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Mendonça ELSS, Xavier JA, Fragoso MBT, Silva MO, Escodro PB, Oliveira ACM, Tucci P, Saso L, Goulart MOF. E-Stilbenes: General Chemical and Biological Aspects, Potential Pharmacological Activity Based on the Nrf2 Pathway. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:232. [PMID: 38399446 PMCID: PMC10891666 DOI: 10.3390/ph17020232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Stilbenes are phytoalexins, and their biosynthesis can occur through a natural route (shikimate precursor) or an alternative route (in microorganism cultures). The latter is a metabolic engineering strategy to enhance production due to stilbenes recognized pharmacological and medicinal potential. It is believed that in the human body, these potential activities can be modulated by the regulation of the nuclear factor erythroid derived 2 (Nrf2), which increases the expression of antioxidant enzymes. Given this, our review aims to critically analyze evidence regarding E-stilbenes in human metabolism and the Nrf2 activation pathway, with an emphasis on inflammatory and oxidative stress aspects related to the pathophysiology of chronic and metabolic diseases. In this comprehensive literature review, it can be observed that despite the broad number of stilbenes, those most frequently explored in clinical trials and preclinical studies (in vitro and in vivo) were resveratrol, piceatannol, pterostilbene, polydatin, stilbestrol, and pinosylvin. In some cases, depending on the dose/concentration and chemical nature of the stilbene, it was possible to identify activation of the Nrf2 pathway. Furthermore, the use of some experimental models presented a challenge in comparing results. In view of the above, it can be suggested that E-stilbenes have a relationship with the Nrf2 pathway, whether directly or indirectly, through different biological pathways, and in different diseases or conditions that are mainly related to inflammation and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine L. S. S. Mendonça
- Program of the Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Maceió 57072-900, Brazil; (E.L.S.S.M.); (M.O.S.)
| | - Jadriane A. Xavier
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, UFAL, Maceió 57072-900, Brazil; (J.A.X.); (M.B.T.F.)
| | - Marilene B. T. Fragoso
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, UFAL, Maceió 57072-900, Brazil; (J.A.X.); (M.B.T.F.)
| | - Messias O. Silva
- Program of the Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Maceió 57072-900, Brazil; (E.L.S.S.M.); (M.O.S.)
| | | | | | - Paolo Tucci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71121 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Marília O. F. Goulart
- Program of the Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Maceió 57072-900, Brazil; (E.L.S.S.M.); (M.O.S.)
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Lan Y, Zheng YK, Wu LY, Zhou ZJ, Guan RX, Xu H, Tu JY, Gu X, Wang R, Jiang N, Wu Y, Shu CR, Zhou ZS. Polygonum Cuspidatum Alcohol Extract Exerts Analgesic Effects via the MAPK/ERK Signaling Pathway. Drug Des Devel Ther 2023; 17:3151-3167. [PMID: 37876500 PMCID: PMC10591627 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s420002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Traditional Chinese medicine Polygonum cuspidatum (PC) has significant effects on reducing pain. In this study, we investigated the analgesic effects of the alcohol extract of PC on three types of inflammatory pain and explored its mechanism. Methods Potential targets for the analgesic effects of the main active components of PC alcohol extract were screened by network pharmacology and molecular docking. Three different inflammatory pain mouse models (acetic acid twisting, formalin foot swelling, and xylene ear swelling) were used to study the analgesic effects of PC. The expression of latent signaling pathways in L4-6 spinal cord tissues in formalin foot swelling mice was evaluated using real-time qPCR (RT-qPCR), Western blot (WB), and immunohistochemistry (IHC) analyses. Results Network pharmacology analysis shows that PC analgesic mechanism is related to the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway. The five main active components of PC have good docking ability with JNK and p38. PC alcohol extract significantly reduced the pain behavior and alleviated inflammatory reactions in three mouse models, inhibited the mRNA and protein phosphorylation levels of JNK, ERK, p38, and CREB in spinal cord tissues. Conclusion PC alcohol extract can inhibit inflammation and alleviate pain, which is related to its inhibition of the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway in spinal cord. Thus, PC alcohol extract is a promising candidate for pain treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lan
- Department of Pharmacy, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Pathogenesis and Intervention, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Kun Zheng
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liu-Yi Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zi-Jun Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruo-Xin Guan
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Heng Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ji-Yuan Tu
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Gu
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rui Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Nan Jiang
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuan Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Ren Shu
- Department of Pharmacy, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Pathogenesis and Intervention, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Shi Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
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3
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Zhang NN, Jiang ZM, Li SZ, Yang X, Liu EH. Evolving interplay between natural products and gut microbiota. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 949:175557. [PMID: 36716810 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests gut microbiota status affects human health, and microbiota imbalance will induce multiple disorders. Natural products are gaining increasing attention for their therapeutical effects and less side effects. The emerging studies support that the activities of many natural products are dependent on gut microbiota, meanwhile gut microbiota is modulated by natural products. In this review, we summarized the interplay between the gut microbiota and host disease, and the emerging molecular mechanisms of the interaction between natural products and gut microbiota. Focusing on gut microbiota metabolite of various natural products, and the effects of natural products on gut microbiota, we summarized the biotransformation pathways of natural products, and discussed the effect of natural products on the composition modulation of gut microbiota, protection of gut mucosal barrier and modulation of the gut microbiota metabolites. Dissecting the interplay between gut microbiota and natural products will help elucidate the therapeutic mechanisms of natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning-Ning Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zheng-Meng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shang-Zhen Li
- Nanjing Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - E-Hu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
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Ji L, Shi W, Wang L, Qin M, Xu G, Guo Y, Li Y, Ma Q. Characterization of the chemical constituents and metabolic profile of Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc. in rat plasma, urine, and feces by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with Quadrupole-Exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2022; 45:4292-4317. [PMID: 36209394 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202200522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc. is a traditional and popular Chinese medicine with a wide spectrum of pharmacological effects such as anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor activities together with other health effects like lowering lipids, preventing diabetes, and regulating the immune system. It is of great significance to explore the complex chemical constituents and metabolic process of Polygonum cuspidatum in vivo to further clarify the effective substances. However, studies on its metabolism in vivo were not comprehensive in previous literature. In this study, ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with Quadrupole-Exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometry was used to comprehensively identify the chemical constituents in Polygonum cuspidatum and further analyze its metabolic profile in rats. Compared with reference substances, various databases, and literature retrieval, 62 compounds were inferred from the Polygonum cuspidatum extract. Furthermore, a total of 119 compounds, including 44 prototype compounds and 75 metabolites, were annotated in rat plasma, urine, and feces. The main metabolic pathways of Polygonum cuspidatum in rats included hydrogenation reduction, hydroxylation, dehydration, methylation, sulfation, and glucuronidation. This is the first systematic study on the chemical constituents of Polygonum cuspidatum and its metabolic profile in vivo, which contributes to finding its bioactive components and seeking its therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ji
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Wenjun Shi
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Liting Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ming Qin
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Guang Xu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yuying Guo
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yanling Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Qun Ma
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, P. R. China
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Li D, Lyu Y, Zhao J, Ji X, Zhang Y, Zuo Z. Accumulation of the Major Components from Polygoni Multiflori Radix in Liver and Kidney after Its Long-Term Oral Administrations in Rats. PLANTA MEDICA 2022; 88:950-959. [PMID: 34521133 DOI: 10.1055/a-1585-5991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Although Polygoni Multiflori Radix (PMR) has been widely used as a tonic and an anti-aging remedy for centuries, the extensively reported hepatotoxicity and potential kidney toxicity hindered its safe use in clinical practice. To better understand its toxicokinetics, the current study was proposed, aiming to evaluate the biodistributions of the major PMR components including 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (TSG), emodin, emodin-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (EMG) and physcion as well as their corresponding glucuronides following bolus and multiple oral administrations of PMR to rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats received a bolus dose or 21 days of oral administrations of PMR concentrated granules at 4.12 g/kg (equivalent to 20.6 g/kg raw material). Fifteen minutes after bolus dose or the last dose on day 21, rats were sacrificed and the blood, liver, and kidney were collected for the concentration determination of both parent form and glucuronides of TSG, emodin, EMG, and physcion by HPLC-MS/MS. Among all the tested analytes, TSG, EMG, EMG glucuronides in liver and TSG, EMG, as well as all the glucuronides of these analytes in the kidney demonstrated the most significant accumulation after multiple doses. Moreover, the levels of the parent analytes were all significantly higher in liver and kidney in comparison to their plasma levels. Strong tissue binding of all four analytes and accumulation of TSG, EMG, and EMG glucuronides in the liver and TSG, EMG, as well as the glucuronides of all four analytes in the kidney after multiple dosing of PMR were considered to be associated with its toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Yuanfeng Lyu
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Jiajia Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Ji
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Zhong Zuo
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
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Luo J, Chen S, Wang L, Zhao X, Piao C. Pharmacological effects of polydatin in the treatment of metabolic diseases: A review. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 102:154161. [PMID: 35636169 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic diseases (MDs), a series of chronic disorders, severely decreases the quality of life for patients but also cause a heavy economic burden. Emerging evidence suggests that Polydatin (PD), an important glucoside of resveratrol, is widely distributed in many plants and has shown good therapeutic potential in metabolic diseases. PURPOSE To review the PD discovered before 2021 and their potential to treat metabolic diseases. The activities against diabetes, Obesity, atherosclerosis, NAFLD, NASH, hyperlipidemia, and gout with special emphasis on pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, mechanisms of action, possible roles in current medicine, and future perspectives are discussed. METHODS A comprehensive search of published literature was conducted to locate original publications pertaining to polydatin and MDs through the end of 2021 using MEDLINE, Elsevier, Springer, PubMed, Scholar, and CNKI databases. The main inquiry used was for the presence of the following keywords in various combinations in the abstracts: 'Polydatin', 'Metabolic diseases', 'Pharmacology', 'Toxicology', 'Pharmacokinetics', 'Diabetes', 'Obesity', 'Atherosclerosis', 'Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease', 'Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis', 'Hyperlipidemia', and 'Gout'. RESULTS The search yielded 987 articles, of which 33 articles were included in this review. Studies have revealed that PD can promote insulin secretion, alleviate insulin resistance, regulate glucose and lipid metabolism, reduce liver lipid deposition, inhibit inflammation, oxidative stress, and decrease uric acid deposition in preclinical experiments. The underlying mechanisms of PD in treatment MDs may be attributed to the regulation of multiple signaling pathways, including. NF-κB, AGEs/RAGE, MAPK/ERK, AMPK/LDLR, IRS1/PI3K/AKT, LKB1/AMPK, PPARβ-NO, SIRT1-PGC-1α-SOD2, PKC, etc., The pharmacokinetic profiles of PD provide valuable information on therapeutic efficacy in treating metabolic diseases. CONCLUSION This review summarizes the available reports and evidence which support the use of PD as a potential candidate in the treatment of MDs and provides an overview of the modulatory effects of PD in metabolic diseases and cell signaling pathways, which may have important implications in its future clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinli Luo
- Institution of Shenzhen Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Futian), Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Shuo Chen
- Institution of Shenzhen Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Futian), Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Li Wang
- Institution of Shenzhen Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Futian), Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Xiaohua Zhao
- Institution of Shenzhen Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Futian), Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Chunli Piao
- Institution of Shenzhen Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Futian), Shenzhen, 518000, China.
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Wang Y, Lim YY, He Z, Wong WT, Lai WF. Dietary phytochemicals that influence gut microbiota: Roles and actions as anti-Alzheimer agents. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:5140-5166. [PMID: 33559482 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1882381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The last decide has witnessed a growing research interest in the role of dietary phytochemicals in influencing the gut microbiota. On the other hand, recent evidence reveals that dietary phytochemicals exhibit properties of preventing and tackling symptoms of Alzheimer's disease, which is a neurodegenerative disease that has also been linked with the status of the gut microbiota over the last decade. Till now, little serious discussions, however, have been made to link recent understanding of Alzheimer's disease, dietary phytochemicals and the gut microbiota together and to review the roles played by phytochemicals in gut dysbiosis induced pathologies of Alzheimer's disease. Deciphering these connections can provide insights into the development and future use of dietary phytochemicals as anti-Alzheimer drug candidates. This review aims at presenting latest evidence in the modulating role of phytochemicals in the gut microbiota and its relevance to Alzheimer's disease and summarizing the mechanisms behind the modulative activities. Limitations of current research in this field and potential directions will also be discussed for future research on dietary phytochemicals as anti-Alzheimer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia.,School of Dentistry, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Yau-Yan Lim
- School of Science, Monash University, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zhendan He
- College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wing-Tak Wong
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Wing-Fu Lai
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.,School of Life and Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China
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8
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Comprehensive analysis of resveratrol metabolites in rats using ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with high resolution mass spectrometry. ARAB J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2020.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
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9
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Álvarez-Martínez FJ, Barrajón-Catalán E, Encinar JA, Rodríguez-Díaz JC, Micol V. Antimicrobial Capacity of Plant Polyphenols against Gram-positive Bacteria: A Comprehensive Review. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:2576-2606. [PMID: 30295182 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666181008115650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multi-drug-resistant bacteria such as Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) disseminate rapidly amongst patients in healthcare facilities and suppose an increasingly important cause of community-associated infections and associated mortality. The development of effective therapeutic options against resistant bacteria is a public health priority. Plant polyphenols are structurally diverse compounds that have been used for centuries for medicinal purposes, including infections treatment and possess, not only antimicrobial activity, but also antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities among others. Based on the existing evidence on the polyphenols' antibacterial capacity, polyphenols may be postulated as an alternative or complementary therapy for infectious diseases. OBJECTIVE To review the antimicrobial activity of plant polyphenols against Gram-positive bacteria, especially against S. aureus and its resistant strains. Determine the main bacterial molecular targets of polyphenols and their potential mechanism of action. METHODOLOGY The most relevant reports on plant polyphenols' antibacterial activity and their putative molecular targets were studied. We also performed virtual screening of thousand different polyphenols against proteins involved in the peptidoglycan biosynthesis to find potential valuable bioactive compounds. The bibliographic information used in this review was obtained from MEDLINE via PubMed. RESULTS Several polyphenols: phenolic acids, flavonoids (especially flavonols), tannins, lignans, stilbenes and combinations of these in botanical mixtures, have exhibited significant antibacterial activity against resistant and non-resistant Gram-positive bacteria at low μg/mL range MIC values. Their mechanism of action is quite diverse, targeting cell wall, lipid membrane, membrane receptors and ion channels, bacteria metabolites and biofilm formation. Synergic effects were also demonstrated for some combinations of polyphenols and antibiotics. CONCLUSION Plant polyphenols mean a promising source of antibacterial agents, either alone or in combination with existing antibiotics, for the development of new antibiotic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Javier Álvarez-Martínez
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular y Celular (IBMC) and Instituto de Investigacion, Desarrollo e Innovacion en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universitas Miguel Hernandez; 03202 Elche, Spain
| | - Enrique Barrajón-Catalán
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular y Celular (IBMC) and Instituto de Investigacion, Desarrollo e Innovacion en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universitas Miguel Hernandez; 03202 Elche, Spain
| | - José Antonio Encinar
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular y Celular (IBMC) and Instituto de Investigacion, Desarrollo e Innovacion en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universitas Miguel Hernandez; 03202 Elche, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Rodríguez-Díaz
- Microbiology Section, University General Hospital of Alicante, Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL-FISABIO Foundation), Alicante 03010, Spain
| | - Vicente Micol
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular y Celular (IBMC) and Instituto de Investigacion, Desarrollo e Innovacion en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universitas Miguel Hernandez; 03202 Elche, Spain.,CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, CIBERobn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CB12/03/30038), Spain
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10
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New mechanism of neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease: The activation of NLRP3 inflammasome mediated by gut microbiota. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2020; 100:109884. [PMID: 32032696 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.109884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a central degenerative disease characterized by cognitive impairment. Polymerization of β-amyloid has been reported to cause the entanglement of nerve cells, leading to the progressive loss of nerve cells. Accumulative studies have confirmed the important roles of neuroinflammation in the development of AD. In this study, the gut microbiota from AD patients were transplanted into APP/PS1 double transgenic mice. As a result, the expression of NLRP3 was increased in the intestinal tract of mice, and the expression levels of inflammatory factors in peripheral blood were also increased. Consistently, the cognitive impairment was more severe in mice receiving gut microbiota from AD patients than those did not, with activation of microglia in the central hippocampus of mice, and increased expression of neuroinflammatory factors. In APP/PS1 mice transplanted with gut microbiota from AD patients, transplantation of healthy human gut microbiota or oral administration of minocycline was further used to improve the composition of gut microbiota. Consequently, the intestinal expression of NLRP3 was down-regulated, the cognitive ability of mice was improved, the activation of microglia in central hippocampus was suppressed and the expression of neuroinflammatory factors was also down-regulated. After transplantation of gut microbiota from AD patients in C57BL/6 mice, the intestinal expression of NLRP3 was up-regulated. Although the cognitive ability of mice was not significantly changed, the microglia in the hippocampus of mice were still activated and the expression of inflammatory factors was up-regulated. In this study, we found that gut microbiota in AD patients could induce the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in the intestinal tract of mice, subsequently causing the release of inflammatory factors. The absorption and circulation of inflammatory factors through the intestinal tract could further aggravate the inflammation in the nervous tissues and the activation of microglia. Therefore, improving the composition of gut microbiota in AD patients can further attenuate neuroinflammation, which is considered as a novel idea for AD treatment.
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Liu H, Sun Z, Tian X, Feng Q, Guo Z, Chen S, Yin H, Wang Y, Xu Z, Xie L, Hu P, Huang C. Systematic investigation on the chemical basis of anti-NAFLD Qushi Huayu Fang. Part 1: A study of metabolic profiles in vivo and in vitro by high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Biomed Chromatogr 2020; 34:e4805. [PMID: 32012315 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Qushi Huayu Fang (QHF) is a clinic-empirical prescription for treating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in China, which is composed of five herbs. However, the bioactive constituents responsible for the efficacy of QHF remain unclear. Thus, a high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry method was established and adopted to identify the constituents of QHF, and profile its metabolism in vivo and in vitro. Among the 66 constituents in QHF, only 14 compounds of six structural types were absorbed, and 34 metabolites were generated through eight metabolic pathways. A total of 20 metabolites were first reported, including four organic acids, one iridoid, two flavones, five naphthols, three anthraquinones, and five stilbenes. Glucuronidation and sulfation were the main metabolic pathways, and the intestinal metabolism played an important role in the biotransformation of QHF. Many compounds, especially those detected in the liver, the target organ of QHF, were reported to display the anti-NAFLD activity. This is the first study to explore the constituents of QHF and its metabolism in vivo and in vitro, thus realizing the first step to clarify the chemical basis of QHF qualitatively, and laying the foundation for further research on the anti-NAFLD mechanism of QHF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaolin Sun
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoting Tian
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qin Feng
- Institute of Liver Disease, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziqiong Guo
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuoji Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Yin
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yangyang Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhou Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Like Xie
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Pei Hu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chenggang Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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12
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Sang Z, Wang K, Shi J, Cheng X, Zhu G, Wei R, Ma Q, Yu L, Zhao Y, Tan Z, Liu W. Apigenin-rivastigmine hybrids as multi-target-directed liagnds for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 187:111958. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Revised: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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13
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Wang D, Zeng J, Xiang W, Yin M, Zhong G, Xia Z. Online coupling of the Ussing chamber, solid-phase extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography for screening and analysis of active constituents of traditional Chinese medicines. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1609:460480. [PMID: 31530382 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A semi-automated online platform was established successfully for preliminary screening of potential active flavonoids of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) in multicomponent system. Online coupling of the in vitro intestinal absorption model, solid phase extraction (SPE) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was actualized at the first time. The Ussing chamber model was selected to absorb the constituents of TCMs. A mini chromatographic column filled with C18 was used as a SPE column for online enrichment of flavonoids. HPLC was applied to analyze the constituents screened by platform. With the use of rutin as a model flavonoid, the specifications of SPE column, eluting solvent, elution time and flow rate of eluent were systematically investigated to optimize online system. Under the optimal conditions, the linear range of rutin was 0.125-368 µg/mL with the correlation coefficient (R2) greater than 0.9947. The limit of detection (LOD) was as low as 0.0500 µg/mL and the limit of quantification (LOQ) was 0.125 µg/mL. The intra-day relative standard deviation (RSD) and inter-day RSD was 2.5% and 3.8%, respectively. The recoveries of rutin in the intestinal absorption samples ranged from 93.2% to 94.0%. Finally, the online system was applied to screen the potential active flavonoids of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (Huangqin, HQ) and Polygoni Cuspidati Rhizoma et Radix (Huzhang, HZ). A total of 14 flavonoids of these two TCMs were identified by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS), and 12 flavonoids of them were screened as the potential active components by online Ussing chamber-SPE-HPLC. In comparison with offline method and gavage in rats, the online system can screen the active constituents from TCMs more accurately and completely. The results demonstrated that the online system was reliable and sufficiently accurate for screening and determination of the potential active flavonoids of TCMs in multicomponent system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Jinxiang Zeng
- Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China
| | - Wei Xiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Manni Yin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Guoyue Zhong
- Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China.
| | - Zhining Xia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China.
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14
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Zhang B, Li MY, Luo XM, Wang XB, Wu T. Analysis of the chemical components of Qixianqingming granules and their metabolites in rats by UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2020; 55:e4484. [PMID: 31786817 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Qixianqingming granules (QXQM) comprise a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula that was developed based on the combination of TCM theory and clinical practice. This formula has been proven to effectively treat asthma. In this study, an analytical procedure using ultraperformance liquid chromatography, coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry, was established for the rapid separation and sensitive identification of the chemical components in QXQM and its metabolites in serum of rats. Seventy-two compounds were systematically identified in QXQM, including flavonoids, terpenoids, anthraquinones, phenylethanoid glycosides, stilbenes, alkaloids, and organic acids. Thirteen prototype compounds and 29 metabolites were detected in the serum of rats. The results provided fundamental information for further studying the mechanisms and clinical application of QXQM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of New Drug and Pharmaceutical Process, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, China
| | - Mo Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory of New Drug and Pharmaceutical Process, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Ming Luo
- Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiong Biao Wang
- Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of New Drug and Pharmaceutical Process, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, China
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15
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Suppressive Effect of Huzhentongfeng on Experimental Gouty Arthritis: An In Vivo and In Vitro Study. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:2969364. [PMID: 31871475 PMCID: PMC6913320 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2969364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Background Huzhentongfeng (HZTF) is an extract from four Chinese medical herbs for treating gout. This study aims to evaluate its antigout activity and preliminary explore its mechanism in vivo and in vitro. Methods The rats were intragastrically administered with HZTF for 5 days and then injected 0.1 ml (10 mg) of MSU crystals to their joints for generating a gout model to analyze the paw volume and histopathology of joint synovial tissues of rats with different doses. We also investigated the antioxidant capacity of HZTF in vitro using indication including lipid peroxidation, DPPH·, and ABTS+ radical-scavenging capacity; besides, we used qRT-PCR to measure the effect of HZTF on interleukin (IL)-1β, caspase-1, NLRP3, and NQO1 expression in hydrogen peroxide-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages and IL-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in MSU crystal-induced THP-1 monocytes. Confocal microscopy analysis was used to observe the dimerization of ASC adapter proteins. In addition, we also established quality standard of HZTF by using the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. Results HZTF could significantly suppress the paw swelling and neutrophil infiltration induced by MSU intra-articular injection in rats compared with the control group. HZTF also showed inhibition effects of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) secretion at 25.00 and 50.00 μg/ml in MSU-induced THP-1 cells but showed no effects of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α mRNA expression in MSU-induced THP-1 cells. Furthermore, confocal microscopy analysis showed that HZTF could prevent the oligomerization of ASC. Moreover, HZTF also showed effects in cell-free and cell-base tests of antioxidant capacity. Conclusion The results prove that HZTF possessed the potential preventive effect against gout arthritis, and the effect may be attributed to its preventing effect on neutrophil infiltration and proinflammatory cytokines secretion such as IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α which were caused by the activation of inflammasome.
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16
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An X, Bao Q, Di S, Zhao Y, Zhao S, Zhang H, Lian F, Tong X. The interaction between the gut Microbiota and herbal medicines. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 118:109252. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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17
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Comprehensive metabolism study of polydatin in rat plasma and urine using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2019; 1117:22-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2019.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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18
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Wu Z, Wang X, Chen M, Hu H, Cao J, Chai T, Wang H. A Study on Tissue-Specific Metabolite Variations in Polygonum cuspidatum by High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolic Profiling. Molecules 2019; 24:E1058. [PMID: 30889850 PMCID: PMC6471859 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24061058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc. is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine widely used to treat tussis, hepatitis and arthralgia. This study identified and quantitatively described the bioactive compounds in different P. cuspidatum tissues. Metabolic profiles of root, stem, leaf, flower, rhizome and seed were determined using high-resolution mass spectrometry in combination with multivariate analyses. In total, 53 metabolites, 8 reported for the first time in this species, were putatively identified and classified mainly as stilbenes, anthraquinones and flavonoids. A principal component analysis, cluster analysis and heatmap were used to depict the correlations between specimens and the relative abundance levels of these compounds in different plant tissues. An orthogonal partial least square discriminant analysis found that 13 metabolites showed distinct differences among the six plant tissues, making them potential discriminative tissue-identification markers. This study will provide guidance in comparing, selecting and exploiting the medicinal uses of different P. cuspidatum tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun Wu
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.
- School of Life sciences and Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China.
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Mo Chen
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Hongyan Hu
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Jie Cao
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Tuanyao Chai
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beichen west Road, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Hong Wang
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.
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19
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Fuggetta MP, Migliorino MR, Ricciardi S, Osman G, Iacono D, Leone A, Lombardi A, Ravagnan G, Greco S, Remotti D, Romano MCP. Prophylactic Dermatologic Treatment of Afatinib-Induced Skin Toxicities in Patients with Metastatic Lung Cancer: A Pilot Study. SCIENTIFICA 2019; 2019:9136249. [PMID: 30838155 PMCID: PMC6374781 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9136249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe skin rash is listed among important side effects of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Polydatin (PD), a glycosylated polyphenol, is endowed with anti-inflammatory activity in human epidermal keratinocytes. OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the effect of topical application of a moisturizer containing PD to prevent skin rash in patients with mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with afatinib. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eligible NSCLC patients with metastatic disease were treated with first-line afatinib 40 mg/die. One day before starting systemic therapy, all patients received topical administration of a 1.5% PD-based cream b.i.d. every day until the end of afatinib treatment. RESULTS Out of 34 treated patients, the incidence of skin rash (all grades) was 41.2% and grade 2 rash was 20.6%, and grade 3 rash was not observed in any of the patients. None of the patients discontinued therapy for toxicity. The mean duration of treatment was 6.4 months, calculated from the time treatment was started to the date treatment was stopped. CONCLUSION The results showed that a PD-based cream can reduce the incidence of grade ≥2 skin toxicities in patients treated with afatinib. Clinical study registration number: Prot. No. 130/CE Lazio 1 Italy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Serena Ricciardi
- UOSD of Oncologic Pneumology, San Camillo Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgia Osman
- UOSD of Oncologic Pneumology, San Camillo Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Iacono
- UOSD of Oncologic Pneumology, San Camillo Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Alvaro Leone
- UOC of Anatomopathology, San Camillo Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Stefania Greco
- UOSD of Oncologic Pneumology, San Camillo Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Remotti
- UOC of Anatomopathology, San Camillo Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy
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