1
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Shrestha D, Bahasoan Y, Eggeling C. Cellular Output and Physicochemical Properties of the Membrane-Derived Vesicles Depend on Chemical Stimulants. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:48982-48992. [PMID: 39250321 PMCID: PMC11420866 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c07234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
Synthetic liposomes are widely used as drug delivery vehicles in biomedical treatments, such as for mRNA-based antiviral vaccines like those recently developed against SARS-CoV-2. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), which are naturally produced by cells, have emerged as a next-generation delivery system. However, key questions regarding their origin within cells remain unresolved. In this regard, plasma membrane vesicles (PMVs), which are essentially produced from the cellular plasma membrane (PM), present a promising alternative. Unfortunately, their properties relevant to biomedical applications have not be extensively studied. Therefore, we conducted a thorough investigation of the methods used in the production of PMVs. By leveraging advanced fluorescence techniques in microscopy and flow cytometry, we demonstrated a strong dependence of the physicochemical attributes of PMVs on the chemicals used during their production. Following established protocols employing chemicals such as paraformaldehyde (PFA), N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) or dl-dithiothreitol (DTT) and by developing a modified NEM-based method that involved a hypotonic shock step, we generated PMVs from THP-1 CD1d cells. We systematically compared key parameters such as vesicle output, their size distribution, vesicular content analysis, vesicular membrane lipid organization and the mobility of a transmembrane protein. Our results revealed distinct trends: PMVs isolated using NEM-based protocols closely resembled natural vesicles, whereas PFA induced significant molecular cross-linking, leading to notable changes in the biophysical properties of the vesicles. Furthermore, our novel NEM protocol enhanced the efficiency of PMV production. In conclusion, our study highlights the unique characteristics of chemically produced PMVs and offers insights into their potentially diverse yet valuable biological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilip Shrestha
- MRC
Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, U.K.
- Department
of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Yusuf Bahasoan
- MRC
Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, U.K.
| | - Christian Eggeling
- MRC
Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, U.K.
- Department
of Biophysical Imaging, Leibniz Institute
of Photonic Technologies e.V., member of the Leibniz Centre for Photonics
in Infection Research (LPI), Albert- Einstein Strasse 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Institute
of Applied Optics and Biophysics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Max-Wien Platz 1, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena
Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
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2
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Li J, Wang LY, Huang HC, Yang W, Dai GY, Fang ZQ, Zhao JL, Xia KF, Zeng X, He ML, Yao N, Zhang MY. Endoplasmic reticulum stress response modulator OsbZIP39 regulates cadmium accumulation via activating the expression of defensin-like gene OsCAL2 in rice. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 476:135007. [PMID: 38944994 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Accumulation of cadmium (Cd) in rice is not only harmful to the growth of plants but also poses a threat to human health. Exposure to Cd triggers unfolded protein response (UPR) within cells, a process that is still not completely understood. The study demonstrated that the lack of OsbZIP39, an essential endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident regulator of the UPR, resulted in decreased Cd intake and reduced Cd levels in the roots, stems, and grains of rice. Upon exposure to Cd stress, GFP-OsbZIP39 translocated from ER to nucleus, initiating UPR. Further investigation revealed that Cd treatment caused changes in sphingolipid levels in the membrane, influencing the localization and activation of OsbZIP39. Yeast one-hybrid and dual-LUC assays were conducted to validate the interaction between activated OsbZIP39 and the promoter of the defensin-like gene OsCAL2, resulting in an increase in its expression. Different variations were identified in the coding region of OsbZIP39, which may explain the varying levels of Cd accumulation observed in the indica and japonica subspecies. Under Cd treatment, OsbZIP39ind exhibited a more significant enhancement in the transcription of OsCAL2 compared to OsbZIP39jap. Our data suggest that OsbZIP39 positively regulates Cd uptake in rice, offering an encouraging objective for the cultivation of low-Cd rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510650, China; South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Ling-Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Huan-Chao Huang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wu Yang
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding/Guangdong Rice Engineering Laboratory, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Guang-Yi Dai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510650, China; South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Fang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510650, China; South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Jun-Liang Zhao
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding/Guangdong Rice Engineering Laboratory, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Kuai-Fei Xia
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510650, China; South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Xuan Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510650, China; South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Meng-Ling He
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Nan Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Ming-Yong Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510650, China; South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou 510650, China.
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3
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Kokot H, Kokot B, Pišlar A, Esih H, Gabrič A, Urbančič D, El R, Urbančič I, Pajk S. Amphiphilic coumarin-based probes for live-cell STED nanoscopy of plasma membrane. Bioorg Chem 2024; 150:107554. [PMID: 38878753 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Plasma membranes are vital biological structures, serving as protective barriers and participating in various cellular processes. In the field of super-resolution optical microscopy, stimulated emission depletion (STED) nanoscopy has emerged as a powerful method for investigating plasma membrane-related phenomena. However, many applications of STED microscopy are critically restricted by the limited availability of suitable fluorescent probes. This paper reports on the development of two amphiphilic membrane probes, SHE-2H and SHE-2N, specially designed for STED nanoscopy. SHE-2N, in particular, demonstrates quick and stable plasma membrane labelling with negligible intracellular redistribution. Both probes exhibit outstanding photostability and resolution improvement in STED nanoscopy, and are also suited for two-photon excitation microscopy. Furthermore, microscopy experiments and cytotoxicity tests revealed no noticeable cytotoxicity of probe SHE-2N at concentration used for fluorescence imaging. Spectral analysis and fluorescence lifetime measurements conducted on probe SHE-2N using giant unilamellar vesicles, revealed that emission spectra and fluorescence lifetimes exhibited minimal sensitivity to lipid composition variations. These novel probes significantly augment the arsenal of tools available for high-resolution plasma membrane research, enabling a more profound exploration of cellular processes and dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Kokot
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Boštjan Kokot
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Anja Pišlar
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Hana Esih
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Alen Gabrič
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Dunja Urbančič
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Rojbin El
- Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Iztok Urbančič
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Stane Pajk
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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4
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Kostadinova A, Benkova D, Staneva G, Hazarosova R, Vitkova V, Yordanova V, Momchilova A, Angelova MI, ElZorkany HE, El-Sayed K, Elshoky HA. Chitosan hybrid nanomaterials: A study on interaction with biomimetic membranes. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 276:133983. [PMID: 39029850 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
This study examined the influence of nanomaterials (NMs) on the organization of membrane lipids and the resulting morphological changes. The cell plasma membrane is heterogeneous, featuring specialized lipid domains in the liquid-ordered (Lo) phase surrounded by regions in the liquid-disordered (Ld) phase. We utilized model membranes composed of various lipids and lipid mixtures in different phase states to investigate the interactions between the NMs and membrane lipids. Specifically, we explored the interactions of pure chitosan (CS) and CS-modified nanocomposites (NCs) with ZnO, CuO, and SiO2 with four lipid mixtures: egg-phosphatidylcholine (EggPC), egg-sphingomyelin/cholesterol (EggSM/Chol), EggPC/Chol, and EggPC/EggSM/Chol, which represent the coexistence of Ld, Lo, and Ld/Lo, respectively. The data show that CS NMs increase the membrane lipid order at glycerol level probed by Laurdan spectroscopy. Additionally, the interaction of CS-based NMs with membranes leads to an increase in bending elasticity modulus, zeta potential, and vesicle size. The lipid order changes are most significant in the highly fluid Ld phase, followed by the Lo/Ld coexistence phase, and are less pronounced in the tightly packed Lo phase. CS NMs induced egg PC vesicle adhesion, fusion, and shrinking. In heterogeneous Lo/Ld membranes, inward invaginations and vesicle shrinking via the Ld phase were observed. These findings highlight mechanisms involved in CS NM-lipid interactions in membranes that mimic plasma membrane heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneliya Kostadinova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Dayana Benkova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Galya Staneva
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria.
| | - Rusina Hazarosova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Victoria Vitkova
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1784 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Vesela Yordanova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Albena Momchilova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Miglena I Angelova
- Sorbonne University - Campus Pierre et Marie Curie, Faculty of Science and Engineering, UFR 925 Physics, Paris 75005, France; University Paris Cite - Campus Diderot, Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC) UMR 7057 CNRS, Paris 75013, France
| | - Heba ElSayed ElZorkany
- Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Central Lab, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt; Regional Center for Food and Feed, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Kh El-Sayed
- Faculty of Engineering, Galala University, Galala 51745, Egypt.; Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Central Lab, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt; Regional Center for Food and Feed, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Hisham A Elshoky
- Tumor Biology Research Program, Department of Research, Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357, Cairo 11441, Egypt; Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Central Lab, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt; Regional Center for Food and Feed, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt.
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5
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Schaefer KG, Russell CM, Pyron RJ, Conley EA, Barrera FN, King GM. Polymerization mechanism of the Candida albicans virulence factor candidalysin. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107370. [PMID: 38750794 PMCID: PMC11193009 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans is a commensal fungus that can cause epithelial infections and life-threatening invasive candidiasis. The fungus secretes candidalysin (CL), a peptide that causes cell damage and immune activation by permeation of epithelial membranes. The mechanism of CL action involves strong peptide assembly into polymers in solution. The free ends of linear CL polymers can join, forming loops that become pores upon binding to membranes. CL polymers constitute a therapeutic target for candidiasis, but little is known about CL self-assembly in solution. Here, we examine the assembly mechanism of CL in the absence of membranes using complementary biophysical tools, including a new fluorescence polymerization assay, mass photometry, and atomic force microscopy. We observed that CL assembly is slow, as tracked with the fluorescent marker C-laurdan. Single-molecule methods showed that CL polymerization involves a convolution of four processes. Self-assembly begins with the formation of a basic subunit, thought to be a CL octamer that is the polymer seed. Polymerization proceeds via the addition of octamers, and as polymers grow they can curve and form loops. Alternatively, secondary polymerization can occur and cause branching. Interplay between the different rates determines the distribution of CL particle types, indicating a kinetic control mechanism. This work elucidates key physical attributes underlying CL self-assembly which may eventually evoke pharmaceutical development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Charles M Russell
- Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee
| | - Robert J Pyron
- Genome Science and Technology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee
| | - Elizabeth A Conley
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Francisco N Barrera
- Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee.
| | - Gavin M King
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri; Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.
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6
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Krumova E, Benkova D, Stoyancheva G, Dishliyska V, Miteva-Staleva J, Kostadinova A, Ivanov K, El-Sayed K, Staneva G, Elshoky HA. Exploring the mechanism underlying the antifungal activity of chitosan-based ZnO, CuO, and SiO 2 nanocomposites as nanopesticides against Fusarium solani and Alternaria solani. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 268:131702. [PMID: 38643917 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Chitosan-based nanocomposites (CS NCs) are gaining considerable attention as multifaceted antifungal agents. This study investigated the antifungal activity of NCs against two phytopathogenic strains: Fusarium solani (F. solani) and Alternaria solani (A. solani). Moreover, it sheds light on their underlying mechanisms of action. The NCs, CS-ZnO, CS-CuO, and CS-SiO2, were characterized using advanced methods. Dynamic and electrophoretic light scattering techniques revealed their size range (60-170 nm) and cationic nature, as indicated by the positive zeta potential values (from +16 to +22 mV). Transmission electron microscopy revealed the morphology of the NCs as agglomerates formed between the chitosan and oxide components. X-ray diffraction patterns confirmed crystalline structures with specific peaks indicating their constituents. Antifungal assessments using the agar diffusion technique demonstrated significant inhibitory effects of the NCs on both fungal strains (1.5 to 4-fold), surpassing the performance of the positive control, nystatin. Notably, the NCs exhibited superior antifungal potency, with CS-ZnO NCs being the most effective. A. solani was the most sensitive strain to the studied agents. Furthermore, the tested NCs induced oxidative stress in fungal cells, which elevated stress biomarker levels, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and protein carbonyl content (PCC), 2.5 and 6-fold for the most active CS-CuO in F. solani respectively. Additionally, they triggered membrane lipid peroxidation up to 3-fold higher compared to control, a process that potentially compromises membrane integrity. Laurdan fluorescence spectroscopy highlighted alterations in the molecular organization of fungal cell membranes induced by the NCs. CS-CuO NCs induced a membrane rigidifying effect, while CS-SiO2 and CS-ZnO could rigidify membranes in A. solani and fluidize them in F. solani. In summary, this study provides an in-depth understanding of the interactions of CS-based NCs with two fungal strains, showing their antifungal activity and offering insights into their mechanisms of action. These findings emphasize the potential of these NCs as effective and versatile antifungal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Krumova
- Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria.
| | - Dayana Benkova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Galina Stoyancheva
- Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | | | - Jeny Miteva-Staleva
- Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Aneliya Kostadinova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria.
| | - Kamen Ivanov
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria; Institute of Electronics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1784 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Kh El-Sayed
- Faculty of Engineering, Galala University, Attaka 51745, Suez, Egypt; Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Central Lab, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt; Regional Center for Food and Feed, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Galya Staneva
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria.
| | - Hisham A Elshoky
- Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Central Lab, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt; Regional Center for Food and Feed, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt; Tumor Biology Research Program, Department of Research, Children's Cancer Hospital, Cairo 11441, Egypt.
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7
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Henry WS, Müller S, Yang JS, Innes-Gold S, Das S, Reinhardt F, Sigmund K, Phadnis VV, Wan Z, Eaton E, Sampaio JL, Bell GW, Viravalli A, Hammond PT, Kamm RD, Cohen AE, Boehnke N, Hsu VW, Levental KR, Rodriguez R, Weinberg RA. Ether lipids influence cancer cell fate by modulating iron uptake. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.20.585922. [PMID: 38562716 PMCID: PMC10983928 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.20.585922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Cancer cell fate has been widely ascribed to mutational changes within protein-coding genes associated with tumor suppressors and oncogenes. In contrast, the mechanisms through which the biophysical properties of membrane lipids influence cancer cell survival, dedifferentiation and metastasis have received little scrutiny. Here, we report that cancer cells endowed with a high metastatic ability and cancer stem cell-like traits employ ether lipids to maintain low membrane tension and high membrane fluidity. Using genetic approaches and lipid reconstitution assays, we show that these ether lipid-regulated biophysical properties permit non-clathrin-mediated iron endocytosis via CD44, leading directly to significant increases in intracellular redox-active iron and enhanced ferroptosis susceptibility. Using a combination of in vitro three-dimensional microvascular network systems and in vivo animal models, we show that loss of ether lipids also strongly attenuates extravasation, metastatic burden and cancer stemness. These findings illuminate a mechanism whereby ether lipids in carcinoma cells serve as key regulators of malignant progression while conferring a unique vulnerability that can be exploited for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whitney S Henry
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Sebastian Müller
- Institut Curie, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Research University, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris 75005, France
| | - Jia-Shu Yang
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Dept. of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sarah Innes-Gold
- Dept. of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Sunny Das
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Ferenc Reinhardt
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Kim Sigmund
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Vaishnavi V Phadnis
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Dept. of Biology, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Zhengpeng Wan
- Dept. of Biological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Elinor Eaton
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Julio L Sampaio
- Institut Curie, INSERM, Mines ParisTech, Paris 75005, France
| | - George W Bell
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Amartya Viravalli
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Paula T Hammond
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Senior author
| | - Roger D Kamm
- Dept. of Biological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Dept. of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Senior author
| | - Adam E Cohen
- Dept. of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Dept. of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Senior author
| | - Natalie Boehnke
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Senior author
| | - Victor W Hsu
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Dept. of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Senior author
| | - Kandice R Levental
- Dept. of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, Center for Membrane and Cell Physiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
- Senior author
| | - Raphaël Rodriguez
- Institut Curie, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Research University, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris 75005, France
- Senior author
| | - Robert A Weinberg
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Dept. of Biology, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Ludwig Center for Molecular Oncology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Senior author
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8
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Ragaller F, Sjule E, Urem YB, Schlegel J, El R, Urbancic D, Urbancic I, Blom H, Sezgin E. Quantifying Fluorescence Lifetime Responsiveness of Environment-Sensitive Probes for Membrane Fluidity Measurements. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:2154-2167. [PMID: 38415644 PMCID: PMC10926104 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c07006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
The structural diversity of different lipid species within the membrane defines its biophysical properties such as membrane fluidity, phase transition, curvature, charge distribution, and tension. Environment-sensitive probes, which change their spectral properties in response to their surrounding milieu, have greatly contributed to our understanding of such biophysical properties. To realize the full potential of these probes and avoid misinterpretation of their spectral responses, a detailed investigation of their fluorescence characteristics in different environments is necessary. Here, we examined the fluorescence lifetime of two newly developed membrane order probes, NR12S and NR12A, in response to alterations in their environments such as the degree of lipid saturation, cholesterol content, double bond position and configuration, and phospholipid headgroup. As a comparison, we investigated the lifetime sensitivity of the membrane tension probe Flipper in these environments. Applying fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) in both model membranes and biological membranes, all probes distinguished membrane phases by lifetime but exhibited different lifetime sensitivities to varying membrane biophysical properties (e.g., cholesterol). While the lifetime of Flipper is particularly sensitive to the membrane cholesterol content, the NR12S and NR12A lifetimes are moderately sensitive to both the cholesterol content and lipid acyl chains. Moreover, all of the probes exhibit longer lifetimes at longer emission wavelengths in membranes of any complexity. This emission wavelength dependency results in varying lifetime resolutions at different spectral regions, which are highly relevant for FLIM data acquisition. Our data provide valuable insights on how to perform FLIM with these probes and highlight both their potential and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Ragaller
- Department
of Women’s and Children’s Health, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Solna, Sweden
| | - Ellen Sjule
- Department
of Women’s and Children’s Health, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Solna, Sweden
| | - Yagmur Balim Urem
- Department
of Women’s and Children’s Health, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Solna, Sweden
| | - Jan Schlegel
- Department
of Women’s and Children’s Health, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Solna, Sweden
| | - Rojbin El
- Weatherall
Institute of Molecular Medicine, University
of Oxford, OX39DS Oxford, United
Kingdom
| | - Dunja Urbancic
- Weatherall
Institute of Molecular Medicine, University
of Oxford, OX39DS Oxford, United
Kingdom
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, University
of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Iztok Urbancic
- Laboratory
of Biophysics, Condensed Matter Physics Department, Jožef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Hans Blom
- Science
for Life Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, 17165 Solna, Sweden
| | - Erdinc Sezgin
- Department
of Women’s and Children’s Health, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Solna, Sweden
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9
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Mangiarotti A, Dimova R. The spectral phasor approach to resolving membrane order with environmentally sensitive dyes. Methods Enzymol 2024; 700:105-126. [PMID: 38971597 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2024.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Hyperspectral imaging is a technique that captures a three-dimensional array of spectral information at each spatial location within a sample, enabling precise characterization and discrimination of biological structures, materials, and chemicals, based on their unique spectral features. Nowadays most commercially available confocal microscopes allow hyperspectral imaging measurements, providing a valuable source of spatially resolved spectroscopic data. Spectral phasor analysis quantitatively and graphically transforms the fluorescence spectra at each pixel of a hyperspectral image into points in a polar plot, offering a visual representation of the spectral characteristics of fluorophores within the sample. Combining the use of environmentally sensitive dyes with phasor analysis of hyperspectral images provides a powerful tool for measuring small changes in lateral membrane heterogeneity. Here, we focus on applications of spectral phasor analysis for the probe LAURDAN on model membranes to resolve packing and hydration. The method is broadly applicable to other dyes and to complex systems such as cell membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustín Mangiarotti
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Science Park Golm, Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Rumiana Dimova
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Science Park Golm, Potsdam, Germany.
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10
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Paez‐Perez M, Kuimova MK. Molecular Rotors: Fluorescent Sensors for Microviscosity and Conformation of Biomolecules. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202311233. [PMID: 37856157 PMCID: PMC10952837 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202311233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
The viscosity and crowding of biological environment are considered vital for the correct cellular function, and alterations in these parameters are known to underly a number of pathologies including diabetes, malaria, cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, to name a few. Over the last decades, fluorescent molecular probes termed molecular rotors proved extremely useful for exploring viscosity, crowding, and underlying molecular interactions in biologically relevant settings. In this review, we will discuss the basic principles underpinning the functionality of these probes and will review advances in their use as sensors for lipid order, protein crowding and conformation, temperature and non-canonical nucleic acid structures in live cells and other relevant biological settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Paez‐Perez
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, MSRHImperial College LondonWood LaneLondonW12 0BZUK
| | - Marina K. Kuimova
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, MSRHImperial College LondonWood LaneLondonW12 0BZUK
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11
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Petrich A, Chiantia S. Influenza A Virus Infection Alters Lipid Packing and Surface Electrostatic Potential of the Host Plasma Membrane. Viruses 2023; 15:1830. [PMID: 37766238 PMCID: PMC10537794 DOI: 10.3390/v15091830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of influenza A viruses (IAVs) is influenced by several factors, including IAV strain origin and reassortment, tissue tropism and host type. While such factors were mostly investigated in the context of virus entry, fusion and replication, little is known about the viral-induced changes to the host lipid membranes which might be relevant in the context of virion assembly. In this work, we applied several biophysical fluorescence microscope techniques (i.e., Förster energy resonance transfer, generalized polarization imaging and scanning fluorescence correlation spectroscopy) to quantify the effect of infection by two IAV strains of different origin on the plasma membrane (PM) of avian and human cell lines. We found that IAV infection affects the membrane charge of the inner leaflet of the PM. Moreover, we showed that IAV infection impacts lipid-lipid interactions by decreasing membrane fluidity and increasing lipid packing. Because of such alterations, diffusive dynamics of membrane-associated proteins are hindered. Taken together, our results indicate that the infection of avian and human cell lines with IAV strains of different origins had similar effects on the biophysical properties of the PM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Salvatore Chiantia
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24–25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
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12
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Arribas Perez M, Beales PA. Dynamics of asymmetric membranes and interleaflet coupling as intermediates in membrane fusion. Biophys J 2023; 122:1985-1995. [PMID: 36203354 PMCID: PMC10257014 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2022.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane fusion is a tool to increase the complexity of model membrane systems. Here, we use silica nanoparticles to fuse liquid-disordered DOPC giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) and liquid-ordered DPPC:cholesterol (7:3) GUVs. After fusion, GUVs display large membrane domains as confirmed by fluorescence confocal microscopy. Laurdan spectral imaging of the membrane phases in the fused GUVs shows differences compared with the initial vesicles indicating some lipid redistribution between phase domains as dictated by the tie lines of the phase diagram. Remarkably, using real-time confocal microscopy we were able to record the dynamics of formation of asymmetric membrane domains in hemifused GUVs and detected interleaflet coupling phenomena by which the DOPC-rich liquid-disordered domains in outer monolayer modulates the phase state of the DPPC:cholesterol inner membrane leaflet which transitions from liquid-ordered to liquid-disordered phase. We find that internal membrane stresses generated by membrane asymmetry enhance the efficiency of full fusion compared with our previous studies on symmetric vesicle fusion. Furthermore, under these conditions, the liquid-disordered monolayer dictates the bilayer phase state of asymmetric membrane domains in >90% of observed cases. By comparison to the findings of previous literature, we suggest that the monolayer phase that dominates the bilayer properties could be a mechanoresponsive signaling mechanism sensitive to the local membrane environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Arribas Perez
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology and School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Paul A Beales
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology and School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; Bragg Centre for Materials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
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13
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Ventura AE, Pokorna S, Huhn N, Santos TCB, Prieto M, Futerman AH, Silva LC. Cell lipid droplet heterogeneity and altered biophysical properties induced by cell stress and metabolic imbalance. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2023:159347. [PMID: 37271251 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2023.159347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LD) are important regulators of lipid metabolism and are implicated in several diseases. However, the mechanisms underlying the roles of LD in cell pathophysiology remain elusive. Hence, new approaches that enable better characterization of LD are essential. This study establishes that Laurdan, a widely used fluorescent probe, can be used to label, quantify, and characterize changes in cell LD properties. Using lipid mixtures containing artificial LD we show that Laurdan GP depends on LD composition. Accordingly, enrichment in cholesterol esters (CE) shifts Laurdan GP from ~0.60 to ~0.70. Moreover, live-cell confocal microscopy shows that cells present multiple LD populations with distinctive biophysical features. The hydrophobicity and fraction of each LD population are cell type dependent and change differently in response to nutrient imbalance, cell density, and upon inhibition of LD biogenesis. The results show that cellular stress caused by increased cell density and nutrient overload increased the number of LD and their hydrophobicity and contributed to the formation of LD with very high GP values, likely enriched in CE. In contrast, nutrient deprivation was accompanied by decreased LD hydrophobicity and alterations in cell plasma membrane properties. In addition, we show that cancer cells present highly hydrophobic LD, compatible with a CE enrichment of these organelles. The distinct biophysical properties of LD contribute to the diversity of these organelles, suggesting that the specific alterations in their properties might be one of the mechanisms triggering LD pathophysiological actions and/or be related to the different mechanisms underlying LD metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana E Ventura
- iMed.ULisboa - Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Sarka Pokorna
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel; J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Dolejškova 3, 182 23 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Natalie Huhn
- iMed.ULisboa - Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Tânia C B Santos
- iMed.ULisboa - Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Manuel Prieto
- iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Anthony H Futerman
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Liana C Silva
- iMed.ULisboa - Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal.
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14
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Huang A, Adler J, Parmryd I. Optimised generalized polarisation analysis of C-laurdan reveals clear order differences between T cell membrane compartments. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2023; 1865:184094. [PMID: 36379264 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2022.184094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Heterogenous packing of plasma membrane lipids is important for cellular processes like signalling, adhesion and sorting of membrane components. Solvatochromic membrane fluorophores that respond to changes from liquid-ordered (lo) phase to liquid-disordered (ld) by red shifts in their emission spectra are often used to assess lipid packing. Their response can be quantified using generalized polarisation (GP) using fluorescence microscopy images from two emission ranges, preferably from a region of interest (ROI) limited to a specific membrane compartment. However, image quality is limited by Poisson noise and convolution by the point spread function of the imaging system. Examining GP-analysis of C-laurdan labelled T cells using the image restoration procedure deconvolution, we demonstrate that deconvolution substantially improves the image resolution by making the plasma membrane clearly discernible and facilitating plasma membrane ROI selection. We conclude that automatic ROI selection has advantages over manual ROI selection when it comes to reproducibility and speed, but reliable GP-measurements can also be obtained by manually demarcated ROIs. We find that deconvolution enhances the difference in GP-values between the plasma and intracellular membranes and demonstrate that moving an intensity defined plasma membrane ROI outwards from the cell further improves this differentiation. By systematically changing the key deconvolution regularization parameter signal to noise, we establish a protocol for deconvolution optimisation applicable to any solvatochromic dye and imaging system. The image processing and ROI selection protocol presented improves both the resolution and precision of GP-measurement and will enable detection of smaller changes in membrane order than is currently achievable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainsley Huang
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jeremy Adler
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ingela Parmryd
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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15
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Leng H, Zhang H, Li L, Zhang S, Wang Y, Chavda SJ, Galas-Filipowicz D, Lou H, Ersek A, Morris EV, Sezgin E, Lee YH, Li Y, Lechuga-Vieco AV, Tian M, Mi JQ, Yong K, Zhong Q, Edwards CM, Simon AK, Horwood NJ. Modulating glycosphingolipid metabolism and autophagy improves outcomes in pre-clinical models of myeloma bone disease. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7868. [PMID: 36550101 PMCID: PMC9780346 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35358-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with multiple myeloma, an incurable malignancy of plasma cells, frequently develop osteolytic bone lesions that severely impact quality of life and clinical outcomes. Eliglustat, a U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved glucosylceramide synthase inhibitor, reduced osteoclast-driven bone loss in preclinical in vivo models of myeloma. In combination with zoledronic acid, a bisphosphonate that treats myeloma bone disease, eliglustat provided further protection from bone loss. Autophagic degradation of TRAF3, a key step for osteoclast differentiation, was inhibited by eliglustat as evidenced by TRAF3 lysosomal and cytoplasmic accumulation. Eliglustat blocked autophagy by altering glycosphingolipid composition whilst restoration of missing glycosphingolipids rescued autophagy markers and TRAF3 degradation thus restoring osteoclastogenesis in bone marrow cells from myeloma patients. This work delineates both the mechanism by which glucosylceramide synthase inhibition prevents autophagic degradation of TRAF3 to reduce osteoclastogenesis as well as highlighting the clinical translational potential of eliglustat for the treatment of myeloma bone disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houfu Leng
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7FY, UK
| | - Hanlin Zhang
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7FY, UK
| | - Linsen Li
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Shuhao Zhang
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7FY, UK
- Computational Biology Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15217, USA
| | - Yanping Wang
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China
| | - Selina J Chavda
- Department of Hematology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Hantao Lou
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Adel Ersek
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, James Watson Road, Norwich, NR4 7UQ, UK
| | - Emma V Morris
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, Old Road, Oxford, OX3 7LD, UK
| | - Erdinc Sezgin
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, MRC Human Immunology Unit, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Yi-Hsuan Lee
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7FY, UK
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, James Watson Road, Norwich, NR4 7UQ, UK
| | - Yunsen Li
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China
| | | | - Mei Tian
- Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, 825 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Qing Mi
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, RuiJin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Kwee Yong
- Department of Hematology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Qing Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Claire M Edwards
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, Old Road, Oxford, OX3 7LD, UK
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, Old Road, Oxford, OX3 7LD, UK
| | - Anna Katharina Simon
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7FY, UK.
| | - Nicole J Horwood
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7FY, UK.
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, James Watson Road, Norwich, NR4 7UQ, UK.
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16
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Kovacs T, Nagy P, Panyi G, Szente L, Varga Z, Zakany F. Cyclodextrins: Only Pharmaceutical Excipients or Full-Fledged Drug Candidates? Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14122559. [PMID: 36559052 PMCID: PMC9788615 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclodextrins, representing a versatile family of cyclic oligosaccharides, have extensive pharmaceutical applications due to their unique truncated cone-shaped structure with a hydrophilic outer surface and a hydrophobic cavity, which enables them to form non-covalent host-guest inclusion complexes in pharmaceutical formulations to enhance the solubility, stability and bioavailability of numerous drug molecules. As a result, cyclodextrins are mostly considered as inert carriers during their medical application, while their ability to interact not only with small molecules but also with lipids and proteins is largely neglected. By forming inclusion complexes with cholesterol, cyclodextrins deplete cholesterol from cellular membranes and thereby influence protein function indirectly through alterations in biophysical properties and lateral heterogeneity of bilayers. In this review, we summarize the general chemical principles of direct cyclodextrin-protein interactions and highlight, through relevant examples, how these interactions can modify protein functions in vivo, which, despite their huge potential, have been completely unexploited in therapy so far. Finally, we give a brief overview of disorders such as Niemann-Pick type C disease, atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, in which cyclodextrins already have or could have the potential to be active therapeutic agents due to their cholesterol-complexing or direct protein-targeting properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamas Kovacs
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Peter Nagy
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gyorgy Panyi
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Lajos Szente
- CycloLab Cyclodextrin R & D Laboratory Ltd., H-1097 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltan Varga
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Florina Zakany
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Correspondence:
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17
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Horváth Á, Erostyák J, Szőke É. Effect of Lipid Raft Disruptors on Cell Membrane Fluidity Studied by Fluorescence Spectroscopy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213729. [PMID: 36430205 PMCID: PMC9697551 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid rafts are specialized microdomains in cell membranes, rich in cholesterol and sphingolipids, and play an integrative role in several physiological and pathophysiological processes. The integrity of rafts can be disrupted via their cholesterol content-with methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MCD) or with our own carboxamido-steroid compound (C1)-or via their sphingolipid content-with sphingomyelinase (SMase) or with myriocin (Myr). We previously proved by the fluorescent spectroscopy method with LAURDAN that treatment with lipid raft disruptors led to a change in cell membrane polarity. In this study, we focused on the alteration of parameters describing membrane fluidity, such as generalized polarization (GP), characteristic time of the GP values change-Center of Gravity (τCoG)-and rotational mobility (τrot) of LAURDAN molecules. Myr caused a blue shift of the LAURDAN spectrum (higher GP value), while other agents lowered GP values (red shift). MCD decreased the CoG values, while other compounds increased it, so MCD lowered membrane stiffness. In the case of τrot, only Myr lowered the rotation of LAURDAN, while the other compounds increased the speed of τrot, which indicated a more disordered membrane structure. Overall, MCD appeared to increase the fluidity of the membranes, while treatment with the other compounds resulted in decreased fluidity and increased stiffness of the membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ádám Horváth
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti Str. 12, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
- National Laboratory for Drug Research and Development, Magyar Tudósok Krt. 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Rókus Str. 2, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
- Correspondence:
| | - János Erostyák
- János Szentágothai Research Centre and Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Ifjúság Str. 20, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
- Department of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Ifjúság Str. 6, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Éva Szőke
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti Str. 12, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
- National Laboratory for Drug Research and Development, Magyar Tudósok Krt. 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
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18
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Ragaller F, Andronico L, Sykora J, Kulig W, Rog T, Urem YB, Abhinav, Danylchuk DI, Hof M, Klymchenko A, Amaro M, Vattulainen I, Sezgin E. Dissecting the mechanisms of environment sensitivity of smart probes for quantitative assessment of membrane properties. Open Biol 2022; 12:220175. [PMID: 36099931 PMCID: PMC9470265 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.220175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The plasma membrane, as a highly complex cell organelle, serves as a crucial platform for a multitude of cellular processes. Its collective biophysical properties are largely determined by the structural diversity of the different lipid species it accommodates. Therefore, a detailed investigation of biophysical properties of the plasma membrane is of utmost importance for a comprehensive understanding of biological processes occurring therein. During the past two decades, several environment-sensitive probes have been developed and become popular tools to investigate membrane properties. Although these probes are assumed to report on membrane order in similar ways, their individual mechanisms remain to be elucidated. In this study, using model membrane systems, we characterized the probes Pro12A, NR12S and NR12A in depth and examined their sensitivity to parameters with potential biological implications, such as the degree of lipid saturation, double bond position and configuration (cis versus trans), phospholipid headgroup and cholesterol content. Applying spectral imaging together with atomistic molecular dynamics simulations and time-dependent fluorescent shift analyses, we unravelled individual sensitivities of these probes to different biophysical properties, their distinct localizations and specific relaxation processes in membranes. Overall, Pro12A, NR12S and NR12A serve together as a toolbox with a wide range of applications allowing to select the most appropriate probe for each specific research question.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Ragaller
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Solna, Sweden
| | - Luca Andronico
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Solna, Sweden
| | - Jan Sykora
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Dolejškova 3, 18223 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Waldemar Kulig
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tomasz Rog
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Yagmur Balim Urem
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Solna, Sweden
| | - Abhinav
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Dolejškova 3, 18223 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Dmytro I Danylchuk
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 74 Route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch, France
| | - Martin Hof
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Dolejškova 3, 18223 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Andrey Klymchenko
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 74 Route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch, France
| | - Mariana Amaro
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Dolejškova 3, 18223 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Ilpo Vattulainen
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Erdinc Sezgin
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Solna, Sweden
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19
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Arribas Perez M, Beales PA. Protein corona alters the mechanisms of interaction between silica nanoparticles and lipid vesicles. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:5021-5026. [PMID: 35730742 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm00739h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The use of nanoparticles (NPs) for biomedical applications implies their delivery into the organism where they encounter biological fluids. In such biological fluids, proteins and other biomolecules adhere to the surface of the NPs forming a biomolecular corona that can alter significantly the behaviour of the nanomaterials. Here, we investigate the impact of a bovine serum albumin corona on interactions between silica nanoparticles (SNPs) of two different sizes and giant lipid vesicles. The formation of the protein corona leads to a significant increase of the hydrodynamic size of the SNPs. Confocal microscopy imaging shows that the protein corona alters the morphological response of vesicles to SNPs. In addition, Laurdan spectral imaging show that the protein corona weakens the effect of SNPs on the lipid packing in the GUV membrane. Our results demonstrate that a protein corona can change the interaction mechanism between nanoparticles and lipid membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Arribas Perez
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology and School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - Paul A Beales
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology and School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
- Bragg Centre for Materials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
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20
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Pokorna S, Ventura AE, Santos TCB, Hof M, Prieto M, Futerman AH, Silva LC. Laurdan in live cell imaging: Effect of acquisition settings, cell culture conditions and data analysis on generalized polarization measurements. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2022; 228:112404. [PMID: 35196617 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2022.112404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cell function is highly dependent on membrane structure, organization, and fluidity. Therefore, methods to probe the biophysical properties of biological membranes are required. Determination of generalized polarization (GP) values using Laurdan in fluorescence microscopy studies is one of the most widely-used methods to investigate changes in membrane fluidity in vitro and in vivo. In the last couple of decades, there has been a major increase in the number of studies using Laurdan GP, where several different methodological approaches are used. Such differences interfere with data interpretation inasmuch as it is difficult to validate if Laurdan GP variations actually reflect changes in membrane organization or arise from biased experimental approaches. To address this, we evaluated the influence of different methodological details of experimental data acquisition and analysis on Laurdan GP. Our results showed that absolute GP values are highly dependent on several of the parameters analyzed, showing that incorrect data can result from technical and methodological inconsistencies. Considering these differences, we further analyzed the impact of cell variability on GP determination, focusing on basic cell culture conditions, such as cell confluency, number of passages and media composition. Our results show that GP values can report alterations in the biophysical properties of cell membranes caused by cellular adaptation to the culture conditions. In summary, this study provides thorough analysis of the factors that can lead to Laurdan GP variability and suggests approaches to improve data quality, which would generate more precise interpretation and comparison within individual studies and among the literature on Laurdan GP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarka Pokorna
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel; J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Dolejškova 3, 182 23 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Ana E Ventura
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel; iMed.ULisboa - Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Tânia C B Santos
- iMed.ULisboa - Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Martin Hof
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Dolejškova 3, 182 23 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Manuel Prieto
- iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, Lisboa, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Anthony H Futerman
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Liana C Silva
- iMed.ULisboa - Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal.
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21
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Seneviratne R, Catania R, Rappolt M, Jeuken LJC, Beales PA. Membrane mixing and dynamics in hybrid POPC/poly(1,2-butadiene- block-ethylene oxide) (PBd- b-PEO) lipid/block co-polymer giant vesicles. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:1294-1301. [PMID: 35048939 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm01591e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Lipids and block copolymers can individually self-assemble into vesicles, each with their own particular benefits and limitations. Combining polymers with lipids allows for further optimisation of the vesicle membranes for bionanotechnology applications. Here, POPC lipid is mixed with poly(1,2-butadiene-block-ethylene oxide) of two different molecular weights (PBd22-PEO14, Mr = 1800 g mol-1 and PBd12-PEO11, Mr = 1150 g mol-1) in order to investigate how increasing the polymer fraction affects membrane mixing, hydration and fluidity. Intensity contributions of fluorescently labelled lipid and polymer within mixed GUV membranes confirm membrane homogeneity within the hybrids. General polarisation measurements of Laurdan in GUVs showed little change in membrane hydration as polymer fraction is increased, which suggests good structural compatibility between lipids and polymers that gives rise to well-mixed vesicles. Membrane fluidity in hybrid GUVs was found to decrease non-linearly with increasing polymer fraction. However, the diffusion coefficients for the fluorescent polymer in hybrid membranes did not change significantly with increasing polymer content. While increasing the polymer fraction does reduce the movement of lipids through a polymer-rich matrix, insignificant difference in diffusion coefficients of the polymer suggests that its diffusion is minimally affected by increasing lipid composition in the range studied. These results lay further foundations for the wider development of hybrid vesicles with controlled properties for advanced biotechnologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Seneviratne
- School of Chemistry and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - Rosa Catania
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Michael Rappolt
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Lars J C Jeuken
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Paul A Beales
- School of Chemistry and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
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22
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Carravilla P, Dasgupta A, Zhurgenbayeva G, Danylchuk DI, Klymchenko AS, Sezgin E, Eggeling C. Long-term STED imaging of membrane packing and dynamics by exchangeable polarity-sensitive dyes. BIOPHYSICAL REPORTS 2021; 1:None. [PMID: 34939048 PMCID: PMC8651516 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpr.2021.100023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the plasma membrane nanoscale organization and dynamics in living cells requires microscopy techniques with high spatial and temporal resolution that permit for long acquisition times and allow for the quantification of membrane biophysical properties, such as lipid ordering. Among the most popular super-resolution techniques, stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy offers one of the highest temporal resolutions, ultimately defined by the scanning speed. However, monitoring live processes using STED microscopy is significantly limited by photobleaching, which recently has been circumvented by exchangeable membrane dyes that only temporarily reside in the membrane. Here, we show that NR4A, a polarity-sensitive exchangeable plasma membrane probe based on Nile red, permits the super-resolved quantification of membrane biophysical parameters in real time with high temporal and spatial resolution as well as long acquisition times. The potential of this polarity-sensitive exchangeable dye is showcased by live-cell real-time three-dimensional STED recordings of bleb formation and lipid exchange during membrane fusion as well as by STED-fluorescence correlation spectroscopy experiments for the simultaneous quantification of membrane dynamics and lipid packing that correlate in model and live-cell membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Carravilla
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology e.V., Jena, Germany
- Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Institute of Applied Optics and Biophysics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Anindita Dasgupta
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology e.V., Jena, Germany
- Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Institute of Applied Optics and Biophysics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Gaukhar Zhurgenbayeva
- Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Institute of Applied Optics and Biophysics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
- Jena School for Microbial Communication, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Dmytro I. Danylchuk
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Andrey S. Klymchenko
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Erdinc Sezgin
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christian Eggeling
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology e.V., Jena, Germany
- Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Institute of Applied Optics and Biophysics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
- Jena School for Microbial Communication, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
- Medical Research Council Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Jena Center for Soft Matter, Jena, Germany
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23
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Arribas Perez M, Beales PA. Biomimetic Curvature and Tension-Driven Membrane Fusion Induced by Silica Nanoparticles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:13917-13931. [PMID: 34788054 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c02492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Fusion events in living cells are intricate phenomena that require the coordinate action of multicomponent protein complexes. However, simpler synthetic tools to control membrane fusion in artificial cells are highly desirable. Native membrane fusion machinery mediates fusion, driving a delicate balance of membrane curvature and tension between two closely apposed membranes. Here, we show that silica nanoparticles (SiO2 NPs) at a size close to the cross-over between tension-driven and curvature-driven interaction regimes initiate efficient fusion of biomimetic model membranes. Fusion efficiency and mechanisms are studied by Förster resonance energy transfer and confocal fluorescence microscopy. SiO2 NPs induce a slight increase in lipid packing likely to increase the lateral tension of the membrane. We observe a connection between membrane tension and fusion efficiency. Finally, real-time confocal fluorescence microscopy reveals three distinct mechanistic pathways for membrane fusion. SiO2 NPs show significant potential for inclusion in the synthetic biology toolkit for membrane remodeling and fusion in artificial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Arribas Perez
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology and School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - Paul A Beales
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology and School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
- Bragg Centre for Materials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
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24
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Matias MI, Yong CS, Foroushani A, Goldsmith C, Mongellaz C, Sezgin E, Levental KR, Talebi A, Perrault J, Rivière A, Dehairs J, Delos O, Bertand-Michel J, Portais JC, Wong M, Marie JC, Kelekar A, Kinet S, Zimmermann VS, Levental I, Yvan-Charvet L, Swinnen JV, Muljo SA, Hernandez-Vargas H, Tardito S, Taylor N, Dardalhon V. Regulatory T cell differentiation is controlled by αKG-induced alterations in mitochondrial metabolism and lipid homeostasis. Cell Rep 2021; 37:109911. [PMID: 34731632 PMCID: PMC10167917 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Suppressive regulatory T cell (Treg) differentiation is controlled by diverse immunometabolic signaling pathways and intracellular metabolites. Here we show that cell-permeable α-ketoglutarate (αKG) alters the DNA methylation profile of naive CD4 T cells activated under Treg polarizing conditions, markedly attenuating FoxP3+ Treg differentiation and increasing inflammatory cytokines. Adoptive transfer of these T cells into tumor-bearing mice results in enhanced tumor infiltration, decreased FoxP3 expression, and delayed tumor growth. Mechanistically, αKG leads to an energetic state that is reprogrammed toward a mitochondrial metabolism, with increased oxidative phosphorylation and expression of mitochondrial complex enzymes. Furthermore, carbons from ectopic αKG are directly utilized in the generation of fatty acids, associated with lipidome remodeling and increased triacylglyceride stores. Notably, inhibition of either mitochondrial complex II or DGAT2-mediated triacylglyceride synthesis restores Treg differentiation and decreases the αKG-induced inflammatory phenotype. Thus, we identify a crosstalk between αKG, mitochondrial metabolism and triacylglyceride synthesis that controls Treg fate.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cell Differentiation/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Cytokines/genetics
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Diacylglycerol O-Acyltransferase/metabolism
- Energy Metabolism/drug effects
- Fibrosarcoma/genetics
- Fibrosarcoma/immunology
- Fibrosarcoma/metabolism
- Fibrosarcoma/therapy
- Forkhead Transcription Factors/genetics
- Forkhead Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Homeostasis
- Humans
- Immunotherapy, Adoptive
- Ketoglutaric Acids/pharmacology
- Lipid Metabolism/drug effects
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Mitochondria/drug effects
- Mitochondria/genetics
- Mitochondria/metabolism
- Phenotype
- Receptors, Chimeric Antigen/genetics
- Receptors, Chimeric Antigen/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/drug effects
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/transplantation
- Th1 Cells/drug effects
- Th1 Cells/immunology
- Th1 Cells/metabolism
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria I Matias
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Carmen S Yong
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France; Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Amir Foroushani
- Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Chloe Goldsmith
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, University Lyon 1, Inserm/ CNRS, Labex DEVweCAN, Lyon France
| | - Cédric Mongellaz
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Erdinc Sezgin
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden
| | - Kandice R Levental
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Ali Talebi
- Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism and Cancer, Leuven Cancer Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Julie Perrault
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Anais Rivière
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Jonas Dehairs
- Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism and Cancer, Leuven Cancer Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Océane Delos
- MetaboHUB-MetaToul, National Infrastructure of Metabolomics and Fluxomics, Toulouse, France; I2MC, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, Toulouse, France
| | - Justine Bertand-Michel
- MetaboHUB-MetaToul, National Infrastructure of Metabolomics and Fluxomics, Toulouse, France; I2MC, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Charles Portais
- MetaboHUB-MetaToul, National Infrastructure of Metabolomics and Fluxomics, Toulouse, France
| | - Madeline Wong
- Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Julien C Marie
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, University Lyon 1, Inserm/ CNRS, Labex DEVweCAN, Lyon France
| | - Ameeta Kelekar
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Sandrina Kinet
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Valérie S Zimmermann
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Ilya Levental
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | | | - Johannes V Swinnen
- Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism and Cancer, Leuven Cancer Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stefan A Muljo
- Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hector Hernandez-Vargas
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, University Lyon 1, Inserm/ CNRS, Labex DEVweCAN, Lyon France
| | - Saverio Tardito
- Cancer Research UK, Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK; Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Naomi Taylor
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France; Pediatric Oncology Branch, NCI, CCR, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Valérie Dardalhon
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France.
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25
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Bernabé-Rubio M, Bosch-Fortea M, Alonso MA, Bernardino de la Serna J. Multi-dimensional and spatiotemporal correlative imaging at the plasma membrane of live cells to determine the continuum nano-to-micro scale lipid adaptation and collective motion. Methods 2021; 193:136-147. [PMID: 34126167 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2021.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary cilium is a specialized plasma membrane protrusion with important receptors for signalling pathways. In polarized epithelial cells, the primary cilium assembles after the midbody remnant (MBR) encounters the centrosome at the apical surface. The membrane surrounding the MBR, namely remnant-associated membrane patch (RAMP), once situated next to the centrosome, releases some of its lipid components to form a centrosome-associated membrane patch (CAMP) from which the ciliary membrane stems. The RAMP undergoes a spatiotemporal membrane refinement during the formation of the CAMP, which becomes highly enriched in condensed membranes with low lateral mobility. To better understand this process, we have developed a correlative imaging approach that yields quantitative information about the lipid lateral packing, its mobility and collective assembly at the plasma membrane at different spatial scales over time. Our work paves the way towards a quantitative understanding of the spatiotemporal lipid collective assembly at the plasma membrane as a functional determinant in cell biology and its direct correlation with the membrane physicochemical state. These findings allowed us to gain a deeper insight into the mechanisms behind the biogenesis of the ciliary membrane of polarized epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Bernabé-Rubio
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain; King's College London Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, 28th Floor, Tower Wing, Guy's Campus, Great Maze Pond, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Minerva Bosch-Fortea
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain; Institute of Bioengineering and School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Miguel A Alonso
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Jorge Bernardino de la Serna
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, MRC-Research Complex at Harwell, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Harwell OX11 0QX, UK; National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, London SW7 2AZ, UK; NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
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26
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Sych T, Gurdap CO, Wedemann L, Sezgin E. How Does Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation in Model Membranes Reflect Cell Membrane Heterogeneity? MEMBRANES 2021; 11:323. [PMID: 33925240 PMCID: PMC8146956 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11050323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Although liquid-liquid phase separation of cytoplasmic or nuclear components in cells has been a major focus in cell biology, it is only recently that the principle of phase separation has been a long-standing concept and extensively studied in biomembranes. Membrane phase separation has been reconstituted in simplified model systems, and its detailed physicochemical principles, including essential phase diagrams, have been extensively explored. These model membrane systems have proven very useful to study the heterogeneity in cellular membranes, however, concerns have been raised about how reliably they can represent native membranes. In this review, we will discuss how phase-separated membrane systems can mimic cellular membranes and where they fail to reflect the native cell membrane heterogeneity. We also include a few humble suggestions on which phase-separated systems should be used for certain applications, and which interpretations should be avoided to prevent unreliable conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Erdinc Sezgin
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Solna, Sweden; (T.S.); (C.O.G.); (L.W.)
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27
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Srivatsav AT, Kapoor S. The Emerging World of Membrane Vesicles: Functional Relevance, Theranostic Avenues and Tools for Investigating Membrane Function. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:640355. [PMID: 33968983 PMCID: PMC8101706 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.640355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipids are essential components of cell membranes and govern various membrane functions. Lipid organization within membrane plane dictates recruitment of specific proteins and lipids into distinct nanoclusters that initiate cellular signaling while modulating protein and lipid functions. In addition, one of the most versatile function of lipids is the formation of diverse lipid membrane vesicles for regulating various cellular processes including intracellular trafficking of molecular cargo. In this review, we focus on the various kinds of membrane vesicles in eukaryotes and bacteria, their biogenesis, and their multifaceted functional roles in cellular communication, host-pathogen interactions and biotechnological applications. We elaborate on how their distinct lipid composition of membrane vesicles compared to parent cells enables early and non-invasive diagnosis of cancer and tuberculosis, while inspiring vaccine development and drug delivery platforms. Finally, we discuss the use of membrane vesicles as excellent tools for investigating membrane lateral organization and protein sorting, which is otherwise challenging but extremely crucial for normal cellular functioning. We present current limitations in this field and how the same could be addressed to propel a fundamental and technology-oriented future for extracellular membrane vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aswin T. Srivatsav
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Shobhna Kapoor
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
- Wadhwani Research Center of Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
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28
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Bernabé-Rubio M, Bosch-Fortea M, García E, Bernardino de la Serna J, Alonso MA. Adaptive Lipid Immiscibility and Membrane Remodeling Are Active Functional Determinants of Primary Ciliogenesis. SMALL METHODS 2021; 5:e2000711. [PMID: 34927881 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202000711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Lipid liquid-liquid immiscibility and its consequent lateral heterogeneity have been observed under thermodynamic equilibrium in model and native membranes. However, cholesterol-rich membrane domains, sometimes referred to as lipid rafts, are difficult to observe spatiotemporally in live cells. Despite their importance in many biological processes, robust evidence for their existence remains elusive. This is mainly due to the difficulty in simultaneously determining their chemical composition and physicochemical nature, whilst spatiotemporally resolving their nanodomain lifetime and molecular dynamics. In this study, a bespoke method based on super-resolution stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy and raster imaging correlation spectroscopy (RICS) is used to overcome this issue. This methodology, laser interleaved confocal RICS and STED-RICS (LICSR), enables simultaneous tracking of lipid lateral packing and dynamics at the nanoscale. Previous work indicated that, in polarized epithelial cells, the midbody remnant licenses primary cilium formation through an unidentified mechanism. LICSR shows that lipid immiscibility and its adaptive collective nanoscale self-assembly are crucial for the midbody remnant to supply condensed membranes to the centrosome for the biogenesis of the ciliary membrane. Hence, this work poses a breakthrough in the field of lipid biology by providing compelling evidence of a functional role for liquid ordered-like membranes in primary ciliogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Bernabé-Rubio
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- King's College London Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, 28th Floor, Tower Wing, Guy's Campus, Great Maze Pond, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Minerva Bosch-Fortea
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Institute of Bioengineering and School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Esther García
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, MRC-Research Complex at Harwell, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Harwell, OX11 0QX, UK
- CR-UK Beatson Institute, Switchback Road, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | - Jorge Bernardino de la Serna
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, MRC-Research Complex at Harwell, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Harwell, OX11 0QX, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Miguel A Alonso
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
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29
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Schneider F, Colin-York H, Fritzsche M. Quantitative Bio-Imaging Tools to Dissect the Interplay of Membrane and Cytoskeletal Actin Dynamics in Immune Cells. Front Immunol 2021; 11:612542. [PMID: 33505401 PMCID: PMC7829180 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.612542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular function is reliant on the dynamic interplay between the plasma membrane and the actin cytoskeleton. This critical relationship is of particular importance in immune cells, where both the cytoskeleton and the plasma membrane work in concert to organize and potentiate immune signaling events. Despite their importance, there remains a critical gap in understanding how these respective dynamics are coupled, and how this coupling in turn may influence immune cell function from the bottom up. In this review, we highlight recent optical technologies that could provide strategies to investigate the simultaneous dynamics of both the cytoskeleton and membrane as well as their interplay, focusing on current and future applications in immune cells. We provide a guide of the spatio-temporal scale of each technique as well as highlighting novel probes and labels that have the potential to provide insights into membrane and cytoskeletal dynamics. The quantitative biophysical tools presented here provide a new and exciting route to uncover the relationship between plasma membrane and cytoskeletal dynamics that underlies immune cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Falk Schneider
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Huw Colin-York
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Kennedy Institute for Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Marco Fritzsche
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Kennedy Institute for Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Rosalind Franklin Institute, Harwell Campus, Didcot, United Kingdom
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30
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Lühr JJ, Alex N, Amon L, Kräter M, Kubánková M, Sezgin E, Lehmann CHK, Heger L, Heidkamp GF, Smith AS, Zaburdaev V, Böckmann RA, Levental I, Dustin ML, Eggeling C, Guck J, Dudziak D. Maturation of Monocyte-Derived DCs Leads to Increased Cellular Stiffness, Higher Membrane Fluidity, and Changed Lipid Composition. Front Immunol 2020; 11:590121. [PMID: 33329576 PMCID: PMC7728921 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.590121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells of the immune system. Upon sensing pathogenic material in their environment, DCs start to mature, which includes cellular processes, such as antigen uptake, processing and presentation, as well as upregulation of costimulatory molecules and cytokine secretion. During maturation, DCs detach from peripheral tissues, migrate to the nearest lymph node, and find their way into the correct position in the net of the lymph node microenvironment to meet and interact with the respective T cells. We hypothesize that the maturation of DCs is well prepared and optimized leading to processes that alter various cellular characteristics from mechanics and metabolism to membrane properties. Here, we investigated the mechanical properties of monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs) using real-time deformability cytometry to measure cytoskeletal changes and found that mature moDCs were stiffer compared to immature moDCs. These cellular changes likely play an important role in the processes of cell migration and T cell activation. As lipids constitute the building blocks of the plasma membrane, which, during maturation, need to adapt to the environment for migration and DC-T cell interaction, we performed an unbiased high-throughput lipidomics screening to identify the lipidome of moDCs. These analyses revealed that the overall lipid composition was significantly changed during moDC maturation, even implying an increase of storage lipids and differences of the relative abundance of membrane lipids upon maturation. Further, metadata analyses demonstrated that lipid changes were associated with the serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and cholesterol levels in the blood of the donors. Finally, using lipid packing imaging we found that the membrane of mature moDCs revealed a higher fluidity compared to immature moDCs. This comprehensive and quantitative characterization of maturation associated changes in moDCs sets the stage for improving their use in clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer J. Lühr
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Nano-Optics, Max-Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Erlangen, Germany
- Max-Planck-Zentrum für Physik und Medizin, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nils Alex
- Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lukas Amon
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Martin Kräter
- Max-Planck-Zentrum für Physik und Medizin, Erlangen, Germany
- Biological Optomechanics, Max-Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markéta Kubánková
- Max-Planck-Zentrum für Physik und Medizin, Erlangen, Germany
- Biological Optomechanics, Max-Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Erdinc Sezgin
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Raddcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Christian H. K. Lehmann
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lukas Heger
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Gordon F. Heidkamp
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Roche Innovation Center Munich, Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, pRED, Munich, Germany
| | - Ana-Sunčana Smith
- PULS Group, Department of Physics, IZNF, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Vasily Zaburdaev
- Max-Planck-Zentrum für Physik und Medizin, Erlangen, Germany
- Mathematics in Life Sciences, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
- Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rainer A. Böckmann
- Computational Biology, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ilya Levental
- McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Michael L. Dustin
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Christian Eggeling
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Raddcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Institute for Applied Optics and Biophysics, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technologies e.V., Jena, Germany
| | - Jochen Guck
- Max-Planck-Zentrum für Physik und Medizin, Erlangen, Germany
- Biological Optomechanics, Max-Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Diana Dudziak
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
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31
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Plochberger B, Sych T, Weber F, Novacek J, Axmann M, Stangl H, Sezgin E. Lipoprotein Particles Interact with Membranes and Transfer Their Cargo without Receptors. Biochemistry 2020; 59:4421-4428. [PMID: 33147967 PMCID: PMC7677925 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.0c00748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Lipid transfer from lipoprotein particles to cells is essential for lipid homeostasis. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles are mainly captured by cell membrane-associated scavenger receptor class B type 1 (SR-B1) from the bloodstream, while low-density and very-low-density lipoprotein (LDL and VLDL, respectively) particles are mostly taken up by receptor-mediated endocytosis. However, the role of the target lipid membrane itself in the transfer process has been largely neglected so far. Here, we study how lipoprotein particles (HDL, LDL, and VLDL) interact with synthetic lipid bilayers and cell-derived membranes and transfer their cargo subsequently. Employing cryo-electron microscopy, spectral imaging, and fluorescence (cross) correlation spectroscopy allowed us to observe integration of all major types of lipoprotein particles into the membrane and delivery of their cargo in a receptor-independent manner. Importantly, the biophysical properties of the target cell membranes change upon delivery of cargo. The concept of receptor-independent interaction of lipoprotein particles with membranes helps us to better understand lipoprotein particle biology and can be exploited for novel treatments of dyslipidemia diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgit Plochberger
- TU Wien, Institute of Applied Physics, Vienna 1040, Austria.,Johannes Kepler University Linz, Institute of Biophysics, Linz 4020, Austria.,Upper Austria University of Applied Sciences, Campus Linz, Linz 4020, Austria
| | - Taras Sych
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Solna, Sweden
| | - Florian Weber
- Upper Austria University of Applied Sciences, Campus Linz, Linz 4020, Austria.,Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Solna, Sweden
| | - Jiri Novacek
- CEITEC, Masaryk University, University Campus Bohunice, Brno 62500, Czech Republic
| | - Markus Axmann
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Institute of Medical Chemistry, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Herbert Stangl
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Institute of Medical Chemistry, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Erdinc Sezgin
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Solna, Sweden.,MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, U.K
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32
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Reglinski K, Steinfort-Effelsberg L, Sezgin E, Klose C, Platta HW, Girzalsky W, Eggeling C, Erdmann R. Fluidity and Lipid Composition of Membranes of Peroxisomes, Mitochondria and the ER From Oleic Acid-Induced Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:574363. [PMID: 33195209 PMCID: PMC7658010 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.574363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The maintenance of a fluid lipid bilayer is key for organelle function and cell viability. Given the critical role of lipid compositions in determining membrane properties and organelle identity, it is clear that cells must have elaborate mechanism for membrane maintenance during adaptive responses to environmental conditions. Emphasis of the presented study is on peroxisomes, oleic acid-inducible organelles that are essential for the growth of yeast under conditions of oleic acid as single carbon source. Here, we isolated peroxisomes, mitochondria and ER from oleic acid-induced Saccharomyces cerevisiae and determined the lipid composition of their membranes using shotgun lipidomics and compared it to lipid ordering using fluorescence microscopy. In comparison to mitochondrial and ER membranes, the peroxisomal membranes were slightly more disordered and characterized by a distinct enrichment of phosphaditylinositol, indicating an important role of this phospholipid in peroxisomal membrane associated processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Reglinski
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technologies, Jena, Germany
- Institute of Applied Optics and Biophysics, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Erdinc Sezgin
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | | | - Harald W. Platta
- Biochemistry of Intracelluar Transport, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Girzalsky
- Systems Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Christian Eggeling
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technologies, Jena, Germany
- Institute of Applied Optics and Biophysics, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Jena, Germany
| | - Ralf Erdmann
- Systems Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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33
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Gutowska-Owsiak D, Podobas EI, Eggeling C, Ogg GS, Bernardino de la Serna J. Addressing Differentiation in Live Human Keratinocytes by Assessment of Membrane Packing Order. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:573230. [PMID: 33195206 PMCID: PMC7609878 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.573230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Differentiation of keratinocytes is critical for epidermal stratification and formation of a protective stratum corneum. It involves a series of complex processes leading through gradual changes in characteristics and functions of keratinocytes up to their programmed cell death via cornification. The stratum corneum is a relatively impermeable barrier, comprised of dead cell remnants (corneocytes) embedded in lipid matrix. Corneocyte membranes are comprised of specialized lipids linked to late differentiation proteins, contributing to the formation of a stiff and mechanically strengthened layer. To date, the assessment of the progression of keratinocyte differentiation is only possible through determination of specific differentiation markers, e.g., by using proteomics-based approaches. Unfortunately, this requires fixation or cell lysis, and currently there is no robust methodology available to study keratinocyte differentiation in living cells in real-time. Here, we explore new live-cell based approaches for screening differentiation advancement in keratinocytes, in a "calcium switch" model. We employ a polarity-sensitive dye, Laurdan, and Laurdan general polarization function (GP) as a reporter of the degree of membrane lateral packing order or condensation, as an adequate marker of differentiation. We show that the assay is straightforward and can be conducted either on a single cell level using confocal spectral imaging or on the ensemble level using a fluorescence plate reader. Such systematic quantification may become useful for understanding mechanisms of keratinocyte differentiation, such as the role of membrane in homogeneities in stiffness, and for future therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danuta Gutowska-Owsiak
- University of Gdansk, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
- Medical Research Council Human Immunology Unit, National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Medical Research Council Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ewa I. Podobas
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Christian Eggeling
- Medical Research Council Human Immunology Unit, National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Medical Research Council Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Institute of Applied Optics and Biophysics, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technologies e.V., Jena, Germany
| | - Graham S. Ogg
- Medical Research Council Human Immunology Unit, National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Medical Research Council Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jorge Bernardino de la Serna
- Medical Research Council Human Immunology Unit, National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Medical Research Council Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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34
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Danylchuk DI, Sezgin E, Chabert P, Klymchenko AS. Redesigning Solvatochromic Probe Laurdan for Imaging Lipid Order Selectively in Cell Plasma Membranes. Anal Chem 2020; 92:14798-14805. [PMID: 33044816 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c03559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Imaging of biological membranes by environmentally sensitive solvatochromic probes, such as Laurdan, provides information about the organization of lipids, their ordering, and their uneven distribution. To address a key drawback of Laurdan linked to its rapid internalization and subsequent labeling of internal membranes, we redesigned it by introducing a membrane anchor group based on negatively charged sulfonate and dodecyl chain. The obtained probe, Pro12A, stains exclusively the outer leaflet of lipid bilayers of liposomes, as evidenced by leaflet-specific fluorescence quenching with a viologen derivative, and shows higher fluorescence brightness than Laurdan. Pro12A also exhibits stronger spectral change between liquid-ordered and liquid-disordered phases in model membranes and distinguishes better lipid domains in giant plasma membrane vesicles (GPMVs) than Laurdan. In live cells, it stains exclusively the cell plasma membranes, in contrast to Laurdan and its carboxylate analogue C-Laurdan. Owing to its outer leaflet binding, Pro12A is much more sensitive to cholesterol extraction than Laurdan, which is redistributed within both plasma membrane leaflets and intracellular membranes. Finally, its operating range in the blue spectral region ensures the absence of crosstalk with a number of orange/red fluorescent proteins and dyes. Thus, Pro12A will enable accurate multicolor imaging of lipid organization of cell plasma membranes in the presence of fluorescently tagged proteins of interest, which will open new opportunities in biomembrane research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmytro I Danylchuk
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 74 route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch, France
| | - Erdinc Sezgin
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DS, U.K.,Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Philippe Chabert
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 74 route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch, France
| | - Andrey S Klymchenko
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 74 route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch, France
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35
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Direct and indirect cholesterol effects on membrane proteins with special focus on potassium channels. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2020; 1865:158706. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2020.158706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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36
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Barbotin A, Urbančič I, Galiani S, Eggeling C, Booth M, Sezgin E. z-STED Imaging and Spectroscopy to Investigate Nanoscale Membrane Structure and Dynamics. Biophys J 2020; 118:2448-2457. [PMID: 32359408 PMCID: PMC7231928 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2020.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Super-resolution stimulated emission depletion (STED) microcopy provides optical resolution beyond the diffraction limit. The resolution can be increased laterally (xy) or axially (z). Two-dimensional STED has been extensively used to elucidate the nanoscale membrane structure and dynamics via imaging or combined with spectroscopy techniques such as fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) and spectral imaging. On the contrary, z-STED has not been used in this context. Here, we show that a combination of z-STED with FCS or spectral imaging enables us to see previously unobservable aspects of cellular membranes. We show that thanks to an axial resolution of ∼100 nm, z-STED can be used to distinguish axially close-by membranes, early endocytic vesicles, or tubular membrane structures. Combination of z-STED with FCS and spectral imaging showed diffusion dynamics and lipid organization in these structures, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélien Barbotin
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Iztok Urbančič
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Silvia Galiani
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Wolfson Imaging Centre Oxford, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Christian Eggeling
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Wolfson Imaging Centre Oxford, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Institute of Applied Optics and Biophysics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany; Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology e.V., Jena, Germany
| | - Martin Booth
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Erdinc Sezgin
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.
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37
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Patches and Blebs: A Comparative Study of the Composition and Biophysical Properties of Two Plasma Membrane Preparations from CHO Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072643. [PMID: 32290157 PMCID: PMC7177368 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was aimed at preparing and characterizing plasma membranes (PM) from Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells. Two methods of PM preparation were applied, one based on adhering cells to a poly-lysine-coated surface, followed by hypotonic lysis and removal of intracellular components, so that PM patches remain adhered to each other, and a second one consisting of bleb induction in cells, followed by separation of giant plasma membrane vesicles (GPMV). Both methods gave rise to PM in sufficient amounts to allow biophysical and biochemical characterization. Laurdan generalized polarization was used to measure molecular order in membranes, PM preparations were clearly more ordered than the average cell membranes (GP ≈0.450 vs. ≈0.20 respectively). Atomic force microscopy was used in the force spectroscopy mode to measure breakthrough forces of PM, both PM preparations provided values in the 4–6 nN range, while the corresponding value for whole cell lipid extracts was ≈2 nN. Lipidomic analysis of the PM preparations revealed that, as compared to the average cell membranes, PM were enriched in phospholipids containing 30–32 C atoms in their acyl chains but were relatively poor in those containing 34–40 C atoms. PM contained more saturated and less polyunsaturated fatty acids than the average cell membranes. Blebs (GPMV) and patches were very similar in their lipid composition, except that blebs contained four-fold the amount of cholesterol of patches (≈23 vs. ≈6 mol% total membrane lipids) while the average cell lipids contained 3 mol%. The differences in lipid composition are in agreement with the observed variations in physical properties between PM and whole cell membranes.
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38
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Levental KR, Malmberg E, Symons JL, Fan YY, Chapkin RS, Ernst R, Levental I. Lipidomic and biophysical homeostasis of mammalian membranes counteracts dietary lipid perturbations to maintain cellular fitness. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1339. [PMID: 32165635 PMCID: PMC7067841 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15203-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Proper membrane physiology requires maintenance of biophysical properties, which must be buffered from external perturbations. While homeostatic adaptation of membrane fluidity to temperature variation is a ubiquitous feature of ectothermic organisms, such responsive membrane adaptation to external inputs has not been directly observed in mammals. Here, we report that challenging mammalian membranes by dietary lipids leads to robust lipidomic remodeling to preserve membrane physical properties. Specifically, exogenous polyunsaturated fatty acids are rapidly incorporated into membrane lipids, inducing a reduction in membrane packing. These effects are rapidly compensated both in culture and in vivo by lipidome-wide remodeling, most notably upregulation of saturated lipids and cholesterol, resulting in recovery of membrane packing and permeability. Abrogation of this response results in cytotoxicity when membrane homeostasis is challenged by dietary lipids. These results reveal an essential mammalian mechanism for membrane homeostasis wherein lipidome remodeling in response to dietary lipid inputs preserves functional membrane phenotypes. Proper membrane physiology requires maintenance of a narrow range of physicochemical properties, which must be buffered from external perturbations. Here, authors report lipidomic remodeling to preserve membrane physical properties upon exogenous polyunsaturated fatty acids exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kandice R Levental
- Department of Integrative Biology & Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Eric Malmberg
- Department of Integrative Biology & Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jessica L Symons
- Department of Integrative Biology & Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yang-Yi Fan
- Program in Integrative Nutrition & Complex Diseases and Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Robert S Chapkin
- Program in Integrative Nutrition & Complex Diseases and Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Robert Ernst
- Department of Medical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Medical Faculty, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Ilya Levental
- Department of Integrative Biology & Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
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39
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Salinas ML, Fuentes NR, Choate R, Wright RC, McMurray DN, Chapkin RS. AdipoRon Attenuates Wnt Signaling by Reducing Cholesterol-Dependent Plasma Membrane Rigidity. Biophys J 2020; 118:885-897. [PMID: 31630812 PMCID: PMC7036725 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2019.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of adult and adolescent obesity and its associated risk of colorectal cancer reinforces the urgent need to elucidate the underlying mechanisms contributing to the promotion of colon cancer in obese individuals. Adiponectin is an adipose tissue-derived adipokine, whose levels are reduced during obesity. Both epidemiological and preclinical data indicate that adiponectin suppresses colon tumorigenesis. We have previously demonstrated that both adiponectin and AdipoRon, a small-molecule adiponectin receptor agonist, suppress colon cancer risk in part by reducing the number of Lgr5+ stem cells in mouse colonic organoids. However, the mechanism by which the adiponectin signaling pathway attenuates colon cancer risk remains to be addressed. Here, we have hypothesized that adiponectin signaling supports colonic stem cell maintenance through modulation of the biophysical properties of the plasma membrane (PM). Specifically, we investigated the effects of adiponectin receptor activation by AdipoRon on the biophysical perturbations linked to the attenuation of Wnt-driven signaling and cell proliferation as determined by LEF luciferase reporter assay and colonic organoid proliferation, respectively. Using physicochemical sensitive dyes, Di-4-ANEPPDHQ and C-laurdan, we demonstrated that AdipoRon decreased the rigidity of the colonic cell PM. The decrease in membrane rigidity was associated with a reduction in PM free cholesterol levels and the intracellular accumulation of free cholesterol in lysosomes. These results suggest that adiponectin signaling plays a role in modulating cellular cholesterol homeostasis, PM biophysical properties, and Wnt-driven signaling. These findings are noteworthy because they may in part explain how obesity drives colon cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael L Salinas
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas; Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Natividad R Fuentes
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas; Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas; Interdisciplinary Faculty of Toxicology Program, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Rachel Choate
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Rachel C Wright
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas; Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - David N McMurray
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Robert S Chapkin
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas; Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas; Interdisciplinary Faculty of Toxicology Program, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas; Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas; Center for Environmental Health Research, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas.
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40
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Beckers D, Urbancic D, Sezgin E. Impact of Nanoscale Hindrances on the Relationship between Lipid Packing and Diffusion in Model Membranes. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:1487-1494. [PMID: 32026676 PMCID: PMC7050011 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c00445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
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Membrane
models have allowed for precise study of the plasma membrane’s
biophysical properties, helping to unravel both structural and dynamic
motifs within cell biology. Freestanding and supported bilayer systems
are popular models to reconstitute membrane-related processes. Although
it is well-known that each have their advantages and limitations,
comprehensive comparison of their biophysical properties is still
lacking. Here, we compare the diffusion and lipid packing in giant
unilamellar vesicles, planar and spherical supported membranes, and
cell-derived giant plasma membrane vesicles. We apply florescence
correlation spectroscopy (FCS), spectral imaging, and super-resolution
stimulated emission depletion FCS to study the diffusivity, lipid
packing, and nanoscale architecture of these membrane systems, respectively.
Our data show that lipid packing and diffusivity is tightly correlated
in freestanding bilayers. However, nanoscale interactions in the supported
bilayers cause deviation from this correlation. These data are essential
to develop accurate theoretical models of the plasma membrane and
will serve as a guideline for suitable model selection in future studies
to reconstitute biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Beckers
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine , University of Oxford , Oxford OX3 9DS , U.K
| | - Dunja Urbancic
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine , University of Oxford , Oxford OX3 9DS , U.K.,Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Ljubljana , Askerceva cesta 7 , 1000 Ljubljana , Slovenia
| | - Erdinc Sezgin
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine , University of Oxford , Oxford OX3 9DS , U.K.,Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health , Karolinska Institutet , Solna , Sweden
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41
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Dong S, Tang X, Wang J, Zhang Z, Chen J, Lin Y, Xie S, Wang Z, Yang H. Self-assembly of lipid rafts revealed by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy in living breast cancer cells. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2020; 13:e201900214. [PMID: 31675171 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201900214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Lipids and proteins in the plasma membrane are laterally heterogeneous and formalised as lipid rafts featuring unique biophysical properties. However, the self-assembly mechanism of lipid raft cannot be revealed even its physical properties and components were determined in specific physiological processes. In this study, two-photon generalised polarisation imaging and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy were used to study the fusion of lipid rafts through the membrane phase and the lateral diffusion of lipids in living breast cancer cells. A self-assembly model of lipid rafts associated with lipid diffusion and membrane phase was proposed to demonstrate the lipid sorting ability of lipid rafts in the plasma membrane. The results showed that the increased proportion of slow subdiffusion of GM1 -binding cholera toxin B-subunit (CT-B) was accompanied with an increased liquid-ordered domain during the β-estradiol-induced fusion of lipid rafts. And slow subdiffusion of CT-B was vanished with the depletion of lipid rafts. Whereas the dialkylindocarbocyanine (DiIC18 ) diffusion was not specifically regulated by lipid rafts. This study will open up a new insight for uncovering the self-assembly of lipid rafts in specific pathophysiological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqing Dong
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqiong Tang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhenghong Zhang
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Developmental Biology and Neurosciences, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianling Chen
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yao Lin
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Developmental Biology and Neurosciences, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shusen Xie
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhengchao Wang
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Developmental Biology and Neurosciences, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hongqin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
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42
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Browning RJ, Aron M, Booth A, Rademeyer P, Wing S, Brans V, Shrivastava S, Carugo D, Stride E. Spectral Imaging for Microbubble Characterization. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:609-617. [PMID: 31855435 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b03828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Microbubbles stabilized by an outer lipid shell have been studied extensively for both diagnostic and therapeutic applications. The shell composition can significantly influence microbubble behavior, but performing quantitative measurements of shell properties is challenging. The aim of this study is to investigate the use of spectral imaging to characterize the surface properties of a range of microbubble formulations representing both commercial and research agents. A lipophilic dye, C-laurdan, whose fluorescence emission varies according to the properties of the local environment, was used to compare the degree and uniformity of the lipid order in the microbubble shell, and these measurements were compared with the acoustic response and stability of the different formulations. Spectral imaging was found to be suitable for performing rapid and hence relatively high throughput measurements of microbubble surface properties. Interestingly, despite significant differences in lipid molecule size and charge, all of the different formulations exhibited highly ordered lipid shells. Measurements of liposomes with the same composition and the debris generated by destroying lipid microbubbles with ultrasound (US) showed that these exhibited a lower and more varied lipid order than intact microbubbles. This suggests that the high lipid order of microbubbles is due primarily to compression of the shell as a result of surface tension and is only minimally affected by composition. This also explains the similarity in acoustic response observed between the formulations, because microbubble dynamics are determined by the diameter and shell viscoelastic properties that are themselves a function of the lipid order. Within each population, there was considerable variability in the lipid order and response between individual microbubbles, suggesting the need for improved manufacturing techniques. In addition, the difference in the lipid order between the shell and lipid debris may be important for therapeutic applications in which shedding of the shell material is exploited, for example, drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Browning
- Department of Engineering Science, Institute of Biomedical Engineering , University of Oxford , Oxford OX3 7DQ , U.K
| | - Miles Aron
- Department of Engineering Science, Institute of Biomedical Engineering , University of Oxford , Oxford OX3 7DQ , U.K
| | - Anna Booth
- Department of Engineering Science, Institute of Biomedical Engineering , University of Oxford , Oxford OX3 7DQ , U.K
- Department of Chemistry , University of Oxford , Oxford OX1 3QR , U.K
| | - Paul Rademeyer
- Department of Engineering Science, Institute of Biomedical Engineering , University of Oxford , Oxford OX3 7DQ , U.K
| | - Sarah Wing
- Department of Engineering Science, Institute of Biomedical Engineering , University of Oxford , Oxford OX3 7DQ , U.K
| | - Veerle Brans
- Department of Engineering Science, Institute of Biomedical Engineering , University of Oxford , Oxford OX3 7DQ , U.K
| | - Shamit Shrivastava
- Department of Engineering Science, Institute of Biomedical Engineering , University of Oxford , Oxford OX3 7DQ , U.K
| | - Dario Carugo
- Department of Engineering Science, Institute of Biomedical Engineering , University of Oxford , Oxford OX3 7DQ , U.K
- Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences , University of Southampton , Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ , U.K
| | - Eleanor Stride
- Department of Engineering Science, Institute of Biomedical Engineering , University of Oxford , Oxford OX3 7DQ , U.K
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43
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Aron M, Vince O, Gray M, Mannaris C, Stride E. Investigating the Role of Lipid Transfer in Microbubble-Mediated Drug Delivery. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:13205-13215. [PMID: 31517490 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b02404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Sonoporation, the permeabilization of cell membranes following exposure to microbubbles and ultrasound, has considerable potential for therapeutic delivery. To date, engineering of microbubbles for these applications has focused primarily upon optimizing microbubble size and stability, or attachment of targeting species and/or drug molecules. In this work, it is demonstrated that the microbubble coating can also be tailored to directly influence cell permeabilization. Specifically, lipid exchange mechanisms between phospholipid microbubbles and cells can be exploited to significantly increase sonoporation efficiency in vitro. A theoretical analysis of the energy required for pore formation was carried out. From this, it was hypothesized that sonoporation could be promoted by the transfer of lipid molecules with appropriate carbon chain length and/or shape (cylindrical or conical). Spectral imaging with a hydration-sensitive membrane probe (C-Laurdan) was used to measure changes in the membrane lipid order of A-549 cancer cells following exposure to suspensions of different phospholipids. Two candidate lipids were identified, a short-chain-length phospholipid (1,2-dilauroyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DLPC)) and a medium-chain-length lysolipid (1-palmitoyl-2-hydroxy-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (16:0 lyso-PC)). Microbubbles were prepared with matched concentrations, size distributions, and acoustic responses. Confocal microscopy was used to measure cell uptake of a model drug (propidium iodide) with and without ultrasound exposure (1 MHz, 250 kPa peak negative pressure, 1 kHz pulse repetition frequency, 10% duty cycle, 15 s exposure). Despite significantly decreasing the cell membrane lipid order, DLPC did not increase sonoporation. Microbubbles containing 16:0 lyso-PC, however, produced a ∼5-fold increase in sonoporation compared to control microbubbles. Importantly, the lyso-PC molecules were incorporated into the microbubble coating and did not affect cell permeability prior to ultrasound exposure. These findings indicate that microbubbles can be engineered to exploit lipid exchange between microbubble shells and cell membranes to enhance drug delivery, a new optimization route that may lead to enhanced therapeutic efficacy of ultrasound-mediated treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miles Aron
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering , University of Oxford , Old Road Campus Research Building , Oxford OX3 7DQ , U.K
| | - Oliver Vince
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering , University of Oxford , Old Road Campus Research Building , Oxford OX3 7DQ , U.K
| | - Michael Gray
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering , University of Oxford , Old Road Campus Research Building , Oxford OX3 7DQ , U.K
| | - Christophoros Mannaris
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering , University of Oxford , Old Road Campus Research Building , Oxford OX3 7DQ , U.K
| | - Eleanor Stride
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering , University of Oxford , Old Road Campus Research Building , Oxford OX3 7DQ , U.K
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44
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Steinkühler J, Sezgin E, Urbančič I, Eggeling C, Dimova R. Mechanical properties of plasma membrane vesicles correlate with lipid order, viscosity and cell density. Commun Biol 2019; 2:337. [PMID: 31531398 PMCID: PMC6744421 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0583-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulation of plasma membrane curvature and composition governs essential cellular processes. The material property of bending rigidity describes the energetic cost of membrane deformations and depends on the plasma membrane molecular composition. Because of compositional fluctuations and active processes, it is challenging to measure it in intact cells. Here, we study the plasma membrane using giant plasma membrane vesicles (GPMVs), which largely preserve the plasma membrane lipidome and proteome. We show that the bending rigidity of plasma membranes under varied conditions is correlated to readout from environment-sensitive dyes, which are indicative of membrane order and microviscosity. This correlation holds across different cell lines, upon cholesterol depletion or enrichment of the plasma membrane, and variations in cell density. Thus, polarity- and viscosity-sensitive probes represent a promising indicator of membrane mechanical properties. Additionally, our results allow for identifying synthetic membranes with a few well defined lipids as optimal plasma membrane mimetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Steinkühler
- Theory and Bio-Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Science Park Golm, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Erdinc Sezgin
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford, OX3 9DS UK
| | - Iztok Urbančič
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford, OX3 9DS UK
- Condensed Matter Physics Department, “Jožef Stefan” Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Christian Eggeling
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford, OX3 9DS UK
- Institute of Applied Optics Friedrich‐Schiller‐University Jena, Max-Wien Platz 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Rumiana Dimova
- Theory and Bio-Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Science Park Golm, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
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45
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Mishra M, Adhyapak P, Dadhich R, Kapoor S. Dynamic Remodeling of the Host Cell Membrane by Virulent Mycobacterial Sulfoglycolipid-1. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12844. [PMID: 31492926 PMCID: PMC6731295 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49343-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipids dictate membrane properties to modulate lateral membrane organization, lipid/protein diffusion and lipid-protein interactions, thereby underpinning proper functioning of cells. Mycobacterium tuberculosis harnesses the power of its atypical cell wall lipids to impact immune surveillance machinery centered at the host cell membrane. However, the role of specific virulent lipids in altering host cellular functions by modulating membrane organization and the associated signaling response are still pertinent unresolved questions. Here, combining membrane biophysics and cell biology, we elucidate how virulent Mtb sulfoglycolipids hijack the host cell membrane, affecting its order, fluidity, and stiffness along with manipulating the linked cytoskeleton. The functional outcome of this perturbation was assayed by monitoring membrane-associated autophagy signaling. These actions form a part of the overall response to commandeer host membrane-associated immune processes during infection. The findings on the mechanism of action of Mtb lipids on host cell membrane structure and downstream signaling will deepen the collective understanding of their functional aspects in membrane-dictated bacterial survival, pathogenesis and drug resistance and reveal suitable membrane driven-therapeutic intervention points and diagnostic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjari Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, India
| | - Pranav Adhyapak
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, India
| | - Ruchika Dadhich
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, India
| | - Shobhna Kapoor
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, India.
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46
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Enoki TA, Feigenson GW. Asymmetric Bilayers by Hemifusion: Method and Leaflet Behaviors. Biophys J 2019; 117:1037-1050. [PMID: 31493862 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2019.07.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
We describe a new method to prepare asymmetric giant unilamellar vesicles (aGUVs) via hemifusion. Hemifusion of giant unilamellar vesicles and a supported lipid bilayer, triggered by calcium, promotes the lipid exchange of the fused outer leaflets mediated by lipid diffusion. We used different fluorescent dyes to monitor the inner and the outer leaflets of the unsupported aGUVs. We confirmed that almost all newly exchanged lipids in the aGUVs are found in the outer leaflet of these asymmetric vesicles. In addition, we test the stability of the aGUVs formed by hemifusion in preserving their contents during the procedure. For aGUVs prepared from the hemifusion of giant unilamellar vesicles composed of 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine/1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine/cholesterol = 0.39/0.39/0.22 and a supported lipid bilayer of 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine/cholesterol = 0.8/0.2, we observed the exchanged lipids to alter the bilayer properties. To access the physical and chemical properties of the asymmetric bilayer, we monitored the dye partition coefficients of individual leaflets and the generalized polarization of the fluorescence probe 6-dodecanoyl-2-[ N-methyl-N-(carboxymethyl)amino] naphthalene, a sensor for the lipid packing/order of its surroundings. For a high percentage of lipid exchange (>70%), the dye partition indicates induced-disordered and induced-ordered domains. The induced domains have distinct lipid packing/order compared to the symmetric liquid-disordered and liquid-ordered domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais A Enoki
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York.
| | - Gerald W Feigenson
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
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47
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Calvez P, Jouhet J, Vié V, Durmort C, Zapun A. Lipid Phases and Cell Geometry During the Cell Cycle of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:351. [PMID: 30936851 PMCID: PMC6432855 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The coexistence of different lipid phases is well-known in vitro, but evidence for their presence and function in cellular membranes remains scarce. Using a combination of fluorescent lipid probes, we observe segregation of domains that suggests the coexistence of liquid and gel phases in the membrane of Streptococcus pneumoniae, where they are localized to minimize bending stress in the ellipsoid geometry defined by the cell wall. Gel phase lipids with high bending rigidity would be spontaneously organized at the equator where curvature is minimal, thus marking the future division site, while liquid phase membrane maps onto the oblong hemispheres. In addition, the membrane-bound cell wall precursor with its particular dynamic acyl chain localizes at the division site where the membrane is highly curved. We propose a complete “chicken-and-egg” model where cell geometry determines the localization of lipid phases that positions the cell division machinery, which in turn alters the localization of lamellar phases by assembling the cell wall with a specific geometry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Juliette Jouhet
- UMR 5168 CNRS, CEA, INRA, CEA Grenoble, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire Végétale, Bioscience and Biotechnologies Institute of Grenoble, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Véronique Vié
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, IPR-UMR 6251, ScanMat-UMS2001, Rennes, France
| | | | - André Zapun
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IBS, Grenoble, France
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48
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Membrane Mechanical Properties Regulate the Effect of Strain on Spontaneous Electrophysiology in Human iPSC-Derived Neurons. Neuroscience 2019; 404:165-174. [PMID: 30817953 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral nerves contain neuron fibers vital for movement and sensation and are subject to continuous elongation and compression during everyday movement. At supraphysiological strains conduction blocks occur, resulting in permanent or temporary loss of function. The mechanisms underpinning these alterations in electrophysiological activity remain unclear; however, there is evidence that both ion channels and network synapses may be affected through cell membrane transmitted strain. The aim of this work was to quantify the changes in spontaneous activity resulting from application of uniaxial strain in a human iPS-derived motor neuron culture model, and to investigate the role of cell membrane mechanical properties during cell straining. Increasing strain in a custom-built cell-stretching device caused a linear decrease in spontaneous activity, and no immediate recovery of activity was observed after strain release. Imaging neuronal membranes with c-Laurdan showed changes to the lipid order in neural membranes during deformation with a decrease in lipid packing. Neural cell membrane stiffness can be modulated by increasing cholesterol content, resulting in reduced stretch-induced decrease of membrane lipid packing and in a reduced decrease in spontaneous activity caused by mechanical strain. Together these results indicate that the mechanism whereby cell injury causes impaired transmission of neural impulses may be governed by the mechanical state of the cell membrane, and contribute to establishing a direct relationship between neural uniaxial straining and loss of spontaneous neural activity.
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49
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Shrivastava S, Cleveland RO, Schneider MF. On measuring the acoustic state changes in lipid membranes using fluorescent probes. SOFT MATTER 2018; 14:9702-9712. [PMID: 30462137 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm01635f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasound is increasingly being used to modulate the properties of biological membranes for applications in drug delivery and neuromodulation. While various studies have investigated the mechanical aspects of the interaction such as acoustic absorption and membrane deformation, it is not clear how these effects transduce into biological functions, for example, changes in the permeability or the enzymatic activity of the membrane. A critical aspect of the activity of an enzyme is the thermal fluctuations of its solvation or hydration shell. Thermal fluctuations are also known to be directly related to membrane permeability. Here solvation shell changes of lipid membranes subject to an acoustic impulse were investigated using a fluorescence probe, Laurdan. Laurdan was embedded in multi-lamellar lipid vesicles in water, which were exposed to broadband pressure impulses of the order of 1 MPa peak amplitude and 10 µs pulse duration. An instrument was developed to monitor changes in the emission spectrum of the dye at two wavelengths with sub-microsecond temporal resolution. The experiments show that changes in the emission spectrum, and hence the fluctuations of the solvation shell, are related to the changes in the thermodynamic state of the membrane and correlated with the compression and rarefaction of the incident sound wave. The results suggest that acoustic fields affect the state of a lipid membrane and therefore can potentially modulate the kinetics of channels and enzymes embedded in the membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamit Shrivastava
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK.
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50
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Cebecauer M, Amaro M, Jurkiewicz P, Sarmento MJ, Šachl R, Cwiklik L, Hof M. Membrane Lipid Nanodomains. Chem Rev 2018; 118:11259-11297. [PMID: 30362705 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Lipid membranes can spontaneously organize their components into domains of different sizes and properties. The organization of membrane lipids into nanodomains might potentially play a role in vital functions of cells and organisms. Model membranes represent attractive systems to study lipid nanodomains, which cannot be directly addressed in living cells with the currently available methods. This review summarizes the knowledge on lipid nanodomains in model membranes and exposes how their specific character contrasts with large-scale phase separation. The overview on lipid nanodomains in membranes composed of diverse lipids (e.g., zwitterionic and anionic glycerophospholipids, ceramides, glycosphingolipids) and cholesterol aims to evidence the impact of chemical, electrostatic, and geometric properties of lipids on nanodomain formation. Furthermore, the effects of curvature, asymmetry, and ions on membrane nanodomains are shown to be highly relevant aspects that may also modulate lipid nanodomains in cellular membranes. Potential mechanisms responsible for the formation and dynamics of nanodomains are discussed with support from available theories and computational studies. A brief description of current fluorescence techniques and analytical tools that enabled progress in lipid nanodomain studies is also included. Further directions are proposed to successfully extend this research to cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Cebecauer
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Dolejškova 3 , 18223 Prague 8 , Czech Republic
| | - Mariana Amaro
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Dolejškova 3 , 18223 Prague 8 , Czech Republic
| | - Piotr Jurkiewicz
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Dolejškova 3 , 18223 Prague 8 , Czech Republic
| | - Maria João Sarmento
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Dolejškova 3 , 18223 Prague 8 , Czech Republic
| | - Radek Šachl
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Dolejškova 3 , 18223 Prague 8 , Czech Republic
| | - Lukasz Cwiklik
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Dolejškova 3 , 18223 Prague 8 , Czech Republic
| | - Martin Hof
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Dolejškova 3 , 18223 Prague 8 , Czech Republic
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