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Gugushvili N. The Association Between Neuroticism and Problematic Social Networking Sites Use: The Role of Fear of Missing out and Self-Control. Psychol Rep 2024; 127:1727-1750. [PMID: 36427043 PMCID: PMC11191662 DOI: 10.1177/00332941221142003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Problematic use of social networking sites (SNS) has a negative impact on mental health. It has been found that people who score high on neuroticism are especially vulnerable towards engaging with SNS in a problematic way but it is not clear which psychological mechanisms explain this relationship. We addressed this issue by examining the mediating role of fear of missing out and self-control in the relationship between neuroticism and problematic SNS use. For this purpose, we conducted a cross-sectional study (n = 151, 69.5% female, Mage = 26.23, SD = 7.52) and tested for parallel mediation using structural equation modelling. Neuroticism was found to be predictive of increased levels of problematic SNS use. Moreover, neuroticism was associated with both increased levels of fear of missing out and decreased levels of self-control. However, only fear of missing out was found to robustly mediate the relationship between neuroticism and problematic use of SNS. These findings suggest that fear of missing out could be an intervention target to prevent people scoring high on neuroticism from engaging in problematic SNS use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nino Gugushvili
- Nino Gugushvili, Department of Work and Social Psychology, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, 6229, Maastricht 6200, Netherlands.
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2
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Uniyal R, Shahnawaz MG. Wellbeing and Problematic Smartphone Use: Serial Mediation of Mindfulness and Self-Compassion. Psychol Rep 2024; 127:1705-1726. [PMID: 36420682 DOI: 10.1177/00332941221141311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
The relationship between wellbeing and Problematic Smartphone Use (PSU) has been explored in the past, however, the role of the potential mediators of this association is a relatively neglected area of research. Therefore, the current study examined mindfulness and self-compassion as mediators of the relationship between wellbeing and PSU in 220 university students. WHO-5 Wellbeing Index, Mindful Attention Awareness Scale- State, Self-Compassion Scale- Short form and Smartphone Addiction Scale- Short version were used for assessing wellbeing, mindfulness, self-compassion, and PSU respectively. Wellbeing had a direct and indirect effect on PSU. In addition, results supported a serial mediation model where wellbeing was found to influence PSU via mindfulness and self-compassion in a sequential manner. The results expanded the Compensatory Internet Use Theory (CIUT) to understand PSU and have implications for the management of PSU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritika Uniyal
- Department of Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
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3
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Tang Y, Xu J, Zhao Y, Davis T, Zhang H. Parental Phubbing and Adolescent Smartphone Addiction: Depression and Perceived School Climate Matter. CYBERPSYCHOLOGY, BEHAVIOR AND SOCIAL NETWORKING 2024; 27:287-293. [PMID: 38407868 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2023.0300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the association between parental phubbing and adolescents' smartphone addiction, the mediating role of depression, and the moderating role of perceived school climate in the association. Seven hundred forty-two Chinese adolescents (Mage = 12.97, SD = 0.64, 45.55 percent female) were recruited and self-reported questionnaires were administered. Results indicated that parental phubbing was positively associated with adolescents' smartphone addiction. Depression partially mediated the above relation. Further, perceived school climate moderated the relation between parental phubbing and depression, such that the positive association between parental phubbing and depression was stronger among adolescents who perceived their school climate as more negative (vs. positive). The findings deepened our understanding of the relation between parenting behaviors and adolescents' smartphone addiction and implications for interventions and practices were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Tang
- School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingyi Xu
- Peter O'Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Yunxin Zhao
- School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Toshanna Davis
- School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
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4
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Jeong JH, Bae SM. The Relationship Between Perceived Stress and Smartphone Addiction: The Mediating Effect of Rumination and The Mediated Moderating Effect of Mindfulness. Psychiatry Investig 2024; 21:340-351. [PMID: 38695041 PMCID: PMC11065521 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2022.0288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was to examine the mediated moderation effect of mindfulness through rumination on the relationship between perceived stress and smartphone addiction. In particular, this study examined the moderating effect of mindfulness in detail by dividing it into five sub-factors. METHODS An online self-report questionnaires were conducted on 697 participants aged 20 to 59. Finally, 681 participants (male=356, female=325) were included final analysis. Moderating effect, mediated moderating effect were verified using PROCESS macro for SPSS v3.5. RESULTS First, perceived stress was positively related to smartphone addiction. Second, rumination mediated the relationship between perceived stress and smartphone addiction. Third, acting with awareness and nonjudging of experience, which are a sub-factor of mindfulness, moderated the relationship between perceived stress and smartphone addiction. Fourth, mindfulness facets (acting with awareness and nonjudging of experience) moderated the relationship between rumination and smartphone addiction. Finally, there was a mediated moderating effect of mindfulness facets (acting with awareness and nonjudging of experience) on the relationship between perceived stress and smartphone addiction through rumination. CONCLUSION This research suggests the useful and specific therapeutic interventions that help lower the level of the adults' addiction on smartphones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hyeon Jeong
- Department of Psychology, Graduate School, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Man Bae
- Department of Psychology, Graduate School, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychology and Psychotherapy, College of Health Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
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5
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Li GX, Liu L, Wang MQ, Li Y, Wu H. The longitudinal mediating effect of rumination on the relationship between depressive symptoms and problematic smartphone use in Chinese university students: A three-wave cross-lagged panel analysis. Addict Behav 2024; 150:107907. [PMID: 37984221 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2023.107907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Although previous studies have considered rumination a possible mediator of the relationship between mental health and problematic smartphone use (PSU), few prospective studies have been conducted, limiting the ability to draw causal inferences. Therefore, the current study aimed to examine the mediating role of rumination on the depression-PSU relationship using three-wave cross-lagged panel models (CLPMs) with longitudinal data. METHODS A sample of 321 medical students from China Medical University completed three waves of online measures of depressive symptoms, rumination, and PSU. The three-wave CLPMs were constructed to examine the mediating role of rumination. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that depressive symptoms were bidirectionally related to rumination, and that rumination was bidirectionally related to PSU. The reciprocal CLPM suggested that depressive symptoms at Time 1 positively affected PSU at Time 3 via rumination at Time 2. The indirect effect was significant, with a path coefficient of 0.023 (95% CI: 0.004 to 0.042). Conversely, PSU at Time 1 positively affected depressive symptoms at Time 3 via rumination at Time 2, with a path coefficient of 0.015 (95% CI: 0.001 to 0.029). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS This prospective study provided empirical evidence of the influence of depression on PSU and vice versa among Chinese university students. It also highlighted the importance of rumination in the depression-PSU relationship, revealing a bidirectional mediating role of rumination. Additional large-scale multi-wave longitudinal studies are needed to verify our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Xiao Li
- Department of Medical Record Management Center, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Health Management, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Meng-Qi Wang
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Health Management, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Ying Li
- Office of Scientific Research Management, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.
| | - Hui Wu
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Health Management, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.
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6
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Qiu R, Guo Z, Wang X, Wang X, Cheng S, Zhu X. The Relationships between Effortful Control, Mind Wandering, and Mobile Phone Addiction Based on Network Analysis. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:140. [PMID: 38255028 PMCID: PMC10815513 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12020140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevailing mobile phone use brought the problem of addiction, which might cause negative consequences. Effortful control and mind wandering were associated with addictive behavior. The present study aimed to investigate the dimension-level relationships between effortful control, mind wandering, and mobile phone addiction. METHODS A total of 1684 participants participated this study. The mobile phone addiction, effortful control, and mind wandering were measured through self-report scales, respectively. Dimension-level network of these psychological variables was estimated and bridge expected influence (BEI) values for each node was calculated. RESULTS Dimensions of mobile phone addiction, effortful control, and mind wandering exhibited distinct and complex links to each other. The node "activation control" exhibited the highest negative BEI value (BEI = -0.32), whereas "spontaneous thinking" showed the highest positive BEI value (BEI = 0.20). CONCLUSIONS Different dimensions of effortful control and mind wandering had varied yet significant connections with distinct dimensions of mobile phone addiction, facilitating understanding of the specific pathways underlying the three constructs. The identified dominant bridge nodes can provide potential targets for the intervention of mobile phone addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Xia Zhu
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China; (R.Q.); (Z.G.); (X.W.); (X.W.); (S.C.)
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Perales JC, Flayelle M, Verdejo-García A, Clark L, Billieux J. Cognitive, computational and learning processes involved in behavioral addiction: Current views and future directions. Addict Behav 2024; 148:107874. [PMID: 37821335 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2023.107874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- José C Perales
- Department of Experimental Psychology; Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), Universidad de Granada, Spain.
| | - Maèva Flayelle
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Antonio Verdejo-García
- School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Luke Clark
- Department of Psychology and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Joël Billieux
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Centre for Excessive Gambling, Addiction Medicine, Lausanne University Hospitals (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
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Korvuo T, Palomäki J, Castrén S. Dissociative experiences reduce online problem gambling treatment effectiveness. Compr Psychiatry 2023; 127:152414. [PMID: 37688936 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2023.152414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS To determine whether dissociative experiences moderate online problem gambling treatment effectiveness, and to characterize the temporal persistence of the relationship between dissociation and problem gambling. DESIGN Repeatedly measured self-report data on a guided online cognitive behavioral therapy for problem gambling collected on four occasions: before treatment, after treatment, and at 6- and 12-month follow-ups. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS The data (N = 1243, 59.2% males) were collected in Finland between 2019 and 2021. MEASUREMENTS The primary outcome variable was the self-reported level of problem gambling. The predictors were the treatment phase and dissociative experiences, their interaction, and the demographic covariates of age, education, income, and gender. FINDINGS Problem gambling scores and dissociative experiences declined significantly following treatment and remained low through the follow-ups (retention rates: 52.6% [post-treatment], 26.3% [at the 6-month follow-up], and 16.1% [at the 12-month follow-up]). However, the treatment was significantly less effective in reducing problem gambling for individuals who kept experiencing dissociation after the treatment. CONCLUSIONS Dissociation is an integral sign of problem gambling severity and sustained dissociative experiences may significantly reduce the long-term effectiveness of online problem gambling treatments. Treatment efforts should be customized to account for individual differences in dissociative tendencies, and future research should broaden the study of dissociative experiences to other behavioral addictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuire Korvuo
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jussi Palomäki
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Public Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland; Gambling Clinic, Helsinki University Hospital, Finland.
| | - Sari Castrén
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Public Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland; University of Turku, Department of Psychology and Speech-Language Pathology, Turku, Finland; University of Helsinki, Department of Medicine, Helsinki, Finland
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9
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Yang X, Ma H, Zhang L, Xue J, Hu P. Perceived Social Support, Depressive Symptoms, Self-Compassion, and Mobile Phone Addiction: A Moderated Mediation Analysis. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:769. [PMID: 37754047 PMCID: PMC10525471 DOI: 10.3390/bs13090769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The primary objective of this study is to investigate the relationships between perceived social support and mobile phone addiction, as well as the mediating effect of depressive symptoms and the moderating effect of self-compassion. METHODS A total of 874 college students completed questionnaires, including the perceived social support scale, depression-anxiety-stress scale, mobile phone addiction index, and the short form of the self-compassion scale. The participants included 202 males and 672 females, with an average age of 19.54 (SD = 2.16). RESULTS A moderated mediation analysis was conducted. The results revealed that perceived social support fully mediated the negative relationship between perceived social support and mobile phone addiction. Self-compassion attenuated the mediating effects. CONCLUSIONS The present study indicated that insufficient perceived social support may increase the risk of mobile phone addiction among college students because of the impact of depressive symptoms. However, self-compassion could buffer this adverse effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Yang
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, No. 59 Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100872, China; (X.Y.); (H.M.); (L.Z.); (J.X.)
- Department of Psychology, Tianjin University of Commerce, No. 409 Guangrong Road, Beichen District, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - Hang Ma
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, No. 59 Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100872, China; (X.Y.); (H.M.); (L.Z.); (J.X.)
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, No. 59 Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100872, China; (X.Y.); (H.M.); (L.Z.); (J.X.)
| | - Jinyang Xue
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, No. 59 Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100872, China; (X.Y.); (H.M.); (L.Z.); (J.X.)
| | - Ping Hu
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, No. 59 Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100872, China; (X.Y.); (H.M.); (L.Z.); (J.X.)
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10
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Bonnaire C, Roignot Z. Relationship Between Social Withdrawal (Hikikomori), Personality, and Coping in an Adult Population. Psychiatry Investig 2023; 20:740-749. [PMID: 37614013 PMCID: PMC10460979 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2023.0099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between personality dimensions, coping strategies, and Hikikomori while controlling for the presence of depression and anxiety. METHODS Two groups, recruited on social networks, were compared: the control group (n=101, mean age±standard deviation [SD]= 36.2±12.8 years) and the Hikikomori group (n=28, mean age±SD=30.1±9.1 years). Participants of both groups completed the Big Five Inventory, the Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. RESULTS The Hikikomori group had higher depression, anxiety, neuroticism, and dysfunctional coping dimension (self-blame and behavioral disengagement) scores than the control group. Being alone and depression were positively associated with Hikikomori while extraversion and instrumental support were negatively associated with Hikikomori. CONCLUSION These findings contribute to a better understanding of the psychological functioning of Hikikomori as well as to treatment elaboration and confirm that some psychological characteristics are transcultural.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Bonnaire
- Institute of Psychology, Laboratory of Psychopathology and Health Process, Paris Cité University, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
- Addiction Care Center Pierre Nicole, Red Cross, Paris, France
| | - Zoé Roignot
- Paris Cité University, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
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Vujić A, Volarov M, Latas M, Demetrovics Z, Kiraly O, Szabo A. Are Cyberchondria and Intolerance of Uncertainty Related to Smartphone Addiction? Int J Ment Health Addict 2023:1-19. [PMID: 37363761 PMCID: PMC10155650 DOI: 10.1007/s11469-023-01054-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Smartphones are a medium for performing online activities, and one such activity could be the compulsive online health information search - cyberchondria. This study aimed to test whether cyberchondria and intolerance of uncertainty (IU) positively predict smartphone addiction (SA), adjusted for age, gender, daily use duration, the reason for using smartphones, and symptoms of anxiety and depression. The sample consisted of 471 adults (55.2% women) from the general population without chronic diseases (Mage = 38.67). Regression analysis showed that IU was a positive predictor of SA (β = .17, p < .001), as well as cyberchondria (β = .14, p < .001), which had a unique contribution to the explanation of SA, relative to IU. Other significant predictors were average daily smartphone use and entertainment use, the latter being the strongest predictor in the model. These results revealed cyberchondria as a unique predictor of SA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandar Vujić
- Doctoral School of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Marija Volarov
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Sport and Psychology, Educons University, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Milan Latas
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zsolt Demetrovics
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Centre of Excellence in Responsible Gaming, University of Gibraltar, Gibraltar, Gibraltar
| | - Orsolya Kiraly
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Szabo
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Health Promotion and Sport Sciences, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
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12
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Mobile Phone Addiction and Sleep Quality: The Mediating Role of Anxiety and the Moderating Role of Emotion Regulation. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:bs13030250. [PMID: 36975275 PMCID: PMC10045665 DOI: 10.3390/bs13030250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Smartphones have become a fundamental tool in the daily life of mankind, but its excessive use seriously impairs people’s quality of sleep. A specific state of emotion has been shown to play a crucial role in the relationship between mobile phone addiction (MPA) and the sleep quality of college students. However, studies have rarely considered top-down emotion regulation. This study is the first to examine the effects of MPA on the sleep quality of Chinese college students from a top-down emotion regulation perspective. The survey sample comprised 1559 university students (40.73% male; M (SD) age = 19.11 (1.22) years) who completed questionnaires on MPA, sleep quality, anxiety and emotion regulation. The results revealed that (1) Anxiety mediated the relationship between MPA and sleep quality; (2) Cognitive reappraisal (CR) negatively moderated the relationship between MPA and anxiety; and (3) Expressive suppression (ES) positively moderated the relationship between MPA and anxiety. These findings reveal the mechanism of sleep problems in Chinese college students. We provide research ideas and method guidance for the follow-up intervention and treatment of college students’ sleep problems.
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Şimşek OM, Kaya AB, Çevık O, Koçak O. How is the problematic smartphone use affected by social support? A research model supported by the mediation of Ikigai. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2023; 43:1-16. [PMID: 36845209 PMCID: PMC9938517 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-023-04362-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
Social support and ikigai (making life worthwhile) have positive effects on problematic smartphone use and are seen to be related to each other. However, what mediates these relationships has not been adequately analyzed. This study aims to examine how the effect between social support and problematic smartphone use occurs by suggesting the mediator role of ikigai. The study was designed as quantitative and cross-sectional, and 1189 university participants aged 18 and over were reached online. The multidimensional scale of perceived social support, ikigai-9 scale, smartphone application-based addiction scale and sociodemographic information form were used as data collection tools in the study. The data obtained were carried out using SPSS 24 and Amos 25 statistical programs. Established hypotheses were tested with correlation, multiple regression and mediation analyzes. The results confirmed that social support was positively associated with ikigai, and ikigai was negatively associated with problematic smartphone use. In addition, interaction analyzes found that ikigai had a mediating effect. These findings show the importance of implementing specific applications based on the meaning and purpose of life (ikigai), especially for vulnerable groups, to minimize the problems that may arise with the excessive use of smartphones.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aysel Basmaci Kaya
- Institute of Graduate Studies, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, 34320 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Orhan Çevık
- Institute of Graduate Studies, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, 34320 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Orhan Koçak
- Department of Social Work, Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, 34320 Istanbul, Turkey
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14
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Cheng M, Chen L, Pan Q, Gao Y, Li J. E-sports playing and its relation to lifestyle behaviors and psychological well-being: A large-scale study of collegiate e-sports players in China. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2023; 51:101731. [PMID: 36716672 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2023.101731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The research on e-sports mainly concerns the relationship between game playing behavior and Internet addiction, especially among college students. It remained a question of how college students' e-sports playing was associated with their lifestyle behaviors and psychological well-being in China. OBJECTIVES Our study aimed to explore whether collegiate e-sports players' e-sports participation behaviors differ across demographic backgrounds and how their e-sports playing relates to their lifestyle behaviors and psychological well-being. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 1441 collegiate e-sports players in China. The demographic characteristics of collegiate e-sports players were explored. The Bivariate Person correlation, linear and Tobit regression analyses were used to examine how students' e-sports playing was related to their lifestyle behaviors (i.e., sleep quality and physical activity) and psychological well-being (mobile phone addiction, online game addiction, satisfaction with life, and perceived stress). RESULTS The results of independent t-test and ANOVA analyses revealed that students from different grades, majors, family residences, and family structures differed in their e-sports participation behaviors. The results of linear regression and Tobit regression analyses also revealed that students' e-sports participation behaviors were related to their lifestyle behaviors and psychological well-being, except for sleep quality and mobile phone addiction. It is noteworthy that the length of time in playing e-sports and e-sports consumption was related to different lifestyle behaviors and psychological well-being. CONCLUSION The findings demonstrated that e-sports playing had penetrated college students' daily life. Appropriate time arrangement and rational e-sports consumption are crucial in promoting a healthy lifestyle and psychological well-being among college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaoting Cheng
- Department of Educational Technology, Faculty of Education, Shenzhen University, 3688 Nanhai Avenue, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Lu Chen
- School of Journalism and Communication, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Qianqian Pan
- Centre for Research in Pedagogy and Practice, Office of Education Research, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, NIE5-B3-57, 1 Nanyang Walk, 639798, Singapore.
| | - Yaying Gao
- Department of Educational Technology, Faculty of Education, Shenzhen University, 3688 Nanhai Avenue, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Jinming Li
- Department of Educational Technology, Faculty of Education & Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, Shenzhen University, No. 3688 Nanhai Avenue, Shenzhen, China.
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15
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Hamonniere T, Billieux J. Individually delivered mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in concomitant problematic substance use and emotional symptoms: A process-based case study. Clin Psychol Psychother 2023. [PMID: 36639943 DOI: 10.1002/cpp.2827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The process-based approach assumes that transdiagnostic psychological processes are involved in the onset and maintenance of mental disorders. Case conceptualization is used to identify such psychological processes and to individualize the intervention accordingly. This approach is fundamentally different from syndrome-based approaches in which standardized treatments are administered for psychiatric diagnoses or symptoms. In the current case, we proposed a process-based conceptualization and treatment for a woman with concomitant problematic substance use and emotional symptoms. Our idiosyncratic process-based conceptualization showed that for this person, substance abuse consisted in a maladaptive coping strategy to deal with repetitive negative thinking and poor emotion regulation skills, for which we decided to use a mindfulness-based intervention. Treatment comprised 8 weeks of individually delivered mindfulness-based cognitive therapy sessions. A comprehensive assessment of psychiatric symptoms and psychological processes was conducted at baseline, post-intervention and 3-month follow-up. The post-treatment assessment revealed that psychological processes targeted by the intervention were improved, together with the mindfulness trait. At the symptom-based level, we observed a significant reduction in substance abuse and emotional symptoms. Treatment gains were maintained at follow-up. From a process-based perspective, this result implies that the intervention successfully targeted the psychological processes underlying the presenting symptoms. Adopting a process-based approach rather than symptom- or syndrome-based approaches is a valuable alternative in the conceptualization and treatment of complex cases presenting with multiple comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joël Billieux
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Centre for Excessive Gambling, Addiction Medicine, Lausanne University Hospitals (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
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Wan X, Huang H, Jia R, Liang D, Lu G, Chen C. Association between mobile phone addiction and social support among mainland Chinese teenagers: A meta-analysis. Front Public Health 2022; 10:911560. [PMID: 36589942 PMCID: PMC9798221 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.911560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mobile phone addiction brings many adverse effects to teenagers, such as physical health problems, emotional problems, and academic failure, and studies have found that social support is an important influencing factor. Therefore, considering institutional, cultural and economic differences, we aimed to investigate the association between mobile phone addiction and social support among mainland Chinese teenagers, and explored the moderators affecting the relation. Methods Based on the PRISMA method, a meta-analysis was applied to quantitatively synthesize relevant findings to obtain reliable estimates of effect sizes and conduct moderator analyses. Results In total, 92 studies involving 59,716 participants and 92 effect sizes were identified by a systematic literature search. A significant low degree of negative correlation was found between mobile phone addiction and social support (r = -0.174, 95%CI = -0.213 to -0.134, p < 0.001, I 2 = 96.1%). Moreover, the present meta-analysis observed significant moderating effects of participants' gender, and region on the association between social support and mobile phone addiction. Conclusion This study suggests that the mobile phone addiction level of teenagers could be reduced by increasing social support, and actions to improve their social support levels should be proposed based on their gender and regional differences. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021276672.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wan
- Institute of Nursing and Health, College of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Haitao Huang
- Institute of Nursing and Health, College of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Ruiying Jia
- Institute of Nursing and Health, College of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Dandan Liang
- Institute of Nursing and Health, College of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Guangli Lu
- Institute of Business Administration, School of Business, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Chaoran Chen
- Institute of Nursing and Health, College of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China,*Correspondence: Chaoran Chen
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The relationship between problematic internet use and anxiety disorder symptoms in youth: Specificity of the type of application and gender. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2022.107604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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18
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Gugushvili N, Täht K, Ruiter RAC, Verduyn P. Facebook use intensity and depressive symptoms: a moderated mediation model of problematic Facebook use, age, neuroticism, and extraversion. BMC Psychol 2022; 10:279. [PMID: 36443819 PMCID: PMC9703698 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-022-00990-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research on the relationship between Facebook use intensity and depressive symptoms has resulted in mixed findings. In contrast, problematic Facebook use has been found to be a robust predictor of depressive symptoms. This suggests that when intense Facebook use results in a problematic usage pattern, it may indirectly predict depressive symptoms. However, this mediation pathway has never been examined. Moreover, it remains unclear whether the possible indirect relationship between Facebook use intensity and depressive symptoms through problematic Facebook use is moderated by demographic (age), and personality (neuroticism and extraversion) characteristics. METHODS To address these gaps, we conducted an online cross-sectional study (n = 210, 55% female, age range: 18-70 years old, Mage = 30.26, SD = 12.25). We measured Facebook use intensity (Facebook Intensity Scale), problematic Facebook use (Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale), depressive symptoms (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale Revised), and neuroticism and extraversion (Ten Item Personality Inventory). RESULTS A mediation analysis revealed that problematic Facebook use fully mediates the relationship between Facebook use intensity and depressive symptoms. Moreover, a moderated mediation analysis demonstrated that this indirect relationship is especially strong among young users and users scoring high on neuroticism. CONCLUSIONS These findings expand our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the relationship between Facebook use intensity and depressive symptoms and describe user characteristics that act as vulnerability factors in this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nino Gugushvili
- grid.10939.320000 0001 0943 7661Department of Individual and Social Psychology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia ,grid.5012.60000 0001 0481 6099Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Karin Täht
- grid.10939.320000 0001 0943 7661Department of Individual and Social Psychology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Robert A. C. Ruiter
- grid.5012.60000 0001 0481 6099Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Philippe Verduyn
- grid.5012.60000 0001 0481 6099Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
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Schimmenti A, Billieux J, Santoro G, Casale S, Starcevic V. A trauma model of substance use: Elaboration and preliminary validation. Addict Behav 2022; 134:107431. [PMID: 35905595 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2022.107431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
The current study expands on and integrates previous theoretical models concerning the pathways that link child maltreatment to substance use disorder. The proposed model, based on the self-medication hypothesis, suggests that experiences of neglect and abuse during childhood can lead to substance use and abuse both directly and indirectly, via dissociation resulting from failed attempts to integrate experiences of maltreatment in childhood. The model was tested on ten substances (painkillers, stimulants, sedatives, marijuana, cocaine, ecstasy, hallucinogens, heroin, inhalants, and methamphetamine) via structural equation modeling (SEM) in a sample comprising 1040 community-dwelling adults (67 % women) aged between 18 and 78 (M = 29.55, SD = 11.37). Fit indexes of the SEM were good, thus supporting the hypothesized model. Specific forms of child maltreatment were related to increased use of specific substances; however, experience of childhood neglect (both physical and emotional) was found to have a central role in predicting use of most substances. Although no single pathway can fully explain the origins of substance abuse, the current study provides evidence of a critical developmental pathway to it, with implications for theory and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Schimmenti
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, UKE - Kore University of Enna, Cittadella Universitaria, 94100 Enna, Italy.
| | - Joël Billieux
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Géopolis CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland; Center for Excessive Gambling, Addiction Medicine, Lausanne University Hospitals (CHUV), CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Gianluca Santoro
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, UKE - Kore University of Enna, Cittadella Universitaria, 94100 Enna, Italy.
| | - Silvia Casale
- Department of Health Sciences, Psychology Unit, University of Florence, Via di San Salvi12, 50135 Florence, Italy.
| | - Vladan Starcevic
- University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney Medical School, Nepean Clinical School, PO Box 63, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia.
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Pourafshari R, Rezapour T, Rafei P, Hatami J. The Role of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress in Problematic Smartphone Use among a Large Sample of Iranian Population. JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2022.100436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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21
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Negative Affect and Problematic Binge-Watching: The Mediating Role of Unconstructive Ruminative Thinking Style. Psychol Belg 2022; 62:272-285. [PMID: 36246519 PMCID: PMC9524295 DOI: 10.5334/pb.1163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The practice of binge-watching (i.e., watching multiple episodes of TV series in one session) has become increasingly prevalent, but comprehending its nature and potential underlying factors has been challenging. In particular, problematic binge-watching remains ill-defined and conceptualized, being regarded either as an addictive behaviour or a maladaptive emotion regulation strategy. Following a process-based approach, in the current study we explored the latter conceptualization, by investigating the potential mediating role of an unconstructive ruminative thinking style between negative affect and problematic binge-watching. To this end, TV series viewers completed an online survey assessing socio-demographic variables, TV series viewing habits, binge-watching motives and engagement, ruminative thinking styles and affect. Based on their answers, participants were allocated to one of the following three groups: non-binge-watchers (n = 59), trouble-free binge-watchers (n = 85), or problematic binge-watchers (n = 162). Group comparisons and mediation analyses were conducted to explore the underlying role of unconstructive rumination in problematic binge-watching. Results showed that, apart from the pattern of TV series watching, trouble-free binge-watchers shared little to no similarity with problematic binge-watchers, therefore supporting the need to differentiate these two behaviours. Moreover, mediation analyses revealed that an unconstructive ruminative thinking style partially mediated the relationship between negative affect and coping/escapism and that it fully accounted for the relationship between negative affect and binge-watching derived positive emotions in problematic binge-watchers. These findings thus add to the notion that problematic binge-watching might serve as a way to bolster a maladaptive emotion regulation strategy, implying that unconstructive rumination acts as a mediating process in this context.
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22
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Liu M, Lu C. Mobile phone addiction and depressive symptoms among Chinese University students: The mediating role of sleep disturbances and the moderating role of gender. Front Public Health 2022; 10:965135. [PMID: 36203678 PMCID: PMC9531624 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.965135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background With the continuous updating of mobile phone functions, the phenomenon of mobile phone addiction among University students is becoming more and more serious. It is important to identify the potential risk factors for mobile phone addiction. The aim of the study was to examine whether there is a relationship between mobile phone addiction and depression symptoms in University students, and to investigate whether sleep disturbances play a mediating role between mobile phone addiction and depression symptoms, as well as the moderating role of gender. Methods A cross-sectional study, carried out between September to December 2021, recruited 973 students (478 males) from seven comprehensive universities in western China. The Mobile Phone Addiction Index (MPAI), the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ9), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were used to complete measures of mobile phone addiction, depressive symptoms, and sleep disturbances. For statistical analyses, descriptive statistics, correlation, regression, mediation and moderated mediation analyses were used. Furthermore, we tested the mediation model and moderated mediation model using the SPSS macro PROCESS. Results In this study, it was found that there were positive correlations between mobile phone addiction and depressive symptoms among Chinese University students. Mediation analyses revealed that this relationship was partially mediated by sleep disturbances, but the mediating role was not moderated by gender. Conclusion Sleep disturbances have a partial mediating role in the relationship between mobile phone addiction and depressive symptoms. Our results highlight the critical role of prevention and early identification of mobile phone addiction among University students, especially those with sleep disturbances.
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Bonnaire C, Billieux J. A process-based analysis of the pathways model of problem gambling through clinical case formulations. INTERNATIONAL GAMBLING STUDIES 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/14459795.2022.2102203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Céline Bonnaire
- Université Paris Cité, Laboratoire de Psychopathologie et Processus de Santé, F-92100 Boulogne-Billancourt, France
- Centre Pierre Nicole, “Consultation Jeunes Consommateurs”, Croix-Rouge Française, Paris, France
| | - Joël Billieux
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Centre for Excessive Gambling, Addiction Medicine, Lausanne University Hospitals (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
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Castro-Calvo J, Flayelle M, Perales JC, Brand M, Potenza MN, Billieux J. Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder should not be classified by solely relying on component/symptomatic features •. J Behav Addict 2022; 11:210-215. [PMID: 35895452 PMCID: PMC9295252 DOI: 10.1556/2006.2022.00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The paper by Sassover and Weinstein (2022) contributes to a timely and complex debate related to the classification of Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder (CSBD). The recent inclusion of CSBD as an impulse-control disorder in the ICD-11 has generated debate since a competitive view is that CSBD should rather be classified as an addictive disorder. Sassover and Weinstein (2022) reviewed existing evidence and concluded it does not support the conceptualization of CSBD as an addictive disorder. Although we agree regarding the relevance and timely nature of considering the classification of CSBD, we respectfully disagree with the position that relying on the components model of addiction (Griffiths, 2005) is the optimal approach for determining whether or not CSBD is an addictive disorder. In this commentary, we discuss potential pitfalls of relying on the components model to conceptualize CSBD as an addictive disorder and argue that considering a process-based approach is important for advancing this timely debate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Castro-Calvo
- Department of Personality, Assessment, and Psychological Treatments, University of Valencia, Spain
- Corresponding authors. E-mail: ,
| | - Maèva Flayelle
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - José C. Perales
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), Universidad de Granada, Spain
| | - Matthias Brand
- General Psychology: Cognition and Center for Behavioral Addiction Research (CeBAR), University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Marc N. Potenza
- Department of Psychiatry and the Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Neuroscience and the Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT, USA
- The Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling, Wethersfield, CT 06109, USA
| | - Joël Billieux
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Centre for Excessive Gambling, Addiction Medicine, Lausanne University Hospitals (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Corresponding authors. E-mail: ,
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Eoh Y, Lee E, Park SH. The Relationship between Children's School Adaptation, Academic Achievement, Happiness, and Problematic Smartphone Usage: A Multiple Informant Moderated Mediating Model. APPLIED RESEARCH IN QUALITY OF LIFE 2022; 17:3579-3593. [PMID: 35813891 PMCID: PMC9257116 DOI: 10.1007/s11482-022-10080-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The school environment is a primary realm of life for school-aged children and thus their adaptation to school and academic performance may affect their degree of happiness. The age of smartphone users has declined, and problematic smartphone usage has widely expanded such that young children are also affected by such devices. This study assessed adaptation to school, academic achievement, problematic smartphone usage, and general happiness in a panel data sample of 695 Korean 10-year-old children and their teachers and mothers, and a moderated mediation model of these variables was tested. Results revealed that school adaptation affected general happiness of children through academic performance, and problematic smartphone usage demonstrated significant moderating effects on the relationship between school adaptation and academic achievement. Specifically, in children with a high level of adaptation to school life, the difference in problematic smartphone usage did not affect academic performance. However, lower level of adaptation led to greater differences in academic performance depending on problematic smartphone usage, and children with high problematic smartphone usage showed poorer academic performance. This study is meaningful because variables related to adaptation of 10-year-old children were collected from multiple informants. In addition, this study focused on general happiness, a positive factor, as the outcome variable to test the effects of variables related to school and problematic smartphone usage. Limitations include that a causal relationship cannot be examined, and qualitative differences in smartphone usage were not measured. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11482-022-10080-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yookyung Eoh
- Department of Psychology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Suhdaemun-gu, 03722 Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunsik Lee
- Department of Psychology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Park
- Department of Psychology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
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Ran G, Li J, Zhang Q, Niu X. The association between social anxiety and mobile phone addiction: A three-level meta-analysis. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2022.107198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Teacher-student relationships and smartphone addiction: the roles of achievement goal orientation and psychological resilience. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-02902-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Brevers D, Maurage P, Kohut T, Perales JC, Billieux J. On the pitfalls of conceptualizing excessive physical exercise as an addictive disorder: Commentary on Dinardi et al. (2021). J Behav Addict 2022; 11:234-239. [PMID: 35234660 PMCID: PMC9295221 DOI: 10.1556/2006.2022.00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This commentary challenges some of the proposals made in the opinion paper entitled "The expanded interactional model of exercise addiction" by Dinardi, Egorov, and Szabo (2021). We first question the usefulness of the (expanded) interactional model of exercise addiction to determine the psychological processes underlying distress and functional impairment in excessive physical exercise. We then consider the authors' use of the Self-Determination Theory to model exercise addiction, which risks the misclassification of strenuous, but adaptive, patterns of physical exercise as exercise addiction. We finally address broader concerns regarding the idea that maladaptive exercising could be conceptualized as an addictive disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Brevers
- Psychological Sciences Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
- Institute for Health and Behaviour, Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Pierre Maurage
- Psychological Sciences Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Taylor Kohut
- Psychological Sciences Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - José C. Perales
- Mind, Brain, and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Joël Billieux
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Centre for Excessive Gambling, Addiction Medicine, Lausanne University Hospitals (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
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Zou L, Wu X, Tao S, Yang Y, Zhang Q, Hong X, Xie Y, Li T, Zheng S, Tao F. Neural Correlates of Physical Activity Moderate the Association Between Problematic Mobile Phone Use and Psychological Symptoms. Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 15:749194. [PMID: 35177970 PMCID: PMC8843836 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2021.749194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundDespite the evidence of an association between problematic mobile phone use (PMPU) and psychological symptoms, a few studies explore whether physical activity (PA) could moderate the effect of PMPU on psychological symptoms and its neural substrates. The aim of this study was to examine the association between PMPU and psychological symptoms in late adolescents, along with the potential moderating effect of PA and neural basis by brain gray matter volume (GMV).MethodsA total of 251 college students reported on their PMPU, PA, and psychological symptoms and subsequently underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging to explore the neural basis of their PA characteristics. A multiple regression model was performed to detect brain GMV associated with PA by the voxel-based morphometry (VBM) method. Moderating analysis was conducted using PROCESS macro in the SPSS software.ResultsBehavioral results showed that PMPU was correlated to depression, anxiety, and stress, and PA has significantly moderated the association between PMPU with depression, anxiety, and stress. The VBM analysis showed that PA was correlated to GMV of the right fusiform gyrus (FFG), left precuneus (PCUN), left insula (INS), and left triangular part of inferior frontal gyrus (IFGtriang). Moreover, GMV of the left INS moderated the relationship between PMPU and depression.ConclusionThis study has shed light on the neural perspective of PA that moderates the relationship between PMPU and depressive symptom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Zou
- Department of Radiology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Hefei, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, China
| | - Shuman Tao
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yajuan Yang
- School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | | | - Xuedong Hong
- Ping An Healthcare Diagnostics Center, Hefei, China
| | - Yang Xie
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, China
| | - Suisheng Zheng
- Ping An Healthcare Diagnostics Center, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Suisheng Zheng,
| | - Fangbiao Tao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Hefei, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, China
- Fangbiao Tao, ; orcid.org/0000-0003-4807-9670
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Zou L, Wu X, Tao S, Yang Y, Zhang Q, Hong X, Xie Y, Li T, Zheng S, Tao F. Functional connectivity between the parahippocampal gyrus and the middle temporal gyrus moderates the relationship between problematic mobile phone use and depressive symptoms: Evidence from a longitudinal study. J Behav Addict 2022; 11:40-48. [PMID: 35049522 PMCID: PMC9109627 DOI: 10.1556/2006.2021.00090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Problematic mobile phone use (PMPU) is prevalent and increases the risk for a variety of health problems. However, few studies have explored the neural mechanisms that might render adolescents more or less vulnerable. Here, we aimed to identify whether PMPU is associated with depressive symptoms and whether this relationship is moderated by intrinsic functional connectivity (iFC) which is associated with PMPU. METHODS In this longitudinal study, we included 238 students (mean age = 19.05, SD = 0.81) that came from a university in Hefei, China. They all finished MRI scans at baseline and completed questionnaires both at baseline and 1 year later. A self-rating questionnaire for adolescent problematic mobile phone use and depression anxiety stress scale-21 were used to assess PMPU and depressive symptoms. We first assessed the relationship between PMPU and depressive symptoms using an autoregressive cross-lagged model. Then, we detected the brain regions that were associated with PMPU. Moreover, the neuroimaging results were extracted to explore whether the iFC of these brain regions moderated the relationship between PMPU and depression. RESULTS Consistent with our hypotheses, PMPU was positively associated with depressive symptoms, and the relationship between PMPU and depressive symptoms was moderated by iFC of the left parahippocampal gyrus-right middle temporal gyrus both at baseline and after 1 year (β = 0.554, P = 0.003; β = 0.463, P = 0.016, respectively). CONCLUSIONS These results advance the understanding of PMPU and suggest that iFC of the left parahippocampal gyrus-right middle temporal gyrus may be a neurobiological contributor to its relationship with depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Zou
- Department of Radiology, the Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No 678 Furong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China,MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China,Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China,MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China,NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, PR China,Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Shuman Tao
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No 678 Furong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Yajuan Yang
- School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, No 15 Feicui Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Qingjun Zhang
- Ping An Healthcare Diagnostics Center, Hefei, 230000, Anhui, China
| | - Xuedong Hong
- Ping An Healthcare Diagnostics Center, Hefei, 230000, Anhui, China
| | - Yang Xie
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China,MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China,Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China,MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China,Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Suisheng Zheng
- Ping An Healthcare Diagnostics Center, Hefei, 230000, Anhui, China,Corresponding authors. E-mail: ,
| | - Fangbiao Tao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China,MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China,NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, PR China,Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China,Corresponding authors. E-mail: ,
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Sun C, Sun B, Lin Y, Zhou H. Problematic Mobile Phone Use Increases with the Fear of Missing Out Among College Students: The Effects of Self-Control, Perceived Social Support and Future Orientation. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2022; 15:1-8. [PMID: 35018126 PMCID: PMC8742619 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s345650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mobile phones bring much convenience to college students' lives, but they also cause problems. Few studies have explored the effect of the fear of missing out (FoMO) on problematic mobile phone use among college students. This study tested the mediating effect of self-control in the relationship between FoMO and problematic mobile phone use. It also explored the moderating roles of perceived social support and future orientation in the relationship between these variables. METHODS A cross-sectional design was used in this study. Materials include the Fear of Missing Out Scale, Perceived Social Support Scale, Self-control Scale (Chinese version), Mobile Phone Addiction Index, and Consideration of Future Consequences Scale. Of 3606 participants, 3189 completed the questionnaire. SPSS 21 was used to analyze the mediation and moderation effects. RESULTS The results showed that problematic mobile phone use was positively predicted by FoMO. The relationship between FoMO and problematic mobile phone use was partially mediated by self-control. When the scores of perceived social support and future orientation were high, the negative effect of FoMO on problematic mobile phone use was reduced. CONCLUSION The negative effect of FoMO on problematic mobile phone use through self-control was moderated by perceived social support and future orientation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changkang Sun
- College of Teacher Education, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Binghai Sun
- College of Teacher Education, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yishan Lin
- College of Teacher Education, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Jinhua Advanced Research Institute, Jinhua, 321004, People’s Republic of China
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Musetti A, Manari T, Billieux J, Starcevic V, Schimmenti A. Problematic social networking sites use and attachment: A systematic review. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2022.107199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Kent S, Masterson C, Ali R, Parsons CE, Bewick BM. Digital Intervention for Problematic Smartphone Use. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182413165. [PMID: 34948774 PMCID: PMC8701454 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182413165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Smartphones have become the primary devices for accessing the online world. The potential for smartphone use to become problematic has come into increasing focus. Students and young adults have been shown to use their smartphones at high rates and may be at risk for problematic use. There is limited research evaluating interventions for problematic smartphone use. The present research aimed to develop and evaluate a digital intervention for problematic smartphone use in a student population. A mixed-method case series design was used. The participants were 10 students with mild–moderate dependency on the online world (measured via a self-report questionnaire). An intervention comprising goal setting, personalised feedback, mindfulness, and behavioural suggestions was delivered via a smartphone application. Time spent on smartphones was measured objectively through the same application. Changes in problematic technology use, wellbeing, mindfulness, and sleep were also evaluated. The findings indicate that the intervention resulted in a reduction in self-reported problematic smartphone use, but not screen time. The findings also indicate that over the course of participation, there was a positive influence on wellbeing, online dependency, mindfulness, and sleep. However, the mechanisms of change could not be determined. The study provides preliminary evidence that a light-touch, smartphone-delivered package is an acceptable and effective intervention for students wishing to better manage their problematic smartphone use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Kent
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK;
- Correspondence: (S.K.); (B.M.B.)
| | | | - Raian Ali
- College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar;
| | - Christine E. Parsons
- Interacting Minds Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark;
| | - Bridgette M. Bewick
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK;
- Correspondence: (S.K.); (B.M.B.)
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Gupta AK, Upreti D, Shrestha S, Sawant S, Karki U, Shoib S. Adolescent-parent conflict in the era of ‘TikTok’: Case reports from Nepal. JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2021.100219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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MacDonald KB, Schermer JA. Loneliness unlocked: Associations with smartphone use and personality. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2021; 221:103454. [PMID: 34844066 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2021.103454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Communication and relationships have been dramatically altered among emerging adults thanks to the rapid adoption of the smartphone in just over a decade. Studying the effects of evolving personal technology helps researchers understand both the detriments of widespread adoption and the benefits that accompany the technology. One such area of concern is the relationship of technology with loneliness. Emerging adulthood is described as the period of transition from adolescence to adulthood, taking place from age 18-25. This period is characterized by change, exploration, but also a vulnerability to psychological distress. Young adults are not only at greater risk of loneliness compared to other developmental stages, but report greater distress about being lonely (Rokach, 2000). Previous research has found support for the hypothesis that use of social communication on the Internet has a bidirectional relationship with loneliness (Nowland et al., 2018); use of the Internet can support relationships and decrease loneliness, but if used as a compensation for social skill deficits, the Internet can also displace quality time spent in relationships, and thereby increase loneliness. This study examines loneliness and its relationship with smartphone use, while also accounting for individual differences in facets of neuroticism, communication apprehension, emotional support, and nomophobia for emerging adults. Participants (N = 302; MAGE = 18.85) completed self-report measures of loneliness and the individual differences variables. They also reported average daily smartphone data of screen time, pickups, and application (app) use, which was measured by their personal devices. Correlations indicated loneliness was positively associated with screen time, social media app use, neuroticism, social recognition, communication anxiety, and nomophobia. Loneliness was negatively associated with smartphone pickups, communication application use, need for affiliation, and emotional support. A regression analysis revealed that neuroticism, need for affiliation, social recognition, emotional support, and smartphone pickups were significant predictors of loneliness, when taking into account all the individual difference and smartphone use variables. Neuroticism and loneliness have a strong relationship, but a hierarchical regression showed that over and above neuroticism and its facets, smartphone screen time and pickups predict loneliness. Overall, the results for this sample of emerging adults supported the hypotheses by Nowland et al. (2018) about social use of the Internet, but applied to smartphone use. More time spent on one's smartphone and on social media apps is related to increased loneliness, and is discussed in context of identity development. More frequent use (pickups) and use of communication apps is related to decreased loneliness and is discussed with respect to development of relationship intimacy. These results suggest that loneliness in young adults is related to different types of smartphone use, even when accounting for stable characteristics such as personality. Finally, neuroticism remains a significant variable in understanding loneliness, and further examination of lower-order facets help define a more nuanced profile in individual differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristi Baerg MacDonald
- Department of Psychology, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St., London, Ontario N6A 5C2, Canada.
| | - Julie Aitken Schermer
- Department of Psychology, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St., London, Ontario N6A 5C2, Canada.
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Costanzo A, Santoro G, Russo S, Cassarà MS, Midolo LR, Billieux J, Schimmenti A. Attached to Virtual Dreams: The Mediating Role of Maladaptive Daydreaming in the Relationship Between Attachment Styles and Problematic Social Media Use. J Nerv Ment Dis 2021; 209:656-664. [PMID: 34448734 DOI: 10.1097/nmd.0000000000001356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Maladaptive daydreaming describes excessive fantasy activity that interferes with an individual's life. Surprisingly, the precursors of maladaptive daydreaming and its role in excessive involvement in virtual worlds have been scarcely investigated. In the current study, we examined the relationships among attachment styles, maladaptive daydreaming, and problematic social media use (PSMU) in a sample of community-dwelling adults. Eight hundred seventy-seven participants between 18 and 68 years old were recruited via an online survey and asked to fill out self-reported measures on attachment styles, maladaptive daydreaming, and PSMU. Mediation analyses showed that maladaptive daydreaming is a significant mediator in the relationships between preoccupied and fearful attachment styles and PSMU, suggesting that maladaptive daydreaming partly explains the established link between insecure attachment styles and excessive use of social media. Individuals with PSMU fostered by maladaptive daydreaming may benefit from clinical interventions that promote the use of adaptive regulatory strategies to develop feelings of security and self-confidence that may serve to reduce the excessive involvement in social media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Costanzo
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, Kore University of Enna (UKE), Cittadella Universitaria, Enna (EN), Italy
| | - Gianluca Santoro
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, Kore University of Enna (UKE), Cittadella Universitaria, Enna (EN), Italy
| | - Santi Russo
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, Kore University of Enna (UKE), Cittadella Universitaria, Enna (EN), Italy
| | - Maria Silvia Cassarà
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, Kore University of Enna (UKE), Cittadella Universitaria, Enna (EN), Italy
| | - Laura Rosa Midolo
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, Kore University of Enna (UKE), Cittadella Universitaria, Enna (EN), Italy
| | - Joël Billieux
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Adriano Schimmenti
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, Kore University of Enna (UKE), Cittadella Universitaria, Enna (EN), Italy
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Zou L, Wu X, Tao S, Yang Y, Zhang Q, Hong X, Xie Y, Li T, Zheng S, Tao F. Anterior cingulate gyrus acts as a moderator of the relationship between problematic mobile phone use and depressive symptoms in college students. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2021; 16:484-491. [PMID: 33522589 PMCID: PMC8094992 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsab016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the brain grey matter volume (GMV) related to problematic mobile phone use (PMPU), and whether these regions of GMV play a potential moderating role in the relationship between PMPU and depressive symptoms. We recruited 266 students who underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanning. PMPU and depressive symptoms were assessed by a self-rating questionnaire for adolescent PMPU and patient health questionnaire-9, respectively. A multiple regression model was performed to detect GMV and white matter (WM) integrity associated with PMPU by voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) methods, and the moderating analysis was conducted by PROCESS using SPSS software. VBM analysis found an inverse correlation between the GMV of the anterior cingulate gyrus (ACC) and right fusiform gyrus (FFG) with PMPU (PFDR < 0.05), and TBSS analysis revealed that fractional anisotropy (FA) in the body of the corpus callosum was negatively correlated with PMPU. The correlation between PMPU and depressive symptoms was moderated by the GMV of the ACC. These results suggest that the GMV of the ACC and right FFG, as well as FA in the body of the corpus callosum, was related to PMPU, and we further found that increased GMV of the ACC could reduce the relationship between PMPU and depressive symptoms in college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Zou
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China.,MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China.,Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China.,MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China.,Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Shuman Tao
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Yajuan Yang
- School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Qingjun Zhang
- Ping An Healthcare Diagnostics Center, Hefei, Anhui 230000, China
| | - Xuedong Hong
- Ping An Healthcare Diagnostics Center, Hefei, Anhui 230000, China
| | - Yang Xie
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China.,MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China.,Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China.,MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China.,Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Suisheng Zheng
- Ping An Healthcare Diagnostics Center, Hefei, Anhui 230000, China
| | - Fangbiao Tao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China.,MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China.,Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
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38
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Gupta M, Sharma A. Fear of missing out: A brief overview of origin, theoretical underpinnings and relationship with mental health. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9:4881-4889. [PMID: 34307542 PMCID: PMC8283615 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i19.4881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fear of missing out (FoMO) is a unique term introduced in 2004 to describe a phenomenon observed on social networking sites. FoMO includes two processes; firstly, perception of missing out, followed up with a compulsive behavior to maintain these social connections. We are interested in understanding the complex construct of FoMO and its relations to the need to belong and form stable interpersonal relationships. It is associated with a range of negative life experiences and feelings, due to it being considered a problematic attachment to social media. We have provided a general review of the literature and have summarized the findings in relation to mental health, social functioning, sleep, academic performance and productivity, neuro-developmental disorders, and physical well-being. We have also discussed the treatment options available for FoMo based on cognitive behavior therapy. It imperative that new findings on FoMO are communicated to the clinical community as it has diagnostic implications and could be a confounding variable in those who do not respond to treatment as usual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayank Gupta
- Clarion Psychiatric Center and Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Clarion, PA 16214, United States
| | - Aditya Sharma
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
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Fischer‐Grote L, Kothgassner OD, Felnhofer A. The impact of problematic smartphone use on children's and adolescents' quality of life: A systematic review. Acta Paediatr 2021; 110:1417-1424. [PMID: 33305437 PMCID: PMC8246779 DOI: 10.1111/apa.15714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM To provide a systematic review on studies examining problematic smartphone (PSU) use in children and adolescents, and its impact on quality of life, life satisfaction, and well-being. METHODS An extensive literature search was conducted in Google Scholar, Scopus and Pubmed. RESULTS The search yielded k = 9 articles for which inclusion criteria were met. Five studies examined health-related or overall quality of life, two assessed life satisfaction, and two evaluated well-being in relation to PSU. Negative associations between PSU and the outcome variables were reported almost consistently, with one study yielding only a trend for a negative correlation of PSU with life satisfaction, and one study finding no significant correlation regarding quality of life. Comparability between studies was impeded by the scarcity of studies which met inclusion criteria and by the use of different measures. CONCLUSION More research is needed regarding PSU and the outcome variables in children and adolescents. Also, a distinct and consistent theoretical conceptualisation of PSU is required to replicate findings, and to enhance comparability between studies. Based on the trend reported here, the development of customised, early on interventions for children and adolescents at risk of PSU is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Fischer‐Grote
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Oswald D. Kothgassner
- Department of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Anna Felnhofer
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
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40
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Cassú-Ponsatí D, Pedrero-Pérez EJ, Morales-Alonso S, Ruiz-Sánchez de León JM. Impulsivity-Compulsivity Axis: Evidence of Its Clinical Validity to Individually Classify Subjects on the Use/Abuse of Information and Communication Technologies. Front Psychol 2021; 12:647682. [PMID: 33889117 PMCID: PMC8056074 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.647682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The compulsive habit model proposed by Everitt and Robbins has accumulated important empirical evidence. One of their proposals is the existence of an axis, on which each a person with a particular addiction can be located depending on the evolutionary moment of his/her addictive process. The objective of the present study is to contribute in addressing the identification of such axis, as few studies related to it have been published to date. To do so, the use/abuse of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) was quantified on an initial sample of 807 subjects. Questionnaires were also delivered to measure impulsivity, compulsivity and symptoms of prefrontal dysfunction. Evidence of the existence of the proposed axis was obtained by means of Machine Learning techniques, thus allowing the classification of each subject along the continuum. The present study provides preliminary evidence of the existence of the Impulsivity-Compulsivity axis, as well as an IT tool so that each patient that starts getting treatment for an addiction can be statistically classified as “impulsive” or “compulsive.” This would allow the matching of each person with the most appropriate treatment depending on his/her moment in the addiction/abuse process, thus facilitating the individualized design of each therapeutic process and a possible improvement of the results of the treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sara Morales-Alonso
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Cognitive Processes and Speech Therapy, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - José María Ruiz-Sánchez de León
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Cognitive Processes and Speech Therapy, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Kircaburun K, Balta S, Emirtekin E, Tosuntas ŞB, Demetrovics Z, Griffiths MD. Compensatory Usage of the Internet: The Case of Mukbang Watching on YouTube. Psychiatry Investig 2021; 18:269-276. [PMID: 33849247 PMCID: PMC8103015 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2019.0340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Accumulating empirical research has emphasized that a wide range of online activities-such as using social networking sites-can be performed in order to compensate unattained needs or to cope with negative affect and psychopathological symptoms. Although the correlates of problematic social networking use have been extensively investigated, less is known about problematic YouTube use (PYU), an umbrella term grouping a number of different activities (e.g., viewing of online video games, watching specific YouTube channels). Furthermore, nothing is known concerning increasingly popular and distinct YouTube-related activities such as mukbang watching (i.e., watching livestream "eating broadcasts" where someone eats various foods in front of the camera while interacting with viewers). The aim of the present study was to examine the mediating role of problematic mukbang watching (PMW) on the relationships between depression and loneliness with PYU. METHODS An online survey that comprised assessment tools for aforementioned variables was administered to 217 mukbang viewers (mean age=20.58 years, range 18-33 years). RESULTS Results indicated that PMW was positively related to loneliness and PYU. Depression was positively and directly associated with PYU but was not associated with PMW. CONCLUSION Further research is required to better understand the psychological processes underlying problematic mukbang watching and its association with other mental health conditions (e.g., addictive disorders, eating disorders).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kagan Kircaburun
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK.,Educational Sciences Department, Duzce University, Duzce, Turkey
| | - Sabah Balta
- School of Applied Sciences, Yaşar University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Emrah Emirtekin
- The Centre for Open and Distance Learning, Yaşar University, İzmir, Turkey
| | | | - Zsolt Demetrovics
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mark D Griffiths
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
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Vally Z, Alghraibeh AM, Elhai JD. Severity of depression and anxiety in relation to problematic smartphone use in the United Arab Emirates: The mediational roles of rumination and fear of missing out. HUMAN BEHAVIOR AND EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/hbe2.259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zahir Vally
- Department of Clinical Psychology United Arab Emirates University Al Ain UAE
- Wolfson College University of Oxford Oxford UK
| | | | - Jon D. Elhai
- Department of Psychology University of Toledo Toledo Ohio USA
- Department of Psychiatry University of Toledo Toledo Ohio USA
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Cerutti R, Presaghi F, Spensieri V, Fontana A, Amendola S. Adaptation and Psychometric Analysis of the Test of Mobile Phone Dependence-Brief Version in Italian Adolescents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:2612. [PMID: 33807794 PMCID: PMC7967521 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18052612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Since the diffusion of recent models of mobile phones, anyone with an internet connection can communicate continuously and search for information. This raises some questions about the possible consequences of problematic mobile phone use (PMPU) in a complex life phase such as adolescence. Therefore, we performed a psychometric analysis of the brief version of the Test of Mobile Phone Dependence (TMD) in Italy. The sample comprised 575 Italian adolescents aged 11 to 18 years. Data were collected using the TMD-brief, the Personality Inventory for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) and the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Sleep Disturbance Short Form. Regarding test dimensionality, the best-fit measurement model included four factors: "Abstinence"; "Abuse and interference with other activities"; "Tolerance"; and "Lack of control" (Satorra-Bentler χ2 (48) = 185.96, p < 0.01; robust root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.079 (90% confidence interval (CI): 0.067; 0.091); robust TLI = 0.904; robust comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.930). The Italian version of the TMD-brief was found to have good reliability and psychometric properties, and a four-factorial structure. PMPU predicted significant sleep disturbances and this relationship was moderated by clinical personality traits. Findings from this study support the use of the Italian version of the TMD-brief as a screening tool to investigate PMPU in Italian adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Cerutti
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (V.S.); (S.A.)
| | - Fabio Presaghi
- Department of Psychology of Developmental and Social Processes, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Valentina Spensieri
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (V.S.); (S.A.)
| | - Andrea Fontana
- Department of Human Sciences, LUMSA University, 00193 Rome, Italy;
| | - Simone Amendola
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (V.S.); (S.A.)
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Annoni AM, Petrocchi S, Camerini AL, Marciano L. The Relationship between Social Anxiety, Smartphone Use, Dispositional Trust, and Problematic Smartphone Use: A Moderated Mediation Model. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18052452. [PMID: 33801510 PMCID: PMC7967585 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18052452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pervasiveness of smartphones has raised concerns about an increase in the prevalence of problematic smartphone use (PSU), which depends on a set of psychological and behavioral risk factors. Previous research has yielded mixed results on factors predicting PSU, including social anxiety and trust. In particular, the role of trust remained largely unexplored. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between social anxiety and PSU, via the mediating role of time spent on the phone, and to explore the moderating role of dispositional trust toward others, by using a moderated mediation model with PSU as the outcome. METHODS A total of 240 young adults (Mage = 23.33, SD = 3.90, 50% male) answered an online questionnaire, which included the 12-item Social Anxiety Scale, a question on the daily duration of smartphone use, a single-item measure of dispositional trust, and the 10-item Smartphone Addiction Scale Short Version. Gender and occupational status were included as covariates. RESULTS Social anxiety was significantly and positively related to PSU; however, smartphone use did not mediate this relationship. Although the relationship between smartphone use and PSU was significant and positive, the link between social anxiety and smartphone use was not. Dispositional trust moderated and strengthened the direct relationships between social anxiety and PSU as well as smartphone use and PSU. CONCLUSIONS Heavy smartphone users as well as socially anxious individuals, with the tendency of trusting others, are more at risk of PSU, which can be explained by their preference and search for online connections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Annoni
- Institute of Public Health, Università della Svizzera italiana, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland;
- Competence Centre on Ageing, Department of Business Economics, Health and Social Care, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, 6928 Manno, Switzerland
- Correspondence:
| | - Serena Petrocchi
- Faculty of Communication, Culture and Society, Università della Svizzera italiana, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland; (S.P.); (L.M.)
| | - Anne-Linda Camerini
- Institute of Public Health, Università della Svizzera italiana, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland;
- Faculty of Communication, Culture and Society, Università della Svizzera italiana, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland; (S.P.); (L.M.)
| | - Laura Marciano
- Faculty of Communication, Culture and Society, Università della Svizzera italiana, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland; (S.P.); (L.M.)
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Horwood S, Anglim J. Self and other ratings of problematic smartphone use: The role of personality and relationship type. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2020.106634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Masood A, Luqman A, Feng Y, Ali A. Adverse consequences of excessive social networking site use on academic performance: Explaining underlying mechanism from stress perspective. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2020.106476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Sleepless due to social media? Investigating problematic sleep due to social media and social media sleep hygiene. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2020.106487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Hamonniere T, Laqueille X, Vorspan F, Dereux A, Illel K, Varescon I. Toward a better understanding of the influence of repetitive negative thinking in alcohol use disorder: An examination of moderation effect of metacognitive beliefs and gender. Addict Behav 2020; 111:106561. [PMID: 32739590 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Repetitive negative thinking (RNT), the most studied forms of which are depressive ruminations and anxious worry, is a unique transdiagnostic process responsible for the development and maintenance of many mental disorders. Over the past decade, studies have shown that RNT could be involved in the development and maintenance of alcohol use disorder (AUD). However, to date, little is known about the factors that can influence this relationship, even though some theoretical and empirical arguments suggest that variables such as gender or metacognitive beliefs may determine the role of RNT in the onset of symptoms. The aim of the present study was to test the moderation effect of metacognitive beliefs and gender in the relationship between RNT and AUD. Eighty-one AUD patients were administered measures of AUD severity, RNT, metacognitive beliefs about thinking and alcohol use, anxiety, and depression. Results indicated that the 'capture mental resources' factor of RNT is a significant predictor of AUD severity, independent from anxiety and depression, and that this effect is moderated by metacognitive beliefs and gender. RNT is a significant predictor of AUD severity only for people with high negative beliefs about thoughts regarding uncontrollability and danger. Furthermore, RNT was found to predict AUD severity only for men with high beliefs about the need to control thoughts and for men with high positive beliefs about emotional self-regulation. Treatments that reduce attentional impairments caused by RNT and modify dysfunctional metacognitive beliefs could be promising for some patients with AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tristan Hamonniere
- Université de Paris, LPPS, F-92100 Boulogne-Billancourt, France; Clinique Médical et Pédagogique Dupré, Fondation Santé des Étudiants de France, Sceaux, France.
| | - Xavier Laqueille
- Service d'Addictologie « Moreau de Tours », Centre Hospitalier Sainte Anne, GHU Paris Psychiatrie & Neurosciences, Paris, France; Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris, Site Cochin, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Florence Vorspan
- Département de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, Hôpital Fernand Widal, APHP.NORD, 200 rue du Fg St Denis, 75010 Paris, France; Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris, Site Villemin, 75010 Paris, France; INSERM UMRS 1144 Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Alexandra Dereux
- Département de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, Hôpital Fernand Widal, APHP.NORD, 200 rue du Fg St Denis, 75010 Paris, France; INSERM UMRS 1144 Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Katia Illel
- Service d'Addictologie « Moreau de Tours », Centre Hospitalier Sainte Anne, GHU Paris Psychiatrie & Neurosciences, Paris, France
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Kildahl N, Hansen S, Brevers D, Skewes J. Individual differences in learning during decision-making may predict specific harms associated with gambling. Addict Behav 2020; 110:106496. [PMID: 32563860 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Problem gambling has been linked to impairments in decision-making under uncertainty. Problem gamblers are more likely to favor high-risk, high-reward, and short-term gains over more advantageous choice alternatives, and this preference has been linked to impaired learning about decision outcomes. In this paper we link specific learning processes in decision-making to specific harms related to problem gambling. We asked a group of 140 casual gamblers to 1) perform a canonical decision-making task (the Iowa Gambling Task) online, and 2) to complete a self-report survey (the GamTest) designed to measure self-perceived harm caused by their gambling. We used a reinforcement learning model to explain individual differences in the decision task, and related individuals' model parameters to the specific problem areas reported using the questionnaire. We found that people who learned more from gains than from losses on the task were more likely to report overall gambling problems, and problems specifically related to money. We also found that people whose learning was more driven by the frequency of rewards were more likely to report problems related to the amount of time spent gambling, as well as social problems. We discuss possible psychological and neural processes mediating learning and gambling related harms, and we discuss the relevance of our approach to the diagnosis of problem gambling and its consequences.
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