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Wang J, Wang Y, Jiang X. Targeting anticancer immunity in melanoma tumour microenvironment: unleashing the potential of adjuvants, drugs, and phytochemicals. J Drug Target 2024:1-21. [PMID: 39041142 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2024.2384071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Melanoma poses a challenge in oncology because of its aggressive nature and limited treatment modalities. The tumour microenvironment (TME) in melanoma contains unique properties such as an immunosuppressive and high-density environment, unusual vasculature, and a high number of stromal and immunosuppressive cells. In recent years, numerous experiments have focused on boosting the immune system to effectively remove malignant cells. Adjuvants, consisting of phytochemicals, toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists, and cytokines, have shown encouraging results in triggering antitumor immunity and augmenting the therapeutic effectiveness of anticancer therapy. These adjuvants can stimulate the maturation of dendritic cells (DCs) and infiltration of cytotoxic CD8+ T lymphocytes (CTLs). Furthermore, nanocarriers can help to deliver immunomodulators and antigens directly to the tumour stroma, thereby improving their efficacy against malignant cells. The remodelling of melanoma TME utilising phytochemicals, agonists, and other adjuvants can be combined with current modalities for improving therapy outcomes. This review article explores the potential of adjuvants, drugs, and their nanoformulations in enhancing the anticancer potency of macrophages, CTLs, and natural killer (NK) cells. Additionally, the capacity of these agents to repress the function of immunosuppressive components of melanoma TME, such as immunosuppressive subsets of macrophages, stromal and myeloid cells will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingping Wang
- Emergency Department, Zhejiang Provincial General Hospital of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- Respiratory and Oncology Department, Zhejiang Provincial General Hospital of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaofang Jiang
- Respiratory and Oncology Department, Zhejiang Provincial General Hospital of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Zhejiang, China
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2
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Shi X, Xiao B, Feng R. Identification of a glycolysis-related miRNA Signature for Predicting Breast cancer Survival. Mol Biotechnol 2024; 66:1988-2006. [PMID: 37535159 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00837-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is a common type of cancer and has a poor prognosis. In this study, we collected the mRNA and miRNA expression profiles of BC patients were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to explore a novel prognostic strategy for BC patients using bioinformatics tools. We found that six glycolysis-related miRNAs (GRmiRs, including hsa-mir-1247, hsa-mir148b, hsa-mir-133a-2, has-mir-1307, hsa-mir-195 and hsa-mir-1258) were correlated with prognosis of BC samples. The risk score model was established based on 6 prognosis-associated GRmiRs. The outcome of high risk group was significantly poorer. Cox regression analysis showed that risk score was an independent prognostic factor. Differentially expressed genes identified between high and low risk groups were mainly enriched in inflammation and immune-related signaling pathways. The proportion of infiltration of 12 kinds of immune cells in high and low risk groups were significantly different. Risk score was closely associated with many immune indexes. Multiple DEGRGs and miRNAs were associated with drugs. In conclusion, glycolysis-related miRNA signature effectively predicts BC prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejing Shi
- Department of Galactophore, Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology and Obstetrics, No. 156 Nankai Sanma Road, Tianjin, Nankai District, 300100, P.R. China
| | - Baoqiang Xiao
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, Hexi District, 300211, P.R. China
| | - Rui Feng
- Department of Galactophore, Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology and Obstetrics, No. 156 Nankai Sanma Road, Tianjin, Nankai District, 300100, P.R. China.
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Wang C, Wang J, Zhu Z, Hu J, Lin Y. Spotlight on pro-inflammatory chemokines: regulators of cellular communication in cognitive impairment. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1421076. [PMID: 39011039 PMCID: PMC11247373 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1421076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Cognitive impairment is a decline in people's ability to think, learn, and remember, and so forth. Cognitive impairment is a global health challenge that affects the quality of life of thousands of people. The condition covers a wide range from mild cognitive impairment to severe dementia, which includes Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), among others. While the etiology of cognitive impairment is diverse, the role of chemokines is increasingly evident, especially in the presence of chronic inflammation and neuroinflammation. Although inflammatory chemokines have been linked to cognitive impairment, cognitive impairment is usually multifactorial. Researchers are exploring the role of chemokines and other inflammatory mediators in cognitive dysfunction and trying to develop therapeutic strategies to mitigate their effects. The pathogenesis of cognitive disorders is very complex, their underlying causative mechanisms have not been clarified, and their treatment is always one of the challenges in the field of medicine. Therefore, exploring its pathogenesis and treatment has important socioeconomic value. Chemokines are a growing family of structurally and functionally related small (8-10 kDa) proteins, and there is growing evidence that pro-inflammatory chemokines are associated with many neurobiological processes that may be relevant to neurological disorders beyond their classical chemotactic function and play a crucial role in the pathogenesis and progression of cognitive disorders. In this paper, we review the roles and regulatory mechanisms of pro-inflammatory chemokines (CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CCL11, CCL20, and CXCL8) in cognitive impairment. We also discuss the intrinsic relationship between the two, hoping to provide some valuable references for the treatment of cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jiayi Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhichao Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jialing Hu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Yong Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia, The First Affiliated Hospital of GanNan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
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Stępień S, Smycz-Kubańska M, Kruszniewska-Rajs C, Gola JM, Kabut J, Olczyk P, Mielczarek-Palacz A. Clinical significance of the CXCL8/CXCR1/R2 signalling axis in patients with invasive breast cancer. Oncol Lett 2024; 27:260. [PMID: 38646491 PMCID: PMC11027109 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2024.14393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL8)-C-X-C chemokine receptor (CXCR)1/2 signalling axis is among numerous mechanisms which stimulate the immune system to defend against tumour growth and influence the tumour microenvironment to promote tumour growth. This pathway plays an important role in the development of a number of cancers including breast cancer (BC). The aim of the present study was to analyse the levels of the chemokine CXCL8 and its receptors, CXCR1 and CXCR2, in the serum of female patients with invasive BC and to assess the expression of these parameters at the mRNA level, considering molecular subtypes and degrees of cancer malignancy. The study group consisted of 62 patients with histopathologically confirmed invasive BC. The control group consisted of 18 patients with histopathologically confirmed fibroadenoma, a benign breast tumour. The levels of CXCL8, CXCR1 and CXCR2 were determined by sandwich ELISA using the CLOUD-CLONE ELISA kit. CXCL8, CXCR1 and CXCR2 transcript levels were analysed using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Results showed that serum CXCL8 levels in female patients with invasive BC were significantly higher compared with those in the control group (P<0.05). In addition, significantly elevated CXCR1 levels were observed in luminal B human epidermal growth factor receptor 2+ carcinoma compared with those in the control group. Analysis of CXCL8 in the serum of female patients with BC showed a statistically significant difference between clinical stage G1 and G2 (P<0.05), G2 and G3 (P<0.01), and G1 and G3 (P<0.0001). On the other hand, the analysis of CXCR1 and CXCR2 levels in the serum of the patients revealed a statistically significant difference between G2 and G3 (P<0.05). The current study showed that abnormalities in the immune response involving the CXCL8-CXCR1/2 signalling axis in patients with invasive BC are involved in the development of these tumours. Moreover, the demonstrated severity of changes occurring at protein level may suggest the potential usefulness of their determination as potential diagnostic markers in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Stępień
- Department of Immunology and Serology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Marta Smycz-Kubańska
- Department of Immunology and Serology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Celina Kruszniewska-Rajs
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Joanna Magdalena Gola
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Jacek Kabut
- Department of Immunology and Serology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Paweł Olczyk
- Department of Community Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Mielczarek-Palacz
- Department of Immunology and Serology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
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Sussman TA, Severgnini M, Giobbie-Hurder A, Friedlander P, Swanson SJ, Jaklitsch M, Clancy T, Goguen LA, Lautz D, Swanson R, Daley H, Ritz J, Dranoff G, Hodi FS. Phase II trial of vaccination with autologous, irradiated melanoma cells engineered by adenoviral mediated gene transfer to secrete granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor in patients with stage III and IV melanoma. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1395978. [PMID: 38812776 PMCID: PMC11133610 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1395978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Background In the era of immune checkpoint blockade, the role of cancer vaccines in immune priming has provided additional potential for therapeutic improvements. Prior studies have demonstrated delayed type hypersensitivity and anti-tumor immunity with vaccines engineered to secrete granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). The safety, efficacy and anti-tumor immunity of GM-CSF secreting vaccine in patients with previously treated stage III or IV melanoma needs further investigation. Methods In this phase II trial, excised lymph node metastases were processed to single cells, transduced with an adenoviral vector encoding GM-CSF, irradiated, and cryopreserved. Individual vaccines were composed of 1x106, 4x106, or 1x107 tumor cells, and were injected intradermally and subcutaneously at weekly and biweekly intervals. The primary endpoints were feasibility of producing vaccine in stage III patients and determining the proportion of patients alive at two years in stage IV patients. Results GM-CSF vaccine was successfully developed and administered in all 61 patients. Toxicities were restricted to grade 1-2 local skin reactions. The median OS for stage III patients (n = 20) was 71.1 (95% CI, 43.7 to NR) months and 14.9 (95%CI, 12.1 to 39.7) months for stage IV patients. The median PFS in stage III patients was 50.7 (95%CI, 36.3 to NR) months and 4.1 (95% CI, 3.0-6.3) months in stage IV patients. In the overall population, the disease control rate was 39.3% (95%CI, 27.1 to 52.7%). In stage III patients, higher pre-treatment plasma cytokine levels of MMP-1, TRAIL, CXCL-11, CXCL-13 were associated with improved PFS (p<0.05 for all). An increase in post-vaccination levels of IL-15 and TRAIL for stage III patients was associated with improved PFS (p=0.03 for both). Similarly, an increase in post-vaccination IL-16 level for stage IV patients was associated with improved PFS (p=0.02) and clinical benefit. Conclusions Vaccination with autologous melanoma cells secreting GM-CSF augments antitumor immunity in stage III and IV patients with melanoma, is safe, and demonstrates disease control. Luminex data suggests that changes in inflammatory cytokines and immune cell infiltration promote tumor antigen presentation and subsequent tumor cell destruction. Additional investigation to administer this vaccine in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara A. Sussman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Mariano Severgnini
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Curis, Inc., Lexington, MA, United States
| | - Anita Giobbie-Hurder
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Philip Friedlander
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Scott J. Swanson
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Michael Jaklitsch
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Thomas Clancy
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Laura A. Goguen
- Division of Otolaryngology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - David Lautz
- Department of Surgery, Emerson Hospital, Concord, MA, United States
| | - Richard Swanson
- Department of Surgery, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Heather Daley
- Connell and O’Reilly Families Cell Manipulation Core Facility, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jerome Ritz
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
- Connell and O’Reilly Families Cell Manipulation Core Facility, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Glenn Dranoff
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - F. Stephen Hodi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Medical Oncology, Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
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6
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Zhang X, Teng X, Zhang J, Lai Q, Cai J. Enhancing pathological complete response prediction in breast cancer: the role of dynamic characterization of DCE-MRI and its association with tumor heterogeneity. Breast Cancer Res 2024; 26:77. [PMID: 38745321 PMCID: PMC11094888 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-024-01836-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early prediction of pathological complete response (pCR) is important for deciding appropriate treatment strategies for patients. In this study, we aimed to quantify the dynamic characteristics of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance images (DCE-MRI) and investigate its value to improve pCR prediction as well as its association with tumor heterogeneity in breast cancer patients. METHODS The DCE-MRI, clinicopathologic record, and full transcriptomic data of 785 breast cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy were retrospectively included from a public dataset. Dynamic features of DCE-MRI were computed from extracted phase-varying radiomic feature series using 22 CAnonical Time-sereis CHaracteristics. Dynamic model and radiomic model were developed by logistic regression using dynamic features and traditional radiomic features respectively. Various combined models with clinical factors were also developed to find the optimal combination and the significance of each components was evaluated. All the models were evaluated in independent test set in terms of area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). To explore the potential underlying biological mechanisms, radiogenomic analysis was implemented on patient subgroups stratified by dynamic model to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and enriched pathways. RESULTS A 10-feature dynamic model and a 4-feature radiomic model were developed (AUC = 0.688, 95%CI: 0.635-0.741 and AUC = 0.650, 95%CI: 0.595-0.705) and tested (AUC = 0.686, 95%CI: 0.594-0.778 and AUC = 0.626, 95%CI: 0.529-0.722), with the dynamic model showing slightly higher AUC (train p = 0.181, test p = 0.222). The combined model of clinical, radiomic, and dynamic achieved the highest AUC in pCR prediction (train: 0.769, 95%CI: 0.722-0.816 and test: 0.762, 95%CI: 0.679-0.845). Compared with clinical-radiomic combined model (train AUC = 0.716, 95%CI: 0.665-0.767 and test AUC = 0.695, 95%CI: 0.656-0.714), adding the dynamic component brought significant improvement in model performance (train p < 0.001 and test p = 0.005). Radiogenomic analysis identified 297 DEGs, including CXCL9, CCL18, and HLA-DPB1 which are known to be associated with breast cancer prognosis or angiogenesis. Gene set enrichment analysis further revealed enrichment of gene ontology terms and pathways related to immune system. CONCLUSION Dynamic characteristics of DCE-MRI were quantified and used to develop dynamic model for improving pCR prediction in breast cancer patients. The dynamic model was associated with tumor heterogeniety in prognostic-related gene expression and immune-related pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Zhang
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xinzhi Teng
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jiang Zhang
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qingpei Lai
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jing Cai
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.
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Huang CG, Liu Q, Zheng ST, Liu T, Tan YY, Peng TY, Chen J, Lu XM. Chemokines and Their Receptors: Predictors of Therapeutic Potential in Tumor Microenvironment on Esophageal Cancer. Dig Dis Sci 2024; 69:1562-1570. [PMID: 38580886 PMCID: PMC11098888 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-024-08392-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Esophageal carcinoma (ESCA) is an aggressive solid tumor. The 5-year survival rate for patients with ESCA is estimated to be less than 20%, mainly due to tumor invasion and metastasis. Therefore, it is urgent to improve early diagnostic tools and effective treatments for ESCA patients. Tumor microenvironment (TME) enhances the ability of tumor cells to proliferate, migrate, and escape from the immune system, thus promoting the occurrence and development of tumor. TME contains chemokines. Chemokines consist of four major families, which are mainly composed of CC and CXC families. The main purpose of this review is to understand the CC and CXC chemokines and their receptors in ESCA, to improve the understanding of tumorigenesis of ESCA and determine new biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of ESCA. We reviewed the literature on CC and CXC chemokines and their receptors in ESCA identified by PubMed database. This article introduces the general structures and functions of CC, CXC chemokines and their receptors in TME, as well as their roles in the progress of ESCA. Chemokines are involved in the development of ESCA, such as cancer cell invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, and radioresistance, and are key determinants of disease progression, which have a great impact on patient prognosis and treatment response. In addition, a full understanding of their mechanism of action is essential to further verify that these chemokines and their receptors may serve as biomarkers or therapeutic targets of ESCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong-Gai Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Clinical Medical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
- Precision Pathology Diagnosis for Serious Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Clinical Medical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Shu-Tao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Clinical Medical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Tao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Clinical Medical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yi-Yi Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Clinical Medical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Tian-Yuan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Clinical Medical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jiao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Clinical Medical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Clinical Medical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China.
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Krishnamohan M, Kaplanov I, Maudi-Boker S, Yousef M, Machluf-Katz N, Cohen I, Elkabets M, Titus J, Bersudsky M, Apte RN, Voronov E, Braiman A. Tumor Cell-Associated IL-1α Affects Breast Cancer Progression and Metastasis in Mice through Manipulation of the Tumor Immune Microenvironment. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3950. [PMID: 38612760 PMCID: PMC11011794 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
IL-1α is a dual function cytokine that affects inflammatory and immune responses and plays a pivotal role in cancer. The effects of intracellular IL-1α on the development of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) in mice were assessed using the CRISPR/Cas9 system to suppress IL-1α expression in 4T1 breast cancer cells. Knockout of IL-1α in 4T1 cells modified expression of multiple genes, including downregulation of cytokines and chemokines involved in the recruitment of tumor-associated pro-inflammatory cells. Orthotopical injection of IL-1α knockout (KO) 4T1 cells into BALB/c mice led to a significant decrease in local tumor growth and lung metastases, compared to injection of wild-type 4T1 (4T1/WT) cells. Neutrophils and myeloid-derived suppressor cells were abundant in tumors developing after injection of 4T1/WT cells, whereas more antigen-presenting cells were observed in the tumor microenvironment after injection of IL-1α KO 4T1 cells. This switch correlated with increased infiltration of CD3+CD8+ and NKp46+cells. Engraftment of IL-1α knockout 4T1 cells into immunodeficient NOD.SCID mice resulted in more rapid tumor growth, with increased lung metastasis in comparison to engraftment of 4T1/WT cells. Our results suggest that tumor-associated IL-1α is involved in TNBC progression in mice by modulating the interplay between immunosuppressive pro-inflammatory cells vs. antigen-presenting and cytotoxic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathumathi Krishnamohan
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel; (M.K.); (M.E.); (J.T.); (M.B.)
| | - Irena Kaplanov
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel; (M.K.); (M.E.); (J.T.); (M.B.)
| | - Sapir Maudi-Boker
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel; (M.K.); (M.E.); (J.T.); (M.B.)
| | - Muhammad Yousef
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel; (M.K.); (M.E.); (J.T.); (M.B.)
| | - Noy Machluf-Katz
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel; (M.K.); (M.E.); (J.T.); (M.B.)
| | - Idan Cohen
- Cancer Center, Emek Medical Center, Afula 18101, Israel;
| | - Moshe Elkabets
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel; (M.K.); (M.E.); (J.T.); (M.B.)
| | - Jaison Titus
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel; (M.K.); (M.E.); (J.T.); (M.B.)
| | - Marina Bersudsky
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel; (M.K.); (M.E.); (J.T.); (M.B.)
| | - Ron N. Apte
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel; (M.K.); (M.E.); (J.T.); (M.B.)
| | - Elena Voronov
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel; (M.K.); (M.E.); (J.T.); (M.B.)
| | - Alex Braiman
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel; (M.K.); (M.E.); (J.T.); (M.B.)
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Li GX, Chang RZ, Liu TT, Jin GN, Lu K, Yong TY, Li Z, Liu JH, Zhang B, Zhang WG, Ding ZY. GRIN2A mutation is a novel indicator of stratifying beneficiaries of immune checkpoint inhibitors in multiple cancers. Cancer Gene Ther 2024; 31:586-598. [PMID: 38267623 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-024-00730-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Glutamate-NMDAR receptors (GRINs) have been reported to influence cancer immunogenicity; however, the relationship between GRIN alterations and the response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has not been determined. This study combined clinical characteristics and mutational profiles from multiple cohorts to form a discovery cohort (n = 901). The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between the mutation status of the GRIN gene and the response to ICI therapy. Additionally, an independent ICI-treated cohort from the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC, N = 1513) was used for validation. Furthermore, this study explored the associations between GRIN2A mutations and intrinsic and extrinsic immunity using multiomics analysis. In the discovery cohort, patients with GRIN2A-MUTs had improved clinical outcomes, as indicated by a higher objective response rate (ORR: 36.8% vs 25.8%, P = 0.020), durable clinical benefit (DCB: 55.2% vs 38.7%, P = 0.005), prolonged progression-free survival (PFS: HR = 0.65; 95% CI 0.49 to 0.87; P = 0.003), and increased overall survival (OS: HR = 0.67; 95% CI 0.50 to 0.89; P = 0.006). Similar results were observed in the validation cohort, in which GRIN2A-MUT patients exhibited a significant improvement in overall survival (HR = 0.66; 95% CI = 0.49 to 0.88; P = 0.005; adjusted P = 0.045). Moreover, patients with GRIN2A-MUTs exhibited an increase in tumor mutational burden, high expression of costimulatory molecules, increased activity of antigen-processing machinery, and infiltration of various immune cells. Additionally, gene sets associated with cell cycle regulation and the interferon response were enriched in GRIN2A-mutated tumors. In conclusion, GRIN2A mutation is a novel biomarker associated with a favorable response to ICIs in multiple cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gan-Xun Li
- Hepatic Surgery Center, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Diseases, National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Rui-Zhi Chang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Diseases, National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Tong-Tong Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Guan-Nan Jin
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Kan Lu
- Hepatic Surgery Center, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Diseases, National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Tu-Ying Yong
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Zifu Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Ji-Hong Liu
- Department and Institute of Urology, National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Bixiang Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Diseases, National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Wan-Guang Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Diseases, National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Ze-Yang Ding
- Hepatic Surgery Center, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Diseases, National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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10
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Yang M, Mao X, Li L, Yang J, Xing H, Jiang C. High TPX2 expression results in poor prognosis, and Sp1 mediates the coupling of the CX3CR1/CXCL10 chemokine pathway to the PI3K/Akt pathway through targeted inhibition of TPX2 in endometrial cancer. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e6958. [PMID: 38466034 PMCID: PMC10926884 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Approximately 30% of individuals with advanced EC have unsatisfactory prognosis. Evidence suggests that TPX2 is frequently upregulated in malignancies and related to cancer progression. Its role and pathological mechanism in EC need further research. METHODS GSEA and TPX2 expression, GO, KEGG, and prognostic analyses were performed with TCGA data by bioinformatic approaches. Relationships between TPX2 expression and clinicopathological parameters were investigated immunohistochemically and statistically. shRNA and overexpression plasmids were constructed and transfected into AN3CA and Ishikawa cells to evaluate phenotypic changes and injected into nude mouse axillae. Coimmunoprecipitation and chromatin immunoprecipitation were used to identify interacting proteins and promoter-binding sequences. Changes in TPX2 expression were identified by Western blotting and RT-qPCR. RESULTS TPX2 expression was significantly higher in EC tissues than in normal tissues in TCGA and in-house specimens (all p < 0.001). In survival analysis, high TPX2 expression was associated with poor prognosis (p = 0.003). TPX2 overexpression stimulated cancer cell proliferation, promoted the G0-G1-to-G2/M transition, enhanced invasion and migration, and accelerated tumor growth in nude mice. TPX2 regulated the CX3CR1/CXCL10 chemokine pathway and activated the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Sp1 negatively regulated TPX2 expression, affecting the malignant progression of endometrial cancer cells by coupling the CX3CR1/CXCL10 chemokine pathway to the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. CONCLUSION TPX2 could be a prognostic biomarker for EC and play an important role in the CX3CR1/CXCL10 chemokine pathway and PI3K/Akt pathway via Sp1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyXiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei, University of Arts and ScienceXiangyangChina
- Institute of Maternity DiseaseXiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and ScienceXiangyangChina
| | - Xiaogang Mao
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyXiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei, University of Arts and ScienceXiangyangChina
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyXiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei, University of Arts and ScienceXiangyangChina
| | - Jiang Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyXiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei, University of Arts and ScienceXiangyangChina
| | - Hui Xing
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyXiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei, University of Arts and ScienceXiangyangChina
- Institute of Maternity DiseaseXiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and ScienceXiangyangChina
| | - Chunfan Jiang
- Institute of Maternity DiseaseXiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and ScienceXiangyangChina
- Department of PathologyXiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and ScienceXiangyangHubeiChina
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11
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Chen P, Long J, Zhang J, Xie F, Wu W, Tian Z, Zhang S, Yu K. Identification and validation of the association of Janus kinase 2 mutations with the response to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. Inflamm Res 2024; 73:263-276. [PMID: 38200372 PMCID: PMC10824873 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-023-01833-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) mutation plays an important role in T cell immunity. However, the effect of JAK2 mutation on immunotherapy is largely uncharacterized. METHODS In this study, we analyzed the effect of JAK2 mutation on the efficacy and outcomes of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy in the discovery cohort (n = 662) and the verification cohort (n = 1423). Furthermore, we explored the association of JAK2 mutation with the tumor immune microenvironment in a multiomics cohort. RESULTS In the discovery cohort (n = 662), JAK2 mutant-type patients had a better objective response rate (58.8% vs. 26.7%, P = 0.010), durable clinical benefit (64.7% vs. 38.9%, P = 0.043), progression-free survival (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.431, P = 0.015), and overall survival (HR = 0.378, P = 0.025), relative to JAK2 wild-type patients. Moreover, we further verified the prognostic significance of JAK2 mutation in an independent ICI treatment cohort with a larger sample size (n = 1423). In addition, we discovered that the JAK2 mutation was remarkably related to increased immunogenicity, such as a higher TMB, higher expression of costimulatory molecules and stimulation of antigen processing mechanisms. In addition, JAK2 mutation was positively correlated with activated anticancer immunity, such as infiltration of various immune cells and higher expression of chemokines. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates that JAK2 mutation is a novel marker that can be used to effectively predict prognosis and response to ICI therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Chen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition & Health Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Junyu Long
- Department of Liver Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiayang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Breast Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Fucun Xie
- Department of Liver Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Zhuang Tian
- Department of Cardiology, Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Shuyang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Kang Yu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition & Health Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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12
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Duan L, Liu R, Cui X, Zhang Q, Cao D, Chen M, Zhang A. Identification of UBFD1 as a prognostic biomarker and molecular target among estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 686:149171. [PMID: 37922573 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.149171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer (BRCA) is the most commonly diagnosed molecular subtype of BRCA. It is routinely treated with endocrine therapy; however, some patients relapse after therapy and develop drug resistance, resulting in treatment failure. In the present study, we identified markers of ER-positive BRCA and evaluated their putative function in immune infiltration as well as their clinicopathological significance. The ubiquitin family domain containing 1 (UBFD1) protein was associated with the prognosis of ER-positive BRCA patients. Its expression was higher in ER-positive BRCA tissues compared with adjacent nontumor tissues. Patients with higher UBFD1 expression had a poorer prognosis. UBFD1 is an independent risk factor for ER-positive BRCA patients and its function was primarily associated with hormone activity and inflammation. Taken together, UBFD1 is a potential prognostic biomarker and candidate target of ER-positive BRCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian Duan
- Basic Laboratory, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, China
| | - Xiaoyue Cui
- Basic Laboratory, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, China
| | - Qiaoling Zhang
- Basic Laboratory, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, China; Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, China
| | - Dan Cao
- Basic Laboratory, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, China; Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, China
| | - Maoshan Chen
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, China.
| | - Aijie Zhang
- Basic Laboratory, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, China; Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, China.
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13
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Chatterjee P, Banerjee S. Unveiling the mechanistic role of the Aryl hydrocarbon receptor in environmentally induced Breast cancer. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 218:115866. [PMID: 37863327 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a crucial cytosolic evolutionary conserved ligand-activated transcription factor and a pleiotropic signal transducer. The biosensor activity of the AhR is attributed to the promiscuity of its ligand-binding domain. Evidence suggests exposure to environmental toxins such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls and halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons activates the AhR signaling pathway. The constitutive activation of the receptor signaling system leads to multiple health adversities and enhances the risk of several cancers, including breast cancer (BC). This review evaluates several mechanisms that integrate the tumor-inducing property of such environmental contaminants with the AhR pathway assisting in BC tumorigenesis, progress and metastasis. Intriguingly, immune evasion is identified as a prominent hallmark in BC. Several emerging pieces of evidence have identified AhR as a potent immunosuppressive effector in several cancers. Through AhR signaling pathways, some tumors can avoid immune detection. Thus the relevance of AhR in the immunomodulation of breast tumors and its putative mode of action in the breast tumor microenvironment are discussed in this review. Additionally, the work also explores BC stemness and its associated inflammation in response to several environmental cues. The review elucidates the context-dependent ambiguous behavior of AhR either as an oncogene or a tumor suppressor with respect to its ligand. Conclusively, this holistic piece of literature attempts to potentiate AhR as a promising pharmacological target in BC and updates on the therapeutic manipulation of its various exogenous and endogenous ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prarthana Chatterjee
- School of BioSciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore- 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Satarupa Banerjee
- School of BioSciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore- 632014, Tamil Nadu, India.
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14
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Sridharan B, Lim HG. Advances in photoacoustic imaging aided by nano contrast agents: special focus on role of lymphatic system imaging for cancer theranostics. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:437. [PMID: 37986071 PMCID: PMC10662568 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02192-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is a successful clinical imaging platform for management of cancer and other health conditions that has seen significant progress in the past decade. However, clinical translation of PAI based methods are still under scrutiny as the imaging quality and clinical information derived from PA images are not on par with other imaging methods. Hence, to improve PAI, exogenous contrast agents, in the form of nanomaterials, are being used to achieve better image with less side effects, lower accumulation, and improved target specificity. Nanomedicine has become inevitable in cancer management, as it contributes at every stage from diagnosis to therapy, surgery, and even in the postoperative care and surveillance for recurrence. Nanocontrast agents for PAI have been developed and are being explored for early and improved cancer diagnosis. The systemic stability and target specificity of the nanomaterials to render its theranostic property depends on various influencing factors such as the administration route and physico-chemical responsiveness. The recent focus in PAI is on targeting the lymphatic system and nodes for cancer diagnosis, as they play a vital role in cancer progression and metastasis. This review aims to discuss the clinical advancements of PAI using nanoparticles as exogenous contrast agents for cancer theranostics with emphasis on PAI of lymphatic system for diagnosis, cancer progression, metastasis, PAI guided tumor resection, and finally PAI guided drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Badrinathan Sridharan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Gyun Lim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Lascano D, Zobel MJ, Lee WG, Chen SY, Zamora A, Asuelime GE, Choi SY, Chronopoulos A, Asgharzadeh S, Marachelian A, Park J, Sheard MA, Kim ES. Anti-CCL2 antibody combined with etoposide prolongs survival in a minimal residual disease mouse model of neuroblastoma. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19915. [PMID: 37964011 PMCID: PMC10645976 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46968-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) is a monocyte chemoattractant that promotes metastatic disease and portends a poor prognosis in many cancers. To determine the potential of anti-CCL2 inhibition as a therapy for recurrent metastatic disease in neuroblastoma, a mouse model of minimal residual disease was utilized in which residual disease was treated with anti-CCL2 monoclonal antibody with etoposide. The effect of anti-CCL2 antibody on neuroblastoma cells was determined in vitro with cell proliferation, transwell migration, and 2-dimensional chemotaxis migration assays. The in vivo efficacy of anti-CCL2 antibody and etoposide against neuroblastoma was assessed following resection of primary tumors formed by two cell lines or a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) in immunodeficient NOD-scid gamma mice. In vitro, anti-CCL2 antibody did not affect cell proliferation but significantly inhibited neuroblastoma cell and monocyte migration towards an increasing CCL2 concentration gradient. Treatment of mice with anti-CCL2 antibody combined with etoposide significantly increased survival of mice after resection of primary tumors, compared to untreated mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danny Lascano
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michael J Zobel
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - William G Lee
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Stephanie Y Chen
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Abigail Zamora
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Grace E Asuelime
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - So Yung Choi
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Research Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Antonios Chronopoulos
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shahab Asgharzadeh
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Araz Marachelian
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jinseok Park
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michael A Sheard
- The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Eugene S Kim
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 116 N. Robertson Blvd, Suite PACT 700, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA.
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16
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Gastélum-López MDLÁ, Aguilar-Medina M, García Mata C, López-Gutiérrez J, Romero-Quintana G, Bermúdez M, Avendaño-Felix M, López-Camarillo C, Pérez-Plascencia C, Beltrán AS, Ramos-Payán R. Organotypic 3D Cell-Architecture Impacts the Expression Pattern of miRNAs-mRNAs Network in Breast Cancer SKBR3 Cells. Noncoding RNA 2023; 9:66. [PMID: 37987362 PMCID: PMC10661268 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna9060066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, most of the research on breast cancer has been carried out in conventional two-dimensional (2D) cell cultures due to its practical benefits, however, the three-dimensional (3D) cell culture is becoming the model of choice in cancer research because it allows cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions, mimicking the native microenvironment of tumors in vivo. METHODS In this work, we evaluated the effect of 3D cell organization on the expression pattern of miRNAs (by Small-RNAseq) and mRNAs (by microarrays) in the breast cancer SKBR3 cell line and analyzed the biological processes and signaling pathways regulated by the differentially expressed protein-coding genes (DE-mRNAs) and miRNAs (DE-microRNAs) found in the organoids. RESULTS We obtained well-defined cell-aggregated organoids with a grape cluster-like morphology with a size up to 9.2 × 105 μm3. The transcriptomic assays showed that cell growth in organoids significantly affected (all p < 0.01) the gene expression patterns of both miRNAs, and mRNAs, finding 20 upregulated and 19 downregulated DE-microRNAs, as well as 49 upregulated and 123 downregulated DE-mRNAs. In silico analysis showed that a subset of 11 upregulated DE-microRNAs target 70 downregulated DE-mRNAs. These genes are involved in 150 gene ontology (GO) biological processes such as regulation of cell morphogenesis, regulation of cell shape, regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway, morphogenesis of epithelium, regulation of cytoskeleton organization, as well as in the MAPK and AGE-RAGE signaling KEGG-pathways. Interestingly, hsa-mir-122-5p (Fold Change (FC) = 15.4), hsa-mir-369-3p (FC = 11.4), and hsa-mir-10b-5p (FC = 20.1) regulated up to 81% of the 70 downregulated DE-mRNAs. CONCLUSION The organotypic 3D cell-organization architecture of breast cancer SKBR3 cells impacts the expression pattern of the miRNAs-mRNAs network mainly through overexpression of hsa-mir-122-5p, hsa-mir-369-3p, and hsa-mir-10b-5p. All these findings suggest that the interaction between cell-cell and cell-ECM as well as the change in the culture architecture impacts gene expression, and, therefore, support the pertinence of migrating breast cancer research from conventional cultures to 3D models.
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Affiliation(s)
- María de los Ángeles Gastélum-López
- Faculty of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Josefa Ortiz de Domínguez s/n y Avenida de las Américas, Culiacan 80013, Sinaloa, Mexico (M.A.-M.); (G.R.-Q.); (M.A.-F.)
| | - Maribel Aguilar-Medina
- Faculty of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Josefa Ortiz de Domínguez s/n y Avenida de las Américas, Culiacan 80013, Sinaloa, Mexico (M.A.-M.); (G.R.-Q.); (M.A.-F.)
| | - Cristina García Mata
- Faculty of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Josefa Ortiz de Domínguez s/n y Avenida de las Américas, Culiacan 80013, Sinaloa, Mexico (M.A.-M.); (G.R.-Q.); (M.A.-F.)
| | - Jorge López-Gutiérrez
- Faculty of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Josefa Ortiz de Domínguez s/n y Avenida de las Américas, Culiacan 80013, Sinaloa, Mexico (M.A.-M.); (G.R.-Q.); (M.A.-F.)
| | - Geovanni Romero-Quintana
- Faculty of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Josefa Ortiz de Domínguez s/n y Avenida de las Américas, Culiacan 80013, Sinaloa, Mexico (M.A.-M.); (G.R.-Q.); (M.A.-F.)
| | - Mercedes Bermúdez
- Faculty of Dentistry, Autonomous University of Chihuahua, Av. Escorza No. 900, Centro, Chihuahua 31125, Chihuahua, Mexico;
| | - Mariana Avendaño-Felix
- Faculty of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Josefa Ortiz de Domínguez s/n y Avenida de las Américas, Culiacan 80013, Sinaloa, Mexico (M.A.-M.); (G.R.-Q.); (M.A.-F.)
| | - César López-Camarillo
- Postgraduate in Genomic Sciences, Autonomous University of Mexico City, San Lorenzo 290, Col del Valle, Mexico City 03100, Mexico;
| | - Carlos Pérez-Plascencia
- National Cancer Institute, Av. San Fernando 22, Belisario Domínguez Sec. 16, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
- FES Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Av. de los Barrios S/N, Los Reyes Ixtacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Estado de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Adriana S Beltrán
- Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Core, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
| | - Rosalío Ramos-Payán
- Faculty of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Josefa Ortiz de Domínguez s/n y Avenida de las Américas, Culiacan 80013, Sinaloa, Mexico (M.A.-M.); (G.R.-Q.); (M.A.-F.)
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17
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Kotsifaki A, Alevizopoulos N, Dimopoulou V, Armakolas A. Unveiling the Immune Microenvironment's Role in Breast Cancer: A Glimpse into Promising Frontiers. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15332. [PMID: 37895012 PMCID: PMC10607694 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC), one of the most widespread and devastating diseases affecting women worldwide, presents a significant public health challenge. This review explores the emerging frontiers of research focused on deciphering the intricate interplay between BC cells and the immune microenvironment. Understanding the role of the immune system in BC is critical as it holds promise for novel therapeutic approaches and precision medicine strategies. This review delves into the current literature regarding the immune microenvironment's contribution to BC initiation, progression, and metastasis. It examines the complex mechanisms by which BC cells interact with various immune cell populations, including tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Furthermore, this review highlights the impact of immune-related factors, such as cytokines and immune checkpoint molecules. Additionally, this comprehensive analysis sheds light on the potential biomarkers associated with the immune response in BC, enabling early diagnosis and prognostic assessment. The therapeutic implications of targeting the immune microenvironment are also explored, encompassing immunotherapeutic strategies and combination therapies to enhance treatment efficacy. The significance of this review lies in its potential to pave the way for novel therapeutic interventions, providing clinicians and researchers with essential knowledge to design targeted and personalized treatment regimens for BC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Athanasios Armakolas
- Physiology Laboratory, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (A.K.); (N.A.); (V.D.)
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18
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Mao P, Wang T, Du CW, Yu X, Wang MD. CXCL5 promotes tumorigenesis and angiogenesis of glioblastoma via JAK-STAT/NF-κb signaling pathways. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:8015-8023. [PMID: 37541997 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08671-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The tumor microenvironment contains chemokines that play a crucial role in various processes, such as tumorigenesis, inflammation, and therapy resistance, in different types of cancer. CXCL5 is a significant chemokine that has been shown to promote tumor proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis, and therapy resistance when overexpressed in various types of cancer. This research aims to investigate the impact of CXCL5 on the biological functions of glioblastoma (GBM). METHODS The TCGA GBM and GEO databases were utilized to perform transcriptome microarray analysis and oncogenic signaling pathway analysis of CXCL5 in GBM. Validation of CXCL5 expression was performed using RT-qPCR and Western Blot. The impact of CXCL5 on cell proliferation, tumorigenesis, and angiogenesis in GBM was assessed through various methods, including cell proliferation assay, cloning assay, intracranial xenograft tumor models, and tube formation assay. Clinical prognosis was evaluated in 59 samples of gliomas with varying degrees of malignancy (grades 2, 3, and 4) and the TCGA GBM database, based on CXCL5 expression levels. The activities of the JAK-STAT and NF-κB signaling pathways were detected using Western Blot. RESULTS The expression of CXCL5 was highly enriched in GBM. Moreover, the inhibition of CXCL5 showed a significant efficacy in suppressing cellular proliferation and angiogenesis, resulting in extended survival rates in xenograft mouse models in comparison to the control group. Notably, pretreatment with dapsone exhibited a reversal of the impact of CXCL5 on the formation of colonies and tubes in GBM cells. Elevated expression of CXCL5 was correlated with poor outcomes in GBM patients. Furthermore, the overexpression of CXCL5 has been associated with the activation of JAK-STAT and NF-κB signaling pathways. CONCLUSIONS CXCL5 plays an important role in tumorigenesis and angiogenesis, indicating the potential for novel therapies targeting CXCL5 in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Mao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Tuo Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chang-Wang Du
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiao Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mao-De Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
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19
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Li J, Ramzan F, Zhong G. Investigating novel biomarkers in uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma: in silico analysis and clinical specimens validation via RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry. Am J Cancer Res 2023; 13:4376-4400. [PMID: 37818076 PMCID: PMC10560950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The rising incidence and mortality rate of Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma (UCEC) pose significant health concerns. CC and CXC chemokines have been linked to tumorigenesis and cancer progression. Recognizing the growing significance of CC and CXC chemokines' diagnostic and prognostic significance in diverse cancer types, our objective was to comprehensively analyze the diagnostic and prognostic values of hub genes from the CC and CXC chemokines in UCEC, utilizing both in silico and clinical samples and cell lines-based approaches. In silico analyses include STRING, Cytoscape, Cytohubba, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets analysis via the UALCAN, GEPIA, OncoDB, and MuTarget, SurvivalGenie, MEXPRESS, cBioPoratal, TIMER, ENCORI, and DrugBank. Meanwhile, clinical samples and cell lines based analyses include Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), targeted bisulfite sequencing (bisulfite-seq) analysis, and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Through present study, we identified CCL25 (CC motif chemokine ligand 25), CXCL10 (C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10), CXCL12 (C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12), and CXCL16 (C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 16) as crucial hub genes among the CC and CXC chemokines. Analyzing the expression data from TCGA, we observed a significant up-regulation of CCL25, CXCL10, and CXCL16 in UCEC samples compared to controls. In contrast, we noted a significant down-regulation of CXCL12 expression in UCEC samples. On clinical UCEC samples and cell lines analysis, the significant higher expression of CCL25, CXCL10, and CXCL16 and significant lower expression of CXCL12 were also denoted in UCEC samples than the controls via RT-qPCR and IHC analyses. Moreover, in silico analysis also confirmed the abnormal promoter methylation levels of the hub genes in TCGA UCEC samples, which was later validated by the clinical samples using targeted based bisulfite-seq analysis. In addition, various additional aspects of the CCL25, CXCL10, CXCL12, and CXCL16 have also been uncovered in UCEC during the present study. Our findings offer novel insights that contribute to the clinical utility of CCL25, CXCL10, CXCL12, and CXCL16 chemokines as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in UCEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Health Management Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical UniversityHaikou 570311, Hainan, China
| | - Faiqah Ramzan
- Gomal Center of Bio-Chemistry and Biotechnology (GCBB), Gomal UniversityDera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan
| | - Guiping Zhong
- Health Management Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical UniversityHaikou 570311, Hainan, China
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20
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Wess J, Oteng AB, Rivera-Gonzalez O, Gurevich EV, Gurevich VV. β-Arrestins: Structure, Function, Physiology, and Pharmacological Perspectives. Pharmacol Rev 2023; 75:854-884. [PMID: 37028945 PMCID: PMC10441628 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.121.000302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The two β-arrestins, β-arrestin-1 and -2 (systematic names: arrestin-2 and -3, respectively), are multifunctional intracellular proteins that regulate the activity of a very large number of cellular signaling pathways and physiologic functions. The two proteins were discovered for their ability to disrupt signaling via G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) via binding to the activated receptors. However, it is now well recognized that both β-arrestins can also act as direct modulators of numerous cellular processes via either GPCR-dependent or -independent mechanisms. Recent structural, biophysical, and biochemical studies have provided novel insights into how β-arrestins bind to activated GPCRs and downstream effector proteins. Studies with β-arrestin mutant mice have identified numerous physiologic and pathophysiological processes regulated by β-arrestin-1 and/or -2. Following a short summary of recent structural studies, this review primarily focuses on β-arrestin-regulated physiologic functions, with particular focus on the central nervous system and the roles of β-arrestins in carcinogenesis and key metabolic processes including the maintenance of glucose and energy homeostasis. This review also highlights potential therapeutic implications of these studies and discusses strategies that could prove useful for targeting specific β-arrestin-regulated signaling pathways for therapeutic purposes. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The two β-arrestins, structurally closely related intracellular proteins that are evolutionarily highly conserved, have emerged as multifunctional proteins able to regulate a vast array of cellular and physiological functions. The outcome of studies with β-arrestin mutant mice and cultured cells, complemented by novel insights into β-arrestin structure and function, should pave the way for the development of novel classes of therapeutically useful drugs capable of regulating specific β-arrestin functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Wess
- Molecular Signaling Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland (J.W., A.-B.O., O.R.-G.); and Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee (E.V.G., V.V.G.)
| | - Antwi-Boasiako Oteng
- Molecular Signaling Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland (J.W., A.-B.O., O.R.-G.); and Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee (E.V.G., V.V.G.)
| | - Osvaldo Rivera-Gonzalez
- Molecular Signaling Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland (J.W., A.-B.O., O.R.-G.); and Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee (E.V.G., V.V.G.)
| | - Eugenia V Gurevich
- Molecular Signaling Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland (J.W., A.-B.O., O.R.-G.); and Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee (E.V.G., V.V.G.)
| | - Vsevolod V Gurevich
- Molecular Signaling Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland (J.W., A.-B.O., O.R.-G.); and Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee (E.V.G., V.V.G.)
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21
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KUDO A, SAWAHATA H, YOSHIMOTO S, YAMAUCHI A, OSHITA R, KANAI E, TAKAGI S. Evaluation of the influence of the C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 / C-X-C chemokine receptor 4 axis on canine mammary gland tumor cell migration. J Vet Med Sci 2023; 85:837-843. [PMID: 37302847 PMCID: PMC10466059 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.23-0126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12) is one of the chemokines that binds to C-X-C chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) on tumor cell membranes and induces chemotaxis and/or migration. Mammary gland tumors (MGT) are the most common neoplasms in intact female dogs, with local invasion and distant metastasis regarded as problems. However, the influence of the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis on canine MGT cell migration has not been elucidated. This study aimed to evaluate the expression of CXCL12 and CXCR4 in canine MGT cells and tissues and investigate the influence of CXCL12 protein on the migratory ability of MGT cells. CXCL12 expression was evaluated in 10 canine malignant MGT tissues. CXCL12 expression in tumor cells was identified in all examined tissues; however, the staining pattern and intensity differed between the tumors. Immunocytochemistry revealed three canine MGT cell lines as CXCR4-positive. Migratory ability was evaluated using a wound healing assay, and the migration of CXCR4-positive MGT cells was significantly activated by the addition of CXCL12 protein. This influence was canceled by pre-treatment with a CXCR4 antagonist. The results of our study suggest that the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis may be associated with the migration of canine MGT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayano KUDO
- Laboratory of Small Animal Surgery, School of Veterinary
Medicine, Azabu University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroki SAWAHATA
- Laboratory of Small Animal Surgery, School of Veterinary
Medicine, Azabu University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Sho YOSHIMOTO
- Laboratory of Small Animal Surgery, School of Veterinary
Medicine, Azabu University, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine,
School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Akinori YAMAUCHI
- Laboratory of Small Animal Surgery, School of Veterinary
Medicine, Azabu University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ryo OSHITA
- Laboratory of Small Animal Surgery, School of Veterinary
Medicine, Azabu University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Eiichi KANAI
- Laboratory of Small Animal Surgery, School of Veterinary
Medicine, Azabu University, Kanagawa, Japan
- Azabu University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, School of
Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Satoshi TAKAGI
- Laboratory of Small Animal Surgery, School of Veterinary
Medicine, Azabu University, Kanagawa, Japan
- Azabu University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, School of
Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Kanagawa, Japan
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22
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Iurchenko NP, Nesina IP, Glushchenko NМ, Buchynska LG. ROLE OF STROMAL MICROENVIRONMENT IN THE FORMATION OF INVASIVE, ANGIOGENIC, AND METASTATIC POTENTIAL OF ENDOMETRIOID CARCINOMA OF ENDOMETRIUM. Exp Oncol 2023; 45:51-61. [PMID: 37417282 DOI: 10.15407/exp-oncology.2023.01.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine the association of indicators of the progression of endometrioid carcinoma of the endometrium (ECE) with the type of stromal microenvironment, the counts of CXCL12+ fibroblasts and CD163+ macrophages, and the expression of the chemokine CXCL12 and its receptor CXCR4 in tumor cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Histological preparations of ECE samples (n = 51) were analyzed. Expression of CXCL2 and CXCR4 antigens in tumor cells, the content of CXCL12+ fibroblasts and CD163+ macrophages, and the density of microvessels were determined by the immunohistochemical method. RESULTS Groups of ECE with desmoplastic and inflammatory stromal reactions were delineated. The majority (80.0%) of tumors with desmoplasia were of low differentiation grade, deeply invading the myometrium; 65.0% of patients with these tumors were at stage III of the disease. In ECE cases of stages I-II, 77.4% of ECE showed an inflammatory type of stroma. The high angiogenic and invasive potential of EC of stages I-II was associated with an inflammatory stromal type, high counts of CD163+ macrophages and CXCL12+ fibroblasts in the tumor microenvironment, high expression of the chemokine receptor CXCR4, and reduced expression of its ligand CXCL12 in tumor cells. In the majority of EC of stage III, the increase in angiogenic, invasive, and metastatic potential was accompanied by the presence of desmoplastic stroma, increased expression of CXCR4 in tumor cells, and a high count of CXCL12+ fibroblasts. CONCLUSIONS The obtained results showed that the morphological architecture of the stromal ECE component is related to the molecular features of its constituents and tumor cells. Their interaction modulates the phenotypic characteristics of ECE associated with the degree of malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- N P Iurchenko
- R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv 03022, Ukraine
| | - I P Nesina
- R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv 03022, Ukraine
| | - N М Glushchenko
- R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv 03022, Ukraine
| | - L G Buchynska
- R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv 03022, Ukraine
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23
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Lee WG, Evans LL, Johnson SM, Woo RK. The Evolving Use of Magnets in Surgery: Biomedical Considerations and a Review of Their Current Applications. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10040442. [PMID: 37106629 PMCID: PMC10136001 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10040442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The novel use of magnetic force to optimize modern surgical techniques originated in the 1970s. Since then, magnets have been utilized as an adjunct or alternative to a wide array of existing surgical procedures, ranging from gastrointestinal to vascular surgery. As the use of magnets in surgery continues to grow, the body of knowledge on magnetic surgical devices from preclinical development to clinical implementation has expanded significantly; however, the current magnetic surgical devices can be organized based on their core function: serving as a guidance system, creating a new connection, recreating a physiologic function, or utilization of an internal–external paired magnet system. The purpose of this article is to discuss the biomedical considerations during magnetic device development and review the current surgical applications of magnetic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- William G. Lee
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Lauren L. Evans
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Sidney M. Johnson
- Department of Surgery, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Russell K. Woo
- Department of Surgery, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
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24
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Sigin VO, Kalinkin AI, Nikolaeva AF, Ignatova EO, Kuznetsova EB, Chesnokova GG, Litviakov NV, Tsyganov MM, Ibragimova MK, Vinogradov II, Vinogradov MI, Vinogradov IY, Zaletaev DV, Nemtsova MV, Kutsev SI, Tanas AS, Strelnikov VV. DNA Methylation and Prospects for Predicting the Therapeutic Effect of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Triple-Negative and Luminal B Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15051630. [PMID: 36900421 PMCID: PMC10001080 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15051630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer (BC), the main cause of deaths is resistance to existing therapies. An approach to improve the effectiveness of therapy in patients with aggressive BC subtypes is neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). Yet, the response to NACT for aggressive subtypes is less than 65% according to large clinical trials. An obvious fact is the lack of biomarkers predicting the therapeutic effect of NACT. In a search for epigenetic markers, we performed genome-wide differential methylation screening by XmaI-RRBS in cohorts of NACT responders and nonresponders, for triple-negative (TN) and luminal B tumors. The predictive potential of the most discriminative loci was further assessed in independent cohorts by methylation-sensitive restriction enzyme quantitative PCR (MSRE-qPCR), a promising method for the implementation of DNA methylation markers in diagnostic laboratories. The selected most informative individual markers were combined into panels demonstrating cvAUC = 0.83 (TMEM132D and MYO15B markers panel) for TN tumors and cvAUC = 0.76 (TTC34, LTBR and CLEC14A) for luminal B tumors. The combination of methylation markers with clinical features that correlate with NACT effect (clinical stage for TN and lymph node status for luminal B tumors) produces better classifiers, with cvAUC = 0.87 for TN tumors and cvAUC = 0.83 for luminal B tumors. Thus, clinical characteristics predictive of NACT response are independently additive to the epigenetic classifier and in combination improve prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir O. Sigin
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-916-279-5124
| | | | | | - Ekaterina O. Ignatova
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia
- N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, 115478 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina B. Kuznetsova
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119992 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Nikolai V. Litviakov
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634009 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Matvey M. Tsyganov
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634009 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Marina K. Ibragimova
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634009 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Ilya I. Vinogradov
- Regional Clinical Oncology Dispensary, 390011 Ryazan, Russia
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Ryazan State Medical University, 390026 Ryazan, Russia
| | | | - Igor Y. Vinogradov
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Ryazan State Medical University, 390026 Ryazan, Russia
| | | | - Marina V. Nemtsova
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119992 Moscow, Russia
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25
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Khanal P, Patil VS, Bhandare VV, Patil PP, Patil BM, Dwivedi PSR, Bhattacharya K, Harish DR, Roy S. Systems and in vitro pharmacology profiling of diosgenin against breast cancer. Front Pharmacol 2023; 13:1052849. [PMID: 36686654 PMCID: PMC9846155 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1052849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: The purpose of this study was to establish a mode of action for diosgenin against breast cancer employing a range of system biology tools and to corroborate its results with experimental facts. Methodology: The diosgenin-regulated domains implicated in breast cancer were enriched in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database to establish diosgenin-protein(s)-pathway(s) associations. Later, molecular docking and the lead complexes were considered for molecular dynamics simulations, MMPBSA, principal component, and dynamics cross-correlation matrix analysis using GROMACS v2021. Furthermore, survival analysis was carried out for the diosgenin-regulated proteins that were anticipated to be involved in breast cancer. For gene expression analyses, the top three targets with the highest binding affinity for diosgenin and tumor expression were examined. Furthermore, the effect of diosgenin on cell proliferation, cytotoxicity, and the partial Warburg effect was tested to validate the computational findings using functional outputs of the lead targets. Results: The protein-protein interaction had 57 edges, an average node degree of 5.43, and a p-value of 3.83e-14. Furthermore, enrichment analysis showed 36 KEGG pathways, 12 cellular components, 27 molecular functions, and 307 biological processes. In network analysis, three hub proteins were notably modulated: IGF1R, MDM2, and SRC, diosgenin with the highest binding affinity with IGF1R (binding energy -8.6 kcal/mol). Furthermore, during the 150 ns molecular dynamics (MD) projection run, diosgenin exhibited robust intermolecular interactions and had the least free binding energy with IGF1R (-35.143 kcal/mol) compared to MDM2 (-34.619 kcal/mol), and SRC (-17.944 kcal/mol). Diosgenin exhibited the highest cytotoxicity against MCF7 cell lines (IC50 12.05 ± 1.33) µg/ml. Furthermore, in H2O2-induced oxidative stress, the inhibitory constant (IC50 7.68 ± 0.51) µg/ml of diosgenin was lowest in MCF7 cell lines. However, the reversal of the Warburg effect by diosgenin seemed to be maximum in non-cancer Vero cell lines (EC50 15.27 ± 0.95) µg/ml compared to the rest. Furthermore, diosgenin inhibited cell proliferation in SKBR3 cell lines more though. Conclusion: The current study demonstrated that diosgenin impacts a series of signaling pathways, involved in the advancement of breast cancer, including FoxO, PI3K-Akt, p53, Ras, and MAPK signaling. Additionally, diosgenin established a persistent diosgenin-protein complex and had a significant binding affinity towards IGF1R, MDM2, and SRC. It is possible that this slowed down cell growth, countered the Warburg phenomenon, and showed the cytotoxicity towards breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pukar Khanal
- Department of Pharmacology, NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (NGSMIPS), Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India,*Correspondence: Pukar Khanal, ; Darasaguppe R. Harish,
| | - Vishal S. Patil
- ICMR-National Institute of Traditional Medicine, Belagavi, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Priyanka P. Patil
- Department of Pharmacology, KLE College of Pharmacy Belagavi, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research (KAHER), Belagavi, India
| | - B. M. Patil
- PRES’s Pravara Rural College of Pharmacy Pravaranagar, Loni, Maharashtra, India
| | - Prarambh S. R. Dwivedi
- Department of Pharmacology, NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (NGSMIPS), Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
| | - Kunal Bhattacharya
- Pratiksha Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guwahati, Assam, India,Royal School of Pharmacy, The Assam Royal Global University, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Darasaguppe R. Harish
- ICMR-National Institute of Traditional Medicine, Belagavi, Karnataka, India,*Correspondence: Pukar Khanal, ; Darasaguppe R. Harish,
| | - Subarna Roy
- ICMR-National Institute of Traditional Medicine, Belagavi, Karnataka, India
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26
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Sun Y, Yang M, Zhang Q. Analysis of C-X-C motif chemokine receptors in breast cancer: potential value in immunotherapy and prognostic prediction. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022; 10:1379. [PMID: 36660642 PMCID: PMC9843366 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-6056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background The concept of individualized therapy has advanced the development of prognostic biomarkers to manage patients with breast cancer (BRCA). Immunotherapy has shown great potential in treating BRCA, and the C-X-C motif chemokine receptor (CXCR) has generated interest in regulating tumor progression through the immune microenvironment. Although CXCRs were utilized for prognosis prediction in glioma with favourable capability, the prognostic and therapeutic role of CXCR in BRCA is unclear. Methods We used The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database to analyze 1,095 BRCA patients' transcription, mutation, survival time and survival status. Estimation of STromal and Immune cells in MAlignant Tumor tissues using Expression data (ESTIMATE), Cell-type Identification by Estimating Relative Subsets of RNA Transcripts (CIBERSORT), quanTIseq, and Estimating the Proportion of Immune and Cancer cells (EPIC) algorithms were performed to infer the association of CXCR genes with immune cells. We randomly divided the TCGA dataset into a training set and a validation set according to 1:1, constructed a LASSO Cox regression model based on CXCR family genes using the glmnet R package in the training set, assembled clinical variables to draw a visual Nomogram using the R package rms, and validated the model by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration curves with clinical decision curves in the validation set efficacy. Results Compared to normal samples, CXCR3/4/5 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels were upregulated in BRCA samples, whereas CXCR1/2 mRNA expression levels were downregulated. High CXCR3/5/6 expression was associated with a good prognosis. Subsequently, we divided the CXCRs into 2 molecular subgroups based on their expression patterns and explored prognosis, immune infiltration, functional enrichment, hallmarks, and immune response differentiation between the two subgroups. After LASSO Cox regression modeling, a CXCR score predicting overall survival (OS) was constructed, and the predictive accuracy was assessed. By pooling clinical variables, a nomogram individual risk assessment method was established to measure the identification of genuinely high-risk patients who should receive interventions. Conclusions In summary, CXCR genes were associated with immune infiltration and survival in BRCA patients, and our CXCR-based prognostic model could better predict the prognosis of BRCA patients and provide potential immunotherapy targets for clinical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutian Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qingyuan Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China;,Institute of Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China;,Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China
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27
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Zhao R, Xie C, Gong Y, Wei S, Yuan M, Gan J, Chen W. A Novel Inflammatory Response-Related Gene Signature Predicts Immune Status and Prognosis of Breast Cancer. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:5468858. [PMID: 36467500 PMCID: PMC9711960 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5468858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related death in women worldwide. In this study, we aimed to construct an inflammatory response-related gene model for predicting the immune status and prognosis of breast cancer patients. METHODS We obtained the inflammatory response-related genes from the Molecular Signatures Database. Furthermore, we used univariate Cox regression analysis, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis, and multivariate Cox regression to construct an inflammatory response-related gene signature (IRGS) model based on dataset obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Patients were consequently categorized into high-risk and low-risk groups. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to compare the overall survival (OS) of high-risk and low-risk groups. Following that, we validated the model using a dataset (GSE96058) acquired from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses were used to determine the independent prognostic value of the IRGS in the TCGA and GSE96058 cohorts. A nomogram was constructed to predict the OS in the TCGA cohort. Further, we used Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), CIBERSORT, and single-sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA) to evaluate the associations of IRGS with immune-associated pathways and immune infiltration. Finally, the relationship between the expression of the signature genes and drug sensitivity was conducted using Pearson correlation analysis. RESULTS We established an IRGS to stratify breast cancer patients into the low-risk and high-risk groups. In both the training and validation sets, patients in the high-risk group had significantly shorter OS than those in the low-risk group. The risk score was significantly correlated with the clinical characteristics and could be used as a tool to predict the prognosis of breast cancer. Moreover, we found that the IRGS risk score was an independent predictor of OS in breast cancer patients, and a nomogram model based on IRGS risk score and other clinical factors could effectively predict the prognosis of breast cancer patients. Furthermore, the IRGS risk score was correlated with immune characteristics and was inversely associated with the abundance of immune cell infiltration. Patients with a low IRGS risk score had higher expression levels of immune checkpoint genes, suggesting that IRGS can be used as a potential indicator for immunotherapy. Finally, we found that the expression levels of prognostic genes were significantly correlated with tumor cell sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs. CONCLUSION Overall, these findings suggest that the IRGS can be used to predict the prognosis and immune status of breast cancer patients and provide new therapeutic targets for the treatment of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijun Zhao
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Third Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, China
| | - Chaoyu Xie
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Gong
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Third Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, China
| | - Songzhi Wei
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, China
| | - Mei Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, Xinfeng People's Hospital, Ganzhou, China
| | - Jinfeng Gan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Microenvironmental Regulation, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Wenyan Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, China
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Motyka J, Gacuta E, Kicman A, Kulesza M, Ławicki P, Ławicki S. Plasma Levels of CXC Motif Chemokine 1 (CXCL1) and Chemokine 8 (CXCL8) as Diagnostic Biomarkers in Luminal A and B Breast Cancer. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11226694. [PMID: 36431173 PMCID: PMC9693547 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11226694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokines are involved in the regulation of immune balance and in triggering an immune response. CXCL1 and CXCL8 belong to the ELR-motif-containing group of CXC chemokines, which, in breast cancer (BC), stimulate angiogenesis and increase migration and invasiveness of tumor cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate CXCL1, CXCL8 and comparative marker CA 15-3 plasma concentrations in BC patients with luminal subtypes A and B. The study group consisted of 100 patients with BC, and the control group of 50 subjects with benign breast lesions and 50 healthy women. Chemokines concentrations were determined by ELISA method; CA15-3-by CMIA. Concentrations of CXCL8 and CA15-3 were significantly higher in BC total group and luminal B (for CA15-3 also in luminal A) subtype of BC than in healthy controls and subjects with benign lesions. In the total BC group, the highest SE, PPV and NPV were observed for CXCL8 (70%, 77.78%, 50%, resp.). A combined analysis of tested chemokines with CA 15-3 increased SE and NPV values (96%, 69.23%, resp.). The diagnostic power of the test (measured by area under ROC curve (AUC)) showed the highest value for CXCL8 in the total BC group (0.6410), luminal A (0.6120) and B subgroup of BC (0.6700). For the combined parameter, the AUC was increasing and reached the highest value for CXCL1 + CXCL8 + CA15-3 combination (0.7024). In light of these results, we suggest that CXCL8 could be used as an additional diagnostic marker that would positively influence the diagnostic utility of CA 15-3, especially in luminal B subtype of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Motyka
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Ewa Gacuta
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecological Oncology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Kicman
- Department of Aesthetic Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-267 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Monika Kulesza
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Paweł Ławicki
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Sławomir Ławicki
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
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Chen R, Wang X, Fu J, Liang M, Xia T. High FLT3 expression indicates favorable prognosis and correlates with clinicopathological parameters and immune infiltration in breast cancer. Front Genet 2022; 13:956869. [PMID: 36159964 PMCID: PMC9499177 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.956869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Breast cancer is a highly heterogeneous malignancy, seriously threatening female health worldwide and inducing higher mortalities. Few have the studies evaluated Fms-like TyrosineKinase-3 (FLT3) in prognostic risk, immunotherapy or any other treatment of breast cancer. Our study focused on investigating the function of FLT3 in breast cancer. Patients and methods: Based on transcriptome and methylation data mined from The Cancer Gene Atlas (TCGA), we explored the clinical features of FLT3 expression in 1079 breast cancer samples. RT-qPCR in cell lines and tissue samples was used to verify the expression difference of FLT3. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and cox regression models were employed for screening of FLT3 with potential prognostic capacity. Subsequently, functional analysis of the co-expressed genes was conducted using Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and gene-set enrichment analysis (GSEA). The correlation between FLT3 expression and tumor immune infiltration was jointly analyzed with estimate, ssGSEA, TIMER, and TISIDB. Then we employed checkpoint-related molecules, immunophenoscore (IPS), and tumor mutation burden (TMB) to assess the efficacy of immuno-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Pearson correlation coefficient was employed to exam the association between DNA methylation and FLT3 expression. Results: FLT3 displays an elevated expression in breast cancer than normal pairs and is significantly associated with multiple clinical characteristics like age, menopause status, histological type, pathological stage, and molecular subtype as well as increased overall survival (OS). Additionally, FLT3 is a favorable independent prognostic factor. GO, KEGG, and GSEA suggested that FLT3 was associated with diversified immune-related features. FLT3 expression is correlated with the abundance of various immune cells namely CD4+T cell, CD8+ T cell, myeloid dendritic cell, and neutrophil as well as immune inhibitors especially CTLA4, which is positively correlated with FLT3 expression. Moreover, TMB displayed a negative correlation with FLT3 expression while IPS showed adverse tendency. Ultimately, the methylation of FLT3 downregulates the gene expression and closely binds to a few clinical parameters. Conclusion: FLT3 can be used for prognostic prediction and is relevant to immune infiltration in breast cancer. FLT3 may pave the way for future novel immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinyang Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jingyue Fu
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengdi Liang
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tiansong Xia
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Tiansong Xia,
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Invernizzi M, Lippi L, Folli A, Turco A, Zattoni L, Maconi A, de Sire A, Fusco N. Integrating molecular biomarkers in breast cancer rehabilitation. What is the current evidence? A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:930361. [PMID: 36158576 PMCID: PMC9493088 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.930361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Quality of life issues is a crucial burden in breast cancer (BC) survivors with relevant implications in terms of survivorship and health-care costs. The increasing long-term survival of these patients provides new challenges, with translational research now focusing on innovative and tailored approaches to improve their complex management. In this scenario, several emerging biomarkers have the potential to improve the clinical rehabilitative management of patients with BC. However, to date, guidelines supporting biomarker implementation in this area are still lacking. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review was to summarize the currently available biomarkers that might be potentially integrated into rehabilitation practice to promote a precision medicine approach to BC survivorship issues. Methods: On 9th March 2022, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, and PEDro were systematically searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing rehabilitation interventions in BC patients. Molecular biomarker modifications induced by physical exercise have been assessed through the review of the study protocols and published results. The Jadad scale was used to assess the quality of the studies included. Results: Out of 2,224 records, 22 studies were included in the present systematic review. Exercise therapy showed significant results in 15 RCTs, in terms of metabolic biomarkers, including glycemic and insulin profile, and lipid profile (p ≤ 0.05). Similarly, 12 studies underlined significant effects in inflammation and immune response biomarkers, including TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, C-reactive protein, leptin, and adiponectin (p ≤ 0.05). On the other hand, cardiac biomarkers were assessed in three studies without reporting significant differences after exercise therapy (p = NS). The quality assessment identified 19 RCTs as high-quality studies and three RCTs of low quality. Conclusion: Our findings reveal significant biochemical perturbations in key molecules induced by physical exercise in patients with BC, suggesting room for the implementation of actionable biomarkers. Future research might clarify the role of biomarkers on treatment effectiveness monitoring, to optimize rehabilitative strategies tailored to patient’s needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Invernizzi
- Physical and Rehabilitative Medicine, Department of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont “A. Avogadro”, Novara, Italy
- Dipartimento Attività Integrate Ricerca e Innovazione (DAIRI), Translational Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliera SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, Alessandria, Italy
- *Correspondence: Marco Invernizzi,
| | - Lorenzo Lippi
- Physical and Rehabilitative Medicine, Department of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont “A. Avogadro”, Novara, Italy
- Dipartimento Attività Integrate Ricerca e Innovazione (DAIRI), Translational Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliera SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Arianna Folli
- Physical and Rehabilitative Medicine, Department of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont “A. Avogadro”, Novara, Italy
| | - Alessio Turco
- Physical and Rehabilitative Medicine, Department of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont “A. Avogadro”, Novara, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Zattoni
- Division of Pathology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Maconi
- Dipartimento Attività Integrate Ricerca e Innovazione (DAIRI), Translational Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliera SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Alessandro de Sire
- Physical and Rehabilitative Medicine Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro “Magna Graecia”, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Nicola Fusco
- Division of Pathology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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A m 6A methyltransferase-mediated immune signature determines prognosis, immune landscape and immunotherapy efficacy in patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2022; 45:931-949. [PMID: 35969350 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-022-00697-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the most abundant modification in mRNA, the N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification is involved in the occurrence and development of various tumors. However, the underlying functions of this alteration in the immune microenvironment of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remain unknown. METHODS We identified m6A-mediated immune genes by performing a correlation analysis. Next, a m6A-mediated immune model was constructed using multiple machine learning algorithms, including univariate, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, and multivariate Cox regression analyses. The potential of this model to predict the immune landscapes, drug sensitivities, and immunotherapy responses of different LUAD risk groups was studied. RESULTS A m6A-mediated immune model containing 13 m6A-mediated immune genes was established and found to be an independent predictor of survival time. The prognosis of low-risk patients was significantly better than that of high-risk patients. These two risk groups displayed different immune environments, genomic backgrounds, chemotherapy responses and immunotherapy response tendencies. The low- and high-risk groups strongly corresponded to the immune-hot and immune-cold phenotypes, respectively. The low-risk group was more enriched in immune-related biological processes, and the high-risk group was more enriched in proliferation-related biological processes. Furthermore, low-risk patients responded better to immunotherapy based on the results obtained from the tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion (TIDE) algorithm and subclass mapping algorithm using five external independent immunotherapy cohorts. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the m6A modification participates in regulating the tumor microenvironment. The m6A-mediated immune model may be useful to predict the immunotherapy responses and outcomes of patients with LUAD.
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Ura B, Capaci V, Aloisio M, Di Lorenzo G, Romano F, Ricci G, Monasta L. A Targeted Proteomics Approach for Screening Serum Biomarkers Observed in the Early Stage of Type I Endometrial Cancer. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10081857. [PMID: 36009404 PMCID: PMC9405144 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10081857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynecologic malignancy, and it arises in the inner part of the uterus. Identification of serum biomarkers is essential for diagnosing the disease at an early stage. In this study, we selected 44 healthy controls and 44 type I EC at tumor stage 1, and we used the Immuno-oncology panel and the Target 96 Oncology III panel to simultaneously detect the levels of 92 cancer-related proteins in serum, using a proximity extension assay. By applying this methodology, we identified 20 proteins, associated with the outcome at binary logistic regression, with a p-value below 0.01 for the first panel and 24 proteins with a p-value below 0.02 for the second one. The final multivariate logistic regression model, combining proteins from the two panels, generated a model with a sensitivity of 97.67% and a specificity of 83.72%. These results support the use of the proposed algorithm after a validation phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blendi Ura
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (V.C.); (M.A.); (G.D.L.); (F.R.); (G.R.); (L.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Valeria Capaci
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (V.C.); (M.A.); (G.D.L.); (F.R.); (G.R.); (L.M.)
| | - Michelangelo Aloisio
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (V.C.); (M.A.); (G.D.L.); (F.R.); (G.R.); (L.M.)
| | - Giovanni Di Lorenzo
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (V.C.); (M.A.); (G.D.L.); (F.R.); (G.R.); (L.M.)
| | - Federico Romano
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (V.C.); (M.A.); (G.D.L.); (F.R.); (G.R.); (L.M.)
| | - Giuseppe Ricci
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (V.C.); (M.A.); (G.D.L.); (F.R.); (G.R.); (L.M.)
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34129 Trieste, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Monasta
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (V.C.); (M.A.); (G.D.L.); (F.R.); (G.R.); (L.M.)
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Zhao R, Liu J, Li Z, Zhang W, Wang F, Zhang B. Recent Advances in CXCL12/CXCR4 Antagonists and Nano-Based Drug Delivery Systems for Cancer Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14081541. [PMID: 35893797 PMCID: PMC9332179 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14081541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemokines can induce chemotactic cell migration by interacting with G protein-coupled receptors to play a significant regulatory role in the development of cancer. CXC chemokine-12 (CXCL12) can specifically bind to CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) and is closely associated with the progression of cancer via multiple signaling pathways. Over recent years, many CXCR4 antagonists have been tested in clinical trials; however, Plerixafor (AMD3100) is the only drug that has been approved for marketing thus far. In this review, we first summarize the mechanisms that mediate the physiological effects of the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis. Then, we describe the use of CXCL12/CXCR4 antagonists. Finally, we discuss the use of nano-based drug delivery systems that exert action on the CXCL12/CXCR4 biological axis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Feng Wang
- Correspondence: (F.W.); (B.Z.); Tel.: +86-536-8462490 (B.Z.)
| | - Bo Zhang
- Correspondence: (F.W.); (B.Z.); Tel.: +86-536-8462490 (B.Z.)
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Xie F, Huang X, He C, Wang R, Li S. An Inflammatory Response-Related Gene Signature Reveals Distinct Survival Outcome and Tumor Microenvironment Characterization in Pancreatic Cancer. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:876607. [PMID: 35755810 PMCID: PMC9216734 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.876607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Desmoplasia or rich fibrotic stroma is a typical property of pancreatic cancer (PC), with a significant impact on tumor progression, metastasis, and chemotherapy response. Unusual inflammatory responses are considered to induce fibrosis of tissue, but the expression and clinical significance of inflammatory response-related genes in PC have not been clearly elucidated. Methods: Prognosis-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between tumor and normal tissues were identified by comparing the transcriptome data of PC samples based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) portal and the Genotype Tissue Expression (GTEx) databases. Samples from the ArrayExpress database were used as an external validation cohort. Results: A total of 27 inflammatory response-related DEGs in PC were identified. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis revealed three core genes that served as an inflammatory response gene signature (IRGS), and a risk score was calculated. The diagnostic accuracy of the IRGS was validated in the training (n = 176) and validation (n = 288) cohorts, which reliably predicted the overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) of patients with PC. Furthermore, multivariate analysis identified the risk score as an independent risk factor for OS and DFS. The comprehensive results suggested that a high IRGS score was correlated with decreased CD8+ T-cell infiltration, increased M2 macrophage infiltration, increased occurrence of stroma-activated molecular subtype and hypoxia, enriched myofibroblast-related signaling pathways, and greater benefit from gemcitabine. Conclusion: The IRGS was able to promisingly distinguish the prognosis, the tumor microenvironment characteristics, and the benefit from chemotherapy for PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengxiao Xie
- Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chaobin He
- Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruiqi Wang
- Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shengping Li
- Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Hozhabri H, Moghaddam MM, Moghaddam MM, Mohammadian A. A comprehensive bioinformatics analysis to identify potential prognostic biomarkers among CC and CXC chemokines in breast cancer. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10374. [PMID: 35725915 PMCID: PMC9209453 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14610-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is a major human health problem due to its increasing incidence and mortality rate. CC and CXC chemokines are associated with tumorigenesis and the progression of many cancers. Since the prognostic values of CC and CXC families' expression in various types of cancers are becoming increasingly evident, we aimed to conduct a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis elucidating the prognostic values of the CC and CXC families in BC. Therefore, TCGA, UALCAN, Kaplan–Meier plotter, bc-GenExMiner, cBioPortal, STRING, Enrichr, and TIMER were utilized for analysis. We found that high levels of CCL4/5/14/19/21/22 were associated with better OS and RFS, while elevated expression of CCL24 was correlated with shorter OS in BC patients. Also, high levels of CXCL9/13 indicated longer OS, and enhanced expression of CXCL12/14 was linked with better OS and RFS in BC patients. Meanwhile, increased transcription levels of CXCL8 were associated with worse OS and RFS in BC patients. In addition, our results showed that CCL5, CCL8, CCL14, CCL20, CCL27, CXCL4, and CXCL14 were notably correlated with the clinical outcomes of BC patients. Our findings provide a new point of view that may help the clinical application of CC and CXC chemokines as prognostic biomarkers in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Hozhabri
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Madiheh Mazaheri Moghaddam
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Ali Mohammadian
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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Li H, Wu M, Zhao X. Role of chemokine systems in cancer and inflammatory diseases. MedComm (Beijing) 2022; 3:e147. [PMID: 35702353 PMCID: PMC9175564 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokines are a large family of small secreted proteins that have fundamental roles in organ development, normal physiology, and immune responses upon binding to their corresponding receptors. The primary functions of chemokines are to coordinate and recruit immune cells to and from tissues and to participate in regulating interactions between immune cells. In addition to the generally recognized antimicrobial immunity, the chemokine/chemokine receptor axis also exerts a tumorigenic function in many different cancer models and is involved in the formation of immunosuppressive and protective tumor microenvironment (TME), making them potential prognostic markers for various hematologic and solid tumors. In fact, apart from its vital role in tumors, almost all inflammatory diseases involve chemokines and their receptors in one way or another. Modulating the expression of chemokines and/or their corresponding receptors on tumor cells or immune cells provides the basis for the exploitation of new drugs for clinical evaluation in the treatment of related diseases. Here, we summarize recent advances of chemokine systems in protumor and antitumor immune responses and discuss the prevailing understanding of how the chemokine system operates in inflammatory diseases. In this review, we also emphatically highlight the complexity of the chemokine system and explore its potential to guide the treatment of cancer and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyi Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Development and Related Disease of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of EducationWest China Second HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversity of North DakotaGrand ForksNorth DakotaUSA
| | - Xia Zhao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Development and Related Disease of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of EducationWest China Second HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
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37
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Masih M, Agarwal S, Kaur R, Gautam PK. Role of chemokines in breast cancer. Cytokine 2022; 155:155909. [PMID: 35597171 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.155909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chemokines belong to a family of chemoattractant cytokines and are well known to have an essential role in various cancer aetiologies. Multiplesubsets of immune cells are recruited and enrolled into the tumor microenvironment through interactions between chemokines and their specific receptors. These populations and their interactions have a distinct impact on tumor growth, progression, and treatment outcomes. While it is clear that many chemokines and their cognate receptors can be detected in breast and other cancers, the role of each chemokine and receptor has yet to be determined. This review focuses on the main chemokines that play a crucial role in the tumor microenvironment, emphasizing breast cancer. We have also discussed the techniques used to identify the chemokines and their future implication in the early diagnosis of cancer. In-depth knowledge of chemokines and their role in breast cancer progression can provide specific targets for breast cancer biotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilyn Masih
- Department of Biochemistry, AIIMS, New Delhi -110029, India.
| | - Sonam Agarwal
- Department of Biochemistry, AIIMS, New Delhi -110029, India.
| | - Rupinder Kaur
- Department of Biochemistry, AIIMS, New Delhi -110029, India.
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Wang J, Peng C, Dai W, Chen X, Meng J, Jiang T. Exploring Tumor Immune Microenvironment and Its Associations With Molecular Characteristics in Melanoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:821578. [PMID: 35530341 PMCID: PMC9069107 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.821578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThe tumor microenvironment (TME), which involves infiltration of multiple immune cells into the tumor tissues, plays an essential role in clinical benefit to therapy. The chemokines and their receptors influence migration and functions of both tumor and immune cells. Also, molecular characteristics are associated with the efficacy of melanoma therapy. However, there lacked exploration of immune characteristics and the association with molecular characteristics.MethodsWe collected the currently available 569 melanoma samples that had both the genomic and transcriptional data from TCGA and SRA databases. We first identified TME subtypes based on the developed immune signatures, and then divided the samples into two immune cohorts based on the immune score. Next, we estimated the compositions of the immune cells of the two cohorts, and performed differential expression genes (DEGs) and functional enrichments. In addition, we investigated the interactions of chemokines and their receptors under immune cells. Finally, we explored the genomic characteristics under different immune subtypes.ResultsTME type D had a better prognosis among the four subtypes. The high-immunity cohort had significantly high 16 immune cells. The 63 upregulated and 384 downregulated genes in the high-immunity cohort were enriched in immune-related biological processes, and keratin, pigmentation and epithelial cells, respectively. The correlations of chemokines and their receptors with immune cell infiltration, such as CCR5-CCL4/CCL5 and CXCR3-CXCL9/CXCL10/CXCL11/CXCL13 axis, showed that the recruitments of 11 immune cells, such as CD4T cells and CD8T cells, were modulated by chemokines and their receptors. The proportions of the four TME subtypes in each molecular subtype were comparable. The two driver genes, CDKN2A and PRB2, had significantly different MAFs between the high-immunity and low-immunity.ConclusionWe dissected the characteristics of immune infiltration, the interactions of chemokines and their receptors under immune cells, and the correlation of molecular and immune characteristics. Our work will enable the reasonable selection of anti-melanoma treatments and accelerate the development of new therapeutic strategies for melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangyuan Wang
- Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Cong Peng
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wentao Dai
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies) & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Translation, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Xiang Chen, ; Jing Meng, ; Taijiao Jiang,
| | - Jing Meng
- Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiang Chen, ; Jing Meng, ; Taijiao Jiang,
| | - Taijiao Jiang
- Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, China
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiang Chen, ; Jing Meng, ; Taijiao Jiang,
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Türkez H, Arslan ME, Tatar A, Özdemir Ö, Sönmez E, Çadirci K, Hacimüftüoğlu A, Ceylan B, Açikyildiz M, Kahraman CY, Geyikoğlu F, Tatar A, Mardinoglu A. Molecular Genetics and Cytotoxic Responses to Titanium Diboride and Zinc Borate Nanoparticles on Cultured Human Primary Alveolar Epithelial Cells. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15072359. [PMID: 35407693 PMCID: PMC9000154 DOI: 10.3390/ma15072359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Titanium diboride (TiB2) and zinc borate (Zn3BO6) have been utilized in wide spectrum industrial areas because of their favorable properties such as a high melting point, good wear resistance, high hardness and thermal conductivity. On the other hand, the biomedical potentials of TiB2 and Zn3BO6 are still unknown because there is no comprehensive analysis that uncovers their biocompatibility features. Thus, the toxicogenomic properties of TiB2 and Zn3BO6 nanoparticles (NPs) were investigated on human primary alveolar epithelial cell cultures (HPAEpiC) by using different cell viability assays and microarray analyses. Protein-Protein Interaction Networks Functional Enrichment Analysis (STRING) was used to associate differentially expressed gene probes. According to the results, up to 10 mg/L concentration of TiB2 and Zn3BO6 NPs application did not stimulate a cytotoxic effect on the HPAEpiC cell cultures. Microarray analysis revealed that TiB2 NPs exposure enhances cellular adhesion molecules, proteases and carrier protein expression. Furthermore, Zn3BO6 NPs caused differential gene expressions in the cell cycle, cell division and extracellular matrix regulators. Finally, STRING analyses put forth that inflammation, cell regeneration and tissue repair-related gene interactions were affected by TiB2 NPs application. Zn3BO6 NPs exposure significantly altered inflammation, lipid metabolism and infection response activator-related gene interactions. These investigations illustrated that TiB2 and Zn3BO6 NPs exposure may affect different aspects of cellular machineries such as immunogenic responses, tissue regeneration and cell survival. Thus, these types of cellular mechanisms should be taken into account before the use of the related NPs in further biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Türkez
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey; (H.T.); (B.C.)
| | - Mehmet Enes Arslan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Erzurum Technical University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey; (M.E.A.); (Ö.Ö.)
| | - Arzu Tatar
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey;
| | - Özlem Özdemir
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Erzurum Technical University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey; (M.E.A.); (Ö.Ö.)
| | - Erdal Sönmez
- Advanced Materials Research Laboratory, Department of Nanoscience & Nanoengineering, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey;
| | - Kenan Çadirci
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erzurum Regional Training and Research Hospital, Health Sciences University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey;
| | - Ahmet Hacimüftüoğlu
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey;
| | - Bahattin Ceylan
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey; (H.T.); (B.C.)
| | - Metin Açikyildiz
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Art, Kilis 7 Aralık University, 79000 Kilis, Turkey;
| | - Cigdem Yuce Kahraman
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical Faculty, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey; (C.Y.K.); (A.T.)
| | - Fatime Geyikoğlu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey;
| | - Abdulgani Tatar
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical Faculty, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey; (C.Y.K.); (A.T.)
| | - Adil Mardinoglu
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, SE-17121 Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
- Correspondence:
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Identification of Key Genes and Pathways in Osteosarcoma by Bioinformatics Analysis. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:7549894. [PMID: 35075370 PMCID: PMC8783756 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7549894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most primary bone malignant tumor in adolescents. Although the treatment of OS has made great progress, patients' prognosis remains poor due to tumor invasion and metastasis. Materials and Methods We downloaded the expression profile GSE12865 from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. We screened differential expressed genes (DEGs) by making use of the R limma software package. Based on Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis, we performed the function and pathway enrichment analyses. Then, we constructed a Protein-Protein Interaction network and screened hub genes through the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes. Result By analyzing the gene expression profile GSE12865, we obtained 703 OS-related DEGs, which contained 166 genes upregulated and 537 genes downregulated. The DEGs were primarily abundant in ribosome, cell adhesion molecules, ubiquitin-ubiquitin ligase activity, and p53 signaling pathway. The hub genes of OS were KDR, CDH5, CD34, CDC42, RBX1, POLR2C, PPP2CA, and RPS2 through PPI network analysis. Finally, GSEA analysis showed that cell adhesion molecules, chemokine signal pathway, transendothelial migration, and focal adhesion were associated with OS. Conclusion In this study, through analyzing microarray technology and bioinformatics analysis, the hub genes and pathways about OS are identified, and the new molecular mechanism of OS is clarified.
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Xia Y, Jiang X, Huang Y, Liu Q, Huang Y, Zhang B, Mei Z, Xu D, Shi Y, Tu W. Construction of a Tumor Immune Microenvironment-Related Prognostic Model in BRAF-Mutated Papillary Thyroid Cancer. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:895428. [PMID: 35757399 PMCID: PMC9215106 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.895428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BRAF mutation is a representative oncogenic mutation, with a frequency of 60% in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), but the reasons for the poor prognosis and more aggressive course of BRAF-mutated PTC are controversial. Tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) is an essential factor permitting the development and progression of malignancy, but whether TIME participates in the prognosis of BRAF-mutated PTC has not yet been reported. The primary goal of the present study was to provide a comprehensive TIME-related prognostic model to increase the predictive accuracy of progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with BRAF-mutated PTC. In this study, we analyzed the mRNA-seq data and corresponding clinical data of PTC patients obtained from the TCGA database. By calculating the TIME scores (immune score, stromal score and ESTIMATE score), the BRAF mutation group (n=237) was dichotomized into the high- and low-score groups. By functional analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in different high/low score groups, we identified 2 key TIME-related genes, HTR3A and NIPAL4, which affected PFS in BRAF-mutated PTC. A risk scoring system was developed by multivariate Cox analysis based on the abovementioned 2 TIME-related genes. Then, the BRAF-mutated cohort was divided into the high- and low-risk groups using the median risk score as a cutoff. A high risk score correlated positively with a higher HTR3A/NIPAL4 expression level but negatively with PFS in BRAF-mutated PTC. Ultimately, a nomogram was constructed by combining risk score with clinical parameter (Tumor stage), and the areas under the ROC curve (AUCs) of the nomogram for predicting 1-, 3- and 5-year PFS were then calculated and found to be 0.694, 0.707 and 0.738, respectively, indicating the improved accuracy and clinical utility of the nomogram versus the risk score model in the BRAF-mutated PTC cohort. Moreover, we determined the associations between prognostic genes or risk score and immune cell infiltration by two-way ANOVA. In the high-risk score, high HTR3A expression, and high NIPAL4 expression groups, higher infiltration of immune cells was found. Collectively, these findings confirm that the nomogram is effective in predicting the outcome of BRAF-mutated PTC and will add a spatial dimension to the developing risk stratification system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiao Xia
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xue Jiang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yin Huang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhanjun Mei
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Dongkun Xu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuhong Shi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Wenling Tu, ; Yuhong Shi,
| | - Wenling Tu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu, China
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Wenling Tu, ; Yuhong Shi,
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In silico molecular docking and dynamic simulation of eugenol compounds against breast cancer. J Mol Model 2021; 28:17. [PMID: 34962586 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-021-05010-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most severe problems, and it is the primary cause of cancer-related death in females worldwide. The adverse effects and therapeutic resistance development are among the most potent clinical issues for potent medications for breast cancer treatment. The eugenol molecules have a significant affinity for breast cancer receptors. The aim of the study has been on the eugenol compounds, which has potent actions on Erα, PR, EGFR, CDK2, mTOR, ERBB2, c-Src, HSP90, and chemokines receptors inhibition. Initially, the drug-likeness property was examined to evaluate the anti-breast cancer activity by applying Lipinski's rule of five on 120 eugenol molecules. Further, structure-based virtual screening was performed via molecular docking, as protein-like interactions play a vital role in drug development. The 3D structure of the receptors has been acquired from the protein data bank and is docked with 87 3D PubChem and ZINC structures of eugenol compounds, and five FDA-approved anti-cancer drugs using AutoDock Vina. Then, the compounds were subjected to three replica molecular dynamic simulations run of 100 ns per system. The results were evaluated using root mean square deviation (RMSD), root mean square fluctuation (RMSF), and protein-ligand interactions to indicate protein-ligand complex stability. The results confirm that Eugenol cinnamaldehyde has the best docking score for breast cancer, followed by Aspirin eugenol ester and 4-Allyl-2-methoxyphenyl cinnamate. From the results obtained from in silico studies, we propose that the selected eugenols can be further investigated and evaluated for further lead optimization and drug development.
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Groysman L, Carlsen L, Huntington KE, Shen WH, Zhou L, El-Deiry WS. Chemotherapy-induced cytokines and prognostic gene signatures vary across breast and colorectal cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:6086-6106. [PMID: 35018244 PMCID: PMC8727797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms by which chemotherapeutic drugs mediate efficacy and toxicity in patients across cancers are not fully understood. A poorly understood aspect of the tumor cell response to chemotherapy is cytokine regulation. Some drug-induced cytokines promote the anti-cancer activity of the drugs, but others may promote proliferation, metastasis, and drug resistance. We evaluated effects of clinical chemotherapeutics oxaliplatin, cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), doxorubicin, paclitaxel, docetaxel, and carboplatin on a panel of 52 cytokines in MCF7 breast cancer (BC) cells. We observed pan-drug effects, such as the upregulation of TRAIL-R2 and Chitinase 3-like 1 and drug-specific effects on interleukin and CXCL cytokines. We compared cytokine regulation in MCF7 BC and HCT116 colorectal cancer (CRC) cells, revealing tissue-specific drug effects such as enhanced upregulation of TRAIL-R2 and downregulation of IFN-β and TRAIL in MCF7 by cisplatin, oxaliplatin, and 5-FU. We found that chemotherapy-inducible transcripts have varying potential for prognostic significance in CRC versus BC. Among the non-prognostic CRC genes that were prognostic in BC were NFKBIA and GADD45A, both of which support anti-cancer drug mechanisms. Thus, we establish a novel 7-drug, 52-cytokine signature in MCF7 BC cells and a 3-drug, 40-cytokine signature in HCT116 CRC cells that suggest drug-specific and tissue-specific cytokine regulation. Distinct differences across prognostic gene signatures in BC and CRC further support tissue specificity in the relative impact of drug-regulated genes on patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leya Groysman
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown UniversityProvidence, RI 02903, USA
- Macaulay Honors College at Hunter College, CUNYManhattan, NY 10065, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell UniversityNY 10065, USA
| | - Lindsey Carlsen
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown UniversityProvidence, RI 02903, USA
- Graduate Program in Pathobiology, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown UniversityProvidence, RI 02903, USA
- Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Brown University and The Lifespan Health SystemProvidence, RI 02903, USA
- Cancer Center at Brown University, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown UniversityProvidence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Kelsey E Huntington
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown UniversityProvidence, RI 02903, USA
- Graduate Program in Pathobiology, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown UniversityProvidence, RI 02903, USA
- Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Brown University and The Lifespan Health SystemProvidence, RI 02903, USA
- Cancer Center at Brown University, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown UniversityProvidence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Wen H Shen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell UniversityNY 10065, USA
| | - Lanlan Zhou
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown UniversityProvidence, RI 02903, USA
- Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Brown University and The Lifespan Health SystemProvidence, RI 02903, USA
- Cancer Center at Brown University, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown UniversityProvidence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Wafik S El-Deiry
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown UniversityProvidence, RI 02903, USA
- Graduate Program in Pathobiology, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown UniversityProvidence, RI 02903, USA
- Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Brown University and The Lifespan Health SystemProvidence, RI 02903, USA
- Hematology-Oncology Division, Brown University and The Lifespan Cancer InstituteProvidence, RI 02903, USA
- Cancer Center at Brown University, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown UniversityProvidence, RI 02903, USA
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Li L, Jiang K, Li D, Li D, Fan Z, Dai G, Tu S, Liu X, Wei G. The Chemokine CXCL7 Is Related to Angiogenesis and Associated With Poor Prognosis in Colorectal Cancer Patients. Front Oncol 2021; 11:754221. [PMID: 34692540 PMCID: PMC8531515 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.754221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The present study was designed to investigate the role of the chemokine CXCL7 in angiogenesis and explore its prognostic value in colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods A total of 160 CRC patients who had undergone surgery were included in this study, and staged according to the guidelines of the AJCC, 7th Edition. Expression of CXCL7 and VEGF was detected by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining and divided into high and low expression subgroups. The correlation between CXCL7 and VEGF expression was evaluated by Spearman’s rank-correlation coefficient. Prognosis based on CXCL7 and VEGF was evaluated using the Cox proportional hazards regression model and a nomogram of 5-year overall survival (OS) time. Results CXCL7 was highly expressed in tumor tissues (65.63% vs 25.00% in paracancerous tissue, P < 0.001), as was VEGF. CXCL7 and VEGF expression correlated well with N and TNM stage cancers (all P < 0.001). Importantly, CXCL7 was positively correlated with VEGF expression in CRC tissues. CXCL7 was an independent predictor of poor OS of CRC patients (HR = 2.216, 95% CI: 1.069-4.593, P = 0.032), and co-expression of CXCL7 and VEGF of predicted poor OS of 56.96 months. Conclusion Expression of CXCL7 correlated with VEGF and was associated with poor clinical outcomes in CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longhai Li
- Department of Science and Education, Bozhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Bozhou, China
| | - Kai Jiang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Bozhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Bozhou, China
| | - Dongpeng Li
- Department of Pathology, Bozhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Bozhou, China
| | - Dongxiao Li
- Department of Science and Education, Bozhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Bozhou, China
| | - Zitong Fan
- Department of medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
| | - Guosheng Dai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Bozhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Bozhou, China
| | - Sheng Tu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Bozhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Bozhou, China
| | - Xiangyu Liu
- Department of Science and Education, Bozhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Bozhou, China
| | - Guangyou Wei
- Department of Science and Education, Bozhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Bozhou, China
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Noh MG, Kim SS, Kim YJ, Jung TY, Jung S, Rhee JH, Lee JH, Lee JS, Cho JH, Moon KS, Park H, Lee KH. Evolution of the Tumor Microenvironment toward Immune-Suppressive Seclusion during Brain Metastasis of Breast Cancer: Implications for Targeted Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13194895. [PMID: 34638378 PMCID: PMC8507988 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13194895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Brain metastases (BM) of breast cancer (BC) are new targets of immunotherapy, but their characteristics are unclear. Therefore, we analyzed the differential expression profile of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in primary breast cancer brain metastasis (BCBM). In the TME of BCBM, immune-related pathways were downregulated and tumor intrinsic factors were upregulated. Moreover, CD8+ T cells and M1 macrophages with cytotoxic effects were decreased, but M2 cells were increased, in BM. Most tumor-suppressive immune functions ceased after BM with a molecular subtype shift. These results suggest the need for targeted therapy and immunotherapy strategies for BCBM. Abstract Breast cancer (BC) is the second most common solid malignant tumor that metastasizes to the brain. Despite emerging therapies such as immunotherapy, whether the tumor microenvironment (TME) in breast cancer brain metastasis (BCBM) has potential as a target of new treatments is unclear. Expression profiling of 770 genes in 12 pairs of primary BC and matched brain metastasis (BM) samples was performed using the NanoString nCounter PanCancer IO360TM Panel. Immune cell profiles were validated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in samples from 50 patients with BCBM. Pathway analysis revealed that immune-related pathways were downregulated. Immune cell profiling showed that CD8+ T cells and M1 macrophages were significantly decreased, and M2 macrophages were significantly increased, in BM compared to primary BC samples (p = 0.001, p = 0.021 and p = 0.007, respectively). CCL19 and CCL21, the top differentially expressed genes, were decreased significantly in BM compared to primary BC (p < 0.001, both). IHC showed that the CD8+ count was significantly lower (p = 0.027), and the CD163+ and CD206+ counts were higher, in BM than primary BC (p < 0.001, both). A low CD8+ T cell count, low CD86+ M1 macrophage count, and high M2/M1 macrophage ratio were related to unfavorable clinical outcomes. BC exhibits an immunosuppressive characteristic after metastasis to the brain. These findings will facilitate establishment of a treatment strategy for BCBM based on the TME of metastatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung-Giun Noh
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea; or
| | - Sung Sun Kim
- Department of Pathology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Medical School, Chonnam National University Research Institute of Medical Science, BioMedical Sciences Graduate Program (BMSGP), Hwasun 58128, Korea; (S.S.K.); (J.-H.L.); (J.-S.L.)
| | - Yeong Jin Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Medical School, Chonnam National University Research Institute of Medical Science, Hwasun 58128, Korea; (Y.J.K.); (T.-Y.J.); (S.J.); (K.-S.M.)
| | - Tae-Young Jung
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Medical School, Chonnam National University Research Institute of Medical Science, Hwasun 58128, Korea; (Y.J.K.); (T.-Y.J.); (S.J.); (K.-S.M.)
| | - Shin Jung
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Medical School, Chonnam National University Research Institute of Medical Science, Hwasun 58128, Korea; (Y.J.K.); (T.-Y.J.); (S.J.); (K.-S.M.)
| | - Joon-Haeng Rhee
- Medical Research Center for Combinatorial Tumor Immunotherapy, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun 58128, Korea; (J.-H.R.); (J.-H.C.)
| | - Jae-Hyuk Lee
- Department of Pathology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Medical School, Chonnam National University Research Institute of Medical Science, BioMedical Sciences Graduate Program (BMSGP), Hwasun 58128, Korea; (S.S.K.); (J.-H.L.); (J.-S.L.)
| | - Ji-Shin Lee
- Department of Pathology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Medical School, Chonnam National University Research Institute of Medical Science, BioMedical Sciences Graduate Program (BMSGP), Hwasun 58128, Korea; (S.S.K.); (J.-H.L.); (J.-S.L.)
| | - Jae-Ho Cho
- Medical Research Center for Combinatorial Tumor Immunotherapy, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun 58128, Korea; (J.-H.R.); (J.-H.C.)
- Immunotherapy Innovation Center, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Medical School, Hwasun 58128, Korea
| | - Kyung-Sub Moon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Medical School, Chonnam National University Research Institute of Medical Science, Hwasun 58128, Korea; (Y.J.K.); (T.-Y.J.); (S.J.); (K.-S.M.)
| | - Hansoo Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea; or
- Correspondence: (H.P.); (K.-H.L.); Tel.: +82-62-715-5415 (H.P.); +82-61-379-7050 (K.-H.L.)
| | - Kyung-Hwa Lee
- Department of Pathology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Medical School, Chonnam National University Research Institute of Medical Science, BioMedical Sciences Graduate Program (BMSGP), Hwasun 58128, Korea; (S.S.K.); (J.-H.L.); (J.-S.L.)
- Immunotherapy Innovation Center, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Medical School, Hwasun 58128, Korea
- Correspondence: (H.P.); (K.-H.L.); Tel.: +82-62-715-5415 (H.P.); +82-61-379-7050 (K.-H.L.)
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Lee HS, Lee IH, Kang K, Park SI, Jung M, Yang SG, Kwon TW, Lee DY. Network Pharmacology-Based Dissection of the Comprehensive Molecular Mechanisms of the Herbal Prescription FDY003 Against Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer. Nat Prod Commun 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x211044377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer (ERPBC) is the commonest subtype of breast cancer, with a high prevalence, incidence, and mortality. Herbal drugs are increasingly being used to treat ERPBC, although their mechanisms of action are not fully understood. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to analyze the therapeutic properties of FDY003, a herbal anti-ERPBC prescription, using a network pharmacology approach. FDY003 decreased the viability of human ERPBC cells and sensitized them to tamoxifen, an endocrine drug that is widely used in the treatment of ERPBC. The network pharmacology analysis revealed 18 pharmacologically active components in FDY003 that may interact with and regulate 66 therapeutic targets. The enriched gene ontology terms for the FDY003 targets were associated with the modulation of cell survival and death, cell proliferation and growth arrest, and estrogen-associated cellular processes. Analysis of the pathway enrichment of the targets showed that FDY003 may target a variety of ERPBC-associated pathways, including the PIK3-Akt, focal adhesion, MAPK, and estrogen pathways. Overall, these data provide a comprehensive mechanistic insight into the anti-ERPBC activity of FDY003.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Sung Lee
- The Fore, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Forest Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | - Minho Jung
- Forest Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Dae-Yeon Lee
- The Fore, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Forest Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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LyeTx I-b Peptide Attenuates Tumor Burden and Metastasis in a Mouse 4T1 Breast Cancer Model. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10091136. [PMID: 34572719 PMCID: PMC8466574 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10091136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cationic anticancer peptides have exhibited potent anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory effects in neoplastic illness conditions. LyeTx I-b is a synthetic peptide derived from Lycosa erythrognatha spider venom that previously showed antibiotic activity in vitro and in vivo. This study focused on the effects of LyeTxI-b on a 4T1 mouse mammary carcinoma model. Mice with a palpable tumor in the left flank were subcutaneously or intratumorally injected with LyeTx I-b (5 mg/kg), which significantly decreased the tumor volume and metastatic nodules. Histological analyses showed a large necrotic area in treated primary tumors compared to the control. LyeTxI-b reduced tumor growth and lung metastasis in the 4T1 mouse mammary carcinoma model with no signs of toxicity in healthy or cancerous mice. The mechanism of action of LyeTx I-b on the 4T1 mouse mammary carcinoma model was evaluated in vitro and is associated with induction of apoptosis and cell proliferation inhibition. Furthermore, LyeTx I-b seems to be an efficient regulator of the 4T1 tumor microenvironment by modulating several cytokines, such as TGF-β, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10, in primary tumor and lung, spleen, and brain. LyeTx I-b also plays a role in leukocytes rolling and adhesion into spinal cord microcirculation and in the number of circulating leukocytes. These data suggest a potent antineoplastic efficacy ofLyeTx I-b.
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Xu M, Wang Y, Xia R, Wei Y, Wei X. Role of the CCL2-CCR2 signalling axis in cancer: Mechanisms and therapeutic targeting. Cell Prolif 2021; 54:e13115. [PMID: 34464477 PMCID: PMC8488570 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The chemokine ligand CCL2 and its receptor CCR2 are implicated in the initiation and progression of various cancers. CCL2 can activate tumour cell growth and proliferation through a variety of mechanisms. By interacting with CCR2, CCL2 promotes cancer cell migration and recruits immunosuppressive cells to the tumour microenvironment, favouring cancer development. Over the last several decades, a series of studies have been conducted to explore the CCL2-CCR2 signalling axis function in malignancies. Therapeutic strategies targeting the CCL2- CCR2 axis have also shown promising effects, enriching our approaches for fighting against cancer. In this review, we summarize the role of the CCL2-CCR2 signalling axis in tumorigenesis and highlight recent studies on CCL2-CCR2 targeted therapy, focusing on preclinical studies and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maosen Xu
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruolan Xia
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuquan Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Roles of CCL2-CCR2 Axis in the Tumor Microenvironment. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168530. [PMID: 34445235 PMCID: PMC8395188 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokines are a small family of cytokines that were first discovered as chemotactic factors in leukocytes during inflammation, and reports on the relationship between chemokines and cancer progression have recently been increasing. The CCL2-CCR2 axis is one of the major chemokine signaling pathways, and has various functions in tumor progression, such as increasing tumor cell proliferation and invasiveness, and creating a tumor microenvironment through increased angiogenesis and recruitment of immunosuppressive cells. This review discusses the roles of the CCL2-CCR2 axis and the tumor microenvironment in cancer progression and their future roles in cancer therapy.
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50
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Substance P Antagonism as a Novel Therapeutic Option to Enhance Efficacy of Cisplatin in Triple Negative Breast Cancer and Protect PC12 Cells against Cisplatin-Induced Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13153871. [PMID: 34359773 PMCID: PMC8345440 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Although cisplatin is very effective as a treatment strategy in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), it has unwarranted outcomes owing to recurrence, chemoresistance and neurotoxicity. There is critically important to find new, effective and safe therapeutics for TNBC. We determined if SP-receptor antagonism in combination with cisplatin may serve as a novel, more efficacious and safer therapeutic option than existing therapies for TNBC. We used a neuronal cell line (PC12) and two TNBC cell lines (Sum 185 and Sum 159) for these studies. We determined that the levels of cells expressing the high-affinity SP-receptor (neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1R)), as determined by flow-cytometry was significantly elevated in response to cisplatin in all three cells. We determined that treatment with aprepitant, an SP-receptor antagonist decreased cisplatin-induced, loss of viability (studied by MTT assay), production of reactive oxygen species (by DCFDA assay) and apoptosis (by flow-cytometry) in PC12 cells while it was increased in the two TNBC cells. Furthermore, we demonstrated that important genes associated with metastases, inflammation, chemoresistance and cell cycle progression are attenuated by SP-receptor antagonism in the TNBC cell line, Sum 185. These studies implicate that SP-receptor antagonism in combination with cisplatin may possibly serve as a novel, more efficacious and safer therapeutic option than existing therapies for TNBC.
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