Healthy and Tendinopathic Human Tendon Stem/Progenitor Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9563. [PMID: 39273510 PMCID: PMC11395617 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25179563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2024] [Revised: 08/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
A limited understanding of tendon cell biology in healthy and pathological conditions has impeded the development of effective treatments, necessitating in vitro biomimetic models for studying tendon events. We established a dynamic culture using fibrin scaffolds, bioengineered with tendon stem/progenitor cells (hTSPCs) from healthy or diseased human biopsies and perfused with 20 ng/mL of human transforming growth factor-β1 for 21 days. Both cell types showed long-term viability and upregulated Scleraxis (SCX-A) and Tenomodulin (TNMD) gene expressions, indicating tenogenic activity. However, diseased hTSPCs underexpressed collagen type I and III (COL1A1 and COL3A1) genes and exhibited lower SCX-A and TNMD protein levels, but increased type I collagen production, with a type I/type III collagen ratio > 1.5 by day 14, matching healthy cells. Diseased hTSPCs also showed constant high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-8 and IL-6. This biomimetic environment is a valuable tool for studying tenogenic and inflammatory events in healthy and diseased tendon cells and identifying new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Camilla Ciardulli
- Translational Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende 43, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Joseph Lovecchio
- School of Science and Engineering, Reykjavík University, 102 Reykjavík, Iceland
- Institute of Biomedical and Neural Engineering, Reykjavik University, 102 Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Ornella Parolini
- Department of Life Science and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00136 Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuele Giordano
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Engineering "Silvio Cavalcanti", Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering "Guglielmo Marconi" (DEI), University of Bologna, 47522 Cesena, Italy
- Advanced Research Center on Electronic Systems (ARCES), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Nicola Maffulli
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sant' Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Della Porta
- Translational Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende 43, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
- Interdepartment Centre BIONAM, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
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Cushman CJ, Ibrahim AF, Smith AD, Hernandez EJ, MacKay B, Zumwalt M. Local and Systemic Peptide Therapies for Soft Tissue Regeneration: A Narrative Review. THE YALE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2024; 97:399-413. [PMID: 39351323 PMCID: PMC11426299 DOI: 10.59249/tknm3388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
Background: The musculoskeletal system, due to inherent structure and function, lends itself to contributing toward joint pain, whether from inflammatory disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis, degenerative diseases such as osteoarthritis, or trauma causing soft tissue injury. Administration of peptides for treatment of joint pain or inflammation is an emerging line of therapy that seeks to offer therapeutic benefits while remaining safe and relatively non-invasive. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to review the current literature on existing oral peptide agents, intra-articular peptide agents, and new developments in human trials to assess route of administration (RoA) for drug delivery in terms of soft tissue regeneration. Study Design: Narrative Review. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using the PubMed database. The search included medical subject headings (MeSH) terms related to peptide therapy, soft tissue regeneration, and RoA. Inclusion criteria comprised articles focusing on the mechanisms of action of peptides, clinical or biochemical outcomes, and review articles. Exclusion criteria included insufficient literature or studies not meeting the set evidence level. Conclusion: The review identified various peptides demonstrating efficacy in soft tissue repair. Oral and intra-articular peptides showed distinct advantages in soft tissue regeneration, with intra-articular routes providing localized effects and oral routes offering systemic benefits. However, both routes have limitations in bioavailability and absorption. Still in their infancy, further inquiries/research into the properties and efficacy of emerging peptides will be necessary before widespread use. As a viable alternative prior to surgical intervention, peptide treatments present as promising candidates for positive outcomes in soft tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline J Cushman
- School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Andrew F Ibrahim
- School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Alexander D Smith
- School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Evan J Hernandez
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Medicine, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Brendan MacKay
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Medicine, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Mimi Zumwalt
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Medicine, Lubbock, Texas, USA
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Troop LD, Puetzer JL. Intermittent cyclic stretch of engineered ligaments drives hierarchical collagen fiber maturation in a dose- and organizational-dependent manner. Acta Biomater 2024; 185:296-311. [PMID: 39025395 PMCID: PMC11381169 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Hierarchical collagen fibers are the primary source of strength in tendons and ligaments; however, these fibers largely do not regenerate after injury or with repair, resulting in limited treatment options. We previously developed a static culture system that guides ACL fibroblasts to produce native-sized fibers and early fascicles by 6 weeks. These constructs are promising ligament replacements, but further maturation is needed. Mechanical cues are critical for development in vivo and in engineered tissues; however, the effect on larger fiber and fascicle formation is largely unknown. Our objective was to investigate whether intermittent cyclic stretch, mimicking rapid muscle activity, drives further maturation in our system to create stronger engineered replacements and to explore whether cyclic loading has differential effects on cells at different degrees of collagen organization to better inform engineered tissue maturation protocols. Constructs were loaded with an established intermittent cyclic loading regime at 5 or 10 % strain for up to 6 weeks and compared to static controls. Cyclic loading drove cells to increase hierarchical collagen organization, collagen crimp, and tissue tensile properties, ultimately producing constructs that matched or exceeded immature ACL properties. Further, the effect of loading on cells varied depending on degree of organization. Specifically, 10 % load drove early improvements in tensile properties and composition, while 5 % load was more beneficial later in culture, suggesting a shift in mechanotransduction. This study provides new insight into how cyclic loading affects cell-driven hierarchical fiber formation and maturation, which will help to develop better rehabilitation protocols and engineer stronger replacements. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Collagen fibers are the primary source of strength and function in tendons and ligaments throughout the body. These fibers have limited regenerate after injury, with repair, and in engineered replacements, reducing treatment options. Cyclic load has been shown to improve fibril level alignment, but its effect at the larger fiber and fascicle length-scale is largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate intermittent cyclic loading increases cell-driven hierarchical fiber formation and tissue mechanics, producing engineered replacements with similar organization and mechanics as immature ACLs. This study provides new insight into how cyclic loading affects cell-driven fiber maturation. A better understanding of how mechanical cues regulate fiber formation will help to develop better engineered replacements and rehabilitation protocols to drive repair after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leia D Troop
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, United States
| | - Jennifer L Puetzer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, United States; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, United States.
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Emonts C, Bauer B, Pitts J, Roger Y, Hoffmann A, Menzel H, Gries T. Mechanical, Biological and In Vitro Degradation Investigation of Braided Scaffolds for Tendon and Ligament Tissue Engineering Based on Different Polycaprolactone Materials with Chitosan-Graft-PCL Surface Modification. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:2349. [PMID: 39204570 PMCID: PMC11360056 DOI: 10.3390/polym16162349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Injuries to tendons and ligaments are highly prevalent in the musculoskeletal system. Current treatments involve autologous transplants with limited availability and donor site morbidity. Tissue engineering offers a new approach through temporary load-bearing scaffolds. These scaffolds have to fulfill numerous requirements, the majority of which can be met using braiding combined with high-strength polycaprolactone (PCL) fibers. Considering regulatory requirements, several medical-grade PCL materials were assessed regarding their mechanical, degradational and cell biological properties. In the course of the investigation, an excellent fiber tensile strength of up to 850 MPa was achieved. The fibers were braided into multilayer scaffolds and scaled to match the human ACL. These were characterized regarding their morphology and their mechanical and degradational properties. Two strategies were followed to provide biological cues: (a) applying a chitosan-graft-PCL surface modification and (b) using non-circular fiber morphologies as topographical stimuli. Cell vitality assays showed generally positive cytocompatibility and no impairments due to the surface modification or material grade. The best cell vitality was achieved with a scaffold consisting of snowflake-shaped monofilaments combined with a 25° braiding angle. The surface modification equips the scaffold with a release platform for function molecules (as recently demonstrated) so that a holistic approach to addressing the numerous requirements is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Emonts
- Institut für Textiltechnik, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Benedict Bauer
- Institut für Textiltechnik, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Johannes Pitts
- Institute for Technical Chemistry, Braunschweig University of Technology, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Yvonne Roger
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graded Implants and Regenerative Strategies, Laboratory of Biomechanics and Biomaterials, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Niedersächsisches Zentrum für Biomedizintechnik, Implantatforschung und Entwicklung (NIFE), 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Andrea Hoffmann
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graded Implants and Regenerative Strategies, Laboratory of Biomechanics and Biomaterials, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Niedersächsisches Zentrum für Biomedizintechnik, Implantatforschung und Entwicklung (NIFE), 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Henning Menzel
- Institute for Technical Chemistry, Braunschweig University of Technology, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Thomas Gries
- Institut für Textiltechnik, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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Isern-Kebschull J, Mechó S, Pedret C, Pruna R, Alomar X, Kassarjian A, Luna A, Martínez J, Tomas X, Rodas G. Muscle Healing in Sports Injuries: MRI Findings and Proposed Classification Based on a Single Institutional Experience and Clinical Observation. Radiographics 2024; 44:e230147. [PMID: 39052498 DOI: 10.1148/rg.230147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
MRI plays a crucial role in assessment of patients with muscle injuries. The healing process of these injuries has been studied in depth from the pathophysiologic and histologic points of view and divided into destruction, repair, and remodeling phases, but the MRI findings of these phases have not been fully described, to our knowledge. On the basis of results from 310 MRI studies, including both basal and follow-up studies, in 128 athletes with muscle tears including their clinical evolution, the authors review MRI findings in muscle healing and propose a practical imaging classification based on morphology and signal intensity that correlates with histologic changes. The proposed phases, which can overlap, are destruction (phase 1), showing myoconnective tissue discontinuity and featherlike edema; repair (phase 2), showing filling in of the connective tissue gaps by a hypertrophic immature scar; and remodeling (phase 3), showing scar maturation and regression of the edema. A final healed stage can be identified with MRI, which is characterized by persistence of a slight fusiform thickening of the connective tissue. This information can be obtained from a truncated MRI protocol with three acquisitions, preferably performed with a 3-T magnet. During MRI follow-up of muscle injuries, other important features to be assessed are changes in muscle edema and specific warning signs, such as persistent intermuscular edema, new connective tear, and scar rupture. An understanding of the MRI appearance of normal and abnormal muscle healing and warning signs, along with cooperation with a multidisciplinary team, enable optimization of return to play for the injured athlete. ©RSNA, 2024 See the invited commentary by Flores in this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Isern-Kebschull
- From the Department of Radiology, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, C/Villarroel 170, E-08036 Barcelona, Spain (J.I.-K., X.T.); Department of Radiology, Hospital de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (S.M., J.M.); Department of Sports Medicine and Imaging, Clínica Diagonal, Barcelona, Spain (C.P.); FCBarcelona Medical Department (FIFA Medical Center of Excellence), Barça Innovation Hub, Barcelona, Spain (R.P., G.R.); Department of Radiology, Centres Mèdics Creu Blanca, Barcelona, Spain (X.A.); Elite Sports Imaging, SL, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain (A.K.); Department of Radiology, Olympia Medical Center, Madrid, Spain (A.K.); Department of Radiology, Clínica Las Nieves, HTmédica, Jaén, Spain (A.L.); and Medicine Sport Unit, Hospital Clinic-Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain (G.R.)
| | - Sandra Mechó
- From the Department of Radiology, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, C/Villarroel 170, E-08036 Barcelona, Spain (J.I.-K., X.T.); Department of Radiology, Hospital de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (S.M., J.M.); Department of Sports Medicine and Imaging, Clínica Diagonal, Barcelona, Spain (C.P.); FCBarcelona Medical Department (FIFA Medical Center of Excellence), Barça Innovation Hub, Barcelona, Spain (R.P., G.R.); Department of Radiology, Centres Mèdics Creu Blanca, Barcelona, Spain (X.A.); Elite Sports Imaging, SL, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain (A.K.); Department of Radiology, Olympia Medical Center, Madrid, Spain (A.K.); Department of Radiology, Clínica Las Nieves, HTmédica, Jaén, Spain (A.L.); and Medicine Sport Unit, Hospital Clinic-Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain (G.R.)
| | - Carles Pedret
- From the Department of Radiology, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, C/Villarroel 170, E-08036 Barcelona, Spain (J.I.-K., X.T.); Department of Radiology, Hospital de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (S.M., J.M.); Department of Sports Medicine and Imaging, Clínica Diagonal, Barcelona, Spain (C.P.); FCBarcelona Medical Department (FIFA Medical Center of Excellence), Barça Innovation Hub, Barcelona, Spain (R.P., G.R.); Department of Radiology, Centres Mèdics Creu Blanca, Barcelona, Spain (X.A.); Elite Sports Imaging, SL, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain (A.K.); Department of Radiology, Olympia Medical Center, Madrid, Spain (A.K.); Department of Radiology, Clínica Las Nieves, HTmédica, Jaén, Spain (A.L.); and Medicine Sport Unit, Hospital Clinic-Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain (G.R.)
| | - Ricard Pruna
- From the Department of Radiology, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, C/Villarroel 170, E-08036 Barcelona, Spain (J.I.-K., X.T.); Department of Radiology, Hospital de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (S.M., J.M.); Department of Sports Medicine and Imaging, Clínica Diagonal, Barcelona, Spain (C.P.); FCBarcelona Medical Department (FIFA Medical Center of Excellence), Barça Innovation Hub, Barcelona, Spain (R.P., G.R.); Department of Radiology, Centres Mèdics Creu Blanca, Barcelona, Spain (X.A.); Elite Sports Imaging, SL, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain (A.K.); Department of Radiology, Olympia Medical Center, Madrid, Spain (A.K.); Department of Radiology, Clínica Las Nieves, HTmédica, Jaén, Spain (A.L.); and Medicine Sport Unit, Hospital Clinic-Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain (G.R.)
| | - Xavier Alomar
- From the Department of Radiology, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, C/Villarroel 170, E-08036 Barcelona, Spain (J.I.-K., X.T.); Department of Radiology, Hospital de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (S.M., J.M.); Department of Sports Medicine and Imaging, Clínica Diagonal, Barcelona, Spain (C.P.); FCBarcelona Medical Department (FIFA Medical Center of Excellence), Barça Innovation Hub, Barcelona, Spain (R.P., G.R.); Department of Radiology, Centres Mèdics Creu Blanca, Barcelona, Spain (X.A.); Elite Sports Imaging, SL, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain (A.K.); Department of Radiology, Olympia Medical Center, Madrid, Spain (A.K.); Department of Radiology, Clínica Las Nieves, HTmédica, Jaén, Spain (A.L.); and Medicine Sport Unit, Hospital Clinic-Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain (G.R.)
| | - Ara Kassarjian
- From the Department of Radiology, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, C/Villarroel 170, E-08036 Barcelona, Spain (J.I.-K., X.T.); Department of Radiology, Hospital de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (S.M., J.M.); Department of Sports Medicine and Imaging, Clínica Diagonal, Barcelona, Spain (C.P.); FCBarcelona Medical Department (FIFA Medical Center of Excellence), Barça Innovation Hub, Barcelona, Spain (R.P., G.R.); Department of Radiology, Centres Mèdics Creu Blanca, Barcelona, Spain (X.A.); Elite Sports Imaging, SL, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain (A.K.); Department of Radiology, Olympia Medical Center, Madrid, Spain (A.K.); Department of Radiology, Clínica Las Nieves, HTmédica, Jaén, Spain (A.L.); and Medicine Sport Unit, Hospital Clinic-Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain (G.R.)
| | - Antonio Luna
- From the Department of Radiology, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, C/Villarroel 170, E-08036 Barcelona, Spain (J.I.-K., X.T.); Department of Radiology, Hospital de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (S.M., J.M.); Department of Sports Medicine and Imaging, Clínica Diagonal, Barcelona, Spain (C.P.); FCBarcelona Medical Department (FIFA Medical Center of Excellence), Barça Innovation Hub, Barcelona, Spain (R.P., G.R.); Department of Radiology, Centres Mèdics Creu Blanca, Barcelona, Spain (X.A.); Elite Sports Imaging, SL, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain (A.K.); Department of Radiology, Olympia Medical Center, Madrid, Spain (A.K.); Department of Radiology, Clínica Las Nieves, HTmédica, Jaén, Spain (A.L.); and Medicine Sport Unit, Hospital Clinic-Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain (G.R.)
| | - Javier Martínez
- From the Department of Radiology, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, C/Villarroel 170, E-08036 Barcelona, Spain (J.I.-K., X.T.); Department of Radiology, Hospital de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (S.M., J.M.); Department of Sports Medicine and Imaging, Clínica Diagonal, Barcelona, Spain (C.P.); FCBarcelona Medical Department (FIFA Medical Center of Excellence), Barça Innovation Hub, Barcelona, Spain (R.P., G.R.); Department of Radiology, Centres Mèdics Creu Blanca, Barcelona, Spain (X.A.); Elite Sports Imaging, SL, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain (A.K.); Department of Radiology, Olympia Medical Center, Madrid, Spain (A.K.); Department of Radiology, Clínica Las Nieves, HTmédica, Jaén, Spain (A.L.); and Medicine Sport Unit, Hospital Clinic-Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain (G.R.)
| | - Xavier Tomas
- From the Department of Radiology, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, C/Villarroel 170, E-08036 Barcelona, Spain (J.I.-K., X.T.); Department of Radiology, Hospital de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (S.M., J.M.); Department of Sports Medicine and Imaging, Clínica Diagonal, Barcelona, Spain (C.P.); FCBarcelona Medical Department (FIFA Medical Center of Excellence), Barça Innovation Hub, Barcelona, Spain (R.P., G.R.); Department of Radiology, Centres Mèdics Creu Blanca, Barcelona, Spain (X.A.); Elite Sports Imaging, SL, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain (A.K.); Department of Radiology, Olympia Medical Center, Madrid, Spain (A.K.); Department of Radiology, Clínica Las Nieves, HTmédica, Jaén, Spain (A.L.); and Medicine Sport Unit, Hospital Clinic-Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain (G.R.)
| | - Gil Rodas
- From the Department of Radiology, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, C/Villarroel 170, E-08036 Barcelona, Spain (J.I.-K., X.T.); Department of Radiology, Hospital de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (S.M., J.M.); Department of Sports Medicine and Imaging, Clínica Diagonal, Barcelona, Spain (C.P.); FCBarcelona Medical Department (FIFA Medical Center of Excellence), Barça Innovation Hub, Barcelona, Spain (R.P., G.R.); Department of Radiology, Centres Mèdics Creu Blanca, Barcelona, Spain (X.A.); Elite Sports Imaging, SL, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain (A.K.); Department of Radiology, Olympia Medical Center, Madrid, Spain (A.K.); Department of Radiology, Clínica Las Nieves, HTmédica, Jaén, Spain (A.L.); and Medicine Sport Unit, Hospital Clinic-Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain (G.R.)
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10
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Aytekin CE, Turhan Y, Karaduman ZO, Arıcan M, Saglam S, Coskun SK, Uludag V. Investıgatıon of the effects of treatment with enoxaparın sodıum and hyperbarıc oxygen therapy on the recovery of rats wıth achılles tendon rupture. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2024; 25:556. [PMID: 39020358 PMCID: PMC11256415 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-024-07694-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy and enoxaparin sodium, which are known to accelerate bone tissue healing as well as tendon and soft tissue healing, on the healing of Achilles tendon rupture. METHODS Thirty-six rats were used in the present study. All rats were divided into groups of nine. The groups were the enoxaparin sodium group, enoxaparin sodium and hyperbaric oxygen group, hyperbaric oxygen group and control group. After 21 days, the process was completed, and the rats were sacrificed. Achilles tendon samples were evaluated histopathologically. RESULTS The groups were compared according to the results of statistical analysis based on the histopathological data. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of acute inflammation (p = 0.785) or chronic inflammation (p = 0.827) scores, but there were significant differences in neovascularization (p = 0.009), proliferation (p < 0.001) and fibrosis (p = 0.006) scores. CONCLUSION Our study showed that the use of enoxaparin sodium and hyperbaric oxygen had a positive effect on the healing of the Achilles tendon. Based on these results, we believe that the use of enoxaparin sodium and hyperbaric oxygen therapy after Achilles tendon rupture will be beneficial for healing and preventing complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cafer Erman Aytekin
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Duzce University, Duzce, Türkiye
| | - Yalcın Turhan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Duzce University, Duzce, Türkiye
| | - Zekeriya Okan Karaduman
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Duzce University, Duzce, Türkiye.
| | - Mehmet Arıcan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Duzce University, Duzce, Türkiye
| | - Sönmez Saglam
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Duzce University, Duzce, Türkiye
| | | | - Veysel Uludag
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Duzce University, Duzce, Türkiye
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Marvin JC, Liu EJ, Chen HH, Shiovitz DA, Andarawis-Puri N. Proteins Derived From MRL/MpJ Tendon Provisional Extracellular Matrix and Secretome Promote Pro-Regenerative Tenocyte Behavior. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.08.602500. [PMID: 39026846 PMCID: PMC11257490 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.08.602500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Tendinopathies are prevalent musculoskeletal conditions that have no effective therapies to attenuate scar formation. In contrast to other adult mammals, the tendons of Murphy Roths Large (MRL/MpJ) mice possess a superior healing capacity following acute and overuse injuries. Here, we hypothesized that the application of biological cues derived from the local MRL/MpJ tendon environment would direct otherwise scar-mediated tenocytes towards a pro-regenerative MRL/MpJ-like phenotype. We identified soluble factors enriched in the secretome of MRL/MpJ tenocytes using bioreactor systems and quantitative proteomics. We then demonstrated that the combined administration of structural and soluble constituents isolated from decellularized MRL/MpJ tendon provisional ECM (dPECM) and the secretome stimulate scar-mediated rodent tenocytes towards enhanced mechanosensitivity, proliferation, intercellular communication, and ECM deposition associated with MRL/MpJ cell behavior. Our findings highlight key biological mechanisms that drive MRL/MpJ tenocyte activity and their interspecies utility to be harnessed for therapeutic strategies that promote pro-regenerative healing outcomes. Teaser Proteins enriched in a super-healer mouse strain elicit interspecies utility in promoting pro-regenerative tenocyte behavior.
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12
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Papalamprou A, Yu V, Jiang W, Sheyn J, Stefanovic T, Chen A, Castaneda C, Chavez M, Sheyn D. Single Cell Transcriptomics-Informed Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Differentiation to Tenogenic Lineage. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.04.10.536240. [PMID: 37090543 PMCID: PMC10120682 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.10.536240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
During vertebrate embryogenesis, axial tendons develop from the paraxial mesoderm and differentiate through specific developmental stages to reach the syndetome stage. While the main roles of signaling pathways in the earlier stages of the differentiation have been well established, pathway nuances in syndetome specification from the sclerotome stage have yet to be explored. Here, we show stepwise differentiation of human iPSCs to the syndetome stage using chemically defined media and small molecules that were modified based on single cell RNA-sequencing and pathway analysis. We identified a significant population of branching off-target cells differentiating towards a neural phenotype overexpressing Wnt. Further transcriptomics post-addition of a WNT inhibitor at the somite stage and onwards revealed not only total removal of the neural off-target cells, but also increased syndetome induction efficiency. Fine-tuning tendon differentiation in vitro is essential to address the current challenges in developing a successful cell-based tendon therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Papalamprou
- Orthopaedic Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Victoria Yu
- Orthopaedic Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Wensen Jiang
- Orthopaedic Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Julia Sheyn
- Orthopaedic Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Tina Stefanovic
- Orthopaedic Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Angel Chen
- Orthopaedic Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Chloe Castaneda
- Orthopaedic Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Melissa Chavez
- Orthopaedic Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Dmitriy Sheyn
- Orthopaedic Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Orthopedics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
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13
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Bullock M, Pierson Z. Achilles Tendon Rupture. Clin Podiatr Med Surg 2024; 41:535-549. [PMID: 38789169 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpm.2024.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
There are many high-level studies comparing nonoperative treatment, open repair, and minimally invasive repair for Achilles tendon ruptures. This article summarizes the most up-to-date literature comparing these treatment options. The authors' preferred protocol for nonoperative treatment is discussed. Preferred techniques for open repair and chronic Achilles repair are discussed with reference to the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Bullock
- Department of Orthopedics, Covenant Healthcare, Saginaw, MI, USA; Department of Podiatric Medicine and Surgery, Central Michigan University, Saginaw, MI, USA.
| | - Zachary Pierson
- Carolina Foot and Ankle Specialists, 1505 SW Cary Parkway, Suite 200, Cary, NC 27511, USA
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14
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Nabil A, Abd Halim Hafez K, Rizk A, Abu Taleb A, Emad R. Does lateral extra-articular tenodesis affect knee stability in cases with isolated anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction? J Orthop 2024; 53:7-12. [PMID: 38450063 PMCID: PMC10912222 DOI: 10.1016/j.jor.2024.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The purpose of this randomised controlled trial was to assess the effect on knee function and stabilising effectiveness of lateral extra-articular tenodesis (LET) in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) restoration. Methods A prospective randomised clinical study that compared the functional outcomes of two groups-one undergoing anatomic single bundle ACL reconstruction (ASB-ACLR) with ilio-tibial band tenodesis (LET) for 20 patients, and the other undergoing ASB-ACLR-was carried out between February 2020 and August 2022. Results By combining Lateral Extra-articular Tenodesis (LET) with intra-articular Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction (ACLR), our study observed a significant reduction in the occurrence of high-grade pivot-shift phenomena. Prior to surgery, both Groups A and B exhibited graded (D) pivot-shift test results. However, post-surgery, the pivot-shift test yielded negative results in 60% of patients in Group A and 90% of patients in Group B. The statistical analysis revealed a notable difference between the two groups, as indicated by a P-value of 0.003. Upon conducting a brief follow-up, we evaluated the Lysholm score, and anterior knee stability of ACLR with LET, finding no statistically significant difference compared to those of single ACLR. The Lachman tests also revealed no significant disparity between the two groups (p = 0.106). Analyzing the Lysholm scores in Group A and Group B, we observed an increase to 90.70% and 91.10%, respectively. Conclusion Rotational stability is much improved when lateral extra-articular tenodesis (LET) utilizing the ilio-tibial band as an augmentation is used in ACL restoration. Especially useful for high-grade pivot-shift phenomena is this technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Nabil
- Orthopaedic Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Ahmed Rizk
- Orthopaedic Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Abu Taleb
- Orthopaedic Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ramy Emad
- Orthopaedic Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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15
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Adjei-Sowah E, Chandrasiri I, Xiao B, Liu Y, Ackerman JE, Soto C, Nichols AEC, Nolan K, Benoit DSW, Loiselle AE. Development of a nanoparticle-based tendon-targeting drug delivery system to pharmacologically modulate tendon healing. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadn2332. [PMID: 38896625 PMCID: PMC11186494 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adn2332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Satisfactory healing following acute tendon injury is marred by fibrosis. Despite the high frequency of tendon injuries and poor outcomes, there are no pharmacological therapies in use to enhance the healing process. Moreover, systemic treatments demonstrate poor tendon homing, limiting the beneficial effects of potential tendon therapeutics. To address this unmet need, we leveraged our existing tendon healing spatial transcriptomics dataset and identified an area enriched for expression of Acp5 (TRAP) and subsequently demonstrated robust TRAP activity in the healing tendon. This unexpected finding allowed us to refine and apply our existing TRAP binding peptide (TBP) functionalized nanoparticle (NP) drug delivery system (DDS) to facilitate improved delivery of systemic treatments to the healing tendon. To demonstrate the translational potential of this DDS, we delivered niclosamide (NEN), an S100a4 inhibitor. While systemic delivery of free NEN did not alter healing, TBP-NPNEN enhanced both functional and mechanical recovery, demonstrating the translational potential of this approach to enhance the tendon healing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuela Adjei-Sowah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14623, USA
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Indika Chandrasiri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14623, USA
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Baixue Xiao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14623, USA
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Yuxuan Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14623, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14623, USA
| | - Jessica E. Ackerman
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Celia Soto
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Anne E. C. Nichols
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics and Physical Performance, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Katherine Nolan
- Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Danielle S. W. Benoit
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14623, USA
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14623, USA
- Materials Science Program, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14623, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Phil and Penny Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
| | - Alayna E. Loiselle
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14623, USA
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics and Physical Performance, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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16
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Zhang M, Wang H, Dai GC, Lu PP, Gao YC, Cao MM, Li YJ, Rui YF. Injectable self-assembled GDF5-containing dipeptide hydrogels for enhanced tendon repair. Mater Today Bio 2024; 26:101046. [PMID: 38600922 PMCID: PMC11004210 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Owing to the tissue characteristics of tendons with few blood vessels and cells, the regeneration and repair of injured tendons can present a considerable challenge, which considerably affects the motor function of limbs and leads to serious physical and mental pain, along with an economic burden on patients. Herein, we designed and fabricated a dipeptide hydrogel (DPH) using polypeptides P11-4 and P11-8. This hydrogel exhibited self-assembly characteristics and could be administered in vitro. To endow the hydrogel with differentiation and regeneration abilities, we added different concentrations of growth differentiation factor 5 (GDF5) to form GDF5@DPH. GDF5@DPH promoted the aggregation and differentiation of tendon stem/progenitor cells and promoted the regeneration and repair of tendon cells and collagen fibers in injured areas. In addition, GDF5@DPH inhibited inflammatory reactions in the injured area. Owing to its injectable properties, DPH can jointly inhibit adhesion and scar hyperplasia between tissues caused by endogenous inflammation and exogenous surgery and can provide a favorable internal environment for the regeneration and repair of the injured area. Overall, the GDF5@DPH system exhibits considerable promise as a novel approach to treating tendon injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Orthopaedic Trauma Institute (OTI), Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Trauma Center, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Orthopaedic Trauma Institute (OTI), Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Trauma Center, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Guan-Chun Dai
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Orthopaedic Trauma Institute (OTI), Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Trauma Center, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Pan-Pan Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Orthopaedic Trauma Institute (OTI), Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Trauma Center, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yu-Cheng Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Orthopaedic Trauma Institute (OTI), Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Trauma Center, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Mu-Ming Cao
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Orthopaedic Trauma Institute (OTI), Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Trauma Center, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Ying-Juan Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yun-Feng Rui
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Orthopaedic Trauma Institute (OTI), Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Trauma Center, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
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17
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Wang B, Chen Q, Zou X, Zheng P, Zhu J. Advances in non-coding RNA in tendon injuries. Front Genet 2024; 15:1396195. [PMID: 38836038 PMCID: PMC11148651 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1396195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Tendons serve as important weight-bearing structures that smoothly transfer forces from muscles to skeletal parts, allowing contracted muscle movements to be translated into corresponding joint movements. For body mechanics, tendon tissue plays an important role. If the tendons are damaged to varying degrees, it can lead to disability or pain in patients. That is to say, tendon injuries havea significant impact on quality of life and deserve our high attention. Compared to other musculoskeletal tissues, tendons are hypovascular and hypo-cellular, and therefore have a greater ability to heal, this will lead to a longer recovery period after injury or even disability, which will significantly affect the quality of life. There are many causes of tendon injury, including trauma, genetic factors, inflammation, aging, and long-term overuse, and the study of related mechanisms is of great significance. Currently, tendon there are different treatment modalities, like injection therapy and surgical interventions. However, they have a high failure rate due to different reasons, among which the formation of adhesions severely weakens the tissue strength, affecting the functional recovery and the patient's quality of life. A large amount of data has shown that non coding RNAs can play a huge role in this field, thus attracting widespread attention from researchers from various countries. This review summarizes the relevant research progress on non-coding RNAs in tendon injuries, providing new ideas for a deeper understanding of tendon injuries and exploring new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- Department of Plastics, Tiantai People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province (Tiantai Branch of Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Taizhou, China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Center for Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaodi Zou
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ping Zheng
- Department of Plastics, Tiantai People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province (Tiantai Branch of Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Taizhou, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Center for General Practice Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
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18
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Nakazawa K, Toyoda H, Manaka T, Orita K, Hirakawa Y, Saito K, Iio R, Shimatani A, Ban Y, Yao H, Otsuki R, Torii Y, Oh JS, Shirafuji T, Nakamura H. In vivo study on the repair of rat Achilles tendon injury treated with non-thermal atmospheric-pressure helium microplasma jet. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301216. [PMID: 38743641 PMCID: PMC11093389 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-thermal atmospheric-pressure plasma (NTAPP) has been widely studied for clinical applications, e.g., disinfection, wound healing, cancer therapy, hemostasis, and bone regeneration. It is being revealed that the physical and chemical actions of plasma have enabled these clinical applications. Based on our previous report regarding plasma-stimulated bone regeneration, this study focused on Achilles tendon repair by NTAPP. This is the first study to reveal that exposure to NTAPP can accelerate Achilles tendon repair using a well-established Achilles tendon injury rat model. Histological evaluation using the Stoll's and histological scores showed a significant improvement at 2 and 4 weeks, with type I collagen content being substantial at the early time point of 2 weeks post-surgery. Notably, the replacement of type III collagen with type I collagen occurred more frequently in the plasma-treated groups at the early stage of repair. Tensile strength test results showed that the maximum breaking strength in the plasma-treated group at two weeks was significantly higher than that in the untreated group. Overall, our results indicate that a single event of NTAPP treatment during the surgery can contribute to an early recovery of an injured tendon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katusmasa Nakazawa
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Abeno, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Toyoda
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Abeno, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Abeno, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoya Manaka
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Abeno, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kumi Orita
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Abeno, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Kosuke Saito
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Abeno, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Iio
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Abeno, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Yoshitaka Ban
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Abeno, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hana Yao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Abeno, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Otsuki
- Department of Physics and Electronics, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sumiyoshi, Osakas, Japan
| | - Yamato Torii
- Department of Physics and Electronics, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sumiyoshi, Osakas, Japan
| | - Jun-Seok Oh
- Department of Physics and Electronics, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sumiyoshi, Osakas, Japan
| | - Tatsuru Shirafuji
- Department of Physics and Electronics, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sumiyoshi, Osakas, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Nakamura
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Abeno, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Abeno, Osaka, Japan
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19
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Smith EJ, Beaumont RE, Dudhia J, Guest DJ. Equine Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Tenocytes are Insensitive to a Combination of Inflammatory Cytokines and Have Distinct Molecular Responses Compared to Primary Tenocytes. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024; 20:1040-1059. [PMID: 38396222 PMCID: PMC11087315 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-024-10693-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Tissue fibrosis following tendon injury is a major clinical problem due to the increased risk of re-injury and limited treatment options; however, its mechanism remains unclear. Evidence suggests that insufficient resolution of inflammation contributes to fibrotic healing by disrupting tenocyte activity, with the NF-κB pathway being identified as a potential mediator. Equine embryonic stem cell (ESC) derived tenocytes may offer a potential cell-based therapy to improve tendon regeneration, but how they respond to an inflammatory environment is largely unknown. Our findings reveal for the first time that, unlike adult tenocytes, ESC-tenocytes are unaffected by IFN-γ, TNFα, and IL-1β stimulation; producing minimal changes to tendon-associated gene expression and generating 3-D collagen gel constructs indistinguishable from unstimulated controls. Inflammatory pathway analysis found these inflammatory cytokines failed to activate NF-κB in the ESC-tenocytes. However, NF-κB could be activated to induce changes in gene expression following stimulation with NF-κB pharmaceutical activators. Transcriptomic analysis revealed differences between cytokine and NF-κB signalling components between adult and ESC-tenocytes, which may contribute to the mechanism by which ESC-tenocytes escape inflammatory stimuli. Further investigation of these molecular mechanisms will help guide novel therapies to reduce fibrosis and encourage superior tendon healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily J Smith
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Services, The Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, Hatfield, Herts, AL9 7TA, UK.
| | - Ross E Beaumont
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Services, The Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, Hatfield, Herts, AL9 7TA, UK
| | - Jayesh Dudhia
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Services, The Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, Hatfield, Herts, AL9 7TA, UK
| | - Deborah J Guest
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Services, The Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, Hatfield, Herts, AL9 7TA, UK.
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20
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Yılmaz B, Kose O, Karahan N, Tumentemur G, Ertan MB, Ozdemir G, Sirin E. Effect of cilostazol on healing of achilles tendon ruptures: an experimental study on rats. Connect Tissue Res 2024; 65:226-236. [PMID: 38722149 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2024.2349817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate whether cilostazol (phosphodiesterase III inhibitor) could enhance the healing of Achilles tendon ruptures in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Achilles tendons of 24 healthy male adult rats were incised and repaired. The rats were randomly allocated to cilostazol and control groups. The cilostazol group received daily intragastric administration of 50 mg/kg cilostazol for 28 days, while the control group did not receive any medication. The rats were sacrificed on the 30th day, and the Achilles tendon was evaluated for biomechanical properties, histopathological characteristics, and immunohistochemical analysis. RESULTS All rats completed the experiment. The Movin sum score of the control group was significantly higher (p = 0.008) than that of the cilostazol group, with means of 11 ± 0.63 and 7.50 ± 1.15, respectively. Similarly, the mean Bonar score was significantly higher (p = 0.026) in the control group compared to the cilostazol group (8.33 ± 1.50 vs. 5.5 ± 0.54, respectively). Moreover, the Type I/Type III Collagen ratio was notably higher (p = 0.016) in the cilostazol group (52.2 ± 8.4) than in the control group (34.6 ± 10.2). The load to failure was substantially higher in the cilostazol group than in the control group (p = 0.034), suggesting that the tendons in the cilostazol group were stronger and exhibited greater resistance to failure. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that cilostazol treatment significantly improves the biomechanical and histopathological parameters of the healing Achilles tendon in rats. Cilostazol might be a valuable supplementary therapy in treating Achilles tendon ruptures in humans. Additional clinical studies are, however, required to verify these outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baris Yılmaz
- Fatih Sultan Mehmet Training & Research Hospital, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozkan Kose
- Antalya Training & Research Hospital, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University of Health Sciences, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Nazım Karahan
- Fatih Sultan Mehmet Training & Research Hospital, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gamze Tumentemur
- Vocational School of Health Services, Department of Pedology, Acibadem University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Barıs Ertan
- Antalya Training & Research Hospital, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University of Health Sciences, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Guzelali Ozdemir
- Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Evrim Sirin
- Medical Faculty, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
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21
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Troop LD, Puetzer JL. Intermittent Cyclic Stretch of Engineered Ligaments Drives Hierarchical Collagen Fiber Maturation in a Dose- and Organizational-Dependent Manner. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.06.588420. [PMID: 38645097 PMCID: PMC11030411 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.06.588420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Hierarchical collagen fibers are the primary source of strength in tendons and ligaments, however these fibers do not regenerate after injury or with repair, resulting in limited treatment options. We previously developed a culture system that guides ACL fibroblasts to produce native-sized fibers and fascicles by 6 weeks. These constructs are promising ligament replacements, but further maturation is needed. Mechanical cues are critical for development in vivo and in engineered tissues; however, the effect on larger fiber and fascicle formation is largely unknown. Our objective was to investigate whether intermittent cyclic stretch, mimicking rapid muscle activity, drives further maturation in our system to create stronger engineered replacements and to explore whether cyclic loading has differential effects on cells at different degrees of collagen organization to better inform engineered tissue maturation protocols. Constructs were loaded with an established intermittent cyclic loading regime at 5 or 10% strain for up to 6 weeks and compared to static controls. Cyclic loading drove cells to increase hierarchical collagen organization, collagen crimp, and tissue mechanics, ultimately producing constructs that matched or exceeded immature ACL properties. Further, the effect of loading on cells varied depending on degree of organization. Specifically, 10% load drove early improvements in mechanics and composition, while 5% load was more beneficial later in culture, suggesting a cellular threshold response and a shift in mechanotransduction. This study provides new insight into how cyclic loading affects cell-driven hierarchical fiber formation and maturation, which will help to develop better rehabilitation protocols and engineer stronger replacements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leia D. Troop
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23284, United States
| | - Jennifer L. Puetzer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23284, United States
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23284, United States
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22
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Xie X, Xu J, Ding D, Lin J, Han K, Wang C, Wang F, Zhao J, Wang L. Janus Membranes Patch Achieves High-Quality Tendon Repair: Inhibiting Exogenous Healing and Promoting Endogenous Healing. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:4300-4309. [PMID: 38534038 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c00818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
The imbalance between endogenous and exogenous healing is the fundamental reason for the poor tendon healing. In this study, a Janus patch was developed to promote endogenous healing and inhibit exogenous healing, leading to improved tendon repair. The upper layer of the patch is a poly(dl-lactide-co-glycolide)/polycaprolactone (PLGA/PCL) nanomembrane (PMCP-NM) modified with poly(2-methylacryloxyethyl phosphocholine) (PMPC), which created a lubricated and antifouling surface, preventing cell invasion and mechanical activation. The lower layer is a PLGA/PCL fiber membrane loaded with fibrin (Fb) (Fb-NM), serving as a temporary chemotactic scaffold to regulate the regenerative microenvironment. In vitro, the Janus patch effectively reduced 92.41% cell adhesion and 79.89% motion friction. In vivo, the patch inhibited tendon adhesion through the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway and promoted tendon maturation. This Janus patch is expected to provide a practical basis and theoretical guidance for high-quality soft tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Xie
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology of Ministry of Education College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Junjie Xu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Danzhi Ding
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology of Ministry of Education College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Jing Lin
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology of Ministry of Education College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Kang Han
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Chaorong Wang
- Shanghai Frontier Science Research Center for Advanced Textiles, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Fujun Wang
- Shanghai Frontier Science Research Center for Advanced Textiles, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Jinzhong Zhao
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology of Ministry of Education College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- Shanghai Frontier Science Research Center for Advanced Textiles, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
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23
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Tedesco A, Sharma AK, Acharya N, Rublev G, Hashmi S, Wu HH, Lee YP, Scolaro J, Bhatia N. The Role of Perioperative Nutritional Status and Supplementation in Orthopaedic Surgery: A Review of Postoperative Outcomes. JBJS Rev 2024; 12:01874474-202404000-00004. [PMID: 38619394 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.rvw.23.00242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
» Identification of malnourished and at-risk patients should be a standardized part of the preoperative evaluation process for every patient.» Malnourishment is defined as a disorder of energy, protein, and nutrients based on the presence of insufficient energy intake, weight loss, muscle atrophy, loss of subcutaneous fat, localized or generalized fluid accumulation, or diminished functional status.» Malnutrition has been associated with worse outcomes postoperatively across a variety of orthopaedic procedures because malnourished patients do not have a robust metabolic reserve available for recovery after surgery.» Screening assessment and basic laboratory studies may indicate patients' nutritional risk; however, laboratory values are often not specific for malnutrition, necessitating the use of prognostic screening tools.» Nutrition consultation and perioperative supplementation with amino acids and micronutrients are 2 readily available interventions that orthopaedic surgeons can select for malnourished patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Tedesco
- School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California
| | - Abhinav K Sharma
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Orange, California
| | - Nischal Acharya
- School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California
| | - George Rublev
- David Tvildiani Medical University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Sohaib Hashmi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Orange, California
| | - Hao-Hua Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Orange, California
| | - Yu-Po Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Orange, California
| | - John Scolaro
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Orange, California
| | - Nitin Bhatia
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Orange, California
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24
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Liu M, Zheng Q, Zheng Y, Yao Y, Wang R, Ta D, Jiang L. Combined Assessment of 2-D Ultrasound and Real-Time Shear Wave Elastography of Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound Therapy Efficacy in Rabbits with Achilles Tendinopathy. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2024; 50:407-413. [PMID: 38129224 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2023.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) has been gradually used to treat Achilles tendinopathy. However, there are limited non-invasive and efficient instruments for monitoring LIPUS efficacy in Achilles tendinopathy. The purpose of this study was to assess the therapeutic effectiveness of LIPUS after Achilles tendinopathy by 2-D ultrasound and real-time shear wave elastography (SWE). METHODS Ninety New Zealand white rabbits were divided into control, sham and LIPUS groups after tendinopathy modeling. On days 1, 4, 7, 14 and 28, the Achilles tendon thickness and SWE Young's modulus on the long axis were measured. The tissues of the Achilles tendon were then evaluated histologically. RESULTS The mean SWE values increased while the average thickness and histologic scores decreased, especially in the LIPUS group (9.5% and 80.7% on day 28, respectively). The SWE values in the LIPUS group were significantly lower than those in the control group on day 1 (121.0 kPa vs. 177.6 kPa) and peaked on day 7 (173.7 kPa, p < 0.001). By day 28, the SWE value had approached that of the control (191.2 kPa vs. 192.4 kPa), and had been significantly higher than that in the sham group since day 7. SWE values and histologic scores were correlated (r = -0.792, p < 0.01). The average thickness decreased in the three groups but did not differ significantly. CONCLUSION Two-dimensional ultrasound is beneficial to the diagnosis of Achilles tendinopathy. SWE could quantify changes in Achilles tendon stiffness non-invasively during LIPUS treatment, enabling the study of early Achilles tendon healing after LIPUS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Zheng
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiwen Zheng
- Department of Ultrasound, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yijing Yao
- Department of Ultrasound, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dean Ta
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lixin Jiang
- Department of Ultrasound, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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25
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Foti C, Vellucci C, Santoro A. Regenerative Medicine Solutions for Rotator Cuff Injuries in Athletes: Indications and Outcomes. Sports Med Arthrosc Rev 2024; 32:46-50. [PMID: 38695503 DOI: 10.1097/jsa.0000000000000399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Rotator cuff (RC) injuries include a wide range of pathologic states. Athletes are perhaps the most susceptible to RC injuries ranging from tendinopathy to partial or full-thickness tears, due to functional overload and repetitive movements, causing abstention from sports for long periods. Regenerative medicine keeps giving us multiple choices to fight the disability caused by these pathologies. A literature search was performed, and findings related to the structure-function of rotator cuff units, pathophysiology of injuries, regenerative medicine treatments, and future strategies were outlined. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has a greater number of articles and clinical trials, accompanied by stem cells progenitor, prolotherapy, and new approaches such as microfragmented adipose tissue and exosomes. RC injuries in athletes can cause pain, functional impotence, and the risk of recurrence, and can lead them to stop playing sports. Regenerative medicine offers a range of treatments, but some of them need further studies to underline their actual validity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calogero Foti
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy, EU
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26
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Heitz PH, Miron MC, Beauséjour M, Hupin M, DiLiddo L, Jourdain N, Nault ML. Ultrasound Assessment of Ankle Syndesmotic Injuries in a Pediatric Population. Clin J Sport Med 2024; 34:83-90. [PMID: 37882722 DOI: 10.1097/jsm.0000000000001193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine sensitivity and specificity for anterior-inferior tibiofibular ligament (AiTFL) integrity and tibiofibular clear-space (TFCS) cut-off points for dynamic evaluation using ultrasound (US) in a pediatric population. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING Tertiary care university-affiliated pediatric hospital patients between the ages of 12 and 18 sustaining acute ankle trauma with syndesmotic injury. INTERVENTIONS Participants were assigned to the syndesmotic injury protocol that included a standardized MRI and US. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Anterior-inferior tibiofibular ligament integrity for static assessment and TFCS measurements for dynamic assessment on US. For dynamic assessment, the distance between the distal tibia and fibula was first measured in neutral position and then in external rotation for each ankle. The US results on AiTFL integrity were compared with MRI, considered as our gold standard. Optimal cut-off points of TFCS values were determined with receiver operating characteristics curve analysis. RESULTS Twenty-six participants were included. Mean age was 14.8 years (SD = 1.3 years). Sensitivity and specificity for AiTFL integrity were 79% and 100%, respectively (4 false negatives on partial tears). For dynamic assessment, the cut-off points for the differences in tibiofibular distance between the 2 ankles in 1) neutral position (TFCS N I-U ) and 2) external rotation (TFCS ER I-U ) were 0.2 mm (sensitivity = 83% and specificity = 80%) and 0.1 mm (sensitivity = 83% and specificity = 80%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Static US could be used in a triage context as a diagnostic tool for AiTFL integrity in a pediatric population as it shows good sensitivity and excellent specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Henri Heitz
- Department of Surgery, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Université de Montréal, Edouard-Montpetit, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Marie-Claude Miron
- Department of Radiology, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Radiology, Université de Montréal, Edouard-Montpetit, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Marie Beauséjour
- Department of Surgery, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Université de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke-Campus Longueuil, Longueuil, QC, Canada
| | - Mathilde Hupin
- Department of Surgery, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Université de Montréal, Edouard-Montpetit, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Lydia DiLiddo
- Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, Edouard-Montpetit, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Marie-Lyne Nault
- Department of Surgery, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Université de Montréal, Edouard-Montpetit, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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27
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Giacomini F, Baião Barata D, Suk Rho H, Tahmasebi Birgani Z, van Blitterswijk C, Giselbrecht S, Truckenmüller R, Habibović P. Microfluidically Aligned Collagen to Maintain the Phenotype of Tenocytes In Vitro. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2303672. [PMID: 37902084 PMCID: PMC11468977 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202303672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Tendon is a highly organized tissue that transmits forces between muscle and bone. The architecture of the extracellular matrix of tendon, predominantly from collagen type I, is important for maintaining tenocyte phenotype and function. Therefore, in repair and regeneration of damaged and diseased tendon tissue, it is crucial to restore the aligned arrangement of the collagen type I fibers of the original matrix. To this end, a novel, user-friendly microfluidic piggyback platform is developed allowing the controlled patterned formation and alignment of collagen fibers simply on the bottom of culture dishes. Rat tenocytes cultured on the micropatterns of aligned fibrous collagen exhibit a more elongated morphology. The cells also show an increased expression of tenogenic markers at the gene and protein level compared to tenocytes cultured on tissue culture plastic or non-fibrillar collagen coatings. Moreover, using imprinted polystyrene replicas of aligned collagen fibers, this work shows that the fibrillar structure of collagen per se affects the tenocyte morphology, whereas the biochemical nature of collagen plays a prominent role in the expression of tenogenic markers. Beyond the controlled provision of aligned collagen, the microfluidic platform can aid in developing more physiologically relevant in vitro models of tendon and its regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Giacomini
- Department of Instructive Biomaterials EngineeringMERLN Institute for Technology‐Inspired Regenerative MedicineMaastricht UniversityUniversiteitssingel 40Maastricht6229 ERThe Netherlands
| | - David Baião Barata
- Department of Instructive Biomaterials EngineeringMERLN Institute for Technology‐Inspired Regenerative MedicineMaastricht UniversityUniversiteitssingel 40Maastricht6229 ERThe Netherlands
- Instituto de Medicina MolecularFaculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de LisboaAvenida Professor Egas MonizLisbon1649‐028Portugal
| | - Hoon Suk Rho
- Department of Instructive Biomaterials EngineeringMERLN Institute for Technology‐Inspired Regenerative MedicineMaastricht UniversityUniversiteitssingel 40Maastricht6229 ERThe Netherlands
| | - Zeinab Tahmasebi Birgani
- Department of Instructive Biomaterials EngineeringMERLN Institute for Technology‐Inspired Regenerative MedicineMaastricht UniversityUniversiteitssingel 40Maastricht6229 ERThe Netherlands
| | - Clemens van Blitterswijk
- Department of Instructive Biomaterials EngineeringMERLN Institute for Technology‐Inspired Regenerative MedicineMaastricht UniversityUniversiteitssingel 40Maastricht6229 ERThe Netherlands
| | - Stefan Giselbrecht
- Department of Instructive Biomaterials EngineeringMERLN Institute for Technology‐Inspired Regenerative MedicineMaastricht UniversityUniversiteitssingel 40Maastricht6229 ERThe Netherlands
| | - Roman Truckenmüller
- Department of Instructive Biomaterials EngineeringMERLN Institute for Technology‐Inspired Regenerative MedicineMaastricht UniversityUniversiteitssingel 40Maastricht6229 ERThe Netherlands
| | - Pamela Habibović
- Department of Instructive Biomaterials EngineeringMERLN Institute for Technology‐Inspired Regenerative MedicineMaastricht UniversityUniversiteitssingel 40Maastricht6229 ERThe Netherlands
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28
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Sato F, Masuda Y, Suzuki D, Hayashi T, Iwasaki T, Kim J, Matsumoto T, Maeda E. Biomechanical analysis of tendon regeneration capacity of Iberian ribbed newts following transection injury: Comparison to a mouse model. J Orthop Res 2024; 42:607-617. [PMID: 37819002 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Adult mammals are known for their poor ability to regenerate tissues, including tendons. On the other hand, urodeles have become an important model in regenerative studies for their remarkable ability to regenerate various body parts and organs throughout life, such as limbs, retinas, or even the brain. However, little is known about their capacity to regenerate injured tendons. If newts can also repair tendons without scar formation, they may be a suitable animal model for tendon regeneration studies in other adult vertebrates. Therefore, the present study used Iberian ribbed newts to characterize mechanical and structural regeneration of tendons following transection, using tensile tests and multiphoton microscopy. A digital flexor tendon in a hindlimb was transected either partially or completely, and regenerated tendon was examined 6 and 12 weeks after the operation. Tensile strength of regenerated tendons was significantly less than normal at 6 weeks, but was remarkably recovered at 12 weeks, reaching levels comparable to those of uninjured tendons. On the other hand, mouse tendons demonstrated poor recovery of strength even after 12 weeks. Multiphoton microscopy revealed that tendon-like collagenous tissue bridges residual tendon stubs in newts, but disorganized scar-like tissue filled the injured location in mice. These findings highlight the remarkable capacity of newts to recover from tendon injury and confirm the utility of newts as a model to study tendon regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumiya Sato
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yu Masuda
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Daisuke Suzuki
- Department of Health Science, Hokkaido Chitose College of Rehabilitation, Chitose, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Toshinori Hayashi
- Amphibian Research Center, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tomohito Iwasaki
- Department of Food Science and Human Wellness, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Jeonghyun Kim
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takeo Matsumoto
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Eijiro Maeda
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
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Yuan Z, Yu D, Wang Y, Liu L, Wang J, Ma C, Wu S. Early delivery of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells improves healing in a rat model of Achilles tendinopathy. Regen Med 2024; 19:93-102. [PMID: 38415316 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2023-0222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to explore the efficacy and optimal delivery time of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) in treating collagenase-induced Achilles tendinopathy. Methods: Achilles tendinopathy in rats at early or advanced stages was induced by injecting collagenase I into bilateral Achilles tendons. A total of 28 injured rats were injected with a hUC-MSC solution or normal saline into bilateral tendons twice and sampled after 4 weeks for histological staining, gene expression analysis, transmission electron microscope assay and biomechanical testing analysis. Results: The results revealed better histological performance and a larger collagen fiber diameter in the MSC group. mRNA expression of TNF-α, IL-1β and MMP-3 was lower after MSC transplantation. Early MSC delivery promoted collagen I and TIMP-3 synthesis, and strengthened tendon toughness. Conclusion: hUC-MSCs demonstrated a therapeutic effect in treating collagenase-induced Achilles tendinopathy, particularly in the early stage of tendinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Yuan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ding Yu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology
| | - Yanxue Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lijiaqi Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junchao Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chao Ma
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaoling Wu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Singh K, Gupta JK, Kumar S. The Pharmacological Potential of Resveratrol in Reducing Soft Tissue Damage in Osteoarthritis Patients. Curr Rheumatol Rev 2024; 20:27-38. [PMID: 37694798 DOI: 10.2174/1573397119666230911113134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease that causes the cartilage and bone underneath the joint to break down. This causes pain and stiffness. Resveratrol, a polyphenolic compound found in various vegetables, fruits, and red wine, has been studied for its beneficial effects on osteoarthritis. Resveratrol has been shown to target a variety of pathways, including the NF-κB, PI3K/Akt, MAPK/ERK, and AMPK pathways. In particular, resveratrol has been studied for its potential use in treating osteoarthritis, and it has been shown to reduce inflammation, reduce cartilage degradation, and improve joint function. In this review, we discuss the evidence for the pharmacological use of resveratrol in minimizing soft tissue damage associated with osteoarthritis. We summarize the studies on how resveratrol has anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-apoptotic effects, as well as effects on cartilage degradation, osteoblast and synoviocyte proliferation, and cytokine production. We also discuss the possible mechanisms of action of resveratrol in osteoarthritis and its potential as a therapeutic agent. Finally, we discuss the potential risks and adverse effects of long-term resveratrol supplementation. Overall, resveratrol has been found to be a possible treatment for osteoarthritis because of its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-apoptotic properties, and its ability to control the production of enzymes that break down cartilage, osteoblasts, and synoviocytes. Although numerous clinical studies have demonstrated resveratrol's efficacy as an osteoarthritis management agent, further long-term studies are needed to better understand the safety and potential benefits of using resveratrol for osteoarthritis management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuldeep Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jeetendra Kumar Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shivendra Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Rajiv Academy for Pharmacy, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
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von Witzleben M, Hahn J, Richter RF, de Freitas B, Steyer E, Schütz K, Vater C, Bernhardt A, Elschner C, Gelinsky M. Tailoring the pore design of embroidered structures by melt electrowriting to enhance the cell alignment in scaffold-based tendon reconstruction. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 156:213708. [PMID: 38029698 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Tissue engineering of ligaments and tendons aims to reproduce the complex and hierarchical tissue structure while meeting the biomechanical and biological requirements. For the first time, the additive manufacturing methods of embroidery technology and melt electrowriting (MEW) were combined to mimic these properties closely. The mechanical benefits of embroidered structures were paired with a superficial micro-scale structure to provide a guide pattern for directional cell growth. An evaluation of several previously reported MEW fiber architectures was performed. The designs with the highest cell orientation of primary dermal fibroblasts were then applied to embroidery structures and subsequently evaluated using human adipose-derived stem cells (AT-MSC). The addition of MEW fibers resulted in the formation of a mechanically robust layer on the embroidered scaffolds, leading to composite structures with mechanical properties comparable to those of the anterior cruciate ligament. Furthermore, the combination of embroidered and MEW structures supports a higher cell orientation of AT-MSC compared to embroidered structures alone. Collagen coating further promoted cell attachment. Thus, these investigations provide a sound basis for the fabrication of heterogeneous and hierarchical synthetic tendon and ligament substitutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max von Witzleben
- Technische Universität Dresden, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Judith Hahn
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e. V. (IPF), Institute of Polymer Materials, Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Ron F Richter
- Technische Universität Dresden, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Bianca de Freitas
- Technische Universität Dresden, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Emily Steyer
- Technische Universität Dresden, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Kathleen Schütz
- Technische Universität Dresden, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Corina Vater
- Technische Universität Dresden, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Anne Bernhardt
- Technische Universität Dresden, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Cindy Elschner
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e. V. (IPF), Institute of Polymer Materials, Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Gelinsky
- Technische Universität Dresden, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
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Anjum S, Li T, Saeed M, Ao Q. Exploring polysaccharide and protein-enriched decellularized matrix scaffolds for tendon and ligament repair: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127891. [PMID: 37931866 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Tissue engineering (TE) has become a primary research topic for the treatment of diseased or damaged tendon/ligament (T/L) tissue. T/L injuries pose a severe clinical burden worldwide, necessitating the development of effective strategies for T/L repair and tissue regeneration. TE has emerged as a promising strategy for restoring T/L function using decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM)-based scaffolds. dECM scaffolds have gained significant prominence because of their native structure, relatively high bioactivity, low immunogenicity, and ability to function as scaffolds for cell attachment, proliferation, and differentiation, which are difficult to imitate using synthetic materials. Here, we review the recent advances and possible future prospects for the advancement of dECM scaffolds for T/L tissue regeneration. We focus on crucial scaffold properties and functions, as well as various engineering strategies employed for biomaterial design in T/L regeneration. dECM provides both the physical and mechanical microenvironments required by cells to survive and proliferate. Various decellularization methods and sources of allogeneic and xenogeneic dECM in T/L repair and regeneration are critically discussed. Additionally, dECM hydrogels, bio-inks in 3D bioprinting, and nanofibers are briefly explored. Understanding the opportunities and challenges associated with dECM-based scaffold development is crucial for advancing T/L repairs in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabnam Anjum
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Control of Tissue Regenerative Biomaterial, Institute of Regulatory Science for Medical Device, National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
| | - Mohammad Saeed
- Dr. A.P.J Abdul Kalam Technical University, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Qiang Ao
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Control of Tissue Regenerative Biomaterial, Institute of Regulatory Science for Medical Device, National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
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Xie X, Xu J, Lin J, Chen L, Ding D, Hu Y, Han K, Li C, Wang F, Zhao J, Wang L. Micro-nano hierarchical scaffold providing temporal-matched biological constraints for tendon reconstruction. Biofabrication 2023; 16:015018. [PMID: 38100814 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ad1608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Due to the limitations of tendon biology, high-quality tendon repair remains a clinical and scientific challenge. Here, a micro-nano hierarchical scaffold is developed to promote orderly tendon regeneration by providing temporal-matched biological constraints. In short, fibrin (Fb), which provides biological constraints, is loaded into poly (DL-lactide-co-glycolide) nanoyarns with suitable degradation cycles (Fb-loaded nanofiber yarns (Fb-NY)). Then further combined with braiding technology, temporary chemotactic Fb scaffolds with tendon extracellular matrix-like structures are obtained to initiate the regeneration process. At the early stage of healing (2 w), the regeneration microenvironment is regulated (inducing M2 macrophages and restoring the early blood supply necessary for healing) by Fb, and the alignment of cells and collagen is induced by nanoyarn. At the late healing stage (8 w), with the degradation of Fb-NY, non-functional vascular regression occurs, and the newborn tissues gradually undergo load-bearing remodeling, restoring the anvascularous and ordered structure of the tendon. In summary, the proposed repair strategy provides temporal-matched biological constraints, offering a potential pathway to reconstruct the ordered structure and function of tendons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Xie
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjie Xu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Lin
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Chen
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, People's Republic of China
| | - Danzhi Ding
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Yage Hu
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Kang Han
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaojing Li
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Fujun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinzhong Zhao
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China
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Yu C, Feng S, Li Y, Chen J. Application of Nondegradable Synthetic Materials for Tendon and Ligament Injury. Macromol Biosci 2023; 23:e2300259. [PMID: 37440424 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Tendon and ligament injuries, prevalent requiring surgical intervention, significantly impact joint stability and function. Owing to excellent mechanical properties and biochemical stability, Nondegradable synthetic materials, including polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), have demonstrated significant potential in the treatment of tendon and ligament injuries. These above materials offer substantial mechanical support, joint mobility, and tissue healing promotion of the shoulder, knee, and ankle joint. This review conclude the latest development and application of nondegradable materials such as artificial patches and ligaments in tendon and ligament injuries including rotator cuff tears (RCTs), anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries, and Achilles tendon ruptures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengxuan Yu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University; Sports Medicine Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Sijia Feng
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University; Sports Medicine Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Yunxia Li
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University; Sports Medicine Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University; Sports Medicine Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
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Jenkins TL, Sarmiento Huertas PA, Umemori K, Guilak F, Little D. Tendon-derived matrix crosslinking techniques for electrospun multi-layered scaffolds. J Biomed Mater Res A 2023; 111:1875-1887. [PMID: 37489733 PMCID: PMC10592356 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Tendon tears are common and healing often occurs incompletely and by fibrosis. Tissue engineering seeks to improve repair, and one approach under investigation uses cell-seeded scaffolds containing biomimetic factors. Retention of biomimetic factors on the scaffolds is likely critical to maximize their benefit, while minimizing the risk of adverse effects, and without losing the beneficial effects of the biomimetic factors. The aim of the current study was to evaluate cross-linking methods to enhance the retention of tendon-derived matrix (TDM) on electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) scaffolds. We tested the effects of ultraviolet (UV) or carbodiimide (EDC:NHS:COOH) crosslinking methods to better retain TDM to the scaffolds and stimulate tendon-like matrix synthesis. Initially, we tested various crosslinking configurations of carbodiimide (2.5:1:1, 5:2:1, and 10:4:1 EDC:NHS:COOH ratios) and UV (30 s 1 J/cm2 , 60 s 1 J/cm2 , and 60 s 4 J/cm2 ) on PCL films compared to un-crosslinked TDM. We found that no crosslinking tested retained more TDM than coating alone (Kruskal-Wallis: p > .05), but that human adipose stem cells (hASCs) spread most on the 60 s 1 J/cm2 UV- and 2.5:1:1 EDC-crosslinked films (Kruskal-Wallis: p < .05). Next, we compared the effects of 60 s 1 J/cm2 UV- and 2.5:1:1 EDC-crosslinked to TDM-coated and untreated PCL scaffolds on hASC-induced tendon-like differentiation. UV-crosslinked scaffolds had greater modulus and stiffness than PCL or TDM scaffolds, and hASCs spread more on UV-crosslinked scaffolds (ANOVA: p < .05). Fourier transform infrared spectra revealed that UV- or EDC-crosslinking TDM did not affect the peaks at wavenumbers characteristic of tendon. Crosslinking TDM to electrospun scaffolds improves tendon-like matrix synthesis, providing a viable strategy for improving retention of TDM on electrospun PCL scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas L. Jenkins
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
| | | | - Kentaro Umemori
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
| | - Farshid Guilak
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, MO
- Shriners Hospitals for Children – St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Dianne Little
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
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Adjei-Sowah E, Chandrasiri I, Xiao B, Liu Y, Ackerman JE, Soto C, Nichols AEC, Nolan K, Benoit DSW, Loiselle AE. Development of a Nanoparticle-Based Tendon-Targeting Drug Delivery System to Pharmacologically Modulate Tendon Healing. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.29.569204. [PMID: 38076889 PMCID: PMC10705411 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.29.569204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Tendon regeneration following acute injury is marred by a fibrotic healing response that prevents complete functional recovery. Despite the high frequency of tendon injuries and the poor outcomes, including functional deficits and elevated risk of re-injury, there are currently no pharmacological therapies in clinical use to enhance the healing process. Several promising pharmacotherapies have been identified; however, systemic treatments lack tendon specificity, resulting in poor tendon biodistribution and perhaps explaining the largely limited beneficial effects of these treatments on the tendon healing process. To address this major unmet need, we leveraged our existing spatial transcriptomics dataset of the tendon healing process to identify an area of the healing tendon that is enriched for expression of Acp5. Acp5 encodes tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), and we demonstrate robust TRAP activity in the healing tendon. This unexpected finding allowed us to refine and apply our existing TRAP binding peptide (TBP) functionalized nanoparticle (NP) drug delivery system (DDS) to facilitate improved delivery of systemic treatments to the healing tendon. To demonstrate the translational potential of this drug delivery system, we delivered the S100a4 inhibitor, Niclosamide to the healing tendon. We have previously shown that genetic knockdown of S100a4 enhances tendon healing. While systemic delivery of Niclosamide did not affect the healing process, relative to controls, TBP-NP delivery of Niclosamide enhanced both functional and mechanical outcome measures. Collectively, these data identify a novel tendon-targeting drug delivery system and demonstrate the translational potential of this approach to enhance the tendon healing process.
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Clerici M, Citro V, Byrne AL, Dale TP, Boccaccini AR, Della Porta G, Maffulli N, Forsyth NR. Endotenon-Derived Type II Tendon Stem Cells Have Enhanced Proliferative and Tenogenic Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15107. [PMID: 37894787 PMCID: PMC10606148 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Tendon injuries caused by overuse or age-related deterioration are frequent. Incomplete knowledge of somatic tendon cell biology and their progenitors has hindered interventions for the effective repair of injured tendons. Here, we sought to compare and contrast distinct tendon-derived cell populations: type I and II tendon stem cells (TSCs) and tenocytes (TNCs). Porcine type I and II TSCs were isolated via the enzymatic digestion of distinct membranes (paratenon and endotenon, respectively), while tenocytes were isolated through an explant method. Resultant cell populations were characterized by morphology, differentiation, molecular, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence analysis. Cells were isolated, cultured, and evaluated in two alternate oxygen concentrations (physiological (2%) and air (21%)) to determine the role of oxygen in cell biology determination within this relatively avascular tissue. The different cell populations demonstrated distinct proliferative potential, morphology, and transcript levels (both for tenogenic and stem cell markers). In contrast, all tendon-derived cell populations displayed multipotent differentiation potential and immunophenotypes (positive for CD90 and CD44). Type II TSCs emerged as the most promising tendon-derived cell population for expansion, given their enhanced proliferative potential, multipotency, and maintenance of a tenogenic profile at early and late passage. Moreover, in all cases, physoxia promoted the enhanced proliferation and maintenance of a tenogenic profile. These observations help shed light on the biological mechanisms of tendon cells, with the potential to aid in the development of novel therapeutic approaches for tendon disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Clerici
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent ST4 7QB, UK; (M.C.); (V.C.); (A.L.B.); (T.P.D.); (N.M.)
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy;
| | - Vera Citro
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent ST4 7QB, UK; (M.C.); (V.C.); (A.L.B.); (T.P.D.); (N.M.)
- Institute for Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany;
| | - Amy L. Byrne
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent ST4 7QB, UK; (M.C.); (V.C.); (A.L.B.); (T.P.D.); (N.M.)
| | - Tina P. Dale
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent ST4 7QB, UK; (M.C.); (V.C.); (A.L.B.); (T.P.D.); (N.M.)
| | - Aldo R. Boccaccini
- Institute for Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany;
| | - Giovanna Della Porta
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy;
- Interdepartmental Centre BIONAM, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo I, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Nicola Maffulli
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent ST4 7QB, UK; (M.C.); (V.C.); (A.L.B.); (T.P.D.); (N.M.)
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy;
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D’Aragona”, 84131 Salerno, Italy
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Nicholas R. Forsyth
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent ST4 7QB, UK; (M.C.); (V.C.); (A.L.B.); (T.P.D.); (N.M.)
- Vice Principals’ Office, University of Aberdeen, Kings College, Aberdeen AB24 3FX, UK
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Lake SP, Snedeker JG, Wang VM, Awad H, Screen HRC, Thomopoulos S. Guidelines for ex vivo mechanical testing of tendon. J Orthop Res 2023; 41:2105-2113. [PMID: 37312619 PMCID: PMC10528429 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Tendons are critical for the biomechanical function of joints. Tendons connect muscles to bones and allow for the transmission of muscle forces to facilitate joint motion. Therefore, characterizing the tensile mechanical properties of tendons is important for the assessment of functional tendon health and efficacy of treatments for acute and chronic injuries. In this guidelines paper, we review methodological considerations, testing protocols, and key outcome measures for mechanical testing of tendons. The goal of the paper is to present a simple set of guidelines to the nonexpert seeking to perform tendon mechanical tests. The suggested approaches provide rigorous and consistent methodologies for standardized biomechanical characterization of tendon and reporting requirements across laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spencer P. Lake
- Department of Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | | | - Vincent M. Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Hani Awad
- Department of Orthopaedics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Hazel R. C. Screen
- School of Engineering & Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Stavros Thomopoulos
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
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Alvarez-Lorenzo C, Zarur M, Seijo-Rabina A, Blanco-Fernandez B, Rodríguez-Moldes I, Concheiro A. Physical stimuli-emitting scaffolds: The role of piezoelectricity in tissue regeneration. Mater Today Bio 2023; 22:100740. [PMID: 37521523 PMCID: PMC10374602 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The imbalance between life expectancy and quality of life is increasing due to the raising prevalence of chronic diseases. Musculoskeletal disorders and chronic wounds affect a growing percentage of people and demand more efficient tools for regenerative medicine. Scaffolds that can better mimic the natural physical stimuli that tissues receive under healthy conditions and during healing may significantly aid the regeneration process. Shape, mechanical properties, pore size and interconnectivity have already been demonstrated to be relevant scaffold features that can determine cell adhesion and differentiation. Much less attention has been paid to scaffolds that can deliver more dynamic physical stimuli, such as electrical signals. Recent developments in the precise measurement of electrical fields in vivo have revealed their key role in cell movement (galvanotaxis), growth, activation of secondary cascades, and differentiation to different lineages in a variety of tissues, not just neural. Piezoelectric scaffolds can mimic the natural bioelectric potentials and gradients in an autonomous way by generating the electric stimuli themselves when subjected to mechanical loads or, if the patient or the tissue lacks mobility, ultrasound irradiation. This review provides an analysis on endogenous bioelectrical signals, recent developments on piezoelectric scaffolds for bone, cartilage, tendon and nerve regeneration, and their main outcomes in vivo. Wound healing with piezoelectric dressings is addressed in the last section with relevant examples of performance in animal models. Results evidence that a fine adjustment of material composition and processing (electrospinning, corona poling, 3D printing, annealing) provides scaffolds that act as true emitters of electrical stimuli that activate endogenous signaling pathways for more efficient and long-term tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Alvarez-Lorenzo
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto de Materiales (iMATUS) and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Mariana Zarur
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto de Materiales (iMATUS) and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Alejandro Seijo-Rabina
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto de Materiales (iMATUS) and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Barbara Blanco-Fernandez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto de Materiales (iMATUS) and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Isabel Rodríguez-Moldes
- Grupo NEURODEVO, Departamento de Bioloxía Funcional, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Angel Concheiro
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto de Materiales (iMATUS) and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Leahy TP, Fung AK, Weiss SN, Dyment NA, Soslowsky LJ. Investigating the temporal roles of decorin and biglycan in tendon healing. J Orthop Res 2023; 41:2238-2249. [PMID: 37132501 PMCID: PMC10525000 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The small leucine-rich proteoglycans, decorin and biglycan, are minor components of the tendon extracellular matrix that regulate fibrillogenesis and matrix assembly. Our study objective was to define the temporal roles of decorin and biglycan during tendon healing using inducible knockout mice to include genetic knockdown at specific phases of healing: time of injury, the proliferative phase, and the remodeling phase. We hypothesized that knockdown of decorin or biglycan would adversely affect tendon healing, and that by prescribing the timing of knockdown, we could elucidate the temporal roles of these proteins during healing. Contrary to our hypothesis, decorin knockdown did not affect tendon healing. However, when biglycan was knocked down, either alone or coupled with decorin, tendon modulus was increased relative to wild-type mice, and this finding was consistent among all induction timepoints. At 6 weeks postinjury, we observed increased expression of genes associated with the extracellular matrix and growth factor signaling in the biglycan knockdown and compound decorin-biglycan knockdown tendons. Interestingly, these groups demonstrated opposing trends in gene expression as a function of knockdown-induction timepoint, highlighting distinct temporal roles for decorin and biglycan. In summary, this study finds that biglycan plays multiple functions throughout tendon healing, with the most impactful, detrimental role likely occurring during late-stage healing. Statement of clinical importance: This study helps to define the molecular factors that regulate tendon healing, which may aid in the development of new clinical therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas P. Leahy
- McKay Orthopaedic Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ashley K. Fung
- McKay Orthopaedic Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Stephanie N. Weiss
- McKay Orthopaedic Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nathaniel A. Dyment
- McKay Orthopaedic Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Louis J. Soslowsky
- McKay Orthopaedic Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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41
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Jiang L, Liu T, Lyu K, Chen Y, Lu J, Wang X, Long L, Li S. Inflammation-related signaling pathways in tendinopathy. Open Life Sci 2023; 18:20220729. [PMID: 37744452 PMCID: PMC10512452 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Tendon is a connective tissue that produces movement by transmitting the force produced by muscle contraction to the bones. Most tendinopathy is caused by prolonged overloading of the tendon, leading to degenerative disease of the tendon. When overloaded, the oxygen demand of tenocytes increases, and the tendon structure is special and lacks blood supply, which makes it easier to form an oxygen-deficient environment in tenocytes. The production of reactive oxygen species due to hypoxia causes elevation of inflammatory markers in the tendon, including PGE2, IL-1β, and TNF-α. In the process of tendon healing, inflammation is also a necessary stage. The inflammatory environment formed by cytokines and various immune cells play an important role in the clearance of necrotic material, the proliferation of tenocytes, and the production of collagen fibers. However, excessive inflammation can lead to tendon adhesions and hinder tendon healing. Some important and diverse biological functions of the body originate from intercellular signal transduction, among which cytokine mediation is an important way of signal transduction. In particular, NF-κB, NLRP3, p38/MAPK, and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, four common signaling pathways in tendinopathy inflammatory response, play a crucial role in the regulation and transcription of inflammatory factors. Therefore, summarizing the specific mechanisms of inflammatory signaling pathways in tendinopathy is of great significance for an in-depth understanding of the inflammatory response process and exploring how to inhibit the harmful part of the inflammatory response and promote the beneficial part to improve the healing effect of the tendon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Jiang
- School of Physical Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Tianzhu Liu
- Neurology Department, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Kexin Lyu
- School of Physical Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Yixuan Chen
- School of Physical Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Jingwei Lu
- School of Physical Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Wang
- The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Longhai Long
- The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Sen Li
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital
of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210000, China
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Li Y, Li W, Liu X, Liu X, Zhu B, Guo S, Wang C, Wang D, Li S, Zhang Z. Effects of Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound in Tendon Injuries. JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE 2023; 42:1923-1939. [PMID: 37079603 DOI: 10.1002/jum.16230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Tendon injuries are the most common soft tissue injuries, caused by tissue overuse and age-related degeneration. However, the tendon repair process is slow and inefficient due to the lack of cellular structure and blood vessels in the tendon. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) has received increasing attention as a non-invasive, simple, and safe way to promote tendon healing. This review summarizes the effects and underlying mechanisms of LIPUS on tendon injury by comprehensively examining the published literature, including in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies. This review reviewed 24 studies, with 87.5% showing improvement. The application of LIPUS in tendon diseases is a promising field worthy of further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Li
- Institute of Physical Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Li
- Orthopaedics Department, Hejiang County People's Hospital, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinyue Liu
- Institute of Physical Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Xueli Liu
- Institute of Physical Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Bin Zhu
- Institute of Physical Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Sheng Guo
- Spinal Surgery Department, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Chenglong Wang
- Spinal Surgery Department, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Dingxuan Wang
- Institute of Physical Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Sen Li
- Spinal Surgery Department, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhongfa Zhang
- Orthopaedics Department, Hejiang County People's Hospital, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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43
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Stanchev S, Gaydarski L, Iliev A, Krupev M, Kotov G, Landzhov B. New insight into the morphological characteristics of patella cubiti. Surg Radiol Anat 2023; 45:1103-1106. [PMID: 37253810 DOI: 10.1007/s00276-023-03172-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Accessory bones in the elbow region are rare anatomical variations with important clinical significance as they can be misdiagnosed as pathological lesions. Usually, they are asymptomatic and found incidentally during X-ray examination in the context of trauma. Although these bones have been previously described, their development is not fully understood. The present case provides complex macroscopic, X-ray and histological descriptions of a sesamoid bone in the posterior region of the elbow-patella cubiti and the related surrounding structures. Moreover, this report indicates the presence of a well-defined syndesmosis between patella cubiti and the proximal ulna.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stancho Stanchev
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Sofia, 2 'Zdrave' St., 1431, Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | - Lyubomir Gaydarski
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Sofia, 2 'Zdrave' St., 1431, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Alexandar Iliev
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Sofia, 2 'Zdrave' St., 1431, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Martin Krupev
- Clinic of Imaging Diagnostics, Department of Imaging Diagnostics, University Hospital 'Alexandrovska', Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Georgi Kotov
- Clinic of Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital 'St. Ivan Rilski', Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Boycho Landzhov
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Sofia, 2 'Zdrave' St., 1431, Sofia, Bulgaria
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44
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Shojaee A. Equine tendon mechanical behaviour: Prospects for repair and regeneration applications. Vet Med Sci 2023; 9:2053-2069. [PMID: 37471573 PMCID: PMC10508504 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Tendons are dense connective tissues that play an important role in the biomechanical function of the musculoskeletal system. The mechanical forces have been implicated in every aspect of tendon biology. Tendon injuries are frequently occurring and their response to treatments is often unsatisfactory. A better understanding of tendon biomechanics and mechanobiology can help develop treatment options to improve clinical outcomes. Recently, tendon tissue engineering has gained more attention as an alternative treatment due to its potential to overcome the limitations of current treatments. This review first provides a summary of tendon mechanical properties, focusing on recent findings of tendon mechanobiological responses. In the next step, we highlight the biomechanical parameters of equine energy-storing and positional tendons. The final section is devoted to how mechanical loading contributes to tenogenic differentiation using bioreactor systems. This study may help develop novel strategies for tendon injury prevention or accelerate and improve tendon healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asiyeh Shojaee
- Division of PhysiologyDepartment of Basic SciencesFaculty of Veterinary MedicineFerdowsi University of MashhadMashhadIran
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45
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Cui J, Zhang YJ, Li X, Luo JJ, Zhao LL, Xie XY, Ding W, Luo JC, Qin TW. Decellularized tendon scaffolds loaded with collagen targeted extracellular vesicles from tendon-derived stem cells facilitate tendon regeneration. J Control Release 2023; 360:842-857. [PMID: 37478916 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Stem cell-based treatment of tendon injuries remains to have some inherent issues. Extracellular vesicles derived from stem cells have shown promising achievements in tendon regeneration, though their retention in vivo is low. This study reports on the use of a collagen binding domain (CBD) to bind extracellular vesicles, obtained from tendon-derived stem cells (TDSCs), to collagen. CBD-extracellular vesicles (CBD-EVs) were coupled to decellularized bovine tendon sheets (DBTS) to fabricate a bio-functionalized scaffold (CBD-EVs-DBTS). Our results show that thus obtained bio-functionalized scaffolds facilitate the proliferation, migration and tenogenic differentiation of stem cells in vitro. Furthermore, the scaffolds promote endogenous stem cell recruitment to the defects, facilitate collagen deposition and improve the biomechanics of injured tendons, thus resulting in functional regeneration of tendons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Cui
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan-Jing Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuan Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jia-Jiao Luo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei-Lei Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin-Yue Xie
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Ding
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing-Cong Luo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting-Wu Qin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Karimi E, Vahedi N, Sarbandi RR, Parandakh A, Ganjoury C, Sigaroodi F, Najmoddin N, Tabatabaei M, Tafazzoli-Shadpour M, Ardeshirylajimi A, Khani MM. Nanoscale vibration could promote tenogenic differentiation of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2023:10.1007/s11626-023-00780-4. [PMID: 37405626 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-023-00780-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Regulation of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) fate for targeted cell therapy applications has been a subject of interest, particularly for tissues such as tendons that possess a marginal regenerative capacity. Control of MSCs' fate into the tendon-specific lineage has mainly been achieved by implementation of chemical growth factors. Mechanical stimuli or 3-dimensional (D) scaffolds have been used as an additional tool for the differentiation of MSCs into tenocytes, but oftentimes, they require a sophisticated bioreactor or a complex scaffold fabrication technique which reduces the feasibility of the proposed method to be used in practice. Here, we used nanovibration to induce the differentiation of MSCs toward the tenogenic fate solely by the use of nanovibration and without the need for growth factors or complex scaffolds. MSCs were cultured on 2D cell culture dishes that were connected to piezo ceramic arrays to apply nanovibration (30-80 nm and 1 kHz frequency) over 7 and 14 d. We observed that nanovibration resulted in significant overexpression of tendon-related markers in both gene expression and protein expression levels, while there was no significant differentiation into adipose and cartilage lineages. These findings could be of assistance in the mechanoregulation of MSCs for stem cell engineering and regenerative medicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elahe Karimi
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negin Vahedi
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Ramezani Sarbandi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azim Parandakh
- Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Camellia Ganjoury
- Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faraz Sigaroodi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Najmeh Najmoddin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Tabatabaei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Abdolreza Ardeshirylajimi
- Sina Cell Research and Product Center, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mohammad-Mehdi Khani
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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47
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Abdulmalik S, Gallo J, Nip J, Katebifar S, Arul M, Lebaschi A, Munch LN, Bartly JM, Choudhary S, Kalajzic I, Banasavadi-Siddegowdae YK, Nukavarapu SP, Kumbar SG. Nanofiber matrix formulations for the delivery of Exendin-4 for tendon regeneration: In vitro and in vivo assessment. Bioact Mater 2023; 25:42-60. [PMID: 36733930 PMCID: PMC9876843 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Tendon and ligament injuries are the most common musculoskeletal injuries, which not only impact the quality of life but result in a massive economic burden. Surgical interventions for tendon/ligament injuries utilize biological and/or engineered grafts to reconstruct damaged tissue, but these have limitations. Engineered matrices confer superior physicochemical properties over biological grafts but lack desirable bioactivity to promote tissue healing. While incorporating drugs can enhance bioactivity, large matrix surface areas and hydrophobicity can lead to uncontrolled burst release and/or incomplete release due to binding. To overcome these limitations, we evaluated the delivery of a peptide growth factor (exendin-4; Ex-4) using an enhanced nanofiber matrix in a tendon injury model. To overcome drug surface binding due to matrix hydrophobicity of poly(caprolactone) (PCL)-which would be expected to enhance cell-material interactions-we blended PCL and cellulose acetate (CA) and electrospun nanofiber matrices with fiber diameters ranging from 600 to 1000 nm. To avoid burst release and protect the drug, we encapsulated Ex-4 in the open lumen of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs), sealed the HNT tube endings with a polymer blend, and mixed Ex-4-loaded HNTs into the polymer mixture before electrospinning. This reduced burst release from ∼75% to ∼40%, but did not alter matrix morphology, fiber diameter, or tensile properties. We evaluated the bioactivity of the Ex-4 nanofiber formulation by culturing human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) on matrix surfaces for 21 days and measuring tenogenic differentiation, compared with nanofiber matrices in basal media alone. Strikingly, we observed that Ex-4 nanofiber matrices accelerated the hMSC proliferation rate and elevated levels of sulfated glycosaminoglycan, tendon-related genes (Scx, Mkx, and Tnmd), and ECM-related genes (Col-I, Col-III, and Dcn), compared to control. We then assessed the safety and efficacy of Ex-4 nanofiber matrices in a full-thickness rat Achilles tendon defect with histology, marker expression, functional walking track analysis, and mechanical testing. Our analysis confirmed that Ex-4 nanofiber matrices enhanced tendon healing and reduced fibrocartilage formation versus nanofiber matrices alone. These findings implicate Ex-4 as a potentially valuable tool for tendon tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sama Abdulmalik
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Jack Gallo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Jonathan Nip
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Sara Katebifar
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Michael Arul
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Amir Lebaschi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Lucas N. Munch
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Jenna M. Bartly
- Department of Immunology, Center on Aging, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Shilpa Choudhary
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Ivo Kalajzic
- Department of Reconstructive Sciences, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | | | - Syam P. Nukavarapu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Sangamesh G. Kumbar
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
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Rieber J, Meier-Bürgisser G, Miescher I, Weber FE, Wolint P, Yao Y, Ongini E, Milionis A, Snedeker JG, Calcagni M, Buschmann J. Bioactive and Elastic Emulsion Electrospun DegraPol Tubes Delivering IGF-1 for Tendon Rupture Repair. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10272. [PMID: 37373418 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Tendon injuries can result in two major drawbacks. Adhesions to the surrounding tissue may limit the range of motion, while fibrovascular scar formation can lead to poor biomechanical outcomes. Prosthetic devices may help to mitigate those problems. Emulsion electrospinning was used to develop a novel three-layer tube based on the polymer DegraPol (DP), with incorporated insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in the middle layer. Scanning electron microscopy was utilized to assess the fiber diameter in IGF-1 containing pure DP meshes. Further characterization was performed with Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry, and water contact angle, as well as through the assessment of mechanical properties and release kinetics from ELISA, and the bioactivity of IGF-1 by qPCR of collagen I, ki67, and tenomodulin in rabbit Achilles tenocytes. The IGF-1-containing tubes exhibited a sustained release of the growth factor up to 4 days and showed bioactivity by significantly upregulated ki67 and tenomodulin gene expression. Moreover, they proved to be mechanically superior to pure DP tubes (significantly higher fracture strain, failure stress, and elastic modulus). The novel three-layer tubes intended to be applied over conventionally sutured tendons after a rupture may help accelerate the healing process. The release of IGF-1 stimulates proliferation and matrix synthesis of cells at the repair site. In addition, adhesion formation to surrounding tissue can be reduced due to the physical barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Rieber
- Division of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Sternwartstrasse 14, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gabriella Meier-Bürgisser
- Division of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Sternwartstrasse 14, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Iris Miescher
- Division of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Sternwartstrasse 14, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Franz E Weber
- Oral Biotechnology & Bioengineering, Center for Dental Medicine, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Petra Wolint
- Division of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Sternwartstrasse 14, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Yang Yao
- Department of Health Sciences & Technology & Department of Materials, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, LFO, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Esteban Ongini
- Orthopaedic Biomechanics, University Clinic Balgrist, Forchstrasse 340, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Athanasios Milionis
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jess G Snedeker
- Orthopaedic Biomechanics, University Clinic Balgrist, Forchstrasse 340, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maurizio Calcagni
- Division of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Sternwartstrasse 14, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Johanna Buschmann
- Division of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Sternwartstrasse 14, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
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Huang L, Chen L, Chen H, Wang M, Jin L, Zhou S, Gao L, Li R, Li Q, Wang H, Zhang C, Wang J. Biomimetic Scaffolds for Tendon Tissue Regeneration. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:246. [PMID: 37366841 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8020246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Tendon tissue connects muscle to bone and plays crucial roles in stress transfer. Tendon injury remains a significant clinical challenge due to its complicated biological structure and poor self-healing capacity. The treatments for tendon injury have advanced significantly with the development of technology, including the use of sophisticated biomaterials, bioactive growth factors, and numerous stem cells. Among these, biomaterials that the mimic extracellular matrix (ECM) of tendon tissue would provide a resembling microenvironment to improve efficacy in tendon repair and regeneration. In this review, we will begin with a description of the constituents and structural features of tendon tissue, followed by a focus on the available biomimetic scaffolds of natural or synthetic origin for tendon tissue engineering. Finally, we will discuss novel strategies and present challenges in tendon regeneration and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lvxing Huang
- School of Savaid Stomatology, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Le Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Hengyi Chen
- School of Savaid Stomatology, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Manju Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Letian Jin
- School of Medical Imaging, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Shenghai Zhou
- School of Medical Imaging, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Lexin Gao
- School of Savaid Stomatology, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Ruwei Li
- School of Savaid Stomatology, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Quan Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Hanchang Wang
- School of Medical Imaging, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Can Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Junjuan Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310000, China
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50
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Zou M, Wang J, Shao Z. Therapeutic Potential of Exosomes in Tendon and Tendon-Bone Healing: A Systematic Review of Preclinical Studies. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:299. [PMID: 37367263 PMCID: PMC10299056 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14060299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes have been proven to play a positive role in tendon and tendon-bone healing. Here, we systematically review the literature to evaluate the efficacy of exosomes in tendon and tendon-bone healing. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, a systematic and comprehensive review of the literature was performed on 21 January 2023. The electronic databases searched included Medline (through PubMed), Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Library and Ovid. In the end, a total of 1794 articles were systematically reviewed. Furthermore, a "snowball" search was also carried out. Finally, forty-six studies were included for analysis, with the total sample size being 1481 rats, 416 mice, 330 rabbits, 48 dogs, and 12 sheep. In these studies, exosomes promoted tendon and tendon-bone healing and displayed improved histological, biomechanical and morphological outcomes. Some studies also suggested the mechanism of exosomes in promoting tendon and tendon-bone healing, mainly through the following aspects: (1) suppressing inflammatory response and regulating macrophage polarization; (2) regulating gene expression, reshaping cell microenvironment and reconstructing extracellular matrix; (3) promoting angiogenesis. The risk of bias in the included studies was low on the whole. This systematic review provides evidence of the positive effect of exosomes on tendon and tendon-bone healing in preclinical studies. The unclear-to-low risk of bias highlights the significance of standardization of outcome reporting. It should be noted that the most suitable source, isolation methods, concentration and administration frequency of exosomes are still unknown. Additionally, few studies have used large animals as subjects. Further studies may be required on comparing the safety and efficacy of different treatment parameters in large animal models, which would be conducive to the design of clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingrui Zou
- Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (M.Z.); (J.W.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Engineering Research Center of Sports Trauma Treatment Technology and Devices, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jingzhou Wang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (M.Z.); (J.W.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Engineering Research Center of Sports Trauma Treatment Technology and Devices, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhenxing Shao
- Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (M.Z.); (J.W.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Engineering Research Center of Sports Trauma Treatment Technology and Devices, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
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