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Guan Y, Chang K, Su Y, Xu X, Xu X. Frustrated Lewis Pair-Type Reactivity of Intermolecular Rare-Earth Aryloxide and N-Heterocyclic Carbene/Olefin Combinations. Chem Asian J 2024; 19:e202400190. [PMID: 38451014 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202400190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
This work reports the cooperative reactivity of rare-earth aryloxide complexes with N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) or N-heterocyclic olefin (NHO), showcasing their synergistic effect on the activation of H2 and diverse organic substrates. Reactions of RE(OAr)3 (RE=La, Sm, and Y; Ar=2,6-tBu2-C6H3) with unsaturated NHC ItBu (:C[N(R)CH]2, R=tBu) isolated abnormally bound RE metal NHC complexes RE/aNHC. In contrast, no metal-NHO adducts were formed when RE(OAr)3 were treated with NHO (R2C=C[N(R)C(R)]2, R=CH3). Both RE/aNHC and RE/NHO Lewis pairs enabled cooperative H2 activation. Furthermore, RE(OAr)3 were found to catalyze the hydrogenation of the exocyclic C=C double bond of NHO under mild conditions. Moreover, treatment of the La/aNHC complex with benzaldehyde produced a La/C4 1,2-addition product. The La/NHO Lewis pair could react with (trimethylsilyl)diazomethane and α, β-conjugated imine, affording an isocyanotrimethylsilyl lanthanum amide complex and a La/C 1,4-addition product, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Guan
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, P. R. China
| | - Kejian Chang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yujie Su
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xian Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, P. R. China
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2
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Ariai J, Ziegler M, Würtele C, Gellrich U. An N-Heterocyclic Quinodimethane: A Strong Organic Lewis Base Exhibiting Diradical Reactivity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202316720. [PMID: 38088219 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202316720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
We report the preparation of a new organic σ-donor with a C6H4-linker between an N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) and an exocyclic methylidene group, which we term N-heterocyclic quinodimethane (NHQ). The aromatization of the C6H4-linker provides a decisive driving force for the reaction of the NHQ with an electrophile and renders the NHQ significantly more basic than analogous NHCs or N-heterocyclic olefins (NHOs), as shown by DFT computations and competition experiments. In solution, the NHQ undergoes an unprecedented dehydrogenative head-to-head dimerization by C-C coupling of the methylidene groups. DFT computations indicate that this reaction proceeds via an open-shell singlet pathway revealing the diradical character of the NHQ. The product of this dimerization can be described as conjugated N-heterocyclic bis-quinodimethane, which according to cyclic voltammetry is a strong organic reducing agent (E1/2=-1.71 V vs. Fc/Fc+) and exhibits a remarkable small singlet-triplet gap of ΔES→T=4.4 kcal mol-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jama Ariai
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Gießen, Germany
| | - Maya Ziegler
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Gießen, Germany
| | - Christian Würtele
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Gießen, Germany
| | - Urs Gellrich
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Gießen, Germany
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3
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Wu J, Niu J, Hou L, Cheng S, Xie R, Zhu N. Highly Efficient Thiolate-Based Ionic Liquid Catalysts for Reduction of CO 2: Selective N-Functionalization of Amines to Form N-Formamides and N-Methylamines. Chemistry 2024:e202304315. [PMID: 38581408 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202304315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Developing efficient catalysts to convert CO2 into value-added chemicals is valuable for reducing carbon emissions. Herein, a kind of novel thiolate-based ionic liquid with sulfur as the active site was designed and synthesized, which served as highly efficient catalyst for the reductive N-functionalization of CO2 by amines and hydrosilane. By adjusting the CO2 pressure, various N-formamides and N-methylamines were selectively obtained in high yields. Remarkably, at the catalyst loading of 0.1 mol %, the N-formylation reaction of N-methylaniline exhibited an impressive turnover frequency (TOF) up to 600 h-1, which could be attributed to the roles of the ionic liquids in activating hydrosilane and amine. In addition, control experiments and NMR monitoring experiments provided evidence that the reduction of CO2 by hydrosilane yielded formoxysilane intermediates that subsequently reacted with amines to form N-formylated products. Alternatively, the formoxysilane intermediates could further react with hydrosilane and amine to produce 4-electron-reduced aminal products. These aminal products served as crucial intermediates in the N-methylation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiakai Wu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Aimin street 49, 010051, Xincheng District, Hohhot, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of CO2 Resource Utilization at, Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Aimin street 49, 010051, Xincheng District, Hohhot, P. R. China
- Inner Mongolia Engineering Research Center for CO2 Capture and Utilization, Aimin street 49, 010051, Xincheng District, Hohhot, P. R. China
| | - Junping Niu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Aimin street 49, 010051, Xincheng District, Hohhot, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of CO2 Resource Utilization at, Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Aimin street 49, 010051, Xincheng District, Hohhot, P. R. China
- Inner Mongolia Engineering Research Center for CO2 Capture and Utilization, Aimin street 49, 010051, Xincheng District, Hohhot, P. R. China
| | - Lu Hou
- College of Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Aimin street 49, 010051, Xincheng District, Hohhot, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of CO2 Resource Utilization at, Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Aimin street 49, 010051, Xincheng District, Hohhot, P. R. China
- Inner Mongolia Engineering Research Center for CO2 Capture and Utilization, Aimin street 49, 010051, Xincheng District, Hohhot, P. R. China
| | - Siliu Cheng
- College of Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Aimin street 49, 010051, Xincheng District, Hohhot, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of CO2 Resource Utilization at, Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Aimin street 49, 010051, Xincheng District, Hohhot, P. R. China
- Inner Mongolia Engineering Research Center for CO2 Capture and Utilization, Aimin street 49, 010051, Xincheng District, Hohhot, P. R. China
| | - Ruijun Xie
- College of Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Aimin street 49, 010051, Xincheng District, Hohhot, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of CO2 Resource Utilization at, Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Aimin street 49, 010051, Xincheng District, Hohhot, P. R. China
- Inner Mongolia Engineering Research Center for CO2 Capture and Utilization, Aimin street 49, 010051, Xincheng District, Hohhot, P. R. China
| | - Ning Zhu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Aimin street 49, 010051, Xincheng District, Hohhot, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of CO2 Resource Utilization at, Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Aimin street 49, 010051, Xincheng District, Hohhot, P. R. China
- Inner Mongolia Engineering Research Center for CO2 Capture and Utilization, Aimin street 49, 010051, Xincheng District, Hohhot, P. R. China
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4
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Khezeli F, Plaisance C. Computational Design of an Electro-Organocatalyst for Conversion of CO 2 into Formaldehyde. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:1576-1592. [PMID: 38412517 PMCID: PMC10926098 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c07806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Density functional theory calculations employing a hybrid implicit/explicit solvation method were used to explore a new strategy for electrochemical conversion of CO2 using an electro-organocatalyst. A particular structural motif is identified that consists of an electron-rich vicinal enediamine (>N-C═C-N<) backbone, which is capable of activating CO2 by the formation of a C-C bond while subsequently facilitating the transfer of electrons from a chemically inert cathode to ultimately produce formaldehyde. Unlike transition metal-based electrocatalysts, the electro-organocatalyst is not constrained by scaling relations between the formation energies of activated CO2 and adsorbed CO, nor is it expected to be active for the competing hydrogen evolution reaction. The rate-limiting steps are found to occur during two proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) sequences and are associated with the transfer of a proton from a proton transfer mediator to a carbon atom on the electro-organocatalyst. The difficulty of this step in the second PCET sequence necessitates an electrode potential of -0.85 V vs RHE to achieve the maximum turnover frequency. In addition, it is postulated that the electro-organocatalyst should also be capable of forming long-chain aldehydes by successively carrying out reductive aldol condensation to grow the alkyl chain one carbon at a time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Foroogh Khezeli
- Cain Department
of Chemical
Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Craig Plaisance
- Cain Department
of Chemical
Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
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5
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Rajendran NM, Lu Q, Bouffard J. A Facile Preparation of N-Heterocyclic Olefins: Ring-Opening Polymerization of β-Butyrolactone and Frustrated Lewis Pair Reactivity. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303358. [PMID: 38109087 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
A direct synthesis of N-heterocyclic olefins (NHOs) and their mesoionic congeners (mNHOs) from N-heterocyclic carbenes and N-aziridinylimines is reported. The reaction provided diverse functionalized (m)NHOs and π-extended analogues. The prepared NHOs initiated the ring-opening polymerization of β-butyrolactone, and insertion of aldehyde and nitrile into an NHO-B(C6 F5 )3 adduct was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qi Lu
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Korea
| | - Jean Bouffard
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Korea
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6
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Berg I, Schio L, Reitz J, Molteni E, Lahav L, Bolaños CG, Goldoni A, Grazioli C, Fratesi G, Hansmann MM, Floreano L, Gross E. Self-Assembled Monolayers of N-Heterocyclic Olefins on Au(111). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202311832. [PMID: 37743324 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202311832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of N-heterocyclic olefins (NHOs) have been prepared on Au(111) and their thermal stability, adsorption geometry, and molecular order were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, polarized X-ray absorption spectroscopy, scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The strong σ-bond character of NHO anchoring to Au induced high geometrical flexibility that enabled a flat-lying adsorption geometry via coordination to a gold adatom. The flat-lying adsorption geometry was utilized to further increase the surface interaction of the NHO monolayer by backbone functionalization with methyl groups that induced high thermal stability and a large impact on work-function values, which outperformed that of N-heterocyclic carbenes. STM measurements, supported by DFT modeling, identified that the NHOs were self-assembled in dimers, trimers, and tetramers constructed of two, three, and four complexes of NHO-Au-adatom. This self-assembly pattern was correlated to strong NHO-Au interactions and steric hindrance between adsorbates, demonstrating the crucial influence of the carbon-metal σ-bond on monolayer properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Berg
- Institute of Chemistry and The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
| | - Luca Schio
- CNR-IOM, Laboratorio TASC, Basovizza SS-14, Km 163.5, Trieste, 34012, Italy
| | - Justus Reitz
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Elena Molteni
- Dipartimento di Fisica "Aldo Pontremoli'' Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 16, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Linoy Lahav
- Institute of Chemistry and The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
| | | | - Andrea Goldoni
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A, Basovizza SS-14, Km 163.5, Trieste, 34149, Italy
| | - Cesare Grazioli
- CNR-IOM, Laboratorio TASC, Basovizza SS-14, Km 163.5, Trieste, 34012, Italy
| | - Guido Fratesi
- Dipartimento di Fisica "Aldo Pontremoli'' Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 16, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Max M Hansmann
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Luca Floreano
- CNR-IOM, Laboratorio TASC, Basovizza SS-14, Km 163.5, Trieste, 34012, Italy
| | - Elad Gross
- Institute of Chemistry and The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
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7
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G M, Sharma D, Dandela R, Dhayalan V. Synthetic Strategies of N-Heterocyclic Olefin (NHOs) and Their Recent Application of Organocatalytic Reactions and Beyond. Chemistry 2023:e202302106. [PMID: 37605950 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
N-heterocyclic olefin (NHO) derivatives have an electron-rich as well as highly polarized carabon-carbon (C=C) double bond because of the electron-donating nature of nitrogen and sulphur atoms. While NHOs have been developing as novel organocatalysts and ligands for transition-metal complexes in various organic compound syntheses, different research groups are currently interested in preparing imidazole and triazolium-based chiral NHO catalysts. Some of them have been used for enantioselective organic transformations, but were still elusive. N-heterocyclic olefins, the alkylidene derivatives of N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHC), have shown promising results as effective promoters for numerous organic syntheses such as asymmetric catalysis, hydroborylation, hydrosilylation, reduction, CO2 sequestration, alkylation, cycloaddition, polymerization and the ring-opening reaction of aziridine and epoxides, esterification, C-F bond functionalization, amine coupling, trifluoromethyl thiolation, amination etc. NHOs catalysts with suitable structures can serve as a novel class of Lewis/Bronsted bases with strong basicity and high nucleophilicity properties.These facts strongly suggest their enormous chemical potential as sustainable catalysts for a wide variety of reactions in synthetic chemistry. The synthesis of NHOs and their properties are briefly reviewed in this article, along with a summary of the imidazole and triazole core of NHOs' most recent catalytic uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahantesh G
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Puducherry, Karaikal, 609609, Union Territory Puducherry, India
| | - Deepika Sharma
- Department of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Indian oil Odisha Campus, IIT, Kharagpur extension Centre Mouza Samantpuri, Bhubaneswar, 751013, Odisha, India
| | - Rambabu Dandela
- Department of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Indian oil Odisha Campus, IIT, Kharagpur extension Centre Mouza Samantpuri, Bhubaneswar, 751013, Odisha, India
| | - Vasudevan Dhayalan
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Puducherry, Karaikal, 609609, Union Territory Puducherry, India
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8
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Biller H, Strassner T. Synthesis and Physical Properties of Tunable Aryl Alkyl Ionic Liquids (TAAILs) Comprising Imidazolium Cations Blocked with Methyl-, Propyl- and Phenyl-Groups at the C2 Position. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202202795. [PMID: 36508719 PMCID: PMC10107658 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Imidazolium-based ionic liquids are very popular for different applications because of their low viscosity and melting point. However, the hydrogen atom at the C2 position of the imidazolium cation can easily be deprotonated by a base, resulting in a reactive carbene. If an inert ionic liquid is needed, it is necessary to introduce an unreactive alkyl or aryl group at the C2 position to prevent deprotonation. Tunable aryl alkyl ionic liquids (TAAILs) were first introduced by our group in 2009 and are characterized by a phenyl group at the N1 position, which offers the possibility to fine-tune the physicochemical properties by using different electron-donating or -withdrawing substituents. In this work, we present a new series of TAAILs where the C2 position is blocked by a methyl, propyl or phenyl group. For each of the blocking groups, the phenyl and three different phenyl derivatives (2-Me, 4-OMe, 2,4-F2 ) are compared with respect to melting point, viscosity, conductivity and electrochemical window. In addition, the differences between blocked and unblocked TAAILs with regard to their electrochemical reduction potentials are investigated by quantum chemical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry Biller
- Physikalische Organische Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstrasse 66, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Thomas Strassner
- Physikalische Organische Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstrasse 66, 01069, Dresden, Germany
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9
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Kessaratikoon T, Theerathanagorn T, Crespy D, D'Elia V. Organocatalytic Polymers from Affordable and Readily Available Building Blocks for the Cycloaddition of CO 2 to Epoxides. J Org Chem 2023; 88:4894-4924. [PMID: 36692489 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The catalytic cycloaddition of CO2 to epoxides to afford cyclic carbonates as useful monomers, intermediates, solvents, and additives is a continuously growing field of investigation as a way to carry out the atom-economic conversion of CO2 to value-added products. Metal-free organocatalytic compounds are attractive systems among various catalysts for such transformations because they are inexpensive, nontoxic, and readily available. Herein, we highlight and discuss key advances in the development of polymer-based organocatalytic materials that match these requirements of affordability and availability by considering their synthetic routes, the monomers, and the supports employed. The discussion is organized according to the number (monofunctional versus bifunctional materials) and type of catalytically active moieties, including both halide-based and halide-free systems. Two general synthetic approaches are identified based on the postsynthetic functionalization of polymeric supports or the copolymerization of monomers bearing catalytically active moieties. After a review of the material syntheses and catalytic activities, the chemical and structural features affecting catalytic performance are discussed. Based on such analysis, some strategies for the future design of affordable and readily available polymer-based organocatalysts with enhanced catalytic activity under mild conditions are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanika Kessaratikoon
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Payupnai, WangChan, Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Tharinee Theerathanagorn
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Payupnai, WangChan, Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Daniel Crespy
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Payupnai, WangChan, Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Valerio D'Elia
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Payupnai, WangChan, Rayong 21210, Thailand
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10
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Cavalleri M, Damiano C, Manca G, Gallo E. Protonated Porphyrins: Bifunctional Catalysts for the Metal-Free Synthesis of N-Alkyl-Oxazolidinones. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202202729. [PMID: 36194105 PMCID: PMC10100137 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The protonation of commercially available porphyrin ligands yields a class of bifunctional catalysts able to promote the synthesis of N-alkyl oxazolidinones by CO2 cycloaddition to corresponding aziridines. The catalytic system does not require the presence of any Lewis base or additive, and shows interesting features both in terms of cost effectiveness and eco-compatibility. The metal-free methodology is active even with a low catalytic loading of 1 % mol, and the chemical stability of the protonated porphyrin allowed it to be recycled three times without any decrease in performance. In addition, a DFT study was performed in order to suggest how a simple protonated porphyrin can mediate CO2 cycloaddition to aziridines to yield oxazolidinones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Cavalleri
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of MilanVia C. Golgi 1920133MilanItaly
| | - Caterina Damiano
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of MilanVia C. Golgi 1920133MilanItaly
| | - Gabriele Manca
- Istituto di Chimica dei Composti OrganoMetalliciICCOM-CNRVia Madonna del Piano 1050019Sesto FiorentinoItaly
| | - Emma Gallo
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of MilanVia C. Golgi 1920133MilanItaly
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11
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Jiang D, He Y, Zhang J, Yin J, Ding J, Wang S, Li H. Conjugate acid-base bi-functional polymeric ionic liquids (CAB-PILs) as efficient catalysts for CO2 capture and subsequent glycidol cycloaddition reaction. J Mol Liq 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2023.121284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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12
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Fuel Cell Reactors for the Clean Cogeneration of Electrical Energy and Value-Added Chemicals. ELECTROCHEM ENERGY R 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s41918-022-00168-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AbstractFuel cell reactors can be tailored to simultaneously cogenerate value-added chemicals and electrical energy while releasing negligible CO2 emissions or other pollution; moreover, some of these reactors can even “breathe in” poisonous gas as feedstock. Such clean cogeneration favorably offsets the fast depletion of fossil fuel resources and eases growing environmental concerns. These unique reactors inherit advantages from fuel cells: a high energy conversion efficiency and high selectivity. Compared with similar energy conversion devices with sandwich structures, fuel cell reactors have successfully “hit three birds with one stone” by generating power, producing chemicals, and maintaining eco-friendliness. In this review, we provide a systematic summary on the state of the art regarding fuel cell reactors and key components, as well as the typical cogeneration reactions accomplished in these reactors. Most strategies fall short in reaching a win–win situation that meets production demand while concurrently addressing environmental issues. The use of fuel cells (FCs) as reactors to simultaneously produce value-added chemicals and electrical power without environmental pollution has emerged as a promising direction. The FC reactor has been well recognized due to its “one stone hitting three birds” merit, namely, efficient chemical production, electrical power generation, and environmental friendliness. Fuel cell reactors for cogeneration provide multidisciplinary perspectives on clean chemical production, effective energy utilization, and even pollutant treatment, with far-reaching implications for the wider scientific community and society. The scope of this review focuses on unique reactors that can convert low-value reactants and/or industrial wastes to value-added chemicals while simultaneously cogenerating electrical power in an environmentally friendly manner.
Graphical Abstract
A schematic diagram for the concept of fuel cell reactors for cogeneration of electrical energy and value-added chemicals
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13
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Wei X, Lu Q, Liu J, Ma L. Triethylamine Catalyzed Reductive CO
2
to Form N‐Formylation of Amines and Hydrazides. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202201727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiu‐Zhi Wei
- Department of Engineering Science University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P.R. China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
| | - Qiqi Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
| | - Jianguo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education School of Energy and Environment Southeast University Nanjing 210096 PR China
| | - Longlong Ma
- Department of Engineering Science University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P.R. China. Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education School of Energy and Environment Southeast University Nanjing 210096 PR China
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14
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Zapf L, Peters S, Bertermann R, Radius U, Finze M. Tricyanoborane-Functionalized Anionic N-Heterocyclic Carbenes: Adjustment of Charge and Stereo-Electronic Properties. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200275. [PMID: 35535791 PMCID: PMC9401011 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The 1-methyl-3-(tricyanoborane)imidazolin-2-ylidenate anion (2) was obtained in high yield by deprotonation of the B(CN)3 -methylimidazole adduct 1. Regarding charge and stereo-electronic properties, anion 2 closes the gap between well-known neutral NHCs and the ditopic dianionic NHC, the 1,3-bis(tricyanoborane)imidazolin-2-ylidenate dianion (IIb). The influence of the number of N-bonded tricyanoborane moieties on the σ-donating and π-accepting properties of NHCs was assessed by quantum chemical calculations and verified by experimental data on 2, IIb, and 1,3-dimethylimidazolin-2-ylidene (IMe, IIa). Therefore NHC 2, which acts as a ditopic ligand via the carbene center and the cyano groups, was reacted with alkyl iodides, selenium, and [Ni(CO)4 ] yielding alkylated imidazoles 3 and 4, the anionic selenium adduct 5, and the anionic nickel tricarbonyl complex 8, respectively. The results of this study prove that charge, number of coordination sites, buried volume (%Vbur ) and σ-donor and π-acceptor abilities of NHCs can be effectively fine-tuned via the number of tricyanoborane substituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludwig Zapf
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB) Institute of Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Sven Peters
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB) Institute of Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Rüdiger Bertermann
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB) Institute of Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Udo Radius
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB) Institute of Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Maik Finze
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB) Institute of Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
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15
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Lu YS, Chen W, Wen QL, Zhou H. Pyridinylidenaminophosphines as Versatile Organocatalysts for CO2 Transformations into Value‐Added Chemicals. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202200143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Shang Lu
- Dalian University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals CHINA
| | - Wei Chen
- Dalian University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals CHINA
| | - Qi Lang Wen
- Dalian University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals CHINA
| | - Hui Zhou
- Dalian University of Technology State Key of Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian 116024 116024 Dalian CHINA
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16
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Tapiador J, Leo P, Rodríguez-Diéguez A, Choquesillo-Lazarte D, Calleja G, Orcajo G. A novel Zn-based-MOF for efficient CO2 adsorption and conversion under mild conditions. Catal Today 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2021.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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17
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Watson IC, Ferguson MJ, Rivard E. Zinc-Mediated Transmetalation as a Route to Anionic N-Heterocyclic Olefin Complexes in the p-Block. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:18347-18359. [PMID: 34738790 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Anionic N-heterocyclic olefins (aNHOs) are suited well for the stabilization of low-coordinate inorganic complexes, due to their steric tunability and strong σ- and π-electron donating abilities. In this study, the new two-coordinate zinc complex (MeIPrCH)2Zn (MeIPrCH = [(MeCNDipp)2C═CH]-, Dipp = 2,6-diisopropylphenyl) is shown to participate in a broad range of metathesis reactions with main group element-based halides and hydrides. In the case of the group 14 halides, Cl2E·dioxane (E = Ge and Sn), transmetalation occurs to form dinuclear propellane-shaped cations, [(MeIPrCHE)2(μ-Cl)]+, while the aNHO-capped phosphine ligand MeIPrCH-PPh2 is obtained when (MeIPrCH)2Zn is combined with ClPPh2. Lastly, ZnH2 elimination drives transmetalation between (MeIPrCH)2Zn and hydroboranes and hydroalumanes, leading to Lewis acidic aNHO-supported -boryl and -alane products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian C Watson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2G2
| | - Michael J Ferguson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2G2
| | - Eric Rivard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2G2
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18
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Maji S, Das A, Mandal SK. Mesoionic N-heterocyclic olefin catalysed reductive functionalization of CO 2 for consecutive N-methylation of amines. Chem Sci 2021; 12:12174-12180. [PMID: 34667583 PMCID: PMC8457391 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc02819g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A mesoionic N-heterocyclic olefin (mNHO) was introduced as a metal-free catalyst for the reductive functionalization of CO2 leading to consecutive double N-methylation of primary amines in the presence of 9-borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane (9-BBN). A wide range of secondary amines and primary amines were successfully methylated under mild conditions. The catalyst sustained over six successive cycles of N-methylation of secondary amines without compromising its activity, which encouraged us to check its efficacy towards double N-methylation of primary amines. Moreover, this method was utilized for the synthesis of two commercially available drug molecules. A detailed mechanistic cycle was proposed by performing a series of control reactions along with the successful characterisation of active catalytic intermediates either by single-crystal X-ray study or by NMR spectroscopic studies in association with DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subir Maji
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Mohanpur-741246 India
| | - Arpan Das
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Mohanpur-741246 India
| | - Swadhin K Mandal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Mohanpur-741246 India
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19
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Shi Y, Zhao J, Xu H, Hou SL, Zhao B. Eco-friendly co-catalyst-free cycloaddition of CO2 and aziridines activated by a porous MOF catalyst. Sci China Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-021-1006-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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20
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Bresciani G, Bortoluzzi M, Pampaloni G, Marchetti F. Diethylammonium iodide as catalyst for the metal-free synthesis of 5-aryl-2-oxazolidinones from aziridines and carbon dioxide. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:4152-4161. [PMID: 33881440 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00458a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The catalytic potential of ammonium halide salts was explored in the coupling reaction of a model aziridine with carbon dioxide, highlighting the superior activity of [NH2Et2]I. Then, working at room temperature, atmospheric CO2 pressure and in the absence of solvent, the [NH2Et2]I-catalyzed synthesis of a series of 5-aryl-2-oxazolidinones was accomplished in good to high yields and excellent selectivity, from 2-aryl-aziridines with N-methyl or N-ethyl groups. NMR studies and DFT calculations outlined the pivotal role of both the diethylammonium cation and the iodide anion. The proposed method represents a convenient choice for obtaining a limited number of valuable molecules for which more complex and more expensive catalytic systems have been reported even in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Bresciani
- University of Pisa, Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, Via Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy and CIRCC, via Celso Ulpiani 27, I-70126 Bari, Italy.
| | - Marco Bortoluzzi
- CIRCC, via Celso Ulpiani 27, I-70126 Bari, Italy. and University of Venezia "Ca' Foscari", Department of Molecular Science and Nanosystems, Via Torino 155, I-30170 Mestre (VE), Italy
| | - Guido Pampaloni
- University of Pisa, Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, Via Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy and CIRCC, via Celso Ulpiani 27, I-70126 Bari, Italy.
| | - Fabio Marchetti
- University of Pisa, Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, Via Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy and CIRCC, via Celso Ulpiani 27, I-70126 Bari, Italy.
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21
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Saptal VB, Singh R, Juneja G, Singh S, Chauhan SM, Polshettiwar V, Bhanage BM. Nitridated Fibrous Silica/Tetrabutylammonium Iodide (N‐DFNS/TBAI): Robust and Efficient Catalytic System for Chemical Fixation of Carbon Dioxide to Cyclic Carbonates. ChemCatChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202100245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vitthal B. Saptal
- Department of Chemistry Institute of Chemical Technology Matunga Mumbai 400019 India
| | - Rustam Singh
- Department of Chemical Sciences Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR) Mumbai India
| | - Gaurav Juneja
- Department of Chemistry Institute of Chemical Technology Matunga Mumbai 400019 India
| | - Saideep Singh
- Department of Chemical Sciences Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR) Mumbai India
| | - Satish M. Chauhan
- Department of Chemistry Institute of Chemical Technology Matunga Mumbai 400019 India
| | - Vivek Polshettiwar
- Department of Chemical Sciences Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR) Mumbai India
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22
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Bresciani G, Zacchini S, Marchetti F, Pampaloni G. Non-precious metal carbamates as catalysts for the aziridine/CO 2 coupling reaction under mild conditions. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:5351-5359. [PMID: 33881087 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt00525a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The catalytic potential of a large series of easily available metal carbamates (based on thirteen different non-precious metal elements) was explored for the first time in the coupling reaction between 2-aryl-aziridines and carbon dioxide, working under solventless and ambient conditions and using tetraalkylammonium halides as co-catalysts. The straightforward synthesis of novel [NbCl3(O2CNEt2)2], NbCl, and [NbBr3(O2CNEt2)2], NbBr, is reported. The niobium complex NbCl, in combination with NBu4I, emerged as the best catalyst of the overall series to convert aziridines with small N-alkyl substituents into the corresponding 5-aryl-oxazolidin-2-ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Bresciani
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy. and CIRCC, via Celso Ulpiani 27, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Stefano Zacchini
- CIRCC, via Celso Ulpiani 27, I-70126 Bari, Italy and Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari", University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, I-40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabio Marchetti
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy. and CIRCC, via Celso Ulpiani 27, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Guido Pampaloni
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy. and CIRCC, via Celso Ulpiani 27, I-70126 Bari, Italy
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23
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Zhou L, Wang Z, Xu G, Lv C, Wang Q. Structure and activity relationship studies of N-heterocyclic olefin and thiourea/urea catalytic systems: application in ring-opening polymerization of lactones. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py01747g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Structure–activity relationship studies of N-heterocyclic olefin and thiourea/urea catalytic systems were performed and applied to ROP of lactones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Guangqiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Chengdong Lv
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Qinggang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qingdao
- China
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24
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuming Liang
- Davenport Chemical Research Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Kasumi Hayashi
- Davenport Chemical Research Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Datong Song
- Davenport Chemical Research Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
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25
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Bresciani G, Antico E, Ciancaleoni G, Zacchini S, Pampaloni G, Marchetti F. Bypassing the Inertness of Aziridine/CO 2 Systems to Access 5-Aryl-2-Oxazolidinones: Catalyst-Free Synthesis Under Ambient Conditions. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:5586-5594. [PMID: 32902136 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202001823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The development of sustainable synthetic routes to access valuable oxazolidinones via CO2 fixation is an active research area, and the aziridine/carbon dioxide coupling has aroused a considerable interest. This reaction features a high activation barrier and thus requires a catalytic system, and may present some other critical issues. Here, the straightforward gram-scale synthesis of a series of 5-aryl-2-oxazolidinones was developed at ambient temperature and atmospheric CO2 pressure, in the absence of any catalyst/co-catalyst. The key to this innovative procedure consists in the direct transfer of the pre-formed amine/CO2 adduct (carbamate) to common aziridine precursors (dimethylsulfonium salts), replacing the classical sequential addition of amine (intermediate isolation of aziridine) and then CO2 . The reaction mechanism was investigated by NMR spectroscopy and DFT calculations applied to model cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Bresciani
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124, Pisa, Italy
- CIRCC, via Celso Ulpiani 27, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Emanuele Antico
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gianluca Ciancaleoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124, Pisa, Italy
- CIRCC, via Celso Ulpiani 27, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Stefano Zacchini
- CIRCC, via Celso Ulpiani 27, 70126, Bari, Italy
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari", Università di Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Guido Pampaloni
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124, Pisa, Italy
- CIRCC, via Celso Ulpiani 27, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Fabio Marchetti
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124, Pisa, Italy
- CIRCC, via Celso Ulpiani 27, 70126, Bari, Italy
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26
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Wang Z, Niu QH, Xue XS, Ji P. The Brönsted Basicities of N-Heterocyclic Olefins in DMSO: An Effective Way to Evaluate the Stability of NHO-CO 2 Adducts. J Org Chem 2020; 85:13204-13210. [PMID: 32900190 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A Brönsted basicity scale (∼24 pK units) for 85 commonly seen imidazole-, imidazoline-, triazole-, and thiazole-based N-heterocyclic olefins (NHOs) in DMSO was established using a well-examined computational model. The influence of substituents on the Brönsted basicities of these NHOs was investigated through basicity comparisons and rationalized by geometric analyses. The Gibbs energy (ΔGr) of the reaction between NHO and CO2 was also calculated, which linearly correlates with the basicity of the corresponding NHO, suggesting that the stability of NHO-CO2 adducts can be evaluated by the basicity of NHOs and a stronger basicity leads to a more stable NHO-CO2 adduct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Nanocomposite Sensing Materials, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Qian-Hang Niu
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Nanocomposite Sensing Materials, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Xiao-Song Xue
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Nanocomposite Sensing Materials, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang 455000, China.,State Key Laboratory on Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Pengju Ji
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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27
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28
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Zhang Z, Huang S, Huang L, Xu X, Zhao H, Yan X. Synthesis of Mesoionic N-Heterocyclic Olefins and Catalytic Application for Hydroboration Reactions. J Org Chem 2020; 85:12036-12043. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zengyu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Shiqing Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Linwei Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Xingyu Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Hongyan Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yan
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
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29
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P S, Mandal SK. From CO 2 activation to catalytic reduction: a metal-free approach. Chem Sci 2020; 11:10571-10593. [PMID: 34094313 PMCID: PMC8162374 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc03528a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Over exploitation of natural resources and human activities are relentlessly fueling the emission of CO2 in the atmosphere. Accordingly, continuous efforts are required to find solutions to address the issue of excessive CO2 emission and its potential effects on climate change. It is imperative that the world looks towards a portfolio of carbon mitigation solutions, rather than a single strategy. In this regard, the use of CO2 as a C1 source is an attractive strategy as CO2 has the potential to be a great asset for the industrial sector and consumers across the globe. In particular, the reduction of CO2 offers an alternative to fossil fuels for various organic industrial feedstocks and fuels. Consequently, efficient and scalable approaches for the reduction of CO2 to products such as methane and methanol can generate value from its emissions. Accordingly, in recent years, metal-free catalysis has emerged as a sustainable approach because of the mild reaction conditions by which CO2 can be reduced to various value-added products. The metal-free catalytic reduction of CO2 offers the development of chemical processes with low cost, earth-abundant, non-toxic reagents, and low carbon-footprint. Thus, this perspective aims to present the developments in both the reduction and reductive functionalization chemistry of CO2 during the last decade using various metal-free catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreejyothi P
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata Mohanpur-741246 India
| | - Swadhin K Mandal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata Mohanpur-741246 India
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30
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Delaude L. The Chemistry of Azolium‐Carboxylate Zwitterions and Related Compounds: a Survey of the Years 2009–2020. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lionel Delaude
- Laboratory of CatalysisMolSys Research UnitInstitut de Chimie Organique (B6a)Université de Liège Allée du six Août 13 4000 Liège Belgium
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31
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Hansmann MM, Antoni PW, Pesch H. Stable Mesoionic N-Heterocyclic Olefins (mNHOs). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:5782-5787. [PMID: 31863704 PMCID: PMC7154647 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201914571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
We report a new class of stable mesoionic N-heterocyclic olefins, featuring a highly polarized (strongly ylidic) double bond. The ground-state structure cannot be described through an uncharged mesomeric Lewis-structure, thereby structurally distinguishing them from traditional N-heterocyclic olefins (NHOs). mNHOs can easily be obtained through deprotonation of the corresponding methylated N,N'-diaryl-1,2,3-triazolium and N,N'-diaryl-imidazolium salts, respectively. In their reactivity, they represent strong σ-donor ligands as shown by their coordination complexes of rhodium and boron. Their calculated proton affinities, their experimentally derived basicities (competition experiments), as well as donor abilities (Tolman electronic parameter; TEP) exceed the so far reported class of NHOs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max M. Hansmann
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische BiologieTechnische Universität DortmundOtto-Hahn-Str. 644227DortmundGermany
- Georg-August Universität GöttingenInstitut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieTammannstr. 237077GöttingenGermany
| | - Patrick W. Antoni
- Georg-August Universität GöttingenInstitut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieTammannstr. 237077GöttingenGermany
| | - Henner Pesch
- Georg-August Universität GöttingenInstitut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieTammannstr. 237077GöttingenGermany
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32
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de Lima Batista AP, de Oliveira-Filho AGS, Braga AAC. Probing N-heterocyclic olefin as ancillary ligand in scandium-mediated $$\hbox {CO}_2$$ to CO conversion. Theor Chem Acc 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-019-2528-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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33
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Phatake VV, Mishra AA, Bhanage BM. UiO-66 as an efficient catalyst for N-formylation of amines with CO2 and dimethylamine borane as a reducing agent. Inorganica Chim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2019.119274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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34
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Hansmann MM, Antoni PW, Pesch H. Stable Mesoionic N‐Heterocyclic Olefins (mNHOs). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201914571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Max M. Hansmann
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie Technische Universität Dortmund Otto-Hahn-Str. 6 44227 Dortmund Germany
- Georg-August Universität Göttingen Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Tammannstr. 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Patrick W. Antoni
- Georg-August Universität Göttingen Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Tammannstr. 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Henner Pesch
- Georg-August Universität Göttingen Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Tammannstr. 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
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35
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MOFs-Based Catalysts Supported Chemical Conversion of CO2. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2020; 378:11. [DOI: 10.1007/s41061-019-0269-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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36
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Khan K, Tareen AK, Aslam M, Zhang Y, Wang R, Ouyang Z, Gou Z, Zhang H. Recent advances in two-dimensional materials and their nanocomposites in sustainable energy conversion applications. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:21622-21678. [PMID: 31702753 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr05919a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials have a wide platform in research and expanding nano- and atomic-level applications. This study is motivated by the well-established 2D catalysts, which demonstrate high efficiency, selectivity and sustainability exceeding that of classical noble metal catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and/or hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Nowadays, the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in water electrolysis is crucial for the cost-efficient production of a pure hydrogen fuel. We will also discuss another important point related to electrochemical carbon dioxide and nitrogen reduction (ECR and N2RR) in detail. In this review, we mainly focused on the recent progress in the fuel cell technology based on 2D materials, including graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides, black phosphorus, MXenes, metal-organic frameworks, and metal oxide nanosheets. First, the basic attributes of the 2D materials were described, and their fuel cell mechanisms were also summarized. Finally, some effective methods for enhancing the performance of the fuel cells based on 2D materials were also discussed, and the opportunities and challenges of 2D material-based fuel cells at the commercial level were also provided. This review can provide new avenues for 2D materials with properties suitable for fuel cell technology development and related fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Khan
- Advanced electromagnetic function laboratory, Dongguan University of Technology (DGUT), Dongguan, Guangdong Province, P.R. China.
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37
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Lauder K, Masci D, Toscani A, Al Mekdad A, Black GW, Brown NL, Turner NJ, Luisi R, Castagnolo D. A facile and regioselective multicomponent synthesis of chiral aryl-1,2-mercaptoamines in water followed by monoamine oxidase (MAO-N) enzymatic resolution. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:8982-8986. [PMID: 31584061 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01962f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A facile microwave assisted three-component protocol allows the synthesis of chiral aryl-1,2-mercaptoamines in water in a few minutes with high yields, bypassing the use of toxic aziridine intermediates. The chiral 1,2-mercaptoamines were then deracemized through enzymatic resolution of the racemates using monoamine oxidase (MAO-N) biocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Lauder
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, SE1 9NH, London, UK.
| | - Domiziana Masci
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, SE1 9NH, London, UK.
| | - Anita Toscani
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, SE1 9NH, London, UK.
| | - Aya Al Mekdad
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, SE1 9NH, London, UK.
| | - Gary W Black
- Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, Ellison Place, NE1 8ST, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Nicola L Brown
- Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, Ellison Place, NE1 8ST, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Nicholas J Turner
- School of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, M1 7DN, Manchester, UK
| | - Renzo Luisi
- Department of Pharmacy - Drug Sciences, University of Bari"A. Moro", Via E. Orabona 4, Bari 70125, Italy
| | - Daniele Castagnolo
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, SE1 9NH, London, UK.
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38
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Shen Q, Chen X, Tan Y, Chen J, Chen L, Tan S. Metal-Free N-Formylation of Amines with CO 2 and Hydrosilane by Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Nanosheets. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:38838-38848. [PMID: 31566364 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b14509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
N-Formylation of amines with carbon dioxide (CO2) as a carbonyl source is emerging as an important way for CO2 transformation into high-value-added chemicals; however, the developed catalytic systems mainly focused on transition-metal-based homogeneous catalysts. Herein, we reported rationally designed nitrogen-doped graphene nanosheets (NG) as metal-free catalysts for N-formylation of various amines with CO2 and hydrosilane to formamide under mild conditions. The NG catalyst displayed a wide amine scope with the desired formamide yields up to >99%, demonstrating its comparable catalytic performance to the reported transition-metal-based catalysts. Our experimental research reveals that the N-formylation of aniline involves an initial NG-promoted CO2 hydrosilylation with PhSiH3 to silyl formate and a subsequent nucleophilic attack of the aniline to give N-formanilide. Moreover, the key step of CO2 hydrosilylation can be simplified to a pseudo-first-order reaction under a high CO2 concentration with an observed reaction rate constant (kobs) of 226 h-1 at 40 °C and an apparent activation energy (Ea) of 34 kJ mol-1. In sharp contrast, a kobs of 23 h-1 and Ea of 47 kJ mol-1 were observed under catalyst-free conditions. Our theoretical investigation indicates that NG-promoted CO2 hydrosilylation corresponds to an exergonic reaction (ΔG = -0.53 eV), which is much lower in energy state than that of catalyst-free conditions (ΔG = -0.44 eV). Finally, the NG showed outstanding recyclability in the N-formylation reaction with almost unchanged catalytic performance during twelve-time recycling. This research thus represented a breakthrough in metal-free transformation of CO2 into fine chemicals with low-cost, environment-friendly, and carbon-based catalysts to replace the scarce and expensive transition-metal-based catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiujuan Shen
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Centre of Graphene-Like Materials and Products, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Science , Jinan University , No. 601 Huangpu Avenue West , Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510632 , China
| | - Xuehua Chen
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Centre of Graphene-Like Materials and Products, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Science , Jinan University , No. 601 Huangpu Avenue West , Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510632 , China
| | - Yiyuan Tan
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Centre of Graphene-Like Materials and Products, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Science , Jinan University , No. 601 Huangpu Avenue West , Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510632 , China
| | - Jinzhu Chen
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Centre of Graphene-Like Materials and Products, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Science , Jinan University , No. 601 Huangpu Avenue West , Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510632 , China
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Zhejiang University , 38 Zheda Road , Hangzhou 310027 , China
| | - Limin Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, School of Environment and Energy , South China University of Technology , 382 Zhonghuan Road East , Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Panyu District, Guangzhou 510006 , China
| | - Shaozao Tan
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Centre of Graphene-Like Materials and Products, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Science , Jinan University , No. 601 Huangpu Avenue West , Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510632 , China
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Eymann LYM, Varava P, Shved AM, Curchod BFE, Liu Y, Planes OM, Sienkiewicz A, Scopelliti R, Fadaei Tirani F, Severin K. Synthesis of Organic Super-Electron-Donors by Reaction of Nitrous Oxide with N-Heterocyclic Olefins. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:17112-17116. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b10660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Léonard Y. M. Eymann
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Paul Varava
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Andrei M. Shved
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Basile F. E. Curchod
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Yizhu Liu
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ophélie M. Planes
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Andrzej Sienkiewicz
- Institute of Physics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rosario Scopelliti
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Farzaneh Fadaei Tirani
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kay Severin
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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40
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Naumann S. Synthesis, properties & applications of N-heterocyclic olefins in catalysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:11658-11670. [PMID: 31517349 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc06316a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
N-Heterocyclic olefins (NHOs), a recently (re-)discovered type of electron-rich, polar alkene, are comprehensively presented. Along with synthetic aspects and chemical properties, special emphasis is put on the multi-faceted impact NHOs already have had on catalysis. This is discussed along the lines of small molecule organocatalysis, organo- and metal-assisted polymerization and of the understanding and application of NHO-ligated organometallic complexes. Highlighted are the strong basicity of NHOs ("superbases"), their high nucleophilicity and the design principles to tailor NHO (organo-)catalysts. It is demonstrated that NHOs can complement, and in many cases out-perform, the much better established N-heterocyclic carbene-based systems. Examples include among others CO2-sequestration, the polymerization of lactones and epoxides or the transfer hydrogenation of carbonyls. Further, the unique ability to selectively address basic or nucleophilic reaction pathways via NHO-mediation is detailed, as is the bonding situation in NHO-metal complexes and the ability of the olefin to act as an electronically flexible ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Naumann
- University of Stuttgart, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
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41
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Zhang X, Wang L, Wang Q, Ge F, Wang X. Synthesis, Characterization of Pyridyl Heterocyclic Olefins (PHOs) and Activation of Heterocumulenes. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201902563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xianhui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biobased MaterialsQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences 189 Songling Road Qingdao 266101 China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics EngineeringUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 10049 China
| | - Liang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biobased MaterialsQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences 189 Songling Road Qingdao 266101 China
| | - Qinggang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biobased MaterialsQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences 189 Songling Road Qingdao 266101 China
| | - Fang Ge
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringQingdao University Shandong 266071 China
| | - Xiaowu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biobased MaterialsQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences 189 Songling Road Qingdao 266101 China
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42
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Fu HC, You F, Li HR, He LN. CO 2 Capture and in situ Catalytic Transformation. Front Chem 2019; 7:525. [PMID: 31396509 PMCID: PMC6667559 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The escalating rate of fossil fuel combustion contributes to excessive CO2 emission and the resulting global climate change has drawn considerable attention. Therefore, tremendous efforts have been devoted to mitigate the CO2 accumulation in the atmosphere. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) strategy has been regarded as one of the promising options for controlling CO2 build-up. However, desorption and compression of CO2 need extra energy input. To circumvent this energy issue, carbon capture and utilization (CCU) strategy has been proposed whereby CO2 can be captured and in situ activated simultaneously to participate in the subsequent conversion under mild conditions, offering valuable compounds. As an alternative to CCS, the CCU has attracted much concern. Although various absorbents have been developed for the CCU strategy, the direct, in situ chemical conversion of the captured CO2 into valuable chemicals remains in its infancies compared with the gaseous CO2 conversion. This review summarizes the recent progress on CO2 capture and in situ catalytic transformation. The contents are introduced according to the absorbent types, in which different reaction type is involved and the transformation mechanism of the captured CO2 and the role of the absorbent in the conversion are especially elucidated. We hope this review can shed light on the transformation of the captured CO2 and arouse broad concern on the CCU strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Chen Fu
- College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Fei You
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hong-Ru Li
- College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Liang-Nian He
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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43
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Sengoden M, North M, Whitwood AC. Synthesis of Oxazolidinones by using Carbon Dioxide as a C 1 Building Block and an Aluminium-Based Catalyst. CHEMSUSCHEM 2019; 12:3296-3303. [PMID: 31141295 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201901171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Oxazolidinone synthesis through the coupling of carbon dioxide and aziridines was catalysed by an aluminium(salphen) complex at 50-100 °C and 1-10 bar pressure under solvent-free conditions. The process was applicable to a variety of substituted aziridines, giving products with high regioselectivity. It involved the use of a sustainable and reusable aluminium-based catalyst, used carbon dioxide as a C1 source and provided access to pharmaceutically important oxazolidinones as illustrated by a total synthesis of toloxatone. This protocol was scalable, and the catalyst could be recovered and reused. A catalytic cycle was proposed based on stereochemical, kinetic and Hammett studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mani Sengoden
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Michael North
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
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44
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Lamb KJ, Ingram ID, North M, Sengoden M. Valorization of Carbon Dioxide into Oxazolidinones by Reaction with Aziridines. CURRENT GREEN CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/2213346106666190321142328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The reduction of carbon dioxide has gained much attention due to increasing environmental
concerns about global warming associated with carbon emissions from industrial effluents and public
transport etc. In this regard, considerable attention has been devoted to the chemical conversion of
carbon dioxide, and its incorporation into synthetic organic molecules under mild and “green” conditions.
In recent years, significant effort has been dedicated to studying the fixation of carbon dioxide
with aziridines to afford oxazolidinones, which is an environmental friendly and atom economical
process. In this review, we discuss the efficiency of different catalytic systems, by comparing and analyzing
each reaction parameter such as pressure, temperature, substrate scope and product selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie J. Lamb
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, Chemistry Department, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Ian D.V. Ingram
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, Chemistry Department, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Michael North
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, Chemistry Department, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Mani Sengoden
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, Chemistry Department, University of York, York, United Kingdom
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45
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Lang XD, Li ZM, He LN. Protic ionic liquid-catalyzed synthesis of oxazolidinones using cyclic carbonates as both CO2 surrogate and sustainable solvent. Catal Today 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2018.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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46
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Xie Y, Lu C, Zhao B, Wang Q, Yao Y. Cycloaddition of Aziridine with CO2/CS2 Catalyzed by Amidato Divalent Lanthanide Complexes. J Org Chem 2019; 84:1951-1958. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b02924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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47
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Schuldt R, Kästner J, Naumann S. Proton Affinities of N-Heterocyclic Olefins and Their Implications for Organocatalyst Design. J Org Chem 2019; 84:2209-2218. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b03202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robin Schuldt
- Institute for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Johannes Kästner
- Institute for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Stefan Naumann
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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48
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Zhou L, Xu G, Mahmood Q, Lv C, Wang X, Sun X, Guo K, Wang Q. N-Heterocyclic olefins and thioureas as an efficient cooperative catalyst system for ring-opening polymerization of δ-valerolactone. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py00018f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
An organocatalytic ring-opening polymerization of δ-valerolactone has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Guangqiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Qaiser Mahmood
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Chengdong Lv
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Xiaowu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Xitong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Kai Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Qinggang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qingdao
- China
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49
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Xie YF, Guo C, Shi L, Peng BH, Liu N. Bifunctional organocatalysts for the conversion of CO2, epoxides and aryl amines to 3-aryl-2-oxazolidinones. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:3497-3506. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ob00224c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
A route to synthesize 3-aryl-2-oxazolidinones is developed, which is achieved through a three component reaction between CO2, aryl amines, and epoxides with a binary organocatalytic system composed of organocatalysts and DBU (1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Fei Xie
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan
- Shihezi University
- Shihezi
- People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Guo
- Cancer Institute
- The Second Affiliated Hospital
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine
- Hangzhou
- People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Shi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan
- Shihezi University
- Shihezi
- People's Republic of China
| | - Bang-Hua Peng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan
- Shihezi University
- Shihezi
- People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan
- Shihezi University
- Shihezi
- People's Republic of China
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50
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Arshadi S, Banaei A, Ebrahimiasl S, Monfared A, Vessally E. Solvent-free incorporation of CO2 into 2-oxazolidinones: a review. RSC Adv 2019; 9:19465-19482. [PMID: 35519371 PMCID: PMC9065275 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra00551j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This review is an attempt to give an overview on the recent advances and developments in the synthesis of 2-oxazolidinone frameworks through carbon dioxide (CO2) fixation reactions under solvent-free conditions. The cycloaddition of CO2 to aziridine derivatives is discussed first. This is followed by carboxylative cyclization of N-propargylamines with CO2 and three-component coupling of epoxides, amines, and CO2. Finally, cycloaddition of CO2 to propargylic alcohols and amines will be covered at the end of the review. The literature has been surveyed up until the end of 2018. This review is an overview on the recent advances in the synthesis of 2-oxazolidinones through CO2 fixation reactions under solvent-free conditions.![]()
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