1
|
Yousif M, Hong H, Malfeld S, Smit S, Makhathini L, Motsamai T, Tselana D, Manamela M, Kamupira M, Maseti E, Ranchod H, Otwombe K, McCarthy K, Suchard M. Measles incidence in South Africa: a six-year review, 2015-2020. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1647. [PMID: 36042453 PMCID: PMC9427172 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14069-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2012 the World Health Organization (WHO) aimed to eliminate measles in five regions by 2020. This retrospective descriptive study reviewed measles surveillance data in South Africa for the period 2015-2020 to document the epidemiology of measles and the progress made towards meeting the 2020 measles elimination goal.A total of 22,578 specimens were tested over the period 2015-2020 yielding 401 (1.8%) confirmed measles cases, 321 (1.4%) compatible and 21,856 (96.8%) discarded cases. The most affected age group was 0-4 year olds. At the provincial level, South Africa achieved adequate surveillance, defined as more than two cases of febrile rash notified annually per 100 000 popoulation, except for KwaZulu-Natal and Limpopo in 2020, probably due to COVID-19 lockdown restrictions. Of confirmed cases, only 26% were vaccinated, 3% were too young to receive vaccines, 5% were not vaccinated, and 65% had unknown vaccination status. Measles vaccine effectiveness amongst 1-4 year olds was 80%. Using the standard case definition, South Africa achieved the measles elimination target of less than one case per one million nationally in years 2015, 2016 and 2020. The years 2017 to 2019 had incidence rates exceeding one per million nationally. Using a narrow case definition, that excluded positive rubella cases, improved the indicators with only the year 2017 having an incidence rate of more than one per million.South Africa displays intermittent measles outbreaks approximately six-yearly interspersed by inter-epidemic periods in which the country meets measles elimination targets. Intense effort is needed to increase the vaccine coverage to avoid periodic outbreaks. Enhanced molecular testing of each case will be required as measles incidence declines regionally.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mukhlid Yousif
- Centre for Vaccines and Immunology, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa.
- Department of Virology, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
| | - Heather Hong
- Centre for Vaccines and Immunology, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Susan Malfeld
- Centre for Vaccines and Immunology, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Sheilagh Smit
- Centre for Vaccines and Immunology, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Lillian Makhathini
- Centre for Vaccines and Immunology, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Tshepo Motsamai
- Centre for Vaccines and Immunology, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Dipolelo Tselana
- Centre for Vaccines and Immunology, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Morubula Manamela
- Centre for Vaccines and Immunology, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Mercy Kamupira
- World Health Organization, Pretoria, South Africa
- UNICEF, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Elizabeth Maseti
- Child, Youth and School Health, National Department of Health, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Heena Ranchod
- Centre for Vaccines and Immunology, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Department of Chemical Pathology, School of Pathology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Kennedy Otwombe
- Perinatal HIV Research Unit, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Kerrigan McCarthy
- Centre for Vaccines and Immunology, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Melinda Suchard
- Centre for Vaccines and Immunology, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Department of Chemical Pathology, School of Pathology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bağcı Z, Daki YY. Positive Effect of Single-Dose Measles Vaccination in Reducing the Incidence of Pneumonia in Children with Measles. J Trop Pediatr 2021; 67:5980412. [PMID: 33185246 DOI: 10.1093/tropej/fmaa085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
AIM Measles is a worldwide common, highly infectious and vaccine-preventable contagious disease with high morbidity and mortality rates. We investigated the effects of administering single-dose measles vaccination in children with measles on the incidence of pneumonia and hospitalization. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively analysed the hospital records of children aged 0-18 years who were diagnosed with measles within a year before the study in a training and research hospital in Mogadishu, Somalia. We compared the measles vaccine ratios, hospitalization rates, hospitalization duration and pneumonia development rates. RESULTS We found that 34 (15.6%) patients had received measles vaccination, while 184 (84.4%) did not receive the vaccination. All the vaccinated patients received only a single dose of the vaccine. The proportion of those who had received pneumonia vaccine (14/34, 41.2%) was significantly lower than that of those who had never received a dose of measles containing vaccine (179/184, 97.3%) (p = 0.001). Moreover, patients who were immunized [n = 3 (3.1%)] had a significantly lower hospitalization rate than those who were not immunized [n = 94 (96.9%)] (p = 0.001). CONCLUSION The risk of pneumonia in children with measles vaccination, rate of hospitalization and length of hospital stay was significantly lower in children who had received even a single dose of the vaccine when compared with that in those who had not vaccinated. The results of this study reiterate the need for more effective global measles vaccination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zafer Bağcı
- Department of Pediatrics, Konya Education and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Konya, Turkey
| | - Yunis Yusuf Daki
- Department of Pediatrics, Konya Education and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Konya, Turkey.,Department of Pediatrics, Somalia Mogadishu Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Education and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Mogadishu, Somalia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Misin A, Antonello RM, Di Bella S, Campisciano G, Zanotta N, Giacobbe DR, Comar M, Luzzati R. Measles: An Overview of a Re-Emerging Disease in Children and Immunocompromised Patients. Microorganisms 2020; 8:E276. [PMID: 32085446 PMCID: PMC7074809 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8020276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the availability of a safe and effective vaccine, in 2018, around 350,000 measles cases were reported worldwide, which resulted in an estimate of 142,300 deaths from measles. Additionally, in 2017, global measles cases spiked, causing the death of 110,000 people, mostly children under the age of 5 years and immunocompromised adults. The increase in measles incidence is caused by the ongoing reduction of vaccination coverage. This event has triggered public and scientific interest. For this reason, we reviewed the pathophysiology of measles infection, focusing on mechanisms by which the virus spreads systemically through the host organism. By reaching the lymphocytes from the airways through a "trojan horse" strategy, measles induces an immunosuppression status. H and F glycoproteins, both expressed in the envelope, ensure attachment of the virus to host cells and spreading from one cell to another by binding to several receptors, as described in detail. The severity of the disease depends both on the age and underlying conditions of patients as well as the social and health context in which epidemics spread, and is often burdened by sequelae and complications that may occur several years after infection. Particular attention was paid to special groups that are more susceptible to severe or atypical measles. An overview of microbiology, symptoms, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment completes and enriches the review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Misin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina (ASU GI), Via G.L. Gatteri 25/1, 34125 Trieste, Italy; (S.D.B.); (R.L.)
| | - Roberta Maria Antonello
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy;
| | - Stefano Di Bella
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina (ASU GI), Via G.L. Gatteri 25/1, 34125 Trieste, Italy; (S.D.B.); (R.L.)
| | - Giuseppina Campisciano
- SSD of Advanced Microbiology Diagnosis and Translational Research, Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Via dell’Istria 65/1, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (G.C.); (N.Z.); (M.C.)
| | - Nunzia Zanotta
- SSD of Advanced Microbiology Diagnosis and Translational Research, Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Via dell’Istria 65/1, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (G.C.); (N.Z.); (M.C.)
| | - Daniele Roberto Giacobbe
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino—IRCCS, L.go R. Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Via A. Pastore 1, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Manola Comar
- SSD of Advanced Microbiology Diagnosis and Translational Research, Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Via dell’Istria 65/1, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (G.C.); (N.Z.); (M.C.)
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Roberto Luzzati
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina (ASU GI), Via G.L. Gatteri 25/1, 34125 Trieste, Italy; (S.D.B.); (R.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zeng Y, Luo M, Chen J, He H, Deng X, Xie S, Fang Y. An economic evaluation of the current measles vaccination program: A case study in Zhejiang Province, east China. Vaccine 2019; 37:3071-3077. [PMID: 31040084 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.04.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the economic impact of the current measles vaccination program in Zhejiang Province, east China. METHODS A decision tree-Markov model with parameters from published literatures, government documents and surveys was developed and used to simulate over 40 years of a birth cohort in Zhejiang Province during the year 2014. The expected cost and effectiveness of the current measles vaccination program was compared against no vaccination. Costs were assessed from the payer's perspective. Benefits were defined as savings on the direct cost of measles treatment, and the effectiveness was measured according to the number of measles cases and deaths averted. The net present value (NPV), benefit-cost ratio (BCR) and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) were also calculated. A threshold for cost-effectiveness of less than 3 times the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita was used. One-way sensitivity analysis was performed to assess parameter uncertainties. RESULTS The total vaccination cost was estimated to be $2.52 million. The BCR of the current measles program was found to be 6.06 with a NPV of $73.38 million. It was also calculated that a total of 195,165 measles cases and 191 measles-related deaths would be prevented by vaccination. The ICER was approximately $12.91 per case averted and $13,213.43 per death averted, respectively, which was cost-effective. The models were proven to be robust. CONCLUSIONS The current measles vaccination program appeared to be cost-effective and to offer substantial benefits. The results of this analysis sought to contribute to the justification of future investments to achieve the goal of measles elimination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanbing Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of Fujian Province, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Mingliang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of Fujian Province, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Junze Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of Fujian Province, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Hanqing He
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Xuan Deng
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Shuyun Xie
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Ya Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of Fujian Province, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Banerjee A, Suthar R, Vyas S, Singh MP. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis: complication of a vaccine preventable disease. BMJ Case Rep 2018; 11:11/1/e225710. [PMID: 30593525 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2018-225710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is a rare inflammatory-demyelinating disease of central nervous system. Several viral infections and vaccines act as precipitating factor for ADEM. We report an 8-year-old girl presenting with acute-onset flaccid paraparesis and bilateral painless vision loss. MRI brain showed extensive multifocal patchy demyelination and she made good clinical recovery with steroids and intravenous immunoglobulin therapy. She had history of bilateral parotid swelling before the onset of neurological symptoms and diagnosis of mumps was confirmed by positive ELISA in serum. Mumps, usually a benign and self-limited viral infection, rarely can cause severe neurological complications. Hence, we report this case to emphasise the importance of mumps vaccination and the need to strengthen the health policy system for the prevention of disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arundhati Banerjee
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatric Center, Post Graduate Institute of Medical education and Research, Chandigarh, Chandigarh, India
| | - Renu Suthar
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatric Center, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sameer Vyas
- Department of Radiodiagnosis and imaging, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Mini P Singh
- Department of Virology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Beleni AI, Borgmann S. Mumps in the Vaccination Age: Global Epidemiology and the Situation in Germany. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15081618. [PMID: 30065192 PMCID: PMC6121553 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15081618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Vaccination against mumps virus (MuV) (mostly measles-mumps-rubella) is routinely performed in more than 120 countries and has resulted in a distinct decrease of mumps incidence. However, alteration of mumps epidemiology has been observed in several countries after implementation of the vaccine but is sparsely documented. Moreover, outbreaks have occurred after starting vaccination, even in highly vaccinated populations. In the former German Democratic Republic (DDR) mumps was a notifiable disease but vaccination against mumps was not implemented. In the five eastern German states forming the DDR until 1990, mumps was not notifiable until 2001. Except for the lack of reporting between 1990–2000, data from Eastern Germany allow analysis of mumps epidemiology after initiating the vaccination campaign. For the period from 2001 to 2016 the data show that the incidence of mumps dropped notably after initiating vaccines, and was accompanied by an increase of the median age of patients with mumps. In Eastern Germany, no outbreaks were noted, while several outbreaks occurred in Western Germany, possibly due to a lower vaccination rate. Further literature analysis revealed that outbreaks were facilitated by waning immunity and crowding. Nevertheless, although vaccination prevented infection, the course of illness, once infected, was sometimes more complicated. In comparison to non-vaccinated populations, high rates of complicated courses occurred and were marked by orchitis, due to higher age of mumps patients. Therefore, refusing vaccination against mumps increases the risk of severe courses when living in a vaccinated population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea-Ioana Beleni
- Department of Urology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Stefan Borgmann
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Hospital of Ingolstadt, D-85049 Ingolstadt, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Berry AA, Abu-Elyazeed R, Diaz-Perez C, Mufson MA, Harrison CJ, Leonardi M, Twiggs JD, Peltier C, Grogg S, Carbayo A, Shapiro S, Povey M, Baccarini C, Innis BL, Henry O. Two-year antibody persistence in children vaccinated at 12-15 months with a measles-mumps-rubella virus vaccine without human serum albumin. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2017; 13:1516-1522. [PMID: 28481690 PMCID: PMC5512763 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2017.1309486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
One combined measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine without Human Serum Albumin (HSA) is currently licensed in the USA (M-M-R II; Merck, USA) and another has been developed (Priorix™ [MMR-RIT, GSK, Belgium]). In this follow-up study, children from USA or Puerto Rico, who had received one dose of M-M-R II or MMR-RIT at 12-15 months of age in the primary study (NCT00861744), were followed-up for 2 y post-vaccination. Anti-measles and anti-rubella antibodies were measured using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), and anti-mumps antibodies using ELISA and plaque reduction neutralization (PRN) assays. Serious adverse events (SAEs) were recorded during the entire follow-up. The according-to-protocol (ATP) persistence cohort included 752 children (M-M-R II = 186, MMR-RIT = 566), who received primary vaccination at a mean age of 12.3 ( ± 0.67) months. 104 children were revaccinated with MMR-containing vaccines; therefore, serology results for timepoints after revaccination were excluded from the analysis. Seropositivity for measles (Year 1≥ 98.3%; Year 2≥ 99.4%) and rubella (Year 1≥ 98.9%; Year 2 = 100%) remained as high at Year 2 as at Day 42. Similarly, seropositivity for mumps determined by ELISA (Year 1≥ 90.1%; Year 2≥ 94.1%) and PRN assays (Year 1≥ 87.5%; Year 2≥ 91.7%) persisted. Thirty-three SAEs were recorded in 23 children; 2 SAEs (inguinal adenitis and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura) and one SAE (febrile convulsion) were considered as potentially related to MMR-RIT and M-M-R II, respectively. This study showed that antibodies against measles, mumps and rubella persisted for up to 2 y post-vaccination with either MMR vaccine in children aged 12-15 months, and that both vaccines were well-tolerated during the follow-up period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea A Berry
- a Center for Vaccine Development , Institute for Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | | | - Clemente Diaz-Perez
- c School of Medicine, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan PR , Puerto Rico
| | - Maurice A Mufson
- d Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University , Huntington , WV , USA
| | - Christopher J Harrison
- e Children's Mercy Hospital and Clinics, and University of Missouri at Kansas City , Kansas City , MO , USA
| | | | | | | | - Stanley Grogg
- i Oklahoma State University, Center for Health Sciences , Tulsa , OK , USA
| | - Antonio Carbayo
- j Full Health University Medical Clinic , Santa Ana , CA , USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kabisch N, Haase D, Annerstedt van den Bosch M. Adding Natural Areas to Social Indicators of Intra-Urban Health Inequalities among Children: A Case Study from Berlin, Germany. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 13:E783. [PMID: 27527197 PMCID: PMC4997469 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13080783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Research suggests that there is a relationship between the health of urban populations and the availability of green and water spaces in their daily environment. In this paper, we analyze the potential intra-urban relationships between children's health determinants and outcomes and natural areas in Berlin, Germany. In particular, health indicators such as deficits in viso-motoric development in children are related to environmental indicators such as the natural area cover, natural area per capita and distance to natural areas; however, these indicators are also correlated with social determinants of health. The methodological approach used in this study included bivariate and multivariate analyses to explore the relations between health inequalities and social, socio-economic, and land use parameters. The results on a sub-district level indicated that there was a correlation between natural areas and social health determinants, both of which displayed a certain intra-urban spatial pattern. In particular, a lower percentage of natural area cover was correlated with deficits in viso-motoric development. However, results with percentage of natural area cover and per capita natural area with childhood overweight were not conclusive. No significant correlation was found for percentage of natural area cover and overweight, while significant negative correlation values were found between overweight and per capita natural area. This was identified particularly in the districts that had lower social conditions. On the other hand, the districts with the highest social conditions had the comparatively lowest levels of complete measles immunization. This study may facilitate public health work by identifying the urban areas in which the strengthening of health resources and actions should be prioritized and also calls for the inclusion of natural areas among the social health indicators included in intra-urban health inequality tools.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadja Kabisch
- Department of Geography, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin 10099, Germany.
- Department of Ecosystem Services, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Leipzig 04318, Germany.
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig 04103, Germany.
| | - Dagmar Haase
- Department of Geography, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin 10099, Germany.
- Department of Computational Landscape Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Leipzig 04318, Germany.
| | - Matilda Annerstedt van den Bosch
- Department of Work Science, Business Economics and Environmental Psychology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp 23053, Sweden.
- School of Population and Public Health and Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Tabacchi G, Costantino C, Napoli G, Marchese V, Cracchiolo M, Casuccio A, Vitale F. Determinants of European parents' decision on the vaccination of their children against measles, mumps and rubella: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2016; 12:1909-23. [PMID: 27163657 PMCID: PMC4964810 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2016.1151990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Low measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) immunization levels in European children highlight the importance of identifying determinants of parental vaccine uptake to implement policies for increasing vaccine compliance. The aim of this paper is to identify the main factors associated with partial and full MMR vaccination uptake in European parents, and combine the different studies to obtain overall quantitative measures. This activity is included within the ESCULAPIO project, funded by the Italian Ministry of Health. ORs and CIs were extracted, sources of heterogeneity explored and publication bias assessed. Forty-five papers were retrieved for the qualitative study, 26 of which were included in the meta-analysis. The following factors were associated with lower MMR vaccine uptake: misleading knowledge, beliefs and perceptions on vaccines (OR 0.57, CI 0.37-0.87); negative attitudes and behaviors toward vaccination (OR 0.71, CI 0.52-0.98); demographic characteristics, such as different ethnicity in Southern populations (OR 0.44, CI 0.31-0.61), higher child's age (OR 0.80, CI 0.76-0.85); low socio-economic status (OR 0.64, CI 0.51-0.80), especially low income (OR 0.39, CI 0.25-0.60) and education (OR 0.64, CI 0.48-0.84), high number of children (OR 0.54, CI 0.42-0.69), irregular marital status (OR 0.80, CI 0.66-0.96). The factors explaining heterogeneity were country location, administration modality, collection setting and responses reported on MMR alone or in combination. Findings from this study suggest policy makers to focus communication strategies on providing better knowledge, correct beliefs and perceptions on vaccines, and improving attitudes and behaviors in parents; and to target policies to people of ethnic minority from Southern Europe, low educated and deprived, with higher number of children and non-married marital status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Garden Tabacchi
- a Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother-Child Care "G.D'Alessandro ", University of Palermo , Palermo , Italy
| | - Claudio Costantino
- a Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother-Child Care "G.D'Alessandro ", University of Palermo , Palermo , Italy
| | - Giuseppe Napoli
- a Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother-Child Care "G.D'Alessandro ", University of Palermo , Palermo , Italy
| | - Valentina Marchese
- a Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother-Child Care "G.D'Alessandro ", University of Palermo , Palermo , Italy
| | - Manuela Cracchiolo
- a Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother-Child Care "G.D'Alessandro ", University of Palermo , Palermo , Italy
| | - Alessandra Casuccio
- a Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother-Child Care "G.D'Alessandro ", University of Palermo , Palermo , Italy
| | - Francesco Vitale
- a Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother-Child Care "G.D'Alessandro ", University of Palermo , Palermo , Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Santacruz-Sanmartín E, Hincapié-Palacio D, Ospina MC, Perez-Toro O, Bernal-Restrepo LM, Buitrago-Giraldo S, Lenis-Ballesteros V, Díaz FJ. Seroprevalence of mumps in an epidemic period in Medellín, Colombia. Vaccine 2015; 33:5606-5612. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.08.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Revised: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|