1
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Su M, Su Y. Recent Advances in Amphipathic Peptidomimetics as Antimicrobial Agents to Combat Drug Resistance. Molecules 2024; 29:2492. [PMID: 38893366 PMCID: PMC11173824 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29112492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of antimicrobial drugs with novel structures and clear mechanisms of action that are active against drug-resistant bacteria has become an urgent need of safeguarding human health due to the rise of bacterial drug resistance. The discovery of AMPs and the development of amphipathic peptidomimetics have lay the foundation for novel antimicrobial agents to combat drug resistance due to their overall strong antimicrobial activities and unique membrane-active mechanisms. To break the limitation of AMPs, researchers have invested in great endeavors through various approaches in the past years. This review summarized the recent advances including the development of antibacterial small molecule peptidomimetics and peptide-mimic cationic oligomers/polymers, as well as mechanism-of-action studies. As this exciting interdisciplinary field is continuously expanding and growing, we hope this review will benefit researchers in the rational design of novel antimicrobial peptidomimetics in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ma Su
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yongxiang Su
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Jiaozuo University, Ren-Min Road, Jiaozuo 454000, China;
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2
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Cormier S, Fogg DE. Probing Catalyst Degradation in Metathesis of Internal Olefins: Expanding Access to Amine-Tagged ROMP Polymers. ACS Catal 2023; 13:11834-11840. [PMID: 37671179 PMCID: PMC10476157 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c02729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Ruthenium-promoted ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) offers potentially powerful routes to amine-functionalized polymers with antimicrobial, adhesive, and self-healing properties. However, amines readily degrade the methylidene and unsubstituted ruthenacyclobutane intermediates formed in metathesis of terminal olefins. Examined herein is the relevance of these decomposition pathways to ROMP (i.e., metathesis of internal olefins) by the third-generation Grubbs catalyst. Primary alkylamines rapidly quench polymerization via fast adduct formation, followed by nucleophilic abstraction of the propagating alkylidene. Bulkier, Brønsted-basic amines are less aggressive: attack competes only for slow polymerization or strong bases (e.g., DBU). Added HCl limits degradation, as demonstrated by the successful ROMP of an otherwise intractable methylamine monomer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha
K. Cormier
- Center
for Catalysis Research & Innovation, and Department of Chemistry
and Biomolecular Sciences, University of
Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Deryn E. Fogg
- Center
for Catalysis Research & Innovation, and Department of Chemistry
and Biomolecular Sciences, University of
Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
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3
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Lehnen AC, Bapolisi AM, Krass M, AlSawaf A, Kurki J, Kersting S, Fuchs H, Hartlieb M. Shape Matters: Highly Selective Antimicrobial Bottle Brush Copolymers via a One-Pot RAFT Polymerization Approach. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:5350-5360. [PMID: 36455024 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c01187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
The one-pot synthesis of antimicrobial bottle brush copolymers is presented. Reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization is used for the production of the polymeric backbone, as well as for the grafts, which were installed using a grafting-from approach. A combination of N-isopropyl acrylamide and a Boc-protected primary amine-containing acrylamide was used in different compositions. After deprotection, polymers featuring different charge densities were obtained in both linear and bottle brush topologies. Antimicrobial activity was tested against three clinically relevant bacterial strains, and growth inhibition was significantly increased for bottle brush copolymers. Blood compatibility investigations revealed strong hemagglutination for linear copolymers and pronounced hemolysis for bottle brush copolymers. However, one bottle brush copolymer with a 50% charge density revealed strong antibacterial activity and negligible in vitro blood toxicity (regarding hemolysis and hemagglutination tests) resulting in selectivity values as high as 320. Membrane models were used to probe the mechanism of shown polymers that was found to be based on membrane disruption. The trends from bioassays are accurately reflected in model systems indicating that differences in lipid composition might be responsible for selectivity. However, bottle brush copolymers were found to possess increased cytotoxicity against human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells compared with linear analogues. The introduced synthetic platform enables screening of further, previously inaccessible parameters associated with the bottle brush topology, paving the way to further improve their activity profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Catherine Lehnen
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, 14476Potsdam, Germany.,Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research (IAP), Geiselbergstraße 69, 14476Potsdam, Germany
| | - Alain M Bapolisi
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, 14476Potsdam, Germany
| | - Melanie Krass
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353Berlin, Germany
| | - Ahmad AlSawaf
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, 14476Potsdam, Germany
| | - Jan Kurki
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, 14476Potsdam, Germany
| | - Sebastian Kersting
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Branch Bioanalytics and Bioprocesses (IZI-BB), Am Mühlenberg 13, 14476Potsdam, Germany
| | - Hendrik Fuchs
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Hartlieb
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, 14476Potsdam, Germany.,Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research (IAP), Geiselbergstraße 69, 14476Potsdam, Germany
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4
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Jiang W, Wu Y, Zhou M, Song G, Liu R. Advance and Designing Strategies in Polymeric Antifungal Agents Inspired by Membrane‐Active Peptides. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202202226. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weinan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
| | - Yueming Wu
- Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry Shanghai Frontier Science Research Base of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
| | - Min Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
| | - Gonghua Song
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
| | - Runhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
- Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry Shanghai Frontier Science Research Base of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
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5
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Pinto SN, Mil-Homens D, Pires RF, Alves MM, Serafim G, Martinho N, Melo M, Fialho AM, Bonifácio VDB. Core-shell polycationic polyurea pharmadendrimers: new-generation of sustainable broad-spectrum antibiotics and antifungals. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:5197-5207. [PMID: 35880970 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm00679k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The efficacy of conventional antimicrobials is falling to critical levels and raising alarming concerns around the globe. In this scenery, engineered nanoparticles emerged as a solid strategy to fight growing deadly infections. Here, we show the in vitro and in vivo performance of pharmadendrimers, a novel class of engineered polyurea dendrimers that are synthetic mimics of antibacterial peptides, against a collection of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and fungi. These nanobiomaterials are stable solids prepared by low-cost and green processes, display a dense positively charged core-shell, and are biocompatible and hemocompatible drugs. Mechanistic data, corroborated by coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations, points towards a fast-killing mechanism via membrane disruption, triggered by electrostatic interactions. Altogether this study provides strong evidence and support for the future use of polyurea pharmadendrimers in antibacterial and antifungal nanotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra N Pinto
- iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences and i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Dalila Mil-Homens
- iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences and i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Rita F Pires
- iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences and i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Marta M Alves
- Centro de Química Estrutural (CQE), Institute of Molecular Sciences, Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Gabriel Serafim
- iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences and i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Nuno Martinho
- iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences and i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Manuel Melo
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química Biológica António Xavier, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Arsénio M Fialho
- iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences and i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal. .,Bioengineering Department, Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Vasco D B Bonifácio
- iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences and i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal. .,Bioengineering Department, Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
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6
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Zober M, Lienkamp K. “Just Antimicrobial Is Not Enough” Revisited – From Antimicrobial Polymers To Microstructured Dual‐Functional Surfaces, Self‐regenerating Polymer Surfaces, and Polymer Materials with Switchable Bioactivity. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202200051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Zober
- Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK) University of Freiburg Georges‐Köhler‐Allee 105 79110 Freiburg Germany
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT) University of Freiburg Georges‐Köhler‐Allee 105 79110 Freiburg Germany
| | - Karen Lienkamp
- Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK) University of Freiburg Georges‐Köhler‐Allee 105 79110 Freiburg Germany
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT) University of Freiburg Georges‐Köhler‐Allee 105 79110 Freiburg Germany
- Professur für Polymerwerkstoffe Fachrichtung Materialwissenschaft und Werkstoffkunde Universität des Saarlandes Campus 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
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7
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Hernández-Valencia CG, Hernández-Valdepeña MA, Vázquez A, Cedeño-Caero L, Pedraza-Chaverri J, Sánchez-Sánchez R, Gimeno M. Enzymatic poly(gallic acid)-grafted α-l-lysine inhibits Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli strains with no cytotoxicity for human cells. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 138:212960. [PMID: 35913230 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.212960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The α-l-Lysine (LL) grafting onto the enzymatic poly(gallic acid) (PGAL) produces a helicoidal brush-like antimicrobial polymer containing outer positive-charged moieties. Best results are found with ca. 16 mol% α-LL-grafting for the inhibition of gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and gram-negative Escherichia coli strains. Membrane permeability, confocal and scanning electron microscopy studies suggest a pore-formation and translocation mechanisms by initial electrostatic interaction of positive charged polymer at the negatively charged bacterial membranes. The attained polymer displays high concentration of hemolysis (Hc) in erythrocytes, and no lymphocyte mitochondrial activity. Interestingly, PGAL-LL is not cytotoxic on human dermal fibroblast. The antioxidant activity after the LL hybridization is also demonstrated by DPPH, ORAC, FRAP and hydroxyl radical scavenging, which enhances the preservation of human cells in addition to antimicrobial for this polymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen G Hernández-Valencia
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Alimentos y Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Miguel A Hernández-Valdepeña
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Alimentos y Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Alfredo Vázquez
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Luis Cedeño-Caero
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México D.F. 04510, Mexico
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Roberto Sánchez-Sánchez
- Unidad de Ingeniería de Tejidos Terapia Celular y Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Ciudad de México, Mexico; Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Departamento de Bioingeniería, Instituto Tecnológico de Monterrey, Puente 222, Col. Arboledas del Sur, C.P. 14380 Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Miquel Gimeno
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Alimentos y Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico.
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8
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Moon HH, Choi EJ, Yun SH, Kim YC, Premkumar T, Song C. Aqueous lubrication and wear properties of nonionic bottle-brush polymers. RSC Adv 2022; 12:17740-17746. [PMID: 35765345 PMCID: PMC9199083 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra02711a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The usage of aqueous lubricants in eco-friendly bio-medical friction systems has attracted significant attention. Several bottle-brush polymers with generally ionic functional groups have been developed based on the structure of biological lubricant lubricin. However, hydrophilic nonionic brush polymers have attracted less attention, especially in terms of wear properties. We developed bottle-brush polymers (BP) using hydrophilic 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), a highly biocompatible yet nonionic molecule. The lubrication properties of polymer films were analyzed in an aqueous state using a ball-on-disk, which revealed that BPHEMA showed a lower aqueous friction coefficient than linear poly(HEMA), even lower than hyaluronic acid (HA) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), which are widely used as lubricating polymers. Significantly, we discovered that the combination of HA, PVA, and BPHEMA is demonstrated to be essential in influencing the surface wear properties; the ratio of 1 : 2 (HA : BPHEMA) had the maximum wear resistance, despite a slight increase in the aqueous friction coefficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwi Hyun Moon
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University Suwon Gyeonggi 16419 Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jung Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University Suwon Gyeonggi 16419 Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Ho Yun
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University Suwon Gyeonggi 16419 Republic of Korea
| | - Youn Chul Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University Suwon Gyeonggi 16419 Republic of Korea
| | - Thathan Premkumar
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University Suwon Gyeonggi 16419 Republic of Korea .,The University College, Sungkyunkwan University Suwon Gyeonggi 16419 Republic of Korea
| | - Changsik Song
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University Suwon Gyeonggi 16419 Republic of Korea
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9
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Svenson J, Molchanova N, Schroeder CI. Antimicrobial Peptide Mimics for Clinical Use: Does Size Matter? Front Immunol 2022; 13:915368. [PMID: 35720375 PMCID: PMC9204644 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.915368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The search for efficient antimicrobial therapies that can alleviate suffering caused by infections from resistant bacteria is more urgent than ever before. Infections caused by multi-resistant pathogens represent a significant and increasing burden to healthcare and society and researcher are investigating new classes of bioactive compounds to slow down this development. Antimicrobial peptides from the innate immune system represent one promising class that offers a potential solution to the antibiotic resistance problem due to their mode of action on the microbial membranes. However, challenges associated with pharmacokinetics, bioavailability and off-target toxicity are slowing down the advancement and use of innate defensive peptides. Improving the therapeutic properties of these peptides is a strategy for reducing the clinical limitations and synthetic mimics of antimicrobial peptides are emerging as a promising class of molecules for a variety of antimicrobial applications. These compounds can be made significantly shorter while maintaining, or even improving antimicrobial properties, and several downsized synthetic mimics are now in clinical development for a range of infectious diseases. A variety of strategies can be employed to prepare these small compounds and this review describes the different compounds developed to date by adhering to a minimum pharmacophore based on an amphiphilic balance between cationic charge and hydrophobicity. These compounds can be made as small as dipeptides, circumventing the need for large compounds with elaborate three-dimensional structures to generate simplified and potent antimicrobial mimics for a range of medical applications. This review highlight key and recent development in the field of small antimicrobial peptide mimics as a promising class of antimicrobials, illustrating just how small you can go.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Natalia Molchanova
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Christina I. Schroeder
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, United States
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10
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Péter B, Farkas E, Kurunczi S, Szittner Z, Bősze S, Ramsden JJ, Szekacs I, Horvath R. Review of Label-Free Monitoring of Bacteria: From Challenging Practical Applications to Basic Research Perspectives. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12040188. [PMID: 35448248 PMCID: PMC9026780 DOI: 10.3390/bios12040188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Novel biosensors already provide a fast way to detect the adhesion of whole bacteria (or parts of them), biofilm formation, and the effect of antibiotics. Moreover, the detection sensitivities of recent sensor technologies are large enough to investigate molecular-scale biological processes. Usually, these measurements can be performed in real time without using labeling. Despite these excellent capabilities summarized in the present work, the application of novel, label-free sensor technologies in basic biological research is still rare; the literature is dominated by heuristic work, mostly monitoring the presence and amount of a given analyte. The aims of this review are (i) to give an overview of the present status of label-free biosensors in bacteria monitoring, and (ii) to summarize potential novel directions with biological relevancies to initiate future development. Optical, mechanical, and electrical sensing technologies are all discussed with their detailed capabilities in bacteria monitoring. In order to review potential future applications of the outlined techniques in bacteria research, we summarize the most important kinetic processes relevant to the adhesion and survival of bacterial cells. These processes are potential targets of kinetic investigations employing modern label-free technologies in order to reveal new fundamental aspects. Resistance to antibacterials and to other antimicrobial agents, the most important biological mechanisms in bacterial adhesion and strategies to control adhesion, as well as bacteria-mammalian host cell interactions are all discussed with key relevancies to the future development and applications of biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrix Péter
- Nanobiosensorics Laboratory, Centre for Energy Research, Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, 1121 Budapest, Hungary; (E.F.); (S.K.); (Z.S.); (I.S.)
- Correspondence: (B.P.); (R.H.)
| | - Eniko Farkas
- Nanobiosensorics Laboratory, Centre for Energy Research, Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, 1121 Budapest, Hungary; (E.F.); (S.K.); (Z.S.); (I.S.)
| | - Sandor Kurunczi
- Nanobiosensorics Laboratory, Centre for Energy Research, Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, 1121 Budapest, Hungary; (E.F.); (S.K.); (Z.S.); (I.S.)
| | - Zoltán Szittner
- Nanobiosensorics Laboratory, Centre for Energy Research, Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, 1121 Budapest, Hungary; (E.F.); (S.K.); (Z.S.); (I.S.)
| | - Szilvia Bősze
- MTA-ELTE Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Institute of Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, 1120 Budapest, Hungary;
- National Public Health Center, 1097 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Jeremy J. Ramsden
- Clore Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Research, University of Buckingham, Buckingham MK18 1AD, UK;
| | - Inna Szekacs
- Nanobiosensorics Laboratory, Centre for Energy Research, Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, 1121 Budapest, Hungary; (E.F.); (S.K.); (Z.S.); (I.S.)
| | - Robert Horvath
- Nanobiosensorics Laboratory, Centre for Energy Research, Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, 1121 Budapest, Hungary; (E.F.); (S.K.); (Z.S.); (I.S.)
- Correspondence: (B.P.); (R.H.)
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11
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Wan P, Wang Y, Guo W, Song Z, Zhang S, Wu H, Yan W, Deng M, Xiao C. Low-Molecular-Weight Polylysines with Excellent Antibacterial Properties and Low Hemolysis. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:903-911. [PMID: 35050580 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c01527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The steady development of bacterial resistance has become a global public health issue, and new antibacterial agents that are active against drug-resistant bacteria and less susceptible to bacterial resistance are urgently needed. Here, a series of low-molecular-weight cationic polylysines (Cx-PLLn) with different hydrophobic end groups (Cx) and degrees of polymerization (PLLn) was synthesized and used in antibacterial applications. All the obtained Cx-PLLn have antibacterial activity. Among them, C6-PLL13 displays the best antibacterial effect for Gram-positive bacteria, that is, Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and highest selectivity against Gram-positive bacteria. A mechanistic study revealed that the C6-PLL13 destroys the integrity of the bacterial cell membrane and causes effective bacterial death. Owing to this membrane-disrupting property, C6-PLL13 showed rapid bacterial killing kinetics and was not likely to develop resistance after repeat treatment (up to 13 generations). Moreover, C6-PLL13 demonstrated a significant therapeutic effect on an MRSA infection mouse model, which further proved that this synthetic polymer could be used as an effective weapon against bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengqi Wan
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China
| | - Yongjie Wang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China
| | - Zhengwei Song
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Application for Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, P. R. China
| | - Shaokun Zhang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
| | - Hong Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, P. R. China
| | - Wei Yan
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Application for Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, P. R. China
| | - Mingxiao Deng
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, P. R. China
| | - Chunsheng Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China.,Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China
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12
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Chen J, Bao C, Han R, Li GZ, Zheng Z, Wang Y, Zhang Q. From poly(vinylimidazole) to cationic glycopolymers and glyco-particles: effective antibacterial agents with enhanced biocompatibility and selectivity. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01711j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Cationic glycopolymers have attracted great attention as a new type of antibacterial material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- Institute of Polymer Ecomaterials, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, P. R. China
| | - Chunyang Bao
- Institute of Polymer Ecomaterials, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, P. R. China
| | - Rui Han
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Guang-Zhao Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Zhaoquan Zheng
- Institute of Polymer Ecomaterials, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, P. R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- Institute of Polymer Ecomaterials, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Institute of Polymer Ecomaterials, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, P. R. China
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13
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Jung K, Corrigan N, Wong EHH, Boyer C. Bioactive Synthetic Polymers. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2105063. [PMID: 34611948 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202105063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic polymers are omnipresent in society as textiles and packaging materials, in construction and medicine, among many other important applications. Alternatively, natural polymers play a crucial role in sustaining life and allowing organisms to adapt to their environments by performing key biological functions such as molecular recognition and transmission of genetic information. In general, the synthetic and natural polymer worlds are completely separated due to the inability for synthetic polymers to perform specific biological functions; in some cases, synthetic polymers cause uncontrolled and unwanted biological responses. However, owing to the advancement of synthetic polymerization techniques in recent years, new synthetic polymers have emerged that provide specific biological functions such as targeted molecular recognition of peptides, or present antiviral, anticancer, and antimicrobial activities. In this review, the emergence of this generation of bioactive synthetic polymers and their bioapplications are summarized. Finally, the future opportunities in this area are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenward Jung
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), Australian Centre for Nanomedicine (ACN), and School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Nathaniel Corrigan
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), Australian Centre for Nanomedicine (ACN), and School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Edgar H H Wong
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), Australian Centre for Nanomedicine (ACN), and School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), Australian Centre for Nanomedicine (ACN), and School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
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14
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Cuervo-Rodríguez R, López-Fabal F, Muñoz-Bonilla A, Fernández-García M. Antibacterial Polymers Based on Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) and Thiazolium Groups with Hydrolytically Labile Linkages Leading to Inactive and Low Cytotoxic Compounds. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:7477. [PMID: 34885630 PMCID: PMC8659269 DOI: 10.3390/ma14237477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we develop a well-defined antibacterial polymer based on poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) and a derivative of vitamin B1, easily degradable into inactive and biocompatible compounds. Hence, thiazole moiety was attached to HEMA monomer through a carbonate pH-sensitive linkage and the resulting monomer was polymerized via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. N-alkylation reaction of the thiazole groups leads to cationic polymer with thiazolium groups. This polymer exhibits excellent antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with an MIC value of 78 µg mL-1, whereas its degradation product, thiazolium small molecule, was found to be inactive. Hemotoxicity studies confirm the negligible cytotoxicity of the degradation product in comparison with the original antibacterial polymer. The degradation of the polymer at physiological pH was found to be progressive and slow, thus the cationic polymer is expected to maintain its antibacterial characteristics at physiological conditions for a relative long period of time before its degradation. This degradation minimizes antimicrobial pollution in the environment and side effects in the body after eradicating bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Cuervo-Rodríguez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avenida Complutense s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Fátima López-Fabal
- Hospital Universitario de Móstoles, C/Dr. Luis Montes s/n, 28935 Móstoles, Spain;
| | - Alexandra Muñoz-Bonilla
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP-CSIC), C/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Fernández-García
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP-CSIC), C/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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15
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Synthesis and bioactivities of new N-terminal dipeptide mimetics with aromatic amide moiety: Broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and high antineoplastic activity. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 228:113977. [PMID: 34772526 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The increasingly growing epidemics of multidrug-resistant bacteria are becoming severe public health threat. There is in an urgent need to develop new antibacterial agents with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and high selectivity. Here, a series of N-terminal dipeptide mimetics with an aromatic amide moiety were synthesized from amino acids. The effects of amino acid type and aromatic moiety on the biological activities of the mimetics were evaluated. The dipeptide mimetics not only showed significant broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against Gram-negative (Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae), Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and drug-resistant bacterium MRSA (methicillin-resistant S. aureus) but also demonstrated high selectivity for S. aureus versus mammalian erythrocytes. The coupling product of L-valine with p-alkynylaniline (dipeptide mimetic 7) exhibited the best antibacterial activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranging from 2.5 to 5 μg/mL. Moreover, the bactericidal kinetics and multi-passage resistance tests indicated that the mimetic 7 both rapidly killed bacteria and had a low probability of emergence of antimalarial resistance. Meanwhile, the mimetic 7 possessed the ability to both inhibit bacterial biofilm formation and eradicate mature biofilm. The depolarization and destruction of the bacterial cell membrane is the main sterilization mechanism, which hinders the propensity to develop bacterial resistance. Furthermore, the mimetic 7 also showed good antineoplastic activity against gastric cancer cell (SGC 7901, IC50 = 70.8 μg/mL), while it had very low toxicity to mammalian cell (L929). The mimetics bear considerable potential to be used as antibacterial and anticancer agents to combat antibiotic resistance.
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16
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Dey R, Mukherjee S, Barman S, Haldar J. Macromolecular Nanotherapeutics and Antibiotic Adjuvants to Tackle Bacterial and Fungal Infections. Macromol Biosci 2021; 21:e2100182. [PMID: 34351064 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The escalating rise in the population of multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens coupled with their biofilm forming ability has struck the global health as nightmare. Alongwith the threat of aforementioned menace, the sluggish development of new antibiotics and the continuous deterioration of the antibiotic pipeline has stimulated the scientific community toward the search of smart and innovative alternatives. In near future, membrane targeting antimicrobial polymers, inspired from antimicrobial peptides, can stand out significantly to combat against the MDR superbugs. Many of these amphiphilic polymers can form nanoaggregates through self-assembly with superior and selective antimicrobial efficacy. Additionally, these macromolecular nanoaggregrates can be utilized to engineer smart antibiotic-delivery system for on-demand drug-release, exploiting the infection site's micoenvironment. This strategy substantially increases the local concentration of antibiotics and reduces the associated off-target toxicity. Furthermore, amphiphilc macromolecules can be utilized to rejuvinate obsolete antibiotics to tackle the drug-resistant infections. This review article highlights the recent developments in macromolecular architecture to design numerous nanostructures with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, their application in fabricating smart drug delivery systems and their efficacy as antibiotic adjuvants to circumvent antimicrobial resistance. Finally, the current challenges and future prospects are briefly discussed for further exploration and their practical application in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajib Dey
- Antimicrobial Research Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560064, India
| | - Sudip Mukherjee
- Antimicrobial Research Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560064, India
| | - Swagatam Barman
- Antimicrobial Research Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560064, India
| | - Jayanta Haldar
- Antimicrobial Research Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560064, India.,Antimicrobial Research Laboratory, School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560064, India
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17
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Falanga A, Del Genio V, Kaufman EA, Zannella C, Franci G, Weck M, Galdiero S. Engineering of Janus-Like Dendrimers with Peptides Derived from Glycoproteins of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1: Toward a Versatile and Novel Antiviral Platform. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6488. [PMID: 34204295 PMCID: PMC8234430 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel antiviral nanotherapeutics, which may inactivate the virus and block it from entering host cells, represent an important challenge to face viral global health emergencies around the world. Using a combination of bioorthogonal copper-catalyzed 1,3-dipolar alkyne/azide cycloaddition (CuAAC) and photoinitiated thiol-ene coupling, monofunctional and bifunctional peptidodendrimer conjugates were obtained. The conjugates are biocompatible and demonstrate no toxicity to cells at biologically relevant concentrations. Furthermore, the orthogonal addition of multiple copies of two different antiviral peptides on the surface of a single dendrimer allowed the resulting bioconjugates to inhibit Herpes simplex virus type 1 at both the early and the late stages of the infection process. The presented work builds on further improving this attractive design to obtain a new class of therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annarita Falanga
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Università 100, Portici, 80055 Naples, Italy;
| | - Valentina Del Genio
- Department of Pharmacy and CIRPEB, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Elizabeth A. Kaufman
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Design Institute, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA; (E.A.K.); (M.W.)
| | - Carla Zannella
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Second University of Naples, Via de Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Gianluigi Franci
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy;
| | - Marcus Weck
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Design Institute, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA; (E.A.K.); (M.W.)
| | - Stefania Galdiero
- Department of Pharmacy and CIRPEB, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy;
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18
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Shi Z, Zhang X, Yu Z, Yang F, Liu H, Xue R, Luan S, Tang H. Facile Synthesis of Imidazolium-Based Block Copolypeptides with Excellent Antimicrobial Activity. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:2373-2381. [PMID: 33955730 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial polypeptides are promising mimics of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) with low risks of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Polypeptides with facile and efficient production, high antimicrobial activity, and low toxicity toward mammalian cells are highly desirable for practical applications. Herein, triblock copolypeptides with chloro groups (PPGn-PCPBLGm) and different main-chain lengths were synthesized via an ultrafast ring-opening polymerization (ROP) using a macroinitiator, namely poly(propylene glycol) bis(2-aminopropyl ether), and purified or nonpurified monomer (i.e., CPBLG-NCA). PPGn-PCPBLGm with 90 amino acid residues can be readily prepared within 300 s. Imidazolium-based block copolypeptides (PPGn-PILm) were facilely prepared via nucleophilic substitution of PPGn-PCPBLGm with NaN3 and subsequent "click" chemistry. α-Helical PPGn-PILm can self-assemble into nanostructured and cationic micelles which displayed highly potent antimicrobial activity and low hemolysis. The top-performing material, namely PPG34-PIL70, showed low minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against both Gram-positive S. aureus and Gram-negative E. coli (25 μg mL-1). It also displayed low toxicity against mouse embryonic fibroblast (NIH 3T3) and human embryonic kidney (293T) cells at 2× MIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuowen Shi
- Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials and Application Technology of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Zikun Yu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Fangping Yang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ruizhong Xue
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Shifang Luan
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Haoyu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials and Application Technology of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, China.,Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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19
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Liu H, Zhang X, Zhao Z, Yang F, Xue R, Yin L, Song Z, Cheng J, Luan S, Tang H. Efficient synthesis and excellent antimicrobial activity of star-shaped cationic polypeptides with improved biocompatibility. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:2721-2731. [PMID: 33617610 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm02151b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been considered as a promising new tool to combat the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) crisis. However, the high toxicity and high cost of AMPs hampered their further development. Herein, a series of star poly(L-lysine) (PLL) homo- and copolymers with excellent antimicrobial activity and improved biocompatibility were prepared by the combination of ultra-fast ring opening polymerization (ROP) and side-chain modification. The amine-terminated polyamidoamine dendrimer (Gx-PAMAM) mediated ROP of Nε-tert-butyloxycarbonyl-L-lysine N-carboxyanhydride (Boc-L-Lys-NCA) and γ-benzyl-L-glutamic acid-based N-carboxyanhydride (PBLG-NCA) was able to prepare star PLL homo- and copolymers with 400 residues within 50 min. While the star PLL homopolymers exhibited low minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC = 50-200 μg mL-1) against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (i.e., S. aureus and E. coli), they showed high toxicity against various mammalian cell lines. The star PLL copolymers with low contents of hydrophobic and hydroxyl groups showed enhanced antimicrobial activity (MIC = 25-50 μg mL-1) and improved mammalian cell viability. Both SEM and CLSM results indicated the antimicrobial mechanism of membrane disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science & Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
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20
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Zhang X, Landis RF, Keshri P, Cao-Milán R, Luther DC, Gopalakrishnan S, Liu Y, Huang R, Li G, Malassiné M, Uddin I, Rondon B, Rotello VM. Intracellular Activation of Anticancer Therapeutics Using Polymeric Bioorthogonal Nanocatalysts. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2001627. [PMID: 33314745 PMCID: PMC7933084 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202001627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Bioorthogonal catalysis provides a promising strategy for imaging and therapeutic applications, providing controlled in situ activation of pro-dyes and prodrugs. In this work, the use of a polymeric scaffold to encapsulate transition metal catalysts (TMCs), generating bioorthogonal "polyzymes," is presented. These polyzymes enhance the stability of TMCs, protecting the catalytic centers from deactivation in biological media. The therapeutic potential of these polyzymes is demonstrated by the transformation of a nontoxic prodrug to an anticancer drug (mitoxantrone), leading to the cancer cell death in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianzhi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Ryan F Landis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Puspam Keshri
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Roberto Cao-Milán
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - David C Luther
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Sanjana Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Yuanchang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Gengtan Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Morgane Malassiné
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
- École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Mulhouse, Université de Haute-Alsace, Mulhouse, 68200, France
| | - Imad Uddin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra, 21300, Pakistan
| | - Brayan Rondon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Vincent M Rotello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
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21
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Chiloeches A, Funes A, Cuervo-Rodríguez R, López-Fabal F, Fernández-García M, Echeverría C, Muñoz-Bonilla A. Biobased polymers derived from itaconic acid bearing clickable groups with potent antibacterial activity and negligible hemolytic activity. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00098e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of new biobased polymers derived from itaconic acid with excellent antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria and very low hemotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Chiloeches
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP-CSIC)
- 28006 Madrid
- Spain
- Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED)
- 28015 Madrid
| | - A. Funes
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid
- 28040 Madrid
- Spain
| | - R. Cuervo-Rodríguez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid
- 28040 Madrid
- Spain
| | - F. López-Fabal
- Hospital Universitario de Móstoles C/Dr. Luis Montes
- Madrid
- Spain
- Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales
- Universidad Francisco de Vitoria
| | - M. Fernández-García
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP-CSIC)
- 28006 Madrid
- Spain
- Interdisciplinary Platform for Sustainable Plastics towards a Circular Economy-Spanish National Research Council (SusPlast-CSIC)
- Madrid
| | - C. Echeverría
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP-CSIC)
- 28006 Madrid
- Spain
- Interdisciplinary Platform for Sustainable Plastics towards a Circular Economy-Spanish National Research Council (SusPlast-CSIC)
- Madrid
| | - A. Muñoz-Bonilla
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP-CSIC)
- 28006 Madrid
- Spain
- Interdisciplinary Platform for Sustainable Plastics towards a Circular Economy-Spanish National Research Council (SusPlast-CSIC)
- Madrid
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22
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Antimicrobial and antitumor activity of peptidomimetics synthesized from amino acids. Bioorg Chem 2020; 106:104506. [PMID: 33276980 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Thirteen cationic peptidomimetics derived from amino acids bearing an alkyl or ethynylphenyl moiety that mimic the structure of cationic antibacterial peptides were designed and synthesized using a simple coupling reaction of an amino acid with a substituted amine. Antibacterial activities of the resulting peptidomimetics against drug-sensitive bacteria, such as Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Bacillus subtilis, Gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Salmonella enterica, and a drug-resistant bacterium, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), were systematically evaluated. Most peptidomimetics show significant broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. A-L-Iso-C12 (isoleucine derivative bearing a dodecyl moiety) show MICs of 2.5 μg/mL against S. aureus and 4 μg/mL against MRSA and A-L-Val-C12 (valine derivative bearing a dodecyl moiety) show MICs of 1.67 μg/mL against E. coli and 8.3 μg/mL against MRSA. A-L-Val-C12 showed low cytotoxicity toward L929 cells in comparison with SGC 7901 cells, indicating tumor-directed killing by peptidomimetics while avoiding toxicity to normal cells. The influences of type of amino acid and substituent, length of substituent, and stereochemistry of amino acids on antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of peptidomimetics were systematically investigated. The results indicate that this series of cationic peptidomimetics derived from amino acids display antitumor activity and may be useful for treatment of bacterial infections.
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23
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Ahmetali E, Sen P, Süer NC, Aksu B, Nyokong T, Eren T, Şener MK. Enhanced Light‐Driven Antimicrobial Activity of Cationic Poly(oxanorbornene)s by Phthalocyanine Incorporation into Polymer as Pendants. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202000386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erem Ahmetali
- Department of Chemistry Yıldız Technical University Istanbul 34210 Turkey
| | - Pinar Sen
- Department of Chemistry Rhodes University Grahamstown 6140 South Africa
| | - N. Ceren Süer
- Department of Chemistry Yıldız Technical University Istanbul 34210 Turkey
| | - Burak Aksu
- Department of Medical Microbiology Marmara University Istanbul 34854 Turkey
| | - Tebello Nyokong
- Department of Chemistry Yıldız Technical University Istanbul 34210 Turkey
- Department of Chemistry Rhodes University Grahamstown 6140 South Africa
| | - Tarik Eren
- Department of Chemistry Yıldız Technical University Istanbul 34210 Turkey
| | - M. Kasım Şener
- Department of Chemistry Yıldız Technical University Istanbul 34210 Turkey
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24
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Brittin J, Fry MR, Punia A, Johnson KA, Sengupta A. Antibacterial and hemolytic properties of acrylate-based random ternary copolymers comprised of same center cationic, ethyl and poly(oligoethylene glycol) side chains. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.109757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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25
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Cho CA, Liang C, Perera J, Brimble MA, Swift S, Jin J. Guanidinylated Amphiphilic Polycarbonates with Enhanced Antimicrobial Activity by Extending the Length of the Spacer Arm and Micelle Self-Assembly. Macromol Biosci 2020; 20:e2000065. [PMID: 32459065 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202000065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Nine guanidinylated amphiphilic polycarbonates are rationally designed and synthesized. Each polymer has the same biodegradable backbone but different side groups. The influence of the hydrophobic/hydrophilic effect on antimicrobial activities and cytotoxicity is systematically investigated. The results verify that tuning the length of the spacer arm between the cationic guanidine group and the polycarbonate backbone is an efficient design strategy to alter the hydrophobic/hydrophilic balance without changing the cationic charge density. A spacer arm of six methylene units (CH2 )6 shows the best antimicrobial activity (minimum inhibitory concentration, MIC = 40 µg mL-1 against Escherichia coli, MIC = 20 µg mL-1 against Staphylococcus aureus, MIC = 40 µg mL-1 against Candida albicans) with low hemolytic activity (HC50 > 2560 µg mL-1 ). Furthermore, the guanidinylated polycarbonates exhibit the ability to self-assemble and present micelle-like nanostructure due to their intrinsic amphiphilic macromolecular structure. Transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering measurements confirm polymer micelle formation in aqueous solution with sizes ranging from 82 to 288 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe A Cho
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Chao Liang
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Janesha Perera
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Margaret A Brimble
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Simon Swift
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Jianyong Jin
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
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Tan J, Tay J, Hedrick J, Yang YY. Synthetic macromolecules as therapeutics that overcome resistance in cancer and microbial infection. Biomaterials 2020; 252:120078. [PMID: 32417653 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic macromolecular antimicrobials have shown efficacy in the treatment of multidrug resistant (MDR) pathogens. These synthetic macromolecules, inspired by Nature's antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), mitigate resistance by disrupting microbial cell membrane or targeting multiple intracellular proteins or genes. Unlike AMPs, these polymers are less prone to degradation by proteases and are easier to synthesize on a large scale. Recently, various studies have revealed that cancer cell membrane, like that of microbes, is negatively charged, and AMPs can be used as anticancer agents. Nevertheless, efforts in developing polymers as anticancer agents has remained limited. This review highlights the recent advancement in the development of synthetic biodegradable antimicrobial polymers (e.g. polycarbonates, polyesters and polypeptides) and anticancer macromolecules including peptides and polymers. Additionally, strategies to improve their in vivo bioavailability and selectivity towards bacteria and cancer cells are examined. Lastly, future perspectives, including use of artificial intelligence or machine learning, in the development of antimicrobial and anticancer macromolecules are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Tan
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, 31 Biopolis Way, Singapore, 138669, Singapore; Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Joyce Tay
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, 31 Biopolis Way, Singapore, 138669, Singapore; Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - James Hedrick
- IBM Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Road, San Jose, CA, 95120, United States
| | - Yi Yan Yang
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, 31 Biopolis Way, Singapore, 138669, Singapore.
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27
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Michl TD, Hibbs B, Hyde L, Postma A, Tran DTT, Zhalgasbaikyzy A, Vasilev K, Meagher L, Griesser HJ, Locock KES. Bacterial membrane permeability of antimicrobial polymethacrylates: Evidence for a complex mechanism from super-resolution fluorescence imaging. Acta Biomater 2020; 108:168-177. [PMID: 32179195 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Amphiphilic polymers bearing cationic moieties are an emerging alternative to traditional antibiotics given their broad-spectrum activity and low susceptibility to the development of resistance. To date, however, much remains unclear regarding their mechanism of action. Using functional assays (ATP leakage, cell viability, DNA binding) and super-high resolution structured illumination microscopy (OMX-SR) of fluorescently tagged polymers, we present evidence for a complex mechanism, involving membrane permeation as well as cellular uptake, interaction with intracellular targets and possible complexation with bacterial DNA. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This manuscript details the first study to systematically and directly investigate the mechanism of action of antimicrobial polymers, using super-resolution fluorescence imaging as well as functional assays. While many in the field cite membrane permeation as the sole mechanism underlying the activity of such polymers, we present evidence for multimodal actions including high cellular uptake and interaction with intracellular targets. It is also the first report to show competitive binding of antimicrobial polymers with bacterial DNA in a dose-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas D Michl
- School of Engineering, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Blvd, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Ben Hibbs
- Materials Characterisation and Fabrication Platform, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Lauren Hyde
- Materials Characterisation and Fabrication Platform, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Almar Postma
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Research Way, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Dung Thuy Thi Tran
- School of Engineering, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Blvd, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Aigerim Zhalgasbaikyzy
- School of Engineering, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Blvd, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Krasimir Vasilev
- School of Engineering, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Blvd, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Laurence Meagher
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Hans J Griesser
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Blvd, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Katherine E S Locock
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Research Way, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
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28
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Cuervo-Rodríguez R, Muñoz-Bonilla A, López-Fabal F, Fernández-García M. Hemolytic and Antimicrobial Activities of a Series of Cationic Amphiphilic Copolymers Comprised of Same Centered Comonomers with Thiazole Moieties and Polyethylene Glycol Derivatives. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E972. [PMID: 32331281 PMCID: PMC7240493 DOI: 10.3390/polym12040972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of well-defined antimicrobial polymers composed of comonomers bearing thiazole ring (2-(((2-(4-methylthiazol-5-yl)ethoxy)carbonyl)oxy)ethyl methacrylate monomer (MTZ)) and non-hemotoxic poly(ethylene glycol) side chains (poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (PEGMA)) were synthesized by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. By post-polymerization functionalization strategy, polymers were quaternized with either butyl or octyl iodides to result in cationic amphiphilic copolymers incorporating thiazolium groups, thus with variable hydrophobic/hydrophilic balance associated to the length of the alkylating agent. Likewise, the molar percentage of PEGMA was modulated in the copolymers, also affecting the amphiphilicity. The antimicrobial activities of these cationic polymers were determined against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and fungi. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was found to be dependent on both length of the alkyl hydrophobic chain and the content of PEGMA in the copolymers. More hydrophobic octylated copolymers were found to be more effective against all tested microorganisms. The incorporation of non-ionic hydrophilic units, PEGMA, reduces the hydrophobicity of the system and the activity is markedly reduced. This effect is dramatic in the case of butylated copolymers, in which the hydrophobic/hydrophilic balance is highly affected. The hemolytic properties of polymers analyzed against human red blood cells were greatly affected by the hydrophobic/hydrophilic balance of the copolymers and the content of PEGMA, which drastically reduces the hemotoxicity. The copolymers containing longer hydrophobic chain, octyl, are much more hemotoxic than their corresponding butylated copolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Cuervo-Rodríguez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avenida Complutense s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - A. Muñoz-Bonilla
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP-CSIC), C/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain;
- Interdisciplinary Platform for Sustainable Plastics towards a Circular Economy-Spanish National Research Council (SusPlast-CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - F. López-Fabal
- Hospital Universitario de Móstoles C/ Luis Montes, s/n, 28935 Madrid, Spain;
| | - M. Fernández-García
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP-CSIC), C/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain;
- Interdisciplinary Platform for Sustainable Plastics towards a Circular Economy-Spanish National Research Council (SusPlast-CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain
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29
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Williams DN, Saar JS, Bleicher V, Rau S, Lienkamp K, Rosenzweig Z. Poly(oxanorbornene)-Coated CdTe Quantum Dots as Antibacterial Agents. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:1097-1104. [PMID: 33215080 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b01045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
In this study, synthetic mimics of antimicrobial peptides based on poly(oxanorbornene) molecules (or PONs) were used to coat CdTe quantum dots (QDs). These PONs-CdTe QDs were investigated for their activity against Escherichia coli, a bacterium with antibiotic resistant strains. At the same time, the antibacterial activity of the PONs-CdTe QDs was compared to the antibacterial activity of free PONs and free CdTe QDs. The observed antibacterial activity of the PONs-CdTe QDs was additive and concentration dependent. The conjugates had a significantly lower minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) than the free PONs and QDs, particularly for PONs-CdTe QDs which contained PONs of high amine density. The maximum activity of PONs-CdTe QDs was not realized by conjugating PONs with the highest intrinsic antibacterial activity (i.e., the lowest MIC in solution as free PONs), indicating that the mechanism of action for free PONs and PONs-CdTe QDs is different. Equally important, conjugating PONs to CdTe QDs decreased their hemolytic activity against red blood cells compared to free PONs, lending to higher therapeutic indices against E. coli. This could potentially enable the use of higher, and therefore more effective, PONs-QDs concentrations when addressing bacterial contamination, without concerns of adverse impacts on mammalian cells and organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sibylle Rau
- Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Zeev Rosenzweig
- University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland
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30
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Islam MN, Aksu B, Güncü M, Gallei M, Tulu M, Eren T. Amphiphilic water soluble cationic ring opening metathesis copolymer as an antibacterial agent. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20190194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Nazrul Islam
- Faculty of Science and Arts, Department of ChemistryYildiz Technical University Esenler, Istanbul Turkey
| | - Burak Aksu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical MicrobiologyMarmara University Maltepe, Istanbul Turkey
| | - Mehmet Güncü
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical MicrobiologyMarmara University Maltepe, Istanbul Turkey
| | - Markus Gallei
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular ChemistrySaarland University Saarbrucken Germany
| | - Metin Tulu
- Faculty of Science and Arts, Department of ChemistryYildiz Technical University Esenler, Istanbul Turkey
| | - Tarik Eren
- Faculty of Science and Arts, Department of ChemistryYildiz Technical University Esenler, Istanbul Turkey
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31
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Himmelsbach A, Schneider‐Chaabane A, Lienkamp K. Asymmetrically Substituted Poly(diitaconates) Obtained by Reversible Addition‐Fragmentation Chain Transfer (RAFT) Polymerization: Synthesis, Copolymerization Parameters, and Antimicrobial Activity. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201900346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Himmelsbach
- Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK) and Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT)University of Freiburg Georges‐Köhler‐Allee 105 79110 Freiburg Germany
| | - Alexandra Schneider‐Chaabane
- Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK) and Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT)University of Freiburg Georges‐Köhler‐Allee 105 79110 Freiburg Germany
| | - Karen Lienkamp
- Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK) and Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT)University of Freiburg Georges‐Köhler‐Allee 105 79110 Freiburg Germany
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32
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Tan JPK, Tan J, Park N, Xu K, Chan ED, Yang C, Piunova VA, Ji Z, Lim A, Shao J, Bai A, Bai X, Mantione D, Sardon H, Yang YY, Hedrick JL. Upcycling Poly(ethylene terephthalate) Refuse to Advanced Therapeutics for the Treatment of Nosocomial and Mycobacterial Infections. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy P. K. Tan
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Jason Tan
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Nathanial Park
- IBM Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Road, San Jose, California 95120, United States
| | - Kaijin Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Edward D. Chan
- National Jewish Health, D509, 1400 Jackson St., Denver, Colorado 80206, United States
| | - Chuan Yang
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Victoria A. Piunova
- IBM Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Road, San Jose, California 95120, United States
| | - Zhongkang Ji
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Alexandra Lim
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Jundan Shao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - An Bai
- National Jewish Health, D509, 1400 Jackson St., Denver, Colorado 80206, United States
| | - Xiyuan Bai
- National Jewish Health, D509, 1400 Jackson St., Denver, Colorado 80206, United States
| | - Daniele Mantione
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Avda. Tolosa 7, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Haritz Sardon
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Avda. Tolosa 7, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Yi Yan Yang
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - James L. Hedrick
- IBM Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Road, San Jose, California 95120, United States
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33
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Judzewitsch PR, Zhao L, Wong EHH, Boyer C. High-Throughput Synthesis of Antimicrobial Copolymers and Rapid Evaluation of Their Bioactivity. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter R. Judzewitsch
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN), School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Lily Zhao
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN), School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Edgar H. H. Wong
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN), School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN), School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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34
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Palermo EF, Lienkamp K, Gillies ER, Ragogna PJ. Antibacterial Activity of Polymers: Discussions on the Nature of Amphiphilic Balance. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201813810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Edmund F. Palermo
- Rensselaer Polytechnic InstituteMaterials Science and Engineering 110 8th St. Troy NY 12180 USA
| | - Karen Lienkamp
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT) and Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK)Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Georges-Köhler-Allee 105 79110 Freiburg Germany
| | - Elizabeth R. Gillies
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials ResearchDepartment of ChemistryThe University of Western Ontario 1151 Richmond St. London Canada
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical EngineeringThe University of Western Ontario 1151 Richmond St. London Canada
| | - Paul J. Ragogna
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials ResearchDepartment of ChemistryThe University of Western Ontario 1151 Richmond St. London Canada
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35
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Palermo EF, Lienkamp K, Gillies ER, Ragogna PJ. Antibacterial Activity of Polymers: Discussions on the Nature of Amphiphilic Balance. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:3690-3693. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201813810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Edmund F. Palermo
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Materials Science and Engineering 110 8th St. Troy NY 12180 USA
| | - Karen Lienkamp
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT) and Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK) Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Georges-Köhler-Allee 105 79110 Freiburg Germany
| | - Elizabeth R. Gillies
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research Department of Chemistry The University of Western Ontario 1151 Richmond St. London Canada
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering The University of Western Ontario 1151 Richmond St. London Canada
| | - Paul J. Ragogna
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research Department of Chemistry The University of Western Ontario 1151 Richmond St. London Canada
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36
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Widyaya VT, Müller C, Al-Ahmad A, Lienkamp K. Three-Dimensional, Bifunctional Microstructured Polymer Hydrogels Made from Polyzwitterions and Antimicrobial Polymers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:1211-1226. [PMID: 30563333 PMCID: PMC7611509 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b03410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Biofilm-associated infections of medical devices are a global problem. For the prevention of such infections, biomaterial surfaces are chemically or topographically modified to slow down the initial stages of biofilm formation. In the bifunctional material here presented, chemical and topographical cues are combined, so that protein and bacterial adhesion as well as bacterial proliferation are effectively inhibited. Upon changes in the surface topography parameters and investigation of the effect of these changes on bioactivity, structure-property relationships are obtained. The target material is obtained by microcontact printing (μCP), a soft lithography method. The antimicrobial component, poly(oxanorbornene)-based synthetic mimics of an antimicrobial peptide (SMAMP), was printed onto a protein-repellent polysulfobetaine hydrogel, so that bifunctional 3D structured polymer surfaces with 1, 2, and 8.5 μm spacing are obtained. These surfaces are characterized with fluorescence microscopy, surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and contact angle measurements. Biological studies show that the bifunctional surfaces with 1 and 2 μm spacing are 100% antimicrobially active against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, 100% fibrinogen-repellent, and nontoxic to human gingival mucosal keratinocytes. At 8.5 μm spacing, the broad-band antimicrobial activity and the protein repellency are compromised, which indicates that this spacing is above the upper limit for effective simultaneous antimicrobial activity and protein repellency of polyzwitterionic-polycationic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vania Tanda Widyaya
- Bioactive Polymer Synthesis and Surface Engineering Group, Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK) and Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Claas Müller
- Laboratory for Process Technology, Department of Microsystem Engineering (IMTEK), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ali Al-Ahmad
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Center for Dental Medicine of the Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106 Germany
| | - Karen Lienkamp
- Bioactive Polymer Synthesis and Surface Engineering Group, Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK) and Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
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37
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Chen CK, Lee MC, Lin ZI, Lee CA, Tung YC, Lou CW, Law WC, Chen NT, Lin KYA, Lin JH. Intensifying the Antimicrobial Activity of Poly[2-( tert-butylamino)ethyl Methacrylate]/Polylactide Composites by Tailoring Their Chemical and Physical Structures. Mol Pharm 2019; 16:709-723. [PMID: 30589552 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b01011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Poly[2-( tert-butylaminoethyl) methacrylate] (PTA), an important class of antimicrobial polymers, has demonstrated its great biocidal efficiency, favorable nontoxicity, and versatile applicability. To further enhance its antimicrobial efficiency, an optimization of the chemical structure of PTA polymers is performed via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) in terms of the antimicrobial ability against Escherichia coli ( E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus). After the optimization, the resulting PTA is blended into a polylactide (PLA) matrix to form PTA/PLA composite thin films. It is first found, that the antimicrobial efficiency of PTA/PLA composites was significantly enhanced by controlling the PLA crystallinity and the PLA spherulite size. A possible mechanistic route regarding this new finding has been rationally discussed. Lastly, the cytotoxicity and mechanical properties of a PTA/PLA composite thin film exhibiting the best biocidal effect are evaluated for assessing its potential as a new material for creating antimicrobial biomedical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Kuang Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Engineering , National Yunlin University of Science and Technology , Yunlin 64002 , Taiwan
| | - Mong-Chuan Lee
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology and Biomedical Engineering , Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology , Taichung 40601 , Taiwan
| | - Zheng-Ian Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Engineering , National Yunlin University of Science and Technology , Yunlin 64002 , Taiwan
| | - Chun-An Lee
- Department of Fiber and Composite Materials , Feng Chia University , Taichung 40724 , Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chieh Tung
- Department of Fiber and Composite Materials , Feng Chia University , Taichung 40724 , Taiwan
| | - Ching-Wen Lou
- College of Textile and Clothing , Qingdao University , Shangdong 266071 , China.,Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials , Ocean College, Minjiang University , Fuzhou 350108 , China.,Innovation Platform of Intelligent and Energy-Saving Textiles, School of Textiles , Tianjin Polytechnic University , Tianjin 300387 , China.,Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering , Asia University , Taichung 41354 , Taiwan
| | - Wing-Cheung Law
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering , The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hung Hom, Kowloon , Hong Kong SAR , China
| | - Nai-Tzu Chen
- Institute of New Drug Development , China Medical University , Taichung 40402 , Taiwan
| | - Kun-Yi Andrew Lin
- Department of Environmental Engineering , National Chung Hsing University , Taichung 40227 , Taiwan
| | - Jia-Horng Lin
- Department of Fiber and Composite Materials , Feng Chia University , Taichung 40724 , Taiwan.,College of Textile and Clothing , Qingdao University , Shangdong 266071 , China.,Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials , Ocean College, Minjiang University , Fuzhou 350108 , China.,Innovation Platform of Intelligent and Energy-Saving Textiles, School of Textiles , Tianjin Polytechnic University , Tianjin 300387 , China.,School of Chinese Medicine , China Medical University , Taichung 40402 , Taiwan.,Department of Fashion Design , Asia University , Taichung 41354 , Taiwan
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38
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Abstract
Surface-attached, degradable polymer hydrogels with potential antimicrobial activity are reported. They were obtained by ring-opening metathesis copolymerization (ROMP) of a monomer with potential bioactivity and a monomer that carries a benzophenone cross-linker and a hydrolyzable group. The hydrolyzable group was either an ester or an anhydride group. The copolymers thus obtained were spin-coated onto silicon wafers and UV-irradiated to induce C,H cross-linking of the benzophenone groups and obtain the target polymer networks. Immersion of these networks into aqueous media triggered network degradation. The degradation speed depended on the nature of the intended break points (ester or anhydride groups), the number of cross-links per polymer chain, and the surrounding medium. By releasing bioactive polymer fragments to the medium ("leaching") and by regenerating the hydrogel surface during the degradation process, the hydrogels potentially have two ways to prevent biofilm formation on their surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Erath
- Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK) and Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT), University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Karen Lienkamp
- Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK) and Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT), University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
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39
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Szkudlarek M, Heine E, Keul H, Beginn U, Möller M. Synthesis, Characterization, and Antimicrobial Properties of Peptides Mimicking Copolymers of Maleic Anhydride and 4-Methyl-1-pentene. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E2617. [PMID: 30181456 PMCID: PMC6163474 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthetic amphiphilic copolymers with strong antimicrobial properties mimicking natural antimicrobial peptides were obtained via synthesis of an alternating copolymer of maleic anhydride and 4-methyl-1-pentene. The obtained copolymer was modified by grafting with 3-(dimethylamino)-1-propylamine (DMAPA) and imidized in a one-pot synthesis. The obtained copolymer was modified further to yield polycationic copolymers by means of quaternization with methyl iodide and dodecyl iodide, as well as by being sequentially quaternized with both of them. The antimicrobial properties of obtained copolymers were tested against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Staphylococcus aureus. Both tested quaternized copolymers were more active against the Gram-negative E. coli than against the Gram-positive S. aureus. The copolymer modified with both iodides was best when tested against E. coli and, comparing all three copolymers, also exhibited the best effect against S. aureus. Moreover, it shows (limited) selectivity to differentiate between mammalian cells and bacterial cell walls. Comparing the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Nisin against the Gram-positive bacteria on the molar basis instead on the weight basis, the difference between the effect of Nisin and the copolymer is significantly lower.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian Szkudlarek
- DWI Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials and Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 50, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Elisabeth Heine
- DWI Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials and Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 50, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Helmut Keul
- DWI Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials and Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 50, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Uwe Beginn
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Osnabrück, OMC, Barbarastraße 7, D-49076 Osnabrück, Germany.
| | - Martin Möller
- DWI Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials and Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 50, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
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40
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Boschert D, Schneider-Chaabane A, Himmelsbach A, Eickenscheidt A, Lienkamp K. Synthesis and Bioactivity of Polymer-Based Synthetic Mimics of Antimicrobial Peptides (SMAMPs) Made from Asymmetrically Disubstituted Itaconates. Chemistry 2018; 24:8217-8227. [PMID: 29600579 PMCID: PMC7611503 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A series of asymmetrically disubstituted diitaconate monomers is presented. Starting from itaconic anhydride, functional groups could be placed selectively at the two nonequivalent carbonyl groups. By using 2D NMR spectroscopy, it was shown that the first functionalization step occurred at the carbonyl group in the β position to the double bond. These monomers were copolymerized with N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMAA) to yield polymer-based synthetic mimics of antimicrobial peptides (SMAMPs). They were obtained by free radical polymerization, a metal-free process, and still maintained facial amphiphilicity at the repeat unit level. This eliminates the need for laborious metal removal and is advantageous from a regulatory and product safety perspective. The poly(diitaconate-co-DMAA) copolymers obtained were statistical to alternating, and the monomer feed ratio roughly matched that of the repeat unit content of the copolymers. Investigations of varied R group hydrophobicity, repeat unit ratio, and molecular mass on antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli and on compatibility with human keratinocytes showed that the polymers with the longest R groups and lowest DMAA content were the most antimicrobial and hemolytic. This is in agreement with the biological activity of previously reported SMAMPs. Thus, the design concept of facial amphiphilicity has successfully been transferred, but the selectivity of these polymers for bacteria over mammalian cells still needs to be optimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Boschert
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT) and Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Schneider-Chaabane
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT) and Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Himmelsbach
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT) and Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alice Eickenscheidt
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT) and Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Karen Lienkamp
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT) and Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
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41
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Zheng Z, Saar J, Zhi B, Qiu TA, Gallagher MJ, Fairbrother DH, Haynes CL, Lienkamp K, Rosenzweig Z. Structure-Property Relationships of Amine-rich and Membrane-Disruptive Poly(oxonorbornene)-Coated Gold Nanoparticles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:4614-4625. [PMID: 29558808 PMCID: PMC6419523 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b04285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The article describes the interactions between poly (oxonorbornenes) (PONs)-coated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with phospholipid vesicles and shows that the strength of these interactions strongly depends on the molecular structure of PONs, specifically their amine/alkyl side chain ratio. PONs, which are a recently introduced class of cationic polyelectrolytes, can be systematically varied to control the amine/alkyl ratio and to explore how the chemical character of cationic polyelectrolytes affects their interactions and the interactions of their nanoparticle conjugates with model membranes. Our study shows that increasing the amine/alkyl ratio by copolymerization of diamine and 1:1 amine/butyl oxonorbornene monomers impacts the availability of PONs amine/ammonium functional groups to interact with phospholipid membranes, the PONs surface coverage on AuNPs, and the membrane disruption activity of free PONs and PONs-AuNPs. The study makes use of transmission electron microscopy, UV-vis spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, thermogravimetric analysis, fluorescamine assay, ζ-potential measurements, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements to characterize the PONs-AuNPs' size, size distribution, aggregation state, surface charge, and PONs surface coverage. The study also makes use of real-time fluorescence measurements of fluorescent liposomes before and during exposure to free PONs and PONs-AuNPs to determine the membrane disruption activity of free PONs and PONs-AuNPs. As commonly observed with cationic polyelectrolytes, both free PONs and PONs-AuNPs display significant membrane disruption activity. Under conditions where the amine/alkyl ratio in PONs maximizes PONs surface coverage, the membrane disruption activity of PONs-AuNPs is about 10-fold higher than the membrane disruption activity of the same free PONs. This is attributed to the increased local concentration of ammonium ions when PONs-AuNPs interact with the liposome membranes. In contrast, the hydrophobicity of amine-rich PONs, which are made for example from diamine oxonorbornene monomers, is significantly reduced. This leads to a significant reduction of PON surface coverage on AuNPs and in turn to a significant decrease in membrane disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zheng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Maryland Baltimore County , Baltimore , Maryland 21250 , United States
| | - Julia Saar
- Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK) and Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT) , Albert-Ludwigs-Universität , Freiburg 79085 , Germany
| | - Bo Zhi
- Department of Chemistry , University of Minnesota , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
| | - Tian A Qiu
- Department of Chemistry , University of Minnesota , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
| | - Miranda J Gallagher
- Department of Chemistry , Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , Maryland 21218 , United States
| | - D Howard Fairbrother
- Department of Chemistry , Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , Maryland 21218 , United States
| | - Christy L Haynes
- Department of Chemistry , University of Minnesota , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
| | - Karen Lienkamp
- Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK) and Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT) , Albert-Ludwigs-Universität , Freiburg 79085 , Germany
| | - Zeev Rosenzweig
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Maryland Baltimore County , Baltimore , Maryland 21250 , United States
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42
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Judzewitsch PR, Nguyen T, Shanmugam S, Wong EHH, Boyer C. Towards Sequence‐Controlled Antimicrobial Polymers: Effect of Polymer Block Order on Antimicrobial Activity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201713036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter R. Judzewitsch
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN) School of Chemical Engineering UNSW Australia Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Thuy‐Khanh Nguyen
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN) School of Chemical Engineering UNSW Australia Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Sivaprakash Shanmugam
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN) School of Chemical Engineering UNSW Australia Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Edgar H. H. Wong
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN) School of Chemical Engineering UNSW Australia Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN) School of Chemical Engineering UNSW Australia Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
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43
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Judzewitsch PR, Nguyen T, Shanmugam S, Wong EHH, Boyer C. Towards Sequence‐Controlled Antimicrobial Polymers: Effect of Polymer Block Order on Antimicrobial Activity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:4559-4564. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201713036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter R. Judzewitsch
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN) School of Chemical Engineering UNSW Australia Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Thuy‐Khanh Nguyen
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN) School of Chemical Engineering UNSW Australia Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Sivaprakash Shanmugam
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN) School of Chemical Engineering UNSW Australia Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Edgar H. H. Wong
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN) School of Chemical Engineering UNSW Australia Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN) School of Chemical Engineering UNSW Australia Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
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Richter L, Hijazi M, Arfeen F, Krumm C, Tiller JC. Telechelic, Antimicrobial Hydrophilic Polycations with Two Modes of Action. Macromol Biosci 2018; 18:e1700389. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201700389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lena Richter
- Biomaterials and Polymer Science; Department of Bio- and Chemical Engineering; TU Dortmund; Emil-Figge-Straße 66, 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Montasser Hijazi
- Biomaterials and Polymer Science; Department of Bio- and Chemical Engineering; TU Dortmund; Emil-Figge-Straße 66, 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Fatima Arfeen
- Biomaterials and Polymer Science; Department of Bio- and Chemical Engineering; TU Dortmund; Emil-Figge-Straße 66, 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Christian Krumm
- Biomaterials and Polymer Science; Department of Bio- and Chemical Engineering; TU Dortmund; Emil-Figge-Straße 66, 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Joerg C. Tiller
- Biomaterials and Polymer Science; Department of Bio- and Chemical Engineering; TU Dortmund; Emil-Figge-Straße 66, 44227 Dortmund Germany
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45
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Widyaya VT, Riga EK, Müller C, Lienkamp K. Sub-micrometer Sized, 3D-Surface-attached Polymer Networks by Microcontact Printing: Using UV-Crosslinking Efficiency to Tune Structure Height. Macromolecules 2018; 54:1409-1417. [PMID: 34404958 PMCID: PMC7611507 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b02576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The lateral dimensions of micro- and nanostructures obtained by microcontact printing (μCP) can be easily varied by selecting stamps with the desired spacing and pattern. However, the height of these structures cannot be tuned as easily, and in most cases only 2D structures are obtained. Here, we show how the chemical cross-linking properties of polymer inks designed for μCP can be used to obtain 3D structures with heights ranging from 3 to 750 nm using the same μCP stamps. This is technologically relevant because the ink concentration affects the quality and resolution of the printed image, and therefore can only be varied in a certain range. By exploiting the cross-linking efficiency to tune the height, an additional parameter is available to reach the desired structure height without compromising the image quality. The inks were made from copolymers containing a low percentage of different UV cross-linkable repeat units: nitrobenzoxadiazole (NBD), coumarin (COU), and/or benzophenone (BP). The base polymer of the here presented model system was an antimicrobially active poly(oxanorbornene) (SMAMP), however the concept should be transferable to many other polymer backbones. We describe the fabrication and characterization of the printed micro- and nanostructures made from pure SMAMP, NBD-SMAMP, coumarin-SMAMP, BP-SMAMP, BP-NBD-SMAMP and BP-coumarin-SMAMP polymer inks. The photo-dimerization of COU during UV irradiation at λ = 254 nm was confirmed by UV-Vis spectroscopy. Since NBD and COU are fluorescent, the polymer could be visualized by fluorescence microscopy. Additionally, their height profiles were measured by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The heights of the 3D surface-attached polymer networks obtained from the here presented polymer inks correlated with the gel-content of the corresponding unstructured polymer layers, and thus with the cross-linking efficiency of the NBD, COU and BP cross-linkers. Due to being covalently cross-linked, these 3D-surface attached polymer structures were solvent-stable and stable in aqueous surroundings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vania Tanda Widyaya
- Bioactive Polymer Synthesis and Surface Engineering Group, Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK) and Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Esther K. Riga
- Bioactive Polymer Synthesis and Surface Engineering Group, Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK) and Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Claas Müller
- Laboratory for Process Technology, Department of Microsystem Engineering (IMTEK), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Karen Lienkamp
- Bioactive Polymer Synthesis and Surface Engineering Group, Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK) and Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
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46
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Wan L, Zhang D, Zhang J, Ren L. TT-1, an analog of melittin, triggers apoptosis in human thyroid cancer TT cells via regulating caspase, Bcl-2 and Bax. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:1271-1278. [PMID: 29387245 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Melittin is a 26 amino acid residue antimicrobial peptide with known antitumor activity. In the present study, a novel peptide TT-1, derived from melittin and contained only 11 amino acids, was designed, and its antitumor effect was investigated. The present study is aimed to elucidate the effects and relative mechanisms of TT-1 on a human thyroid cancer cell line (TT) in vitro and in vivo. Cell viability assays, Annexin V/propidium iodide assays, western blotting and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction were performed. Furthermore, a tumor-xenograft model was established to investigate the apoptotic mechanisms of TT-1 on TT cells. The results obtained indicated that TT-1 was able to suppress the proliferation of TT cells and exhibited low cytotoxicity to normal thyroid cells in vitro. The apoptotic rates of TT cells were also increased following TT-1 treatment. Additionally, TT-1 stimulated caspase-3, caspase-9 and Bax, and inhibited B-cell lymphoma 2 mRNA and protein expression. Finally, it was also demonstrated that TT-1 is able to markedly suppress tumor growth in a TT-bearing nude mouse model. In summary, TT-1 may inhibit the proliferation of TT cells by inducing apoptosis in vitro and in vivo, indicating that TT-1 may be a potential candidate for the treatment of thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Wan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jilin University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Daqi Zhang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Surgical Translational Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Jinnan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Liqun Ren
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jilin University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
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47
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Mukherjee I, Ghosh A, Bhadury P, De P. Leucine-Based Polymer Architecture-Induced Antimicrobial Properties and Bacterial Cell Morphology Switching. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:769-780. [PMID: 30023789 PMCID: PMC6044967 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b01674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the comparative antibacterial activity of leucine-based cationic polymers having linear, hyperbranched, and star architectures containing both hydrophilic and hydrophobic segments against Gram-negative bacterium, Escherichia coli (E. coli), herein we performed zone of inhibition study, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) calculation, and bacterial growth experiment. The highest antibacterial activity in terms of the MIC value was found in hyperbranched and star architectures because of the greater extent of cationic and hydrophobic functionality, enhancing cell wall penetration ability compared to that of the linear polymer. The absence of the bacterial regrowth stage in the growth curve exhibited the highest bactericidal capacity of star polymers, when untreated cells (control) already reached to the stationary phase, whereas the bacterial regrowth stage with a delayed lag phase was critically observed for linear and hyperbranched architectures displaying lower bactericidal efficacy. Coagulation of E. coli cells, switching of cell morphology from rod to sphere, and lengthening due to stacking in an antimicrobial polymer-treated environment at the bacterial regrowth stage in liquid media were visualized critically by field emission scanning electron microscopy and confocal fluorescence microscopy instruments in the presence of 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole stain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishita Mukherjee
- Polymer Research Centre,
Department of Chemical Sciences, Integrative Taxonomy
and Microbial Ecology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, and Centre for Advanced
Functional Materials, Indian Institute of
Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246 Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Anwesha Ghosh
- Polymer Research Centre,
Department of Chemical Sciences, Integrative Taxonomy
and Microbial Ecology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, and Centre for Advanced
Functional Materials, Indian Institute of
Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246 Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Punyasloke Bhadury
- Polymer Research Centre,
Department of Chemical Sciences, Integrative Taxonomy
and Microbial Ecology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, and Centre for Advanced
Functional Materials, Indian Institute of
Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246 Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Priyadarsi De
- Polymer Research Centre,
Department of Chemical Sciences, Integrative Taxonomy
and Microbial Ecology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, and Centre for Advanced
Functional Materials, Indian Institute of
Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246 Nadia, West Bengal, India
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48
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Marquardt F, Stöcker C, Gartzen R, Heine E, Keul H, Möller M. Novel Antibacterial Polyglycidols: Relationship between Structure and Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E96. [PMID: 30966132 PMCID: PMC6414948 DOI: 10.3390/polym10010096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial polymers are an attractive alternative to low molecular weight biocides, because they are non-volatile, chemically stable, and can be used as non-releasing additives. Polymers with pendant quaternary ammonium groups and hydrophobic chains exhibit antimicrobial properties due to the electrostatic interaction between polymer and cell wall, and the membrane disruptive capabilities of the hydrophobic moiety. Herein, the synthesis of cationic⁻hydrophobic polyglycidols with varying structures by post-polymerization modification is presented. The antimicrobial properties of the prepared polyglycidols against E. coli and S. aureus are examined. Polyglycidol with statistically distributed cationic and hydrophobic groups (cationic⁻hydrophobic balance of 1:1) is compared to (i) polyglycidol with a hydrophilic modification at the cationic functionality; (ii) polyglycidol with both-cationic and hydrophobic groups-at every repeating unit; and (iii) polyglycidol with a cationic⁻hydrophobic balance of 1:2. A relationship between structure and properties is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Marquardt
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University and DWI Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Cornelia Stöcker
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University and DWI Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Rita Gartzen
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University and DWI Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Elisabeth Heine
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University and DWI Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Helmut Keul
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University and DWI Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Martin Möller
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University and DWI Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
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49
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Ergene C, Palermo EF. Self-immolative polymers with potent and selective antibacterial activity by hydrophilic side chain grafting. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:7217-7229. [DOI: 10.1039/c8tb01632a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Self-immolative polymers, which exert potent antibacterial activity with low hemolytic toxicity to red blood cells, are triggered to unzip into small molecules by a chemical stimulus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cansu Ergene
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
- Troy
- USA
| | - Edmund F. Palermo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
- Troy
- USA
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50
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