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Effects of empagliflozin on progression of chronic kidney disease: a prespecified secondary analysis from the empa-kidney trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2024; 12:39-50. [PMID: 38061371 PMCID: PMC7615591 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(23)00321-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors reduce progression of chronic kidney disease and the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in a wide range of patients. However, their effects on kidney disease progression in some patients with chronic kidney disease are unclear because few clinical kidney outcomes occurred among such patients in the completed trials. In particular, some guidelines stratify their level of recommendation about who should be treated with SGLT2 inhibitors based on diabetes status and albuminuria. We aimed to assess the effects of empagliflozin on progression of chronic kidney disease both overall and among specific types of participants in the EMPA-KIDNEY trial. METHODS EMPA-KIDNEY, a randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial, was conducted at 241 centres in eight countries (Canada, China, Germany, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, the UK, and the USA), and included individuals aged 18 years or older with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 20 to less than 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2, or with an eGFR of 45 to less than 90 mL/min per 1·73 m2 with a urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR) of 200 mg/g or higher. We explored the effects of 10 mg oral empagliflozin once daily versus placebo on the annualised rate of change in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR slope), a tertiary outcome. We studied the acute slope (from randomisation to 2 months) and chronic slope (from 2 months onwards) separately, using shared parameter models to estimate the latter. Analyses were done in all randomly assigned participants by intention to treat. EMPA-KIDNEY is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03594110. FINDINGS Between May 15, 2019, and April 16, 2021, 6609 participants were randomly assigned and then followed up for a median of 2·0 years (IQR 1·5-2·4). Prespecified subgroups of eGFR included 2282 (34·5%) participants with an eGFR of less than 30 mL/min per 1·73 m2, 2928 (44·3%) with an eGFR of 30 to less than 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2, and 1399 (21·2%) with an eGFR 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2 or higher. Prespecified subgroups of uACR included 1328 (20·1%) with a uACR of less than 30 mg/g, 1864 (28·2%) with a uACR of 30 to 300 mg/g, and 3417 (51·7%) with a uACR of more than 300 mg/g. Overall, allocation to empagliflozin caused an acute 2·12 mL/min per 1·73 m2 (95% CI 1·83-2·41) reduction in eGFR, equivalent to a 6% (5-6) dip in the first 2 months. After this, it halved the chronic slope from -2·75 to -1·37 mL/min per 1·73 m2 per year (relative difference 50%, 95% CI 42-58). The absolute and relative benefits of empagliflozin on the magnitude of the chronic slope varied significantly depending on diabetes status and baseline levels of eGFR and uACR. In particular, the absolute difference in chronic slopes was lower in patients with lower baseline uACR, but because this group progressed more slowly than those with higher uACR, this translated to a larger relative difference in chronic slopes in this group (86% [36-136] reduction in the chronic slope among those with baseline uACR <30 mg/g compared with a 29% [19-38] reduction for those with baseline uACR ≥2000 mg/g; ptrend<0·0001). INTERPRETATION Empagliflozin slowed the rate of progression of chronic kidney disease among all types of participant in the EMPA-KIDNEY trial, including those with little albuminuria. Albuminuria alone should not be used to determine whether to treat with an SGLT2 inhibitor. FUNDING Boehringer Ingelheim and Eli Lilly.
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Yamada N, Yamagata K, Yamaguchi M, Yamaji Y, Yamamoto A, Yamamoto S, Yamamoto S, Yamamoto T, Yamanaka A, Yamano T, Yamanouchi Y, Yamasaki N, Yamasaki Y, Yamasaki Y, Yamashita C, Yamauchi T, Yan Q, Yanagisawa E, Yang F, Yang L, Yano S, Yao S, Yao Y, Yarlagadda S, Yasuda Y, Yiu V, Yokoyama T, Yoshida S, Yoshidome E, Yoshikawa H, Young A, Young T, Yousif V, Yu H, Yu Y, Yuasa K, Yusof N, Zalunardo N, Zander B, Zani R, Zappulo F, Zayed M, Zemann B, Zettergren P, Zhang H, Zhang L, Zhang L, Zhang N, Zhang X, Zhao J, Zhao L, Zhao S, Zhao Z, Zhong H, Zhou N, Zhou S, Zhu D, Zhu L, Zhu S, Zietz M, Zippo M, Zirino F, Zulkipli FH. Impact of primary kidney disease on the effects of empagliflozin in patients with chronic kidney disease: secondary analyses of the EMPA-KIDNEY trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2024; 12:51-60. [PMID: 38061372 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(23)00322-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The EMPA-KIDNEY trial showed that empagliflozin reduced the risk of the primary composite outcome of kidney disease progression or cardiovascular death in patients with chronic kidney disease mainly through slowing progression. We aimed to assess how effects of empagliflozin might differ by primary kidney disease across its broad population. METHODS EMPA-KIDNEY, a randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial, was conducted at 241 centres in eight countries (Canada, China, Germany, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, the UK, and the USA). Patients were eligible if their estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was 20 to less than 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2, or 45 to less than 90 mL/min per 1·73 m2 with a urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR) of 200 mg/g or higher at screening. They were randomly assigned (1:1) to 10 mg oral empagliflozin once daily or matching placebo. Effects on kidney disease progression (defined as a sustained ≥40% eGFR decline from randomisation, end-stage kidney disease, a sustained eGFR below 10 mL/min per 1·73 m2, or death from kidney failure) were assessed using prespecified Cox models, and eGFR slope analyses used shared parameter models. Subgroup comparisons were performed by including relevant interaction terms in models. EMPA-KIDNEY is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03594110. FINDINGS Between May 15, 2019, and April 16, 2021, 6609 participants were randomly assigned and followed up for a median of 2·0 years (IQR 1·5-2·4). Prespecified subgroupings by primary kidney disease included 2057 (31·1%) participants with diabetic kidney disease, 1669 (25·3%) with glomerular disease, 1445 (21·9%) with hypertensive or renovascular disease, and 1438 (21·8%) with other or unknown causes. Kidney disease progression occurred in 384 (11·6%) of 3304 patients in the empagliflozin group and 504 (15·2%) of 3305 patients in the placebo group (hazard ratio 0·71 [95% CI 0·62-0·81]), with no evidence that the relative effect size varied significantly by primary kidney disease (pheterogeneity=0·62). The between-group difference in chronic eGFR slopes (ie, from 2 months to final follow-up) was 1·37 mL/min per 1·73 m2 per year (95% CI 1·16-1·59), representing a 50% (42-58) reduction in the rate of chronic eGFR decline. This relative effect of empagliflozin on chronic eGFR slope was similar in analyses by different primary kidney diseases, including in explorations by type of glomerular disease and diabetes (p values for heterogeneity all >0·1). INTERPRETATION In a broad range of patients with chronic kidney disease at risk of progression, including a wide range of non-diabetic causes of chronic kidney disease, empagliflozin reduced risk of kidney disease progression. Relative effect sizes were broadly similar irrespective of the cause of primary kidney disease, suggesting that SGLT2 inhibitors should be part of a standard of care to minimise risk of kidney failure in chronic kidney disease. FUNDING Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, and UK Medical Research Council.
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Atlas H, Safa N, Denis R, Garneau P, Moustarah F, Marceau S, Lebel S, Biertho L, Hould F, Marceau P, Biron S, Anvari M, Sharma A, Goldsmith CH, Lacobellis G, Cadeddu M, Misra M, Taylor V, Tarride J, Hubert E, Tiboni M, Hong D, Wiebe S, Klassen D, Bonjer J, Lawlor D, Plowman J, Ransom T, Vallis M, Ellsmere J, Graham PJ, Kaban GK, Vizhul A, Birch DW, Menezes AC, Shi X, Karmali S, Seth R, MacKenzie L, Kus A, Bell J, Carrier M, Atkins H, Boushey R, Auer R, Croome KP, Yamashita M, Aarts MA, Okrainec A, Glicksman A, Pearsall E, Pitzul K, Huang H, McLeod RS, Sarkhosh K, Robertson M, Boctor D, Lam V, Sigalet D, Johner A, Faulds J, Wiseman SM, Pemberton J, Gordon ML, Prashad C, Rambaran M, Cameron B, Neville A, Sarosi GA, Wei Y, Gibbs JO, Reda DJ, McCarthy M, Fitzgibbons RJ, Barkun JST, Fenech DS, Forbes S, Pearsall E, Chung J, Glickman A, Victor JC, Nathens A, McLeod RS, Fitzmaurice GJ, Mone F, Brown R, Cranley B, Conlon EF, Todd RAJ, O'Donnell ME, Tran TT, Kaneva PA, Finch LE, Fried GM, Mayo NE, Feldman LS, VanHouwellingen L, Vogt KN, Stewart TC, Williamson J, Parry N, DeRose G, Gray D, Harriman S, Rodych N, Hayes P, Moser M, Jamal MH, Doi S, Rousseau M, Snell L, Meterissian S, Zolfaghari S, Friedlich MS, Kurashima Y, Al-Sabah S, Kaneva PA, Feldman LS, Fried GM, Vassiliou MC, Tran TT, Kaneva PA, Mayo NE, Fried GM, Feldman LS, Pearsall E, Sheth U, Fenech D, McKenzie M, Victor JC, McLeod RS, Ghaderi I, Vaillancourt M, Sroka G, Kaneva PA, Vassiliou MC, Seagull FJ, Sutton E, Godinez C, George I, Park A, Choy I, Okrainec A, Brintzenhoff R, Prabhu A, Heniford BT, Stefanidis D, Fried GM, Feldman LS, Igric A, Vogt KN, Girotti M, Parry NG, Vinden C, Kim SHH, Zhang NN, Russo JJ, El-Salfiti IK, Kowalczuk M, Rajaee AN, Bal M, Gill MS, Lysecki PJ, Hoogenes J, Dath D, Nassar AK, Reid S, Mohaisen KN, Winch J, Omar D, Hanna WC, Mulder DS, El-Hilali MM, Khwaja KA, Jamal MH, Rayment J, Doi SA, Megueditchian A, Meterissian S, Tso D, Langer M, Blair G, Butterworth S, Vaillancourt M, Vassiliou MC, Bergman S, Fried GM, Kaneva PA, Feldman LS, Davenport E, Haggar F, Trottier D, Huynh H, Soto C, Shamji FM, Seely A, Sundaresan S, Pagliarello G, Tadros S, Yelle JD, Maziak D, Moloo H, Poulin EC, Mamazza J, Knowlton LM, Chackungal S, MacQueen KA, Anvari M, Allen C, Goldsmith C, Ghaderi I, Madani A, de Gara C, Schlachta CM, Zakrison TL, Tee MC, Chan S, Nguyen V, Yang J, Holmes D, Levine D, Bugis S, Wiseman SM, Sandhu L, Zhai J, Kennedy ED, Baxter NN, Gagliardi AR, Urbach DR, Wei AC, Sabalbal M, McAlister VC, Balayla J, Bergman S, Feldman LS, Ghitulescu G, Fraser SA, Daigle R, Urquart R, Cox M, Grunfeld E, Porter G, Hallet J, Labidi S, Clairoux A, Gagné JP, Gill RS, Manouchehri N, Liu JQ, Lee TF, Bigam DL, Cheung PY, Van Koughnett JA, Colquhoun PH, Gordon ML, Cornacchi S, Farrokhyar F, Hodgson N, Porter G, Quan ML, Wright F, Lovrics P, Datta I, Brar SS, Ball CG, Heine JA, Rothwell B, Crozier M, Ting H, Boone D, O'Regan N, Brown C, Bandrauk N, Hapgood J, Hogan M, McDonald LA, Da'as S, Sorensen PHB, Berman JN, Ameer A, Jamal M, Aljiffry M, Doi S, Hasanain M, Chaudhury P, Metrakos P, Tchervenkov J, Lapierre S, Mohammad W, Balaa N, Akil M, Mimeault R, Fairfull-Smith R, Teague BD, Butler MS, Garneau PY, Sample CB, Kapoor A, Cadeddu MO, Anvari M, Hanna WC, Jamal MH, Nguyen L, Fraser SA, Kwan K, Wallis CJD, Jones S, Fraser T, Masterso J, Blair G, Duffy D, Roberts DJ, Kirkpatrick AW, Datta I, Feliciano DV, Kortbeek JB, Laupland KB, Ball CG, Haggar F, Davenport E, Moloo H, Mamazza J, Manouchehri N, Bigam D, Churchill T, Joynt C, Cheung PY, Al-Sairafi R, Sample CB, Paquette F, Fraser SA, Feldman LS, Fried GM, Weissglas I, Ghitulescu G, Meterissian S, Bergman S, Al-Dohayan A, Al-Naami M, Bamehriz F, Madkhali A, Hallet J, LeBlanc M, Gilbert A, Daigle C, Tien G, Atkins MS, Zheng B, Tanin H, Swindells C, Meneghetti A, Panton ONM, Qayumi AK, Chhiv M, Drolet S, Sirois-Giguère É, Gilbert A, Doyle JD, Sheth U, Huang H, Pearsall E, McLeod RS, Nathens AB, Suri RR, Vora P, Kirby JM, Chan K, Smith S, Ruo L, Faryniuk A, Hochman D, Ball CG, Kirkpatrick AW, Broderick TJ, Williams DR, Kholdebarin R, Helewa R, Bracken J, Zabolotny B, Hochman D, Merchant S, Hameed M, Melck A, McGuire AL, Wilson C, Mercer D, Sharma B, Orzech N, Grantcharov T, Johner A, Taylor DC, Buczkowski AK, Chung SW, Lumb KJ, Trejos AL, Ward CDW, Naish MD, Patel RV, Schlachta CM, Davenport E, Haggar F, Moloo H, Boushey RP, Poulin EC, Mamazza J, Graybiel KM, Fernandes VT, Hoogenes J, Dath D, Mohammad W, Trottier D, Nadolny K, Poulin EC, Mamazza J, Balaa F, Diederichs B, Turner S, de Gara C, Ghitulescu GA, Filip I, Bergman S, Fraser S, Finley RJ, Mayo J, Clifton J, Yee J, Evans K, MacWilliams A, Lam S, English J, Finley C, Jacks L, Darling G, Hanna WC, Sudarshan M, Roberge D, David M, Waschke KA, Mayrand S, Ferri LE, Coughlin S, Emmerton-Coughlin H, Malthaner R, Grover HS, Basi S, Chiasson P, Basi S, Irshad K, Emmerton-Coughlin HMA, Vogt KN, Malthaner RA, Spicer JD, McDonald B, Perera R, Rousseau MC, Chan CHF, Hsu RYC, Giannias B, Ferri LE, Ahmed S, Birnbaum AE, Berz D, Fontaine JP, Dipetrillo TA, Ready NE, Ng T, Alhussaini A, Oberoi M, Threader J, Villeneuve J, Gilbert S, Shamji FM, Sundaresan S, Maziak D, Seely A, Rammohan KS, Hunt I, Chuck A, Gazala S, Valji A, Stewart K, Bedard ELR, Plourde M, Fortin D, Arab A, Inculet RI, Malthaner RA, Bharadwaj SC, Hamin T, Tan LA, Unruh HW, Srinathan SK, McGuire AL, Petsikas D, Reid K, Hopman W, Levine P, Rousseau M, Spicer J, Ferri LE, Ashrafi AS, Bond RJ, Ong SR, Ahmadi SY, Partington SL, Graham AJ, Owen S, Kelly EJ, Gelfand G, Grondin SC, McFadden SD, Paolucci EO, Weeks SG, Davis PJ, Molinari M, Topp T, Walsh MJ, Simoneau E, Hassanain M, Cabrera T, Chaudhury P, Dumitra S, Aljiffry M, Feteih I, Leduc S, Rivera J, Jamal M, Valenti D, Metrakos P, Elgadi K, Cherniak W, Chan D, Wei AC, Gallinger S, Mohammad W, Mimeault R, Fairfull-Smith R, Auer R, Balaa F, Kwan J, Hassanain M, Chaudhury P, Dey C, Gadahadh R, Salman A, Simoneau E, Meti N, Aljiffry M, Jamal M, Cabrera T, Bouganim N, Kavan P, Alcindor T, Valenti D, Metrakos P, Brar B, Sutherland F, Bégin A, Bourdonnais D, Lapointe R, Plasse M, Létourneau R, Roy A, Dagenais M, Vandenbroucke-Menu F, Bégin A, Bourdonnais D, Lapointe R, Plasse M, Létourneau R, Dagenais M, Roy A, Vandenbroucke-Menu F, Bégin A, Ismail S, Vandenbroucke-Menu F, Létourneau R, Plasse M, Roy A, Dagenais M, Lapointe R, Greco EF, Nanji S, Shah SA, Wei AC, Greig PD, Gallinger S, Cleary SP, Al-Adra DP, Anderson C, Nanji S, Ryan P, Guindi M, Selvarajah S, Greig P, McGilvray I, Taylor B, Wei A, Moulton C, Cleary SP, Gallinger S, Sandroussi C, Brace C, Kennedy E, Baxter N, Gallinger S, Wei AC, Yamashita T, Leslie K, McLean SR, Karsanji D, Dixon E, Sutherland FR, Bathe OF, Suri RR, Marcaccio MJ, Ruo L, Jamal MH, Simoneau E, Khalil JA, Hassanain M, Chaudhury P, Tchervenkov J, Metrakos P, Doi SA, Barkun JS, Barnett C, Marcaccio MJ, Hankinson JJ, Ruo L, Alawashez A, Ellsmere J, Neville A, Boutros M, Barkun J, Wiebe ME, Sandhu L, Takata JL, Kennedy ED, Baxter NN, Gagliardi AR, Urbach DR, Wei AC, Chan G, Kocha W, Reid R, Wall W, Quan D, Lovrics P, Hodgson N, Ghola G, Franic S, Goldsmith C, McCready D, Cornacchi S, Garnett A, Reedijk M, Scheer AS, McSparron JI, Schulman AR, Tuorto S, Gonen M, Gonsalves J, Fong Y, Auer RAC, Francescutti V, Coates A, Thabane L, Goldsmith CH, Levine M, Simunovic M, Richardson DP, Porter G, Johnson PM, Leon-Carlyle M, Schmocker S, O'Connor BI, Victor JC, Baxter NN, Smith AJ, McLeod RS, Kennedy ED, Chan CHF, Arabzadeh A, DeMarte L, Spicer JD, Turbide C, Brodt P, Beauchemin N, Ferri LE, Zih F, Panzarella T, Hummel C, Petronis J, McCart A, Swallow C, Mathieson A, Ridgway PF, Ko YJ, Smith AJ, Gieni M, Dickson L, Sne N, Avram R, Farrokhyar F, Smith M, Giacomantonio C, Hoskin D, Doyon C, Martin G, Patocskai E, Brar SS, Wright F, Okrainec A, Smith AJ, Bischof DA, Maier B, Fitch M, Wright FC, Baliski CR, Kluftinger A, MacLeod M, Kwong S, Racz JM, Fortin A, Latosinsky S, Messenger DE, Kirsch R, McLeod RS, Aslani N, Heidary B, Prabhu KL, Raval M, Phang PT, Brow C, Richardson DP, Porter G, Johnson PM, Moloo H, Haggar F, Duhaime S, Hutton B, Grimshaw J, Coyle D, Poulin EC, Mamazza J, Boushey RP, Paun BC, Shaheen AAM, Dixon E, Maclean AR, Buie WD, Moustarah F, Talarico J, Zink J, Gatmaitan P, Schauer P, Chand B, Brethauer S, Martel G, Duhaime S, Ramsay CR, Barkun JS, Ferguson DA, Boushey RP, Palter VN, MacRae HM, Grantcharov TP, Messenger DE, Victor JC, O'Connor BI, MacRae HM, McLeod RS, Al-Sabah S, Feldman LS, Charlebois P, Stein B, Kaneva PA, Fried GM, Liberman AS, Borowiec AM, Karmal S, Apriasz I, Mysliwiec B, Hussain N, Ott M, Reynolds R, Lum A, Williams LJ, Morash R, Shin S, Smylie J, Moloo H, Auer R, Poulin EC, Mamazza J, Watters J, Fung-Kee-Fung M, Boushey RP, Pelletier JS, de Gara CJ, White J, Ghosh S, Schiller D, Drolet S, Paolucci EO, Heine J, Buie WD, Maclean AR, Barnes A, Liang S, Auer R, Moloo H, Mamazza J, Poulin EC, Boushey RP, Klevan AE, Dalvi AA, Ramsay JA, Stephen WJ, Nhan C, Driman DK, Raby M, Smith AJ, Hunter A, Srigley J, McLeod RS, Zolfaghari S, Auer R, Moloo H, Mamazza J, Friedlich M, Poulin EC, Stern HS, Boushey RP, Scheer AS, Boushey RP, Liang S, Doucette S, O'Connor AM, Moher D. Canadian Surgery Forum. Can J Surg 2010; 53:S51-S104. [PMID: 35488396 PMCID: PMC2912011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- H Atlas
- From the Department of Surgery, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montréal University, Montréal, Que
| | - N Safa
- From the Department of Surgery, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montréal University, Montréal, Que
| | - R Denis
- From the Department of Surgery, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montréal University, Montréal, Que
| | - P Garneau
- From the Department of Surgery, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montréal University, Montréal, Que
| | - F Moustarah
- From the Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, Département de chirurgie, Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Que
| | - S Marceau
- From the Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, Département de chirurgie, Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Que
| | - S Lebel
- From the Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, Département de chirurgie, Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Que
| | - L Biertho
- From the Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, Département de chirurgie, Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Que
| | - F Hould
- From the Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, Département de chirurgie, Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Que
| | - P Marceau
- From the Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, Département de chirurgie, Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Que
| | - S Biron
- From the Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, Département de chirurgie, Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Que
| | - M Anvari
- From the Departments of Surgery, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, and Anaesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - A Sharma
- From the Departments of Surgery, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, and Anaesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - C H Goldsmith
- From the Departments of Surgery, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, and Anaesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - G Lacobellis
- From the Departments of Surgery, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, and Anaesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - M Cadeddu
- From the Departments of Surgery, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, and Anaesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - M Misra
- From the Departments of Surgery, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, and Anaesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - V Taylor
- From the Departments of Surgery, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, and Anaesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - J Tarride
- From the Departments of Surgery, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, and Anaesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - E Hubert
- From the Departments of Surgery, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, and Anaesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - M Tiboni
- From the Departments of Surgery, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, and Anaesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - D Hong
- From the Departments of Surgery, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, and Anaesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - S Wiebe
- From the Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Dalhousie University, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, NS
| | - D Klassen
- From the Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Dalhousie University, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, NS
| | - J Bonjer
- From the Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Dalhousie University, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, NS
| | - D Lawlor
- From the Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Dalhousie University, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, NS
| | - J Plowman
- From the Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Dalhousie University, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, NS
| | - T Ransom
- From the Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Dalhousie University, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, NS
| | - M Vallis
- From the Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Dalhousie University, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, NS
| | - J Ellsmere
- From the Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Dalhousie University, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, NS
| | - P J Graham
- From the Department of Surgery, Regina General Hospital, Regina, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask
| | - G K Kaban
- From the Department of Surgery, Regina General Hospital, Regina, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask
| | - A Vizhul
- From the Centre for the Advancement of Minimally Invasive Surgery (CAMIS), Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - D W Birch
- From the Centre for the Advancement of Minimally Invasive Surgery (CAMIS), Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - A C Menezes
- From the Centre for the Advancement of Minimally Invasive Surgery (CAMIS), Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - X Shi
- From the Centre for the Advancement of Minimally Invasive Surgery (CAMIS), Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - S Karmali
- From the Centre for the Advancement of Minimally Invasive Surgery (CAMIS), Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - R Seth
- From the Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont
| | - L MacKenzie
- From the Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont
| | - A Kus
- From the Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont
| | - J Bell
- From the Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont
| | - M Carrier
- From the Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont
| | - H Atkins
- From the Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont
| | - R Boushey
- From the Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont
| | - R Auer
- From the Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont
| | - K P Croome
- From the Division of General Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., and the School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Mass
| | - M Yamashita
- From the Division of General Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., and the School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Mass
| | - M-A Aarts
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - A Okrainec
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - A Glicksman
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - E Pearsall
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - K Pitzul
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - H Huang
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - R S McLeod
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - K Sarkhosh
- From the Alberta Children's Hospital, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - M Robertson
- From the Alberta Children's Hospital, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - D Boctor
- From the Alberta Children's Hospital, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - V Lam
- From the Alberta Children's Hospital, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - D Sigalet
- From the Alberta Children's Hospital, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - A Johner
- From the Department of Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - J Faulds
- From the Department of Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - S M Wiseman
- From the Department of Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - J Pemberton
- From the Georgetown Public Hospital Corporation, Georgetown, Guyana, and the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - M L Gordon
- From the Georgetown Public Hospital Corporation, Georgetown, Guyana, and the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - C Prashad
- From the Georgetown Public Hospital Corporation, Georgetown, Guyana, and the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - M Rambaran
- From the Georgetown Public Hospital Corporation, Georgetown, Guyana, and the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - B Cameron
- From the Georgetown Public Hospital Corporation, Georgetown, Guyana, and the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - A Neville
- From McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | | | - Y Wei
- From McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - J O Gibbs
- From McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - D J Reda
- From McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | | | | | | | - D S Fenech
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - S Forbes
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - E Pearsall
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - J Chung
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - A Glickman
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - J C Victor
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - A Nathens
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - R S McLeod
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - G J Fitzmaurice
- From the Departments of General Surgery and Radiology, Daisy Hill Hospital, Newry, Northern Ireland
| | - F Mone
- From the Departments of General Surgery and Radiology, Daisy Hill Hospital, Newry, Northern Ireland
| | - R Brown
- From the Departments of General Surgery and Radiology, Daisy Hill Hospital, Newry, Northern Ireland
| | - B Cranley
- From the Departments of General Surgery and Radiology, Daisy Hill Hospital, Newry, Northern Ireland
| | - E F Conlon
- From the Departments of General Surgery and Radiology, Daisy Hill Hospital, Newry, Northern Ireland
| | - R A J Todd
- From the Departments of General Surgery and Radiology, Daisy Hill Hospital, Newry, Northern Ireland
| | - M E O'Donnell
- From the Departments of General Surgery and Radiology, Daisy Hill Hospital, Newry, Northern Ireland
| | - T T Tran
- From the Departments of Surgery and of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - P A Kaneva
- From the Departments of Surgery and of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - L E Finch
- From the Departments of Surgery and of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - G M Fried
- From the Departments of Surgery and of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - N E Mayo
- From the Departments of Surgery and of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - L S Feldman
- From the Departments of Surgery and of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - L VanHouwellingen
- From the Department of Surgery, Trauma Program, Division of Critical Care, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - K N Vogt
- From the Department of Surgery, Trauma Program, Division of Critical Care, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - T C Stewart
- From the Department of Surgery, Trauma Program, Division of Critical Care, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - J Williamson
- From the Department of Surgery, Trauma Program, Division of Critical Care, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - N Parry
- From the Department of Surgery, Trauma Program, Division of Critical Care, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - G DeRose
- From the Department of Surgery, Trauma Program, Division of Critical Care, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - D Gray
- From the Department of Surgery, Trauma Program, Division of Critical Care, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - S Harriman
- From the Department of Surgery, Royal University Hospital, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask
| | - N Rodych
- From the Department of Surgery, Royal University Hospital, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask
| | - P Hayes
- From the Department of Surgery, Royal University Hospital, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask
| | - M Moser
- From the Department of Surgery, Royal University Hospital, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask
| | - M H Jamal
- From the Centre for Medical Education, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - S Doi
- From the Centre for Medical Education, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - M Rousseau
- From the Centre for Medical Education, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - L Snell
- From the Centre for Medical Education, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - S Meterissian
- From the Centre for Medical Education, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - S Zolfaghari
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital - General Campus, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - M S Friedlich
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital - General Campus, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - Y Kurashima
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - S Al-Sabah
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - P A Kaneva
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - L S Feldman
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - G M Fried
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - M C Vassiliou
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - T T Tran
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - P A Kaneva
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - N E Mayo
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - G M Fried
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - L S Feldman
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - E Pearsall
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - U Sheth
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - D Fenech
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - M McKenzie
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - J C Victor
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - R S McLeod
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - I Ghaderi
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC
| | - M Vaillancourt
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC
| | - G Sroka
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC
| | - P A Kaneva
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC
| | - M C Vassiliou
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC
| | - F J Seagull
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC
| | - E Sutton
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC
| | - C Godinez
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC
| | - I George
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC
| | - A Park
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC
| | - I Choy
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC
| | - A Okrainec
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC
| | - R Brintzenhoff
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC
| | - A Prabhu
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC
| | - B T Heniford
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC
| | - D Stefanidis
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC
| | - G M Fried
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC
| | - L S Feldman
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., the University of Western Ontario, London, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., the University of Maryland, Baltimore, Md., and the Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC
| | - A Igric
- From the Department of General Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - K N Vogt
- From the Department of General Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - M Girotti
- From the Department of General Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - N G Parry
- From the Department of General Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - C Vinden
- From the Department of General Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - S H H Kim
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - N N Zhang
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - J J Russo
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - I K El-Salfiti
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - M Kowalczuk
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - A N Rajaee
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - M Bal
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - M S Gill
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - P J Lysecki
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - J Hoogenes
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - D Dath
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - A K Nassar
- From the Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., and the Department of Psychology and Counseling, United Arab Emirates University, United Arab Emirates
| | - S Reid
- From the Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., and the Department of Psychology and Counseling, United Arab Emirates University, United Arab Emirates
| | - K N Mohaisen
- From the Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., and the Department of Psychology and Counseling, United Arab Emirates University, United Arab Emirates
| | - J Winch
- From the Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., and the Department of Psychology and Counseling, United Arab Emirates University, United Arab Emirates
| | - D Omar
- From the Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., and the Department of Psychology and Counseling, United Arab Emirates University, United Arab Emirates
| | - W C Hanna
- From the Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - D S Mulder
- From the Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - M M El-Hilali
- From the Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - K A Khwaja
- From the Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - M H Jamal
- From the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - J Rayment
- From the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - S A Doi
- From the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | | | - S Meterissian
- From the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - D Tso
- From the University of British Columbia, the Division of Pediatric Surgery, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - M Langer
- From the University of British Columbia, the Division of Pediatric Surgery, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - G Blair
- From the University of British Columbia, the Division of Pediatric Surgery, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - S Butterworth
- From the University of British Columbia, the Division of Pediatric Surgery, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - M Vaillancourt
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - M C Vassiliou
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - S Bergman
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - G M Fried
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - P A Kaneva
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - L S Feldman
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - E Davenport
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - F Haggar
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - D Trottier
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - H Huynh
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - C Soto
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - F M Shamji
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - A Seely
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - S Sundaresan
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - G Pagliarello
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - S Tadros
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - J D Yelle
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - D Maziak
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - H Moloo
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - E C Poulin
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - J Mamazza
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - L M Knowlton
- From the Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard Humanitarian Initiative, Boston, Mass., the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, the Division of General Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - S Chackungal
- From the Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard Humanitarian Initiative, Boston, Mass., the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, the Division of General Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - K A MacQueen
- From the Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard Humanitarian Initiative, Boston, Mass., the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, the Division of General Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - M Anvari
- From the Departments of Surgery, Medicine, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - C Allen
- From the Departments of Surgery, Medicine, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - C Goldsmith
- From the Departments of Surgery, Medicine, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - I Ghaderi
- From the Division of General Surgery, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, Ont., and the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - A Madani
- From the Division of General Surgery, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, Ont., and the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - C de Gara
- From the Division of General Surgery, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, Ont., and the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - C M Schlachta
- From the Division of General Surgery, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, Ont., and the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - T L Zakrison
- From the Ryder Trauma Center, Jackson Memorial Hospital, University of Miami, Miami, Fla
| | - M C Tee
- From the University of British Columbia, Department of Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - S Chan
- From the University of British Columbia, Department of Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - V Nguyen
- From the University of British Columbia, Department of Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - J Yang
- From the University of British Columbia, Department of Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - D Holmes
- From the University of British Columbia, Department of Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - D Levine
- From the University of British Columbia, Department of Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - S Bugis
- From the University of British Columbia, Department of Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - S M Wiseman
- From the University of British Columbia, Department of Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - L Sandhu
- From the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - J Zhai
- From the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - E D Kennedy
- From the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - N N Baxter
- From the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - A R Gagliardi
- From the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - D R Urbach
- From the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - A C Wei
- From the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - M Sabalbal
- From the Canadian Forces Medical Service, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - V C McAlister
- From the Canadian Forces Medical Service, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - J Balayla
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - S Bergman
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - L S Feldman
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - G Ghitulescu
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - S A Fraser
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - R Daigle
- From the Department of Surgery, Victoria General Hospital, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - R Urquart
- From the Department of Surgery, Victoria General Hospital, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - M Cox
- From the Department of Surgery, Victoria General Hospital, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - E Grunfeld
- From the Department of Surgery, Victoria General Hospital, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - G Porter
- From the Department of Surgery, Victoria General Hospital, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - J Hallet
- From the Centre de chirurgie min-imalement invasive de Québec, Centre hospitalier universi-taire de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Que
| | - S Labidi
- From the Centre de chirurgie min-imalement invasive de Québec, Centre hospitalier universi-taire de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Que
| | - A Clairoux
- From the Centre de chirurgie min-imalement invasive de Québec, Centre hospitalier universi-taire de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Que
| | - J-P Gagné
- From the Centre de chirurgie min-imalement invasive de Québec, Centre hospitalier universi-taire de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Que
| | - R S Gill
- From the Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - N Manouchehri
- From the Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - J Q Liu
- From the Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - T F Lee
- From the Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - D L Bigam
- From the Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - P-Y Cheung
- From the Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - J A Van Koughnett
- From the Division of General Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, the Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - P H Colquhoun
- From the Division of General Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, the Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - M L Gordon
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - S Cornacchi
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - F Farrokhyar
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - N Hodgson
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - G Porter
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - M L Quan
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - F Wright
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - P Lovrics
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - I Datta
- From LSE Health, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK, and the Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - S S Brar
- From LSE Health, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK, and the Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - C G Ball
- From LSE Health, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK, and the Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - J A Heine
- From LSE Health, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK, and the Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - B Rothwell
- From LSE Health, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK, and the Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - M Crozier
- From the Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL
| | - H Ting
- From the Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL
| | - D Boone
- From the Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL
| | - N O'Regan
- From the Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL
| | - C Brown
- From the Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL
| | - N Bandrauk
- From the Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL
| | - J Hapgood
- From the Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL
| | - M Hogan
- From the Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL
| | - L A McDonald
- From the Departments of Surgery, Pathology and Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - S Da'as
- From the Departments of Surgery, Pathology and Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - P H B Sorensen
- From the Departments of Surgery, Pathology and Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - J N Berman
- From the Departments of Surgery, Pathology and Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - A Ameer
- From the Department of Surgery, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - M Jamal
- From the Department of Surgery, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - M Aljiffry
- From the Department of Surgery, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - S Doi
- From the Department of Surgery, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - M Hasanain
- From the Department of Surgery, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - P Chaudhury
- From the Department of Surgery, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - P Metrakos
- From the Department of Surgery, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - J Tchervenkov
- From the Department of Surgery, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - S Lapierre
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - W Mohammad
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - N Balaa
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - M Akil
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - R Mimeault
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - R Fairfull-Smith
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - B D Teague
- From the Centre for Minimal Access Surgery, St. Joseph's Healthcare, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., the Service de chirurgie générale, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que., and the Centre for Advancement of Minimally Invasive Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - M S Butler
- From the Centre for Minimal Access Surgery, St. Joseph's Healthcare, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., the Service de chirurgie générale, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que., and the Centre for Advancement of Minimally Invasive Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - P Y Garneau
- From the Centre for Minimal Access Surgery, St. Joseph's Healthcare, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., the Service de chirurgie générale, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que., and the Centre for Advancement of Minimally Invasive Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - C B Sample
- From the Centre for Minimal Access Surgery, St. Joseph's Healthcare, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., the Service de chirurgie générale, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que., and the Centre for Advancement of Minimally Invasive Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - A Kapoor
- From the Centre for Minimal Access Surgery, St. Joseph's Healthcare, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., the Service de chirurgie générale, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que., and the Centre for Advancement of Minimally Invasive Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - M O Cadeddu
- From the Centre for Minimal Access Surgery, St. Joseph's Healthcare, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., the Service de chirurgie générale, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que., and the Centre for Advancement of Minimally Invasive Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - M Anvari
- From the Centre for Minimal Access Surgery, St. Joseph's Healthcare, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., the Service de chirurgie générale, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que., and the Centre for Advancement of Minimally Invasive Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - W C Hanna
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - M H Jamal
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - L Nguyen
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - S A Fraser
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - K Kwan
- From the Department of Urologic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, the Division of Pediatric General Surgery, and the Office of Pediatric Surgical Evaluation and Innovation, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - C J D Wallis
- From the Department of Urologic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, the Division of Pediatric General Surgery, and the Office of Pediatric Surgical Evaluation and Innovation, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - S Jones
- From the Department of Urologic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, the Division of Pediatric General Surgery, and the Office of Pediatric Surgical Evaluation and Innovation, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - T Fraser
- From the Department of Urologic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, the Division of Pediatric General Surgery, and the Office of Pediatric Surgical Evaluation and Innovation, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - J Masterso
- From the Department of Urologic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, the Division of Pediatric General Surgery, and the Office of Pediatric Surgical Evaluation and Innovation, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - G Blair
- From the Department of Urologic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, the Division of Pediatric General Surgery, and the Office of Pediatric Surgical Evaluation and Innovation, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - D Duffy
- From the Department of Urologic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, the Division of Pediatric General Surgery, and the Office of Pediatric Surgical Evaluation and Innovation, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - D J Roberts
- From the Departments of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., and Emory University, Atlanta, Ga
| | - A W Kirkpatrick
- From the Departments of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., and Emory University, Atlanta, Ga
| | - I Datta
- From the Departments of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., and Emory University, Atlanta, Ga
| | - D V Feliciano
- From the Departments of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., and Emory University, Atlanta, Ga
| | - J B Kortbeek
- From the Departments of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., and Emory University, Atlanta, Ga
| | - K B Laupland
- From the Departments of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., and Emory University, Atlanta, Ga
| | - C G Ball
- From the Departments of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., and Emory University, Atlanta, Ga
| | - F Haggar
- From The Ottawa Hospital, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont
| | - E Davenport
- From The Ottawa Hospital, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont
| | - H Moloo
- From The Ottawa Hospital, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont
| | - J Mamazza
- From The Ottawa Hospital, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont
| | - N Manouchehri
- From the Departments of Surgery, Pediatrics and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - D Bigam
- From the Departments of Surgery, Pediatrics and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - T Churchill
- From the Departments of Surgery, Pediatrics and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - C Joynt
- From the Departments of Surgery, Pediatrics and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - P-Y Cheung
- From the Departments of Surgery, Pediatrics and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - R Al-Sairafi
- From the University of Alberta, Centre for the Advancement of Minimally Invasive Surgery (CAMIS), Edmonton, Alta
| | - C B Sample
- From the University of Alberta, Centre for the Advancement of Minimally Invasive Surgery (CAMIS), Edmonton, Alta
| | - F Paquette
- From the Department of Surgery, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - S A Fraser
- From the Department of Surgery, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - L S Feldman
- From the Department of Surgery, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - G M Fried
- From the Department of Surgery, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - I Weissglas
- From the Department of Surgery, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - G Ghitulescu
- From the Department of Surgery, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - S Meterissian
- From the Department of Surgery, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - S Bergman
- From the Department of Surgery, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - A Al-Dohayan
- From the Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Al-Naami
- From the Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - F Bamehriz
- From the Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Madkhali
- From the Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - J Hallet
- From the Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec, Pavillon Hôtel-Dieu-de-Québec, Québec, Que
| | - M LeBlanc
- From the Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec, Pavillon Hôtel-Dieu-de-Québec, Québec, Que
| | - A Gilbert
- From the Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec, Pavillon Hôtel-Dieu-de-Québec, Québec, Que
| | - C Daigle
- From the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, The School of Computing Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, and the University of Victoria and Locarna Systems, Inc., Victoria, BC
| | - G Tien
- From the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, The School of Computing Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, and the University of Victoria and Locarna Systems, Inc., Victoria, BC
| | - M S Atkins
- From the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, The School of Computing Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, and the University of Victoria and Locarna Systems, Inc., Victoria, BC
| | - B Zheng
- From the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, The School of Computing Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, and the University of Victoria and Locarna Systems, Inc., Victoria, BC
| | - H Tanin
- From the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, The School of Computing Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, and the University of Victoria and Locarna Systems, Inc., Victoria, BC
| | - C Swindells
- From the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, The School of Computing Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, and the University of Victoria and Locarna Systems, Inc., Victoria, BC
| | - A Meneghetti
- From the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, The School of Computing Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, and the University of Victoria and Locarna Systems, Inc., Victoria, BC
| | - O N M Panton
- From the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, The School of Computing Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, and the University of Victoria and Locarna Systems, Inc., Victoria, BC
| | - A K Qayumi
- From the Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, The School of Computing Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, and the University of Victoria and Locarna Systems, Inc., Victoria, BC
| | - M Chhiv
- From the Département de chirurgie générale, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec, Québec, Que
| | - S Drolet
- From the Département de chirurgie générale, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec, Québec, Que
| | - É Sirois-Giguère
- From the Département de chirurgie générale, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec, Québec, Que
| | - A Gilbert
- From the Département de chirurgie générale, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec, Québec, Que
| | - J D Doyle
- From the Department of Surgery and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - U Sheth
- From the Department of Surgery and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - H Huang
- From the Department of Surgery and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - E Pearsall
- From the Department of Surgery and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - R S McLeod
- From the Department of Surgery and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - A B Nathens
- From the Department of Surgery and the Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - R R Suri
- From the Departments of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - P Vora
- From the Departments of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - J M Kirby
- From the Departments of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - K Chan
- From the Departments of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - S Smith
- From the Departments of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - L Ruo
- From the Departments of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - A Faryniuk
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man
| | - D Hochman
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man
| | - C G Ball
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., the Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, and the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - A W Kirkpatrick
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., the Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, and the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - T J Broderick
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., the Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, and the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - D R Williams
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta., the Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, and the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - R Kholdebarin
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man
| | - R Helewa
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man
| | - J Bracken
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man
| | - B Zabolotny
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man
| | - D Hochman
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man
| | - S Merchant
- From the Department of General Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - M Hameed
- From the Department of General Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - A Melck
- From the Department of General Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - A L McGuire
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, and Department of Radiation Oncology, Kingston General Hospital, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont
| | - C Wilson
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, and Department of Radiation Oncology, Kingston General Hospital, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont
| | - D Mercer
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, and Department of Radiation Oncology, Kingston General Hospital, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont
| | - B Sharma
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - N Orzech
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - T Grantcharov
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - A Johner
- Department of Surgery, Vancouver General Hospital and the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - D C Taylor
- Department of Surgery, Vancouver General Hospital and the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - A K Buczkowski
- Department of Surgery, Vancouver General Hospital and the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - S W Chung
- Department of Surgery, Vancouver General Hospital and the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - K J Lumb
- Canadian Surgical Technologies and Advanced Robotics (CSTAR), Lawson Health Research Institute, and the Departments of Surgery, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - A L Trejos
- Canadian Surgical Technologies and Advanced Robotics (CSTAR), Lawson Health Research Institute, and the Departments of Surgery, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - C D W Ward
- Canadian Surgical Technologies and Advanced Robotics (CSTAR), Lawson Health Research Institute, and the Departments of Surgery, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - M D Naish
- Canadian Surgical Technologies and Advanced Robotics (CSTAR), Lawson Health Research Institute, and the Departments of Surgery, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - R V Patel
- Canadian Surgical Technologies and Advanced Robotics (CSTAR), Lawson Health Research Institute, and the Departments of Surgery, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - C M Schlachta
- Canadian Surgical Technologies and Advanced Robotics (CSTAR), Lawson Health Research Institute, and the Departments of Surgery, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - E Davenport
- From The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - F Haggar
- From The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - H Moloo
- From The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - R P Boushey
- From The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - E C Poulin
- From The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - J Mamazza
- From The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - K M Graybiel
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, Ont
| | - V T Fernandes
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, Ont
| | - J Hoogenes
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, Ont
| | - D Dath
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, Ont
| | - W Mohammad
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - D Trottier
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - K Nadolny
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - E C Poulin
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - J Mamazza
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - F Balaa
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - B Diederichs
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - S Turner
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - C de Gara
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - G A Ghitulescu
- From the Department of Surgery, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - I Filip
- From the Department of Surgery, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - S Bergman
- From the Department of Surgery, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - S Fraser
- From the Department of Surgery, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - R J Finley
- From the University of British Columbia, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - J Mayo
- From the University of British Columbia, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - J Clifton
- From the University of British Columbia, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - J Yee
- From the University of British Columbia, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - K Evans
- From the University of British Columbia, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - A MacWilliams
- From the University of British Columbia, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - S Lam
- From the University of British Columbia, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - J English
- From the University of British Columbia, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - C Finley
- From the Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - L Jacks
- From the Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - G Darling
- From the Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - W C Hanna
- From the Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - M Sudarshan
- From the Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - D Roberge
- From the Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - M David
- From the Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - K A Waschke
- From the Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - S Mayrand
- From the Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - L E Ferri
- From the Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - S Coughlin
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | | | - R Malthaner
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - H S Grover
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, William Osler Health Centre, Brampton, and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - S Basi
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, William Osler Health Centre, Brampton, and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - P Chiasson
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, William Osler Health Centre, Brampton, and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - S Basi
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, William Osler Health Centre, Brampton, and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - K Irshad
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, William Osler Health Centre, Brampton, and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | | | - K N Vogt
- From the Department of Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont
| | - R A Malthaner
- From the Department of Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont
| | - J D Spicer
- From the L.D. Maclean Surgical Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - B McDonald
- From the L.D. Maclean Surgical Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - R Perera
- From the L.D. Maclean Surgical Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - M C Rousseau
- From the L.D. Maclean Surgical Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - C H F Chan
- From the L.D. Maclean Surgical Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - R Y C Hsu
- From the L.D. Maclean Surgical Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - B Giannias
- From the L.D. Maclean Surgical Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - L E Ferri
- From the L.D. Maclean Surgical Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - S Ahmed
- From the Brown University Oncology Group, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - A E Birnbaum
- From the Brown University Oncology Group, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - D Berz
- From the Brown University Oncology Group, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - J P Fontaine
- From the Brown University Oncology Group, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - T A Dipetrillo
- From the Brown University Oncology Group, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - N E Ready
- From the Brown University Oncology Group, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - T Ng
- From the Brown University Oncology Group, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - A Alhussaini
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - M Oberoi
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - J Threader
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - J Villeneuve
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - S Gilbert
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - F M Shamji
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - S Sundaresan
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - D Maziak
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - A Seely
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - K S Rammohan
- From the Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Alberta, Institute of Health Economics, Edmonton, Alta
| | - I Hunt
- From the Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Alberta, Institute of Health Economics, Edmonton, Alta
| | - A Chuck
- From the Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Alberta, Institute of Health Economics, Edmonton, Alta
| | - S Gazala
- From the Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Alberta, Institute of Health Economics, Edmonton, Alta
| | - A Valji
- From the Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Alberta, Institute of Health Economics, Edmonton, Alta
| | - K Stewart
- From the Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Alberta, Institute of Health Economics, Edmonton, Alta
| | - E L R Bedard
- From the Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Alberta, Institute of Health Economics, Edmonton, Alta
| | - M Plourde
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont
| | - D Fortin
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont
| | - A Arab
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont
| | - R I Inculet
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont
| | - R A Malthaner
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont
| | - S C Bharadwaj
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man
| | - T Hamin
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man
| | - L A Tan
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man
| | - H W Unruh
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man
| | - S K Srinathan
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man
| | - A L McGuire
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kingston General Hospital, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont
| | - D Petsikas
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kingston General Hospital, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont
| | - K Reid
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kingston General Hospital, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont
| | - W Hopman
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kingston General Hospital, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont
| | - P Levine
- From the Department of Surgery, Montréal General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - M Rousseau
- From the Department of Surgery, Montréal General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - J Spicer
- From the Department of Surgery, Montréal General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - L E Ferri
- From the Department of Surgery, Montréal General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - A S Ashrafi
- From the Surrey Thoracic Surgery Group, Surrey Memorial Hospital, Surrey, BC
| | - R J Bond
- From the Surrey Thoracic Surgery Group, Surrey Memorial Hospital, Surrey, BC
| | - S R Ong
- From the Surrey Thoracic Surgery Group, Surrey Memorial Hospital, Surrey, BC
| | - S Y Ahmadi
- From the Surrey Thoracic Surgery Group, Surrey Memorial Hospital, Surrey, BC
| | - S L Partington
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Thoracic Surgery, the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - A J Graham
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Thoracic Surgery, the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - S Owen
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Thoracic Surgery, the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - E J Kelly
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Thoracic Surgery, the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - G Gelfand
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Thoracic Surgery, the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - S C Grondin
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Thoracic Surgery, the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - S D McFadden
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Thoracic Surgery, the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - E Oddone Paolucci
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Thoracic Surgery, the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - S G Weeks
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Thoracic Surgery, the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - P J Davis
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - M Molinari
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - T Topp
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - M J Walsh
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - E Simoneau
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Endocrinology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - M Hassanain
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Endocrinology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - T Cabrera
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Endocrinology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - P Chaudhury
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Endocrinology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - S Dumitra
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Endocrinology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - M Aljiffry
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Endocrinology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - I Feteih
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Endocrinology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - S Leduc
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Endocrinology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - J Rivera
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Endocrinology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - M Jamal
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Endocrinology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - D Valenti
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Endocrinology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - P Metrakos
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Endocrinology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - K Elgadi
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - W Cherniak
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - D Chan
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - A C Wei
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - S Gallinger
- From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - W Mohammad
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - R Mimeault
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - R Fairfull-Smith
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - R Auer
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - F Balaa
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - J Kwan
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - M Hassanain
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - P Chaudhury
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - C Dey
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - R Gadahadh
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - A Salman
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - E Simoneau
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - N Meti
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - M Aljiffry
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - M Jamal
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - T Cabrera
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - N Bouganim
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - P Kavan
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - T Alcindor
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - D Valenti
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - P Metrakos
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Radiology and Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - B Brar
- From the Department of Surgery, Foothills Hospital, Calgary, Alta
| | - F Sutherland
- From the Department of Surgery, Foothills Hospital, Calgary, Alta
| | - A Bégin
- From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que
| | - D Bourdonnais
- From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que
| | - R Lapointe
- From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que
| | - M Plasse
- From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que
| | - R Létourneau
- From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que
| | - A Roy
- From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que
| | - M Dagenais
- From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que
| | - F Vandenbroucke-Menu
- From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que
| | - A Bégin
- From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que
| | - D Bourdonnais
- From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que
| | - R Lapointe
- From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que
| | - M Plasse
- From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que
| | - R Létourneau
- From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que
| | - M Dagenais
- From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que
| | - A Roy
- From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que
| | - F Vandenbroucke-Menu
- From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que
| | - A Bégin
- From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que
| | - S Ismail
- From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que
| | - F Vandenbroucke-Menu
- From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que
| | - R Létourneau
- From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que
| | - M Plasse
- From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que
| | - A Roy
- From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que
| | - M Dagenais
- From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que
| | - R Lapointe
- From the Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Luc, CHUM, Montréal, Que
| | - E F Greco
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - S Nanji
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - S A Shah
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - A C Wei
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - P D Greig
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - S Gallinger
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - S P Cleary
- From the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - D P Al-Adra
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Alta
| | - C Anderson
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Alta
| | - S Nanji
- From the Departments of Surgery and Pathology, University Health Network, and the Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - P Ryan
- From the Departments of Surgery and Pathology, University Health Network, and the Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - M Guindi
- From the Departments of Surgery and Pathology, University Health Network, and the Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - S Selvarajah
- From the Departments of Surgery and Pathology, University Health Network, and the Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - P Greig
- From the Departments of Surgery and Pathology, University Health Network, and the Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - I McGilvray
- From the Departments of Surgery and Pathology, University Health Network, and the Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - B Taylor
- From the Departments of Surgery and Pathology, University Health Network, and the Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - A Wei
- From the Departments of Surgery and Pathology, University Health Network, and the Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - C Moulton
- From the Departments of Surgery and Pathology, University Health Network, and the Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - S P Cleary
- From the Departments of Surgery and Pathology, University Health Network, and the Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - S Gallinger
- From the Departments of Surgery and Pathology, University Health Network, and the Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - C Sandroussi
- From the Department of Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, and the Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - C Brace
- From the Department of Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, and the Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - E Kennedy
- From the Department of Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, and the Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - N Baxter
- From the Department of Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, and the Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - S Gallinger
- From the Department of Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, and the Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - A C Wei
- From the Department of Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, and the Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - T Yamashita
- From the University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - K Leslie
- From the University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - S R McLean
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - D Karsanji
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - E Dixon
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - F R Sutherland
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - O F Bathe
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - R R Suri
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - M J Marcaccio
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - L Ruo
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - M H Jamal
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., and the School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - E Simoneau
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., and the School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - J Abou Khalil
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., and the School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - M Hassanain
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., and the School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - P Chaudhury
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., and the School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - J Tchervenkov
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., and the School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - P Metrakos
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., and the School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - S A Doi
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., and the School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - J S Barkun
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que., and the School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - C Barnett
- From the Departments of Surgery and Anesthesia, McMaster University Medical Centre, Hamilton, Ont
| | - M J Marcaccio
- From the Departments of Surgery and Anesthesia, McMaster University Medical Centre, Hamilton, Ont
| | - J J Hankinson
- From the Departments of Surgery and Anesthesia, McMaster University Medical Centre, Hamilton, Ont
| | - L Ruo
- From the Departments of Surgery and Anesthesia, McMaster University Medical Centre, Hamilton, Ont
| | - A Alawashez
- From the Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - J Ellsmere
- From the Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - A Neville
- From the McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - M Boutros
- From the McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - J Barkun
- From the McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - M E Wiebe
- From the Division of General Surgery, University Health Network, and the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - L Sandhu
- From the Division of General Surgery, University Health Network, and the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - J L Takata
- From the Division of General Surgery, University Health Network, and the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - E D Kennedy
- From the Division of General Surgery, University Health Network, and the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - N N Baxter
- From the Division of General Surgery, University Health Network, and the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - A R Gagliardi
- From the Division of General Surgery, University Health Network, and the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - D R Urbach
- From the Division of General Surgery, University Health Network, and the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - A C Wei
- From the Division of General Surgery, University Health Network, and the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - G Chan
- From the Multi-Organ Transplant Program, University Hospital, London Regional Cancer Program, Victoria Hospital, London, Ont
| | - W Kocha
- From the Multi-Organ Transplant Program, University Hospital, London Regional Cancer Program, Victoria Hospital, London, Ont
| | - R Reid
- From the Multi-Organ Transplant Program, University Hospital, London Regional Cancer Program, Victoria Hospital, London, Ont
| | - W Wall
- From the Multi-Organ Transplant Program, University Hospital, London Regional Cancer Program, Victoria Hospital, London, Ont
| | - D Quan
- From the Multi-Organ Transplant Program, University Hospital, London Regional Cancer Program, Victoria Hospital, London, Ont
| | - P Lovrics
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, and the Department of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ont
| | - N Hodgson
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, and the Department of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ont
| | - G Ghola
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, and the Department of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ont
| | - S Franic
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, and the Department of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ont
| | - C Goldsmith
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, and the Department of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ont
| | - D McCready
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, and the Department of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ont
| | - S Cornacchi
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, and the Department of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ont
| | - A Garnett
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, and the Department of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ont
| | - M Reedijk
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, and the Department of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ont
| | - A S Scheer
- From the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., and the Weill Cornell Medical College, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - J I McSparron
- From the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., and the Weill Cornell Medical College, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - A R Schulman
- From the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., and the Weill Cornell Medical College, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - S Tuorto
- From the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., and the Weill Cornell Medical College, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - M Gonen
- From the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., and the Weill Cornell Medical College, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - J Gonsalves
- From the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., and the Weill Cornell Medical College, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Y Fong
- From the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., and the Weill Cornell Medical College, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - R A C Auer
- From the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., and the Weill Cornell Medical College, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - V Francescutti
- From the Department of General Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - A Coates
- From the Department of General Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - L Thabane
- From the Department of General Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - C H Goldsmith
- From the Department of General Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - M Levine
- From the Department of General Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - M Simunovic
- From the Department of General Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - D P Richardson
- From the Division of General Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - G Porter
- From the Division of General Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - P M Johnson
- From the Division of General Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - M Leon-Carlyle
- From the Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, St. Michael's Hospital, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - S Schmocker
- From the Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, St. Michael's Hospital, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - B I O'Connor
- From the Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, St. Michael's Hospital, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - J C Victor
- From the Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, St. Michael's Hospital, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - N N Baxter
- From the Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, St. Michael's Hospital, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - A J Smith
- From the Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, St. Michael's Hospital, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - R S McLeod
- From the Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, St. Michael's Hospital, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - E D Kennedy
- From the Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, St. Michael's Hospital, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - C H F Chan
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, and the Goodman Cancer Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - A Arabzadeh
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, and the Goodman Cancer Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - L DeMarte
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, and the Goodman Cancer Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - J D Spicer
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, and the Goodman Cancer Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - C Turbide
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, and the Goodman Cancer Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - P Brodt
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, and the Goodman Cancer Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - N Beauchemin
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, and the Goodman Cancer Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - L E Ferri
- From the Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, and the Goodman Cancer Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - F Zih
- From the Department of Surgical Oncology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - T Panzarella
- From the Department of Surgical Oncology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - C Hummel
- From the Department of Surgical Oncology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - J Petronis
- From the Department of Surgical Oncology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - A McCart
- From the Department of Surgical Oncology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - C Swallow
- From the Department of Surgical Oncology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - A Mathieson
- From the Departments of Surgery and Medical Oncology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Odette Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ont
| | - P F Ridgway
- From the Departments of Surgery and Medical Oncology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Odette Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ont
| | - Y J Ko
- From the Departments of Surgery and Medical Oncology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Odette Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ont
| | - A J Smith
- From the Departments of Surgery and Medical Oncology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Odette Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ont
| | - M Gieni
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - L Dickson
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - N Sne
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - R Avram
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - F Farrokhyar
- From the Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - M Smith
- From the Departments of Surgery, Microbiology and Immunology, Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Science Centres, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - C Giacomantonio
- From the Departments of Surgery, Microbiology and Immunology, Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Science Centres, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - D Hoskin
- From the Departments of Surgery, Microbiology and Immunology, Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Science Centres, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - C Doyon
- From the Département de chirurgie oncologique et hépatobiliaire, Centres hospitaliers universitaires, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que
| | - G Martin
- From the Département de chirurgie oncologique et hépatobiliaire, Centres hospitaliers universitaires, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que
| | - E Patocskai
- From the Département de chirurgie oncologique et hépatobiliaire, Centres hospitaliers universitaires, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que
| | - S S Brar
- From the London School of Economics, London, UK, and the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - F Wright
- From the London School of Economics, London, UK, and the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - A Okrainec
- From the London School of Economics, London, UK, and the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - A J Smith
- From the London School of Economics, London, UK, and the Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - D A Bischof
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - B Maier
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - M Fitch
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - F C Wright
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - C R Baliski
- From the Departments of Surgery, Surgical Oncology and Diagnostic Imaging, Kelowna General Hospital, BC Cancer Agency, Kelowna, BC
| | - A Kluftinger
- From the Departments of Surgery, Surgical Oncology and Diagnostic Imaging, Kelowna General Hospital, BC Cancer Agency, Kelowna, BC
| | - M MacLeod
- From the Departments of Surgery, Surgical Oncology and Diagnostic Imaging, Kelowna General Hospital, BC Cancer Agency, Kelowna, BC
| | - S Kwong
- From the Departments of Surgery, Surgical Oncology and Diagnostic Imaging, Kelowna General Hospital, BC Cancer Agency, Kelowna, BC
| | - J M Racz
- From the Division of General Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont
| | - A Fortin
- From the Division of General Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont
| | - S Latosinsky
- From the Division of General Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont
| | - D E Messenger
- From the Departments of General Surgery and Pathology, Dr. Zane Cohen Clinical Research Centre, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ont
| | - R Kirsch
- From the Departments of General Surgery and Pathology, Dr. Zane Cohen Clinical Research Centre, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ont
| | - R S McLeod
- From the Departments of General Surgery and Pathology, Dr. Zane Cohen Clinical Research Centre, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ont
| | - N Aslani
- From the University of British Columbia, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC
| | - B Heidary
- From the University of British Columbia, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC
| | - K Lobo Prabhu
- From the University of British Columbia, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC
| | - M Raval
- From the University of British Columbia, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC
| | - P T Phang
- From the University of British Columbia, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC
| | - C Brow
- From the University of British Columbia, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC
| | - D P Richardson
- From the Division of General Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - G Porter
- From the Division of General Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - P M Johnson
- From the Division of General Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - H Moloo
- From the Departments of Surgery and Epidemiology, The Ottawa Hospital and The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont
| | - F Haggar
- From the Departments of Surgery and Epidemiology, The Ottawa Hospital and The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont
| | - S Duhaime
- From the Departments of Surgery and Epidemiology, The Ottawa Hospital and The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont
| | - B Hutton
- From the Departments of Surgery and Epidemiology, The Ottawa Hospital and The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont
| | - J Grimshaw
- From the Departments of Surgery and Epidemiology, The Ottawa Hospital and The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont
| | - D Coyle
- From the Departments of Surgery and Epidemiology, The Ottawa Hospital and The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont
| | - E C Poulin
- From the Departments of Surgery and Epidemiology, The Ottawa Hospital and The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont
| | - J Mamazza
- From the Departments of Surgery and Epidemiology, The Ottawa Hospital and The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont
| | - R P Boushey
- From the Departments of Surgery and Epidemiology, The Ottawa Hospital and The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont
| | - B C Paun
- From the Department of Surgery, Foothills Medical Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - A A M Shaheen
- From the Department of Surgery, Foothills Medical Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - E Dixon
- From the Department of Surgery, Foothills Medical Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - A R Maclean
- From the Department of Surgery, Foothills Medical Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - W D Buie
- From the Department of Surgery, Foothills Medical Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - F Moustarah
- From the Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - J Talarico
- From the Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - J Zink
- From the Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - P Gatmaitan
- From the Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - P Schauer
- From the Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - B Chand
- From the Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - S Brethauer
- From the Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - G Martel
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., the Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK, and the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - S Duhaime
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., the Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK, and the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - C R Ramsay
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., the Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK, and the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - J S Barkun
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., the Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK, and the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - D A Ferguson
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., the Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK, and the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - R P Boushey
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., the Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK, and the Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que
| | - V N Palter
- From the Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ont
| | - H M MacRae
- From the Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ont
| | - T P Grantcharov
- From the Department of Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ont
| | - D E Messenger
- From the Department of General Surgery, Dr. Zane Cohen Clinical Research Centre, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ont
| | - J C Victor
- From the Department of General Surgery, Dr. Zane Cohen Clinical Research Centre, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ont
| | - B I O'Connor
- From the Department of General Surgery, Dr. Zane Cohen Clinical Research Centre, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ont
| | - H M MacRae
- From the Department of General Surgery, Dr. Zane Cohen Clinical Research Centre, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ont
| | - R S McLeod
- From the Department of General Surgery, Dr. Zane Cohen Clinical Research Centre, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ont
| | - S Al-Sabah
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, Section of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - L S Feldman
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, Section of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - P Charlebois
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, Section of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - B Stein
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, Section of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - P A Kaneva
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, Section of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - G M Fried
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, Section of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - A S Liberman
- From the Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, Section of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Montréal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que
| | - A M Borowiec
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - S Karmal
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - I Apriasz
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Gastroenterology and Radiology, London Health Sciences Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - B Mysliwiec
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Gastroenterology and Radiology, London Health Sciences Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - N Hussain
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Gastroenterology and Radiology, London Health Sciences Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - M Ott
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Gastroenterology and Radiology, London Health Sciences Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - R Reynolds
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Gastroenterology and Radiology, London Health Sciences Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - A Lum
- From the Departments of General Surgery, Gastroenterology and Radiology, London Health Sciences Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont
| | - L J Williams
- From the Department of Surgery, Regional Cancer Program, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - R Morash
- From the Department of Surgery, Regional Cancer Program, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - S Shin
- From the Department of Surgery, Regional Cancer Program, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - J Smylie
- From the Department of Surgery, Regional Cancer Program, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - H Moloo
- From the Department of Surgery, Regional Cancer Program, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - R Auer
- From the Department of Surgery, Regional Cancer Program, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - E C Poulin
- From the Department of Surgery, Regional Cancer Program, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - J Mamazza
- From the Department of Surgery, Regional Cancer Program, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - J Watters
- From the Department of Surgery, Regional Cancer Program, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - M Fung-Kee-Fung
- From the Department of Surgery, Regional Cancer Program, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - R P Boushey
- From the Department of Surgery, Regional Cancer Program, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - J S Pelletier
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, and the Department of Biostatistics, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alta
| | - C J de Gara
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, and the Department of Biostatistics, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alta
| | - J White
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, and the Department of Biostatistics, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alta
| | - S Ghosh
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, and the Department of Biostatistics, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alta
| | - D Schiller
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, and the Department of Biostatistics, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alta
| | - S Drolet
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - E O Paolucci
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - J Heine
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - W D Buie
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - A R Maclean
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - A Barnes
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Ottawa, and The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - S Liang
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Ottawa, and The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - R Auer
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Ottawa, and The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - H Moloo
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Ottawa, and The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - J Mamazza
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Ottawa, and The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - E C Poulin
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Ottawa, and The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - R P Boushey
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Ottawa, and The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - A E Klevan
- From the Departments of Surgery, Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - A A Dalvi
- From the Departments of Surgery, Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - J A Ramsay
- From the Departments of Surgery, Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - W J Stephen
- From the Departments of Surgery, Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont
| | - C Nhan
- From the Surgical Oncology Program, Cancer Care Ontario, Department of Pathology, University of Western Ontario, London, and the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - D K Driman
- From the Surgical Oncology Program, Cancer Care Ontario, Department of Pathology, University of Western Ontario, London, and the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - M Raby
- From the Surgical Oncology Program, Cancer Care Ontario, Department of Pathology, University of Western Ontario, London, and the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - A J Smith
- From the Surgical Oncology Program, Cancer Care Ontario, Department of Pathology, University of Western Ontario, London, and the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - A Hunter
- From the Surgical Oncology Program, Cancer Care Ontario, Department of Pathology, University of Western Ontario, London, and the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - J Srigley
- From the Surgical Oncology Program, Cancer Care Ontario, Department of Pathology, University of Western Ontario, London, and the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - R S McLeod
- From the Surgical Oncology Program, Cancer Care Ontario, Department of Pathology, University of Western Ontario, London, and the Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - S Zolfaghari
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - R Auer
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - H Moloo
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - J Mamazza
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - M Friedlich
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - E C Poulin
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - H S Stern
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - R P Boushey
- From the Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - A S Scheer
- From the Division of General Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - R P Boushey
- From the Division of General Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - S Liang
- From the Division of General Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - S Doucette
- From the Division of General Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - A M O'Connor
- From the Division of General Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
| | - D Moher
- From the Division of General Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont
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