1
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Rubert-Albiol R, Cerdá J, Calbo J, Cupellini L, Ortí E, Aragó J. Theoretical description of photoinduced electron transfer in donor-acceptor supramolecular complexes based on carbon buckybowls. J Chem Phys 2024; 161:014304. [PMID: 38953447 DOI: 10.1063/5.0215339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Herein, we explore, from a theoretical perspective, the nonradiative photoinduced processes (charge separation and energy transfer) within a family of donor-acceptor supramolecular complexes based on the electron-donor truxene-tetrathiafulvalene (truxTTF) derivative and a series of curved fullerene fragments (buckybowls) of different shapes and sizes (C30H12, C32H12, and C38H14) as electron acceptors that successfully combine with truxTTF via non-covalent interactions. The resulting supramolecular complexes (truxTTF·C30H12, truxTTF·C32H12, and truxTTF·C38H14) undergo charge-separation processes upon photoexcitation through charge-transfer states involving the donor and acceptor units. Despite the not so different size of the buckybowls, they present noticeable differences in the charge-separation efficiency owing to a complex decay post-photoexcitation mechanism involving several low-lying excited states of different natures (local and charge-transfer excitations), all closely spaced in energy. In this intricate scenario, we have adopted a theoretical approach combining electronic structure calculations at (time-dependent) density functional theory, a multistate multifragment diabatization method, the Marcus-Levitch-Jortner semiclassical rate expression, and a kinetic model to estimate the charge separation rate constants of the supramolecular heterodimers. Our outcomes highlight that the efficiency of the photoinduced charge-separation process increases with the extension of the buckybowl backbone. The supramolecular heterodimer with the largest buckybowl (truxTTF·C38H14) displays multiple and efficient electron-transfer pathways, providing a global photoinduced charge separation in the ultrafast time scale in line with the experimental findings. The study reported indicates that modifications in the shape and size of buckybowl systems can give rise to attractive novel acceptors for potential photovoltaic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Rubert-Albiol
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de València, Paterna 46980, Spain
| | - Jesús Cerdá
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de València, Paterna 46980, Spain
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Université de Mons, Mons 7000, Belgium
| | - Joaquín Calbo
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de València, Paterna 46980, Spain
| | - Lorenzo Cupellini
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Enrique Ortí
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de València, Paterna 46980, Spain
| | - Juan Aragó
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de València, Paterna 46980, Spain
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2
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Halford-McGuff JM, Slawin AMZ, Watson AJB. Steric Parameterization Delivers a Reciprocally Predictive Model for Substrate Reactivity and Catalyst Turnover in Rh-Catalyzed Diyne-Alkyne [2 + 2 + 2] Cycloadditions. ACS Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c06300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- John M. Halford-McGuff
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews KY16 9ST, U.K
| | - Alexandra M. Z. Slawin
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews KY16 9ST, U.K
| | - Allan J. B. Watson
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews KY16 9ST, U.K
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3
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Kato M, Kim J, Oh J, Shimizu D, Fukui N, Shinokubo H. Near-Infrared-Responsive Hydrocarbons Designed by π-Extension of Indeno[1,2,3,4-pgra]perylene at the 1,2,12-Positions. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202300249. [PMID: 36705165 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202300249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between the overall electronic structure of π-conjugated molecules and the arrangement of their constituent elements is of fundamental importance. Establishing rational design guidelines for conjugated hydrocarbons with narrow HOMO-LUMO gaps is useful to develop near-infrared (NIR) responsive dyes and redox-active materials. This study describes the synthesis and properties of three conjugated hydrocarbons, i. e., an indenonaphthoperylene, an indenoterrylene, and a diindenoterrylene. These molecules exhibit NIR absorption despite the absence of significant antiaromaticity and diradical character. Notably, the indenonaphthoperylene exhibits red-to-NIR emission in the 620-850 nm region. The indenoterrylene and the diindenoterrylene exhibit NIR absorption tailing to 870 and 940 nm, respectively. Moreover, the effect of the π-extension of indenoperylene is disclosed in order to propose guidelines for achieving a narrow HOMO-LUMO gap with negligible antiaromaticity and diradical character.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Kato
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Science (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, 464-8603, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Jinseok Kim
- Spectroscopy Laboratory for Functional π-Electronic Systems and, Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 03722, Seoul, Korea
| | - Juwon Oh
- Spectroscopy Laboratory for Functional π-Electronic Systems and, Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 03722, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Chemistry and, Department of ICT Environmental Health System, Soonchunhyang University, 31538, Asan, Korea
| | - Daiki Shimizu
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, 615-8510, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Norihito Fukui
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Science (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, 464-8603, Nagoya, Japan.,PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 332-0012, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shinokubo
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Science (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, 464-8603, Nagoya, Japan
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4
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Nishimoto M, Uetake Y, Yakiyama Y, Ishiwari F, Saeki A, Sakurai H. Synthesis of the C 70 Fragment Buckybowl, Homosumanene, and Heterahomosumanenes via Ring-Expansion Reactions from Sumanenone. J Org Chem 2022; 87:2508-2519. [PMID: 35179377 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Bowl-shaped aromatic molecules, buckybowls, are attractive molecules because of the unique properties derived from their curved-π scaffolds. Doping heteroatoms into buckybowl frameworks is a powerful method to change their structural and electronical properties. Herein, we report the synthesis of C70 fragment buckybowl, homosumanene, and heterahomosumanenes having a lactone moiety and a lactam moiety via three ring-expansion reactions using sumanenone as a common intermediate. X-ray diffraction analysis of the single crystals reveals their columnar packing structure with a shallow bowl-depth. The lactam moiety is readily derivatized to give azahomosumanene derivatives, nitrogen-doped analogues of homosumanene possessing a pyridine ring at the peripheral carbon. The synthetic application of the α-phenyl azahomosumanene as a cyclometalating ligand with platinum also revealed its utility for preparing a metal complex bearing a buckybowl ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikey Nishimoto
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuta Uetake
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yumi Yakiyama
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Fumitaka Ishiwari
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Frontier Research Base for Global Young Researchers, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Akinori Saeki
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Sakurai
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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5
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Cerdá J, Calbo J, Ortí E, Aragó J. Charge-Separation and Charge-Recombination Rate Constants in a Donor-Acceptor Buckybowl-Based Supramolecular Complex: Multistate and Solvent Effects. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:9982-9994. [PMID: 34767714 PMCID: PMC8630798 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c05740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The kinetics of the nonradiative photoinduced processes (charge-separation and charge-recombination) experimented in solution by a supramolecular complex formed by an electron-donating bowl-shaped truxene-tetrathiafulvalene (truxTTF) derivative and an electron-accepting fullerene fragment (hemifullerene, C30H12) has been theoretically investigated. The truxTTF·C30H12 heterodimer shows a complex decay mechanism after photoexcitation with the participation of several low-lying excited states of different nature (local and charge-transfer excitations) all close in energy. In this scenario, the absolute rate constants for all of the plausible charge-separation (CS) and charge-recombination (CR) channels have been successfully estimated using the Marcus-Levich-Jortner (MLJ) rate expression, electronic structure calculations, and a multistate diabatization method. The outcomes suggest that for a reasonable estimate of the CS and CR rate constants, it is necessary to include the following: (i) optimally tuned long-range (LC) corrected density functionals, to predict a correct energy ordering of the low-lying excited states; (ii) multistate effects, to account for the electronic couplings; and (iii) environmental solvent effects, to provide a proper stabilization of the charge-transfer excited states and accurate external reorganization energies. The predicted rate constants have been incorporated in a simple but insightful kinetic model that allows estimating global CS and CR rate constants in line with the most generalized three-state model used for the CS and CR processes. The values computed for the global CS and CR rates of the donor-acceptor truxTTF·C30H12 supramolecular complex are found to be in good agreement with the experimental values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Cerdá
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular
(ICMol), Universidad de Valencia, Catedrático José Beltrán 2, Paterna 46980, Spain
| | - Joaquín Calbo
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular
(ICMol), Universidad de Valencia, Catedrático José Beltrán 2, Paterna 46980, Spain
| | - Enrique Ortí
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular
(ICMol), Universidad de Valencia, Catedrático José Beltrán 2, Paterna 46980, Spain
| | - Juan Aragó
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular
(ICMol), Universidad de Valencia, Catedrático José Beltrán 2, Paterna 46980, Spain
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6
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Cheviri M, Lakshmipathi S. Nitrogen-Doped Buckybowls as Potential Scaffold Material for Lithium-Sulfur Battery: A DFT Study. Electrocatalysis (N Y) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12678-021-00678-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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7
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Krzeszewski M, Dobrzycki Ł, Sobolewski AL, Cyrański MK, Gryko DT. Bowl-Shaped Pentagon- and Heptagon-Embedded Nanographene Containing a Central Pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrole Core. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:14998-15005. [PMID: 33831270 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202104092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A bowl-shaped nitrogen-doped nanographene composed of a pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrole core substituted with six arene rings circularly bonded with one another has been prepared via a concise synthetic strategy encompassing the multicomponent tetraarylpyrrolopyrrole (TAPP) synthesis, the Scholl reaction, and intramolecular direct arylation. This synthesis represents the first case of programmed sequential intramolecular direct arylation reactions utilizing the different reactivity of C-Br and C-Cl bonds. The target compound contains two central pentagons confined between two adjacent heptagons-the inverse Stone-Thrower-Wales topology. The presence of both five- and seven-membered rings in the final structure is responsible for interesting properties such as a perpendicularly aligned dipole moment, absorption and fluorescence in the orange-red region, weak emission originating from the charge-transfer character of a low-energy absorption band, and a high lying HOMO. In the solid state slipped convex-to-convex π-π stacking dominates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Krzeszewski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44-52, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Łukasz Dobrzycki
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej L Sobolewski
- Institute of Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotników 32/46, 02-668, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał K Cyrański
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Daniel T Gryko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44-52, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
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8
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Krzeszewski M, Dobrzycki Ł, Sobolewski AL, Cyrański MK, Gryko DT. Bowl‐Shaped Pentagon‐ and Heptagon‐Embedded Nanographene Containing a Central Pyrrolo[3,2‐
b
]pyrrole Core. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202104092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Krzeszewski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44–52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Łukasz Dobrzycki
- Faculty of Chemistry University of Warsaw Pasteura 1 02-093 Warsaw Poland
| | - Andrzej L. Sobolewski
- Institute of Physics Polish Academy of Sciences Al. Lotników 32/46 02-668 Warsaw Poland
| | - Michał K. Cyrański
- Faculty of Chemistry University of Warsaw Pasteura 1 02-093 Warsaw Poland
| | - Daniel T. Gryko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44–52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
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9
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Abstract
Buckybowls have concave and convex surfaces with distinct π-electron cloud distribution, and consequently they show unique structural and electronic features as compared to planar aromatic polycycles. Doping the π-framework of buckybowls with heteroatoms is an efficient scheme to tailor inherent properties, because the nature of heteroatoms plays a pivotal role in the structural and electronic characteristics of the resulting hetera-buckybowls. The design, synthesis, and derivatization of hetera-buckybowls open an avenue for obtaining fascinating organic entities not only of fundamental importance but also of promising applications in optoelectronics. In this review, we summarize the advances in hetera-buckybowl chemistry, particularly the synthetic strategies toward these scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China.
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10
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Fard ST, Sekine K, Farshadfar K, Rominger F, Rudolph M, Ariafard A, Hashmi ASK. Gold-Catalyzed Annulation of 1,8-Dialkynylnaphthalenes: Synthesis and Photoelectric Properties of Indenophenalene-Based Derivatives. Chemistry 2021; 27:3552-3559. [PMID: 33210327 PMCID: PMC7898384 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A simple gold-catalyzed annulation of 1,8-dialkynylnaphthalenes utilizing a cationic gold catalyst was developed. Such a peri-position of two alkynyl substituents has not been studied in gold catalysis before. Dependent on the substrate, the reactions either follow a mechanism involving vinyl cation intermediates or involve a dual gold catalysis mechanism which in an initial 6-endo-dig-cyclization generates gold(I) vinylidene intermediates that are able to insert into C-H bonds. Indenophenalene derivatives were obtained in moderate to high yields. In addition, the bidirectional gold-catalyzed annulation of tetraynes provided even larger conjugated π-systems. The optoelectronic properties of the products were also investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Tavakkoli Fard
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutHeidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Kohei Sekine
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutHeidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
- Department of Molecular and Material SciencesInterdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering SciencesInstitute for Materials Chemistry and EngineeringKyushu University6-1 Kasugakoen, Kasuga-shiFukuoka816-8580Japan
| | - Kaveh Farshadfar
- Department of ChemistryIslamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, PoonakTehran1469669191Iran
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutHeidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Matthias Rudolph
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutHeidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Alireza Ariafard
- School of Physical SciencesUniversity of TasmaniaPrivate Bag 75HobartTAS7001Australia
| | - A. Stephen K. Hashmi
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutHeidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
- Chemistry DepartmentFaculty of Science King Abdulaziz University (KAU)Jeddah21589Saudi Arabia
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11
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Zhu G, Song Y, Zhang Q, Ding W, Chen X, Wang Y, Zhang G. Modulating the properties of buckybowls containing multiple heteroatoms. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo01452d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Nitrogen-centered buckybowls with sulfur decoration at the rim were synthesized and characterized. The buckybowls demonstrate tunable properties depending on the state of the sulfur atom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanxing Zhu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing Forestry University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Yujun Song
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing Forestry University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Qianyu Zhang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing Forestry University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Ding
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing Forestry University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Xinxin Chen
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing Forestry University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Yuannan Wang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing Forestry University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Gang Zhang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing Forestry University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
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12
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as-Indaceno[3,2,1,8,7,6-ghijklm]terrylene as a near-infrared absorbing C 70-fragment. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3873. [PMID: 32747710 PMCID: PMC7400669 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17684-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon and hydrogen are fundamental components of organic molecules and a fascinating plethora of functions can be generated using these two elements. Yet, realizing attractive electronic structures only by using carbon and hydrogen remains challenging. Herein, we report the synthesis and properties of the C70 fragment as-indaceno[3,2,1,8,7,6-ghijklm]terrylene, which exhibits near-infrared (NIR) absorption (up to ca. 1300 nm), even though this molecule consists of only 34 carbon and 14 hydrogen atoms. A remarkably small highest occupied molecular orbital-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (HOMO-LUMO) gap is confirmed by electrochemical measurement and theoretical calculations. Furthermore, as-indacenoterrylene is stable despite the absence of peripheral substituents, which contrasts with the cases of other NIR-absorbing hydrocarbons such as diradicaloids and antiaromatic molecules. The results of this study thus offer fundamental insights into the design of hydrocarbons with a small band gap.
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13
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Zhou L, Zhang G. A Nanoboat with Fused Concave N-Heterotriangulene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:8963-8968. [PMID: 32150655 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202002869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The surface extension of all-carbon based bowl-shaped molecules, such as corannulene and sumanene, to synthesize even larger buckybowls has been widely studied, leaving other concave compounds with heteroatoms less considered. Herein we present a highly curved molecule synthesized via stepwise cyclization of fjords of a bisacridone derivative. Crystallographic analysis unambiguously confirmed a boat-shaped structure with deformed bottom benzene ring. Theoretical calculation unravels an inversion process with an S-shaped transition structure rather than a planar one. The enlarged boat demonstrates interesting properties, such as red shifts in absorption and emission spectra, enhanced emission intensity, and convergent frontier molecular orbital energy levels, in comparison to the related concave N-heterotriangulene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyong Zhou
- Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Longpan Road 159, Nanjing, 210037, P. R. China
| | - Gang Zhang
- Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Longpan Road 159, Nanjing, 210037, P. R. China
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14
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Yakiyama Y, Hishikawa S, Sakurai H. Synthesis of C 70-fragment buckybowls bearing alkoxy substituents. Beilstein J Org Chem 2020; 16:681-690. [PMID: 32362946 PMCID: PMC7176931 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.16.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Buckybowls bearing a C70 fragment having two alkoxy groups were synthesized and their structural and optical properties were investigated by single crystal X-ray analysis and UV-vis spectroscopy. In the synthesis of dioxole derivative 5b, the regioisomer 5c was also produced. The yield of 5c was increased by increasing the reaction temperature, indicating that the rearrangement might involve the equilibrium between the Pd(IV) intermediates through C-H bond activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumi Yakiyama
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shota Hishikawa
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Sakurai
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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15
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyong Zhou
- Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products College of Chemical Engineering Nanjing Forestry University Longpan Road 159 Nanjing 210037 P. R. China
| | - Gang Zhang
- Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products College of Chemical Engineering Nanjing Forestry University Longpan Road 159 Nanjing 210037 P. R. China
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16
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Gao G, Chen M, Roberts J, Feng M, Xiao C, Zhang G, Parkin S, Risko C, Zhang L. Rational Functionalization of a C70 Buckybowl To Enable a C70:Buckybowl Cocrystal for Organic Semiconductor Applications. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:2460-2470. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b12192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Josiah Roberts
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, United States
- Center for Applied Energy Research, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40511-0055, United States
| | | | | | | | - Sean Parkin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, United States
| | - Chad Risko
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, United States
- Center for Applied Energy Research, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40511-0055, United States
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17
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Kirschbaum T, Rominger F, Mastalerz M. A Chiral Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Monkey Saddle. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:270-274. [PMID: 31613416 PMCID: PMC6972610 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201912213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
A contorted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) in the shape of a monkey saddle has been synthesized in three steps from a readily available truxene precursor. The monkey saddle PAH is consisting of three five-, seven six-, and three eight-membered rings and has been unambiguously characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Owing to the three biaryl axes the monkey saddle PAH is inherently chiral. The inversion of the two enantiomeric structures into each other preferably occurs through a twisting of peripheral rings rather than by a fully planar intermediate, as has been calculated by DFT methods. Enantiomers were separated by chiral HPLC and inversion barriers determined by variable temperature circular dichroism spectroscopy, supporting the twisting mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Kirschbaum
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Michael Mastalerz
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
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18
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Kirschbaum T, Rominger F, Mastalerz M. A Chiral Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Monkey Saddle. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201912213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Kirschbaum
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Michael Mastalerz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
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19
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Suresh JR, Whitener G, Theumer G, Bröcher DJ, Bauer I, Massa W, Knölker H. Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Dimorphic Dibenzo[cde,opq]rubicene. Chemistry 2019; 25:13759-13765. [PMID: 31339614 PMCID: PMC6899531 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201902915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Dibenzo[cde,opq]rubicene has been synthesized by an eight-step reaction sequence including an iron-mediated [2+2+1] cycloaddition and a flash vacuum pyrolysis as key steps. Two crystal modifications of the S-shaped, planar polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon have been obtained and characterized by X-ray diffractometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joghee R. Suresh
- Fakultät ChemieTechnische Universität DresdenBergstrasse 6601069DresdenGermany
| | - Glenn Whitener
- Fakultät ChemieTechnische Universität DresdenBergstrasse 6601069DresdenGermany
| | - Gabriele Theumer
- Fakultät ChemieTechnische Universität DresdenBergstrasse 6601069DresdenGermany
| | - Dirk J. Bröcher
- Fakultät ChemieTechnische Universität DresdenBergstrasse 6601069DresdenGermany
| | - Ingmar Bauer
- Fakultät ChemieTechnische Universität DresdenBergstrasse 6601069DresdenGermany
| | - Werner Massa
- Fachbereich ChemiePhilipps-Universität MarburgHans-Meerwein-Strasse 435043MarburgGermany
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20
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Liu Y, Huang Y, Liu S, Chen D, Tang C, Qiu Z, Zhu J, Tan Y. Bowl Inversion in an Exo‐type Supramolecule in the Solid State. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201904329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu‐Min Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsState Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid SurfacesDepartment of ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Yu‐Qian Huang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsState Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid SurfacesDepartment of ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Shun‐He Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsState Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid SurfacesDepartment of ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Dandan Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsState Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid SurfacesDepartment of ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Chun Tang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsState Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid SurfacesDepartment of ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Zhen‐Lin Qiu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsState Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid SurfacesDepartment of ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsState Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid SurfacesDepartment of ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Yuan‐Zhi Tan
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsState Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid SurfacesDepartment of ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
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21
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Liu YM, Huang YQ, Liu SH, Chen D, Tang C, Qiu ZL, Zhu J, Tan YZ. Bowl Inversion in an Exo-type Supramolecule in the Solid State. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:13276-13279. [PMID: 31325206 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201904329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Bowl inversion is a unique property of buckybowls. The polarity and assembly configuration of buckybowls are reversed after bowl inversion. So far, this unique phenomenon has been studied in solution and on surface, but not in solid state due to spatial constraint. Now a series of exo-type supramolecular assemblies of trithiasumanene and nanographene are investigated. Tuning the electron density of the nanogaphene component was found to directly affect the binding constant of the complex. Reversible bowl inversion in the solid state was then successfully achieved by subjecting the trithiasumanene-nanographene assembly with the weakest binding strength to repeated heating-cooling cycles, which was unambiguously observed by single crystal X-ray diffraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Min Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Yu-Qian Huang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Shun-He Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Dandan Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Chun Tang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Zhen-Lin Qiu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Yuan-Zhi Tan
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
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22
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Hagui W, Doucet H, Soulé JF. Application of Palladium-Catalyzed C(sp2)–H Bond Arylation to the Synthesis of Polycyclic (Hetero)Aromatics. Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2019.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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23
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Rogachev AY, Liu S, Xu Q, Li J, Zhou Z, Spisak SN, Wei Z, Petrukhina MA. Placing Metal in the Bowl: Does Rim Alkylation Matter? Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Yu. Rogachev
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
| | - Shuyang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
| | - Qi Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
| | - Jingbai Li
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
| | - Zheng Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Sarah N. Spisak
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Zheng Wei
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Marina A. Petrukhina
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
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24
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Petrukhina MA. From corannulene to larger carbon bowls: are they better for multiple metal encapsulation? Dalton Trans 2019; 48:5125-5130. [PMID: 30838355 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt00424f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The effects of size, charge and symmetry of carbon π-bowls on their supramolecular assembly and metal ion intercalation trends are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina A. Petrukhina
- Department of Chemistry
- University at Albany
- State University of New York
- Albany
- USA
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25
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Sumida Y, Harada R, Sumida T, Hashizume D, Hosoya T. Hydrosilyl Group-directed Iridium-catalyzed peri-Selective C–H Borylation of Ring-fused (Hetero)Arenes. CHEM LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.180594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Sumida
- Chemical Biology Team, Division of Bio-Function Dynamics Imaging, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies (CLST) and Laboratory for Chemical Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR), 6-7-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Ryu Harada
- Laboratory of Chemical Bioscience, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Tomoe Sumida
- Chemical Biology Team, Division of Bio-Function Dynamics Imaging, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies (CLST) and Laboratory for Chemical Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR), 6-7-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hashizume
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Takamitsu Hosoya
- Chemical Biology Team, Division of Bio-Function Dynamics Imaging, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies (CLST) and Laboratory for Chemical Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR), 6-7-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
- Laboratory of Chemical Bioscience, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
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26
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Tokimaru Y, Ito S, Nozaki K. A Hybrid of Corannulene and Azacorannulene: Synthesis of a Highly Curved Nitrogen-Containing Buckybowl. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201805678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Tokimaru
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology; Graduate School of Engineering; The University of Tokyo; 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
| | - Shingo Ito
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry; School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences; Nanyang Technological University; 21 Nanyang Link Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Kyoko Nozaki
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology; Graduate School of Engineering; The University of Tokyo; 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
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27
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Tokimaru Y, Ito S, Nozaki K. A Hybrid of Corannulene and Azacorannulene: Synthesis of a Highly Curved Nitrogen-Containing Buckybowl. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:9818-9822. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201805678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Tokimaru
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology; Graduate School of Engineering; The University of Tokyo; 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
| | - Shingo Ito
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry; School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences; Nanyang Technological University; 21 Nanyang Link Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Kyoko Nozaki
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology; Graduate School of Engineering; The University of Tokyo; 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
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28
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Aida Y, Shibata Y, Tanaka K. Rhodium-Catalyzed Asymmetric [2 + 2 + 2] Cycloaddition of Unsymmetrical α,ω-Diynes with Acenaphthylene. J Org Chem 2018; 83:2617-2626. [PMID: 29345935 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b03042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
It has been established that a cationic rhodium(I)/(R)-BINAP complex catalyzes the asymmetric [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition of unsymmetrical α,ω-diynes with acenaphthylene at room temperature to give the corresponding chiral multicyclic compounds with high yields and ee values. Interestingly, enantioselectivity highly depended on the structures of α,ω-diynes used. The structural requirements of α,ω-diynes for high enantioselectivity were opposite to those in our previously reported cationic rhodium(I)/(R)-Difluorphos complex-catalyzed asymmetric [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition of α,ω-diynes with indene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukimasa Aida
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology , O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Yu Shibata
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology , O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Ken Tanaka
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology , O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
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29
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Calbo J, Sancho-García JC, Ortí E, Aragó J. Quantum-Chemical Insights into the Self-Assembly of Carbon-Based Supramolecular Complexes. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23010118. [PMID: 29316675 PMCID: PMC6017611 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23010118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding how molecular systems self-assemble to form well-organized superstructures governed by noncovalent interactions is essential in the field of supramolecular chemistry. In the nanoscience context, the self-assembly of different carbon-based nanoforms (fullerenes, carbon nanotubes and graphene) with, in general, electron-donor molecular systems, has received increasing attention as a means of generating potential candidates for technological applications. In these carbon-based systems, a deep characterization of the supramolecular organization is crucial to establish an intimate relation between supramolecular structure and functionality. Detailed structural information on the self-assembly of these carbon-based nanoforms is however not always accessible from experimental techniques. In this regard, quantum chemistry has demonstrated to be key to gain a deep insight into the supramolecular organization of molecular systems of high interest. In this review, we intend to highlight the fundamental role that quantum-chemical calculations can play to understand the supramolecular self-assembly of carbon-based nanoforms through a limited selection of supramolecular assemblies involving fullerene, fullerene fragments, nanotubes and graphene with several electron-rich π-conjugated systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín Calbo
- Institute of Molecular Science, University of Valencia, 46980 Paterna (Valencia), Spain.
| | | | - Enrique Ortí
- Institute of Molecular Science, University of Valencia, 46980 Paterna (Valencia), Spain.
| | - Juan Aragó
- Institute of Molecular Science, University of Valencia, 46980 Paterna (Valencia), Spain.
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30
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Della TD, Suresh CH. Sumanene: an efficient π-bowl for dihydrogen storage. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:6227-6235. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp07000d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The outstanding ability of sumanene, its anionic and dianionic forms and sumanene–M+ion-pair complexes (M = Li, Na, K) to bind dihydrogen has been revealed using density functional theory calculations pointing out that these systems could be employed for developing new H2storage systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Therese Davis Della
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR – National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology
- Thiruvananthapuram
- India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR)
- India
| | - Cherumuttathu H. Suresh
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR – National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology
- Thiruvananthapuram
- India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR)
- India
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31
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Karunakaran J, Mohanakrishnan AK. Synthesis of Benzo[k
]fluoranthene Derivatives through Diels-Alder Reaction of 1,3-Diarylbenzo[c
]furans. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201701137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jayachandran Karunakaran
- Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Madras; Guindy Campus 600025 Chennai Tamil Nadu India
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32
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Hishikawa S, Okabe Y, Tsuruoka R, Higashibayashi S, Ohtsu H, Kawano M, Yakiyama Y, Sakurai H. Synthesis of a C70 Fragment Buckybowl C28H14 from a C60 Fragment Sumanene. CHEM LETT 2017. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.170612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shota Hishikawa
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871
| | - Yuki Okabe
- School of Physical Sciences, SOKENDAI, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787
| | - Ryoji Tsuruoka
- Research Center of Integrative Molecular Systems, Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787
| | - Shuhei Higashibayashi
- Research Center of Integrative Molecular Systems, Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512
| | - Hiroyoshi Ohtsu
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550
| | - Masaki Kawano
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550
| | - Yumi Yakiyama
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871
| | - Hidehiro Sakurai
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871
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33
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Seifert S, Schmidt D, Shoyama K, Würthner F. Base-Selective Five- versus Six-Membered Ring Annulation in Palladium-Catalyzed C-C Coupling Cascade Reactions: New Access to Electron-Poor Polycyclic Aromatic Dicarboximides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201702889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Seifert
- Universität Würzburg; Institut für Organische Chemie; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - David Schmidt
- Universität Würzburg; Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC); Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Kazutaka Shoyama
- Universität Würzburg; Institut für Organische Chemie; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Frank Würthner
- Universität Würzburg; Institut für Organische Chemie; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Universität Würzburg; Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC); Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Germany
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34
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Seifert S, Schmidt D, Shoyama K, Würthner F. Base-Selective Five- versus Six-Membered Ring Annulation in Palladium-Catalyzed C-C Coupling Cascade Reactions: New Access to Electron-Poor Polycyclic Aromatic Dicarboximides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:7595-7600. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201702889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Seifert
- Universität Würzburg; Institut für Organische Chemie; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - David Schmidt
- Universität Würzburg; Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC); Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Kazutaka Shoyama
- Universität Würzburg; Institut für Organische Chemie; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Frank Würthner
- Universität Würzburg; Institut für Organische Chemie; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Universität Würzburg; Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC); Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Germany
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35
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Gallego M, Calbo J, Krick Calderon RM, Pla P, Hsieh YC, Pérez EM, Wu YT, Ortí E, Guldi DM, Martín N. Complexation and Electronic Communication between Corannulene-Based Buckybowls and a Curved Truxene-TTF Donor. Chemistry 2017; 23:3666-3673. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201604921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- María Gallego
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Fac. C. C. Químicas; Universidad Complutense de Madrid; Av. Complutense s/n 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - Joaquín Calbo
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular; Universidad de Valencia; 46980 Paterna Spain
| | - Rafael M. Krick Calderon
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM); Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, Erlangen-Nürnberg; 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Paula Pla
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular; Universidad de Valencia; 46980 Paterna Spain
| | - Ya-Chu Hsieh
- Department of Chemistry; National Cheng Kung University; 70101 Tainan Taiwan
| | | | - Yao-Ting Wu
- Department of Chemistry; National Cheng Kung University; 70101 Tainan Taiwan
| | - Enrique Ortí
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular; Universidad de Valencia; 46980 Paterna Spain
| | - Dirk M. Guldi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM); Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, Erlangen-Nürnberg; 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Nazario Martín
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Fac. C. C. Químicas; Universidad Complutense de Madrid; Av. Complutense s/n 28040 Madrid Spain
- IMDEA Nanociencia; Faraday 9, Campus UAM 28049 Madrid Spain
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36
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Spisak SN, Wei Z, Petrukhina MA. Mixing Li and Cs in the reduction of corannulene for the assembly of a cesium-capped sandwich with a hexanuclear heterometallic core. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:5625-5630. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt04521a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
In the first Li/Cs organometallic self-assembly, the tetrareduced corannulene decks are angled up to keep the highly-charged (Li3Cs3)6+ unit in between, with two external Cs+ ions capping the sandwich from outside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah N. Spisak
- Department of Chemistry
- University at Albany
- State University of New York
- Albany
- USA
| | - Zheng Wei
- Department of Chemistry
- University at Albany
- State University of New York
- Albany
- USA
| | - Marina A. Petrukhina
- Department of Chemistry
- University at Albany
- State University of New York
- Albany
- USA
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37
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Monazami E, McClimon JB, Rondinelli J, Reinke P. Electronic Structure and Band Gap of Fullerenes on Tungsten Surfaces: Transition from a Semiconductor to a Metal Triggered by Annealing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:34854-34862. [PMID: 27998144 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b10813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The understanding and control of molecule-metal interfaces is critical to the performance of molecular electronics and photovoltaics devices. We present a study of the interface between C60 and W, which is a carbide-forming transition metal. The complex solid-state reaction at the interface can be exploited to adjust the electronic properties of the molecule layer. Scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy measurements demonstrate the progression of this reaction from wide band gap (>2.5 eV) to metallic molecular surface during annealing from 300 to 800 K. Differential conduction maps with 104 scanning tunneling spectra are used to quantify the transition in the density of states and the reduction of the band gap during annealing with nanometer spatial resolution. The electronic transition is spatially homogeneous, and the surface band gap can therefore be adjusted by a targeted annealing step. The modified molecules, which we call nanospheres, are quite resistant to ripening and coalescence, unlike any other metallic nanoparticle of the same size. Densely packed C60 and isolated C60 molecules show the same transition in electronic structure, which confirms that the transformation is controlled by the reaction at the C60-W interface. Density functional theory calculations are used to develop possible reaction pathways in agreement with experimentally observed electronic structure modulation. Control of the band gap by the choice of annealing temperature is a unique route to tailoring molecular-layer electronic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Monazami
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Virginia , Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, United States
| | - John B McClimon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Virginia , Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - James Rondinelli
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Petra Reinke
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Virginia , Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, United States
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38
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Interaction of a Ti-doped semi-fullerene (TiC30) with molecules of CO and CO2. J Mol Model 2016; 22:223. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-016-3086-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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39
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Higashibayashi S, Pandit P, Haruki R, Adachi SI, Kumai R. Redox-Dependent Transformation of a Hydrazinobuckybowl between Curved and Planar Geometries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:10830-4. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201605340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Palash Pandit
- Institute for Molecular Science; Myodaiji Okazaki 444-8787 Japan
| | - Rie Haruki
- Photon Factory; Institute of Materials Structure Science; High Energy Accelerator Research Organization; Tsukuba 305-0801 Japan
| | - Shin-ichi Adachi
- Photon Factory; Institute of Materials Structure Science; High Energy Accelerator Research Organization; Tsukuba 305-0801 Japan
| | - Reiji Kumai
- Photon Factory; Institute of Materials Structure Science; High Energy Accelerator Research Organization; Tsukuba 305-0801 Japan
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40
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Higashibayashi S, Pandit P, Haruki R, Adachi SI, Kumai R. Redox-Dependent Transformation of a Hydrazinobuckybowl between Curved and Planar Geometries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201605340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Palash Pandit
- Institute for Molecular Science; Myodaiji Okazaki 444-8787 Japan
| | - Rie Haruki
- Photon Factory; Institute of Materials Structure Science; High Energy Accelerator Research Organization; Tsukuba 305-0801 Japan
| | - Shin-ichi Adachi
- Photon Factory; Institute of Materials Structure Science; High Energy Accelerator Research Organization; Tsukuba 305-0801 Japan
| | - Reiji Kumai
- Photon Factory; Institute of Materials Structure Science; High Energy Accelerator Research Organization; Tsukuba 305-0801 Japan
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41
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Chen R, Lu RQ, Shi PC, Cao XY. Corannulene derivatives for organic electronics: From molecular engineering to applications. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2016.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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42
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Yamaguchi M, Higuchi M, Tazawa K, Manabe K. Three-Step Synthesis of Fluoranthenes through Pd-Catalyzed Inter- and Intramolecular C-H Arylation. J Org Chem 2016; 81:3967-74. [PMID: 27045332 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b00553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A three-step synthetic method for the preparation of fluoranthenes, involving Miura's intermolecular C-H arylation, nonaflation, and intramolecular C-H arylation, has been developed. Various 1-naphthols and haloarenes were successfully used as substrates. Reaction conditions that afford high site selectivity have been developed for the intramolecular C-H arylation step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miyuki Yamaguchi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka , 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Mayu Higuchi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka , 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Kanae Tazawa
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka , 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Kei Manabe
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka , 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
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43
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Lee CW, Liu EC, Wu YT. Palladium-Catalyzed Reaction of Haloarenes with Diarylethynes: Synthesis, Structural Analysis, and Properties of Methylene-Bridged Arenes. J Org Chem 2015; 80:10446-56. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b02111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Che-Wei Lee
- Department
of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1 Ta-Hsueh Road, 70101 Tainan, Taiwan
| | - En-Chih Liu
- Department
of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1 Ta-Hsueh Road, 70101 Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Ting Wu
- Department
of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1 Ta-Hsueh Road, 70101 Tainan, Taiwan
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44
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Yoshida K, Osuka A. Observation of Diastereomeric Interconversions of β-Sulfinylsubporphyrins as Evidence for Bowl Inversion. Chemistry 2015; 21:11727-34. [PMID: 26095053 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201501546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
B-Methoxy β-(4-methoxyphenylsulfinyl)subporphyrin and B-phenyl β-(4-methoxyphenylsulfinyl)subporphyrin were synthesized by oxidation of the corresponding β-sulfanylsubporphyrins with m-chloroperbenzoic acid and were separated into diastereomers, respectively. B-Methoxy subporphyrin diastereomers were interconverted to each other in methanol or ethanol, whereas such interconversion was not observed for B-phenyl subporphyrin diastereomers even at high temperature. Diastereomeric interconversions of B-methoxy subporphyrins were dramatically accelerated by addition of trifluoroacetic acid. These results suggest that the diastereomeric interconversions of B-methoxy subporphyrins, namely, their bowl inversions, proceed via a mechanism involving protonation-induced generation of subporphyrin borenium cations followed by nucleophilic attacks by alcohols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kota Yoshida
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502 (Japan), Fax: (+81) 75-753-3970
| | - Atsuhiro Osuka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502 (Japan), Fax: (+81) 75-753-3970.
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45
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Majewski MA, Lis T, Cybińska J, Stępień M. Chrysaorenes: assembling coronoid hydrocarbons via the fold-in synthesis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:15094-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc06046j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Two coronoid hydrocarbons, [3]- and [4]chrysaorene, were synthesized from fluorenophane precursors using the fold-in strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tadeusz Lis
- Wydział Chemii
- Uniwersytet Wrocławski
- 50-383 Wrocław
- Poland
| | | | - Marcin Stępień
- Wydział Chemii
- Uniwersytet Wrocławski
- 50-383 Wrocław
- Poland
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46
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Chen R, Lu RQ, Shi K, Wu F, Fang HX, Niu ZX, Yan XY, Luo M, Wang XC, Yang CY, Wang XY, Xu B, Xia H, Pei J, Cao XY. Corannulene derivatives with low LUMO levels and dense convex–concave packing for n-channel organic field-effect transistors. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:13768-71. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc03550c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
N-channel OFETs in air based on corannulenes through lowering their LUMO levels and packing the molecules densely in single crystals were achieved.
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47
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Feng CN, Hsieh YC, Wu YT. Metal-Catalyzed Cascade Reactions: Useful Synthetic Tools for the Preparation of Polycyclic Arenes. CHEM REC 2014; 15:266-79. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201402066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chieh-Ning Feng
- Department of Chemistry; National Cheng Kung University; No. 1 Ta-Hsueh Rd. 70101 Tainan (Taiwan)
| | - Ya-Chu Hsieh
- Department of Chemistry; National Cheng Kung University; No. 1 Ta-Hsueh Rd. 70101 Tainan (Taiwan)
| | - Yao-Ting Wu
- Department of Chemistry; National Cheng Kung University; No. 1 Ta-Hsueh Rd. 70101 Tainan (Taiwan)
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48
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Wu YT, Wu TC, Chen MK, Hsin HJ. Synthetic and structural considerations on highly curved bowl-shaped fragments of fullerenes. PURE APPL CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2013-1215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractNumerous highly curved fragments of C60 and unique subunits of C70 were synthesized under mild conditions using metal-catalyzed protocols. According to X-ray crystallographic analyses, highly curved fragments of C60 have a maximum π-orbital axis vector (POAV) pyramidalization angle of up to 12.9 °, whereas distinctive fragments of C70, analogous to the tube portion of the rugby-shaped buckyball, are less curved. Among the eight buckybowls studied herein, five form polar crystals. Depending on the molecular geometry, the inversion dynamics of buckybowls involves either a planar or an S-shaped (non-planar) transition structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Ting Wu
- 1Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1 Ta-Hsueh Rd., 70101 Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tsun-Cheng Wu
- 1Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1 Ta-Hsueh Rd., 70101 Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Min-Kuan Chen
- 1Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1 Ta-Hsueh Rd., 70101 Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ju Hsin
- 1Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1 Ta-Hsueh Rd., 70101 Tainan, Taiwan
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49
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Wu YT, Siegel JS. Synthesis, Structures, and Physical Properties of Aromatic Molecular-Bowl Hydrocarbons. POLYARENES I 2014; 349:63-120. [DOI: 10.1007/128_2014_548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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