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Nahar L, El-Seedi HR, Khalifa SAM, Mohammadhosseini M, Sarker SD. Ruta Essential Oils: Composition and Bioactivities. Molecules 2021; 26:4766. [PMID: 34443352 PMCID: PMC8400350 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ruta L. is a typical genus of the citrus family, Rutaceae Juss. and comprises ca. 40 different species, mainly distributed in the Mediterranean region. Ruta species have long been used in traditional medicines as an abortifacient and emmenagogue and for the treatment of lung diseases and microbial infections. The genus Ruta is rich in essential oils, which predominantly contain aliphatic ketones, e.g., 2-undecanone and 2-nonanone, but lack any significant amounts of terpenes. Three Ruta species, Ruta chalepensis L., Ruta graveolens L., and Ruta montana L., have been extensively studied for the composition of their essential oils and several bioactivities, revealing their potential medicinal and agrochemical applications. This review provides a systematic evaluation and critical appraisal of publications available in the literature on the composition and bioactivities of the essential oils obtained from Ruta species and includes a brief outlook of the potential applications of nanotechnology and chitosan-based products of Ruta essential oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lutfun Nahar
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR & Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Hesham R. El-Seedi
- Biomedical Centre (BMC), Pharmacognosy Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Box 591, SE-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden;
| | - Shaden A. M. Khalifa
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Majid Mohammadhosseini
- Department of Chemistry, College of Basic Sciences, Shahrood Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrood, Iran;
| | - Satyajit D. Sarker
- Centre for Natural Products Discovery (CNPD), School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, James Parsons Building, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK
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Coimbra AT, Ferreira S, Duarte AP. Genus Ruta: A natural source of high value products with biological and pharmacological properties. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 260:113076. [PMID: 32534112 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ruta genus is constituted by ten species, of which the most commonly described are R. chalepensis and R. graveolens. Ruta plants are perennial shrubs belonging to the family Rutaceae, which are traditionally used in folk medicine, since ancient times mostly for the treatment of various ailments of the womb. AIM OF THE STUDY To provide a review of the different uses of Ruta species in traditional medicine, as well as, on their multifactorial biological and pharmacological properties. MATERIAL AND METHODS A search of the literature on genus Ruta and Ruta species was performed using various scientific databases and search engines and the information of articles were reviewed and compiled. RESULTS Different parts of the plants belonging to Ruta genus are used in folk medicine to treat a wide range of different diseases. The principal use of these is in gynaecological field, but the treatment of pain, fever, nausea, inflammation, infections, nervous disorders, among others, are also described. These plants have been used to fertility regulation, as anti-fertility agent, to control menstrual flux and bleedings, as abortifacient and as contraceptive. The phytochemical composition of these plants consists mainly in essential oil (EO), but phenolic compounds were also reported, like coumarins and flavonoids, as well as alkaloids. Ruta species products like extracts and EOs have shown broad pharmacological activities, such as antimicrobial and antifungal activities, as well as, antiviral and antiparasitic. Moreover, Ruta plants products present antioxidant, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and anti-diabetic activities and demonstrated contraceptive and abortifacient effects. These plants were also tested to be used for non-therapeutic approaches, as bio-insecticides in the control of different insect pests showing to be able to reduce infestation. CONCLUSIONS Ruta species could be a potential source of natural products with biological activities. Ruta extracts, essential oils and isolated compounds have shown a diverse potential for use in the treatment of different diseases, as well as, for pests control, contributing to the valorisation of these plants. Nonetheless, this review indicates that more studies are needed to demonstrate the full potential of Ruta species, and to further explore the toxicology and safety of these plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra T Coimbra
- CICS-UBI Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - Susana Ferreira
- CICS-UBI Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - Ana Paula Duarte
- CICS-UBI Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal.
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Peralta-Ruiz Y, Grande Tovar C, Sinning-Mangonez A, Bermont D, Pérez Cordero A, Paparella A, Chaves-López C. Colletotrichum gloesporioides inhibition using chitosan-Ruta graveolens L essential oil coatings: Studies in vitro and in situ on Carica papaya fruit. Int J Food Microbiol 2020; 326:108649. [PMID: 32402917 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2020.108649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study we assessed the efficacy of chitosan (CHI) (2%) emulsion added with Ruta graveolens L. essential oil (REO) at different concentrations (0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5%) to control C. gloesporioides grows both "in situ" and "in vitro" in papaya Maradol (Carica papaya L.). In vitro studies showed a decrease on fungal growth (mycelia diameter) with the increase of REO concentration, while 0.5% of REO induce a reduction of 56.42%, REO at 1.0% and 1.5% induced a reduction of 97%. Microscopic analysis showed irreversible deleterious morphological and ultrastructural alterations as well as changes in conidia morphology, and conidia germination inhibition up to 90%. Among the most abundant REO constituents, 2-Nonanol showed strong antifungal activity followed by 2-Undecanone, Benzyl acetate, 2-Nonanone, 2-Tridecanone and 2-Dodecanone. Studies "in situ" on papaya fruit during 12 days at 20 °C, showed a reduction of the C. gloesporioides lesion expansion by 50% using CHI-REO 0.5% emulsions and by 100% with treatments of CHI-REO 1.0 and 1.5%, in addition the emulsions were efficacious to reduce the fruit surface microbiota. On the other hand, physicochemical analysis of the papaya fruits demonstrated that CHI-REO emulsions treatment delayed papaya ripening without affecting the organoleptic characteristics. All these results demonstrated for the first time the application of coatings CHI-REO as a postharvest treatment for the control of anthracnose on papaya fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeimmy Peralta-Ruiz
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Programa de Ingeniería Agroindustrial, Universidad del Atlántico, Carrera 30 Número 8-49, Puerto Colombia, Colombia; Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Via R. Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Carlos Grande Tovar
- Grupo de Investigación de fotoquímica y fotobiología, Universidad del Atlántico, Carrera 30 Número 8-49, Puerto Colombia 081008, Colombia
| | - Angie Sinning-Mangonez
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Programa de Ingeniería Agroindustrial, Universidad del Atlántico, Carrera 30 Número 8-49, Puerto Colombia, Colombia
| | - Daniel Bermont
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Programa de Ingeniería Agroindustrial, Universidad del Atlántico, Carrera 30 Número 8-49, Puerto Colombia, Colombia
| | - Alexander Pérez Cordero
- Grupo de Investigación en Bioprospección Agropecuarias, Universidad de Sucre, carrera 28 # 5-267, 700008 Puerta Roja - Sincelejo, Sucre, Colombia
| | - Antonello Paparella
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Via R. Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Clemencia Chaves-López
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Via R. Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
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Elansary HO, Szopa A, Kubica P, Ekiert H, Ali HM, Elshikh MS, Abdel-Salam EM, El-Esawi M, El-Ansary DO. Bioactivities of Traditional Medicinal Plants in Alexandria. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2018; 2018:1463579. [PMID: 29636772 PMCID: PMC5831234 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1463579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In traditional folklore, medicinal herbs play a vital role in the prevention and treatment of microbial diseases. In the present study, the phenolic profiles of the medicinal plants Asparagus aethiopicus L., Citrullus colocynthis L., Senna alexandrina L., Kalanchoe delagoensis L., Gasteria pillansii L., Cymbopogon citratus, Brassica juncea, and Curcuma longa L. were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography with a diode-array detector method. The results revealed rich sources of important compounds such as robinin in the fruits and leaves of A. aethiopicus; caffeic acid in the tubers of A. aethiopicus and quercitrin in the leaves of G. pillansii. Further, relatively high antioxidant, antibacterial, and antifungal activities were observed in C. colocynthis fruit coat, S. alexandrina pods, and A. aethiopicus leaves, respectively. The relatively higher the bioactivities of plants extracts associated with the phenols in these plants, in particular, the more abundant the phenols. Therefore, it was concluded that the fruit coat of C. colocynthis, pods of S. alexandrina, and leaves of A. aethiopicus might be excellent sources of natural products. These plant extracts also have a wide spectrum of antimicrobial activities that could be used in the pharmaceutical industries and to control diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hosam O. Elansary
- Floriculture, Ornamental Horticulture and Garden Design Department, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
- Department of Geography, Environmental Management and Energy Studies, University of Johannesburg, APK Campus, 2006, South Africa
| | - Agnieszka Szopa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Ul. Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Paweł Kubica
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Ul. Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Halina Ekiert
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Ul. Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Hayssam M. Ali
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Timber Trees Research Department, Sabahia Horticulture Research Station, Horticulture Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S. Elshikh
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eslam M. Abdel-Salam
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed El-Esawi
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Diaa O. El-Ansary
- Precision Agriculture Laboratory, Department of Pomology, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Variability of Chemical Compositions and Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Ruta chalepensis Leaf Essential Oils from Three Palestinian Regions. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:2672689. [PMID: 29230405 PMCID: PMC5694611 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2672689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Interest in essential oils was recently revived with their popularity increasing in medicine, pharmacy, and aromatherapy. This study was performed to identify the chemical compositions of the essential oil of Ruta chalepensis growing wildly in three regions in Palestine and to assess and compare their antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Methods Identification of the essential oil was performed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Antimicrobial activity was tested against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans by using minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay, while antioxidant activity was analyzed by using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging method. Results The essential oils of R. chalepensis from Jerusalem and Hebron regions have almost identical components; the major compounds identified were linalyl acetate and β-linalool; these essential oils exerted potential antioxidant and antibacterial activities. On the other hand, the major components of the plant essential oil from Jenin region were 2-undecanone and 2-nonanone, which exhibited potential antifungal activity. Conclusions The phytoconstituents and antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the essential oil of R. chalepensis from different regions in Palestine were established in this study. The obtained results indicate possible applications for R. chalepensis in the treatment of various infectious and noninfectious diseases.
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Al Hafi M, El Beyrouthy M, Ouaini N, Stien D, Rutledge D, Chaillou S. Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Satureja, Thymus, and Thymbra Species Grown in Lebanon. Chem Biodivers 2017; 14. [PMID: 27584022 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201600236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The essential oils were extracted by hydrodistillation from Satureja cuneifolia, Satureja thymbra, Coridothymus capitatus, Thymus syriacus, and Thymbra spicata growing wild in Lebanon. Their phytochemical analysis performed by GC/MS showed that the aforementioned species are characterized either by carvacrol (60.9%) or thymol (54.3%) or by a more or less equal amounts of these two phenols. Assessment of their in vitro antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans and six pathogenic bacteria using the broth dilution method revealed that the tested oils have a broad activity spectrum with minimum inhibitory concentration ranging from 0.1 to 0.8 mg/ml. Among the tested species, S. thymbra EO showed the highest antimicrobial potential whereas T. syriacus showed the lowest inhibitory activity. These results give scientific evidence for the use of those species in the Lebanese folk medicine and lend support to implement them as natural alternatives for synthetic antimicrobials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monay Al Hafi
- Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, B.P. 446, Jounieh, Lebanon.,AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin INRA, RD 10, Route de Saint-Cyr, Versailles, France
| | - Marc El Beyrouthy
- Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, B.P. 446, Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Naim Ouaini
- Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, B.P. 446, Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Didier Stien
- Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Biotechnologies Microbiennes (LBBM), Observatoire Océanologique, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, 66650, Banyuls-sur-mer, France
| | - Douglas Rutledge
- Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique, AgroParisTech, UMR INRA/AgroParisTech 'GENIAL Ingénierie Procédés Aliments', 75005, Paris, France
| | - Sylvain Chaillou
- AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin INRA, RD 10, Route de Saint-Cyr, Versailles, France
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Al Hafi M, El Beyrouthy M, Ouaini N, Stien D, Rutledge D, Chaillou S. Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity ofOriganum libanoticum,Origanum ehrenbergii, andOriganum syriacumGrowing Wild in Lebanon. Chem Biodivers 2016; 13:555-60. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201500178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Monay Al Hafi
- Faculty of Agricultural and Food sciences; Holy Spirit University of Kaslik; B.P. 446 Jounieh Lebanon
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin INRA; AgroParisTech; RD 10, Route de Saint-Cyr FR-78026 Versailles
| | - Marc El Beyrouthy
- Faculty of Agricultural and Food sciences; Holy Spirit University of Kaslik; B.P. 446 Jounieh Lebanon
| | - Naim Ouaini
- Faculty of Agricultural and Food sciences; Holy Spirit University of Kaslik; B.P. 446 Jounieh Lebanon
| | - Didier Stien
- Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Biotechnologies Microbiennes (LBBM); Observatoire Océanologique; Sorbonne Universités; UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS; FR-66650 Banyuls-sur-mer
| | - Douglas Rutledge
- Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique; AgroParisTech; UMR INRA/AgroParisTech “GENIAL Ingénierie Procédés Aliments”; FR-75005 Paris
| | - Sylvain Chaillou
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin INRA; AgroParisTech; RD 10, Route de Saint-Cyr FR-78026 Versailles
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Fahed L, Stien D, Ouaini N, Eparvier V, El Beyrouthy M. Chemical Diversity and Antimicrobial Activity ofSalvia multicaulisVahlEssential Oils. Chem Biodivers 2016; 13:591-5. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201500332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Layal Fahed
- UPR 2301, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles; CNRS; 1 Avenue de la Terrasse FR-91198 Gif-sur-Yvette France
- Department of Agricultural Sciences; Holy Spirit University of Kaslik; Kaslik Jounieh B.P. 446 Lebanon
| | - Didier Stien
- UPR 2301, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles; CNRS; 1 Avenue de la Terrasse FR-91198 Gif-sur-Yvette France
- Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Biotechnologies Microbiennes (LBBM), Observatoire Océanologique; UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS; Sorbonne Universités; FR-66650 Banyuls/Mer France
| | - Naïm Ouaini
- Department of Agricultural Sciences; Holy Spirit University of Kaslik; Kaslik Jounieh B.P. 446 Lebanon
| | - Véronique Eparvier
- UPR 2301, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles; CNRS; 1 Avenue de la Terrasse FR-91198 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Marc El Beyrouthy
- Department of Agricultural Sciences; Holy Spirit University of Kaslik; Kaslik Jounieh B.P. 446 Lebanon
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