1
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Tito G, Ferraro G, Pisanu F, Garribba E, Merlino A. Non-Covalent and Covalent Binding of New Mixed-Valence Cage-like Polyoxidovanadate Clusters to Lysozyme. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024:e202406669. [PMID: 38842919 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202406669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
The high-resolution X-ray structures of the model protein lysozyme in the presence of the potential drug [VIVO(acetylacetonato)2] from crystals grown in 1.1 M NaCl, 0.1 M sodium acetate at pH 4.0 reveal the binding to the protein of different and unexpected mixed-valence cage-like polyoxidovanadates (POVs): [V15O36(OH2)]5-, which non-covalently interacts with the lysozyme surface, [V15O33(OH2)]+ and [V20O51(OH2)]n- (this latter based on an unusual {V18O43} cage) which covalently bind the protein. EPR spectroscopy confirms the partial oxidation of VIV to VV and the formation of mixed-valence species. The results indicate that the interaction with proteins can stabilize the structure of unexpected - both for dimension and architecture - POVs, not observed in aqueous solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Tito
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia, I-80126, Napoli, Italy
| | - Giarita Ferraro
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia, I-80126, Napoli, Italy
| | - Federico Pisanu
- Dipartimento di Medicina, Chirurgia e Farmacia, Università di Sassari, Viale San Pietro, I-07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Eugenio Garribba
- Dipartimento di Medicina, Chirurgia e Farmacia, Università di Sassari, Viale San Pietro, I-07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Antonello Merlino
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia, I-80126, Napoli, Italy
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2
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Ferraro G, Lyčková T, Massai L, Štarha P, Messori L, Merlino A. Picoplatin binding to proteins: X-ray structures and mass spectrometry data on the adducts with lysozyme and ribonuclease A. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:8535-8540. [PMID: 38727007 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00773e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
The reactivity of the anticancer drug picoplatin (cis-amminedichlorido(2-methylpyridine)platinum(II) complex) with the model proteins hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL) and bovine pancreatic ribonuclease (RNase A) was investigated by electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (ESI MS) and X-ray crystallography. The data were compared with those previously obtained for the adducts of these proteins with cisplatin, carboplatin and oxaliplatin under the same experimental conditions. ESI-MS data show binding of Pt to both proteins, with fragments retaining the 2-methylpyridine ligand and, possibly, a chloride ion. X-ray crystallography identifies different binding sites on the two proteins, highlighting a different behaviour of picoplatin in the absence or presence of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Metal-containing fragments bind to HEWL close to the side chains of His15, Asp18, Asp119 and both Lys1 and Glu7, whereas they bind to RNase A on the side chain of His12, Met29, His48, Asp53, Met79, His105 and His119. The data suggest that the presence of DMSO favours the loss of 2-methylpyridine and alters the ability of the Pt compound to bind to the two proteins. With both proteins, picoplatin appears to behave similarly to cisplatin and carboplatin when dissolved in DMSO, whereas it behaves more like oxaliplatin in the absence of the coordinating solvent. This study provides important insights into the pharmacological profile of picoplatin and supports the conclusion that coordinating solvents should not be used to evaluate the biological activities of Pt-based drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giarita Ferraro
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, via Cinthia, 21, 80126, Naples, Italy.
| | - Tereza Lyčková
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Lara Massai
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, via della Lastruccia, 3-13, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Pavel Štarha
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Luigi Messori
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, via della Lastruccia, 3-13, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Antonello Merlino
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, via Cinthia, 21, 80126, Naples, Italy.
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3
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Baglini E, Chiaverini L, Tolbatov I, Taliani S, Da Settimo F, La Mendola D, Barresi E, Marzo T. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) for ovarian cancer treatment: from organic to inorganic chemotherapeutics towards selectivity-a perspective overview. Biometals 2024; 37:275-288. [PMID: 37930483 PMCID: PMC11006779 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-023-00547-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is a lethal gynecologic cancer in industrialized countries. Treatments for OC include the surgical removal and chemotherapy. In the last decades, improvements have been made in the surgery technologies, drug combinations and administration protocols, and in diagnosis. However, mortality from OC is still high owing to recurrences and insurgence of drug resistance. Accordingly, it is urgent the development of novel agents capable to effectively target OC. In this respect, tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) may play an important role. Most of TKIs developed and tested so far are organic. However, owing to their chemical versatility, also metals can be exploited to design selective and potent TKIs. We provide a short and easy-to-read overview on the main organic TKIs with a summary of those that entered clinical trials. Additionally, we describe the potential of metal-based TKIs, focusing on this overlooked family of compounds that may significantly contribute towards the concept of precision-medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Baglini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Chiaverini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Iogann Tolbatov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Padova, via F. Marzolo 8, 35131, Padua, Italy
| | - Sabrina Taliani
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Federico Da Settimo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Diego La Mendola
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Barresi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Tiziano Marzo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126, Pisa, Italy.
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4
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Geri A, Zineddu S, Massai L, Ronga L, Lobinski R, Gailer J, Messori L. Mercury binding to proteins disclosed by ESI MS experiments: The case of three organomercurials. J Inorg Biochem 2024; 252:112479. [PMID: 38218139 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2024.112479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Solution interactions of three organomercury compounds, i.e., methylmercury chloride, thimerosal and phenylmercury acetate, with a group of biochemically relevant proteins, namely cytochrome c (Cyt c), ribonuclease A (RNase A), carbonic anhydrase I (hCA I), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and serum albumin (HSA), were investigated using an established ESI MS approach. Temporal analysis of sample aliquots provided insight into the binding kinetics, while comparative analysis of the obtained mass spectra disclosed adduct formation of each mercurial with the tested proteins and the relative abundance of the species. The three organomercurials bind, exclusively and tightly, to free cysteine residues as no binding was observed in the case of proteins lacking such groups. hCA I, SOD and HSA formed distinct mercury adducts, preserving the Hg bound alkyl/aryl ligands; yet, the three organomercurials displayed significant differences in reactivity in relation to their chemical structure. The investigation was then extended to analyze the reactions with the C-terminal dodecapeptide of the enzyme human thioredoxin reductase, which contains a characteristic selenol-thiol moiety: tight Hg binding was observed. Notably, this peptide was able to remove effectively and completely the alkyl/aryl ligands of the three tested organomercurials; this behavior may be relevant to the detoxification mechanism of organomercurials in mammals. Finally, a competition experiment was carried out to establish whether protein bound mercury centers may be displaced by other competing metals. Interestingly, and quite unexpectedly, we observed that a protein bound mercury fragment may be partially displaced from its coordination site in hCA I by the medicinal gold compound auranofin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Geri
- Laboratory of Metals in Medicine, Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Stefano Zineddu
- Laboratory of Metals in Medicine, Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Lara Massai
- Laboratory of Metals in Medicine, Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.
| | - Luisa Ronga
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM, Pau, France
| | - Ryszard Lobinski
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM, Pau, France; Chair of Analytical Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, ul.Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Jürgen Gailer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Luigi Messori
- Laboratory of Metals in Medicine, Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.
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5
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Xu X, Dai F, Mao Y, Zhang K, Qin Y, Zheng J. Metallodrugs in the battle against non-small cell lung cancer: unlocking the potential for improved therapeutic outcomes. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1242488. [PMID: 37727388 PMCID: PMC10506097 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1242488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains a leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Platinum-based chemotherapy is standard-of-care but has limitations including toxicity and resistance. Metal complexes of gold, ruthenium, and other metals have emerged as promising alternatives. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of metallodrugs for NSCLC. Bibliometric analysis reveals growing interest in elucidating mechanisms, developing targeted therapies, and synergistic combinations. Classification of metallodrugs highlights platinum, gold, and ruthenium compounds, as well as emerging metals. Diverse mechanisms include DNA damage, redox modulation, and immunomodulation. Preclinical studies demonstrate cytotoxicity and antitumor effects in vitro and in vivo, providing proof-of-concept. Clinical trials indicate platinums have utility but resistance remains problematic. Non-platinum metallodrugs exhibit favorable safety but modest single agent efficacy to date. Drug delivery approaches like nanoparticles show potential to enhance therapeutic index. Future directions include optimization of metal-based complexes, elucidation of resistance mechanisms, biomarker development, and combination therapies to fully realize the promise of metallodrugs for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianzhi Xu
- School of Stomatology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Feng Dai
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yiting Mao
- School of Stomatology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- School of Stomatology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ying Qin
- School of Stomatology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jiwei Zheng
- School of Stomatology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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6
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Mertens RT, Gukathasan S, Arojojoye AS, Olelewe C, Awuah SG. Next Generation Gold Drugs and Probes: Chemistry and Biomedical Applications. Chem Rev 2023; 123:6612-6667. [PMID: 37071737 PMCID: PMC10317554 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
The gold drugs, gold sodium thiomalate (Myocrisin), aurothioglucose (Solganal), and the orally administered auranofin (Ridaura), are utilized in modern medicine for the treatment of inflammatory arthritis including rheumatoid and juvenile arthritis; however, new gold agents have been slow to enter the clinic. Repurposing of auranofin in different disease indications such as cancer, parasitic, and microbial infections in the clinic has provided impetus for the development of new gold complexes for biomedical applications based on unique mechanistic insights differentiated from auranofin. Various chemical methods for the preparation of physiologically stable gold complexes and associated mechanisms have been explored in biomedicine such as therapeutics or chemical probes. In this Review, we discuss the chemistry of next generation gold drugs, which encompasses oxidation states, geometry, ligands, coordination, and organometallic compounds for infectious diseases, cancer, inflammation, and as tools for chemical biology via gold-protein interactions. We will focus on the development of gold agents in biomedicine within the past decade. The Review provides readers with an accessible overview of the utility, development, and mechanism of action of gold-based small molecules to establish context and basis for the thriving resurgence of gold in medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Tyler Mertens
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
| | - Sailajah Gukathasan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
| | - Adedamola S Arojojoye
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
| | - Chibuzor Olelewe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
| | - Samuel G Awuah
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536, United States
- University of Kentucky Markey Cancer Center, Lexington, Kentucky 40536, United States
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7
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Skos L, Borutzki Y, Gerner C, Meier-Menches SM. Methods to identify protein targets of metal-based drugs. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2023; 73:102257. [PMID: 36599256 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2022.102257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Metal-based anticancer agents occupy a distinct chemical space due to their particular coordination geometry and reactivity. Despite the initial DNA-targeting paradigm for this class of compounds, it is now clear that they can also be tuned to target proteins in cells, depending on the metal and ligand scaffold. Since metallodrug discovery is dominated by phenotypic screenings, tailored proteomics strategies were crucial to identify and validate protein targets of several investigative and clinically advanced metal-based drugs. Here, such experimental approaches are discussed, which showed that metallodrugs based on ruthenium, gold, rhenium and even platinum, can selectively and specifically target proteins with clear-cut down-stream effects. Target identification strategies are expected to support significantly the mechanism-driven clinical translation of metal-based drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Skos
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Doctoral School of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Yasmin Borutzki
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Doctoral School of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christopher Gerner
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Joint Metabolome Facility, University of Vienna and Medical University Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Samuel M Meier-Menches
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Joint Metabolome Facility, University of Vienna and Medical University Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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8
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Tolbatov I, Marrone A, Shepard W, Chiaverini L, Upadhyay Kahaly M, La Mendola D, Marzo T, Ciccone L. Inorganic Drugs as a Tool for Protein Structure Solving and Studies on Conformational Changes. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202202937. [PMID: 36477932 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Inorganic drugs are capable of tight interactions with proteins through coordination towards aminoacidic residues, and this feature is recognized as a key aspect for their pharmacological action. However, the "protein metalation process" is exploitable for solving the phase problem and structural resolution. In fact, the use of inorganic drugs bearing specific metal centers and ligands capable to drive the binding towards the desired portions of the protein target could represent a very intriguing and fruitful strategy. In this context, a theoretical approach may further contribute to solve protein structures and their refinement. Here, we delineate the main features of a reliable experimental-theoretical integrated approach, based on the use of metallodrugs, for protein structure solving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iogann Tolbatov
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avgda. Països Catalans, 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Alessandro Marrone
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. D'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - William Shepard
- Department PROXIMA2 A, Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, BP 48, 91192, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Lorenzo Chiaverini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Diego La Mendola
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Tiziano Marzo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lidia Ciccone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126, Pisa, Italy
- Department PROXIMA2 A, Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, BP 48, 91192, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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9
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Impact of Hydrophobic Chains in Five-Coordinate Glucoconjugate Pt(II) Anticancer Agents. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032369. [PMID: 36768690 PMCID: PMC9916762 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This study describes new platinum(II) cationic five-coordinate complexes (1-R,R') of the formula [PtR(NHC)(dmphen)(ethene)]CF3SO3 (dmphen = 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline), containing in their axial positions an alkyl group R (methyl or octyl) and an imidazole-based NHC-carbene ligand with a substituent R' of variable length (methyl or octyl) on one nitrogen atom. The Pt-carbene bond is stable both in DMSO and in aqueous solvents. In DMSO, a gradual substitution of dmphen and ethene is observed, with the formation of a square planar solvated species. Octanol/water partitioning studies have revealed the order of hydrophobicity of the complexes (1-Oct,Me > 1-Oct,Oct > 1-Me,Oct > 1-Me,Me). Their biological activity was investigated against two pairs of cancer and non-cancer cell lines. The tested drugs were internalized in cancer cells and able to activate the apoptotic pathway. The reactivity of 1-Me,Me with DNA and protein model systems was also studied using UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence, and X-ray crystallography. The compound binds DNA and interacts in various ways with the model protein lysozyme. Remarkably, structural data revealed that the complex can bind lysozyme via non-covalent interactions, retaining its five-coordinate geometry.
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Massai L, Grifagni D, De Santis A, Geri A, Cantini F, Calderone V, Banci L, Messori L. Gold-Based Metal Drugs as Inhibitors of Coronavirus Proteins: The Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease by Auranofin and Its Analogs. Biomolecules 2022; 12:1675. [PMID: 36421689 PMCID: PMC9687241 DOI: 10.3390/biom12111675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Gold compounds have a long tradition in medicine and offer many opportunities for new therapeutic applications. Herein, we evaluated the lead compound Auranofin and five related gold(I) complexes as possible inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease (SARS-CoV-2 Mpro), a validated drug target for the COVID-19 disease. The investigational panel of gold compounds included Auranofin; three halido analogues, i.e., Au(PEt3)Cl, Au(PEt3)Br, and Au(PEt3)I; and two gold carbene complexes, i.e., Au(NHC)Cl and [Au(NHC)2]PF6. Notably, all these gold compounds, with the only exception of [Au(NHC)2]PF6, turned out to be potent inhibitors of the catalytic activity of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro: the measured Ki values were in the range 2.1-0.4 μM. The reactions of the various gold compounds with SARS-CoV-2 Mpro were subsequently investigated through electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry (MS) upon a careful optimization of the experimental conditions; the ESI MS spectra provided clear evidence for the formation of tight metallodrug-protein adducts and for the coordination of well defined gold-containing fragments to the SARS-CoV-2 Mpro, again with the only exception of [Au(NHC)2]PF6, The metal-protein stoichiometry was unambiguously determined for the resulting species. The crystal structures of the metallodrug- Mpro adducts were solved in the case of Au(PEt3)Br and Au(NHC)Cl. These crystal structures show that gold coordination occurs at the level of catalytic Cys 145 in the case of Au(NHC)Cl and at the level of both Cys 145 and Cys 156 for Au(PEt3)Br. Tight coordination of gold atoms to functionally relevant cysteine residues is believed to represent the true molecular basis of strong enzyme inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Massai
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Via Della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Deborah Grifagni
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Via Della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Florence, Italy
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Via L. Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Alessia De Santis
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Via Della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Florence, Italy
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Via L. Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Geri
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Via Della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Cantini
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Via Della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Florence, Italy
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Via L. Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche Metallo Proteine (CIRMMP), University of Florence, Via L. Sacconi 6, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Vito Calderone
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Via Della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Florence, Italy
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Via L. Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche Metallo Proteine (CIRMMP), University of Florence, Via L. Sacconi 6, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Lucia Banci
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Via Della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Florence, Italy
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Via L. Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche Metallo Proteine (CIRMMP), University of Florence, Via L. Sacconi 6, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Luigi Messori
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Via Della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Florence, Italy
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11
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Russo L, Giacomelli C, Fortino M, Marzo T, Ferri G, Calvello M, Viegi A, Magrì A, Pratesi A, Pietropaolo A, Cardarelli F, Martini C, Rizzarelli E, Marchetti L, La Mendola D, Trincavelli ML. Neurotrophic Activity and Its Modulation by Zinc Ion of a Dimeric Peptide Mimicking the Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor N-Terminal Region. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:3453-3463. [PMID: 36346920 PMCID: PMC9732821 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a neurotrophin (NT) essential for neuronal development and synaptic plasticity. Dysregulation of BDNF signaling is implicated in different neurological disorders. The direct NT administration as therapeutics has revealed to be challenging. This has prompted the design of peptides mimicking different regions of the BDNF structure. Although loops 2 and 4 have been thoroughly investigated, less is known regarding the BDNF N-terminal region, which is involved in the selective recognition of the TrkB receptor. Herein, a dimeric form of the linear peptide encompassing the 1-12 residues of the BDNF N-terminal (d-bdnf) was synthesized. It demonstrated to act as an agonist promoting specific phosphorylation of TrkB and downstream ERK and AKT effectors. The ability to promote TrkB dimerization was investigated by advanced fluorescence microscopy and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, finding activation modes shared with BDNF. Furthermore, d-bdnf was able to sustain neurite outgrowth and increase the expression of differentiation (NEFM, LAMC1) and polarization markers (MAP2, MAPT) demonstrating its neurotrophic activity. As TrkB activity is affected by zinc ions in the synaptic cleft, we first verified the ability of d-bdnf to coordinate zinc and then the effect of such complexation on its activity. The d-bdnf neurotrophic activity was reduced by zinc complexation, demonstrating the role of the latter in tuning the activity of the new peptido-mimetic. Taken together our data uncover the neurotrophic properties of a novel BDNF mimetic peptide and pave the way for future studies to understand the pharmacological basis of d-bdnf action and develop novel BDNF-based therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Russo
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Pisa 56127, Italy
| | | | | | - Tiziano Marzo
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Pisa 56127, Italy
| | - Gianmarco Ferri
- Laboratorio
NEST, Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa 56127, Italy
| | | | | | - Antonio Magrì
- Istituto
di Cristallografia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Catania 95126, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pratesi
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università
di Pisa, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | | | | | - Claudia Martini
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Pisa 56127, Italy
| | - Enrico Rizzarelli
- Istituto
di Cristallografia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Catania 95126, Italy,Università
degli Studi di Catania, Catania 95124, Italy
| | - Laura Marchetti
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Pisa 56127, Italy,
| | - Diego La Mendola
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Pisa 56127, Italy,
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12
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Ferraro G, Paolillo M, Sciortino G, Garribba E, Merlino A. Multiple and Variable Binding of Pharmacologically Active Bis(maltolato)oxidovanadium(IV) to Lysozyme. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:16458-16467. [PMID: 36205235 PMCID: PMC9579999 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c02690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
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The interaction with
proteins of metal-based drugs plays a crucial
role in their transport, mechanism, and activity. For an active MLn complex, where L is the organic carrier,
various binding modes (covalent and non-covalent, single or multiple)
may occur and several metal moieties (M, ML, ML2, etc.)
may interact with proteins. In this study, we have evaluated the interaction
of [VIVO(malt)2] (bis(maltolato)oxidovanadium(IV)
or BMOV, where malt = maltolato, i.e., the common name for 3-hydroxy-2-methyl-4H-pyran-4-onato) with the model protein hen egg white lysozyme
(HEWL) by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, electron paramagnetic
resonance, and X-ray crystallography. The multiple binding of different
V-containing isomers and enantiomers to different sites of HEWL is
observed. The data indicate both non-covalent binding of cis-[VO(malt)2(H2O)] and [VO(malt)(H2O)3]+ and covalent binding of [VO(H2O)3–4]2+ and cis-[VO(malt)2] and other V-containing fragments to the side chains of Glu35,
Asp48, Asn65, Asp87, and Asp119 and to the C-terminal carboxylate.
Our results suggest that the multiple and variable interactions of
potential VIVOL2 drugs with proteins can help
to better understand their solution chemistry and contribute to define
the molecular basis of the mechanism of action of these intriguing
molecules. The interaction of [VIVO(malt)2] (BMOV,
malt = maltolato) with hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL) reveals the multiple
binding of different V-containing isomers and enantiomers to different
sites and non-covalent and covalent binding of cis-[VO(malt)2(H2O)], [VO(malt)(H2O)3]+, [VO(H2O)3−4]2+, and cis-[VO(malt)2] to Glu,
Asp, and Asn residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giarita Ferraro
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Maddalena Paolillo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sciortino
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Eugenio Garribba
- Dipartimento di Medicina, Chirurgia e Farmacia, Università di Sassari, Viale San Pietro, I-07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Antonello Merlino
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
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13
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Piano-stool type (η6-p-cymene)Ruthenium(II) Thiazole-derived motifs complexes: Synthesis, Crystal Structures, DFT Studies, Molecular Docking and in-vitro Binding Studies with HSA and Cytotoxicity. Inorganica Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2022.120925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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14
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Mohanty M, Sahu G, Banerjee A, Lima S, Patra SA, Crochet A, Sciortino G, Sanna D, Ugone V, Garribba E, Dinda R. Mo(VI) Potential Metallodrugs: Explaining the Transport and Cytotoxicity by Chemical Transformations. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:4513-4532. [PMID: 35213131 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c00113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The transport and cytotoxicity of molybdenum-based drugs have been explained with the concept of chemical transformation, a very important idea in inorganic medicinal chemistry that is often overlooked in the interpretation of the biological activity of metal-containing systems. Two monomeric, [MoO2(L1)(MeOH)] (1) and [MoO2(L2)(EtOH)] (2), and two mixed-ligand dimeric MoVIO2 species, [{MoO2(L1-2)}2(μ-4,4'-bipy)] (3-4), were synthesized and characterized. The structures of the solid complexes were solved through SC-XRD, while their transformation in water was clarified by UV-vis, ESI-MS, and DFT. In aqueous solution, 1-4 lead to the penta-coordinated [MoO2(L1-2)] active species after the release of the solvent molecule (1 and 2) or removal of the 4,4'-bipy bridge (3 and 4). [MoO2(L1-2)] are stable in solution and react with neither serum bioligand nor cellular reductants. The binding affinity of 1-4 toward HSA and DNA were evaluated through analytical and computational methods and in both cases a non-covalent interaction is expected. Furthermore, the in vitro cytotoxicity of the complexes was also determined and flow cytometry analysis showed the apoptotic death of the cancer cells. Interestingly, μ-4,4'-bipy bridged complexes 3 and 4 were found to be more active than monomeric 1 and 2, due to the mixture of species generated, that is [MoO2(L1-2)] and the cytotoxic 4,4'-bipy released after their dissociation. Since in the cytosol neither the reduction of MoVI to MoV/IV takes place nor the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) through Fenton-like reactions of 1-4 with H2O2 occurs, the mechanism of cytotoxicity should be attributable to the direct interaction with DNA that happens with a minor-groove binding which results in cell death through an apoptotic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monalisa Mohanty
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Gurunath Sahu
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Atanu Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Sudhir Lima
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Sushree Aradhana Patra
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Aurélien Crochet
- Department of Chemistry, Fribourg Center for Nanomaterials, University of Fribourg, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Giuseppe Sciortino
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Daniele Sanna
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Trav. La Crucca 3, I-07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Valeria Ugone
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Trav. La Crucca 3, I-07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Eugenio Garribba
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Chirurgiche e Sperimentali, Università di Sassari, Viale San Pietro, I-07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Rupam Dinda
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, Odisha, India
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15
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16
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Massai L, Ciambellotti S, Cosottini L, Messori L, Turano P, Pratesi A. Direct detection of iron clusters in L ferritins through ESI-MS experiments. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:16464-16467. [PMID: 34729572 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt03106f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Human cytoplasmic ferritins are heteropolymers of H and L subunits containing a catalytic ferroxidase center and a nucleation site for iron biomineralization, respectively. Here, ESI-MS successfully detected labile metal-protein interactions revealing the formation of tetra- and octa-iron clusters bound to L subunits, as previously underscored by X-ray crystallography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Massai
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy.
| | - Silvia Ciambellotti
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy. .,Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Via Luigi Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy. .,Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche di Metallo Proteine (C.I.R.M.M.P.), Via Luigi Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - Lucrezia Cosottini
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy. .,Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Via Luigi Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy. .,Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche di Metallo Proteine (C.I.R.M.M.P.), Via Luigi Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - Luigi Messori
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy.
| | - Paola Turano
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy. .,Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Via Luigi Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy. .,Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche di Metallo Proteine (C.I.R.M.M.P.), Via Luigi Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pratesi
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry (DCCI), University of Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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17
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Lysine reactivity profiling reveals molecular insights into human serum albumin-small-molecule drug interactions. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:7431-7440. [PMID: 34676431 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03700-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Human serum albumin (HSA) is one of the most important serum carrier proteins that deliver small-molecule drugs to their specific targets. Clarifying the molecular mechanism of the interaction between natural HSA and drugs in an aqueous solution has been a hot topic in pharmaceutical chemistry, clinical medicine, and biochemistry in recent years, but it is still challenging. In this paper, the details of molecular interactions of HSA with a variety of therapeutic drugs including ibuprofen, indomethacin, phenylbutazone, and warfarin are systematically investigated using a mass spectrometry (MS)-based lysine reactivity profiling (LRP) strategy. The results reaffirm that the major ligand binding sites (including Sites I and II) of HSA are located in subdomains IIA and IIIA, while several potential drug-binding areas at subdomain IIIB and α helix IIB-IIIA are newly characterized. The MS-LRP strategy may have important application prospects in pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, and safety evaluation of small-molecule drugs.
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18
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Current and emerging mass spectrometry methods for the preclinical development of metal-based drugs: a critical appraisal. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 414:95-102. [PMID: 34642780 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03718-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This Trends article highlights the multiple ways in which the state-of-the-art molecular mass spectrometry can support the preclinical development of novel metal-based anticancer drugs. Examples from the recent literature-beyond routine characterization applications-are presented to illustrate what analytical and experimental design challenges are to be addressed to facilitate the translation of promising drug candidates to clinical practice.
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19
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Reactions with Proteins of Three Novel Anticancer Platinum(II) Complexes Bearing N-Heterocyclic Ligands. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910551. [PMID: 34638887 PMCID: PMC8508948 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Three novel platinum(II) complexes bearing N-heterocyclic ligands, i.e., Pt2c, Pt-IV and Pt-VIII, were previously prepared and characterized. They manifested promising in vitro anticancer properties associated with non-conventional modes of action. To gain further mechanistic insight, we have explored here the reactions of these Pt compounds with a few model proteins, i.e., hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL), bovine pancreatic ribonuclease (RNase A), horse heart cytochrome c (Cyt-c) and human serum albumin (HSA), primarily through ESI MS analysis. Characteristic and variegate patterns of reactivity were highlighted in the various cases that appear to depend both on the nature of the Pt complex and of the interacting protein. The protein-bound Pt fragments were identified. In the case of the complex Pt2c, the adducts formed upon reaction with HEWL and RNase A were further characterized by solving the respective crystal structures: this allowed us to determine the exact location of the various Pt binding sites. The implications of the obtained results are discussed in relation to the possible mechanisms of action of these innovative anticancer Pt complexes.
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20
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Loreto D, Merlino A. The interaction of rhodium compounds with proteins: A structural overview. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.213999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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21
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Marzo T, Mendola DL. Looking Beyond DNA as the Target of Inorganic Chemotherapy Agents: The Key Role of Protein Metalation and Metal Homeostasis. Curr Top Med Chem 2021; 21:3-5. [PMID: 33443001 DOI: 10.2174/156802662101201211094545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tiziano Marzo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Diego La Mendola
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126, Pisa, Italy
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22
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Marzo T, La Mendola D. The Effects on Angiogenesis of Relevant Inorganic Chemotherapeutics. Curr Top Med Chem 2021; 21:73-86. [PMID: 33243124 DOI: 10.2174/1568026620666201126163436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a key process allowing the formation of blood vessels. It is crucial for all the tissues and organs, ensuring their function and growth. Angiogenesis is finely controlled by several mechanisms involving complex interactions between pro- or antiangiogenic factors, and an imbalance in this control chain may result in pathological conditions. Metals as copper, zinc and iron cover an essential role in regulating angiogenesis, thus therapies having physiological metals as target have been proposed. In addition, some complexes of heavier metal ions (e.g., Pt, Au, Ru) are currently used as established or experimental anticancer agents targeting genomic or non-genomic targets. These molecules may affect the angiogenic mechanisms determining different effects that have been only poorly and non-systematically investigated so far. Accordingly, in this review article, we aim to recapitulate the impact on the angiogenic process of some reference anticancer drugs, and how it is connected to the overall pharmacological effects. In addition, we highlight how the activity of these drugs can be related to the role of biological essential metal ions. Overall, this may allow a deeper description and understanding of the antineoplastic activity of both approved or experimental metal complexes, providing important insights for the synthesis of new inorganic drugs able to overcome resistance and recurrence phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziano Marzo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Diego La Mendola
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126, Pisa, Italy
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23
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Ferraro G, Loreto D, Merlino A. Interaction of Platinum-based Drugs with Proteins: An Overview of Representative Crystallographic Studies. Curr Top Med Chem 2021; 21:6-27. [PMID: 32579504 DOI: 10.2174/1568026620666200624162213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Pt-based drugs are widely used in clinics for the treatment of cancer. The mechanism of action of these molecules relies on their interaction with DNA. However, the recognition of these metal compounds by proteins plays an important role in defining pharmacokinetics, side effects and their overall pharmacological profiles. Single crystal X-ray diffraction studies provided important information on the molecular mechanisms at the basis of this process. Here, the molecular structures of representative adducts obtained upon reaction with proteins of selected Pt-based drugs, including cisplatin, carboplatin and oxaliplatin, are briefly described and comparatively examined. Data indicate that metal ligands play a significant role in driving the reaction of Pt compounds with proteins; non-covalent interactions that occur in the early steps of Pt compound/protein recognition process play a crucial role in defining the structure of the final Pt-protein adduct. In the metallated protein structures, Pt centers coordinate few protein side chains, such as His, Met, Cys, Asp, Glu and Lys residues upon releasing labile ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giarita Ferraro
- Department of Chemistry Ugo Schiff, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Domenico Loreto
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Antonello Merlino
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
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24
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Strike a Balance: Between Metals and Non-Metals, Metalloids as a Source of Anti-Infective Agents. INORGANICS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics9060046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Most of the commercially available anti-infective agents are organic molecules. In fact, though, during the pioneering times of modern medicine, at the beginning of the 20th century, several inorganic compounds of transition metals were used for medicinal application, to date, only a small number of inorganic drugs are used in clinical practice. Beyond the transition metals, metalloids—or semimetals—offer a rich chemistry in between that of metallic and non-metallic elements, and accordingly, peculiar features for their exploitation in medicinal chemistry. A few important examples of metalloid-based drugs currently used for the treatment of various diseases do exist. However, the use of this group of elements could be further expanded on the basis of their current applications and the clinical trials they entered. Considering that metalloids offer the opportunity to expand the “chemical-space” for developing novel anti-infective drugs and protocols, in this paper, we briefly recapitulate and discuss the current applications of B-, Si-, As-, Sb- and Te-based anti-infective drugs.
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25
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Zanda E, Busto N, Biancalana L, Zacchini S, Biver T, Garcia B, Marchetti F. Anticancer and antibacterial potential of robust Ruthenium(II) arene complexes regulated by choice of α-diimine and halide ligands. Chem Biol Interact 2021; 344:109522. [PMID: 34029541 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Several complexes of general formula [Ru(halide)(η6-p-cymene)(α-diimine)]+, in the form of nitrate, triflate and hexafluorophosphate salts, including a newly synthesized iodide compound, were investigated as potential anticancer drugs and bactericides. NMR and UV-Vis studies evidenced remarkable stability of the complexes in water and cell culture medium. In general, the complexes displayed strong cytotoxicity against A2780 and A549 cancer cell lines with IC50 values in the low micromolar range, and one complex (RUCYN) emerged as the most promising one, with a significant selectivity compared to the non-cancerous HEK293 cell line. A variable affinity of the complexes for BSA and DNA binding was ascertained by spectrophotometry/fluorimetry, circular dichroism, electrophoresis and viscometry. The performance of RUCYN appears associated to enhanced cell internalization, favored by two cyclohexyl substituents, rather than to specific interaction with the evaluated biomolecules. The chloride/iodide replacement, in one case, led to increased cellular uptake and cytotoxicity at the expense of selectivity, and tuned DNA binding towards intercalation. Complexes with iodide or a valproate bioactive fragment exhibited the best antimicrobial profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Zanda
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Natalia Busto
- Universidad de Burgos, Departamento de Química, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001, Burgos, Spain.
| | - Lorenzo Biancalana
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Stefano Zacchini
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari", Università di Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, I-40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Tarita Biver
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Begoña Garcia
- Universidad de Burgos, Departamento de Química, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001, Burgos, Spain
| | - Fabio Marchetti
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy.
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26
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Sciortino G, Garribba E. The binding modes of V IVO 2+ ions in blood proteins and enzymes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 56:12218-12221. [PMID: 32926012 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc04595k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The binding modes of VIVO2+ ions to hemoglobin (Hb), human serum transferrin (hTf), immunoglobulin G (IgG), vanadium bromoperoxidase (VBrPO) and VIVO2+-substituted imidazoleglycerol-phosphatase dehydratase (IGPD) were determined by a combined approach of full DFT and MM techniques. These results reproduce and explain the experimental spectroscopic (EPR and ESEEM) data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Sciortino
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallés 08193, Barcelona, Spain. and Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Sassari, Via Vienna 2, Sassari I-07100, Italy.
| | - Eugenio Garribba
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Sassari, Via Vienna 2, Sassari I-07100, Italy.
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27
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Cirri D, Bartoli F, Pratesi A, Baglini E, Barresi E, Marzo T. Strategies for the Improvement of Metal-Based Chemotherapeutic Treatments. Biomedicines 2021; 9:504. [PMID: 34064364 PMCID: PMC8147839 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9050504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This article provides an overview of the various research approaches we have explored in recent years to improve metal-based agents for cancer or infection treatments. Although cisplatin, carboplatin, and oxaliplatin remain the cornerstones in tumor chemotherapy, the discovery and approval of novel inorganic anticancer drugs is a very slow process. Analogously, although a few promising inorganic drugs have found clinical application against parasitic or bacterial infections, their use remains relatively limited. Moreover, the discovery process is often affected by small therapeutic enhancements that are not attractive for the pharmaceutical industry. However, the availability of increasing mechanistic information for the modes of action of established inorganic drugs is fueling the exploration of various approaches for developing effective inorganic chemotherapy agents. Through a series of examples, some from our own research experience, we focus our attention on a number of promising strategies, including (1) drug repurposing, (2) the simple modification of the chemical structures of approved metal-based drugs, (3) testing novel drug combinations, and (4) newly synthesized complexes coupling different anticancer drugs. Accordingly, we aim to suggest and summarize a series of reliable approaches that are exploitable for the development of improved and innovative treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damiano Cirri
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry (DCCI), Univerisity of Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Francesco Bartoli
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, Univerisity of Pisa, Via Risorgimento, 36, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Pratesi
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry (DCCI), Univerisity of Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Emma Baglini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (E.B.); (E.B.)
| | - Elisabetta Barresi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (E.B.); (E.B.)
| | - Tiziano Marzo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (E.B.); (E.B.)
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Zoppi C, Massai L, Cirri D, Gabbiani C, Pratesi A, Messori L. Protein metalation by two structurally related gold(I) carbene complexes: An ESI MS study. Inorganica Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2021.120297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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29
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Menconi A, Marzo T, Massai L, Pratesi A, Severi M, Petroni G, Antonuzzo L, Messori L, Pillozzi S, Cirri D. Anticancer effects against colorectal cancer models of chloro(triethylphosphine)gold(I) encapsulated in PLGA-PEG nanoparticles. Biometals 2021; 34:867-879. [PMID: 33907910 PMCID: PMC8313464 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-021-00313-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chloro(triethylphosphine)gold(I), (Et3PAuCl hereafter), is an Auranofin (AF)-related compound showing very similar biological and pharmacological properties. Like AF, Et3PAuCl exhibits potent antiproliferative properties in vitro toward a variety of cancer cell lines and is a promising anticancer drug candidate. We wondered whether Et3PAuCl encapsulation might lead to an improved pharmacological profile also considering the likely reduction of unwanted side-reactions that are responsible for adverse effects and for drug inactivation. Et3PAuCl was encapsulated in biocompatible PLGA–PEG nanoparticles (NPs) and the new formulation evaluated in colorectal HCT-116 cancer cells in comparison to the free gold complex. Notably, encapsulated Et3PAuCl (nano-Et3PAuCl hereafter) mostly retains the cellular properties of the free gold complex and elicits even greater cytotoxic effects in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells, mediated by apoptosis and autophagy. Moreover, a remarkable inhibition of two crucial signaling pathways, i.e. ERK and AKT, by nano-Et3PAuCl, was clearly documented. The implications of these findings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Menconi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Viale G.B. Morgagni 50, 50134, Firenze, Italy
| | - Tiziano Marzo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Lara Massai
- Laboratory of Metals in Medicine (MetMed), Department of Chemistry "U. Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pratesi
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry (DCCI), University of Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Mirko Severi
- Laboratory of Metals in Medicine (MetMed), Department of Chemistry "U. Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Giulia Petroni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Viale G.B. Morgagni 50, 50134, Firenze, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Antonuzzo
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, S.C. Oncologia Medica 1, Florence, Italy
| | - Luigi Messori
- Laboratory of Metals in Medicine (MetMed), Department of Chemistry "U. Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Serena Pillozzi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Viale G.B. Morgagni 50, 50134, Firenze, Italy. .,DI.V.A.L Toscana S.R.L., Via Madonna del Piano, 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
| | - Damiano Cirri
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry (DCCI), University of Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124, Pisa, Italy.
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Pettinari R, Marchetti F, Tombesi A, Duan F, Zhou L, Messori L, Giacomelli C, Marchetti L, Trincavelli ML, Marzo T, La Mendola D, Balducci G, Alessio E. Ruthenium(II) 1,4,7-trithiacyclononane complexes of curcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin: Synthesis, characterization, and biological activity. J Inorg Biochem 2021; 218:111387. [PMID: 33721720 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Two cationic ruthenium(II) 1,4,7-trithiacyclononane ([9]aneS3) complexes of curcumin (curcH) and bisdemethoxycurcumin (bdcurcH), namely [Ru(curc)(dmso-S)([9]aneS3)]Cl (1) and [Ru(bdcurc)(dmso-S)([9]aneS3)]Cl (2) were prepared from the [RuCl2(dmso-S)([9]-aneS3)] precursor and structurally characterized, both in solution and in the solid state by X-ray crystallography. The corresponding PTA complexes [Ru(curc)(PTA)([9]aneS3)]Cl (3) and [Ru(bdcurc)(PTA)([9]aneS3)]Cl (4) have been also synthesized and characterized (PTA = 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane). Bioinorganic studies relying on mass spectrometry were performed on complexes 1-4 to assess their interactions with the model protein lysozyme. Overall, a rather limited reactivity with lysozyme was highlighted accompanied by a modest cytotoxic potency against three representative cancer cell lines. The moderate pharmacological activity is likely connected to the relatively high stability of these complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Pettinari
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy.
| | - Fabio Marchetti
- School of Science and Technology, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Alessia Tombesi
- School of Science and Technology, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Fenghe Duan
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Liming Zhou
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450002, PR China
| | - Luigi Messori
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Chiara Giacomelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano, 6, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Laura Marchetti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano, 6, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Tiziano Marzo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano, 6, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Diego La Mendola
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano, 6, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gabriele Balducci
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, Trieste, Italy
| | - Enzo Alessio
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, Trieste, Italy
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Mansour AM, Radacki K, Shehab OR. Role of the ancillary ligand in controlling the lysozyme affinity and electronic properties of terpyridine fac-Re(CO) 3 complexes. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:1197-1201. [PMID: 33475110 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt04140h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The lysozyme binding affinity and the electronic properties of [ReX(CO)3(terpy-κ2N1,N2)] (X = Br- and triazolateCOOCH2CH3,CF3) were reported. The triazolate complex was prepared in a [3 + 2] cycloaddition click reaction. The bromo compound reacted with lysozyme affording adducts with Re(CO)3+ fragments, while the triazolate compound persisted. A red shift of the MLCT band of the triazolate compound in progressively less polar solvents may be due to the negative solvatochromism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Mansour
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Gamma Street, Giza, Cairo 12613, Egypt.
| | - Krzysztof Radacki
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ola R Shehab
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Gamma Street, Giza, Cairo 12613, Egypt.
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32
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Parise A, Russo N, Marino T. The platination mechanism of RNase A by arsenoplatin: insight from the theoretical study. Inorg Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qi01165g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A detailed metalation process of the bovine pancreatic ribonuclease (RNase A) by a novel multitarget anti-cancer agent arsenoplatin-1, ([Pt(μ-NHC(CH3)O)2ClAs(OH)2]), performed at DFT level and using different models size is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Parise
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche
- Università della Calabria
- 87036 Arcavacata di Rende
- Italy
- Université Paris-Saclay
| | - N. Russo
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche
- Università della Calabria
- 87036 Arcavacata di Rende
- Italy
| | - T. Marino
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche
- Università della Calabria
- 87036 Arcavacata di Rende
- Italy
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Abstract
Recent advances in structural studies unveiling the basis of the metal compounds/protein recognition process are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonello Merlino
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Naples Federico II
- Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant’Angelo
- Napoli
- Italy
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34
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Sciortino G, Maréchal JD, Garribba E. Integrated experimental/computational approaches to characterize the systems formed by vanadium with proteins and enzymes. Inorg Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qi01507e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
An integrated instrumental/computational approach to characterize metallodrug–protein adducts at the molecular level is reviewed. A series of applications are described, focusing on potential vanadium drugs with a generalization to other metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Sciortino
- Departament de Química
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
- Cerdanyola del Vallès
- Barcelona 08193
- Spain
| | - Jean-Didier Maréchal
- Departament de Química
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
- Cerdanyola del Vallès
- Barcelona 08193
- Spain
| | - Eugenio Garribba
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia
- Università di Sassari
- 07100 Sassari
- Italy
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Ferraro G, Cirri D, Marzo T, Pratesi A, Messori L, Merlino A. The first step of arsenoplatin-1 aggregation in solution unveiled by solving the crystal structure of its protein adduct. Dalton Trans 2020; 50:68-71. [PMID: 33320144 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt04068a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Arsenoplatin-1 (AP-1) is an innovative dual-action anticancer agent that contains a platinum(ii) center coordinated to an arsenous acid moiety. We found that AP-1 spontaneously aggregates in aqueous solutions generating oligomeric species of increasing length. Afterward, we succeeded in solving the crystal structure of the adduct formed between the model protein lysozyme and an early AP-1 oligomer that turned out to be a trimer. Remarkably, this crystal structure traps an early stage of AP-1 aggregation offering detailed insight into the molecular process of the oligomer's growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giarita Ferraro
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy.
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36
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Loreto D, Ferraro G, Merlino A. Protein-metallodrugs interactions: Effects on the overall protein structure and characterization of Au, Ru and Pt binding sites. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 163:970-976. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Massai L, Zoppi C, Cirri D, Pratesi A, Messori L. Reactions of Medicinal Gold(III) Compounds With Proteins and Peptides Explored by Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry and Complementary Biophysical Methods. Front Chem 2020; 8:581648. [PMID: 33195070 PMCID: PMC7609534 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.581648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI MS) is a powerful investigative tool to analyze the reactions of metallodrugs with proteins and peptides and characterize the resulting adducts. Here, we have applied this type of approach to four experimental anticancer gold(III) compounds for which extensive biological and mechanistic data had previously been gathered, namely, Auoxo6, Au2phen, AuL12, and Aubipyc. These gold(III) compounds were reacted with two representative proteins, i.e., human serum albumin (HSA) and human carbonic anhydrase I (hCA I), and with the C-terminal dodecapeptide of thioredoxin reductase. ESI MS analysis allowed us to elucidate the nature of the resulting metal-protein adducts from which the main features of the occurring metallodrug-protein reactions can be inferred. In selected cases, MS data were integrated and supported by independent 1HNMR and UV-Vis absorption measurements to gain an overall description of the occurring processes. From data analysis, it emerges that most of the investigated gold(III) complexes, endowed with an appreciable oxidizing character, undergo quite facile reduction to gold(I); the resulting gold(I) species tightly associate with the above proteins/peptides with a remarkable selectivity for free cysteine residues. In contrast, in the case of the less-oxidizing Aubipyc complex, the gold(III) oxidation state is conserved, and a gold(III) fragment still containing the original ligand is found to be associated with the target proteins. It is notable that the C-terminal dodecapeptide of thioredoxin reductase containing the characteristic -Gly-Cys-Sec-Gly metal-binding motif is able in all cases to trigger gold(III)-to-gold(I) reduction. Our investigation allowed us to identify in detail the nature of the gold fragments that ultimately bind the protein targets and determine the exact binding stoichiometry; some insight on the reaction kinetics was also gained. Notably, a few clear correlations could be established between the structure of the metal complexes and the nature of the resulting protein adducts. The mechanistic implications of these findings are analyzed and thoroughly discussed. Overall, the present results set the stage to better understand the real target biomolecules of these gold compounds and elucidate at the atomic level their interaction modes with proteins and peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Massai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Carlotta Zoppi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Damiano Cirri
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pratesi
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Luigi Messori
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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Tolbatov I, Marzo T, Cirri D, Gabbiani C, Coletti C, Marrone A, Paciotti R, Messori L, Re N. Reactions of cisplatin and cis-[PtI 2(NH 3) 2] with molecular models of relevant protein sidechains: A comparative analysis. J Inorg Biochem 2020; 209:111096. [PMID: 32485478 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2020.111096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Quite surprisingly, cisplatin and cis-[PtI2(NH3)2] were found to manifest significant differences in their reactions with the model protein lysozyme. We decided to explore whether these differences recur when reacting these two Pt compounds with other proteins. Notably, ESI-MS measurements carried out on cytochrome c nicely confirmed the reaction pattern observed for lysozyme. This prompted us to exploit a computational DFT approach to disclose the molecular basis of such behavior. We analyzed comparatively the reactions of cis-[PtCl2(NH3)2] and cis-[PtI2(NH3)2] with appropriate molecular models (Ls) of the sidechains of relevant aminoacids. We found that when Pt(II) complexes are reacted with sulfur ligands both quickly lose their halide ligands and then the resulting cis-[Pt(L)2(NH3)2] species loses ammonia upon reaction with a ligand excess. In the case of imidazole, again cis-[PtCl2(NH3)2] and cis-[PtI2(NH3)2] quickly lose their halide ligands but the resulting cis-[Pt(L)2(NH3)2] species does not lose ammonia by reaction with excess imidazole. These results imply that the two platinum complexes manifest a significantly different behavior in their reaction with representative small molecules in agreement with what observed in the case of model proteins. It follows that the protein itself must play a crucial role in triggering the peculiar reactivity of cis-[PtI2(NH3)2] and in governing the nature of the formed protein adducts. The probable reasons for the observed behavior are critically commented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iogann Tolbatov
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi "G. D'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, I-66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Tiziano Marzo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Damiano Cirri
- Laboratory of Metals in Medicine (MetMed), Department of Chemistry "U. Schiff", University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019, Sesto F.no, Italy; Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, via Moruzzi, 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Chiara Gabbiani
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, via Moruzzi, 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Cecilia Coletti
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi "G. D'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, I-66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Alessandro Marrone
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi "G. D'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, I-66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Roberto Paciotti
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi "G. D'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, I-66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Luigi Messori
- Laboratory of Metals in Medicine (MetMed), Department of Chemistry "U. Schiff", University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019, Sesto F.no, Italy
| | - Nazzareno Re
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi "G. D'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, I-66100 Chieti, Italy.
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Cheng L, Li C, Xi Z, Wei K, Yuan S, Arnesano F, Natile G, Liu Y. Cisplatin reacts with histone H1 and the adduct forms a ternary complex with DNA. Metallomics 2020; 11:556-564. [PMID: 30672544 DOI: 10.1039/c8mt00358k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Cisplatin is an anticancer drug widely used in clinics; it induces the apoptosis of cancer cells by targeting DNA. However, its interaction with proteins has been found to be crucial in modulating the pre and post-target activity. Nuclear DNA is tightly assembled with histone proteins to form nucleosomes in chromatin; this can impede the drug to access DNA. On the other hand, the linker histone H1 is considered 'the gate to nucleosomal DNA' due to its exposed location and dynamic conformation; therefore, this protein can influence the platination of DNA. In this study, we performed a reaction of cisplatin with histone H1 and investigated the interaction of the H1/cisplatin adduct with DNA. The reactions were conducted on the N-terminal domains of H1.4 (sequence 1-90, H1N90) and H1.0 (sequence 1-7, H1N7). The results show that H1 readily reacts with cisplatin and generates bidentate and tridentate adducts, with methionine and glutamate residues as the preferential binding sites. Chromatographic and NMR analyses show that the platination rate of H1 is slightly higher than that of DNA and the platinated H1 can form H1-cisplatin-DNA ternary complexes. Interestingly, cisplatin is more prone to form H1-Pt-DNA ternary complexes than trans-oriented platinum agents. The formation of H1-cisplatin-DNA ternary complexes and their preference for cis- over trans-oriented platinum agents suggest an important role of histone H1 in the mechanism of action of cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanjun Cheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
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40
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Zoppi C, Messori L, Pratesi A. ESI MS studies highlight the selective interaction of Auranofin with protein free thiols. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:5906-5913. [PMID: 32314767 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt00283f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The clinically established gold drug Auranofin was reacted individually with a group of representative proteins, namely ubiquitin, ribonuclease A, carbonic anhydrase, haemoglobin and superoxide dismutase, and adduct formation was monitored in the various cases by ESI-MS analysis. We found that the reaction is highly selective for solvent exposed free cysteines that are modified through coordination of the AuPEt3+ fragment. Indeed, ESI-Q-TOF MS spectra carried out on protein samples incubated with a three fold molar excess of Auranofin allowed direct detection of the native proteins bearing bound AuPEt3+ fragments in the cases of carbonic anhydrase and haemoglobin. At variance, the two proteins that do not possess any free cysteine residue, i.e. ubiquitin and ribonuclease A, were unable to bind the gold fragment. In the case of superoxide dismutase, adduct formation is hindered by the scarce solvent accessibility of the free cysteine residue. These findings were further confirmed by a series of competition binding experiments with ebselen, a potent and selective cysteine-modifying reagent; we observed that pre-treatment with ebselen prevents the binding of the AuPEt3+ fragment to both carbonic anhydrase and haemoglobin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Zoppi
- Laboratory of Metals in Medicine (MetMed), Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
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Stanic-Vucinic D, Nikolic S, Vlajic K, Radomirovic M, Mihailovic J, Cirkovic Velickovic T, Grguric-Sipka S. The interactions of the ruthenium(II)-cymene complexes with lysozyme and cytochrome c. J Biol Inorg Chem 2020; 25:253-265. [PMID: 32020293 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-020-01758-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The reactions of four cymene-capped ruthenium(II) compounds with pro-apoptotic protein, cytochrome c (Cyt), and anti-proliferative protein lysozyme (Ly) in carbonate buffer were investigated by ESI-MS, UV-vis absorption, and CD spectroscopy. The complexes with two chloride ligands (C2 and C3) were more reactive toward proteins than those with only one (C1 and C4), and the complex with S,N-chelating ligand (C4) was less reactive than one with O,N-chelating ligand (C1). Dehalogenated complexes are most likely species, initially coordinating proteins for all tested complexes. During the time, protein adducts vividly exchanged non-arene organic ligand L with CO32- and OH-, while cymene moiety was retained. In water, only dehalogenated adducts were identified suggesting that in vivo, in the presence of various anions, dynamic ligand exchange could generate different intermediate protein species. Although all complexes reduced Cyt, the reduction was not dependent on their reactivity to protein, implying that initially noncovalent binding to Cyt occurs, causing its reduction, followed by coordination to protein. Cyt reduction was accompanied with rupture of ferro-Met 80 and occupation of this hem coordination site by a histidine His-33/26. Therefore, in Cyt with C2 and C3, less intensive reduction of hem iron leaves more unoccupied target residues for Ru coordination, leading to more efficient formation of covalent adducts, in comparison to C1 and C4. This study contributes to development of new protein-targeted Ru(II) cymene complexes, and to the design of new cancer therapies based on targeted delivery of Ru(II) arene complexes bound on pro-apoptotic/anti-proliferative proteins as vehicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragana Stanic-Vucinic
- Faculty of Chemistry, Center of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Stefan Nikolic
- Innovation Center of the Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Katarina Vlajic
- Faculty of Chemistry, Center of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mirjana Radomirovic
- Faculty of Chemistry, Center of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Mihailovic
- Faculty of Chemistry, Center of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tanja Cirkovic Velickovic
- Faculty of Chemistry, Center of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.,Ghent University Global Campus, 119 Songdomunhwa-Ro, Yeonsu-Gu, Incheon, 21985, Korea.,Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.,Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Knez Mihailova 35, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sanja Grguric-Sipka
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.
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43
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Mansour AM, Shehab OR, Radacki K. Role of Sulfonate Appendage in the Protein Binding Affinity of Half-Sandwich Ruthenium(II)(η6
-p
-Cym) Complexes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201901089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M. Mansour
- Chemistry Department; Faculty of Science; Cairo University; Gamma Street, Giza 12613 Cairo Egypt
| | - Ola R. Shehab
- Chemistry Department; Faculty of Science; Cairo University; Gamma Street, Giza 12613 Cairo Egypt
| | - Krzysztof Radacki
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Faculty of Science; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
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Annunziata A, Cucciolito ME, Esposito R, Ferraro G, Monti DM, Merlino A, Ruffo F. Five‐Coordinate Platinum(II) Compounds as Potential Anticancer Agents. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201900771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Annunziata
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II via Cintia 21 – 80126 Napoli Italy
| | - Maria Elena Cucciolito
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II via Cintia 21 – 80126 Napoli Italy
- Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo CIRCC Via Celso Ulpiani 27 – 70126 Bari Italy
| | - Roberto Esposito
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II via Cintia 21 – 80126 Napoli Italy
- Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo CIRCC Via Celso Ulpiani 27 – 70126 Bari Italy
| | - Giarita Ferraro
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Ugo Schiff” Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo Università degli Studi di Firenze Via della Lastruccia, 3‐13 – 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI) Italy
| | - Daria Maria Monti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II via Cintia 21 – 80126 Napoli Italy
| | - Antonello Merlino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II via Cintia 21 – 80126 Napoli Italy
| | - Francesco Ruffo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II via Cintia 21 – 80126 Napoli Italy
- Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo CIRCC Via Celso Ulpiani 27 – 70126 Bari Italy
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Massai L, Pratesi A, Gailer J, Marzo T, Messori L. The cisplatin/serum albumin system: A reappraisal. Inorganica Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2019.118983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Pratesi A, Cirri D, Fregona D, Ferraro G, Giorgio A, Merlino A, Messori L. Structural Characterization of a Gold/Serum Albumin Complex. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:10616-10619. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b01900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Pratesi
- Laboratory of Metals in Medicine (MetMed), Department of Chemistry “U. Schiff”, University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Damiano Cirri
- Laboratory of Metals in Medicine (MetMed), Department of Chemistry “U. Schiff”, University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Dolores Fregona
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Giarita Ferraro
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, via Cinthia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Anna Giorgio
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, via Cinthia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Antonello Merlino
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, via Cinthia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Luigi Messori
- Laboratory of Metals in Medicine (MetMed), Department of Chemistry “U. Schiff”, University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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Monti DM, Ferraro G, Merlino A. Ferritin-based anticancer metallodrug delivery: Crystallographic, analytical and cytotoxicity studies. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2019; 20:101997. [PMID: 31028889 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The encapsulation of anticancer metal-based drugs within a protein nanocage represents a valuable strategy to improve the efficacy and selectivity of these compounds towards cancer cells. The preparation, characterization of the in vitro cytotoxicity and X-ray structures of several ferritin-metallodrug nanocomposites (mainly containing platinum-, ruthenium- and gold-based anticancer agents) are here reviewed. The molecular mechanisms of action of these Ft-metallodrug adducts are discussed and future directions in the field are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dara Maria Monti
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Giarita Ferraro
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Antonello Merlino
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy.
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Miodragović Đ, Merlino A, Swindell EP, Bogachkov A, Ahn RW, Abuhadba S, Ferraro G, Marzo T, Mazar AP, Messori L, O’Halloran TV. Arsenoplatin-1 Is a Dual Pharmacophore Anticancer Agent. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:6453-6457. [PMID: 30943017 PMCID: PMC6830503 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b13681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Arsenoplatins are adducts of two chemically important anticancer drugs, cisplatin and arsenic trioxide, that have a Pt(II) bond to an As(III) hydroxide center. Screens of the NCI-60 human tumor cell lines reveal that arsenoplatin-1 (AP-1), [Pt(μ-NHC(CH3)O)2ClAs(OH)2], the first representative of this novel class of anticancer agents, displays a superior activity profile relative to the parent drugs As2O3 or cisplatin in a majority of cancer cell lines tested. These activity profiles are important because the success of arsenic trioxide in blood cancers (such as APL) has not been seen in solid tumors due to the rapid clearance of arsenous acid from the body. To understand the biological chemistry of these compounds, we evaluated interactions of AP-1 with the two important classes of biomolecules-proteins and DNA. The first structural studies of AP-1 bound to model proteins reveal that platinum(II) binds the Nε of His in a manner that preserves the Pt-As bond. We find that AP-1 readily enters cells and binds to DNA with an intact Pt-As bond (Pt:As ratio of 1). At longer incubation times, however, the Pt:As ratio in DNA samples increases, suggesting that the Pt-As bond breaks and releases the As(OH)2 moiety. We conclude that arsenoplatin-1 has the potential to deliver both Pt and As species to a variety of hematological and solid cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Đenana Miodragović
- Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois
60208, United States
- Northeastern Illinois University, 5500 North St Louis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60625, United
States
| | - Antonello Merlino
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte
Sant’Angelo, Via Cintia, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Elden P. Swindell
- Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois
60208, United States
| | - Abraham Bogachkov
- Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois
60208, United States
| | - Richard W. Ahn
- Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois
60208, United States
| | - Sara Abuhadba
- Northeastern Illinois University, 5500 North St Louis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60625, United
States
| | - Giarita Ferraro
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, Università degli Studi Firenze, via della
Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Tiziano Marzo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrew P. Mazar
- Pharmacology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston,
Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Luigi Messori
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, Università degli Studi Firenze, via della
Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Thomas V. O’Halloran
- Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois
60208, United States
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Ventura G, Abbattista R, Calvano CD, De Ceglie C, Losito I, Palmisano F, Cataldi TRI. Tandem mass spectrometry characterization of a conjugate between oleuropein and hydrated cis-diammineplatinum(II). RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2019; 33:657-666. [PMID: 30672618 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Oleuropein (Ole) has been claimed to mitigate cisplatin (CP)-induced acute injury in kidney and liver of mice. In vitro reactivity of hydrated CP species with Ole, and an Ole metabolite, hydroxytyrosol (HT), is of great interest as the preliminary step for gathering in vivo information on the possible physiological role of the Ole/HT-cis-diammineplatinum(II) (Ole/HT-cis-DAP) conjugate. METHODS Reversed-phase liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization mass spectrometry using a linear ion trap instrument (RPLC/ESI-MS) and tandem mass (MS/MS) measurements, both in positive and negative ion mode, revealed the molecular identity of platinum-based conjugates. RESULTS The Ole-cis-DAP conjugate (i.e., C25 H36 N2 O13 PtII ) features two cis-ammine non-leaving ligands and a bidentate catechol ligand moiety belonging to Ole; the coordination of the central Pt(II) is square-planar with non-equivalent bond angles compared with the ideal arrangement of 90°. HT, the free Ole metabolite excreted in human urine, acts as bidentate O,O-donor ligand of cis-DAP as well. CONCLUSIONS The first evidence, together with structural information, is provided about the in vitro formation of a conjugate between cis-DAP and Ole or its urinary metabolite HT. Presuming that such conjugates are also generated in vivo, the mechanisms by which they might contribute to reduce CP toxicity remain to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Ventura
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Ramona Abbattista
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Cosima Damiana Calvano
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
- Centro Interdipartimentale SMART, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Cristina De Ceglie
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Ilario Losito
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
- Centro Interdipartimentale SMART, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Palmisano
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
- Centro Interdipartimentale SMART, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Tommaso R I Cataldi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
- Centro Interdipartimentale SMART, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
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Corinti D, Paciotti R, Re N, Coletti C, Chiavarino B, Crestoni ME, Fornarini S. Binding motifs of cisplatin interaction with simple biomolecules and aminoacid targets probed by IR ion spectroscopy. PURE APPL CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2019-0110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The primary intermediates resulting from the interaction of cisplatin, cis-(PtCl2(NH3)2], most widespread antitumor drug, with biomolecular targets are characterized. Electrospray ionization is used to deliver ions formed in solution into the gas phase where they are structurally interrogated by vibrational “action” spectroscopy in conjunction with quantum chemical calculations. The aquation products, cis-[PtX(NH3)2(H2O)]+ (X = Cl, OH), lying along the path responsible for biological activity, are shown to display distinctive features responding to ligation pattern and optimized geometry. The IR spectra of trans-[PtX(NH3)2(H2O)]+ are different, testifying that cis and trans complexes are stable, non interconverting species both in solution and in the gas phase. Ligand substitution by simple nucleophiles (L = pyridine, 4(5)-methylimidazole, thioanisole, trimethylphosphate, acetamide, dimethylacetamide, urea and thiourea) yields cis-[PtCl(NH3)2(L)]+ complexes displaying remarkable regioselectivity whenever L presents multiple candidate platination sites. The incipient formation of cisplatin-derived complexes with the recognized biological amino acid targets L-histidine (His) and L-methionine (Met) has been investigated revealing the primary platination event to be mainly directed at the Nπ atom of the imidazole side chain of His and to the thiomethyl sulfur of Met. The isomer and conformer population of the ensuing cis-[PtCl(NH3)2(Met/His)]+ complexes, sampled in the gas phase, can be ascertained by photofragmentation kinetics on isomer/conformer specific resonances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Corinti
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco , Università degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza , P.le A. Moro 5 , Roma I-00185 , Italy
| | - Roberto Paciotti
- Dipartimento di Farmacia , Università G. D’Annunzio Chieti-Pescara , Via dei Vestini 31 , Chieti I-66100 , Italy
| | - Nazzareno Re
- Dipartimento di Farmacia , Università G. D’Annunzio Chieti-Pescara , Via dei Vestini 31 , Chieti I-66100 , Italy
| | - Cecilia Coletti
- Dipartimento di Farmacia , Università G. D’Annunzio Chieti-Pescara , Via dei Vestini 31 , Chieti I-66100 , Italy
| | - Barbara Chiavarino
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco , Università degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza , P.le A. Moro 5 , Roma I-00185 , Italy
| | - Maria Elisa Crestoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco , Università degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza , P.le A. Moro 5 , Roma I-00185 , Italy
| | - Simonetta Fornarini
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco , Università degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza , P.le A. Moro 5 , Roma I-00185 , Italy
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