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Videla LA, Valenzuela R, Zúñiga-Hernández J, Del Campo A. Relevant Aspects of Combined Protocols for Prevention of N(M)AFLD and Other Non-Communicable Diseases. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2400062. [PMID: 38506156 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202400062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Obesity is a global health issue characterized by the excessive fat accumulation, leading to an increased risk of chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), including metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), which can progress from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Currently, there are no approved pharmacological protocols for prevention/treatment of MAFLD, and due the complexity lying beneath these mechanisms, monotherapies are unlikely to be efficacious. This review article analyzes the possibility that NCDs can be prevented or attenuated by the combination of bioactive substances, as they could promote higher response rates, maximum reaction results, additive or synergistic effects due to compounds having similar or different mechanisms of action and/or refraining possible side effects, related to the use of lower doses and exposures times than monotherapies. Accordingly, prevention of mouse MAFLD is observed with the combination of the omega-3 docosahexaenoic acid with the antioxidant hydroxytyrosol, whereas attenuation of mild cognitive impairment is attained by folic acid plus cobalamin in elderly patients. The existence of several drawbacks underlying published monotherapies or combined trials, opens space for adequate and stricter experimental and clinical tryouts to achieve meaningful outcomes with human applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis A Videla
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, 8380453, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Valenzuela
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, 8380453, Chile
| | - Jessica Zúñiga-Hernández
- Biomedical Sciences Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Talca, Talca, 3465548, Chile
| | - Andrea Del Campo
- Cellular Physiology and Bioenergetic Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago, 7820436, Chile
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2
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Cheng D, Wang Z, Guo X, Guo Y, Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Liu R, Chang M. Acer truncatum Bunge seed oil ameliorated oxaliplatin-induced demyelination by improving mitochondrial dysfunction via the Pink1/Parkin mitophagy pathway. Food Funct 2024; 15:1355-1368. [PMID: 38205834 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo03955b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Dietary nutritional support for special populations is an effective and feasible method to improve the quality of life of patients and reduce medical pressure. Acer truncatum Bunge seed oil (ATSO) is widely recognized for its ability to promote nerve myelin regeneration. To evaluate the ameliorative effects of ATSO on chemotherapy-induced demyelination, a zebrafish model of chemotherapy-induced demyelination was established. The results showed that 100 μg mL-1 of ATSO reversed tail morphology damage, axon degeneration, touch response delay, ROS level upregulation and the expression of myelin basic protein decrease in chemotherapy-induced zebrafish. In addition, the expression of myelin markers (including sox10, krox20, and pmp22) in oxaliplatin-induced cells was markedly reversed by ATSO and its active components (gondoic acid, erucic acid, and nervonic acid). ATSO and its active components could reverse demyelination by ameliorating mitochondrial dysfunction. Conversely, linoleic acid and linolenic acid promoted demyelination by exacerbating mitochondrial dysfunction. Moreover, the Pink1/Parkin pathway was recognized as the main reason for ATSO and its active components improving mitochondrial function by activating mitophagy and restoring autophagic flow. Taken together, this study demonstrated that ATSO and its active components could be further developed as novel functional food ingredients to antagonize demyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dekun Cheng
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
| | - Zhangtie Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
| | - Xin Guo
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Yiwen Guo
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
| | - Yu Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
| | - Yuanhui Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Ruijie Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
| | - Ming Chang
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
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3
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Jayathilake AG, Luwor RB, Nurgali K, Su XQ. Molecular Mechanisms Associated with the Inhibitory Role of Long Chain n-3 PUFA in Colorectal Cancer. Integr Cancer Ther 2024; 23:15347354241243024. [PMID: 38708673 PMCID: PMC11072084 DOI: 10.1177/15347354241243024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related death in the world. Multiple evidence suggests that there is an association between excess fat consumption and the risk of CRC. The long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n-3 PUFA), especially eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are essential for human health, and both in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that these fatty acids can prevent CRC development through various molecular mechanisms. These include the modulation of arachidonic acid (AA) derived prostaglandin synthesis, alteration of growth signaling pathways, arrest of the cell cycle, induction of cell apoptosis, suppression of angiogenesis and modulation of inflammatory response. Human clinical studies found that LC n-3 PUFA combined with chemotherapeutic agents can improve the efficacy of treatment and reduce the dosage of chemotherapy and associated side effects. In this review, we discuss comprehensively the anti-cancer effects of LC n-3 PUFA on CRC, with a main focus on the underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rodney Brain Luwor
- The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Ballarat, VIC, Australia
| | - Kulmira Nurgali
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Australian Institute for Muscular Skeletal Science (AIMSS), Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Xiao Qun Su
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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4
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Jing J, Zeng H, Shao Q, Tang J, Wang L, Jia G, Liu G, Chen X, Tian G, Cai J, Kang B, Che L, Zhao H. Selenomethionine alleviates environmental heat stress induced hepatic lipid accumulation and glycogen infiltration of broilers via maintaining mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis. Redox Biol 2023; 67:102912. [PMID: 37797371 PMCID: PMC10622879 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
With the increasing of global mean surface air temperature, heat stress (HS) induced by extreme high temperature has become a key factor restricting the poultry industry. Liver is the main metabolic organ of broilers, HS induces liver damage and metabolic disorders, which impairs the health of broilers and affects food safety. As an essential trace element for animals, selenium (Se) involves in the formation of antioxidant system, and its biological functions are generally mediated by selenoproteins. However, the mechanism of Se against HS induced liver damage and metabolic disorders in broilers is inadequate. Therefore, we developed the chronic heat stress (CHS) broiler model and investigated the potential protection mechanism of organic Se (selenomethionine, SeMet) on CHS induced liver damage and metabolic disorders. In present study, CHS caused liver oxidative damage, and induced hepatic lipid accumulation and glycogen infiltration of broilers, which are accompanied by mitochondrial dysfunction, abnormal mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Dietary SeMet supplementation increased the hepatic Se concentration and exhibited protective effects via promoting the expression of selenotranscriptome and several key selenoproteins (GPX4, TXNRD2, SELENOK, SELENOM, SELENOS, SELENOT, GPX1, DIO1, SELENOH, SELENOU and SELENOW). These key selenoproteins synergistically improved the antioxidant capacity, and mitigated the mitochondrial dysfunction, abnormal mitochondrial TCA cycle and ER stress, thus recovered the hepatic triglyceride and glycogen concentration. What's more, SeMet supplementation suppressed lipid and glycogen biosynthesis and promoted lipid and glycogen breakdown in liver of broilers exposed to CHS though regulating the AMPK signals. Overall, our present study reveals a potential mechanism that Se alleviates environment HS induced liver damage and glycogen and lipid metabolism disorders in broilers, which provides a preventive and/or treatment measure for environment HS-dependent hepatic metabolic disorders in poultry industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzhong Jing
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Ministry of Education, of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Huijin Zeng
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Ministry of Education, of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Quanjun Shao
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Ministry of Education, of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiayong Tang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Ministry of Education, of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Longqiong Wang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Ministry of Education, of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Gang Jia
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Ministry of Education, of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Guangmang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Ministry of Education, of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoling Chen
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Ministry of Education, of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Gang Tian
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Ministry of Education, of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Jingyi Cai
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Ministry of Education, of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Bo Kang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Lianqiang Che
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Ministry of Education, of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Hua Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Ministry of Education, of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.
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5
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Beyer MP, Videla LA, Farías C, Valenzuela R. Potential Clinical Applications of Pro-Resolving Lipids Mediators from Docosahexaenoic Acid. Nutrients 2023; 15:3317. [PMID: 37571256 PMCID: PMC10421104 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6n-3, DHA) is the precursor of specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs), such as resolvin, protectin, and maresin families which have been considered therapeutic bioactive compounds for human health. Growing evidence indicates that DHA and SPMs are beneficial strategies in the amelioration, regulation, and duration of inflammatory processes through different biological actions. The present review discusses the reported therapeutic benefits of SPMs on various diseases and their potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Paz Beyer
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile; (M.P.B.); (C.F.)
| | - Luis A. Videla
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 7810000, Chile;
| | - Camila Farías
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile; (M.P.B.); (C.F.)
| | - Rodrigo Valenzuela
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile; (M.P.B.); (C.F.)
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6
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Borgonovi SM, Iametti S, Di Nunzio M. Docosahexaenoic Acid as Master Regulator of Cellular Antioxidant Defenses: A Systematic Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1283. [PMID: 37372014 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is a polyunsaturated fatty acid that benefits the prevention of chronic diseases. Due to its high unsaturation, DHA is vulnerable to free radical oxidation, resulting in several unfavorable effects, including producing hazardous metabolites. However, in vitro and in vivo investigations suggest that the relationship between the chemical structure of DHA and its susceptibility to oxidation may not be as clear-cut as previously thought. Organisms have developed a balanced system of antioxidants to counteract the overproduction of oxidants, and the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is the key transcription factor identified for transmitting the inducer signal to the antioxidant response element. Thus, DHA might preserve the cellular redox status promoting the transcriptional regulation of cellular antioxidants through Nrf2 activation. Here, we systematically summarize the research on the possible role of DHA in controlling cellular antioxidant enzymes. After the screening process, 43 records were selected and included in this review. Specifically, 29 studies related to the effects of DHA in cell cultures and 15 studies concerned the effects of consumption or treatment with DHA in animal. Despite DHA's promising and encouraging effects at modulating the cellular antioxidant response in vitro/in vivo, some differences observed among the reviewed studies may be accounted for by the different experimental conditions adopted, including the time of supplementation/treatment, DHA concentration, and cell culture/tissue model. Moreover, this review offers potential molecular explanations for how DHA controls cellular antioxidant defenses, including involvement of transcription factors and the redox signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Margherita Borgonovi
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Iametti
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Mattia Di Nunzio
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
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7
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Wang X, Cong P, Wang X, Wang Z, Liu B, Xue C, Xu J. Docosahexaenoic acid-acylated astaxanthin monoester ameliorates chronic high-fat diet-induced autophagy dysfunction via ULK1 pathway in the hypothalamus of mice. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:2378-2388. [PMID: 36606564 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary astaxanthin (AST) exhibits the ability to resist lipid accumulation and stimulate hepatic autophagy. Natural AST predominantly exists in stable esterified forms. More importantly, in our previous study, docosahexaenoic acid-acylated AST monoester (AST-DHA) possessed better stability, bioavailability, and neuroprotective ability than AST in free and diester form. However, the AST-DHA mechanisms of action in regulating the obese phenotype and autophagy of the central nervous system remain unclear. RESULTS High-fat diet (HFD)-fed C57BL/6J mice were orally administered AST-DHA (50 mg/kg body weight/d) for 3 days or 8 weeks. AST-DHA supplementation alleviated HFD-induced abnormal body weight gain, significantly enhanced autophagy with an increased microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 II/I (LC3II/I) ratio, and reduced the accumulation of p62/sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1) in the hypothalamus rather than in the hippocampus. Mechanistically, AST-DHA effectively promoted autophagy and autophagosome formation, and most notably rescued the HFD-impaired autophagosome-lysosome fusion (indicated by the colocalization of LC3 and LAMP1) by regulating mTOR- and AMPK-induced phosphorylation of ULK1. Consequently, AST-DHA enhanced hypothalamic autophagy, leading to pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) cleavage to produce alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH). CONCLUSIONS This study identified AST-DHA as an enhancer of autophagy that plays a beneficial role in restoring hypothalamic autophagy, and as a new potential therapeutic agent against HFD-induced obesity. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxu Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Peixu Cong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Xincen Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhigao Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Bin Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Changhu Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Jie Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
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Guo C, Li Q, Chen R, Fan W, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Guo L, Wang X, Qu X, Dong H. Baicalein alleviates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice by ameliorating intestinal barrier dysfunction. Food Funct 2023; 14:2138-2148. [PMID: 36752061 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo03015b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the main cause of chronic liver disease, and its pathological development is closely related to the gut-liver axis. The intestinal barrier, an important component of the gut-liver axis, can prevent gut microbes and endotoxins from entering the liver. Intestinal barrier function is impaired in patients with NAFLD. Baicalein, which is the main flavonoid in Scutellariae Radix, can improve NAFLD. However, whether baicalein alleviates NAFLD by ameliorating intestinal barrier dysfunction remains unclear. In this study, a methionine-choline deficient (MCD) diet-induced NAFLD mouse model is used. The effects of baicalein on lipid accumulation, inflammation and the intestinal barrier in MCD-fed mice were evaluated by detecting blood lipid levels, lipid accumulation, liver pathological changes, inflammatory factors, inflammatory signaling pathways, the three main short-chain fatty acids (acetate, propionate and butyrate), intestinal permeability and intestinal tight junction protein expression. Compared with the MCD-only group, baicalein intake decreased the serum and liver lipid levels. Moreover, the accumulation of lipid droplets and steatosis in the liver were also alleviated; all these results demonstrated that baicalein could alleviate NAFLD. Meanwhile, the levels of inflammatory cytokines decreased in the baicalein group. Further investigation of the mucosal permeability to 4 kDa fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran, concentrations of short-chain fatty acids in feces, and the expression of intestinal zonula occluden 1 and claudin-1 indicated that a baicalein diet could decrease the intestinal permeability caused by a MCD diet. Moreover, the protein levels of p-NF-κB p65 and the ratio of p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65 increased, and IκB-α and PPARα decreased in NAFLD mice, while the administration of baicalein could alleviate these changes. The above results indicated that the mechanism of baicalein in the alleviation of NAFLD lies in the regulation of the intestinal barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Guo
- Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, China. .,Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qingjun Li
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Rihong Chen
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wenhui Fan
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yuqian Zhang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lanping Guo
- Resource Center of Chinese Materia Medica, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Xinyan Qu
- Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Hongjing Dong
- Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, China.
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Ji Y, Xie Q, Meng X, Wang W, Li S, Lang X, Zhao C, Yuan Y, Ye H. Lactobacillus paracasei improves dietary fatty liver by reducing insulin resistance and inflammation in obese mice model. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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10
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Biao Y, Chen J, Liu C, Wang R, Han X, Li L, Zhang Y. Protective Effect of Danshen Zexie Decoction Against Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Through Inhibition of ROS/NLRP3/IL-1β Pathway by Nrf2 Signaling Activation. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:877924. [PMID: 35800450 PMCID: PMC9253674 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.877924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid metabolism disorders are a prominent characteristic in the pathological development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Danshen zexie decoction (DZD) is a Chinese herbal medicine that is based on zexie decoction and has an effect of regulating lipid mechanism. However, the anti-NAFLD effect and mechanism of DZD remain unclear. In this study, we observed the therapeutic effect of DZD on NAFLD rats and investigated its possible mechanisms. Sixty Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned to six groups: control group, model group, Yishanfu (polyene phosphatidylcholine) group, and low, medium and high-dose DZD groups. High-fat diet (HFD) was fed to the rats to establish an NAFLD model, and each treatment group was given corresponding drugs at the same time for eight consecutive weeks. The results revealed that the obvious lipid metabolism disorder and liver injury induced by HFD were alleviated by treatment with DZD, which was verified by decreased serum TC, TG, ALT, AST, liver TC, TG, and FFA, as well as the alleviation of hepatic steatosis. The production of ROS in rats was reduced after treatment with DZD. The SOD activity and GSH content were increased with DZD treatment, while the MDA level was decreased. The administration of DZD could decrease serum IL-1β and IL-18 contents. Moreover, DZD upregulated the expressions of Nrf2, HO-1, GCLC, and GCLM, while it suppressed the expressions of NLRP3, caspase-1, GSDMD, and GSDMD-N. In conclusion, the data showed that DZD can reduce lipid accumulation, alleviate oxidative stress and inflammation, and inhibit pyroptosis in NAFLD rats, which might be ascribed to suppression of the ROS/NLRP3/IL-1β signaling pathway by activation of Nrf2. Overall, these results indicated that DZD is expected to be a therapeutic drug for NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaning Biao
- School of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
- International Joint Research Center on Resource Utilization and Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Higher Education Institute Applied Technology Research Center on TCM Formula Preparation, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jian Chen
- International Joint Research Center on Resource Utilization and Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Higher Education Institute Applied Technology Research Center on TCM Formula Preparation, Shijiazhuang, China
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chenxu Liu
- International Joint Research Center on Resource Utilization and Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Higher Education Institute Applied Technology Research Center on TCM Formula Preparation, Shijiazhuang, China
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ruilong Wang
- Shijiazhuang Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xue Han
- International Joint Research Center on Resource Utilization and Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Higher Education Institute Applied Technology Research Center on TCM Formula Preparation, Shijiazhuang, China
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Li Li
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- *Correspondence: Li Li, ; Yixin Zhang,
| | - Yixin Zhang
- International Joint Research Center on Resource Utilization and Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Higher Education Institute Applied Technology Research Center on TCM Formula Preparation, Shijiazhuang, China
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
- *Correspondence: Li Li, ; Yixin Zhang,
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Jiménez-Sánchez A, Martínez-Ortega AJ, Remón-Ruiz PJ, Piñar-Gutiérrez A, Pereira-Cunill JL, García-Luna PP. Therapeutic Properties and Use of Extra Virgin Olive Oil in Clinical Nutrition: A Narrative Review and Literature Update. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14071440. [PMID: 35406067 PMCID: PMC9003415 DOI: 10.3390/nu14071440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) is a cornerstone of the Mediterranean diet (MedD). In this narrative review, we synthesize and illustrate the various characteristics and clinical applications of EVOO and its components—such as oleic acid, hydroxytyrosol, and oleuropein—in the field of clinical nutrition and dietetics. The evidence is split into diet therapy, oleic acid-based enteral nutrition formulations and oral supplementation formulations, oleic acid-based parenteral nutrition, and nutraceutical supplementation of minor components of EVOO. EVOO has diverse beneficial health properties, and current evidence supports the use of whole EVOO in diet therapy and the supplementation of its minor components to improve cardiovascular health, lipoprotein metabolism, and diabetes mellitus in clinical nutrition. Nevertheless, more intervention studies in humans are needed to chisel specific recommendations for its therapeutic use through different formulations in other specific diseases and clinical populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Jiménez-Sánchez
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Avda. Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013 Seville, Spain; (P.J.R.-R.); (A.P.-G.); (J.L.P.-C.)
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013 Seville, Spain;
- Correspondence: (A.J.-S.); (P.P.G.-L.)
| | - Antonio Jesús Martínez-Ortega
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013 Seville, Spain;
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Torrecárdenas, C. Hermandad de Donantes de Sangre, s/n, 04009 Almería, Spain
| | - Pablo Jesús Remón-Ruiz
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Avda. Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013 Seville, Spain; (P.J.R.-R.); (A.P.-G.); (J.L.P.-C.)
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013 Seville, Spain;
| | - Ana Piñar-Gutiérrez
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Avda. Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013 Seville, Spain; (P.J.R.-R.); (A.P.-G.); (J.L.P.-C.)
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013 Seville, Spain;
| | - José Luis Pereira-Cunill
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Avda. Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013 Seville, Spain; (P.J.R.-R.); (A.P.-G.); (J.L.P.-C.)
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013 Seville, Spain;
| | - Pedro Pablo García-Luna
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Avda. Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013 Seville, Spain; (P.J.R.-R.); (A.P.-G.); (J.L.P.-C.)
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013 Seville, Spain;
- Correspondence: (A.J.-S.); (P.P.G.-L.)
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12
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Videla LA, Valenzuela R. Perspectives in liver redox imbalance: Toxicological and pharmacological aspects underlying iron overloading, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and thyroid hormone action. Biofactors 2022; 48:400-415. [PMID: 34687092 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is an imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants in favor of the oxidants, leading to a disruption of redox signaling and control, and/or molecular damage altering cellular functions. This redox imbalance may trigger different responses depending on the antioxidant potential of a given cell, the level of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) attained and the time of exposure, with protective effects being induced at low ROS/RNS levels in acute or short-term conditions, and harmful effects after high ROS/RNS exposure in prolonged situations. Relevant conditions underlying liver redox imbalance include iron overload associated with ROS production via Fenton chemistry and the magnitude of the iron labile pool achieved, with low iron exposure inducing protective effects related to nuclear factor-κB, signal transducer and activation of transcription 3, and nuclear factor erythroid-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation and upregulation of ferritin, hepcidin, acute-phase response and antioxidant components, whereas high iron exposure causes drastic oxidation of biomolecules, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cell death due to necrosis, apoptosis and/or ferroptosis. Redox imbalance in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is related to polyunsaturated fatty acid depletion, lipogenic factor sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c upregulation, fatty acid oxidation-dependent peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α downregulation, low antioxidant factor Nrf2 and insulin resistance, a phenomenon that is exacerbated in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis triggering an inflammatory response. Thyroid hormone (T3 ) administration determines liver preconditioning against ischemia-reperfusion injury due to the redox activation of several transcription factors, AMP-activated protein kinase, unfolded protein response and autophagy. High grade liver redox imbalance occurring in severe iron overload is adequately handled by iron chelation, however, that underlying NAFLD/NASH is currently under study in several Phase II and Phase III trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis A Videla
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Valenzuela
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
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13
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Zapata J, Gallardo A, Romero C, Valenzuela R, Garcia-Diaz DF, Duarte L, Bustamante A, Gasaly N, Gotteland M, Echeverria F. n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the regulation of adipose tissue browning and thermogenesis in obesity: Potential relationship with gut microbiota. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2022; 177:102388. [PMID: 34995899 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2021.102388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a worldwide public health problem characterized by fat tissue accumulation, favouring adipose tissue and metabolic alterations. Increasing energy expenditure (EE) through brown adipose tissue activation and white adipose tissue (WAT) browning has gained relevance as a therapeutic approach. Different bioactive compounds, such as n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), have been shown to induce those thermogenic effects. This process is regulated by the gut microbiota as well. Nevertheless, obesity is characterized by gut microbiota dysbiosis, which can be restored by weight loss and n-3 PUFA intake, among other factors. Knowledge gap: However, the role of the gut microbiota on the n-3 PUFA effect in inducing thermogenesis in obesity has not been fully elucidated. OBJECTIVE This review aims to elucidate the potential implications of this interrelation on WAT browning adiposw sittue (BAT), BAT activity, and EE regulation in obesity models.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zapata
- Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - A Gallardo
- Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - C Romero
- Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - R Valenzuela
- Departamento de Nutricion, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Nutritional Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto ON, Canada
| | - D F Garcia-Diaz
- Departamento de Nutricion, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - L Duarte
- Departamento de Nutricion, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - A Bustamante
- Departamento de Nutricion, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - N Gasaly
- Departamento de Nutricion, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; ICBM: Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Chile
| | - M Gotteland
- Departamento de Nutricion, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - F Echeverria
- Departamento de Nutricion, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Carrera de Nutricion y Dietetica, Departamento Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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14
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Videla LA, Valenzuela R. Targeting resolvins in cholestatic liver injury. Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr 2021; 10:689-691. [PMID: 34760975 DOI: 10.21037/hbsn-2021-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luis A Videla
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Science, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Valenzuela
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
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15
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Zhao M, Chen C, Yuan Z, Li W, Zhang M, Cui N, Duan Y, Zhang X, Zhang P. Dietary Bacillus subtilis supplementation alleviates alcohol-induced liver injury by maintaining intestinal integrity and gut microbiota homeostasis in mice. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1312. [PMID: 34630666 PMCID: PMC8461600 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a worldwide health problem with limited therapeutic options, which is associated with gut-derived endotoxins, particularly lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and intestinal microbiota dysbiosis. Recently, probiotics, synbiotics and other food additive interventions have been shown to be effective in decreasing or preventing the progression of ALD. Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) and its metabolic products are widely used as food additives to maintain intestinal health, but the protective effects of B. subtilis against alcohol-induced liver injury are poorly understood. In the present study a chronic alcohol-induced liver injury model was constructed based on the Lieber-DeCarli diet and it aimed to determine whether dietary B. subtilis supplementation may alleviate alcohol-induced liver injury. Results revealed that prophylactic B. subtilis supplementation partially restored gut microbiota homeostasis and relieved alcohol-induced intestinal barrier injury, which significantly decreased the translocation of bacterial endotoxins to the blood. In addition, the decreased serum LPS alleviated hepatic inflammation via the toll-like receptor 4 pathway, resulting in improved hepatic structure and function. These results demonstrated that dietary B. subtilis supplementation imparts novel hepatoprotective functions by improving intestinal permeability and homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiqi Zhao
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261031, P.R. China
| | - Chuanai Chen
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
| | - Zhoujie Yuan
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261031, P.R. China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261031, P.R. China
| | - Wenwen Li
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261031, P.R. China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261031, P.R. China
| | - Mohan Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261031, P.R. China
| | - Nailing Cui
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261031, P.R. China
| | - Yitao Duan
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqian Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261031, P.R. China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261031, P.R. China
| | - Peng Zhang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
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Pastor R, Bouzas C, Tur JA. Beneficial effects of dietary supplementation with olive oil, oleic acid, or hydroxytyrosol in metabolic syndrome: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 172:372-385. [PMID: 34153478 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Olive oil and components might have a beneficial effect on Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). The aim of this review and meta-analysis was to assess whether those effects are related to hydroxytyrosol or oleic acid contents, or the combination of them as olive oil, and how powerful is this effect. METHODS A systematic literature search was performed in MEDLINE via Pubmed, Web of Science (WOS) core collection, and Virtual Health Library (VHL) via LILACS and IBECS (Spain). MeSH terms used were "obesity", "body weight", "body mass index", "adipose tissue", "lipid metabolism", "LDL", "HDL", "VLDL", "insulin resistance", "glucose", "insulin", "hypertension", "arterial pressure", "olive oil", "oleic acid", and other (non-MeSH) terms: "total antioxidant capacity", "total antioxidant status", "hydroxytyrosol" (PROSPERO ID: CRD42021247614). Results of the included studies were meta-analyzed with the RevMan 5.3 program, assuming a random effects model. RESULTS 76 articles (67 different trials) were identified. Hydroxytyrosol had no effect on MetS [combined standardized mean differences (SMD) = 0.01 (CI 95%: [-0.23, 0.25], I2 = 83%; p = 0.920)]. Oleic acid had no significant beneficial effect on MetS [SMD = 0.03 (CI 95%: [-0.01, 0.07], I2 = 0%); p = 0.150], but it improved lipid profile [SMD = 0.06 (CI 95%: [-0.00, 0.12], I2 = 0%); p = 0. 050]. Olive oil had no effect on MetS [SMD = -0.01 (CI 95%: [-0.05, 0.03]), I2 = 55%; p = 0.550)]. The supplementation with hydroxytyrosol, oleic acid or olive oil showed a beneficial effect on antioxidant capacity related to components of MetS [SMD = 0.31 (CI 95%: [-0.34, 0.95], I2 = 81%)]; p = 0.35). CONCLUSION Most articles compared olive oil and oleic acid with other strategies specially designed for MetS management. Our findings suggest that olive oil or oleic acid consumption are as good as the other strategies to manage MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Pastor
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS & IDISBA, E-07122, Palma de Mallorca, Spain; Faculty of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Avila, 05005, Avila, Spain.
| | - Cristina Bouzas
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS & IDISBA, E-07122, Palma de Mallorca, Spain; Faculty of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Avila, 05005, Avila, Spain; CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Josep A Tur
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS & IDISBA, E-07122, Palma de Mallorca, Spain; CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
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Illesca P, Valenzuela R, Espinosa A, Echeverría F, Soto-Alarcón S, Ortiz M, Campos C, Vargas R, Videla LA. The metabolic dysfunction of white adipose tissue induced in mice by a high-fat diet is abrogated by co-administration of docosahexaenoic acid and hydroxytyrosol. Food Funct 2021; 11:9086-9102. [PMID: 33026007 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01790f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nutritional interventions are promising tools for the prevention of obesity. The n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 LCPUFA) docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) modulates immune and metabolic responses while the antioxidant hydroxytyrosol (HT) prevents oxidative stress (OS) in white adipose tissue (WAT). OBJECTIVE The DHA plus HT combined protocol prevents WAT alterations induced by a high-fat diet in mice. Main related mechanisms. METHODS Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a control diet (CD; 10% fat, 20% protein, and 70% carbohydrates) or a high fat diet (HFD) (60% fat, 20% protein, and 20% carbohydrates) for 12 weeks, without and with supplementation of DHA (50 mg kg-1 day-1), HT (5 mg kg-1 day-1) or both. Measurements of WAT metabolism include morphological parameters, DHA content in phospholipids (gas chromatography), lipogenesis, OS and inflammation markers, mitochondrial activity and gene expression of transcription factors SREBP-1c, PPAR-γ, NF-κB (p65) and Nrf2 (quantitative polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). RESULTS The combined DHA and HT intervention attenuated obesity development, suppressing the HFD-induced inflammatory and lipogenic signals, increasing antioxidant defenses, and maintaining the phospholipid LCPUFA n-3 content and mitochondrial function in WAT. At the systemic level, the combined intervention also improved the regulation of glucose and adipokine homeostasis. CONCLUSION The combined DHA and HT protocol appears to be an important nutritional strategy for the treatment of metabolic diseases, with abrogation of obesity-driven metabolic inflammation and recovery of a small-healthy adipocyte phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Illesca
- Laboratory of Studies of Metabolic Diseases Related to Nutrition, Faculty of Biochemistry, University of Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Rodrigo Valenzuela
- Nutrition Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Alejandra Espinosa
- Medical Technology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisca Echeverría
- Nutrition Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Sandra Soto-Alarcón
- Nutrition Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Macarena Ortiz
- Nutrition Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Cristian Campos
- Medical Technology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Romina Vargas
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luis A Videla
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
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18
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Jiang T, Li P, Zhao J, Dai L, Sun D, Liu M, An L, Jia L, Jing X, Wang H, Wu S, Wang Y, Cheng Z. Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids improve airway pathological features and gut microbial imbalances in BALB/c mice with ovalbumin-induced asthma. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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19
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Grujić-Milanović JD, Miloradović ZZ, Mihailović-Stanojević ND, Banjac VV, Vidosavljević S, Ivanov MS, Karanović DJ, Vajić UJV, Jovović DM. Excesive consumption of unsaturated fatty acids leads to oxidative and inflammatory instability in Wistar rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 139:111691. [PMID: 34243613 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Lifestyle modifications such as increase in high-fat food consumption importantly increases the risks for cardiovascular disease. The principal objective of this study is to analyze effects of different high fat diet (HFD) sources on haemodynamic parameters, lipid and oxidative profile, myeloperoxidase activity, and markers of inflammation (IL-6/pentraxin-3). HFD containing 20% of fat, provided by lard (saturated) or soybean oil (unsaturated), as well as control diet were administering to three groups (L, SO and C). Food efficiency ratio and plasma lipids were significantly elevated in both HFD groups. However, only SO group showed an increase in systolic arterial pressure, oxidative stress index, myeloperoxidase activity, liver lipids as well as markers of inflammation: IL-6 and pentraxin-3 (PTX3). In summary, these results indicate inflammogenic potential of excessive soybean oil consumption in triggering liver damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelica D Grujić-Milanović
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, Department for Cardiovascular Research, Laboratory for Experimental Hypertension, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Zoran Z Miloradović
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, Department for Cardiovascular Research, Laboratory for Experimental Hypertension, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nevena D Mihailović-Stanojević
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, Department for Cardiovascular Research, Laboratory for Experimental Hypertension, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vojislav V Banjac
- University of Novi Sad, Institute of Food Technology, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | | | - Milan S Ivanov
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, Department for Cardiovascular Research, Laboratory for Experimental Hypertension, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danijela J Karanović
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, Department for Cardiovascular Research, Laboratory for Experimental Hypertension, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Una-Jovana V Vajić
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, Department for Cardiovascular Research, Laboratory for Experimental Hypertension, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Djurdjica M Jovović
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, Department for Cardiovascular Research, Laboratory for Experimental Hypertension, Belgrade, Serbia
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Cugno C, Kizhakayil D, Calzone R, Rahman SM, Halade GV, Rahman MM. Omega-3 fatty acid-rich fish oil supplementation prevents rosiglitazone-induced osteopenia in aging C57BL/6 mice and in vitro studies. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10364. [PMID: 33990655 PMCID: PMC8121944 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89827-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Rosiglitazone is an effective insulin-sensitizer, however associated with bone loss mainly due to increased bone resorption and bone marrow adiposity. We investigated the effect of the co-administration of fish oil rich in omega-3 fatty acids (FAs) on rosiglitazone-induced bone loss in C57BL/6 mice and the mechanisms underlying potential preventive effect. Mice fed the iso-caloric diet supplemented with fish oil exhibited significantly higher levels of bone density in different regions compared to the other groups. In the same cohort of mice, reduced activity of COX-2, enhanced activity of alkaline phosphatase, lower levels of cathepsin k, PPAR-γ, and pro-inflammatory cytokines, and a higher level of anti-inflammatory cytokines were observed. Moreover, fish oil restored rosiglitazone-induced down-regulation of osteoblast differentiation and up-regulation of adipocyte differentiation in C3H10T1/2 cells and inhibited the up-regulation of osteoclast differentiation of RANKL-treated RAW264.7 cells. We finally tested our hypothesis on human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells differentiated to osteocytes and adipocytes confirming the beneficial effect of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) omega-3 FA during treatment with rosiglitazone, through the down-regulation of adipogenic genes, such as adipsin and FABP4 along the PPARγ/FABP4 axis, and reducing the capability of osteocytes to switch toward adipogenesis. Fish oil may prevent rosiglitazone-induced bone loss by inhibiting inflammation, osteoclastogenesis, and adipogenesis and by enhancing osteogenesis in the bone microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Cugno
- Advanced Cell Therapy Core, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Rita Calzone
- Advanced Cell Therapy Core, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shaikh Mizanoor Rahman
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Ganesh V Halade
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, The University of South Florida Health, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Md M Rahman
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
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21
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Wang J, Zhang W, Li M, Li X. The new coumarin compound Bis 3 ameliorates cognitive disorder and suppresses brain-intestine-liver systematic oxidative stress in high-fat diet mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 137:111293. [PMID: 33485120 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
High-fat diet (HFD)-induced systemic oxidative damage is critical to the pathological process of obesity and is associated with energy metabolism and cognitive disorders. In our previous research, the coumarin derivative Bis 3 was shown to improve neurological disorders as a potent free radical scavenger. In this study, a 12-week high-fat diet model was established, and mice were randomly divided into 3 groups: standard diet, high-fat diet, and high-fat diet with Bis 3 treatment. Our results demonstrated that Bis 3 attenuated body weight gain and inhibited the development of insulin resistance in high-fat diet-fed mice. Bis 3 protected against high fat-induced intestinal barrier integrity damage and lipid content disorder. HFD-induced hepatocyte lipid metabolism disorder and hepatocyte damage were also alleviated by Bis 3. Moreover, the results of cognitive tests indicated that Bis 3 attenuated high fat-induced cerebral dysfunction, such as cognitive disorders. Importantly, Bis 3 simultaneously ameliorated oxidative stress in the digestive and central nervous systems. These findings suggest that Bis 3 protects against systematic oxidative stress in HFD-induced obese mice, balancing insulin resistance, lipid metabolic disorders, and cognitive disorders through its antioxidative effects, indicating that Bis 3, a novel free radical scavenger, might represent a new therapeutic strategy for high fat-induced chronic systemic redox imbalance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wentong Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mingkai Li
- Department of Pharmacology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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Zhang H, Song C, Yan R, Cai H, Zhou Y, Ke X. High-fat diet accelerate hepatic fatty acids synthesis in offspring male rats induced by perinatal exposure to nonylphenol. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2021; 22:22. [PMID: 33906686 PMCID: PMC8077693 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-021-00492-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low dose of NP exposure can alter adipose tissue formation, and the intake of high-fat diet (HFD) can also lead to the fatty liver disease. We investigated the combined effect of NP and HFD on the first offspring of rats, and whether this effect can be passed to the next generation and the possible mechanisms involved. METHODS Pregnant rats had access to be treated with 5 μg/kg/day NP and normal diet. The first generation rats were given normal diet and HFD on postnatal day 21, respectively. Then the second generation rats started to only receive normal diet without NP or HFD. Body weight, organ coefficient of liver tissues, lipid profile, biochemical indexes and the expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism, as well as liver histopathology were investigated in male offspring of rats. RESULTS NP and HFD interaction had significant effect on the birth weight, body weight and liver tissue organ coefficient of first generation male rats. And HFD aggravated abnormal lipid metabolism, even abnormal liver function and liver histopathological damage of first generation male rats produced by the NP. And this effect can be passed on to the second generation rats. HFD also accelerated the mRNA level of fatty acid synthesis genes such as Lpl, Fas, Srebp-1 and Ppar-γ of first generation rats induced by perinatal exposure to NP, even passed on to the second generation of male rats. NP and HFD resulted in synergistical decrease of the protein expression level of ERα in liver tissue in F2 male rats. CONCLUSION HFD and NP synergistically accelerated synthesis of fatty acids in liver of male offspring rats through reducing the expression of ERα, which induced abnormal lipid metabolism, abnormal liver function and hepatic steatosis. Moreover, all of these damage passed on to the next generation rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Zhang
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chengguang Song
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Rong Yan
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongbo Cai
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyu Ke
- Department of Emergency, Tongji Hosptial of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Nayan SI, Chowdhury FI, Akter N, Rahman MM, Selim S, Saffoon N, Khan F, Subhan N, Hossain M, Ahmed KS, Hossain H, Haque MA, Alam MA. Leaf powder supplementation of Senna alexandrina ameliorates oxidative stress, inflammation, and hepatic steatosis in high-fat diet-fed obese rats. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0250261. [PMID: 33878116 PMCID: PMC8057619 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is an enduring medical issue that has raised concerns around the world. Natural plant extracts have shown therapeutic potential in preventing oxidative stress and inflammation related to obesity complications. In this study, Senna alexandrina Mill. leaves were utilized to treat high-fat diet-related metabolic disorders and non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases. Plasma biochemical assays were conducted to determine the lipid profiles and oxidative stress parameters, and the gene expression of antioxidant enzymes and inflammatory mediators was measured. Histological stained livers of high-fat diet-fed rats were observed. S. alexandrina leaf powder supplementation prevented the increase in cholesterol and triglyceride levels in high-fat diet-fed rats. Moreover, S. alexandrina leaves also reduced lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide production in these rats. Prevention of oxidative stress by S. alexandrina leaf supplementation in high-fat diet-fed rats is regulated by enhancing the antioxidant enzyme activity, followed by the restoration of corresponding gene expressions, such as NRF-2, HO-1, SOD, and CAT. Histological staining provides further evidence that S. alexandrina leaf supplementation prevents inflammatory cell infiltration, lipid droplet deposition, and fibrosis in the liver of high-fat diet-fed rats. Furthermore, this investigation revealed that S. alexandrina leaf supplementation controlled non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by modulating the expression of fat metabolizing enzymes in high-fat diet-fed rats. Therefore, S. alexandrina leaf supplementation inhibits fatty liver inflammation and fibrosis, suggesting its usefulness in treating non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Thus, this natural leaf extract has potential in treatment of obesity related liver dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shariful Islam Nayan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Noushin Akter
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mizanur Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Saima Selim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Nadia Saffoon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ferdous Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Nusrat Subhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Maqsud Hossain
- NSU Genome Research Institute (NGRI), North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - K. Shahin Ahmed
- BCSIR Laboratories, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Hemayet Hossain
- BCSIR Laboratories, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Areeful Haque
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
- * E-mail: , (MAA); , (MAH)
| | - Md Ashraful Alam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- * E-mail: , (MAA); , (MAH)
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Ansari MA, Raish M, Bin Jardan YA, Ahmad A, Shahid M, Ahmad SF, Haq N, Khan MR, Bakheet SA. Sinapic acid ameliorates D-galactosamine/lipopolysaccharide-induced fulminant hepatitis in rats: Role of nuclear factor erythroid-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1 pathways. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:592-608. [PMID: 33642831 PMCID: PMC7901048 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i7.592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sinapic acid (SA) has been shown to have various pharmacological properties such as antioxidant, antifibrotic, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities. Its mechanism of action is dependent upon its ability to curb free radical production and protect against oxidative stress-induced tissue injuries. AIM To study the hepatoprotective effects of SA against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/D-galactosamine (D-GalN)-induced acute liver failure (ALF) in rats. METHODS Experimental ALF was induced with an intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of 8 μg LPS and 800 mg/kg D-GalN in normal saline. SA was administered orally once daily starting 7 d before LPS/D-GalN treatment. RESULTS Data showed that SA ameliorates acute liver dysfunction, decreases serum levels of alanine transaminase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) and NO levels in ALF model rats. However, pretreatment with SA (20 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg) reduced nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) activation and levels of inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin 6). Also, SA increased the activity of the nuclear factor erythroid-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1 (Nrf2/HO-1) signaling pathway. CONCLUSION In conclusion, SA offers significant protection against LPS/D-GalN-induced ALF in rats by upregulating Nrf2/HO-1 and downregulating NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mushtaq Ahmad Ansari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Raish
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yousef A Bin Jardan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ajaz Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mudassar Shahid
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sheikh Fayaz Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nazrul Haq
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Rashid Khan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A Bakheet
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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25
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Sunhre L, Kar A, Panda S. Agnucastoside C, isolated from Moringa oleifera ameliorates thyrotoxicosis and liver abnormalities in female mice. CLINICAL PHYTOSCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s40816-020-00165-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
In the present investigation an attempt was made to evaluate the potential of agnucastoside C (ACC), isolated from the leaves of Moringa oleifera in ameliorating thyrotoxicosis, hepatic lipid peroxidation (LPO) and hyperglycemia in female mice.
Methods
L-thyroxine (L-T4) at 0.5 mg/kg/d was administered through intra-peritoneal route for 15 consecutive days to induce thyrotoxicosis and then the effects of three different doses (10, 20 and 30 mg/kg body weight) of the isolated ACC for 21 days were investigated on the changes in serum thyroid hormones, insulin, glucose, different lipids; hepatic lipid peroxidation, enzymatic antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase, advanced oxidation protein products, reduced glutathione and in lipid peroxides.
Results
Following the administration of L-T4, serum T3, T4, insulin, glucose levels and the tissue LPO were increased with a decrease in serum thyroid stimulating hormone and antioxidative enzymes. However, administration of the test compound to hyperthyroid animals significantly decreased the levels of thyroid hormones, glucose and lipid peroxidation and normalized the concentration of insulin and tissue antioxidants, suggesting its antithyroid, antihyperglycemic and antiperoxidative potential. The T4-induced adverse effects on liver histology were also abolished. These findings suggest the possible use of the test compound in ameliorating thyrotoxicosis.
Conclusion
ACC exhibited antithyroidic, antihypoglycemic, antioxidative and insulin normalizing activities.
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Parackova Z, Zentsova I, Bloomfield M, Vrabcova P, Smetanova J, Klocperk A, Mesežnikov G, Casas Mendez LF, Vymazal T, Sediva A. Disharmonic Inflammatory Signatures in COVID-19: Augmented Neutrophils' but Impaired Monocytes' and Dendritic Cells' Responsiveness. Cells 2020; 9:E2206. [PMID: 33003471 PMCID: PMC7600406 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus, emerged as a pandemic disease posing a severe threat to global health. To date, sporadic studies have demonstrated that innate immune mechanisms, specifically neutrophilia, NETosis, and neutrophil-associated cytokine responses, are involved in COVID-19 pathogenesis; however, our understanding of the exact nature of this aspect of host-pathogen interaction is limited. Here, we present a detailed dissection of the features and functional profiles of neutrophils, dendritic cells, and monocytes in COVID-19. We portray the crucial role of neutrophils as drivers of hyperinflammation associated with COVID-19 disease via the shift towards their immature forms, enhanced degranulation, cytokine production, and augmented interferon responses. We demonstrate the impaired functionality of COVID-19 dendritic cells and monocytes, particularly their low expression of maturation markers, increased PD-L1 levels, and their inability to upregulate phenotype upon stimulation. In summary, our work highlights important data that prompt further research, as therapeutic targeting of neutrophils and their associated products may hold the potential to reduce the severity of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Parackova
- Department of Immunology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and University Hospital in Motol, 15006 Prague, Czech Republic; (I.Z.); (M.B.); (P.V.); (J.S.); (A.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Irena Zentsova
- Department of Immunology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and University Hospital in Motol, 15006 Prague, Czech Republic; (I.Z.); (M.B.); (P.V.); (J.S.); (A.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Marketa Bloomfield
- Department of Immunology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and University Hospital in Motol, 15006 Prague, Czech Republic; (I.Z.); (M.B.); (P.V.); (J.S.); (A.K.); (A.S.)
- Department of Pediatrics, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and Thomayer’s Hospital, 15006 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Vrabcova
- Department of Immunology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and University Hospital in Motol, 15006 Prague, Czech Republic; (I.Z.); (M.B.); (P.V.); (J.S.); (A.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Jitka Smetanova
- Department of Immunology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and University Hospital in Motol, 15006 Prague, Czech Republic; (I.Z.); (M.B.); (P.V.); (J.S.); (A.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Adam Klocperk
- Department of Immunology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and University Hospital in Motol, 15006 Prague, Czech Republic; (I.Z.); (M.B.); (P.V.); (J.S.); (A.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Grigorij Mesežnikov
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital in Motol, 15006 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Luis Fernando Casas Mendez
- Department of Pneumology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and University Hospital in Motol, 15006 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Tomas Vymazal
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and University Hospital in Motol, 15006 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Anna Sediva
- Department of Immunology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and University Hospital in Motol, 15006 Prague, Czech Republic; (I.Z.); (M.B.); (P.V.); (J.S.); (A.K.); (A.S.)
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27
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Sea Buckthorn and Rosehip Oils with Chokeberry Extract to Prevent Hypercholesterolemia in Mice Caused by a High-Fat Diet In Vivo. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12102941. [PMID: 32992796 PMCID: PMC7600764 DOI: 10.3390/nu12102941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary supplementation based on sea buckthorn and rosehip oils with added chokeberry extract was studied. We added the dietary supplement to the feed mixtures for laboratory animals. The possible toxicological effects and hypocholesterolemic, hepatoprotective activity of the dietary supplement in vivo were studied. After the observation period (6 weeks), no significant changes were found in the mass of organs and blood serum of laboratory animals (p > 0.05). However, there was a decrease in hypercholesterolemic indicators. Regular consumption of sea buckthorn and rosehip oils with added chokeberry extract (dietary supplement “ESB-1”) by laboratory animals inhibited the activity of liver enzymes and increased the antioxidant activity of blood serum (after the subcutaneous injection of sunflower oil/oil solution of carbon tetrachloride) but was not sufficient to bring them to physiological standards. The hypocholesterolemic and antioxidant properties of our dietary supplement already allow us to consider it a component of functional food products or a dietary supplement base. However, the full range of its biologically active properties, including the hepatoprotective function and regulation of metabolic disorders, has not been studied yet, which sets the direction of further research in vivo models and clinical practice to confirm its effectiveness in humans.
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Zhang J, Yang P, Wang H, Huang Q, Chen T, Li N, Zhang H, Liu Z. N-3 PUFAs inhibited hepatic ER stress induced by feeding of a high-saturated fat diet accompanied by the expression LOX-1. J Nutr Biochem 2020; 88:108481. [PMID: 32853678 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2020.108481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Excessive consumption of saturated fat leads to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is attenuated by supplementation of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is crucial in the development of NAFLD, but how high-saturated fat diet (HFD) causes ER stress and NAFLD remains unclear. Lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1) is involved in hepatic ER stress. We aimed to explore the roles of LOX-1 in HFD-induced ER stress. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed an HFD without or with supplementation of fish oil for 16 weeks. The effects of n-3 PUFAs on hepatic ER stress degrees and the expression levels of LOX-1 were examined. Then human L02 hepatoma cells were treated with palmitate or palmitate and DHA to determine the ER stress and LOX-1 expression levels in vitro. After that the expression of LOX-1 in L02 cells was either knocked-down or overexpressed to analyze the roles of LOX-1 in palmitate-induced ER stress. The feeding of HFD induced NAFLD development and ER stress in the liver, and LOX-1 expressing level, which were all reversed by fish oil supplementation. In vitro, DHA treatment reduced the expression of LOX-1, and palmitate-induced ER stress. SiRNA-mediated knock-down of LOX-1 inhibited palmitate-induced ER stress, whereas overexpression of LOX-1 dramatically induced ER stress in L02 cells.LOX-1 is critical for HFD-induced ER stress, and inhibition of its expression under the treatment of n-3 PUFAs could ameliorate HFD-induced NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junlin Zhang
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center of Healthy Food, School of Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Pu Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Hualin Wang
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center of Healthy Food, School of Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Qiang Huang
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center of Healthy Food, School of Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center of Healthy Food, School of Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Na Li
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center of Healthy Food, School of Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center of Healthy Food, School of Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Zhiguo Liu
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center of Healthy Food, School of Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
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Ortiz M, Soto-Alarcón SA, Orellana P, Espinosa A, Campos C, López-Arana S, Rincón MA, Illesca P, Valenzuela R, Videla LA. Suppression of high-fat diet-induced obesity-associated liver mitochondrial dysfunction by docosahexaenoic acid and hydroxytyrosol co-administration. Dig Liver Dis 2020; 52:895-904. [PMID: 32620521 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2020.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Obesity-induced by high-fat diet (HFD) is associated with liver steatosis, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, which can be eluded by the co-administration of the lipid metabolism modulator docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and the antioxidant hydroxytyrosol (HT). METHODS C57BL/6J mice fed a HFD were orally administered either with vehicle, DHA, HT or DHA+HT for 12 weeks. We measured parameters related to insulin resistance, serum lipid levels, liver fatty acid (FA) content and steatosis score, concomitantly with those associated with mitochondrial energy functions modulated by the transcriptional coactivator PGC-1a. RESULTS HFD induced insulin resistance, liver steatosis with n-3 FA depletion, and loss of mitochondrial respiratory functions with diminished NAD+/NADH ratio and ATP levels compared with CD, with the parallel decrease in the expression of the components of the PGC-1α cascade, namely, PPAR-α, FGF21 and AMPK, effects that were not observed in mice subjected to DHA and HT co-administration. CONCLUSIONS Data presented indicate that the combination of DHA and HT prevents the development of liver steatosis and the associated mitochondrial dysfunction induced by HFD, thus strengthening the significance of this protocol as a therapeutic strategy avoiding disease evolution into more irreversible forms characterised by the absence of adequate pharmacological therapy in human obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Macarena Ortiz
- Nutrition and Dietetics School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Maule, Curico, Chile
| | - Sandra A Soto-Alarcón
- Nutrition Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Independencia 1027, Casilla 70000, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paula Orellana
- Nutrition Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Independencia 1027, Casilla 70000, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alejandra Espinosa
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristian Campos
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sandra López-Arana
- Nutrition Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Independencia 1027, Casilla 70000, Santiago, Chile
| | - Miguel A Rincón
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paola Illesca
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Biochemistry, University of Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Rodrigo Valenzuela
- Nutrition Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Independencia 1027, Casilla 70000, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Luis A Videla
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
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EPA/DHA Concentrate by Urea Complexation Decreases Hyperinsulinemia and Increases Plin5 in the Liver of Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25143289. [PMID: 32698439 PMCID: PMC7397222 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25143289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary intake of eicosapentaenoic/docosahexaenoic acid (EPA/DHA) reduces insulin resistance and hepatic manifestations through the regulation of metabolism in the liver. Obese mice present insulin resistance and lipid accumulation in intracellular lipid droplets (LDs). LD-associated proteins perilipin (Plin) have an essential role in both adipogenesis and lipolysis; Plin5 regulates lipolysis and thus contributes to fat oxidation. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of deodorized refined salmon oil (DSO) and its polyunsaturated fatty acids concentrate (CPUFA) containing EPA and DHA, obtained by complexing with urea, on obesity-induced metabolic alteration. CPUFA maximum content was determined using the Box-Behnken experimental design based on Surface Response Methodology. The optimized CPUFA was administered to high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice (200 mg/kg/day of EPA + DHA) for 8 weeks. No significant differences (p > 0.05) in cholesterol, glycemia, LDs or transaminase content were found. Fasting insulin and hepatic Plin5 protein level increased in the group supplemented with the EPA + DHA optimized product (38.35 g/100 g total fatty acids) compared to obese mice without fish oil supplementation. The results suggest that processing salmon oil by urea concentration can generate an EPA+DHA dose useful to prevent the increase of fasting insulin and the decrease of Plin5 in the liver of insulin-resistant mice.
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31
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Maly IV, Hofmann WA. Effect of Palmitic Acid on Exosome-Mediated Secretion and Invasive Motility in Prostate Cancer Cells. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25122722. [PMID: 32545453 PMCID: PMC7355791 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25122722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
High fat consumption can enhance metastasis and decrease survival in prostate cancer, but the picture remains incomplete on the epidemiological and cell-biological level, impeding progress toward individualized recommendations in the clinic. Recent work has highlighted the role of exosomes secreted by prostate cancer cells in the progression of the disease, particularly in metastatic invasion, and also the utility of targeting these extracellular vesicles for diagnostics, as carriers of disease progression markers. Here, we investigated the question of a potential impact of the chief nutritional saturated fatty acid on the exosome secretion. Palmitic acid decreased the secretion of exosomes in human prostate cancer cells in vitro in a concentration-dependent manner. At the same time, the content of some prospective metastatic markers in the secreted exosomal fraction was also reduced, as was the ability of the cells to invade across extracellular matrix barriers. While by themselves our in vitro results imply that on the cell level, palmitic acid may be beneficial vis-à-vis the course of the disease, they also suggest that, by virtue of the decreased biomarker secretion, palmitic acid has the potential to cause unjustified deprioritization of treatment in obese and lipidemic men.
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nimrouzi M, Abolghasemi J, Sharifi MH, Nasiri K, Akbari A. Thyme oxymel by improving of inflammation, oxidative stress, dyslipidemia and homeostasis of some trace elements ameliorates obesity induced by high-fructose/fat diet in male rat. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 126:110079. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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Mogroside V Protects against Hepatic Steatosis in Mice on a High-Fat Diet and LO2 Cells Treated with Free Fatty Acids via AMPK Activation. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:7826874. [PMID: 32419825 PMCID: PMC7210551 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7826874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies presented various beneficial effects of mogrosides extract from Siraitia grosvenorii, which has been included in the list of Medicine Food Homology Species in China. Mogroside V (MV) is one of the main ingredients in mogrosides extract; however, whether and how MV improves impaired lipid metabolism in the liver remains to be elucidated. Herein, we investigated the therapeutic effects of mogroside V upon hepatic steatosis in vivo and in vitro and explored the underlying mechanisms. The results showed that MV significantly ameliorated hepatic steatosis in high-fat diet- (HFD-) fed mice. Furthermore, the increased protein expression of PPAR-γ, SREBP-1, and FASN and mRNA expression of pparg, srebp1, scd1, and fasn in the liver in HFD-fed mice, which contribute to de novo lipogenesis, were dose-dependently reversed by MV treatment. Meanwhile, MV counteracted the suppressed expression of PPAR-α and CPT-1A and mRNA expression of atgl, hsl, ppara, and cpt1a, thus increasing lipolysis and fatty acid oxidation. In addition, in free fatty acids- (FFAs-) incubated LO2 cells MV downregulated de novo lipogenesis and upregulated lipolysis and fatty acid oxidation, thereby attenuating lipid accumulation, which was significantly abrogated by treatment with Compound C, an inhibitor of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Taken together, these results suggested that MV exerted a pronounced effect upon improving hepatic steatosis through regulating the disequilibrium of lipid metabolism in the liver via an AMPK-dependent pathway, providing a potential lead compound candidate for preventing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
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Cheng Y, Wu T, Tang S, Liang F, Fang Y, Cao W, Pan S, Xu X. Fermented blueberry pomace ameliorates intestinal barrier function through the NF-κB-MLCK signaling pathway in high-fat diet mice. Food Funct 2020; 11:3167-3179. [PMID: 32208477 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo02517k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The barrier-improving functions of fermented blueberry pomace (FBP) and its potential mechanism were investigated in this study. Polyphenols and the approximate composition of FBP were evaluated according to the National Standard of the People's Republic of China and the UPLC-MS system. Male C57BL/6 mice were fed a control diet (CD) or a high-fat diet (HFD) with or without FBP supplementation. Oxidative stress, inflammation, histological morphology and the expression of functional proteins in the small intestine of mice were evaluated using the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blotting. The content of protein, fat, soluble dietary fiber, insoluble dietary fiber and carbohydrates (non-dietary fiber) was 114.5 ± 1.5 g kg-1, 5.0 ± 0.2 g kg-1, 48.0 ± 0.1 g kg-1, 360.3 ± 2.2 g kg-1 and 423 g kg-1 (by difference), respectively. Thirty-six polyphenols were identified in FBP. FBP improved the growth of mice and attenuated hepatic and intestinal oxidative stress. Intestinal inflammation was significantly reduced through the decrease of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) as well as an increase of interleukin-10 (IL-10). FBP supplementation significantly improved the intestinal morphology and barrier function, potentially by mediating the NF-κB-MLCK signaling pathway. The supplementation of FBP in HFD mice enhanced the intestinal barrier function. This suggested that polyphenol-rich by-products might provide a similar health effect in HFD individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang CH, Xiao Q, Sheng JQ, Liu TT, Cao YQ, Xue YN, Shi M, Cao Z, Zhou LF, Luo XQ, Deng KZ, Chen C. Gegen Qinlian Decoction abates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis associated liver injuries via anti-oxidative stress and anti-inflammatory response involved inhibition of toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathways. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 126:110076. [PMID: 32169759 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gegen Qilian Decoction (GGQLD) is a well-established classic Chinese medicine prescription in treating nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). However, the molecular mechanism of GGQLD action on NASH is still not clear. This study aimed to assess the anti-NASH effect of GGQLD, and to explore its molecular mechanisms in vivo and in vitro. In HFD-fed rats, GGQLD decreased significantly serum triglyceride (TG), cholesterol (CHO), total bile acid (TBA), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), free fatty acid (FFA) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels, increased levels of differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) Ahcy, Gpx1, Mat1a, GNMT, and reduced the expression of ALDOB. In RAW264.7 macrophages, GGQLD reduced the expression levels of inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-6 mRNA, and diminished NASH by increasing differentially expressed genes (DEGs) CBS, Mat1a, Hnf4α and Pparα to reduce oxidative stress or lipid metabolism. The results of DEGs verification also showed that GGQLD up-regulated expressions of Hnf4α, Pparα and Cbs genes. In HepG2 cells, GGQLD decreased IL-6 levels and intracellular TG content, and inhibited FFA-induced expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). In summary, GGQLD abates NASH associated liver injuries via anti-oxidative stress and anti-inflammatory response involved inhibition of TLR4 signal pathways. These findings provide new insights into the anti-NASH therapy by GGQLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Hua Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, PR China
| | - Qin Xiao
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, PR China
| | - Jun-Qing Sheng
- College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, PR China.
| | - Tong-Tong Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, PR China
| | - Ying-Qian Cao
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, PR China
| | - Ya-Nan Xue
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, PR China
| | - Min Shi
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, PR China
| | - Zheng Cao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, PR China
| | - Li-Fen Zhou
- Large Precise Instruments Shared Services Center of TCM, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, PR China
| | - Xiao-Quan Luo
- Experimental Animal Science and Technology Center of TCM, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, PR China
| | - Ke-Zhong Deng
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, PR China
| | - Chen Chen
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
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Valenzuela R, Videla LA. Impact of the Co-Administration of N-3 Fatty Acids and Olive Oil Components in Preclinical Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Models: A Mechanistic View. Nutrients 2020; 12:E499. [PMID: 32075238 PMCID: PMC7071322 DOI: 10.3390/nu12020499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is present in approximately 25% of the population worldwide. It is characterized by the accumulation of triacylglycerol in the liver, which can progress to steatohepatitis with different degrees of fibrosis, stages that lack approved pharmacological therapies and represent an indication for liver transplantation with consistently increasing frequency. In view that hepatic steatosis is a reversible condition, effective strategies preventing disease progression were addressed using combinations of natural products in the preclinical high-fat diet (HFD) protocol (60% of fat for 12 weeks). Among them, eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5n-3, EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (C22:5n-3, DHA), DHA and extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), or EPA plus hydroxytyrosol (HT) attained 66% to 83% diminution in HFD-induced steatosis, with the concomitant inhibition of the proinflammatory state associated with steatosis. These supplementations trigger different molecular mechanisms that modify antioxidant, antisteatotic, and anti-inflammatory responses, and in the case of DHA and HT co-administration, prevent NAFLD. It is concluded that future studies in NAFLD patients using combined supplementations such as DHA plus HT are warranted to prevent liver steatosis, thus avoiding its progression into more unmanageable stages of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Valenzuela
- Nutrition Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile
- Nutritional Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M2J4A6, Canada
| | - Luis A. Videla
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile;
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Chinese Herbal Medicine Formula Shenling Baizhu San Ameliorates High-Fat Diet-Induced NAFLD in Rats by Modulating Hepatic MicroRNA Expression Profiles. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2019:8479680. [PMID: 31915454 PMCID: PMC6935448 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8479680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Objective The purpose of present study was to investigate the potential mechanism underlying the protective effect of Shenling Baizhu San (SLBZS) on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) by microRNA (miRNA) sequencing. Methods Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into a normal control (NC) group, a high-fat diet (HFD) group, and an SLBZS group. After 12 weeks, the biochemical parameters and liver histologies of the rats were assessed. The Illumina HiSeq 2500 sequencing platform was used to analyse the hepatic miRNA expression profiles. Representative differentially expressed miRNAs were further validated by qRT-PCR. The functions of the differentially expressed miRNAs were analysed by bioinformatics. Results Our results identified 102 miRNAs that were differentially expressed in the HFD group compared with the NC group. Among those differentially expressed miRNAs, the expression levels of 28 miRNAs were reversed by SLBZS administration, suggesting the modulation effect of SLBZS on hepatic miRNA expression profiles. The qRT-PCR results confirmed that the expression levels of miR-155-5p, miR-146b-5p, miR-132-3p, and miR-34a-5p were consistent with those detected by sequencing. Bioinformatics analyses indicated that the target genes of the differentially expressed miRNAs reversed by SLBZS were mainly related to metabolic pathways. Conclusion This study provides novel insights into the mechanism of SLBZS in protecting against NAFLD; this mechanism may be partly related to the modulation of hepatic miRNA expression and their target pathways.
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Cheng Y, Tang S, Huang Y, Liang F, Fang Y, Pan S, Wu T, Xu X. Lactobacillus casei-fermented blueberry pomace augments sIgA production in high-fat diet mice by improving intestinal microbiota. Food Funct 2020; 11:6552-6564. [DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01119c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA)-improving function of Lactobacillus casei-fermented blueberry pomace (FBP) was investigated in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Ministry of Education)
- College of Food Science and Technology
- Huazhong Agricultural University
- Wuhan 430070
- People's Republic of China
| | - Shuxin Tang
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Ministry of Education)
- College of Food Science and Technology
- Huazhong Agricultural University
- Wuhan 430070
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yuting Huang
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Ministry of Education)
- College of Food Science and Technology
- Huazhong Agricultural University
- Wuhan 430070
- People's Republic of China
| | - Fuqiang Liang
- Nanjing University of Finance and Economics
- Nanjing
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yajing Fang
- Department of Food Science
- University of Copenhagen
- Copenhagen
- Denmark
| | - Siyi Pan
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Ministry of Education)
- College of Food Science and Technology
- Huazhong Agricultural University
- Wuhan 430070
- People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Ministry of Education)
- College of Food Science and Technology
- Huazhong Agricultural University
- Wuhan 430070
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Ministry of Education)
- College of Food Science and Technology
- Huazhong Agricultural University
- Wuhan 430070
- People's Republic of China
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