1
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Zhang Y, Sun C. Current status, challenges and prospects of antifouling materials for oncology applications. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1391293. [PMID: 38779096 PMCID: PMC11109453 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1391293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Targeted therapy has become crucial to modern translational science, offering a remedy to conventional drug delivery challenges. Conventional drug delivery systems encountered challenges related to solubility, prolonged release, and inadequate drug penetration at the target region, such as a tumor. Several formulations, such as liposomes, polymers, and dendrimers, have been successful in advancing to clinical trials with the goal of improving the drug's pharmacokinetics and biodistribution. Various stealth coatings, including hydrophilic polymers such as PEG, chitosan, and polyacrylamides, can form a protective layer over nanoparticles, preventing aggregation, opsonization, and immune system detection. As a result, they are classified under the Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) category. Serum, a biological sample, has a complex composition. Non-specific adsorption of chemicals onto an electrode can lead to fouling, impacting the sensitivity and accuracy of focused diagnostics and therapies. Various anti-fouling materials and procedures have been developed to minimize the impact of fouling on specific diagnoses and therapies, leading to significant advancements in recent decades. This study provides a detailed analysis of current methodologies using surface modifications that leverage the antifouling properties of polymers, peptides, proteins, and cell membranes for advanced targeted diagnostics and therapy in cancer treatment. In conclusion, we examine the significant obstacles encountered by present technologies and the possible avenues for future study and development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Congcong Sun
- University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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2
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Hong IS. Enhancing Stem Cell-Based Therapeutic Potential by Combining Various Bioengineering Technologies. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:901661. [PMID: 35865629 PMCID: PMC9294278 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.901661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell-based therapeutics have gained tremendous attention in recent years due to their wide range of applications in various degenerative diseases, injuries, and other health-related conditions. Therapeutically effective bone marrow stem cells, cord blood- or adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), embryonic stem cells (ESCs), and more recently, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have been widely reported in many preclinical and clinical studies with some promising results. However, these stem cell-only transplantation strategies are hindered by the harsh microenvironment, limited cell viability, and poor retention of transplanted cells at the sites of injury. In fact, a number of studies have reported that less than 5% of the transplanted cells are retained at the site of injury on the first day after transplantation, suggesting extremely low (<1%) viability of transplanted cells. In this context, 3D porous or fibrous national polymers (collagen, fibrin, hyaluronic acid, and chitosan)-based scaffold with appropriate mechanical features and biocompatibility can be used to overcome various limitations of stem cell-only transplantation by supporting their adhesion, survival, proliferation, and differentiation as well as providing elegant 3-dimensional (3D) tissue microenvironment. Therefore, stem cell-based tissue engineering using natural or synthetic biomimetics provides novel clinical and therapeutic opportunities for a number of degenerative diseases or tissue injury. Here, we summarized recent studies involving various types of stem cell-based tissue-engineering strategies for different degenerative diseases. We also reviewed recent studies for preclinical and clinical use of stem cell-based scaffolds and various optimization strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Sun Hong
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Seongnam, South Korea
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam, South Korea
- *Correspondence: In-Sun Hong,
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3
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The Origins and the Current Applications of Microfluidics-Based Magnetic Cell Separation Technologies. MAGNETOCHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/magnetochemistry8010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The magnetic separation of cells based on certain traits has a wide range of applications in microbiology, immunology, oncology, and hematology. Compared to bulk separation, performing magnetophoresis at micro scale presents advantages such as precise control of the environment, larger magnetic gradients in miniaturized dimensions, operational simplicity, system portability, high-throughput analysis, and lower costs. Since the first integration of magnetophoresis and microfluidics, many different approaches have been proposed to magnetically separate cells from suspensions at the micro scale. This review paper aims to provide an overview of the origins of microfluidic devices for magnetic cell separation and the recent technologies and applications grouped by the targeted cell types. For each application, exemplary experimental methods and results are discussed.
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4
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Kamali F, Shirini F. An efficient one-pot multi-component synthesis of spirooxindoles using Fe3O4/g-C3N4 nanocomposite as a green and reusable catalyst in aqueous media. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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5
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Liu Y, Wu N. Progress of Nanotechnology in Diabetic Retinopathy Treatment. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:1391-1403. [PMID: 33658779 PMCID: PMC7917322 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s294807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a chronic diabetes complication that progressively manifests itself as blurred vision, eye floaters, distorted vision, and even partial or total loss of vision as a result of retinal detachment in severe cases. Clinically, patients who have undergone variations in the microcirculation of the ocular fundus are treated with laser photocoagulation to improve the circulation of retina; but for patients with macular edema, anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) drugs are generally injected to eliminate macular edema and improve vision. The worst cases are patients with fundus hemorrhage or proliferative vitreoretinopathy, for whom vitrectomy has been performed. At present, these clinical treatment methods have widely been used, providing satisfactory results. However, considering the low bioavailability and potential side effects of drugs and the inevitable risks in major surgery, DR prevention, and treatment as well as nerve tissue regeneration in the later stage have always been the focus of research. In recent years, nanotechnology has been increasingly applied in the medical field, leading to new ideas for DR treatment. This study aims to systematically review the research progress of nanotechnology in DR treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Liu
- Student Affairs Department, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Na Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, People’s Republic of China
- Clinical Skills Practice Teaching Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, People’s Republic of China
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6
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Nanotechnology shaping stem cell therapy: Recent advances, application, challenges, and future outlook. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 137:111236. [PMID: 33486201 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, stem cell nanotechnology is one of the novel and exciting fields. Certain experimental studies conducted on the interaction of stem cells with nanostructures or nanomaterials have made significant progress. The significance of nanostructures, nanotechnology, and nanomaterials in the development of stem cell-based therapies for degenerative diseases and injuries has been well established. Specifically, the structure and properties of nanomaterials affecting the propagation and differentiation of stem cells have become a new interdisciplinary frontier in material science and regeneration medicines. In the current review, we highlight the recent major progress in this field, explore the application prospects, and discuss the issues, approaches, and challenges, to improve the applications of nanotechnology in the research and development of stem cells.
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7
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Xie E, Zheng L, Ding A, Zhang D. Mechanisms and pathways of ethidium bromide Fenton-like degradation by reusable magnetic nanocatalysts. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 262:127852. [PMID: 32768757 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ethidium bromide (3,8-diamino-6-phenyl-5-ethylphenanthridinium bromide, EtBr) is a carcinogenic compound widely used for staining nucleic acids that is difficult to treat. In this study, magnetic nanocatalysts (MNCs) were synthesized for the heterogeneous Fenton-like degradation of EtBr. The initial pH, MNC content, and H2O2 concentration were the key factors affecting the EtBr degradation performance and dynamics. An EtBr removal efficiency of 98.97% was achieved within 4 h under optimal conditions (initial pH, 3.0; MNC content, 1 g/L; H2O2 concentration, 50 mM), and the degradation followed the ring-open pathway with (2E,4Z,8E)-3-amino-N-ethyl-7,9-dihydroxynona-2,4,8-trienamide as an intermediate, as determined by liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (LC/MS). Unexpected and satisfactory Fenton-like oxidation of EtBr occurred under basic conditions, which was explained by a novel denitration pathway with 2-[nitro(phenyl)methyl]-(1,1'-biphenyl)-4,4'-diamine as an intermediate. The MNCs retained 62.17% of their degradation efficiency after five consecutive reaction and harvest cycles. Our work elucidated the mechanisms and pathways of EtBr removal in a Fenton-like reaction using MNCs, and comprehensively discussed the optimal reaction conditions and its potential for re-use.
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Affiliation(s)
- En Xie
- College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, PR China.
| | - Lei Zheng
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, PR China.
| | - Aizhong Ding
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, PR China.
| | - Dayi Zhang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China.
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8
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Fahmy HM, Abd El-Daim TM, Mohamed HAAENE, Mahmoud EAAEQ, Abdallah EAS, Mahmoud Hassan FEZ, Maihop DI, Amin AEAE, Mustafa ABE, Hassan FMA, Mohamed DME, Shams-Eldin EMM. Multifunctional nanoparticles in stem cell therapy for cellular treating of kidney and liver diseases. Tissue Cell 2020; 65:101371. [PMID: 32746989 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2020.101371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The review gives an overview of the mechanisms of internalization and distribution of nanoparticles in stem cells this is achieved via providing analysis of the methods used in exploring the migration routes of stem cells, and their reciprocity. In addition, exploring microenvironment target in the body, and tracking the fate of exogenously transplanted stem cells by using innovative and non-invasive techniques will also be discussed. Such techniques like magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), multimodality tracking, optical imaging, and nuclear medicine imaging, which were designed to follow up stem cell migration. This review will explain the various distinctive strategies to enhance homing of labeled stem cells with nanoparticles into damaged hepatic and renal tissues, this purpose was obtained by inducing a specific gene into stem cells, various chemokines, and applying an external magnetic field. Also, this work illustrates how to improve nanoparticles uptake by using transfection agents or covalently binding an exogenous protein (i.e., Human immunodeficiency virus-Tat protein) or conjugating a receptor-specific monoclonal antibody or make modifications to iron coat. It contains stem cell labeling methods such as extracellular labeling and internalization approaches. Ultimately, our review indicates trails of researchers in nanoparticles utilization in stem cell therapy in both kidney and liver diseases.
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9
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Voronin DV, Kozlova AA, Verkhovskii RA, Ermakov AV, Makarkin MA, Inozemtseva OA, Bratashov DN. Detection of Rare Objects by Flow Cytometry: Imaging, Cell Sorting, and Deep Learning Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E2323. [PMID: 32230871 PMCID: PMC7177904 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Flow cytometry nowadays is among the main working instruments in modern biology paving the way for clinics to provide early, quick, and reliable diagnostics of many blood-related diseases. The major problem for clinical applications is the detection of rare pathogenic objects in patient blood. These objects can be circulating tumor cells, very rare during the early stages of cancer development, various microorganisms and parasites in the blood during acute blood infections. All of these rare diagnostic objects can be detected and identified very rapidly to save a patient's life. This review outlines the main techniques of visualization of rare objects in the blood flow, methods for extraction of such objects from the blood flow for further investigations and new approaches to identify the objects automatically with the modern deep learning methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis V. Voronin
- Laboratory of Biomedical Photoacoustics, Saratov State University, 410012 Saratov, Russia
- Department of Physical and Colloid Chemistry, National University of Oil and Gas (Gubkin University), 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasiia A. Kozlova
- Laboratory of Biomedical Photoacoustics, Saratov State University, 410012 Saratov, Russia
| | - Roman A. Verkhovskii
- Laboratory of Biomedical Photoacoustics, Saratov State University, 410012 Saratov, Russia
- School of Urbanistics, Civil Engineering and Architecture, Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, 410054 Saratov, Russia
| | - Alexey V. Ermakov
- Laboratory of Biomedical Photoacoustics, Saratov State University, 410012 Saratov, Russia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail A. Makarkin
- Laboratory of Biomedical Photoacoustics, Saratov State University, 410012 Saratov, Russia
| | - Olga A. Inozemtseva
- Laboratory of Biomedical Photoacoustics, Saratov State University, 410012 Saratov, Russia
| | - Daniil N. Bratashov
- Laboratory of Biomedical Photoacoustics, Saratov State University, 410012 Saratov, Russia
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10
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Natarajan S, Harini K, Gajula GP, Sarmento B, Neves-Petersen MT, Thiagarajan V. Multifunctional magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles: diverse synthetic approaches, surface modifications, cytotoxicity towards biomedical and industrial applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1186/s42833-019-0002-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AbstractMagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MIONPs) play a major role in the emerging fields of nanotechnology to facilitate rapid advancements in biomedical and industrial platforms. The superparamagnetic properties of MIONPs and their environment friendly synthetic methods with well-defined particle size have become indispensable to obtain their full potential in a variety of applications ranging from cellular to diverse areas of biomedical science. Thus, the broadened scope and need for MIONPs in their demanding fields of applications required to be highlighted for a comprehensive understanding of their state-of-the-art. Many synthetic methods, however, do not entirely abolish their undesired cytotoxic effects caused by free radical production and high iron dosage. In addition, the agglomeration of MIONPs has also been a major problem. To alleviate these issues, suitable surface modification strategies adaptive to MIONPs has been suggested not only for the effective cytotoxicity control but also to minimize their agglomeration. The surface modification using inorganic and organic polymeric materials would represent an efficient strategy to utilize the diagnostic and therapeutic potentials of MIONPs in various human diseases including cancer. This review article elaborates the structural and magnetic properties of MIONPs, specifically magnetite, maghemite and hematite, followed by the important synthetic methods that can be exploited for biomedical approaches. The in vivo cytotoxic effects and the possible surface modifications employed to eliminate the cytotoxicity thereby enhancing the nanoparticle efficacy are also critically discussed. The roles and applications of surface modified MIONPs in medical and industrial platforms have been described for the benefits of global well-being.
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11
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Xie E, Zheng L, Li X, Wang Y, Dou J, Ding A, Zhang D. One-step synthesis of magnetic-TiO2-nanocomposites with high iron oxide-composing ratio for photocatalysis of rhodamine 6G. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0221221. [PMID: 31425521 PMCID: PMC6699712 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In the study, a facile one-step method for synthesizing magnetic-TiO2-nanophotocatalysts was developed. With the same composing ratio of 0.5 and 0.35 (Fe:Ti, mole:mole), we prepared two types of magnetic-TiO2-nanocomposites as one-step synthesized FexOy-composed TiO2 (FexOy/TiO2-0.5 and FexOy/TiO2-0.35) and two-step synthesized core-shell FexOy@TiO2 (FexOy@TiO2-0.5 and FexOy@TiO2-0.35), and tested their performance in rhodamine 6G (R6G) photodegradation. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that FexOy@TiO2-0.5 has the smallest crystallite size (16.8 nm), followed by FexOy@TiO2-0.5 (18.4 nm), FexOy/TiO2-0.35 (21.0 nm) and FexOy/TiO2-0.5 (19.0 nm), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) suggested the decreasing percentage of Fe3O4 from 52.1% to 36.7%-47.2% after Ti-deposition treatment. The saturated magnetisms followed the order: FexOy@TiO2-0.5 > FexOy@TiO2-0.35 > FexOy/TiO2-0.5 > FexOy/TiO2-0.35. R6G photodegradation followed the first order kinetics and was slightly influenced by pH but significantly affected by initial photocatalyst concentration. FexOy/TiO2-0.35 achieved the highest removal efficiency for R6G (92.5%), followed by FexOy@TiO2-0.35 (88.97%), FexOy@TiO2-0.5 (60.49%) and FexOy/TiO2-0.5 (48.06%). Additionally, all these magnetic-TiO2-nanocomposites had satisfied magnetic recoverability and exhibited laudable reusability after 5-times reuse, even achieving higher R6G removal efficiencies from 97.30% to 98.47%. Our one-step method took only 75 min for nanocomposite synthesis, 90 min less than conventional two-step method, showing its feasibility as a practical method for magnetic-TiO2-nanocomposite synthesis in industrial application.
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Affiliation(s)
- En Xie
- College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, PR China
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Lei Zheng
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xinyang Li
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
- School of Civil Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China
| | - Yingying Wang
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Junfeng Dou
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Aizhong Ding
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Dayi Zhang
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, PR China
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12
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Sahle FF, Kim S, Niloy KK, Tahia F, Fili CV, Cooper E, Hamilton DJ, Lowe TL. Nanotechnology in regenerative ophthalmology. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 148:290-307. [PMID: 31707052 PMCID: PMC7474549 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2019.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, regenerative medicine is gaining momentum and is giving hopes for restoring function of diseased, damaged, and aged tissues and organs and nanotechnology is serving as a catalyst. In the ophthalmology field, various types of allogenic and autologous stem cells have been investigated to treat some ocular diseases due to age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, retinitis pigmentosa, diabetic retinopathy, and corneal and lens traumas. Nanomaterials have been utilized directly as nanoscaffolds for these stem cells to promote their adhesion, proliferation and differentiation or indirectly as vectors for various genes, tissue growth factors, cytokines and immunosuppressants to facilitate cell reprogramming or ocular tissue regeneration. In this review, we reviewed various nanomaterials used for retina, cornea, and lens regenerations, and discussed the current status and future perspectives of nanotechnology in tracking cells in the eye and personalized regenerative ophthalmology. The purpose of this review is to provide comprehensive and timely insights on the emerging field of nanotechnology for ocular tissue engineering and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fitsum Feleke Sahle
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Sangyoon Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Kumar Kulldeep Niloy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Faiza Tahia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Cameron V Fili
- Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Emily Cooper
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - David J Hamilton
- Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Tao L Lowe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
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Farzamfar S, Nazeri N, Salehi M, Valizadeh A, Marashi S, Savari Kouzehkonan G, Ghanbari H. Will Nanotechnology Bring New Hope for Stem Cell Therapy? Cells Tissues Organs 2019; 206:229-241. [DOI: 10.1159/000500517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential of stem cell therapy has been shown in preclinical trials for the treatment of damage and replacement of organs and degenerative diseases. After many years of research, its clinical application is limited. Currently there is not a single stem cell therapy product or procedure. Nanotechnology is an emerging field in medicine and has huge potential due to its unique characteristics such as its size, surface effects, tunnel effects, and quantum size effect. The importance of application of nanotechnology in stem cell technology and cell-based therapies has been recognized. In particular, the effects of nanotopography on stem cell differentiation, proliferation, and adhesion have become an area of intense research in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Despite the many opportunities that nanotechnology can create to change the fate of stem cell technology and cell therapies, it poses several risks since some nanomaterials are cytotoxic and can affect the differentiation program of stem cells and their viability. Here we review some of the advances and the prospects of nanotechnology in stem cell research and cell-based therapies and discuss the issues, obstacles, applications, and approaches with the aim of opening new avenues for further research.
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14
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Park KJJ, Kim J, Testoff T, Adams J, Poklar M, Zborowski M, Venere M, Chalmers JJ. Quantitative characterization of the regulation of iron metabolism in glioblastoma stem-like cells using magnetophoresis. Biotechnol Bioeng 2019; 116:1644-1655. [PMID: 30906984 DOI: 10.1002/bit.26973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
This study focuses on different iron regulation mechanisms of glioblastoma (GBM) cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) and non-stem tumor cells (NSTCs) using multiple approaches: cell viability, density, and magnetophoresis. GBM CSCs and NSTCs were exposed to elevated iron concentration, and their magnetic susceptibility was measured using single cell magnetophoresis (SCM), which tracks the magnetic and settling velocities of thousands of individual cells passing through the magnetic field with a constant energy gradient. Our results consistently demonstrate that GBM NSTCs have higher magnetic susceptibility distribution at increased iron concentration compared with CSCs, and we speculate that it is because CSCs have the ability to store a high amount of iron in ferritin, whereas the free iron ions inside the NSTCs lead to higher magnetic susceptibility and reduced cell viability and growth. Further, their difference in magnetic susceptibility has led us to pursue a separate experiment using a quadrupole magnetic separator (QMS), a novel microfluidic device that uses a concentric channel and permanent magnets in a special configuration to separate samples based on their magnetic susceptibilities. GBM CSCs and NSTCs were exposed to elevated iron concentration, stained with two different trackers, mixed and introduced into QMS; subsequently, the separated fractions were analyzed by fluorescent microscopy. The separation results portray a successful label-less magnetic separation of the two populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung-Joo J Park
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - James Kim
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Thomas Testoff
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Joseph Adams
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Miranda Poklar
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Maciej Zborowski
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Monica Venere
- Department of Radiation Oncology and the Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jeffrey J Chalmers
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
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15
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Hemmat K, Nasseri MA, Allahresani A. CoFe
2
O
4
@SiO
2
@Co(III) Salen Complex: A Magnetically Recyclable Heterogeneous Catalyst for the Synthesis of Quinoline Derivatives in Water. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201900696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaveh Hemmat
- Department of ChemistryCollege of SciencesUniversity of Birjand Birjand 97175–615 Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Nasseri
- Department of ChemistryCollege of SciencesUniversity of Birjand Birjand 97175–615 Iran
| | - Ali Allahresani
- Department of ChemistryCollege of SciencesUniversity of Birjand Birjand 97175–615 Iran
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16
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Kim J, Gómez-Pastora J, Weigand M, Potgieter M, A Walters N, Reátegui E, F Palmer A, Yazer M, Zborowski M, Chalmers JJ. A Subpopulation of Monocytes in Normal Human Blood Has Significant Magnetic Susceptibility: Quantification and Potential Implications. Cytometry A 2019; 95:478-487. [PMID: 30958642 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.23755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The presence of iron in circulating monocytes is well known as they play essential roles in iron recycling. Also, the storage of this metal as well as its incorrect uptake and/or release are important data to diagnose different pathologies. It has been demonstrated that iron storage in human blood cells can be measured through their magnetic behavior with high accuracy; however, the magnetic characteristics of monocytes have not been reported so far to the best of our knowledge. Therefore, in this work, we report, for the first time, the physical and magnetic properties of human monocytes, along with plasma platelets, oxyhemoglobin red blood cells (oxyHb-RBCs), and methemoglobin red blood cells (metHb-RBCs). The different cell populations were separated by Ficoll-density gradient centrifugation, followed by a flow sorting step to isolate monocytes from peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The different fractions were analyzed by Coulter Counter (for determining the size distribution and concentration) and the sorted monocytes were qualitatively analyzed on ImageStream, a state-of-the-art imaging cytometer. The analysis of the Coulter Counter and ImageStream data suggests that although there exists contamination in the monocyte fraction, the integrity of the sorted monocytes appears to be intact and the concentration was high enough to precisely measure their magnetic velocity by Cell Tracking Velocimetry. Surprisingly, monocytes reported the highest magnetic mobility from the four fractions under analysis, with an average magnetic velocity 7.8 times higher than MetHb-RBCs, which is the only type of cells with positive magnetic velocities. This value is equivalent to a susceptibility 2.5 times higher than the value reported by fresh MetHb-RBCs. It should be noted that this is the first study that reports that a subpopulation of human monocytes is much more magnetic than MetHb-RBCs, opening the door to the possible isolation of human monocytes by label-free magnetic techniques. Further, it is suggested that these magnetic monocytes could "contaminate" positively selected, immunomagnetically labeled blood cells (i.e., during a process using magnetically conjugated antibodies targeting cells, such as CD34 positive cells). Conversely, these magnetic monocytes could be inadvertently removed from a desired blood population when one is using a negative magnetic isolation technique to target cells for removal. © 2019 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Kim
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jenifer Gómez-Pastora
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Mitchell Weigand
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Marnie Potgieter
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Genomics, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Nicole A Walters
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Eduardo Reátegui
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Andre F Palmer
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Mark Yazer
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh and The Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Maciej Zborowski
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jeffrey J Chalmers
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
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Nasseri MA, Hemmat K, Allahresani A. Synthesis and characterization of Co (III) salen complex immobilized on cobalt ferrite‐silica nanoparticle and their application in the synthesis of spirooxindoles. Appl Organomet Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.4743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad A. Nasseri
- Department of Chemistry, College of SciencesUniversity of Birjand Birjand 97175‐615 Iran
| | - Kaveh Hemmat
- Department of Chemistry, College of SciencesUniversity of Birjand Birjand 97175‐615 Iran
| | - Ali Allahresani
- Department of Chemistry, College of SciencesUniversity of Birjand Birjand 97175‐615 Iran
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Alexander A, Saraf S, Saraf S, Agrawal M, Patel RJ, Agrawal P, Khan J, Ajazuddin. Amalgamation of Stem Cells with Nanotechnology: A Unique Therapeutic Approach. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 14:83-92. [DOI: 10.2174/1574888x13666180703143219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In the last few years, the stem cell therapy has gained much popularity among researchers and scientists of biomedical field. It became an effective and alternative approach for the treatment of various physiological conditions (like accidental injuries, burn damage, organ failure, bone marrow transfusion, etc.) and chronic disorders (diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, periodontal diseases, etc.). Due to the unique ability of cellular differentiation and regeneration, stem cell therapy serves as the last hope for various incurable conditions and severe damages. The amalgamation of stem cell therapy with nanotechnology brings new prospects to the stem cell research, as it improves the specificity of the treatment and controls the stem cell proliferation and differentiation. In this review article, we have discussed various nanocarrier systems such as carbon nanotubes, quantum dots, nanofibers, nanoparticles, nanodiamonds, nanoparticle scaffold, etc. utilized for the delivery of stem cell inside the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Alexander
- Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh 490024, India
| | - Shailendra Saraf
- Hemchand Yadav University, Govt. Vasudev Vaman Patankar Girls' P.G. College Campus, Raipur Naka, Durg, Chhattisgarh 491001, India
| | - Swarnlata Saraf
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492010, India
| | - Mukta Agrawal
- Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh 490024, India
| | - Ravish J. Patel
- Ramanbhai Patel College of Pharmacy (RPCP), Charotar University of Science and Technology (CHARUSAT), Gujarat 388421, India
| | - Palak Agrawal
- Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh 490024, India
| | - Junaid Khan
- University Teaching Department (Pharmacy), Sarguja University, Ambikapur Chhattisgarh 497001, India
| | - Ajazuddin
- Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh 490024, India
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Moore LR, Mizutani D, Tanaka T, Buck A, Yazer M, Zborowski M, Chalmers JJ. Continuous, intrinsic magnetic depletion of erythrocytes from whole blood with a quadrupole magnet and annular flow channel; pilot scale study. Biotechnol Bioeng 2018; 115:1521-1530. [PMID: 29476625 PMCID: PMC6311700 DOI: 10.1002/bit.26581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The ability to separate RBCs from the other components of whole blood has a number of useful clinical and research applications ranging from removing RBCs from typical clinical blood draw, bone marrow transplants to transfusions of these RBCs to patients after significant blood loss. Viewed from a mechanistic/process perspective, there are three routine methodologies to remove RBCs: 1) RBCs lysis, 2) separation of the RBCs from the nucleated cells (i.e., stem cells) based on density differences typically facilitated through centrifugation or sedimentation agents, and 3) antibody based separation in which a targeted RBC is bound with an affinity ligand that facilitates its removal. More recently, several microfluidic based techniques have also been reported. In this report, we describe the performance of continuous RBC separation achieved by the deflection of intrinsically magnetic, deoxygenated RBCs as they flow through a magnetic energy gradient created by quadrupole magnet. This quadrupole magnetic, with aperture of 9.65 mm, has a maximum field of B0 = 1.36 T at the pole tips and a constant field gradient of B0 /r0 = 286 T/m. The annular flow channel, contained within this quadrupole magnet, is 203 mm long, has an inner radius of 3.98 mm, and an inner, outer radius of 4.36 mm, which corresponds to an annulus radius of 380 micrometer. At the entrance and exit to this annular channel, a manifold was designed which allows a cell suspension and sheath fluid to be injected, and a RBC enriched exit flow (containing the magnetically deflected RBCs) and a RBC depleted exit flow to be collected. Guided by theoretical models previously published, a limited number of operating parameters; total flow rate, flow rate ratios of flows in and flow out, and ratios of RBC to polystyrene control beads was tested. The overall performance of this system is consistent with our previously presented, theoretical models and our intuition. As expected, the normalized recovery of RBCs in the RBC exit fraction ranged from approximately 95% down to 60%, as the total flow rate through the system increased from 0.1 to 0.6 ml/min. At the cell concentrations studied, this corresponds to a flow rate of 1.5 × 106 -9 × 106 cells/min. While the throughput of these pilot scale studies are slow for practical applications, the general agreement with theory, and the small cross-sectional area in which the actual separation is achieved, 77 mm2 (annulus radius times the length), and corresponding volume of approximately 2 mls, suggests the potential to scale-up a system for practical applications exists and is actively being pursued.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee R Moore
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Daichi Mizutani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
- Department of Chemistry, Mie University, Japan
| | - Tomoya Tanaka
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
- Department of Chemistry, Mie University, Japan
| | - Amy Buck
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Mark Yazer
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh and The Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Maciej Zborowski
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jeffrey J Chalmers
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemica, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
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Fahlepy MR, Tiwow VA, Subaer. Characterization of magnetite (Fe3O4) minerals from natural iron sand of Bonto Kanang Village Takalar for ink powder (toner) application. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/997/1/012036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Frodsham G, Pankhurst QA. Biomedical applications of high gradient magnetic separation: progress towards therapeutic haeomofiltration. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 60:393-404. [PMID: 26439594 DOI: 10.1515/bmt-2015-0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
High gradient magnetic separation is a well-established technology in the mineral processing industry, and has been used for decades in the bioprocessing industry. Less well known is the increasing role that high gradient magnetic separation is playing in biomedical applications, for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. We review here the state of the art in this emerging field, with a focus on therapeutic haemofiltration, the key enabling technologies relating to the functionalisation of magnetic nanoparticles with target-specific binding agents, and the development of extra-corporeal circuits to enable the in situ filtering of human blood.
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Chen D, Awut T, Liu B, Ma Y, Wang T, Nurulla I. Functionalized magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles for removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions. E-POLYMERS 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/epoly-2016-0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
AbstractFe3O4 nanoparticles (MNP) were coated with 3-aminopropyltriethoxy-silane (APTES), resulting in anchoring of primary amine groups on the surface of the particles, then four kinds of novel magnetic adsorbents (Fe3O4@SiO2-NH-HCGs) were formed by grafting of different heterocyclic groups (HCG) on amino groups via substitution reaction. These Fe3O4@SiO2-NH-HCGs were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy disperse spectroscopy (EDS). The results confirmed the formation of Fe3O4@SiO2-NH-HCGs nanoparticles and the Fe3O4 core possessed superparamagnetism. Batch experiments were performed to evaluate adsorption conditions of Cu2+, Hg2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+. Under normal temperature and neutral condition, just 20 min, the removal efficiency of any Fe3O4@SiO2-NH-HCGs is more than 96%. In addition, these Fe3O4@SiO2-NH-HCGs have good stability and reusability. Their removal efficiency has no obvious decrease after being used seven times. After the experiments were finished, Fe3O4@SiO2-NH-HCGs were conveniently separated via an external magnetic field due to superparamagnetism. These results indicate that these Fe3O4@SiO2-NH-HCGs are potentially attractive materials for the removal of heavy metal ions from industrial wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tunsagnl Awut
- 1Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Educational Ministry of China, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, P.R. China
| | - Bin Liu
- 2Xinjiang Education Institute, Urumqi 830043, P.R. China
| | | | - Tao Wang
- 3Institute of Applied Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, P.R. China
| | - Ismayil Nurulla
- 4Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Educational Ministry of China, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University, 14 Shengli road, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830046, P.R. China, Phone: +86 0991 8583575, Fax: +86 0991 8583575
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Hassani H, Nasseri MA, Zakerinasab B, Rafiee F. Synthesis, characterization and application of sulfonic acid supported on ferrite-silica superparamagnetic nanoparticles. Appl Organomet Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.3447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. Hassani
- Department of Chemistry; Payam Noor University; Birjand Iran
| | - M. A. Nasseri
- Department of Chemistry College of Sciences; University of Birjand; Birjand 97175-615 Iran
| | - B. Zakerinasab
- Department of Chemistry; Payam Noor University; Birjand Iran
| | - F. Rafiee
- Department of Chemistry; Payam Noor University; Birjand Iran
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Safaei-Ghomi J, Masoomi R, Hamadanian M, Naseh S. Magnetic nanoscale core–shell structured Fe3O4@l-proline: an efficient, reusable and eco-friendly nanocatalyst for diastereoselective synthesis of fulleropyrrolidines. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj02960k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
An efficient and eco-friendly approach to the diastereoselective synthesis of some new fulleropyrrolidines using magnetic nanoscale core–shell structured Fe3O4@l-proline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Safaei-Ghomi
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- University of Kashan
- Kashan
- I. R. Iran
| | - Reihaneh Masoomi
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- University of Kashan
- Kashan
- I. R. Iran
| | - Masood Hamadanian
- Institute of NanoScience and NanoTecnology
- University of Kashan
- Kashan
- I. R. Iran
- Department of Physical Chemistry
| | - Sara Naseh
- Department of Physical Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- University of Kashan
- Kashan
- I. R. Iran
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25
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Mobinikhaledi A, Foroughifar N, Khajeh-Amiri A. N-Propylcarbamothioyl benzamide complex of Bi(III) supported on superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiO2 nanoparticles as a highly efficient and magnetically recoverable heterogeneous nanocatalyst for the one-pot synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones/thiones (DHPMs) via the Biginelli reaction. REACTION KINETICS MECHANISMS AND CATALYSIS 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11144-015-0931-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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26
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Zakerinasab B, Nasseri MA, Hassani H, Samieadel MM. Application of Fe3O4@SiO2@sulfamic acid magnetic nanoparticles as recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of imine and pyrazole derivatives in aqueous medium. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-015-2204-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Wu Y, Zhu R, Zhou Y, Zhang J, Wang W, Sun X, Wu X, Cheng L, Zhang J, Wang S. Layered double hydroxide nanoparticles promote self-renewal of mouse embryonic stem cells through the PI3K signaling pathway. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:11102-11114. [PMID: 26060037 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr02339d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) hold great potential for regenerative medicine due to their two unique characteristics: self-renewal and pluripotency. Several groups of nanoparticles have shown promising applications in directing the stem cell fate. Herein, we investigated the cellular effects of layered double hydroxide nanoparticles (LDH NPs) on mouse ESCs (mESCs) and the associated molecular mechanisms. Mg-Al-LDH NPs with an average diameter of ∼100 nm were prepared by hydrothermal methods. To determine the influences of LDH NPs on mESCs, cellular cytotoxicity, self-renewal, differentiation potential, and the possible signaling pathways were explored. Evaluation of cell viability, lactate dehydrogenase release, ROS generation and apoptosis demonstrated the low cytotoxicity of LDH NPs. The alkaline phosphatase activity and the expression of pluripotency genes in mESCs were examined, which indicated that exposure to LDH NPs could support self-renewal and inhibit spontaneous differentiation of mESCs under feeder-free culture conditions. The self-renewal promotion was further proved to be independent of the leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF). Furthermore, cells treated with LDH NPs maintained the potential to differentiate into all three germ layers both in vitro and in vivo through formation of embryoid bodies and teratomas. In addition, we observed that LDH NPs initiated the activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway, while treatment with the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 could block the effects of LDH NPs on mESCs. The results confirmed that the promotion of self-renewal by LDH NPs was associated with activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Altogether, our studies identified a new role of LDH NPs in maintaining self-renewal of mouse ES cells which could potentially be applied in stem cell research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youjun Wu
- Tenth People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, PR China.
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28
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Basualto C, Gaete J, Molina L, Valenzuela F, Yañez C, Marco JF. Lanthanide sorbent based on magnetite nanoparticles functionalized with organophosphorus extractants. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2015; 16:035010. [PMID: 27877811 PMCID: PMC5099848 DOI: 10.1088/1468-6996/16/3/035010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2015] [Revised: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In this work, an adsorbent was prepared based on the attachment of organophosphorus acid extractants, namely, D2EHPA, CYANEX 272, and CYANEX 301, to the surface of superparamagnetic magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles. The synthesized nanoparticles were coated with oleic acid, first by a chemisorption mechanism and later by the respective extractant via physical adsorption. The obtained core-shell functionalized magnetite nanoparticle composites were characterized by dynamic light scattering, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetry, infrared absorption and vibrating sample magnetometry. All the prepared nanoparticles exhibited a high saturation magnetization capacity that varied between 72 and 46 emu g-1 and decreased as the magnetite nanoparticle was coated with oleic acid and functionalized. The scope of this study also included adsorption tests for lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, and neodymium and the corresponding analysis of their results. Sorption tests indicated that the functionalized nanoparticles were able to extract the four studied lanthanide metal ions, although the best extraction performance was observed when the sorbent was functionalized with CYANEX 272, which resulted in a loading capacity of approximately 12-14 mgLa/gMNP. The magnetization of the synthesized nanoparticles was verified during the separation of the lanthanide-loaded sorbent from the raffinate by using a conventional magnet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Basualto
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas/Universidad de Chile, Santos Dumont 964, Independencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - José Gaete
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas/Universidad de Chile, Santos Dumont 964, Independencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lorena Molina
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas/Universidad de Chile, Santos Dumont 964, Independencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fernando Valenzuela
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas/Universidad de Chile, Santos Dumont 964, Independencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudia Yañez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas/Universidad de Chile, Santos Dumont 964, Independencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jose F Marco
- Instituto de Química-Física Rocasolano, CSIC, Calle Serrano 119, Madrid E-28006, Spain
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Maleki B, Baghayeri M. Synthesis of symmetrical N,N′-alkylidene bis-amides catalyzed by silica coated magnetic NiFe2O4 nanoparticle supported polyphosphoric acid (NiFe2O4@SiO2-PPA) and its application toward silver nanoparticle synthesis for electrochemical detection of glucose. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra16481h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
For the first time, a new and facile Ag@PM-b-B nanocomposite electrochemical sensor was successfully developed for the detection of glucose. Also, the magnetically recoverable catalyst was easily recycled at least ten times without significant loss of catalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behrooz Maleki
- Department of Chemistry
- Hakim Sabzevari University
- Sabzevar
- Iran
| | - Mehdi Baghayeri
- Department of Chemistry
- Hakim Sabzevari University
- Sabzevar
- Iran
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30
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Plouffe BD, Murthy SK, Lewis LH. Fundamentals and application of magnetic particles in cell isolation and enrichment: a review. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2015; 78:016601. [PMID: 25471081 PMCID: PMC4310825 DOI: 10.1088/0034-4885/78/1/016601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic sorting using magnetic beads has become a routine methodology for the separation of key cell populations from biological suspensions. Due to the inherent ability of magnets to provide forces at a distance, magnetic cell manipulation is now a standardized process step in numerous processes in tissue engineering, medicine, and in fundamental biological research. Herein we review the current status of magnetic particles to enable isolation and separation of cells, with a strong focus on the fundamental governing physical phenomena, properties and syntheses of magnetic particles and on current applications of magnet-based cell separation in laboratory and clinical settings. We highlight the contribution of cell separation to biomedical research and medicine and detail modern cell-separation methods (both magnetic and non-magnetic). In addition to a review of the current state-of-the-art in magnet-based cell sorting, we discuss current challenges and available opportunities for further research, development and commercialization of magnetic particle-based cell-separation systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian D Plouffe
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA. The Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Nasseri MA, Zakerinasab B, Samieadel MM. Sulfamic acid supported on Fe3O4@SiO2superpara magnetic nanoparticles as a recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of quinolines. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra06699e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Dukes KD, Christensen KA, Chumanov G. Core-shell silver nanoparticles for optical labeling of cells. Anal Biochem 2014; 458:43-8. [PMID: 24755004 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2014.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2012] [Revised: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles have been modified with self-assembled monolayers of hydroxyl-terminated long chain thiols and encapsulated with a silica shell. The resulting core-shell nanoparticles were used as optical labels for cell analysis using flow cytometry and microscopy. The excitation of plasmon resonances in nanoparticles results in strong depolarized scattering of visible light, permitting detection at the single nanoparticle level. The nanoparticles were modified with neutravidin via epoxide-azide coupling chemistry, to which biotinylated antibodies targeting cell surface receptors were bound. The nanoparticle labels exhibited long-term stability in solutions with high salt concentrations without aggregation or silver etching. Labeled cells exhibited two orders of magnitude enhancement of the scattering intensity compared with unlabeled cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle D Dukes
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | | | - George Chumanov
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA.
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Baratchi S, Khoshmanesh K, Sacristán C, Depoil D, Wlodkowic D, McIntyre P, Mitchell A. Immunology on chip: Promises and opportunities. Biotechnol Adv 2014; 32:333-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2013.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2013] [Revised: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 11/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Dehghani F, Sardarian AR, Esmaeilpour M. Salen complex of Cu(II) supported on superparamagnetic Fe3O4@SiO2 nanoparticles: An efficient and recyclable catalyst for synthesis of 1- and 5-substituted 1H-tetrazoles. J Organomet Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2013.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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36
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González-González M, Rito-Palomares M. Aqueous two-phase systems strategies to establish novel bioprocesses for stem cells recovery. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2013; 34:318-27. [DOI: 10.3109/07388551.2013.794125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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37
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Watarai H. Continuous separation principles using external microaction forces. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2013; 6:353-78. [PMID: 23772659 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-062012-092551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
During the past decade, methods for the continuous separation of microparticles with microaction forces have rapidly advanced. Various action forces have been used in designs of both microchannel and capillary continuous separation systems, which depend on properties such as conductivity, permittivity, absorptivity, refractive index, magnetic susceptibility, and compressibility. Particle migration velocity has been used to characterize the particles. Biological cells have been the most interesting targets of these continuous separation methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Watarai
- Institute for NanoScience Design, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan.
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Jin X, Abbot S, Zhang X, Kang L, Voskinarian-Berse V, Zhao R, Kameneva MV, Moore LR, Chalmers JJ, Zborowski M. Erythrocyte enrichment in hematopoietic progenitor cell cultures based on magnetic susceptibility of the hemoglobin. PLoS One 2012; 7:e39491. [PMID: 22952572 PMCID: PMC3428333 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0039491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2011] [Accepted: 05/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Using novel media formulations, it has been demonstrated that human placenta and umbilical cord blood-derived CD34+ cells can be expanded and differentiated into erythroid cells with high efficiency. However, obtaining mature and functional erythrocytes from the immature cell cultures with high purity and in an efficient manner remains a significant challenge. A distinguishing feature of a reticulocyte and maturing erythrocyte is the increasing concentration of hemoglobin and decreasing cell volume that results in increased cell magnetophoretic mobility (MM) when exposed to high magnetic fields and gradients, under anoxic conditions. Taking advantage of these initial observations, we studied a noninvasive (label-free) magnetic separation and analysis process to enrich and identify cultured functional erythrocytes. In addition to the magnetic cell separation and cell motion analysis in the magnetic field, the cell cultures were characterized for cell sedimentation rate, cell volume distributions using differential interference microscopy, immunophenotyping (glycophorin A), hemoglobin concentration and shear-induced deformability (elongation index, EI, by ektacytometry) to test for mature erythrocyte attributes. A commercial, packed column high-gradient magnetic separator (HGMS) was used for magnetic separation. The magnetically enriched fraction comprised 80% of the maturing cells (predominantly reticulocytes) that showed near 70% overlap of EI with the reference cord blood-derived RBC and over 50% overlap with the adult donor RBCs. The results demonstrate feasibility of label-free magnetic enrichment of erythrocyte fraction of CD34+ progenitor-derived cultures based on the presence of paramagnetic hemoglobin in the maturing erythrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Jin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Stewart Abbot
- Celgene Cellular Therapeutics, Warren, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Xiaokui Zhang
- Celgene Cellular Therapeutics, Warren, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Lin Kang
- Celgene Cellular Therapeutics, Warren, New Jersey, United States of America
| | | | - Rui Zhao
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Marina V. Kameneva
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Lee R. Moore
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey J. Chalmers
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Maciej Zborowski
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
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Nanoparticles for Gene Delivery into Stem Cells and Embryos. MULTIFACETED DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF BIOPOLYMERS FOR BIOLOGY, BIOMEDICINE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/12_2012_194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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40
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41
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Kaur S, Singhal B. When nano meets stem: The impact of nanotechnology in stem cell biology. J Biosci Bioeng 2012; 113:1-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2011.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2011] [Revised: 08/24/2011] [Accepted: 08/25/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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42
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Abstract
The separation and or isolation of rare cells using magnetic forces are commonly used and growing in use ranging from simple sample prep for further studies to a FDA approved, clinical diagnostic test. This growth is the result of both the demand to obtain homogeneous rare cells for molecular analysis and the dramatic increases in the power of permanent magnets that even allow the separation of some unlabeled cells based on intrinsic magnetic moments, such as malaria parasite-infected red blood cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Zborowski
- Department of Biomedical Engineering/ND-20, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, United States
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43
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Sajja VSK, Kennedy DJ, Todd PW, Hanley TR. Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation of a Quadrupole Magnetic Sorter Flow Channel: Effect of Splitter Position on Nonspecific Crossover. CAN J CHEM ENG 2011; 89:1068-1075. [PMID: 21984840 DOI: 10.1002/cjce.20541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In the Quadrupole Magnetic Sorter (QMS) magnetic particles enter a vertical flow annulus and are separated from non-magnetic particles by radial deflection into an outer annulus where the purified magnetic particles are collected via a flow splitter. The purity of magnetically isolated particles in QMS is affected by the migration of nonmagnetic particles across transport lamina in the annular flow channel. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations were used to predict the flow patterns, pressure drop and nonspecific crossover in QMS flow channel for the isolation of pancreatic islets of Langerhans. Simulation results were compared with the experimental results to validate the CFD model. Results of the simulations were used to show that one design gives up to 10% less nonspecific crossover than another and this model can be used to optimise the flow channel design to achieve maximum purity of magnetic particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- V S K Sajja
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, AL 36849
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Bhattacharya D, Baksi A, Banerjee I, Ananthakrishnan R, Maiti TK, Pramanik P. Development of phosphonate modified Fe(1−x)MnxFe2O4 mixed ferrite nanoparticles: Novel peroxidase mimetics in enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Talanta 2011; 86:337-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2011.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2011] [Revised: 08/26/2011] [Accepted: 09/14/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Robert D, Pamme N, Conjeaud H, Gazeau F, Iles A, Wilhelm C. Cell sorting by endocytotic capacity in a microfluidic magnetophoresis device. LAB ON A CHIP 2011; 11:1902-10. [PMID: 21512692 DOI: 10.1039/c0lc00656d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Magnetically labelled cells are finding a wealth of applications for in vitro analysis as well as in vivo treatments. Sorting of cells into subpopulations based on their magnetite loading is an important step in such procedures. Here, we study the sorting of monocytes and macrophages which internalise nanoparticles to different extents based on their endocytotic capacity. Macrophages featured a high endocytotic activity and were found to internalise between 4 and 60 pg of iron per cell. They were successfully sorted into five subpopulations of narrow iron loading distributions via on-chip free-flow magnetophoresis, thus demonstrating the potential of sorting of relatively similarly loaded cells. Monocytes featured a low endocytotic capacity and took on 1 to 4 pg of iron per cell. Mixtures of monocytes and macrophages were successfully sorted within the free-flow magnetophoresis chip and good purity (>88%), efficacy (>60%) and throughput (from 10 to 100 cells s(-1)) could be achieved. The introduced method constitutes a viable tool for studies of endocytotic capacity and sorting/selection of cells based on this functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Robert
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, UMR CNRS et Université Paris Diderot, France
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46
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Suwa M, Watarai H. Magnetoanalysis of micro/nanoparticles: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2011; 690:137-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2011.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2010] [Revised: 02/07/2011] [Accepted: 02/07/2011] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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47
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Liu D, He X, Wang K, He C, Shi H, Jian L. Biocompatible silica nanoparticles-insulin conjugates for mesenchymal stem cell adipogenic differentiation. Bioconjug Chem 2010; 21:1673-84. [PMID: 20735012 DOI: 10.1021/bc100177v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
There is increasing interest in developing bioconjugated carriers for the cellular delivery of bioactive molecules to stem cells, since they can allow modulation of stem cell differentiation. The present study reported biocompatible silica nanoparticle-insulin conjugates for rat mesenchymal stem cell (RMSC) adipogenic differentiation in vitro. A systematic study was first carried out on the biocompatibility of the SiNPs with RMSCs. The cell viability assay was performed to screen the SiNP concentration for creating little cytotoxicity on RMSCs. Furthermore, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and adipogenesis and osteogenesis assays revealed that the pure SiNPs had no effect on cellular ultrastructures, adipogenic differentiation, and osteogenic differentiation. Under the optimized SiNP concentration with little cytotoxicity on RMSC and no effects on the RMSC phenotype, SiNP-insulin conjugates were prepared and used for RMSC adipogenic differentiation. Results showed that RMSCs had the ability to differentiate into adipocytes when cultured in the presence of insulin-conjugated SiNPs. This work demonstrated that the biological activity of insulin conjugated to the SiNPs was not affected and the SiNPs could be used as biocompatibile carriers of insulin for RMSC adipogenic differentiation, which would help to expand the new potential application of SiNPs in stem cell research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Institute of Biology, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, No. 1 Lushan South Road, Changsha, China
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Kumar S, Ravikumar C, Bandyopadhyaya R. State of dispersion of magnetic nanoparticles in an aqueous medium: experiments and Monte Carlo simulation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:18320-18330. [PMID: 21047093 DOI: 10.1021/la1017196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Monte Carlo simulation results predicting the state of dispersion (single, dimer, trimer, and so on) of coated superparamagnetic iron oxide (Fe(3)O(4)) nanoparticles in an aqueous medium are compared with our experimental data for the same. Measured values of the volume percentage of particles in the dispersion, core particle diameter, coating-shell thickness, grafting density of the coating agent, saturation magnetization, and zeta potential for the citric acid-coated and poly(acrylic acid) [PAA]-coated particles have been used in our simulation. The simulation was performed by calculating the total interaction potential between two nanoparticles as a function of their interparticle distance and applying a criterion for the two particles to aggregate, with the criterion being that the minimum depth of the secondary minima in the total interaction potential must be at least equal to k(B)T. Simulation results successfully predicted both experimental trends-aggregates for citric acid-coated particles and an individual isolated state for PAA-coated particles. We have also investigated how this state changes for both kind of coating agents by varying the particle volume percentage from 0.01 to 25%, the particle diameter from 2 to 19 nm, the shell thickness from 1 to 14 nm, and grafting density from 10(15) to 10(22) molecules/m(2). We find that the use of a lower shell thickness and a higher particle volume percentage leads to the formation of larger aggregates. The possible range of values of these four variables, which can be used experimentally to prepare a stable aqueous dispersion of isolated particles, is recommended on the basis of predictions from our simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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49
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Norell H, Zhang Y, McCracken J, Martins da Palma T, Lesher A, Liu Y, Roszkowski JJ, Temple A, Callender GG, Clay T, Orentas R, Guevara-Patiño J, Nishimura MI. CD34-based enrichment of genetically engineered human T cells for clinical use results in dramatically enhanced tumor targeting. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2010; 59:851-62. [PMID: 20052466 PMCID: PMC3736983 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-009-0810-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2009] [Accepted: 12/07/2009] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Objective clinical responses can be achieved in melanoma patients by infusion of T cell receptor (TCR) gene transduced T cells. Although promising, the therapy is still largely ineffective, as most patients did not benefit from treatment. That only a minority of the infused T cells were genetically modified and that these were extensively expanded ex vivo may have prevented their efficacy. We developed novel and generally applicable retroviral vectors that allow rapid and efficient selection of T cells transduced with human TCRs. These vectors encode two TCR chains and a truncated CD34 molecule (CD34t) in a single mRNA transcript. Transduced T cells were characterized and the effects of CD34-based enrichment of redirected T cells were evaluated. Both CD8(+) and CD4(+) T cells could be transduced and efficiently co-expressed all introduced transgenes on their surface. Importantly, more than fivefold enrichment of both the frequency of transduced cells and the specific anti-tumor reactivity of the effector population could be achieved by magnetic beads-based enrichment procedures readily available for clinical grade hematopoietic stem cell isolation. This CD34-based enrichment technology will improve the feasibility of adoptive transfer of clinically relevant effectors. In addition to their enhanced tumor recognition, the enriched redirected T cells may also show superior reactivity and persistence in vivo due to the high purity of transduced cells and the shortened ex vivo culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Håkan Norell
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
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50
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Vermisoglou EC, Karanikolos GN, Pilatos G, Devlin E, Romanos GE, Veziri CM, Kanellopoulos NK. Aligned carbon nanotubes with ferromagnetic behavior. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2010; 22:473-477. [PMID: 20217736 DOI: 10.1002/adma.200901900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eleni C Vermisoglou
- Institute of Physical Chemistry Demokritos National Research Center Athens 153 10, Greece
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