1
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Li J, Hu X, Xie Z, Li J, Huang C, Huang Y. Overview of growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) in metabolic diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 176:116809. [PMID: 38810400 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
GDF15 is a stress response cytokine and a distant member of the transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) superfamily, its levels increase in response to cell stress and certain diseases in the serum. To exert its effects, GDF15 binds to glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) receptor alpha-like (GFRAL), which was firstly identified in 2017 and highly expressed in the brain stem. Many studies have demonstrated that elevated serum GDF15 is associated with anorexia and weight loss. Herein, we focus on the biology of GDF15, specifically how this circulating protein regulates appetite and metabolism in influencing energy homeostasis through its actions on hindbrain neurons to shed light on its impact on diseases such as obesity and anorexia/cachexia syndromes. It works as an endocrine factor and transmits metabolic signals leading to weight reduction effects by directly reducing appetite and indirectly affecting food intake through complex mechanisms, which could be a promising target for the treatment of energy-intake disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Kidney Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China
| | - Xiangjun Hu
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zichuan Xie
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiajin Li
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chen Huang
- Health Management Center, General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Health Management Center, General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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2
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Deryusheva EI, Shevelyova MP, Rastrygina VA, Nemashkalova EL, Vologzhannikova AA, Machulin AV, Nazipova AA, Permyakova ME, Permyakov SE, Litus EA. In Search for Low-Molecular-Weight Ligands of Human Serum Albumin That Affect Its Affinity for Monomeric Amyloid β Peptide. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4975. [PMID: 38732194 PMCID: PMC11084196 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
An imbalance between production and excretion of amyloid β peptide (Aβ) in the brain tissues of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients leads to Aβ accumulation and the formation of noxious Aβ oligomers/plaques. A promising approach to AD prevention is the reduction of free Aβ levels by directed enhancement of Aβ binding to its natural depot, human serum albumin (HSA). We previously demonstrated the ability of specific low-molecular-weight ligands (LMWLs) in HSA to improve its affinity for Aβ. Here we develop this approach through a bioinformatic search for the clinically approved AD-related LMWLs in HSA, followed by classification of the candidates according to the predicted location of their binding sites on the HSA surface, ranking of the candidates, and selective experimental validation of their impact on HSA affinity for Aβ. The top 100 candidate LMWLs were classified into five clusters. The specific representatives of the different clusters exhibit dramatically different behavior, with 3- to 13-fold changes in equilibrium dissociation constants for the HSA-Aβ40 interaction: prednisone favors HSA-Aβ interaction, mefenamic acid shows the opposite effect, and levothyroxine exhibits bidirectional effects. Overall, the LMWLs in HSA chosen here provide a basis for drug repurposing for AD prevention, and for the search of medications promoting AD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgenia I. Deryusheva
- Institute for Biological Instrumentation, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Str., 7, Pushchino 142290, Moscow Region, Russia; (M.P.S.); (V.A.R.); (E.L.N.); (A.A.V.); (A.A.N.); (M.E.P.); (S.E.P.); (E.A.L.)
| | - Marina P. Shevelyova
- Institute for Biological Instrumentation, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Str., 7, Pushchino 142290, Moscow Region, Russia; (M.P.S.); (V.A.R.); (E.L.N.); (A.A.V.); (A.A.N.); (M.E.P.); (S.E.P.); (E.A.L.)
| | - Victoria A. Rastrygina
- Institute for Biological Instrumentation, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Str., 7, Pushchino 142290, Moscow Region, Russia; (M.P.S.); (V.A.R.); (E.L.N.); (A.A.V.); (A.A.N.); (M.E.P.); (S.E.P.); (E.A.L.)
| | - Ekaterina L. Nemashkalova
- Institute for Biological Instrumentation, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Str., 7, Pushchino 142290, Moscow Region, Russia; (M.P.S.); (V.A.R.); (E.L.N.); (A.A.V.); (A.A.N.); (M.E.P.); (S.E.P.); (E.A.L.)
| | - Alisa A. Vologzhannikova
- Institute for Biological Instrumentation, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Str., 7, Pushchino 142290, Moscow Region, Russia; (M.P.S.); (V.A.R.); (E.L.N.); (A.A.V.); (A.A.N.); (M.E.P.); (S.E.P.); (E.A.L.)
| | - Andrey V. Machulin
- Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. Nauki, 5, Pushchino 142290, Moscow Region, Russia;
| | - Alija A. Nazipova
- Institute for Biological Instrumentation, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Str., 7, Pushchino 142290, Moscow Region, Russia; (M.P.S.); (V.A.R.); (E.L.N.); (A.A.V.); (A.A.N.); (M.E.P.); (S.E.P.); (E.A.L.)
| | - Maria E. Permyakova
- Institute for Biological Instrumentation, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Str., 7, Pushchino 142290, Moscow Region, Russia; (M.P.S.); (V.A.R.); (E.L.N.); (A.A.V.); (A.A.N.); (M.E.P.); (S.E.P.); (E.A.L.)
| | - Sergei E. Permyakov
- Institute for Biological Instrumentation, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Str., 7, Pushchino 142290, Moscow Region, Russia; (M.P.S.); (V.A.R.); (E.L.N.); (A.A.V.); (A.A.N.); (M.E.P.); (S.E.P.); (E.A.L.)
| | - Ekaterina A. Litus
- Institute for Biological Instrumentation, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Str., 7, Pushchino 142290, Moscow Region, Russia; (M.P.S.); (V.A.R.); (E.L.N.); (A.A.V.); (A.A.N.); (M.E.P.); (S.E.P.); (E.A.L.)
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3
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Gong B, Yao Z, Zhou C, Wang W, Sun L, Han J. Glucagon-like peptide-1 analogs: Miracle drugs are blooming? Eur J Med Chem 2024; 269:116342. [PMID: 38531211 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), secreted by L cells in the small intestine, assumes a central role in managing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity. Its influence on insulin secretion and gastric emptying positions it as a therapeutic linchpin. However, the limited applicability of native GLP-1 stems from its short half-life, primarily due to glomerular filtration and the inactivating effect of dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV). To address this, various structural modification strategies have been developed to extend GLP-1's half-life. Despite the commendable efficacy displayed by current GLP-1 receptor agonists, inherent limitations persist. A paradigm shift emerges with the advent of unimolecular multi-agonists, such as the recently introduced tirzepatide, wherein GLP-1 is ingeniously combined with other gastrointestinal hormones. This novel approach has captured the spotlight within the diabetes and obesity research community. This review summarizes the physiological functions of GLP-1, systematically explores diverse structural modifications, delves into the realm of unimolecular multi-agonists, and provides a nuanced portrayal of the developmental prospects that lie ahead for GLP-1 analogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Gong
- College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, China; College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Zhihong Yao
- College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, China; College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Chenxu Zhou
- College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, China
| | - Wenxi Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Lidan Sun
- College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, China.
| | - Jing Han
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China.
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4
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Gao X, Kaluarachchi H, Zhang Y, Hwang S, Hannoush RN. A phage-displayed disulfide constrained peptide discovery platform yields novel human plasma protein binders. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299804. [PMID: 38547072 PMCID: PMC10977726 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Disulfide constrained peptides (DCPs) show great potential as templates for drug discovery. They are characterized by conserved cysteine residues that form intramolecular disulfide bonds. Taking advantage of phage display technology, we designed and generated twenty-six DCP phage libraries with enriched molecular diversity to enable the discovery of ligands against disease-causing proteins of interest. The libraries were designed based on five DCP scaffolds, namely Momordica charantia 1 (Mch1), gurmarin, Asteropsin-A, antimicrobial peptide-1 (AMP-1), and potato carboxypeptidase inhibitor (CPI). We also report optimized workflows for screening and producing synthetic and recombinant DCPs. Examples of novel DCP binders identified against various protein targets are presented, including human IgG Fc, serum albumin, vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). We identified DCPs against human IgG Fc and serum albumin with sub-micromolar affinity from primary panning campaigns, providing alternative tools for potential half-life extension of peptides and small protein therapeutics. Overall, the molecular diversity of the DCP scaffolds included in the designed libraries, coupled with their distinct biochemical and biophysical properties, enables efficient and robust identification of de novo binders to drug targets of therapeutic relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Gao
- Department of Early Discovery Biochemistry, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Department of Peptide Therapeutics, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Harini Kaluarachchi
- Department of Early Discovery Biochemistry, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Yingnan Zhang
- Department of Early Discovery Biochemistry, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Sunhee Hwang
- Department of Early Discovery Biochemistry, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Department of Peptide Therapeutics, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Rami N. Hannoush
- Department of Early Discovery Biochemistry, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, United States of America
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5
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Hong H, Lee UJ, Lee SH, Kim H, Lim GM, Lee SH, Son HF, Kim BG, Kim KJ. Highly efficient site-specific protein modification using tyrosinase from Streptomyces avermitilis: Structural insight. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 255:128313. [PMID: 37995783 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Tyrosinase-mediated protein conjugation has recently drawn attention as a site-specific protein modification tool under mild conditions. However, the tyrosinases reported to date act only on extremely exposed tyrosine residues, which limits where the target tyrosine can be located. Herein, we report a tyrosinase from Streptomyces avermitilis (SaTYR), that exhibits a much higher activity against tyrosine residues on the protein surface than other tyrosinases. We determined the crystal structure of SaTYR and revealed that the enzyme has a relatively flat and shallow substrate-binding pocket to accommodate a protein substrate. We demonstrated SaTYR-mediated fluorescence dye tagging and PEGylation of a surface tyrosine residue that was unreacted by other tyrosinases with an approximately 95.2 % conjugation yield in 1 h. We also present a structural rationale that considers the steric hindrance from adjacent residues and surrounding structures along with the extent of solvent exposure of residues, as necessary when determining the optimal positions for introducing target tyrosine residues in SaTYR-mediated protein modification. The study demonstrated that the novel tyrosinase, SaTYR, extends the scope of tyrosinase-mediated protein modification, and we propose that site-specific tyrosine conjugation using SaTYR is a promising strategy for protein bioconjugation in various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwaseok Hong
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, KNU Institute of Microbiology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Uk-Jae Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Bio-MAX/N-Bio, Institute of BioEngineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seul Hoo Lee
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, KNU Institute of Microbiology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Bio-MAX/N-Bio, Institute of BioEngineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyu-Min Lim
- Interdisciplinary Program for Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyuk Lee
- Interdisciplinary Program for Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeoncheol Francis Son
- Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Gee Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Bio-MAX/N-Bio, Institute of BioEngineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program for Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyung-Jin Kim
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, KNU Institute of Microbiology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
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6
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Wang J, Chen L, Qin S, Xie M, Luo SZ, Li W. Advances in biosynthesis of peptide drugs: Technology and industrialization. Biotechnol J 2024; 19:e2300256. [PMID: 37884278 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202300256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Peptide drugs are developed from endogenous or synthetic peptides with specific biological activities. They have advantages of strong target specificity, high efficacy and low toxicity, thus showing great promise in the treatment of many diseases such as cancer, infections, and diabetes. Although an increasing number of peptide drugs have entered market in recent years, the preparation of peptide drug substances is yet a bottleneck problem for their industrial production. Comparing to the chemical synthesis method, peptide biosynthesis has advantages of simple synthesis, low cost, and low contamination. Therefore, the biosynthesis technology of peptide drugs has been widely used for manufacturing. Herein, we reviewed the development of peptide drugs and recent advances in peptide biosynthesis technology, in order to shed a light to the prospect of industrial production of peptide drugs based on biosynthesis technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong, China
- College of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Long Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Song Qin
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Mingyuan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi-Zhong Luo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjun Li
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong, China
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7
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Otvos L, Wade JD. Big peptide drugs in a small molecule world. Front Chem 2023; 11:1302169. [PMID: 38144886 PMCID: PMC10740154 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1302169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
A quarter of a century ago, designer peptide drugs finally broke through the glass ceiling. Despite the resistance by big pharma, biotechnology companies managed to develop injectable peptide-based drugs, first against orphan or other small volume diseases, and later for conditions affecting large patient populations such as type 2 diabetes. Even their lack of gastrointestinal absorption could be utilized to enable successful oral dosing against chronic constipation. The preference of peptide therapeutics over small molecule competitors against identical medical conditions can be achieved by careful target selection, intrachain and terminal amino acid modifications, appropriate conjugation to stability enhancers and chemical space expansion, innovative delivery and administration techniques and patient-focused marketing strategies. Unfortunately, however, pharmacoeconomical considerations, including the strength of big pharma to develop competing small molecule drugs, have somewhat limited the success of otherwise smart peptide-based therapeutics. Yet, with increasing improvement in peptide drug modification and formulation, these are continuing to gain significant, and growing, acceptance as desirable alternatives to small molecule compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laszlo Otvos
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- OLPE Pharmaceutical Consultants, Audubon, PA, United States
| | - John D. Wade
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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8
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Jülke EM, Fischer JP, Els-Heindl S, Bierer D, Flamme I, Köbberling J, Riedl B, Beck-Sickinger AG. Rational design of highly stabilized and selective adrenomedullin analogs. J Pept Sci 2023; 29:e3530. [PMID: 37423610 DOI: 10.1002/psc.3530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
The peptide hormone adrenomedullin (ADM) consists of 52 amino acids with a disulfide bond and an amidated C-terminus. Due to the vasodilatory and cardioprotective effects, the agonistic activity of the peptide on the adrenomedullin 1 receptor (AM1 R) is of high pharmacological interest. However, the wild-type peptide shows low metabolic stability leading to rapid degradation in the cardiovascular system. Previous work by our group has identified proteolytic cleavage sites and demonstrated stabilization of ADM by lipidation, cyclization, and N-methylation. Nevertheless, these ADM analogs showed reduced activity and subtype selectivity toward the closely related calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor (CGRPR). Here, we report on the rational development of ADM derivatives with increased proteolytic stability and high receptor selectivity. Stabilizing motifs, including lactamization and lipidation, were evaluated regarding AM1 R and CGRPR activation. Furthermore, the central DKDK motif of the peptide was replaced by oligoethylene glycol linkers. The modified peptides were synthesized by Fmoc/t-Bu solid-phase peptide synthesis and receptor activation of AM1 R and CGRPR was measured by cAMP reporter gene assay. Peptide stability was tested in human blood plasma and porcine liver homogenate and analyzed by RP-HPLC and MALDI-ToF mass spectrometry. Combination of the favorable lactam, lipidation, ethylene glycol linker, and previously described disulfide mimetic resulted in highly stabilized analogs with a plasma half-life of more than 144 h. The compounds display excellent AM1 R activity and wild-type-like selectivity toward CGRPR. Additionally, dose-dependent vasodilatory effects of the ADM derivatives lasted for several hours in rodents. Thus, we successfully developed an ADM analog with long-term in vivo activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva-Maria Jülke
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jan-Patrick Fischer
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sylvia Els-Heindl
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Donald Bierer
- Division Pharmaceuticals, Drug Discovery Sciences, Bayer AG, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Ingo Flamme
- Division Pharmaceuticals, Research & Early Development, Bayer AG, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Johannes Köbberling
- Division Pharmaceuticals, Drug Discovery Sciences, Bayer AG, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Bernd Riedl
- Division Pharmaceuticals, Drug Discovery Sciences, Bayer AG, Wuppertal, Germany
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9
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McCarthy DR, Remington JM, Ferrell JB, Schneebeli ST, Li J. Nano-Bio Interactions between DNA Nanocages and Human Serum Albumin. J Chem Theory Comput 2023; 19:7873-7881. [PMID: 37877553 PMCID: PMC11070245 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.3c00720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
DNA nanostructures have emerged as promising nanomedical tools due to their biocompatibility and tunable behavior. Recent work has shown that DNA nanocages decorated with organic dendrimers strongly bind human serum albumin (HSA), yet the dynamic structures of these complexes remain uncharacterized. This theoretical and computational investigation elucidates the fuzzy interactions between dendritically functionalized cubic DNA nanocages and HSA. The dendrimer-HSA interactions occur via nonspecific binding with the protein thermodynamically and kinetically free to cross the open faces of the cubic scaffold. However, the rigidity of the DNA scaffold prevents the binding energetics from scaling with the number of dendrimers. These discoveries not only provide a useful framework by which to model general interactions of DNA nanostructures complexed with serum proteins but also give valuable molecular insight into the design of next-generation DNA nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Severin T. Schneebeli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy and Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Jianing Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
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10
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Nguyen TTK, Pham KY, Yook S. Engineered therapeutic proteins for sustained-release drug delivery systems. Acta Biomater 2023; 171:131-154. [PMID: 37717712 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Proteins play a vital role in diverse biological processes in the human body, and protein therapeutics have been applied to treat different diseases such as cancers, genetic disorders, autoimmunity, and inflammation. Protein therapeutics have demonstrated their advantages, such as specific pharmaceutical effects, low toxicity, and strong solubility. However, several disadvantages arise in clinical applications, including short half-life, immunogenicity, and low permeation, leading to reduced drug effectiveness. The structure of protein therapeutics can be modified to increase molecular size, leading to prolonged stability and increased plasma half-life. Notably, the controlled-release delivery systems for the sustained release of protein drugs and preserving the stability of cargo proteins are envisioned as a potential approach to overcome these challenges. In this review, we summarize recent research progress related to structural modifications (PEGylation, glycosylation, poly amino acid modification, and molecular biology-based strategies) and promising long-term delivery systems, such as polymer-based systems (injectable gel/implants, microparticles, nanoparticles, micro/nanogels, functional polymers), lipid-based systems (liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers), and inorganic nanoparticles exploited for protein therapeutics. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In this review, we highlight recent advances concerning modifying proteins directly to enhance their stability and functionality and discuss state-of-the-art methods for the delivery and controlled long-term release of active protein therapeutics to their target site. In terms of drug modifications, four widely used strategies, including PEGylation, poly amino acid modification, glycosylation, and genetic, are discussed. As for drug delivery systems, we emphasize recent progress relating to polymer-based systems, lipid-based systems developed, and inorganic nanoparticles for protein sustained-release delivery. This review points out the areas requiring focused research attention before the full potential of protein therapeutics for human health and disease can be realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thoa Thi Kim Nguyen
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeol-daero, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Khang-Yen Pham
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeol-daero, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea.
| | - Simmyung Yook
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeol-daero, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea; School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; Department of Biopharmaceutical Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Li Z, Shen L, Ma A, Talkington A, Li Z, Nyborg AC, Bowers MS, LaMoreaux B, Livingston EW, Frank JE, Yuan H, Lai SK. Pegloticase co-administered with high MW polyethylene glycol effectively reduces PEG-immunogenicity and restores prolonged circulation in mouse. Acta Biomater 2023; 170:250-259. [PMID: 37659730 PMCID: PMC10619887 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.08.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
The interactions between polymers and the immune system remains poorly controlled. In some instances, the immune system can produce antibodies specific to polymer constituents. Indeed, roughly half of pegloticase patients without immunomodulation develop high titers of anti-PEG antibodies (APA) to the PEG polymers on pegloticase, which then quickly clear the drug from circulation and render the gout treatment ineffective. Here, using pegloticase as a model drug, we show that addition of high molecular weight (MW) free (unconjugated) PEG to pegloticase allows us to control the immunogenicity and mitigates APA induction in mice. Compared to pegloticase mixed with saline, mice repeatedly dosed with pegloticase containing different MW or amount of free PEG possessed 4- to 12- fold lower anti-PEG IgG, and 6- to 10- fold lower anti-PEG IgM, after 3 rounds of pegloticase dosed every 2 weeks. The markedly reduced APA levels, together with competitive inhibition by free PEG, restored the prolonged circulation of pegloticase to levels observed in APA-naïve animals. In contrast, mice with pegloticase-induced APA eliminated nearly all pegloticase from the circulation within just four hours post-injection. These results support the growing literature demonstrating free PEG may effectively suppress drug-induced APA, which in turn may offer sustained therapeutic benefits without requiring broad immunomodulation. We also showed free PEG effectively blocked the PEGylated protein from binding with cells expressing PEG-specific B cell receptors. It provides a template of how we may be able to tune the interactions and immunogenicity of other polymer-modified therapeutics. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: A major challenge with engineering materials for drug delivery is their interactions with the immune system. For instance, our body can produce high levels of anti-PEG antibodies (APA). Unfortunately, the field currently lack tools to limit immunostimulation or overcome pre-existing anti-PEG antibodies, without using broad immunosuppression. Here, we showed that simply introducing free PEG into a clinical formulation of PEG-uricase can effectively limit induction of anti-PEG antibodies, and restore their prolonged circulation upon repeated dosing. Our work offers a readily translatable method to safely and effectively restore the use PEG-drugs in patients with PEG-immunity, and provides a template to use unconjugated polymers with low immunogenicity to regulate interactions with the immune system for other polymer-modified therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongbo Li
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Limei Shen
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Alice Ma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Anne Talkington
- Program in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Zibo Li
- Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | | | | | - Eric W Livingston
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jonathan E Frank
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Hong Yuan
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Samuel K Lai
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Program in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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12
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Wong JYK, Ekanayake AI, Kharchenko S, Kirberger SE, Qiu R, Kelich P, Sarkar S, Li J, Fernandez KX, Alvizo-Paez ER, Miao J, Kalhor-Monfared S, John JD, Kang H, Choi H, Nuss JM, Vederas JC, Lin YS, Macauley MS, Vukovic L, Pomerantz WCK, Derda R. Genetically encoded discovery of perfluoroaryl macrocycles that bind to albumin and exhibit extended circulation in vivo. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5654. [PMID: 37704629 PMCID: PMC10499988 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41427-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Peptide-based therapeutics have gained attention as promising therapeutic modalities, however, their prevalent drawback is poor circulation half-life in vivo. In this paper, we report the selection of albumin-binding macrocyclic peptides from genetically encoded libraries of peptides modified by perfluoroaryl-cysteine SNAr chemistry, with decafluoro-diphenylsulfone (DFS). Testing of the binding of the selected peptides to albumin identified SICRFFC as the lead sequence. We replaced DFS with isosteric pentafluorophenyl sulfide (PFS) and the PFS-SICRFFCGG exhibited KD = 4-6 µM towards human serum albumin. When injected in mice, the concentration of the PFS-SICRFFCGG in plasma was indistinguishable from the reference peptide, SA-21. More importantly, a conjugate of PFS-SICRFFCGG and peptide apelin-17 analogue (N3-PEG6-NMe17A2) showed retention in circulation similar to SA-21; in contrast, apelin-17 analogue was cleared from the circulation after 2 min. The PFS-SICRFFC is the smallest known peptide macrocycle with a significant affinity for human albumin and substantial in vivo circulation half-life. It is a productive starting point for future development of compact macrocycles with extended half-life in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Y K Wong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Arunika I Ekanayake
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Serhii Kharchenko
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Steven E Kirberger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Ryan Qiu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Payam Kelich
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA
| | - Susmita Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Jiaqian Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | | | - Edgar R Alvizo-Paez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Jiayuan Miao
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | | | - J Dwyer John
- Ferring Research Institute, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Hongsuk Kang
- Quantum Intelligence Corp., 31F, One IFC, 10 Gukjegeumyung-ro, Yeongdeungpo-gu-Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwanho Choi
- Quantum Intelligence Corp., 31F, One IFC, 10 Gukjegeumyung-ro, Yeongdeungpo-gu-Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - John M Nuss
- Ferring Research Institute, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - John C Vederas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Yu-Shan Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Matthew S Macauley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G2, Canada
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Lela Vukovic
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA
| | | | - Ratmir Derda
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G2, Canada.
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13
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Abd-Ellah HS, Mudududdla R, Carter GP, Baell JB. Novel Perspectives on the Design and Development of a Long-Acting Subcutaneous Raltegravir Injection for Treatment of HIV-In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051530. [PMID: 37242770 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Antiretrovirals (ARVs) are a highly effective therapy for treatment and prevention of HIV infection, when administered as prescribed. However, adherence to lifelong ARV regimens poses a considerable challenge and places HIV patients at risk. Long-acting ARV injections may improve patient adherence as well as maintaining long-term continuous drug exposure, resulting in improved pharmacodynamics. In the present work, we explored the aminoalkoxycarbonyloxymethyl (amino-AOCOM) ether prodrug concept as a potential approach to long-acting ARV injections. As a proof of concept, we synthesised model compounds containing the 4-carboxy-2-methyl Tokyo Green (CTG) fluorophore and assessed their stability under pH and temperature conditions that mimic those found in the subcutaneous (SC) tissue. Among them, probe 21 displayed very slow fluorophore release under SC-like conditions (98% of the fluorophore released over 15 d). Compound 25, a prodrug of the ARV agent raltegravir (RAL), was subsequently prepared and evaluated using the same conditions. This compound showed an excellent in vitro release profile, with a half-life (t½) of 19.3 d and 82% of RAL released over 45 d. In mice, 25 extended the half-life of unmodified RAL by 4.2-fold (t½ = 3.18 h), providing initial proof of concept of the ability of amino-AOCOM prodrugs to extend drug lifetimes in vivo. Although this effect was not as pronounced as seen in vitro-presumably due to enzymatic degradation and rapid clearance of the prodrug in vivo-the present results nevertheless pave the way for development of more metabolically stable prodrugs, to facilitate long-acting delivery of ARVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba S Abd-Ellah
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Ramesh Mudududdla
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Glen P Carter
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Jonathan B Baell
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
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14
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Hu H, Ransdell AS, Qu H, Durbin JD, Valenzuela FA, Hernandez-Buquer S, Gonciarz MD. Probing the Binding Mechanism of Acylated Peptides to Human Serum Albumin. ACS Chem Biol 2023; 18:1158-1167. [PMID: 37145869 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.3c00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Peptides represent an increasingly important class of pharmaceutical products. During the last decade or so, acylation with fatty acids has demonstrated considerable success in prolonging the circulating half-life of therapeutic peptides by exploiting the ability of fatty acids to reversibly bind to human serum albumin (HSA), thus significantly impacting their pharmacological profiles. Employing methyl-13C-labeled oleic acid or palmitic acid as probe molecules and exploiting HSA mutants designed to probe fatty acid binding, the signals in two-dimensional (2D) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra corresponding to high-affinity fatty acid binding sites in HSA were assigned. Subsequently, using a set of selected acylated peptides, competitive displacement experiments by 2D NMR identified a primary fatty acid binding site in HSA utilized in acylated peptide binding. These results represent an important first step toward understanding the structural basis for acylated peptides binding to HSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Hu
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Anthony S Ransdell
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Hongchang Qu
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Jim D Durbin
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Francisco A Valenzuela
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Selene Hernandez-Buquer
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Malgorzata D Gonciarz
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
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15
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Esposito S, Krick A, Pasquier O, Bonche F, Ingenito R, Magotti P, Bianchi E, Monteagudo E, Gallo M, Cicero DO, Orsatti L, Veneziano M, Caretti F, Mele R, Roversi D, Gennari N, Brasseur D, Gauzy-Lazo L, Duclos O, Mauriac C, Illiano S, Mallart S. Fatty acid acylated peptide therapeutics: discovery of omega-n oxidation of the lipid chain as a novel metabolic pathway in preclinical species. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 227:115256. [PMID: 36764268 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
We recently described C18 fatty acid acylated peptides as a new class of potent long-lasting single-chain RXFP1 agonists that displayed relaxin-like activities in vivo. Early pharmacokinetics and toxicological studies of these stearic acid acylated peptides revealed a relevant oxidative metabolism occurring in dog and minipig, and also seen at a lower extent in monkey and rat. Mass spectrometry combined to NMR spectroscopy studies revealed that the oxidation occurred, unexpectedly, on the stearic acid chain at ω-1, ω-2 and ω-3 positions. Structure-metabolism relationship studies on acylated analogues with different fatty acids lengths (C15-C20) showed that the extent of oxidation was higher with longer chains. The oxidized metabolites could be generated in vitro using liver microsomes and engineered bacterial CYPs. These systems were correlating poorly with in vivo metabolism observed across species; however, the results suggest that this biotransformation pathway might be catalyzed by some unknown CYP enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Esposito
- Biodistribution, Biotransformation and Analytical Science Unit, Experimental Pharmacology Department, IRBM Spa, Via Pontina Km 30 600, 00 071 Pomezia, Rome, Italy.
| | - Alain Krick
- DMPK France, Sanofi R&D, 1 rue Pierre Brossolette, 91385 Chilly Mazarin, France.
| | - Olivier Pasquier
- DMPK France, Sanofi R&D, 1 rue Pierre Brossolette, 91385 Chilly Mazarin, France
| | - Fabrice Bonche
- DMPK France, Sanofi R&D, 1 rue Pierre Brossolette, 91385 Chilly Mazarin, France
| | - Raffaele Ingenito
- Peptide Chemistry Unit, Peptides & Small Molecules R&D Department, IRBM Spa, Via Pontina Km 30 600, 00 071 Pomezia, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Magotti
- Peptide Chemistry Unit, Peptides & Small Molecules R&D Department, IRBM Spa, Via Pontina Km 30 600, 00 071 Pomezia, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Bianchi
- Peptide Chemistry Unit, Peptides & Small Molecules R&D Department, IRBM Spa, Via Pontina Km 30 600, 00 071 Pomezia, Rome, Italy
| | - Edith Monteagudo
- Biodistribution, Biotransformation and Analytical Science Unit, Experimental Pharmacology Department, IRBM Spa, Via Pontina Km 30 600, 00 071 Pomezia, Rome, Italy; PK/PD & Bioanalytics Unit, Experimental Pharmacology Department, IRBM Spa, Via Pontina Km 30 600, 00 071 Pomezia, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariana Gallo
- Structural Biology Unit, Computational Chemistry & Structural Biology Department, IRBM Spa, Via Pontina Km 30 600, 00 071 Pomezia, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniel Oscar Cicero
- Department of Chemical Science and Technology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Orsatti
- PK/PD & Bioanalytics Unit, Experimental Pharmacology Department, IRBM Spa, Via Pontina Km 30 600, 00 071 Pomezia, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Veneziano
- PK/PD & Bioanalytics Unit, Experimental Pharmacology Department, IRBM Spa, Via Pontina Km 30 600, 00 071 Pomezia, Rome, Italy
| | - Fulvia Caretti
- PK/PD & Bioanalytics Unit, Experimental Pharmacology Department, IRBM Spa, Via Pontina Km 30 600, 00 071 Pomezia, Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Mele
- Biodistribution, Biotransformation and Analytical Science Unit, Experimental Pharmacology Department, IRBM Spa, Via Pontina Km 30 600, 00 071 Pomezia, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Roversi
- Peptide Chemistry Unit, Peptides & Small Molecules R&D Department, IRBM Spa, Via Pontina Km 30 600, 00 071 Pomezia, Rome, Italy
| | - Nadia Gennari
- High Throughput Biology & Screening, Translational Research Department, IRBM Spa, Via Pontina Km 30 600, 00 071 Pomezia, Rome, Italy
| | - Denis Brasseur
- Integrated Drug Discovery, Sanofi R&D, 1 rue Pierre Brossolette, 91385 Chilly Mazarin, France
| | - Laurence Gauzy-Lazo
- Integrated Drug Discovery, Sanofi R&D, 1 rue Pierre Brossolette, 91385 Chilly Mazarin, France
| | - Olivier Duclos
- Integrated Drug Discovery, Sanofi R&D, 1 rue Pierre Brossolette, 91385 Chilly Mazarin, France
| | - Christine Mauriac
- DMPK France, Sanofi R&D, 1 rue Pierre Brossolette, 91385 Chilly Mazarin, France
| | - Stephane Illiano
- Investigative Toxicology, Sanofi R&D, 1 rue Pierre Brossolette, 91385 Chilly Mazarin, France
| | - Sergio Mallart
- Integrated Drug Discovery, Sanofi R&D, 1 rue Pierre Brossolette, 91385 Chilly Mazarin, France.
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16
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Zhang C, Yang X, Meng X, Wu L, Liu X, Gao J, Liu S, Wu J, Huang D, Wang Z, Su X. Discovery of Novel PTP1B Inhibitors with Once-Weekly Therapeutic Potential for Type 2 Diabetes: Design, Synthesis, and In Vitro and In Vivo Investigations of BimBH3 Peptide Analogues. J Med Chem 2023; 66:3030-3044. [PMID: 36749220 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c02003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Poor medication adherence in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus has become one of the main causes of suboptimal glycemic control. Once-weekly drugs can markedly improve the convenience, adherence, and quality of life of T2DM patients; thus, they are clinically needed and preferred. PTP1B plays a negative role in both insulin and leptin signaling pathways, which makes it an important target for diabetes. Herein, we design and synthesize 35 analogues of core BimBH3 peptide via lipidation/acylation strategy based on our previous work and evaluate their PTP1B inhibitory activity, obtaining the primary structure-activity relationship. Five compounds with good PPT1B inhibitory activity, target selectivity, and significantly improved stability were selected for molecular docking study and searching candidate molecules with long-acting antidiabetic potential. The in vivo anti-T2DM evaluation validated the once-weekly therapeutic potential of analogues 19, 26, 27, 31, and 33, which were comparable with semaglutide and therefore presented as promising drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanliang Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China.,School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xianmin Yang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Xinjia Meng
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Lijuan Wu
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.,Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xiaochun Liu
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.,Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jiangming Gao
- Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Shan Liu
- Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Juan Wu
- Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Dingmin Huang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Zhenwei Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Xianbin Su
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
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17
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Fatty acid chain modification of loxenatide and its kinetics in a continuous flow microchannel reactor. Process Biochem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2022.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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18
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Liu Y, Bai X, Lyu C, Fang J, Zhang F, Wu WH, Wei W, Zhang WB. Mechano-bioconjugation Strategy Empowering Fusion Protein Therapeutics with Aggregation Resistance, Prolonged Circulation, and Enhanced Antitumor Efficacy. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:18387-18396. [PMID: 36178288 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c06532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Bioconjugation is a powerful protein modification strategy to improve protein properties. Herein, we report mechano-bioconjugation as a novel approach to empower fusion protein therapeutics and demonstrate its utility by a protein heterocatenane (cat-IFN-ABD) containing interferon-α2b (IFN) mechanically interlocked with a consensus albumin-binding domain (ABD). The conjugate was selectively synthesized in cellulo following a cascade of post-translational events using a pair of heterodimerizing p53dim variants and two orthogonal split-intein reactions. The catenane topology was proven by combined techniques of LC-MS, SDS-PAGE, SEC, and controlled proteolytic digestion. Not only did cat-IFN-ABD retain activities comparable to those of the wild-type IFN and ABD, the conjugate also exhibited enhanced aggregation resistance and prolonged circulation time over the simple linear and cyclic fusions. Consequently, cat-IFN-ABD potently inhibited tumor growth in the mouse xenograft model. Therefore, mechano-bioconjugation by catenation accomplishes function integration with additional benefits, providing an alternative pathway for developing advanced protein therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajie Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
| | - Xilin Bai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
| | - Chengliang Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Jing Fang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Hao Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Bin Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
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19
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Crystal Chan SH, Griffin JM, Clemett CA, Brimble MA, O’Carroll SJ, Harris PWR. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Termini-Modified and Cyclic Variants of the Connexin43 Inhibitor Peptide5. Front Chem 2022; 10:877618. [PMID: 36176893 PMCID: PMC9513234 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.877618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptide5 is a 12–amino acid mimetic peptide that corresponds to a region of the extracellular loop 2 (EL2) of connexin43. Peptide5 regulates both cellular communication with the cytoplasm (hemichannels) and cell-to-cell communication (gap junctions), and both processes are implicated in neurological pathologies. To address the poor in vivo stability of native peptide5 and to improve its activity, twenty-five novel peptide5 mimetics were designed and synthesized. All the analogues underwent biological evaluation as a hemichannel blocker and as a gap junction disruptor, and several were assessed for stability in human serum. From this study, it was established that several acylations on the N-terminus were tolerated in the hemichannel assay. However, the replacement of the L-Lys with an N-methylated L-Lys to give H-VDCFLSRPTE-N-MeKT-OH showed good hemichannel and gap junction activity and was more stable in human serum. The cyclic peptide variants generally were not tolerated in either the hemichannel and gap junction assay although several possessed outstanding stability in human serum.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jarred M. Griffin
- Centre for Brain Research, Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Connor A. Clemett
- Centre for Brain Research, Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Margaret A. Brimble
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Simon J. O’Carroll
- Centre for Brain Research, Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- *Correspondence: Simon J. O’Carroll, ; Paul W. R. Harris,
| | - Paul W. R. Harris
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- *Correspondence: Simon J. O’Carroll, ; Paul W. R. Harris,
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20
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Esposito S, Orsatti L, Pucci V. Subcutaneous Catabolism of Peptide Therapeutics: Bioanalytical Approaches and ADME Considerations. Xenobiotica 2022; 52:828-839. [PMID: 36039395 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2022.2119180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Many peptide drugs such as insulin and glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1) analogues are successfully administered subcutaneously (SC). Following SC injection, peptides may undergo catabolism in the SC compartment before entering systemic circulation, which could compromise their bioavailability and in turn affect their efficacy.This review will discuss how both technology and strategy have evolved over the past years to further elucidate peptide SC catabolism.Modern bioanalytical technologies (particularly liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry) and bioinformatics platforms for data mining has prompted the development of in silico, in vitro and in vivo tools for characterizing peptide SC catabolism to rapidly address proteolytic liabilities and, ultimately, guide the design of peptides with improved SC bioavailability.More predictive models able to recapitulate the interplay between SC catabolism and other factors driving SC absorption are highly desirable to improve in vitro/in vivo correlations.We envision the routine incorporation of in vitro and in vivo SC catabolism studies in ADME screening funnels to develop more effective peptide drugs for SC delivery.
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21
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Xu L, Guan R, Yu B, Li Y, Liu H, Jiang Y. Fluorene methoxycarbonyl-PEG-deferoxamine conjugates "hitchhike" with albumin in situ for iron overload therapy. Int J Pharm 2022; 625:122136. [PMID: 36029994 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Although deferoxamine (DFO) has been approved for the treatment the iron overloaded diseases, its clinical application is impeded by very short circulation time and its relating toxicity. In this work, the fluorene methoxycarbonyl (FMOC) for "albumin hitchhiking" was used to prolong the plasma circulation time of DFO and reduce toxicity. The designed FMOC-PEG-DFO conjugates were found to reversible bind to albumin and gradually release DFO in vivo. Herein, the FMOC-PEG1000-DFO conjugates could increase 30 times the blood circulation time of DFO with the improvement of the iron elimination efficacy. Meanwhile, the conjugates markedly reduced the cytotoxicity of DFO. Taken together, the result demonstrated the FMOC-PEG1000-DFO conjugates could be a potential therapeutic choice for iron-overload-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyi Xu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Rou Guan
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bohong Yu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yicheng Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hongzhuo Liu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Yiguo Jiang
- Suzhou Science & Technology Town Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215153, China.
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22
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Ibnat N, Zaman R, Uddin MB, Chowdhury E, Lee CY. Improved systemic half-life of glucagon-like peptide-1-loaded carbonate apatite nanoparticles in rats. World J Diabetes 2022; 13:613-621. [PMID: 36159222 PMCID: PMC9412859 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v13.i8.613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP1) is an endogenous peptide that regulates blood glucose level. But its susceptibility to rapid metabolic degradation limits its therapeutic use.
AIM To prepare GLP1-encapsulated nanosize particle with controlled release property to improve the systemic half-life of GLP1.
METHODS GLP1 nanoparticles were prepared by complexation of GLP1 with carbonate apatite nanoparticles (CA NPs). The physicochemical properties of the CA NPs, the effects of GLP1-loaded CA NPs on cell viability, and the systemic bioavailability of GLP1 after CA NPs administration were determined.
RESULTS The GLP1-loaded CA NPs was within 200 nm in size and stable in fetal bovine serum. The formulation did not affect the viability of human cell lines suggesting that the accumulation of CA NPs in target tissues is safe. In Sprague Dawley rats, the plasma GLP1 Levels as measured from the GLP1-loaded CA NPs-treated rats, were significantly higher than that of the control rats and free GLP1-treated rats at 1 h post-treatment (P < 0.05), and the level remained higher than the other two groups for at least 4 h.
CONCLUSION The GLP1-loaded CA NPs improved the plasma half-life of GLP1. The systemic bioavailability of GLP1 is longer than other GLP1 nanoparticles reported to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabilah Ibnat
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rahela Zaman
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Borhan Uddin
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ezharul Chowdhury
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chooi Yeng Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
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23
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Hung KY, Kowalczyk R, Desai A, Brimble MA, Marshall JF, Harris PWR. Synthesis and Systematic Study on the Effect of Different PEG Units on Stability of PEGylated, Integrin-αvβ6-Specific A20FMDV2 Analogues in Rat Serum and Human Plasma. Molecules 2022; 27:4331. [PMID: 35889207 PMCID: PMC9316855 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A20FMDV2 is a 20-mer peptide that exhibits high selectivity and affinity for the tumour-related αvβ6 integrin that can compete with extracellular ligands for the crucial RGD binding site, playing a role as a promising αvβ6-specific inhibitor for anti-cancer therapies. Unfortunately, the clinical value of A20FMDV2 is limited by its poor half-life in blood caused by rapid renal excretion and its reported high susceptibility to serum proteases. The incorporation of poly (ethylene glycol) chains, coined PEGylation, is a well-established approach to improve the pharmacokinetic properties of drug molecules. Here, we report a systematic study on the incorporation of a varying number of ethylene glycol units (1-20) into the A20FMDV2 peptide to establish the effects of PEGylation size on the peptide stability in both rat serum and human plasma. In addition, the effect of acetyl and propionyl PEGylation handles on peptide stability is also described. Selected peptide analogues were assessed for integrin-αvβ6-targeted binding, showing good specificity and activity in vitro. Stability studies in rat serum established that all of the PEGylated peptides displayed good stability, and an A20FMDV2 peptide containing twenty ethylene glycol units (PEG20) was the most stable. Surprisingly, the stability testing in human plasma identified shorter PEGs (PEG2 and PEG5) as more resistant to degradation than longer PEGs, a trend which was also observed with affinity binding to integrin αvβ6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-yuan Hung
- The School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, 23 Symonds St, Auckland 1010, New Zealand; (K.-y.H.); (M.A.B.)
| | - Renata Kowalczyk
- The School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, 23 Symonds St, Auckland 1010, New Zealand; (K.-y.H.); (M.A.B.)
| | - Ami Desai
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-Cancer Research UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK;
| | - Margaret A. Brimble
- The School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, 23 Symonds St, Auckland 1010, New Zealand; (K.-y.H.); (M.A.B.)
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- The School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, 3A Symonds St, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - John F. Marshall
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-Cancer Research UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK;
| | - Paul W. R. Harris
- The School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, 23 Symonds St, Auckland 1010, New Zealand; (K.-y.H.); (M.A.B.)
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- The School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, 3A Symonds St, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
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24
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Yang B, Gomes Dos Santos A, Puri S, Bak A, Zhou L. The industrial design, translation, and development strategies for long-acting peptide delivery. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2022; 19:1233-1245. [PMID: 35787229 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2022.2098276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Peptides are widely recognized as therapeutic agents in the treatment of a wide range of diseases, such as cancer, diabetes etc. However, their use has been limited by their short half-life, due to significant metabolism by exo- and endo-peptidases as well as their inherent poor physical and chemical stability. Research with the aim of improving their half-life in the body, and thus improving patient compliance (by decreasing the frequency of injections) has gained significant attention. AREAS COVERED This review outlines the current landscape and industrial approaches to achieve extended peptide exposure and reduce dosing frequency. Emphasis is placed on identifying challenges in drug product manufacturing and desirable critical quality attributes that are essential for activity and safety, providing insights into chemistry and design aspects impacting peptide release, and summarizing important considerations for CMC developability assessments of sustained release peptide drugs. EXPERT OPINION Bring the patient and disease perspective early into development. Substantial advances have been made in the field of sustained delivery of peptides despite their complexity. The article will also highlight considerations for early-stage product design and development, providing an industrial perspective on risk mitigation in developing sustained release peptide drug products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yang
- Advanced Drug Delivery, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ana Gomes Dos Santos
- Advanced Drug Delivery, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sanyogitta Puri
- Advanced Drug Delivery, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Annette Bak
- Advanced Drug Delivery, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Boston, USA
| | - Liping Zhou
- Advanced Drug Delivery, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Boston, USA
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25
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Design and Evaluation of Autophagy-Inducing Particles for the Treatment of Abnormal Lipid Accumulation. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14071379. [PMID: 35890275 PMCID: PMC9318411 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14071379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a fundamental housekeeping process by which cells degrade their components to maintain homeostasis. Defects in autophagy have been associated with aging, neurodegeneration and metabolic diseases. Non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLDs) are characterized by hepatic fat accumulation with or without inflammation. No treatment for NAFLDs is currently available, but autophagy induction has been proposed as a promising therapeutic strategy. Here, we aimed to design autophagy-inducing particles, using the autophagy-inducing peptide (Tat-Beclin), and achieve liver targeting in vivo, taking NAFLD as a model disease. Polylactic acid (PLA) particles were prepared by nanoprecipitation without any surfactant, followed by surface peptide adsorption. The ability of Tat-Beclin nanoparticles (NP T-B) to modulate autophagy and to decrease intracellular lipid was evaluated in vitro by LC3 immunoblot and using a cellular model of steatosis, respectively. The intracellular localization of particles was evaluated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Finally, biodistribution of fluorescent NP T-B was evaluated in vivo using tomography in normal and obese mice. The results showed that NP T-B induce autophagy with a long-lasting and enhanced effect compared to the soluble peptide, and at a ten times lower dose. Intracellular lipid also decreased in a cellular model of NAFLD after treatment with T-B and NP T-B under the same dose conditions. Ultrastructural studies revealed that NP T-B are internalized and located in endosomal, endolysosomal and autolysosomal compartments, while in healthy and obese mice, NP T-B could accumulate for several days in the liver. Given the beneficial effects of autophagy-inducing particles in vitro, and their capacity to target the liver of normal and obese mice, NP T-B could be a promising therapeutic tool for NAFLDs, warranting further in vivo investigation.
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26
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Wang SC, Teng XN, Wang XD, Dong YS, Yuan HL, Xiu ZL. Recycling reaction and separation for FACylation of loxenatide by trade-off between miscibility and immiscibility of reactants and product in methanol solution. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1676:463239. [PMID: 35709607 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The growing demand and scale of production for fatty acid chain modified (FACylated) polypeptide has sparked the interest in novel production technologies. In this study, a recycling reaction and separation process was proposed and applied to the fatty acid chain modification (FACylation) of loxenatide (LOX), which was based on the difference in solubility between reactants and FACylated product. Especially, the mixed PBS-Methanol (MeOH) solution was designed to meet the demands for FACylation of LOX as well as separation of FACylated LOX and residual modifier. In order to ensure the efficient FACylation, a mixed 10% PBS-90% MeOH (v/v) solution was chosen to provide a good miscibility for two reactants, LOX and N-tetradecylmaleimide (C14-MAL). On the other hand, the immiscibility between reactant (C14-MAL) and FACylated product (N-tetradecyl-Loxenatide (C14-LOX)) could realize the separation of C14-LOX when the MeOH concentration was less than 30% (v/v). Based on this strategy, the recycling reaction and separation process for FACylation of LOX was established by adjusting the MeOH concentration in the mixed solution. The reaction yield and recovery of C14-LOX exceeded 97% and 94%, and the excess reactant C14-MAL could be recycled with a recovery of more than 80%. Furthermore, after purification by reversed-phase chromatography, C14-LOX showed good pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties in vivo. This study will have great application prospects in industrial production of C14-LOX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Chang Wang
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Xin-Nan Teng
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Xu-Dong Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Yue-Sheng Dong
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Heng-Li Yuan
- State Key Laboratory Cultivating Base for Long-acting Bio-medical Research of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Hansoh Pharmaceutical Group Co. Ltd., Lianyungang 222000, China
| | - Zhi-Long Xiu
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
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27
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Weißenborn L, Richel E, Hüseman H, Welzer J, Beck S, Schäfer S, Sticht H, Überla K, Eichler J. Smaller, Stronger, More Stable: Peptide Variants of a SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Miniprotein. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116309. [PMID: 35682988 PMCID: PMC9181698 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on the structure of a de novo designed miniprotein (LCB1) in complex with the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, we have generated and characterized truncated peptide variants of LCB1, which present only two of the three LCB1 helices, and which fully retained the virus neutralizing potency against different SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOC). This antiviral activity was even 10-fold stronger for a cyclic variant of the two-helix peptides, as compared to the full-length peptide. Furthermore, the proteolytic stability of the cyclic peptide was substantially improved, rendering it a better potential candidate for SARS-CoV-2 therapy. In a more mechanistic approach, the peptides also served as tools to dissect the role of individual mutations in the RBD for the susceptibility of the resulting virus variants to neutralization by the peptides. As the peptides reported here were generated through chemical synthesis, rather than recombinant protein expression, they are amenable to further chemical modification, including the incorporation of a wide range of non-proteinogenic amino acids, with the aim to further stabilize the peptides against proteolytic degradation, as well as to improve the strength, as well the breadth, of their virus neutralizing capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Weißenborn
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; (L.W.); (H.H.); (J.W.); (S.B.)
| | - Elie Richel
- Institute for Clinical and Molecular Virology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (E.R.); (K.Ü.)
| | - Helena Hüseman
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; (L.W.); (H.H.); (J.W.); (S.B.)
| | - Julia Welzer
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; (L.W.); (H.H.); (J.W.); (S.B.)
| | - Silvan Beck
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; (L.W.); (H.H.); (J.W.); (S.B.)
| | - Simon Schäfer
- Department of Biology, Genetics Division, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany;
| | - Heinrich Sticht
- Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany;
| | - Klaus Überla
- Institute for Clinical and Molecular Virology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (E.R.); (K.Ü.)
| | - Jutta Eichler
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; (L.W.); (H.H.); (J.W.); (S.B.)
- Correspondence:
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28
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Zheng Y, Cong Y, Schmidt EW, Nair SK. Catalysts for the Enzymatic Lipidation of Peptides. Acc Chem Res 2022; 55:1313-1323. [PMID: 35442036 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.2c00108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Biologically active peptides are a major growing class of drugs, but their therapeutic potential is constrained by several limitations including bioavailability and poor pharmacokinetics. The attachment of functional groups like lipids has proven to be a robust and effective strategy for improving their therapeutic potential. Biochemical and bioactivity-guided screening efforts have identified the cyanobactins as a large class of ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) that are modified with lipids. These lipids are attached by the F superfamily of peptide prenyltransferase enzymes that utilize 5-carbon (prenylation) or 10-carbon (geranylation) donors. The chemical structures of various cyanobactins initially showed isoprenoid attachments on Ser, Thr, or Tyr. Biochemical characterization of the F prenyltransferases from the corresponding clusters shows that the different enzymes have different acceptor residue specificities but are otherwise remarkably sequence tolerant. Hence, these enzymes are well suited for biotechnological applications. The crystal structure of the Tyr O-prenyltransferase PagF reveals that the F enzyme shares a domain architecture reminiscent of a canonical ABBA prenyltransferase fold but lacks secondary structural elements necessary to form an enclosed active site. Binding of either cyclic or linear peptides is sufficient to close the active site to allow for productive catalysis, explaining why these enzymes cannot use isolated amino acids as substrates.Almost all characterized isoprenylated cyanobactins are modified with 5-carbon isoprenoids. However, chemical characterization demonstrates that the piricyclamides are modified with a 10-carbon geranyl moiety, and in vitro reconstitution of the corresponding PirF shows that the enzyme is a geranyltransferase. Structural analysis of PirF shows an active site nearly identical with that of the PagF prenyltransferase but with a single amino acid substitution. Of note, mutation at this residue in PagF or PirF can completely switch the isoprenoid donor specificity of these enzymes. Recent efforts have resulted in significant expansion of the F family with enzymes identified that can carry out C-prenylations of Trp, N-prenylations of Trp, and bis-N-prenylations of Arg. Additional genome-guided efforts based on the sequence of F enzymes identify linear cyanobactins that are α-N-prenylated and α-C-methylated by a bifunctional prenyltransferase/methyltransferase fusion and a bis-α-N- and α-C-prenylated linear peptide. The discovery of these different classes of prenyltransferases with diverse acceptor residue specificities expands the biosynthetic toolkit for enzymatic prenylation of peptide substrates.In this Account, we review the current knowledge scope of the F family of peptide prenyltransferases, focusing on the biochemical, structure-function, and chemical characterization studies that have been carried out in our laboratories. These enzymes are easily amenable for diversity-oriented synthetic efforts as they can accommodate substrate peptides of diverse sequences and are thus attractive catalysts for use in synthetic biology approaches to generate high-value peptidic therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwu Zheng
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Ying Cong
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Eric W. Schmidt
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Satish K. Nair
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Center for Biophysics and Computational Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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29
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Danielsen M, Hempel C, Andresen TL, Urquhart AJ. Biopharmaceutical nanoclusters: Towards the self-delivery of protein and peptide therapeutics. J Control Release 2022; 347:282-307. [PMID: 35513210 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Protein and peptide biopharmaceuticals have had a major impact on the treatment of a number of diseases. There is a growing interest in overcoming some of the challenges associated with biopharmaceuticals, such as rapid degradation in physiological fluid, using nanocarrier delivery systems. Biopharmaceutical nanoclusters (BNCs) where the therapeutic protein or peptide is clustered together to form the main constituent of the nanocarrier system have the potential to mimic the benefits of more established nanocarriers (e.g., liposomal and polymeric systems) whilst eliminating the issue of low drug loading and potential side effects from additives. These benefits would include enhanced stability, improved absorption, and increased biopharmaceutical activity. However, the successful development of BNCs is challenged by the physicochemical complexity of the protein and peptide constituents as well as the dynamics of clustering. Here, we present and discuss common methodologies for the synthesis of therapeutic protein and peptide nanoclusters, as well as review the current status of this emerging field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mia Danielsen
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Casper Hempel
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Thomas L Andresen
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Andrew J Urquhart
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
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30
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Wijesinghe A, Kumari S, Booth V. Conjugates for use in peptide therapeutics: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0255753. [PMID: 35259149 PMCID: PMC8903268 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
While peptides can be excellent therapeutics for several conditions, their limited in vivo half-lives have been a major bottleneck in the development of therapeutic peptides. Conjugating the peptide to an inert chemical moiety is a strategy that has repeatedly proven to be successful in extending the half-life of some therapeutics. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to examine the available literature and assess it in an unbiased manner to determine which conjugates, both biological and synthetic, provide the greatest increase in therapeutic peptide half-life. Systematic searches run on PubMed, Scopus and SciFinder databases resulted in 845 studies pertaining to the topic, 16 of these were included in this review after assessment against pre-specified inclusion criteria registered on PROSPERO (#CRD42020222579). The most common reasons for exclusion were non-IV administration and large peptide size. Of the 16 studies that were included, a diverse suite of conjugates that increased half-life from 0.1 h to 33.57 h was identified. Amongst these peptides, the largest increase in half-life was seen when conjugated with glycosaminoglycans. A meta-analysis of studies that contained fatty acid conjugates indicated that acylation contributed to a statistically significant extension of half-life. Additionally, another meta-analysis followed by a sensitivity analysis suggested that conjugation with specifically engineered recombinant peptides might contribute to a more efficient extension of peptide half-life as compared to PEGylation. Moreover, we confirmed that while polyethylene glycol is a good synthetic conjugate, its chain length likely has an impact on its effectiveness in extending half-life. Furthermore, we found that most animal studies do not include as much detail when reporting findings as compared to human studies. Inclusion of additional experimental detail on aspects such as independent assessment and randomization may be an easily accomplished strategy to drive more conjugated peptides towards clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashan Wijesinghe
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Sarika Kumari
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Valerie Booth
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
- Department of Physics and Physical Oceanography, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
- * E-mail:
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31
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Jiang M, Zhao J, Mei G, Lin H, Hong H, Li D, Wu Z. Chemoenzymatic synthesis of 6′-sialolactose-modified nanobody. J Carbohydr Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/07328303.2022.2055048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Guodong Mei
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Han Lin
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Haofei Hong
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Dan Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhimeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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Raganato L, Del Giudice A, Ceccucci A, Sciubba F, Casciardi S, Sennato S, Scipioni A, Masci G. Self-assembling nanowires from a linear l,d-peptide conjugated to the dextran end group. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 207:656-665. [PMID: 35292281 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.03.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Preparation and characterization of a block-like l,d-octapeptide-dextran conjugate DEX29-(l-Val-d-Val)4 self-assembling into nanowire structures is reported. The conjugate was prepared by solid phase click-chemistry on an alkyne group N-terminus functionalized peptide with a regularly alternating enantiomeric sequence. Low molecular weight dextran (Xn = 29) with moderately low dispersity (1.30) was prepared by controlled acid hydrolysis and dialysis with selected cut-off and functionalized with an azido group on the reducing end by reductive amination. The strong hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions of the (l-Val-d-Val)4 linear peptide drive the conjugate to self-assemble into long (0.1-1 μm) nanowires. To our knowledge, this is the first example of a peptide-polysaccharide conjugate that can self-assemble into a nanowire architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Raganato
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le A. Moro, 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Del Giudice
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le A. Moro, 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Anita Ceccucci
- Department of Industrial, Electronic and Mechanical Engineering, Roma Tre University, via Vito Volterra 62, Roma, Italy
| | - Fabio Sciubba
- Department of Environmental biology, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; NMR-based Metabolomics Laboratory (NMLab), Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Casciardi
- National Institute for Insurance Against Accidents at Work (INAIL Research), Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Sennato
- Institute for Complex Systems, National Research Council (ISC-CNR), Sede Sapienza and Department of Physics, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le A. Moro, 2, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Anita Scipioni
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le A. Moro, 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Giancarlo Masci
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le A. Moro, 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
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Hori K, Yoshimoto S, Yoshino T, Zako T, Hirao G, Fujita S, Nakamura C, Yamagishi A, Kamiya N. Recent advances in research on biointerfaces: From cell surfaces to artificial interfaces. J Biosci Bioeng 2022; 133:195-207. [PMID: 34998688 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2021.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Biointerfaces are regions where biomolecules, cells, and organic materials are exposed to environmental media or come in contact with other biomaterials, cells, and inorganic/organic materials. In this review article, six research topics on biointerfaces are described to show examples of state-of-art research approaches. First, biointerface design of nanoparticles for molecular detection is described. Functionalized gold nanoparticles can be used for sensitive detection of various target molecules, including chemical compounds and biomolecules, such as DNA, proteins, cells, and viruses. Second, the interaction between bacterial cell surfaces and material surfaces, including the introduction of advances in analytical methods and theoretical calculations, are explained as well as their applications to bioprocesses. Third, bioconjugation technologies for localizing functional proteins at biointerfaces are introduced, in particular, by focusing the potential of enzymes as a catalytic tool for designing different types of bioconjugates that function at biointerfaces. Forth topics is focusing on lipid-protein interaction in cell membranes as natural biointerfaces. Examples of membrane lipid engineering are introduced, and it is mentioned how their compositional profiles affect membrane protein functions. Fifth topic is the physical method for molecular delivery across the biointerface being developed currently, such as highly efficient nanoinjection, electroporation, and nanoneedle devices, in which the key is how to perforate the cell membrane. Final topic is the chemical design of lipid- or polymer-based RNA delivery carriers and their behavior on the cell interface, which are currently attracting attention as RNA vaccine technologies targeting COVID-19. Finally, future directions of biointerface studies are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsutoshi Hori
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan.
| | - Shogo Yoshimoto
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan
| | - Tomoko Yoshino
- Division of Biotechnology and Life Science, Institute of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16, Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Tamotsu Zako
- Faculty of Science, Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
| | - Gen Hirao
- Faculty of Science, Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fujita
- Photo BIO-OIL, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Department of Applied Physics, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Chikashi Nakamura
- DAILAB, Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Central 5 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan; Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Ayana Yamagishi
- DAILAB, Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Central 5 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan; Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Noriho Kamiya
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; Division of Biotechnology, Center for Future Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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Lipidated PrRP31 metabolites are long acting dual GPR10 and NPFF2 receptor agonists with potent body weight lowering effect. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1696. [PMID: 35105898 PMCID: PMC8807614 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05310-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolactin-releasing peptide (PrRP) is an endogenous neuropeptide involved in appetite regulation and energy homeostasis. PrRP binds with high affinity to G-protein coupled receptor 10 (GPR10) and with lesser activity towards the neuropeptide FF receptor type 2 (NPFF2R). The present study aimed to develop long-acting PrRP31 analogues with potent anti-obesity efficacy. A comprehensive series of C18 lipidated PrRP31 analogues was characterized in vitro and analogues with various GPR10 and NPFF2R activity profiles were profiled for bioavailability and metabolic effects following subcutaneous administration in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice. PrRP31 analogues acylated with a C18 lipid chain carrying a terminal acid (C18 diacid) were potent GPR10-selective agonists and weight-neutral in DIO mice. In contrast, acylation with aliphatic C18 lipid chain (C18) resulted in dual GPR10-NPFF2R co-agonists that suppressed food intake and promoted a robust weight loss in DIO mice, which was sustained for at least one week after last dosing. Rapid in vivo degradation of C18 PrRP31 analogues gave rise to circulating lipidated PrRP metabolites maintaining dual GPR10-NPFF2R agonist profile and long-acting anti-obesity efficacy in DIO mice. Combined GPR10 and NPFF2R activation may therefore be a critical mechanism for obtaining robust anti-obesity efficacy of PrRP31 analogues.
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Tuning protein half-life in mouse using sequence-defined biopolymers functionalized with lipids. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:2103099119. [PMID: 35046019 PMCID: PMC8794819 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2103099119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Functionalization of proteins and biopolymers with chemical modifications can be utilized to alter their chemical and biophysical properties. In contrast to traditional chemical functionalization strategies, the use of nonstandard amino acids enables precise positioning of functional groups. Here, we report that multisite conjugation of fatty acids, at precise sites harboring genetically encoded nonstandard amino acids with bioorthogonal chemical handles, can be employed to tune the half-life of proteins in a mouse model. This programmable approach could offer a technical foundation for the modification of protein and peptide therapeutics to improve their efficacy or pharmacokinetic profile (e.g., to prevent rapid clearance and reduce frequency of administration). The use of biologics in the treatment of numerous diseases has increased steadily over the past decade due to their high specificities, low toxicity, and limited side effects. Despite this success, peptide- and protein-based drugs are limited by short half-lives and immunogenicity. To address these challenges, we use a genomically recoded organism to produce genetically encoded elastin-like polypeptide–protein fusions containing multiple instances of para-azidophenylalanine (pAzF). Precise lipidation of these pAzF residues generated a set of sequence-defined synthetic biopolymers with programmable binding affinity to albumin without ablating the activity of model fusion proteins, and with tunable blood serum half-lives spanning 5 to 94% of albumin’s half-life in a mouse model. Our findings present a proof of concept for the use of genetically encoded bioorthogonal conjugation sites for multisite lipidation to tune protein stability in mouse serum. This work establishes a programmable approach to extend and tune the half-life of protein or peptide therapeutics and a technical foundation to produce functionalized biopolymers endowed with programmable chemical and biophysical properties with broad applications in medicine, materials science, and biotechnology.
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Engudar G, Rodríguez-Rodríguez C, Mishra NK, Bergamo M, Amouroux G, Jensen KJ, Saatchi K, Häfeli UO. Metal-ion coordinated self-assembly of human insulin directs kinetics of insulin release as determined by preclinical SPECT/CT imaging. J Control Release 2022; 343:347-360. [PMID: 35085699 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Human insulin (HI) has fascinating metal-facilitated self-assembly properties that are essential for its biological function. HI has a natural Zn2+ binding site and we have previously shown that covalently attached abiotic ligands (e.g., bipyridine, terpyridine) can lead to the formation of nanosized oligomeric structures through the coordination of metal ions. Here we studied the hypothesis that metal ions can be used to directly control the pharmacokinetics of insulin after covalent attachment of an abiotic ligand that binds metal ions. We evaluated the pharmacokinetics (PK) and biodistribution of HI self-assemblies directed by metal ion coordination (i.e., Fe2+/Zn2+, Eu3+/Zn2+, Fe2+/Co3+) using preclinical SPECT/CT imaging and ex vivo gamma counting. HI was site-specifically modified with terpyridine (Tpy) at the PheB1 or LysB29 position to create conjugates that bind either Fe2+ or Eu3+, while its natural binding site (e.g., HisB10) preferentially coordinates with either Zn2+ or Co3+. HI was also functionalized with trans-cyclooctene (TCO) opposite to Tpy at PheB1 or LysB29, respectively, to allow for tetrazine-TCO coupling via a tetrazine-modified DTPA followed by 111In-radiolabeling for SPECT/CT imaging. When the 111In-B29Tpy-HI conjugate was coordinated with Fe2+/Zn2+, its retention at the injection site 6 h after injection was ~8-fold higher than the control without the metal ions, while its kidney accumulation was lower. 111In-B1Tpy-HI showed comparable retention at the injection site 6 h after injection and slightly increased retention at 24 h. However, higher kidney accumulation and residence time of degraded 111In-B1Tpy-HI was observed compared to that of 111In-B29Tpy-HI. Quantitative PK analysis based on SPECT/CT images confirmed slower distribution from the injection site of the HI-metal ion assemblies compared to control HI conjugates. Our results show that the Tpy-binding site (i.e., PheB1 or LysB29) on HI and its coordination with the added metal ions (i.e., Fe2+/Zn2+ or Fe2+/Co3+) directed the distribution half-life of HI significantly. This clearly indicates that the PK of insulin can be controlled by complexation with different metal ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokce Engudar
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Cristina Rodríguez-Rodríguez
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Science, University of British Columbia, 6224 Agricultural Road, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Narendra Kumar Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Marta Bergamo
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Guillaume Amouroux
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Knud J Jensen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
| | - Katayoun Saatchi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada.
| | - Urs O Häfeli
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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37
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Sakamoto K, Furukawa H, Arafiles JVV, Imanishi M, Matsuura K, Futaki S. Artificial Nanocage Formed via Self-Assembly of β-Annulus Peptide for Delivering Biofunctional Proteins into Cell Interiors. Bioconjug Chem 2022; 33:311-320. [PMID: 35049280 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.1c00534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Nanocarriers that deliver functional proteins to cell interiors are an attractive platform for the intracellular delivery of intact proteins without further modification, with in vivo compatibility. Development of efficient methods for cargo protein encapsulation and release in recipient cell cytosol is needed. Herein, we assess the feasibility of the abovementioned requirements using a protein nanocage (artificial nanocage) without compromising the structure and functions of the original protein and allowing for design flexibility of the surfaces and interiors. The protein nanocage formed via the self-assembly of the β-annulus peptide (24-amino acid peptide) in water was used as a model framework. The nitrilotriacetic acid moiety was displayed on the nanocage lumen for effective encapsulation of hexahistidine-tagged proteins in the presence of Ni2+, and the amphiphilic cationic lytic peptide HAad was displayed on a nanocage surface to attain cell permeability. Successful intracellular delivery of cargo proteins and targeting of cytosolic proteins by a nanobody were achieved, indicating the validity of the approach employed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentarou Sakamoto
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Hiroto Furukawa
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
| | | | - Miki Imanishi
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Kazunori Matsuura
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8552, Japan.,Centre for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
| | - Shiroh Futaki
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
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38
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Xu YD, Tian L, Lai RY, Li Z, Procházková E, Ho J, Stenzel MH. Development of an Albumin–Polymer Bioconjugate via Covalent Conjugation and Supramolecular Interactions. Bioconjug Chem 2022; 33:321-332. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.1c00536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- You Dan Xu
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, NSW, Australia
| | - Linqing Tian
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, NSW, Australia
| | - Rebecca Yong Lai
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, NSW, Australia
| | - Zihao Li
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, NSW, Australia
| | - Eliška Procházková
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 166 10, Czech Republic
| | - Junming Ho
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, NSW, Australia
| | - Martina H. Stenzel
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, NSW, Australia
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39
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Jiang H, Chen W, Wang J, Zhang R. Selective N-terminal modification of peptides and proteins: Recent progresses and applications. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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40
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Koide H, Ochiai H, Suzuki H, Hirata S, Watanabe M, Yonezawa S, Dewa T, Oku N, Asai T. Easy preparation of a liposome-mediated protein delivery system by freeze-thawing a liposome–protein complex. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:6768-6776. [DOI: 10.1039/d2tb00271j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Homeostasis can be achieved by adding a protein supplement; however, an appropriate vector is required to deliver the protein into the cell because of the low stability of proteins in...
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41
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Jensen KB, Mikkelsen JH, Jensen SP, Kidal S, Friberg G, Skrydstrup T, Gustafsson MBF. New Phenol Esters for Efficient pH-Controlled Amine Acylation of Peptides, Proteins, and Sepharose Beads in Aqueous Media. Bioconjug Chem 2021; 33:172-179. [PMID: 34962390 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.1c00528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes the discovery, synthesis, and use of novel water-soluble acylation reagents for efficient and selective modification, cross-linking, and labeling of proteins and peptides, as well as for their use in the effective modification of sepharose beads under pH control in aqueous media. The reagents are based on a 2,4-dichloro-6-sulfonic acid phenol ester core combined with a variety of linker structures. The combination of these motifs leads to an ideal balance between hydrolytic stability and reactivity. At high pH, good to excellent conversions (up to 95%) and regioselectivity (up to 99:1 Nε/Nα amine ratio) in the acylation were realized, exemplified by the chemical modification of incretin peptides and insulin. At neutral pH, an unusually high preference toward the N-terminal phenylalanine in an insulin derivative was observed (>99:1 Nα/Nε), which is up until now unprecedented in the literature for more elaborate reagents. In addition, the unusually high hydrolytic stability of these reagents and their ability to efficiently react at low concentrations (28 μM or 0.1 mg/mL) are exemplified with a hydroxy linker-based reagent and are a unique feature of this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim B Jensen
- Global Research Technologies, Novo Nordisk Research Park, Måløv 2760, Denmark
| | - Jesper H Mikkelsen
- Global Research Technologies, Novo Nordisk Research Park, Måløv 2760, Denmark.,Carbon Dioxide Activation Center (CADIAC), Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Aarhus C 8000, Denmark
| | - Simon P Jensen
- CMC API Development, Novo Nordisk A/S, Smørmosevej 17-19, Bagsværd 2880, Denmark
| | - Steffen Kidal
- CMC API Development, Novo Nordisk A/S, Smørmosevej 17-19, Bagsværd 2880, Denmark
| | - Gitte Friberg
- Global Research Technologies, Novo Nordisk Research Park, Måløv 2760, Denmark
| | - Troels Skrydstrup
- Carbon Dioxide Activation Center (CADIAC), Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Aarhus C 8000, Denmark
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42
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Liu F, Ul Amin T, Liang D, Park MS, Alhamadsheh MM. Enhancing the Pharmacokinetic Profile of Interleukin 2 through Site-Specific Conjugation to a Selective Small-Molecule Transthyretin Ligand. J Med Chem 2021; 64:14876-14886. [PMID: 34542267 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Protein drugs hold great promise as therapeutics for a wide range of diseases. Unfortunately, one of the greatest challenges to be addressed during clinical development of protein therapeutics is their short circulation half-life. Several protein conjugation strategies have been developed for half-life extension. However, these strategies have limitations and there remains room for improvement. Here, we report a novel nature-inspired strategy for enhancing the in vivo half-life of proteins. Our strategy involves conjugating proteins to a hydrophilic small molecule that binds reversibly to the plasma protein, transthyretin. We show here that our strategy is effective in enhancing the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of human interleukin 2 in rats, potentially opening the door for more effective and safer cancer immunotherapies. To our knowledge, this is the first example of successful use of a small-molecule that not only extends the half-life but also maintains the smaller size, binding potency, and hydrophilicity of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Medicinal Chemistry, Thomas J. Long School of Pharmacy, University of the Pacific, Stockton, California 95211, United States
| | - Toufiq Ul Amin
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Medicinal Chemistry, Thomas J. Long School of Pharmacy, University of the Pacific, Stockton, California 95211, United States
| | - Dengpan Liang
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Medicinal Chemistry, Thomas J. Long School of Pharmacy, University of the Pacific, Stockton, California 95211, United States
| | - Miki S Park
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Medicinal Chemistry, Thomas J. Long School of Pharmacy, University of the Pacific, Stockton, California 95211, United States
| | - Mamoun M Alhamadsheh
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Medicinal Chemistry, Thomas J. Long School of Pharmacy, University of the Pacific, Stockton, California 95211, United States
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43
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Talkington AM, McSweeney MD, Zhang T, Li Z, Nyborg AC, LaMoreaux B, Livingston EW, Frank JE, Yuan H, Lai SK. High MW polyethylene glycol prolongs circulation of pegloticase in mice with anti-PEG antibodies. J Control Release 2021; 338:804-812. [PMID: 34481925 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.08.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Pegloticase is an enzyme used to reduce serum uric acid levels in patients with chronic, treatment-refractory gout. Clinically, about 40% of patients develop high titers of anti-PEG antibodies (APA) after initial treatment, which in turn quickly eliminate subsequent doses of pegloticase from the systemic circulation and render the treatment ineffective. We previously found that pre-infusion with high MW free PEG (40 kDa) can serve as a decoy to saturate circulating APA, preventing binding to a subsequently administered dose of PEG-liposomes and restoring their prolonged circulation in mice, without any detectible toxicity. Here, we investigated the use of 40 kDa free PEG to restore the circulation of radio-labeled pegloticase in mice using longitudinal Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging over 4 days. Mice injected with pegloticase developed appreciable APA titers by Day 9, which further increased through Day 14. Compared to naïve mice, mice with pegloticase-induced APA rapidly cleared 89Zr-labeled pegloticase, with ~75% lower pegloticase concentrations in the circulation at four hours after treatment. The 96-h AUC in APA+ mice was less than 30% of the AUC in naïve mice. In contrast, pre-infusion of free PEG into PEG-sensitized mice restored the AUC of pegloticase to ~80% of that seen in naïve mice, resulting in a similar biodistribution to pegloticase in naïve mice over time. These results suggest that pre-infusion of free PEG may be a promising strategy to enable the safe and efficacious use of pegloticase and other PEGylated drugs in patients that have previously failed therapy due to induced APA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne M Talkington
- Program in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Morgan D McSweeney
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Zibo Li
- Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Biomedical Research Imaging Center, UNC, Chapel Hill, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Hong Yuan
- Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Biomedical Research Imaging Center, UNC, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Samuel K Lai
- Program in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; UNC/NCSU Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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44
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Hirai Y, Hirose H, Imanishi M, Asai T, Futaki S. Cytosolic protein delivery using pH-responsive, charge-reversible lipid nanoparticles. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19896. [PMID: 34615928 PMCID: PMC8494842 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99180-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Although proteins have attractive features as biopharmaceuticals, the difficulty in delivering them into the cell interior limits their applicability. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are a promising class of delivery vehicles. When designing a protein delivery system based on LNPs, the major challenges include: (i) formulation of LNPs with defined particle sizes and dispersity, (ii) efficient encapsulation of cargo proteins into LNPs, and (iii) effective cellular uptake and endosomal release into the cytosol. Dioleoylglycerophosphate-diethylenediamine (DOP-DEDA) is a pH-responsive, charge-reversible lipid. The aim of this study was to evaluate the applicability of DOP-DEDA-based LNPs for intracellular protein delivery. Considering the importance of electrostatic interactions in protein encapsulation into LNPs, a negatively charged green fluorescent protein (GFP) analog was successfully encapsulated into DOP-DEDA-based LNPs to yield diameters and polydispersity index of < 200 nm and < 0.2, respectively. Moreover, ~ 80% of the cargo proteins was encapsulated into the LNPs. Cytosolic distribution of fluorescent signals of the protein was observed for up to ~ 90% cells treated with the LNPs, indicating the facilitated endocytic uptake and endosomal escape of the cargo attained using the LNP system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Hirai
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Hisaaki Hirose
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Miki Imanishi
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Asai
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan.
| | - Shiroh Futaki
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan.
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45
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Maese L, Rizzari C, Coleman R, Power A, van der Sluis I, Rau RE. Can recombinant technology address asparaginase Erwinia chrysanthemi shortages? Pediatr Blood Cancer 2021; 68:e29169. [PMID: 34105243 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.29169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common childhood cancer. Bacterial L-asparaginase has played an important role in ALL treatment for several decades; however, hypersensitivity reactions to Escherichia coli-derived asparaginases often preclude their use. Inability to receive asparaginase due to hypersensitivities is associated with poor patient outcomes. Erwinia chrysanthemi-derived asparaginase (ERW) is an effective, non-cross-reactive treatment option, but is limited in supply. Consequently, alternative asparaginase preparations are needed to ensure asparaginase availability for patients with hypersensitivities. Recombinant technology can potentially address this unmet need by programming cells to produce recombinant asparaginase. JZP-458, a recombinant Erwinia asparaginase derived from a novel Pseudomonas fluorescens expression platform with no immunologic cross-reactivity to E. coli-derived asparaginases, has the same primary amino acid sequence as ERW, with comparable activity based on in vitro measurements. The efficient manufacturing of JZP-458 would provide an additional asparaginase preparation for patients with hypersensitivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Maese
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Carmelo Rizzari
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, MBBM Foundation, Monza, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Rachel E Rau
- Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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46
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Yin S, Zhang B, Lin J, Liu Y, Su Z, Bi J. Development of purification process for dual-function recombinant human heavy-chain ferritin by the investigation of genetic modification impact on conformation. Eng Life Sci 2021; 21:630-642. [PMID: 34690634 PMCID: PMC8518560 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.202000105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferritin is a promising drug delivery platform and has been functionalized through genetic modifications. This work has designed and expressed a dual-functional engineered human heavy-chain ferritin (HFn) with the inserted functional peptide PAS and RGDK to extend half-life and improve tumor targeted drug delivery. A facile and cost-effective two-step purification pathway for recombinant HFn was developed. The genetic modification was found to affect HFn conformation, and therefore varied the purification performance. Heat-acid precipitation followed by butyl fast flow hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC) has been developed to purify HFn and modified HFns. Nucleic acid removal reached above 99.8% for HFn and modified HFns. However, HFn purity reached above 95% and recovery yield (overall) above 90%, compared with modified HFns purity above 82% and recovery yield (overall) above 58%. It is interesting to find that the inserted functional peptides significantly changed the molecule conformation, where a putative turnover of the E-helix with the inserted functional peptides formed a "flop" conformation, in contrast with the "flip" conformation of HFn. It could be the cause of fragile stability of modified HFns, and therefore less tolerant to heat and acid condition, observed by the lower recovery yield in heat-acid precipitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Yin
- School of Chemical Engineering & Advanced MaterialsFaculty of Engineering, Computer and Mathematical SciencesUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideAustralia
| | - Bingyang Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering & Advanced MaterialsFaculty of Engineering, Computer and Mathematical SciencesUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideAustralia
| | - Jianying Lin
- College of Biomedical EngineeringTaiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuanP. R. China
| | - Yongdong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemistry EngineeringInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
| | - Zhiguo Su
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemistry EngineeringInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
| | - Jingxiu Bi
- School of Chemical Engineering & Advanced MaterialsFaculty of Engineering, Computer and Mathematical SciencesUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideAustralia
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Ruan S, Yang G, Dong Y, Shangguan W, Lu W. Discovery of a Long-Acting Parathyroid Hormone 1-34 Analogue to Treat Hypoparathyroidism. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:3260-3271. [PMID: 34482698 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Hypoparathyroidism (HP) is a rare disease with clinical manifestations of hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia, resulting from deficient or absent parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion. Conventional treatment for patients with HP involves extensive calcium and vitamin D supplementation. In 2015, PTH1-84 was approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration as an adjunct for HP patients who cannot be well-controlled on conventional treatment. However, PTH1-84 therapy requires a daily injection, leading to poor patient compliance. The purpose of this study was to develop a long-acting PTH1-34 analogue by increasing its affinity to albumin. Three PTH1-34 variants were generated by substituting two of the three lysine (Lys) residues with arginine, reserving a single Lys as the modification site in each sequence. A series of side chains, containing fatty acid, deoxycholic acid, or biotin groups, were synthesized to modify these PTH1-34 variants by using a solid-liquid phase synthesis approach. In vitro bioactivity and albumin affinity tests were used to screen these new PTH1-34 analogues. Finally, Lys27-AAPC was selected from 69 synthesized analogues as a candidate therapeutic compound because it retained potency and exhibited a high albumin-binding capacity. In pharmacodynamic experiments, Lys27-AAPC demonstrated enhanced and prolonged efficacy in serum calcium elevating relative to PTH1-84. Moreover, a lyophilized powder for injection containing Lys27-AAPC was developed for further testing and represented a potential long-acting HP treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sida Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of New Drug and Pharmaceutical Process, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Guiying Yang
- Shanghai Duomirui Biotechnology Ltd., Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yuanzhen Dong
- Shanghai Duomirui Biotechnology Ltd., Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wenwen Shangguan
- State Key Laboratory of New Drug and Pharmaceutical Process, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Weigen Lu
- State Key Laboratory of New Drug and Pharmaceutical Process, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 201203, China
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Sánchez-Trasviña C, Flores-Gatica M, Enriquez-Ochoa D, Rito-Palomares M, Mayolo-Deloisa K. Purification of Modified Therapeutic Proteins Available on the Market: An Analysis of Chromatography-Based Strategies. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:717326. [PMID: 34490225 PMCID: PMC8417561 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.717326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteins, which have inherent biorecognition properties, have long been used as therapeutic agents for the treatment of a wide variety of clinical indications. Protein modification through covalent attachment to different moieties improves the therapeutic's pharmacokinetic properties, affinity, stability, confers protection against proteolytic degradation, and increases circulation half-life. Nowadays, several modified therapeutic proteins, including PEGylated, Fc-fused, lipidated, albumin-fused, and glycosylated proteins have obtained regulatory approval for commercialization. During its manufacturing, the purification steps of the therapeutic agent are decisive to ensure the quality, effectiveness, potency, and safety of the final product. Due to the robustness, selectivity, and high resolution of chromatographic methods, these are recognized as the gold standard in the downstream processing of therapeutic proteins. Moreover, depending on the modification strategy, the protein will suffer different physicochemical changes, which must be considered to define a purification approach. This review aims to deeply analyze the purification methods employed for modified therapeutic proteins that are currently available on the market, to understand why the selected strategies were successful. Emphasis is placed on chromatographic methods since they govern the purification processes within the pharmaceutical industry. Furthermore, to discuss how the modification type strongly influences the purification strategy, the purification processes of three different modified versions of coagulation factor IX are contrasted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calef Sánchez-Trasviña
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Miguel Flores-Gatica
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Daniela Enriquez-Ochoa
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Marco Rito-Palomares
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Karla Mayolo-Deloisa
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Monterrey, Mexico
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Cell membrane-derived vesicles for delivery of therapeutic agents. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:2096-2113. [PMID: 34522579 PMCID: PMC8424219 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell membranes have recently emerged as a new source of materials for molecular delivery systems. Cell membranes have been extruded or sonicated to make nanoscale vesicles. Unlike synthetic lipid or polymeric nanoparticles, cell membrane-derived vesicles have a unique multicomponent feature, comprising lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates. Because cell membrane-derived vesicles contain the intrinsic functionalities and signaling networks of their parent cells, they can overcome various obstacles encountered in vivo. Moreover, the different natural combinations of membranes from various cell sources expand the range of cell membrane-derived vesicles, creating an entirely new category of drug-delivery systems. Cell membrane-derived vesicles can carry therapeutic agents within their interior or can coat the surfaces of drug-loaded core nanoparticles. Cell membranes typically come from single cell sources, including red blood cells, platelets, immune cells, stem cells, and cancer cells. However, recent studies have reported hybrid sources from two different types of cells. This review will summarize approaches for manufacturing cell membrane-derived vesicles and treatment applications of various types of cell membrane-derived drug-delivery systems, and discuss challenges and future directions.
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Key Words
- Blood cells
- CAR-T, chimeric antigen receptor-engineered T cell
- CRISPR, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats
- CXCR4, C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4
- Cancer cells
- Cell membrane-derived vesicles
- DC, dendritic cell
- Drug-delivery systems
- Immune cells
- Manufacturing
- Membrane engineering
- NF-κB, nuclear factor kappa B
- NIR, near infrared
- PEG, polyethylene glycol
- PLGA, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)
- RBC, red blood cell
- Stem cells
- TCR, T-cell receptor
- TRAIL, tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand
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50
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Schneider H, Englert S, Macarrón Palacios A, Lerma Romero JA, Ali A, Avrutina O, Kolmar H. Synthetic Integrin-Targeting Dextran-Fc Hybrids Efficiently Inhibit Tumor Proliferation In Vitro. Front Chem 2021; 9:693097. [PMID: 34368077 PMCID: PMC8339797 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.693097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we present the design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel integrin-targeting molecular hybrids combining RGD peptides and a potent cytotoxin presented on dextran polysaccharides. Based on an aglycosylated Fc as a centerpiece, endosomal-cleavable cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) and dextran as multimerization site were covalently connected by two bioorthogonal enzyme-mediated reactions site-specifically. Decoration of dextran with cyclic RGD peptides, introduced by copper “click” reaction, resulted in the final constructs with the potential to kill integrin-overexpressing tumor cells. We found that these modifications had little impact on the stability of the Fc scaffold and the RGD-bearing construct showed good binding properties of αvβ3-expressing U87MG cells. Furthermore, the construct showed a remarkable antiproliferative activity. These results demonstrate the general capability of our design to provoke receptor-mediated endocytosis upon binding to the cellular surface, followed by endosomal cleavage of the linkage between Fc-dextran and MMAE and its subsequent release. Our approach opens new avenues to transcribe small molecule binders into tailor-made multimeric molecular hybrids with antitumor potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Schneider
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technical University Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Simon Englert
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technical University Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Arturo Macarrón Palacios
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technical University Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | - Ataurehman Ali
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technical University Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Olga Avrutina
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technical University Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Harald Kolmar
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technical University Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
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