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Guo X, He C, Xin S, Gao H, Wang B, Liu X, Zhang S, Gong F, Yu X, Pan L, Sun F, Xu J. Current perspective on biological properties of plasmacytoid dendritic cells and dysfunction in gut. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e1005. [PMID: 37773693 PMCID: PMC10510335 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), a subtype of DC, possess unique developmental, morphological, and functional traits that have sparked much debate over the years whether they should be categorized as DCs. The digestive system has the greatest mucosal tissue overall, and the pDC therein is responsible for shaping the adaptive and innate immunity of the gastrointestinal tract, resisting pathogen invasion through generating type I interferons, presenting antigens, and participating in immunological responses. Therefore, its alleged importance in the gut has received a lot of attention in recent years, and a fresh functional overview is still required. Here, we summarize the current understanding of mouse and human pDCs, ranging from their formation and different qualities compared with related cell types to their functional characteristics in intestinal disorders, including colon cancer, infections, autoimmune diseases, and intestinal graft-versus-host disease. The purpose of this review is to convey our insights, demonstrate the limits of existing research, and lay a theoretical foundation for the rational development and use of pDCs in future clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueran Guo
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Beijing An Zhen HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Chengwei He
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Shuzi Xin
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Han Gao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Aerospace Center HospitalPeking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Boya Wang
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing)Peking University Cancer Hospital & InstituteBeijingChina
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Sitian Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Fengrong Gong
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xinyi Yu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Luming Pan
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Fangling Sun
- Department of Laboratory Animal Research, Xuan Wu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jingdong Xu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
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2
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Arroyo Hornero R, Idoyaga J. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells: A dendritic cell in disguise. Mol Immunol 2023; 159:38-45. [PMID: 37269733 PMCID: PMC10625168 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2023.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Since their discovery, the identity of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) has been at the center of a continuous dispute in the field, and their classification as dendritic cells (DCs) has been recently re-challenged. pDCs are different enough from the rest of the DC family members to be considered a lineage of cells on their own. Unlike the exclusive myeloid ontogeny of cDCs, pDCs may have dual origin developing from myeloid and lymphoid progenitors. Moreover, pDCs have the unique ability to quickly secrete abundant levels of type I interferon (IFN-I) in response to viral infections. In addition, pDCs undergo a differentiation process after pathogen recognition that allows them to activate T cells, a feature that has been shown to be independent of presumed contaminating cells. Here, we aim to provide an overview of the historic and current understanding of pDCs and argue that their classification as either lymphoid or myeloid may be an oversimplification. Instead, we propose that the capacity of pDCs to link the innate and adaptive immune response by directly sensing pathogens and activating adaptive immune responses justify their inclusion within the DC network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Arroyo Hornero
- Microbiology & Immunology Department, and Immunology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Juliana Idoyaga
- Microbiology & Immunology Department, and Immunology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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ZEKEY E, KARABAGLİ P, SAYLAM KURTİPEK G. Adalimumab induced severe paradoxical psoriasis in a patient with ankylosing spondylitis. CUKUROVA MEDICAL JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.17826/cumj.1170774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-tumor necrosis factor (Anti-TNF)’s have been used frequently in rheumatology and dermatology. These drugs may couse psoriasiform lesions paradoxically. In this report, ankylosing spondylitis patient who developed severe paradoxical psoriasis while being treated with adalimumab was discussed.
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hsa-miR-9-5p-Mediated TSPAN9 Downregulation Is Positively Related to Both Poor Hepatocellular Carcinoma Prognosis and the Tumor Immune Infiltration. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:9051229. [PMID: 35600044 PMCID: PMC9119760 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9051229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tetraspanins (TSPANs) play crucial roles in cell adhesion, migration, and metastasis of human cancer. However, there is no study in revealing the aspects of TSPAN9 traits and its functions in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) prognosis. Our study is the first to portray the TSPAN9 expression in HCC tissues with immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis. Subsequently, a series of bioinformatics analyses such as expression estimation, survival assessment, and correlation analysis were implemented to dig out the possible upstream noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) for TSPAN9 in HCC. In this way, the relevance within TSPAN9 and tumor immunity was then explored. We found that the TSPAN9 was downregulated in HCC tissues and had a correlation with HCC prognosis. Furthermore, we identified that the AL139383.1-hsa-miR-9-5p axis was the upstream ncRNA-related pathway most associated with TSPAN9 in HCC. Besides that, expression of TSPAN9 held a significantly negative correlation with tumor immunocyte infiltration as well as immune checkpoint CTLA4. TSPAN9-related immunomodulators were mainly enriched in T cell activation, leukocyte cell-cell adhesion, regulation of T cell activation, and regulation of leukocyte cell-cell adhesion signaling pathway. In conclusion, our results indicated that hsa-miR-9-5p-mediated downregulation of TSPAN9 was associated with poor HCC prognosis, immune-related signaling pathway, and tumor immune infiltration.
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Kim K, Kim YG, Jung SW, Kim YG, Lee SH, Kwon SH, Moon JY. Three-Dimensional Visualization With Tissue Clearing Uncovers Dynamic Alterations of Renal Resident Mononuclear Phagocytes After Acute Kidney Injury. Front Immunol 2022; 13:844919. [PMID: 35359999 PMCID: PMC8960144 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.844919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional histologic methods are limited in detecting dynamic changes in immune cells during acute kidney injury (AKI). Recently, optical tissue clearing combined with multiphoton microscopy (MPM) or light sheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM) has become an emerging method for deep tissue evaluation and three-dimensional visualization. These new approaches have helped expand our understanding of tissue injury and repair processes, including tracing the changes in immune cells. We designed this study to investigate the morphological and functional alterations of renal mononuclear phagocytes (MNPs) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced AKI using renal clearing in CD11c-YFP mice. We also evaluated the effect of the NLRP3 inhibitor MCC950 to determine whether NLRP3 inhibition attenuates the activation of CD11c+ cells in an LPS-induced AKI model. Transverse sectioned whole mouse kidney imaging by LSFM showed that CD11c+ cells were mainly distributed in the cortex, especially the tubulointerstitial area. The number of CD11c+ cells was significantly more densely interspersed, particularly in periglomerular and perivascular lesions, in the saline-treated LPS-exposed kidney than in the control kidney. Deep imaging of the kidney cortex by MPM demonstrated an increased number of CD11c+ cells in the saline-treated LPS group compared with the control group. This quantitative alteration of CD11c+ cells in AKI was accompanied by morphological changes at high resolution, showing an increased number and level of dendrites. These morphological and behavioral changes in the saline-treated LPS group were accompanied by increased MHC class II and CD86 on CD11c-YFP+ cells. MCC950 attenuated the activation of CD11c+ cells after AKI and improved renal function. In conclusion, wide and deep three-dimensional visualization using MPM or LSFM combined with kidney clearing uncovers dynamic changes of renal MNPs, which are directly linked to renal function in AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kipyo Kim
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Yun-Gyeong Kim
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University, College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Su Woong Jung
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University, College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yang Gyun Kim
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University, College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang-Ho Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University, College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung-Hae Kwon
- Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ju-Young Moon
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University, College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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6
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Zhang W, Wu P, Yin R, Sun M, Zhang R, Liao X, Lin Y, Lu H. Mendelian Randomization Analysis Suggests No Associations of Herpes Simplex Virus Infections With Multiple Sclerosis. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:817067. [PMID: 35299622 PMCID: PMC8920987 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.817067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested an association between infection with herpes simplex virus (HSV) and liability to multiple sclerosis (MS), but it remains largely unknown whether the effect is causal. We performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study to explore the relationship between genetically predicted HSV infection and MS risk. Genetic instrumental variables for diagnosed infections with HSV (p < 5 × 10–6) were retrieved from the FinnGen study, and single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with circulating immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels of HSV-1 and HSV-2 and corresponding summary-level statistics of MS were obtained from genome-wide association studies of the European-ancestry. Inverse-variance weighted MR was employed as the primary method and multiple sensitivity analyses were performed. Genetically proxied infection with HSV was not associated with the risk of MS (odds ratio [OR], 0.96; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.90–1.02; p = 0.22) per one-unit increase in log-OR of herpes viral infections. MR results provided no evidence for the relationship between circulating HSV-1 IgG levels and MS risks (OR = 0.91; 95% CI, 0.81–1.03; p = 0.37), and suggested no causal effect of HSV-2 IgG (OR = 1.04; 95% CI, 0.96–1.13; p = 0.32). Additional sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of these null findings. The MR study did not support the causal relationship between genetic susceptibly to HSV and MS in the European population. Further studies are still warranted to provide informative knowledge, and triangulating evidence across multiple lines of evidence are necessary to plan interventions for the treatment and prevention of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Zhang
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Pengfei Wu
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Rui Yin
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Meichen Sun
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Rongsen Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoyao Liao
- College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Yuhong Lin
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Lu
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Hui Lu,
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7
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Li JJ, Tsang JY, Tse GM. Tumor Microenvironment in Breast Cancer-Updates on Therapeutic Implications and Pathologic Assessment. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13164233. [PMID: 34439387 PMCID: PMC8394502 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13164233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) in breast cancer comprises local factors, cancer cells, immune cells and stromal cells of the local and distant tissues. The interaction between cancer cells and their microenvironment plays important roles in tumor proliferation, propagation and response to therapies. There is increasing research in exploring and manipulating the non-cancerous components of the TME for breast cancer treatment. As the TME is now increasingly recognized as a treatment target, its pathologic assessment has become a critical component of breast cancer management. The latest WHO classification of tumors of the breast listed stromal response pattern/fibrotic focus as a prognostic factor and includes recommendations on the assessment of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes and PD-1/PD-L1 expression, with therapeutic implications. This review dissects the TME of breast cancer, describes pathologic assessment relevant for prognostication and treatment decision, and details therapeutic options that interacts with and/or exploits the TME in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gary M. Tse
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: 852-3505-2359; Fax: 852-2637-4858
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8
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Cheng W, Yu TT, Tang AP, He Young K, Yu L. Blastic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Neoplasm: Progress in Cell Origin, Molecular Biology, Diagnostic Criteria and Therapeutic Approaches. Curr Med Sci 2021; 41:405-419. [PMID: 34218354 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-021-2393-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is a rare hematological malignancy characterized by recurrent skin nodules, an aggressive clinical course with rapid involvement of hematological organs, and a poor prognosis with poor overall survival. BPDCN is derived from plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) and its pathogenesis is unclear. The tumor cells show aberrant expression of CD4, CD56, interleukin-3 receptor alpha chain (CD123), blood dendritic cell antigen 2 (BDCA 2/CD303), blood dendritic cell antigen 4 (BDCA4) and transcription factor (E protein) E2-2 (TCF4). The best treatment drugs are based on experience by adopting those used for either leukemia or lymphoma. Relapse with drug resistance generally occurs quickly. Stem cell transplantation after the first complete remission is recommended and tagraxofusp is the first targeted therapy. In this review, we summarize the differentiation of BPDCN from its cell origin, its connection with normal pDCs, clinical characteristics, genetic mutations and advances in treatment of BPDCN. This review provides insights into the mechanisms of and new therapeutic approaches for BPDCN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Cheng
- Department of Hematology, the Second Affiliate Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Tian-Tian Yu
- Department of Hematology, the Second Affiliate Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Ai-Ping Tang
- Department of Hematology, the Second Affiliate Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Ken He Young
- Division of Hematopathology and Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, 27710, USA
| | - Li Yu
- Department of Hematology, the Second Affiliate Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China.
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9
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Soto JA, Gálvez NMS, Andrade CA, Pacheco GA, Bohmwald K, Berrios RV, Bueno SM, Kalergis AM. The Role of Dendritic Cells During Infections Caused by Highly Prevalent Viruses. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1513. [PMID: 32765522 PMCID: PMC7378533 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are a type of innate immune cells with major relevance in the establishment of an adaptive response, as they are responsible for the activation of lymphocytes. Since their discovery, several reports of their role during infectious diseases have been performed, highlighting their functions and their mechanisms of action. DCs can be categorized into different subsets, and each of these subsets expresses a wide arrange of receptors and molecules that aid them in the clearance of invading pathogens. Interferon (IFN) is a cytokine -a molecule of protein origin- strongly associated with antiviral immune responses. This cytokine is secreted by different cell types and is fundamental in the modulation of both innate and adaptive immune responses against viral infections. Particularly, DCs are one of the most important immune cells that produce IFN, with type I IFNs (α and β) highlighting as the most important, as they are associated with viral clearance. Type I IFN secretion can be induced via different pathways, activated by various components of the virus, such as surface proteins or genetic material. These molecules can trigger the activation of the IFN pathway trough surface receptors, including IFNAR, TLR4, or some intracellular receptors, such as TLR7, TLR9, and TLR3. Here, we discuss various types of dendritic cells found in humans and mice; their contribution to the activation of the antiviral response triggered by the secretion of IFN, through different routes of the induction for this important antiviral cytokine; and as to how DCs are involved in human infections that are considered highly frequent nowadays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge A Soto
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Milenio de Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nicolas M S Gálvez
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Milenio de Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Catalina A Andrade
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Milenio de Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gaspar A Pacheco
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Milenio de Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Karen Bohmwald
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Milenio de Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Roslye V Berrios
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Milenio de Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Susan M Bueno
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Milenio de Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alexis M Kalergis
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Milenio de Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Endocrinología, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto Milenio de Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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10
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Audiger C, Fois A, Thomas AL, Janssen E, Pelletier M, Lesage S. Merocytic Dendritic Cells Compose a Conventional Dendritic Cell Subset with Low Metabolic Activity. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 205:121-132. [PMID: 32461238 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) are arguably the most potent APCs that induce the activation of naive T cells in response to pathogens. In addition, at steady-state, cDCs help maintain immune tolerance. Two subsets of cDCs have been extensively characterized, namely cDC1 and cDC2, each contributing differently to immune responses. Recently, another dendritic cell (DC) subset, termed merocytic DCs (mcDCs), was defined. In contrast to both cDC1 and cDC2, mcDCs reverse T cell anergy, properties that could be exploited to potentiate cancer treatments. Yet, whether mcDCs represent an unconventional DC or a cDC subset remains to be defined. In this article, we further characterize mcDCs and find that they bear true characteristics of cDC subsets. Indeed, as for cDCs, mcDCs express the cDC-restricted transcription factor Zbtb46 and display very potent APC activity. In addition, mcDC population dynamics parallels that of cDC1 and cDC2 in both reconstitution kinetic studies and parabiotic mice. We next investigated their relatedness to cDC1 and cDC2 and demonstrate that mcDCs are not dependent on cDC1-related Irf8 and Batf3 transcription factors, are dependent on Irf4, a cDC2-specific transcription factor, and express a unique transcriptomic signature. Finally, we find that cDC1, cDC2, and mcDCs all present with different metabolic phenotypes, in which mcDCs exhibit the lowest glucose uptake activity and mcDC survival is the least affected by glycolysis inhibition. Defining the properties of mcDCs in mice may help identify a functionally equivalent subset in humans leading to the development of innovative cancer immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Audiger
- Department of Immunology-Oncology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montreal, Quebec H1T 2M4, Canada.,Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Adrien Fois
- Department of Immunology-Oncology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montreal, Quebec H1T 2M4, Canada.,Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Alyssa L Thomas
- Immunology Graduate Program, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229.,Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229
| | - Edith Janssen
- Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA 19477
| | - Martin Pelletier
- Axe Maladies Infectieuses et Immunitaires, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec G1V 4G2, Canada; and.,Département de Microbiologie-Infectiologie et d'Immunologie, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Sylvie Lesage
- Department of Immunology-Oncology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montreal, Quebec H1T 2M4, Canada; .,Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
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11
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Elleuch F, Baril P, Barkallah M, Perche F, Abdelkafi S, Fendri I, Pichon C. Deciphering the Biological Activities of Dunaliella sp. Aqueous Extract from Stressed Conditions on Breast Cancer: from in Vitro to in Vivo Investigations. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1719. [PMID: 32138292 PMCID: PMC7084689 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to harness local resources to improve well-being and human health, we aim in this study to investigate if the microalgae Dunaliella sp. isolated from the Tunisian coastal zone possesses any anticancer activity. Dunaliella sp. was cultured under normal (DSC) or stressed (DSS) conditions and extracted using different procedures. The biological activity assessment was performed on the Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) using 4T1 murine cells as a model. Results indicate that: (i) aqueous extract was the most cytotoxic compared to ethanolic and hydroalcoholic extracts; (ii) DSS activity was superior to that of DSC. DSS extracts induced apoptosis rather than necrosis, as evidenced by DNA fragmentation, PARP-1 cleavage and caspase-3 activation. Evaluation in an orthotopic TNBC model validated the anticancer activity in vivo. Intratumoral injection of DSS extract resulted in reduced tumor growth and an enhanced immune system activation. On the transcriptional side, the expression level of the immunosuppressive enzyme Arg-1 was decreased, as well as those of NOS-2 and COX-2 genes. These results suggest a potential anticancer activity of Tunisian Dunaliella sp. deserving further attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Elleuch
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Végétale Appliquée à l’Amélioration des Cultures, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia;
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire (CBM), CNRS UPR 4301, 45071 Orleans, France; (P.B.); (F.P.)
| | - Patrick Baril
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire (CBM), CNRS UPR 4301, 45071 Orleans, France; (P.B.); (F.P.)
| | - Mohamed Barkallah
- Unité de Biotechnologie des Algues, Ecole Nationale d’Ingénieurs de Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia; (M.B.); (S.A.)
| | - Federico Perche
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire (CBM), CNRS UPR 4301, 45071 Orleans, France; (P.B.); (F.P.)
| | - Slim Abdelkafi
- Unité de Biotechnologie des Algues, Ecole Nationale d’Ingénieurs de Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia; (M.B.); (S.A.)
| | - Imen Fendri
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Végétale Appliquée à l’Amélioration des Cultures, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia;
| | - Chantal Pichon
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire (CBM), CNRS UPR 4301, 45071 Orleans, France; (P.B.); (F.P.)
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12
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Monti M, Consoli F, Vescovi R, Bugatti M, Vermi W. Human Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells and Cutaneous Melanoma. Cells 2020; 9:E417. [PMID: 32054102 PMCID: PMC7072514 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The prognosis of metastatic melanoma (MM) patients has remained poor for a long time. However, the recent introduction of effective target therapies (BRAF and MEK inhibitors for BRAFV600-mutated MM) and immunotherapies (anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1) has significantly improved the survival of MM patients. Notably, all these responses are highly dependent on the fitness of the host immune system, including the innate compartment. Among immune cells involved in cancer immunity, properly activated plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) exert an important role, bridging the innate and adaptive immune responses and directly eliminating cancer cells. A distinctive feature of pDCs is the production of high amount of type I Interferon (I-IFN), through the Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7 and 9 signaling pathway activation. However, published data indicate that melanoma-associated escape mechanisms are in place to hijack pDC functions. We have recently reported that pDC recruitment is recurrent in the early phases of melanoma, but the entire pDC compartment collapses over melanoma progression. Here, we summarize recent advances on pDC biology and function within the context of melanoma immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matilde Monti
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (M.M.); (R.V.); (M.B.)
| | - Francesca Consoli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, Medical Oncology, University of Brescia at ASST-Spedali Civili, 25123 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Raffaella Vescovi
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (M.M.); (R.V.); (M.B.)
| | - Mattia Bugatti
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (M.M.); (R.V.); (M.B.)
| | - William Vermi
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (M.M.); (R.V.); (M.B.)
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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Dewald HK, Hurley HJ, Fitzgerald-Bocarsly P. Regulation of Transcription Factor E2-2 in Human Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells by Monocyte-Derived TNFα. Viruses 2020; 12:v12020162. [PMID: 32023836 PMCID: PMC7077321 DOI: 10.3390/v12020162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are innate immune cells and potent producers of interferon alpha (IFNα). Regulation of pDCs is crucial for prevention of aberrant IFN production. Transcription factor E2-2 (TCF4) regulates pDC development and function, but mechanisms of E2-2 control have not been investigated. We used freshly-isolated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated with toll-like receptor 7, 9, and 4 agonists to determine which factors regulate E2-2. After activation, pDCs decreased E2-2 expression. E2-2 downregulation occurred during the upregulation of costimulatory markers, after maximal IFN production. In congruence with previous reports in mice, we found that primary human pDCs that maintained high E2-2 levels produced more IFN, and had less expression of costimulatory markers. Stimulation of purified pDCs did not lead to E2-2 downregulation; therefore, we investigated if cytokine signaling regulates E2-2 expression. We found that tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) produced by monocytes caused decreased E2-2 expression. All together, we established that primary human pDCs decrease E2-2 in response to TNFα and E2-2 low pDCs produce less IFN but exhibit more costimulatory molecules. Altered expression of E2-2 may represent a mechanism to attenuate IFN production and increase activation of the adaptive immune compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah K. Dewald
- Rutgers School of Graduate Studies, Newark, NJ 07103, USA; (H.K.D.); (H.J.H.)
| | - Harry J. Hurley
- Rutgers School of Graduate Studies, Newark, NJ 07103, USA; (H.K.D.); (H.J.H.)
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Patricia Fitzgerald-Bocarsly
- Rutgers School of Graduate Studies, Newark, NJ 07103, USA; (H.K.D.); (H.J.H.)
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-973-972-5233
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14
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Fania L, Morelli M, Scarponi C, Mercurio L, Scopelliti F, Cattani C, Scaglione GL, Tonanzi T, Pilla MA, Pagnanelli G, Mazzanti C, Girolomoni G, Cavani A, Madonna S, Albanesi C. Paradoxical psoriasis induced by TNF-α blockade shows immunological features typical of the early phase of psoriasis development. JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY CLINICAL RESEARCH 2019; 6:55-68. [PMID: 31577850 PMCID: PMC6966707 DOI: 10.1002/cjp2.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Immunomodulation with anti‐TNF‐α is highly effective in the treatment of various immune‐mediated inflammatory diseases, including hidradenitis suppurativa (HS). However, this may be responsible for unexpected paradoxical psoriasiform reactions. The pathogenic mechanisms underlying the induction of these events are not clear, even though the involvement of innate immune responses driven by plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) has been described. In addition, the genetic predisposition to psoriasis of patients could be determinant. In this study, we investigated the immunological and genetic profiles of three HS patients without psoriasis who developed paradoxical psoriasiform reactions following anti‐TNF‐α therapy with adalimumab. We found that paradoxical psoriasiform skin reactions show immunological features common to the early phases of psoriasis development, characterized by cellular players of innate immunity, such as pDC, neutrophils, mast cells, macrophages, and monocytes. In addition, IFN‐β and IFN‐α2a, two type I IFNs typical of early psoriasis, were highly expressed in paradoxical skin reactions. Concomitantly, other innate immunity molecules, such as the catheledicin LL37 and lymphotoxin (LT)‐α and LT‐β were overproduced. Interestingly, these innate immunity molecules were abundantly expressed by keratinocytes, in addition to the inflammatory infiltrate. In contrast to classical psoriasis, psoriasiform lesions of HS patients showed a reduced number of IFN‐γ and TNF‐α‐releasing T lymphocytes. On the contrary, IL‐22 immunoreactivity was significantly augmented together with the IL‐36γ staining in leukocytes infiltrating the dermis. Finally, we found that all HS patients with paradoxical reactions carried allelic variants in genes predisposing to psoriasis. Among them, SNPs in ERAP1, NFKBIZ, and TNFAIP genes and in the HLA‐C genomic region were found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Fania
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology and 1st Dermatology Division, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Morelli
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology and 1st Dermatology Division, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Section of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Claudia Scarponi
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology and 1st Dermatology Division, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Mercurio
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology and 1st Dermatology Division, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Fernanda Scopelliti
- Istituto Nazionale per la promozione della salute delle popolazioni Migranti ed il contrasto delle malattie della Povertà, INMP, Rome, Italy
| | - Caterina Cattani
- Istituto Nazionale per la promozione della salute delle popolazioni Migranti ed il contrasto delle malattie della Povertà, INMP, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Luca Scaglione
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology and 1st Dermatology Division, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, "Giovanni Paolo II" Foundation, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Tiziano Tonanzi
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology and 1st Dermatology Division, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Antonietta Pilla
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology and 1st Dermatology Division, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Pagnanelli
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology and 1st Dermatology Division, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Cinzia Mazzanti
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology and 1st Dermatology Division, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giampiero Girolomoni
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Andrea Cavani
- Istituto Nazionale per la promozione della salute delle popolazioni Migranti ed il contrasto delle malattie della Povertà, INMP, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Madonna
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology and 1st Dermatology Division, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Albanesi
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology and 1st Dermatology Division, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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15
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Gulubova M. Myeloid and Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells and Cancer - New Insights. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2019; 7:3324-3340. [PMID: 31949539 PMCID: PMC6953922 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) use effective mechanisms to combat antigens and to bring about adaptive immune responses through their ability to stimulate näive T cells. At present, four major cell types are categorised as DCs: Classical or conventional (cDCs), Plasmacytoid (pDCs), Langerhans cells (LCs), and monocyte-derived DCs (Mo-DCs). It was suggested that pDCs, CD1c+ DCs and CD141+ DCs in humans are equivalent to mouse pDCs, CD11b+ DCs and CD8α+ DCs, respectively. Human CD141+ DCs compared to mouse CD8α+ DCs have remarkable functional and transcriptomic similarities. Characteristic markers, transcription factors, toll-like receptors, T helpers (Th) polarisation, cytokines, etc. of DCs are discussed in this review. Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) I and II antigen presentation, cross-presentation and Th polarisation are defined, and the dual role of DCs in the tumour is discussed. Human DCs are the main immune cells that orchestrate the immune response in the tumour microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Gulubova
- Department of General and Clinical Pathology, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
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16
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Dress RJ, Dutertre CA, Giladi A, Schlitzer A, Low I, Shadan NB, Tay A, Lum J, Kairi MFBM, Hwang YY, Becht E, Cheng Y, Chevrier M, Larbi A, Newell EW, Amit I, Chen J, Ginhoux F. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells develop from Ly6D+ lymphoid progenitors distinct from the myeloid lineage. Nat Immunol 2019; 20:852-864. [DOI: 10.1038/s41590-019-0420-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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17
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Alculumbre S, Raieli S, Hoffmann C, Chelbi R, Danlos FX, Soumelis V. Plasmacytoid pre-dendritic cells (pDC): from molecular pathways to function and disease association. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2019; 86:24-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2018.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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18
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Mylonas A, Conrad C. Psoriasis: Classical vs. Paradoxical. The Yin-Yang of TNF and Type I Interferon. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2746. [PMID: 30555460 PMCID: PMC6283263 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic plaque psoriasis is a common debilitating skin disease. The identification of the pathogenic role of the TNF/IL-23/TH17 pathway has enabled the development of targeted therapies used in the clinic today. Particularly, TNF inhibitors have become a benchmark for the treatment of numerous chronic inflammatory diseases such as psoriasis. Although being highly effective in psoriasis treatment, anti-TNFs can themselves induce psoriasis-like skin lesions, a side effect called paradoxical psoriasis. In this review, we provide a comprehensive look at the different cellular and molecular players involved in classical plaque psoriasis and contrast its pathogenesis to paradoxical psoriasis, which is clinically similar but immunologically distinct. Classical psoriasis is a T-cell mediated autoimmune disease driven by TNF, characterised by T-cells memory, and a relapsing disease course. In contrast, paradoxical psoriasis is caused by the absence of TNF and represents an ongoing type-I interferon-driven innate inflammation that fails to elicit T-cell autoimmunity and lacks memory T cell-mediated relapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Mylonas
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Curdin Conrad
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
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19
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20
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Conrad C, Di Domizio J, Mylonas A, Belkhodja C, Demaria O, Navarini AA, Lapointe AK, French LE, Vernez M, Gilliet M. TNF blockade induces a dysregulated type I interferon response without autoimmunity in paradoxical psoriasis. Nat Commun 2018; 9:25. [PMID: 29295985 PMCID: PMC5750213 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-02466-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Although anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) agents are highly effective in the treatment of psoriasis, 2–5% of treated patients develop psoriasis-like skin lesions called paradoxical psoriasis. The pathogenesis of this side effect and its distinction from classical psoriasis remain unknown. Here we show that skin lesions from patients with paradoxical psoriasis are characterized by a selective overexpression of type I interferons, dermal accumulation of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC), and reduced T-cell numbers, when compared to classical psoriasis. Anti-TNF treatment prolongs type I interferon production by pDCs through inhibition of their maturation. The resulting type I interferon overexpression is responsible for the skin phenotype of paradoxical psoriasis, which, unlike classical psoriasis, is independent of T cells. These findings indicate that paradoxical psoriasis represents an ongoing overactive innate inflammatory process, driven by pDC-derived type I interferon that does not lead to T-cell autoimmunity. The pathogenesis of paradoxical psoriasis in patients receiving anti-TNF treatments for classical psoriasis is unclear. Here, the authors show that anti-TNF drugs enhance the production of type I interferon by plasmacytoid dendritic cells, causing skin lesions that, unlike classical psoriasis, lack T- cell autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Curdin Conrad
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital CHUV, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland.
| | - Jeremy Di Domizio
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital CHUV, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland
| | - Alessio Mylonas
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital CHUV, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland
| | - Cyrine Belkhodja
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital CHUV, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Demaria
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital CHUV, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland
| | - Alexander A Navarini
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, 8091, Switzerland
| | - Anne-Karine Lapointe
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital CHUV, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland
| | - Lars E French
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, 8091, Switzerland
| | - Maxime Vernez
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital CHUV, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland
| | - Michel Gilliet
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital CHUV, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland.
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21
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Manches O, Muniz LR, Bhardwaj N. Dendritic Cell Biology. Hematology 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-35762-3.00023-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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22
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Finotti G, Tamassia N, Cassatella MA. Interferon-λs and Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells: A Close Relationship. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1015. [PMID: 28878776 PMCID: PMC5572322 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferon lambdas (IFNλs) are recently discovered cytokines acting not only at the first line of defense against viral infections but also at the mucosal barriers. In fact, a peculiar feature of the IFNλ system is the restricted expression of the functional IFNλR, which is known to be limited to epithelial cells and discrete leukocyte subsets, including the plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs). In the latter case, current data, discussed in this minireview, indicate that IFNλs positively regulate various pDC functions, including pDC expression of interferon-dependent gene (ISG) mRNAs, production of cytokines, survival, and phenotype. Although the knowledge of the effects on pDCs by IFNλs is still incomplete, we speculate that the peculiar pDC responsiveness to IFNλs provide unique advantages for these innate immune cells, not only for viral infections but also during autoimmune disorders and/or tumors, in which pDC involvement and activation variably contribute to their pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Finotti
- Department of Medicine, Section of General Pathology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Nicola Tamassia
- Department of Medicine, Section of General Pathology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Marco A Cassatella
- Department of Medicine, Section of General Pathology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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23
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Volovitz I, Melzer S, Amar S, Bocsi J, Bloch M, Efroni S, Ram Z, Tárnok A. Dendritic Cells in the Context of Human Tumors: Biology and Experimental Tools. Int Rev Immunol 2016; 35:116-35. [DOI: 10.3109/08830185.2015.1096935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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24
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Neoplasms derived from plasmacytoid dendritic cells. Mod Pathol 2016; 29:98-111. [PMID: 26743477 DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2015.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasms manifest in two clinically and pathologically distinct forms. The first variant is represented by nodular aggregates of clonally expanded plasmacytoid dendritic cells found in lymph nodes, skin, and bone marrow ('Mature plasmacytoid dendritic cells proliferation associated with myeloid neoplasms'). This entity is rare, although likely underestimated in incidence, and affects predominantly males. Almost invariably, it is associated with a myeloid neoplasm such as chronic myelomonocytic leukemia or other myeloid proliferations with monocytic differentiation. The concurrent myeloid neoplasm dominates the clinical pictures and guides treatment. The prognosis is usually dismal, but reflects the evolution of the associated myeloid leukemia rather than progressive expansion of plasmacytoid dendritic cells. A second form of plasmacytoid dendritic cells tumor has been recently reported and described as 'blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm'. In this tumor, which is characterized by a distinctive cutaneous and bone marrow tropism, proliferating cells derive from immediate CD4(+)CD56(+) precursors of plasmacytoid dendritic cells. The diagnosis of this form can be easily accomplished by immunohistochemistry, using a panel of plasmacytoid dendritic cells markers. The clinical course of blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm is characterized by a rapid progression to systemic disease via hematogenous dissemination. The genomic landscape of this entity is currently under intense investigation. Recurrent somatic mutations have been uncovered in different genes, a finding that may open important perspectives for precision medicine also for this rare, but highly aggressive leukemia.
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Alyaqoub FS, Aldhamen YA, Koestler BJ, Bruger EL, Seregin SS, Pereira-Hicks C, Godbehere S, Waters CM, Amalfitano A. In Vivo Synthesis of Cyclic-di-GMP Using a Recombinant Adenovirus Preferentially Improves Adaptive Immune Responses against Extracellular Antigens. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 196:1741-52. [PMID: 26792800 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1501272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
There is a compelling need for more effective vaccine adjuvants to augment induction of Ag-specific adaptive immune responses. Recent reports suggested the bacterial second messenger bis-(3'-5')-cyclic-dimeric-guanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP) acts as an innate immune system modulator. We recently incorporated a Vibrio cholerae diguanylate cyclase into an adenovirus vaccine, fostering production of c-di-GMP as well as proinflammatory responses in mice. In this study, we recombined a more potent diguanylate cyclase gene, VCA0848, into a nonreplicating adenovirus serotype 5 (AdVCA0848) that produces elevated amounts of c-di-GMP when expressed in mammalian cells in vivo. This novel platform further improved induction of type I IFN-β and activation of innate and adaptive immune cells early after administration into mice as compared with control vectors. Coadministration of the extracellular protein OVA and the AdVCA0848 adjuvant significantly improved OVA-specific T cell responses as detected by IFN-γ and IL-2 ELISPOT, while also improving OVA-specific humoral B cell adaptive responses. In addition, we found that coadministration of AdVCA0848 with another adenovirus serotype 5 vector expressing the HIV-1-derived Gag Ag or the Clostridium difficile-derived toxin B resulted in significant inhibitory effects on the induction of Gag and toxin B-specific adaptive immune responses. As a proof of principle, these data confirm that in vivo synthesis of c-di-GMP stimulates strong innate immune responses that correlate with enhanced adaptive immune responses to concomitantly administered extracellular Ag, which can be used as an adjuvant to heighten effective immune responses for protein-based vaccine platforms against microbial infections and cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadel S Alyaqoub
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
| | - Yasser A Aldhamen
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
| | - Benjamin J Koestler
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824; BEACON Center for the Study of Evolution in Action, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824; and
| | - Eric L Bruger
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824; BEACON Center for the Study of Evolution in Action, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824; and
| | - Sergey S Seregin
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
| | - Cristiane Pereira-Hicks
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
| | - Sarah Godbehere
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
| | - Christopher M Waters
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824; BEACON Center for the Study of Evolution in Action, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824; and
| | - Andrea Amalfitano
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824; Department of Pediatrics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
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Wilhelm TR, Taddeo A, Winter O, Schulz AR, Mälzer JN, Domingo C, Biesen R, Alexander T, Thiel A, Radbruch A, Hiepe F, Gerl V. Siglec-1-positive plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) in human peripheral blood: A semi-mature and myeloid-like subset imbalanced during protective and autoimmune responses. Clin Immunol 2015; 163:42-51. [PMID: 26674280 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Revised: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) play a central role in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) as IFN-α producers and promoters of T-cell activation or tolerance. Here, we demonstrated by flow-cytometry and confocal microscopy that Siglec-1, a molecule involved in the regulation of adaptive immunoresponses, is expressed in a subset of semi-mature, myeloid-like pDCs in human blood. These pDCs express lower BDCA-2 and CD123 and higher HLA-DR and CD11c than Siglec-1-negative pDCs and do not produce IFN-α via TLR7/TLR9 engagement. In vitro, Siglec-1 expression was induced in Siglec-1-negative pDCs by influenza virus. Proportions of Siglec-1-positive/Siglec-1-negative pDCs were higher in SLE than in healthy controls and correlated with disease activity. Healthy donors immunized with yellow fever vaccine YFV-17D displayed different kinetics of the two pDC subsets during protective immune response. PDCs can be subdivided into two subsets according to Siglec-1 expression. These subsets may play specific roles in (auto)immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adriano Taddeo
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité University Hospital, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany; German Rheumatism Research Centre (DRFZ) - a Leibniz Institute, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Oliver Winter
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité University Hospital, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany; German Rheumatism Research Centre (DRFZ) - a Leibniz Institute, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Axel Ronald Schulz
- Regenerative Immunology and Aging, Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité University Medicine CVK, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany; German Rheumatism Research Centre (DRFZ) - a Leibniz Institute, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julia-Nora Mälzer
- Regenerative Immunology and Aging, Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité University Medicine CVK, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Cristina Domingo
- Center for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens 1, Robert Koch-Institute, Nordufer 20, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Biesen
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité University Hospital, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Alexander
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité University Hospital, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Thiel
- Regenerative Immunology and Aging, Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité University Medicine CVK, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Radbruch
- German Rheumatism Research Centre (DRFZ) - a Leibniz Institute, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Falk Hiepe
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité University Hospital, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany; German Rheumatism Research Centre (DRFZ) - a Leibniz Institute, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Velia Gerl
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité University Hospital, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany; German Rheumatism Research Centre (DRFZ) - a Leibniz Institute, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
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Duraes FV, Lippens C, Steinbach K, Dubrot J, Brighouse D, Bendriss-Vermare N, Issazadeh-Navikas S, Merkler D, Hugues S. pDC therapy induces recovery from EAE by recruiting endogenous pDC to sites of CNS inflammation. J Autoimmun 2015; 67:8-18. [PMID: 26341385 PMCID: PMC4758828 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2015.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) exhibit both innate and adaptive functions. In particular they are the main source of type I IFNs and directly impact T cell responses through antigen presentation. We have previously demonstrated that during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) initiation, myelin-antigen presentation by pDCs is associated with suppressive Treg development and results in attenuated EAE. Here, we show that pDCs transferred during acute disease phase confer recovery from EAE. Clinical improvement is associated with migration of injected pDCs into inflamed CNS and is dependent on the subsequent and selective chemerin-mediated recruitment of endogenous pDCs to the CNS. The protective effect requires pDC pre-loading with myelin antigen, and is associated with the modulation of CNS-infiltrating pDC phenotype and inhibition of CNS encephalitogenic T cells. This study may pave the way for novel pDC-based cell therapies in autoimmune diseases, aiming at specifically modulating pathogenic cells that induce and sustain autoimmune inflammation. pDC therapy ameliorates established EAE. CNS inflammation is locally modulated after pDC transfer. Upon pDC transfer, resting endogenous pDCs are selectively recruited to the CNS via chemerin/CMKLR1 axis. Therapeutic pDC injection promotes a tolerogenic environment and inhibits encephalitogenic T cells in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda V Duraes
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Carla Lippens
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Karin Steinbach
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Juan Dubrot
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Dale Brighouse
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Nathalie Bendriss-Vermare
- Université Lyon 1, INSERM U1052, CNRS, UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, LabEx DEVweCAN, Lyon, France
| | | | - Doron Merkler
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Clinical Pathology, University & University Hospital of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stephanie Hugues
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.
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Cornwall SMJ, Wikstrom M, Musk AW, Alvarez J, Nowak AK, Nelson DJ. Human mesothelioma induces defects in dendritic cell numbers and antigen-processing function which predict survival outcomes. Oncoimmunology 2015; 5:e1082028. [PMID: 27057464 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2015.1082028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Revised: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesothelioma is an almost invariably fatal tumor with chemotherapy extending survival by a few months. One immunotherapeutic strategy is to target dendritic cells (DCs), key antigen-presenting cells involved in antigen presentation, to induce antigen-specific T cell responses. However, DC-targeting will only be effective if DCs are fit-for-purpose, and the functional status of DCs in mesothelioma patients was not clear. We found that mesothelioma patients have significantly decreased numbers of circulating myeloid (m)DC1 cells, mDC2 cells and plasmacytoid (p)DCs relative to healthy age and gender-matched controls. Blood monocytes from patients could not differentiate into immature monocyte-derived DCs (MoDCs), indicated by a significantly reduced ability to process antigen and reduced expression of costimulatory (CD40, CD80 and CD86) and MHC (HLA-DR) molecules, relative to controls. Activation of mesothelioma-derived MoDCs with LPS+/-IFNγ generated partially mature MoDCs, evident by limited upregulation of the maturation marker, CD83, and the costimulatory markers. Attempts to rescue mesothelioma-derived DC function using CD40Ligand(L) also failed, indicated by maintenance of antigen-processing capacity and limited upregulation of CD40, CD83, CD86 and HLA-DR. These data suggest that mesothelioma patients have significant numerical and functional DC defects and that their reduced capacity to process antigen and reduced expression of costimulatory molecules could induce anergized/tolerized T cells. Nonetheless, survival analyses revealed that individuals with mesothelioma and higher than median levels of mDC1s and/or whose MoDCs matured in response to LPS, IFNγ or CD40L lived longer, implying their selection for DC-targeting therapy could be promising especially if combined with another treatment modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott M J Cornwall
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Immunology and Cancer Group, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia (WA), Australia; CHIRI Biosciences Research Precinct, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | | | - Arthur W Musk
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital , Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - John Alvarez
- The Mount Hospital , 150 Mounts Bay Rd , Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Anna K Nowak
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Perth, WA, Australia; Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Delia J Nelson
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Immunology and Cancer Group, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia (WA), Australia; CHIRI Biosciences Research Precinct, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
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29
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Silvin A, Manel N. Innate immune sensing of HIV infection. Curr Opin Immunol 2015; 32:54-60. [PMID: 25617674 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2014.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Revised: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The ability to sense infections is primordial to preserve organisms. Immune cells express pathogen sensors that induct innate and adaptive immune responses. Understanding how HIV-1 infection defeats these responses in most individuals remains an outstanding challenge. Since HIV-1 targets immune cells, innate immune sensors are remarkably positioned at the nexus of viral replication and immunity. Here, we discuss recent studies that have revealed innate sensing mechanisms of HIV-1 infection in plasmacytoid dendritic cells, monocyte-derived dendritic cells, monocyte-derived macrophages, and CD4+ T cells. These studies help understand how HIV-1 avoids antiviral innate immune sensors and how it induces pathogenic processes. Ultimately, this may contribute to therapy and vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aymeric Silvin
- Institut Curie, 12 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France; INSERM U932, 12 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Manel
- Institut Curie, 12 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France; INSERM U932, 12 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France.
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30
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik A L Biessen
- From the Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands (E.A.L.B.); Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA (A.C.).
| | - Anette Christ
- From the Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands (E.A.L.B.); Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA (A.C.)
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31
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Lombardi VC, Khaiboullina SF. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells of the gut: relevance to immunity and pathology. Clin Immunol 2014; 153:165-77. [PMID: 24769378 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2014.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Revised: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are bone marrow-derived immune cells with the ability to express copious amounts of type I and III interferon (IFN) and can differentiate into antigen-presenting dendritic cells as a result of stimulation by pathogen-derived nucleic acid. These powerful combined functionalities allow pDCs to bridge the innate and adaptive immune systems resulting in a concerted pathogen response. The contribution of pDCs to gastrointestinal immunity is only now being elucidated and is proving to be a critical component in systemic immunity. This review will explore the immunology of pDCs and will discuss their involvement in human disease and tolerance with an emphasis on those in the gastrointestinal lymphoid tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent C Lombardi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, WPI, University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 N Virginia St. MS 0552, Reno, NV 89557, USA.
| | - Svetlana F Khaiboullina
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, WPI, University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 N Virginia St. MS 0552, Reno, NV 89557, USA; Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia.
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32
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Sapienza MR, Fuligni F, Agostinelli C, Tripodo C, Righi S, Laginestra MA, Pileri A, Mancini M, Rossi M, Ricci F, Gazzola A, Melle F, Mannu C, Ulbar F, Arpinati M, Paulli M, Maeda T, Gibellini D, Pagano L, Pimpinelli N, Santucci M, Cerroni L, Croce CM, Facchetti F, Piccaluga PP, Pileri SA. Molecular profiling of blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm reveals a unique pattern and suggests selective sensitivity to NF-kB pathway inhibition. Leukemia 2014; 28:1606-16. [PMID: 24504027 PMCID: PMC4294271 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2014.64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Revised: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is a rare disease of controversial origin recently recognized as a neoplasm deriving from plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs). Nevertheless, it remains an orphan tumor with obscure biology and dismal prognosis. To better understand the pathobiology of BPDCN and discover new targets for effective therapies, the gene expression profile (GEP) of 25 BPDCN samples was analyzed and compared with that of pDCs, their postulated normal counterpart. Validation was performed by immunohistochemistry (IHC), whereas functional experiments were carried out ex vivo. For the first time at the molecular level, we definitely recognized the cellular derivation of BPDCN that proved to originate from the myeloid lineage and in particular, from resting pDCs. Furthermore, thanks to an integrated bioinformatic approach we discovered aberrant activation of the NF-kB pathway and suggested it as a novel therapeutic target. We tested the efficacy of anti-NF-kB-treatment on the BPDCN cell line CAL-1, and successfully demonstrated by GEP and IHC the molecular shutoff of the NF-kB pathway. In conclusion, we identified a molecular signature representative of the transcriptional abnormalities of BPDCN and developed a cellular model proposing a novel therapeutic approach in the setting of this otherwise incurable disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Sapienza
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine, Hematopathology & Hematology Sections, Molecular Pathology Laboratory, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna University, Bologna, Italy
| | - F Fuligni
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine, Hematopathology & Hematology Sections, Molecular Pathology Laboratory, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna University, Bologna, Italy
| | - C Agostinelli
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine, Hematopathology & Hematology Sections, Molecular Pathology Laboratory, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna University, Bologna, Italy
| | - C Tripodo
- Department of Health Science, Tumour Immunology Unit, Human Pathology Section University of Palermo School of Medicine, Palermo, Italy
| | - S Righi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine, Hematopathology & Hematology Sections, Molecular Pathology Laboratory, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna University, Bologna, Italy
| | - M A Laginestra
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine, Hematopathology & Hematology Sections, Molecular Pathology Laboratory, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna University, Bologna, Italy
| | - A Pileri
- Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine - Division Dermatology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - M Mancini
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine, Hematopathology & Hematology Sections, Molecular Pathology Laboratory, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna University, Bologna, Italy
| | - M Rossi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine, Hematopathology & Hematology Sections, Molecular Pathology Laboratory, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna University, Bologna, Italy
| | - F Ricci
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Laboratory Medicine, Transfusion Medicine Service, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - A Gazzola
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine, Hematopathology & Hematology Sections, Molecular Pathology Laboratory, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna University, Bologna, Italy
| | - F Melle
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine, Hematopathology & Hematology Sections, Molecular Pathology Laboratory, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna University, Bologna, Italy
| | - C Mannu
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine, Hematopathology & Hematology Sections, Molecular Pathology Laboratory, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna University, Bologna, Italy
| | - F Ulbar
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine, Hematopathology & Hematology Sections, Molecular Pathology Laboratory, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna University, Bologna, Italy
| | - M Arpinati
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine, Hematopathology & Hematology Sections, Molecular Pathology Laboratory, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna University, Bologna, Italy
| | - M Paulli
- Anatomic Pathology Section, University of Pavia Medical School, Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Fondazione Policlinico, San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - T Maeda
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - D Gibellini
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine, Microbiology Section, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna University, Bologna, Italy
| | - L Pagano
- Institute of Hematology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - N Pimpinelli
- Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine - Division Dermatology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - M Santucci
- Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, Pathologic Anatomy Division, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - L Cerroni
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - C M Croce
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - F Facchetti
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Pathology Section, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - P P Piccaluga
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine, Hematopathology & Hematology Sections, Molecular Pathology Laboratory, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna University, Bologna, Italy
| | - S A Pileri
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine, Hematopathology & Hematology Sections, Molecular Pathology Laboratory, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna University, Bologna, Italy
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Yang AX, Chong N, Jiang Y, Catalano J, Puri RK, Khleif SN. Molecular characterization of antigen-peptide pulsed dendritic cells: immature dendritic cells develop a distinct molecular profile when pulsed with antigen peptide. PLoS One 2014; 9:e86306. [PMID: 24475103 PMCID: PMC3903525 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0086306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Accepted: 12/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
As dendritic cells (DCs) are the most potent professional antigen-presenting cells, they are being tested as cancer vaccines for immunotherapy of established cancers. Although numerous studies have characterized DCs by their phenotype and function, few have identified potential molecular markers of antigen presentation prior to vaccination of host. In this study we generated pre-immature DC (piDC), immature DC (iDC), and mature DC (mDC) from human peripheral blood monocytes (PBMC) obtained from HLA-A2 healthy donors, and pulsed them with human papillomavirus E7 peptide (p11-20), a class I HLA-A2 binding antigen. We then characterized DCs for cell surface phenotype and gene expression profile by microarray technology. We identified a set of 59 genes that distinguished three differentiation stages of DCs (piDC, iDC and mDC). When piDC, iDC and mDC were pulsed with E7 peptide for 2 hrs, the surface phenotype did not change, however, iDCs rather than mDCs showed transcriptional response by up-regulation of a set of genes. A total of 52 genes were modulated in iDC upon antigen pulsing. Elongation of pulse time for iDCs to 10 and 24 hrs did not significantly bring further changes in gene expression. The E7 peptide up-modulated immune response (KPNA7, IGSF6, NCR3, TREM2, TUBAL3, IL8, NFKBIA), pro-apoptosis (BTG1, SEMA6A, IGFBP3 and SRGN), anti-apoptosis (NFKBIA), DNA repair (MRPS11, RAD21, TXNRD1), and cell adhesion and cell migration genes (EPHA1, PGF, IL8 and CYR61) in iDCs. We confirmed our results by Q-PCR analysis. The E7 peptide but not control peptide (PADRE) induced up-regulation of NFKB1A gene only in HLA-A2 positive iDCs and not in HLA-A2 negative iDCs. These results suggest that E7 up-regulation of genes is specific and HLA restricted and that these genes may represent markers of antigen presentation and help rapidly assess the quality of dendritic cells prior to administration to the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy X. Yang
- Tumor Vaccines and Biotechnology Branch, Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Numju Chong
- Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Yufei Jiang
- Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jennifer Catalano
- Tumor Vaccines and Biotechnology Branch, Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Raj K. Puri
- Tumor Vaccines and Biotechnology Branch, Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Samir N. Khleif
- Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Cancer Center, Georgia Regent University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
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Wang J, Lau KY, Jung J, Ravindran P, Barrat FJ. Bruton's tyrosine kinase regulates TLR9 but not TLR7 signaling in human plasmacytoid dendritic cells. Eur J Immunol 2014; 44:1130-6. [PMID: 24375473 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201344030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Revised: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (PDCs) represent a key cell type for both innate and adaptive immunity. PDCs express both TLR7 and TLR9 and the recognition of nucleic acids by these two receptors triggers the production of a large amount of type-I IFN and the induction of PDC maturation into APCs. This unique feature of PDCs is at the basis of clinical development of both TLR7 and TLR9 agonists for infectious diseases, allergy, cancer, and asthma. However, TLR7 and TLR9 recognition of self-nucleic acids is linked to many autoimmune diseases including lupus, and a better understanding of the signaling pathways of these two receptors in PDCs is thus important. We have identified Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk) as an important player for TLR9 but not TLR7 signaling in human PDCs. Blocking Btk using a specific inhibitor leads to the reduction of all TLR9-induced responses in PDCs, including cytokine production and expression of costimulatory molecules, while this has no impact on the TLR7 response. This identifies Btk as a key molecule in TLR9 signaling in PDCs and is the first demonstration that the TLR7 and TLR9 pathways can be dissociated in human PDCs.
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Elsayh KI, Zahran AM, Lotfy Mohamad I, Aly SS. Dendritic cells in childhood sepsis. J Crit Care 2013; 28:881.e7-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2013.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2013] [Revised: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 05/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Niederquell M, Kurig S, Fischer JAA, Tomiuk S, Swiecki M, Colonna M, Johnston ICD, Dzionek A. Sca-1 expression defines developmental stages of mouse pDCs that show functional heterogeneity in the endosomal but not lysosomal TLR9 response. Eur J Immunol 2013; 43:2993-3005. [PMID: 23922217 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201343498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2013] [Revised: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 08/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) play an important role in innate and adaptive immunity and were shown to be identical to previously described natural interferon (IFN)-α-producing cells. Here, we describe two functionally distinct pDC subpopulations that are characterized by the differential expression of stem cell antigen-1 (Sca-1; Ly-6A/E). Sca-1(-) pDCs are mainly found in the BM, appear first during development, show a higher proliferative activity, and represent the more precursor phenotype. Sca-1(+) pDCs are mostly located in secondary lymphoid organs and represent a later developmental stage. Sca-1(-) pDCs give rise to an Sca-1(+) subset upon activation or in response to endogenous type I IFN. Interestingly, in contrast to Sca-1(-) pDCs, Sca-1(+) pDCs are defective in IFN-α production upon endosomal TLR9 stimulation, whereas lysosomal signaling via TLR9 is functional in both subsets. Gene expression analysis revealed that osteopontin is strongly upregulated in Sca-1(-) pDCs. These data provide evidence for the molecular basis of the observed functional heterogeneity, as the intracellular isoform of osteopontin couples TLR9 signaling to IFN-α expression. Taken together, our results indicate that Sca-1(-) pDCs are an early developmental stage of pDCs with distinct innate functions representing the true murine natural IFN-α-producing cells.
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37
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Cintolo JA, Datta J, Mathew SJ, Czerniecki BJ. Dendritic cell-based vaccines: barriers and opportunities. Future Oncol 2013; 8:1273-99. [PMID: 23130928 DOI: 10.2217/fon.12.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) have several characteristics that make them an ideal vehicle for tumor vaccines, and with the first US FDA-approved DC-based vaccine in use for the treatment of prostate cancer, this technology has become a promising new therapeutic option. However, DC-based vaccines face several barriers that have limited their effectiveness in clinical trials. A major barrier includes the activation state of the DC. Both DC lineage and maturation signals must be selected to optimize the antitumor response and overcome immunosuppressive effects of the tumor microenvironment. Another barrier to successful vaccination is the selection of target antigens that will activate both CD8(+) and CD4(+) T cells in a potent, immune-specific manner. Finally, tumor progression and immune dysfunction limit vaccine efficacy in advanced stages, which may make DC-based vaccines more efficacious in treating early-stage disease. This review underscores the scientific basis and advances in the development of DC-based vaccines, focuses on current barriers to success and highlights new research opportunities to address these obstacles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A Cintolo
- Department of Surgery & Harrison Department of Surgical Research, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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38
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von Glehn F, Santos LM, Balashov KE. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells and immunotherapy in multiple sclerosis. Immunotherapy 2013; 4:1053-61. [PMID: 23148757 DOI: 10.2217/imt.12.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are specialized APCs implicated in the pathogenesis of many human diseases. Compared with other peripheral blood mononuclear cells, pDCs express a high level of TLR9, which recognizes viral DNA at the initial phase of viral infection. Upon stimulation, these cells produce large amounts of type I interferon and other proinflammatory cytokines and are able to prime T lymphocytes. Thus, pDCs regulate innate and adaptive immune responses. This article reviews select aspects of pDC biology relevant to the disease pathogenesis and immunotherapy in multiple sclerosis. Many unresolved questions remain in this area, promising important future discoveries in pDC research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe von Glehn
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Genetics, Evolution & Bioagents, University of Campinas, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, Campinas, SP Brazil, CEP 13083-970, Brazil
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39
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Blank SE, Johnson EC, Weeks DK, Wysham CH. Circulating dendritic cell number and intracellular TNF-α production in women with type 2 diabetes. Acta Diabetol 2012; 49 Suppl 1:S25-32. [PMID: 20449757 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-010-0190-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2009] [Accepted: 03/29/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Human dendritic cell (DC) subsets perform specialized functions for surveillance against bacterial and viral infections essential for the management of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) by DCs acts in autocrine fashion to regulate DC maturation and promotes the inflammatory response. This study was designed to compare circulating DC number and intracellular TNF-α production between post-menopausal women with T2D and healthy women. Blood samples were obtained (n = 21/group) and examined for plasma glucose and TNF-α concentrations, and dendritic cell subset immunophenotype (plasmacytoid, pDC, CD85k(ILT-3)(+)CD123(+)CD16(-)CD14(-) and myeloid, mDC, CD85k(ILT-3)(+)CD33(+)CD123(dim to neg)CD16(-)CD14(dim to neg)). Intracellular production of TNF-α was determined in unstimulated and stimulated DCs. Women with T2D had significantly (P < 0.05) greater plasma glucose and TNF-α concentrations when compared to healthy women. Women with T2D having poor glycemic control (T2D Poor Control, HbA1c ≥ 7%) had fewer circulating pDCs than women with T2D having good glycemic control (T2D Good Control, HbA1c < 7%) and healthy women. A significant interaction (P = 0.011) was observed between the effects of plasma glucose and group for intracellular expression of TNF-α in stimulated pDCs. Intracellular production of TNF-α in pDCs was significantly greater in healthy vs. T2D Poor Control (P < 0.0001) and T2D Good Control (P < 0.0001) but did not differ between T2D subgroups. The mDC number and intracellular production of TNF-α did not differ between groups. These findings indicate that TNF-α production by pDCs was reduced in women with T2D and circulating number of pDCs was associated with glycemic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally E Blank
- Program in Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, Washington State University, PO Box 1495, Spokane, WA 99210-1495, USA.
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Ferreri AJM, Govi S, Pileri SA, Savage KJ. Anaplastic large cell lymphoma, ALK-positive. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2012; 83:293-302. [PMID: 22440390 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2012.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2011] [Revised: 08/19/2011] [Accepted: 02/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive (ALK+ ALCL) is an aggressive CD30-positive T-cell lymphoma that exhibits a chromosomal translocation involving the ALK gene and the expression of ALK protein. No particular risk factor has been clearly identified for ALCL. ALK+ ALCL shows a broad morphologic spectrum, but all cases contain a variable proportion of cells with eccentric, horseshoe- or kidney-shaped nuclei often with an eosinophilic region near the nucleus (hallmark cells). Five morphologic patterns can be recognized. ALK+ ALCL occurs in young subjects (median age ∼35 years), with male predominance, and frequently presents at an advanced stage, with systemic symptoms and extranodal involvement. Near 40% of patients are low risk according to the International Prognostic Index (IPI). Overall, the prognosis of ALK+ ALCL is remarkably better than other T-cell lymphomas. The IPI and the PIT scores in general predict survival in patients with ALK+ ALCL. Standard first-line treatment for ALK+ ALCL consists of doxorubicin-containing polychemotherapy, which is associated with an overall response rate of ∼90%, a 5-year relapse-free survival of ∼60%, and a 5-year overall survival of 70%. Excellent results have been reported with a variety of anthracycline-based chemotherapy regimens including CHOP, CHOEP or MACOP-B. Consolidative high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation (HDC/ASCT) has also been evaluated in patients in first remission with favourable results, however, superiority to standard chemotherapy is unproven and this approach remains investigational. Following universally accepted guidelines for the treatment of failed aggressive lymphomas, HDC/ASCT can effectively salvage a proportion of patients with relapsed or refractory ALK+ ALCL. Recently, the development of novel therapies targeting CD30 and ALK appear promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés J M Ferreri
- Unit of Lymphoid Malignancies, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
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Plasmacytoid dendritic cells: one-trick ponies or workhorses of the immune system? Nat Rev Immunol 2011; 11:558-65. [PMID: 21779033 PMCID: PMC4157822 DOI: 10.1038/nri3027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In this Viewpoint article,Nature Reviews Immunologyasks five experts in the field to share their thoughts on the development and immune functions of plasmacytoid dendritic cells. Importantly, will these cells be a useful clinical target? Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) were first described as interferon-producing cells and, for many years, their overlapping characteristics with both lymphocytes and classical dendritic cells (cDCs) created confusion over their exact ontogeny. In this Viewpoint article, Nature Reviews Immunology asks five leaders in the field to discuss their thoughts on the development and functions of pDCs — do these cells serve mainly as a major source of type I interferons or do they also make other important contributions to immune responses?
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Reizis B, Bunin A, Ghosh HS, Lewis KL, Sisirak V. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells: recent progress and open questions. Annu Rev Immunol 2011; 29:163-83. [PMID: 21219184 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-031210-101345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 450] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are specialized in rapid and massive secretion of type I interferon (IFN-α/β) in response to foreign nucleic acids. Combined with their antigen presentation capacity, this powerful functionality enables pDCs to orchestrate innate and adaptive immune responses. pDCs combine features of both lymphocytes and classical dendritic cells and display unique molecular adaptations to nucleic acid sensing and IFN production. In the decade since the identification of the pDC as a distinct immune cell type, our understanding of its molecular underpinnings and role in immunity has progressed rapidly. Here we review select aspects of pDC biology including cell fate establishment and plasticity, specific molecular mechanisms of pDC function, and the role of pDCs in T cell responses, antiviral immunity, and autoimmune diseases. Important unresolved questions remain in these areas, promising exciting times in pDC research for years to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Reizis
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, USA
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Goldfarb Y, Levi B, Sorski L, Frenkel D, Ben-Eliyahu S. CpG-C immunotherapeutic efficacy is jeopardized by ongoing exposure to stress: potential implications for clinical use. Brain Behav Immun 2011; 25:67-76. [PMID: 20656015 PMCID: PMC2991469 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2010.07.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2010] [Revised: 07/16/2010] [Accepted: 07/16/2010] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bi-directional influences between stress hormones and immune responses have been repeatedly documented, however, in the clinical setting they are rarely considered when immunotherapeutic approaches are used or studied in patients. As some immunotherapeutic treatments have shown great potential in animal models but have had limited success in patients, we hypothesize that ongoing psychological and physiological stress responses in patients, which do not characterize the setting of animal studies, contribute to this discrepancy. In the current study we examined the interaction between ongoing water stress and CpG-C immunotherapy to determine whether stress that precedes immunotherapy can modulate the efficacy of CpG-C immunostimulation. C57BL/6 mice were exposed to water stress or served as controls. Two hours following the commencement of the stress protocol animals were injected with CpG-C, non-CpG, or PBS, and sacrificed 1, 4 or 12h thereafter. We found that in CpG-C-treated animals stress eliminated the elevation of plasma IL-12, and synergistically elevated corticosterone levels. Furthermore, stress markedly reduced the total number of myeloid (33D1(+)), plasmacytoid (mPDCA-1(+)) and plasmacytoid-derived (33D1(+)mPDCA-1(+)) dendritic cells in CpG-C-treated animals, as well as the numbers of these cell sub-types expressing CD11b, CD80 and CD69. These changes were more dramatic in the blood than in the spleen. Overall, these findings indicate that under no-stress conditions CpG-C induces a robust immune response, which is significantly diminished when immunostimulation is attempted during ongoing stress. If these findings hold in humans, potential prophylactic treatments should be found to limit the deleterious effects of ongoing stress on the efficacy of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yael Goldfarb
- Neuroimmunology Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Ben Levi
- Neuroimmunology Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Liat Sorski
- Neuroimmunology Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Dan Frenkel
- Department of Neurobiology, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Shamgar Ben-Eliyahu
- Neuroimmunology Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
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Ghosh HS, Cisse B, Bunin A, Lewis KL, Reizis B. Continuous expression of the transcription factor e2-2 maintains the cell fate of mature plasmacytoid dendritic cells. Immunity 2010; 33:905-16. [PMID: 21145760 PMCID: PMC3010277 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2010.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2010] [Revised: 08/28/2010] [Accepted: 10/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The interferon-producing plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) share common progenitors with antigen-presenting classical dendritic cells (cDCs), yet they possess distinct morphology and molecular features resembling those of lymphocytes. It is unclear whether the unique cell fate of pDCs is actively maintained in the steady state. We report that the deletion of transcription factor E2-2 from mature peripheral pDCs caused their spontaneous differentiation into cells with cDC properties. This included the loss of pDC markers, increase in MHC class II expression and T cell priming capacity, acquisition of dendritic morphology, and induction of cDC signature genes. Genome-wide chromatin immunoprecipitation revealed direct binding of E2-2 to key pDC-specific and lymphoid genes, as well as to certain genes enriched in cDCs. Thus, E2-2 actively maintains the cell fate of mature pDCs and opposes the "default" cDC fate, in part through direct regulation of lineage-specific gene expression programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiyaa S. Ghosh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Babacar Cisse
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Anna Bunin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Kanako L. Lewis
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Boris Reizis
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
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Trafficking properties of plasmacytoid dendritic cells in health and disease. Trends Immunol 2010; 31:270-7. [PMID: 20579936 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2010.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2010] [Revised: 05/04/2010] [Accepted: 05/06/2010] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (PDCs) represent a subset of circulating leukocytes characterized by the ability to release high levels of type I interferon (IFN). Under homeostatic conditions PDCs are confined to primary and secondary lymphoid organs. This is consistent with the restricted profile of functional chemotactic receptors expressed by circulating PDCs (i.e. CXCR4 and ChemR23). Accumulation of PDCs in non-lymphoid tissue is, however, observed in certain autoimmune diseases, allergic reactions and tumors. Indeed, PDCs are now considered to be involved in the pathogenesis of diseases characterized by a type I IFN-signature and are considered as a promising target for new intervention strategies. Here, current knowledge of the molecular mechanisms involved in the recruitment of PDCs under homeostatic and pathological conditions are summarized.
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Maggina P, Christodoulou I, Papaevangelou V, Tsolia M, Papadopoulos NG. Dendritic cells in viral bronchiolitis. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2010; 5:271-82. [PMID: 20477005 DOI: 10.1586/eci.09.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are major antigen-presenting cells that constitute a link between innate and adaptive immune responses, and are critical in the processes of control and elimination of viral infections. On the other hand, there is a large body of data strongly implicating respiratory viruses in morbidity during infancy through the induction of lower respiratory tract infections, such as bronchiolitis, and later on in childhood and adult life, mainly due to their association with asthma exacerbations. Little is known, however, about the precise role of DCs in human respiratory tract infections. This review focuses on current data, both from in vivo and in vitro studies, that highlight the interplay between DCs and the viral causes of bronchiolitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paraskevi Maggina
- Allergy Research Centre, 2nd Paediatric Clinic, Medical School, University of Athens, 41 Fidippidou Street, Goudi, 11527 Athens, Greece.
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Phillips B, Giannoukakis N, Trucco M. Dendritic cell-based therapy in Type 1 diabetes mellitus. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2010; 5:325-39. [PMID: 20477010 DOI: 10.1586/eci.09.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cell (DC) immunotherapy is a clinical reality. Despite two decades of considerable data demonstrating the feasibility of using DCs to prolong transplant allograft survival and to prevent autoimmunity, only now are these cells entering clinical trials in humans. Type 1 diabetes is the first autoimmune disorder to be targeted for treatment in humans using autologous-engineered DCs. This review will highlight the role of DCs in autoimmunity and the manner in which they have been engineered to treat these disorders in rodent models, either via the induction of immune hyporesponsiveness, which may be cell- and/or antigen-specific, or indirectly by upregulation of other immune cell networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett Phillips
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Immunogenetics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Rangos Research Center, 530 45th Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15201, USA.
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Reizis B. Regulation of plasmacytoid dendritic cell development. Curr Opin Immunol 2010; 22:206-11. [PMID: 20144853 PMCID: PMC2854232 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2010.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2009] [Revised: 01/08/2010] [Accepted: 01/11/2010] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (PDC) represent a distinct immune cell type specialized in direct virus recognition and rapid secretion of type I interferon. The origin and lineage affiliation of PDC have been controversial, partly because PDC show features of both lymphocytes and dendritic cells (DC). Recent studies helped elucidate the cellular and molecular basis of PDC development. In particular, the common developmental origin and genetic similarity of PDC and classical antigen-presenting DC have been established. In addition, E protein transcription factor E2-2 was shown to control lineage commitment and gene expression program of PDC. Because E proteins are essential regulators of lymphocyte development, E2-2 activity may underlie the distinct 'lymphoid' features of PDC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Reizis
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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Baban B, Penberthy WT, Mozaffari MS. The potential role of indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase (IDO) as a predictive and therapeutic target for diabetes treatment: a mythical truth. EPMA J 2010. [PMID: 23199040 PMCID: PMC3405305 DOI: 10.1007/s13167-010-0009-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease in which a T-cell-mediated reaction demolishes insulin-producing cells of pancreatic islets. Inadequacy of insulin therapy has motivated research focused on mechanisms by which autoimmune reactions can be suppressed. In recent years, the role of indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase (IDO) in regulation of immune system has been extensively investigated. Initially, IDO was recognized as a host defense mechanism. However, recent studies have suggested an immunomodulatory role for IDO which may contribute to the induction of immune tolerance. In this review, we concentrate on the role of IDO in several pathologic conditions with a focus on T1D to rationalize our hypothesis regarding the potential for inclusion of IDO in certain therapeutic strategies aimed at early detection, treatment or ideally cure of chronic and autoimmune diseases such as T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak Baban
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Medical College of Georgia Augusta, Georgia, 30912 USA
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50
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Olson M, Russ B, Doherty P, Turner S, Stambas J. Influenza A virus-specific CD8 T-cell responses: from induction to function. Future Virol 2010; 5:175-183. [PMID: 21544256 DOI: 10.2217/fvl.10.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Seasonal influenza virus infection is a leading cause of illness and mortality in young children and the elderly each year. Current influenza vaccines generate protective antibody responses; however, these must be given annually to provide protection against serologically distinct viruses. By contrast, CD8(+) T cells are capable of recognizing conserved antigenic determinants within the influenza virion and, as such, may provide protection against a number of variant strains of the virus. CD8(+) T cells play a critical key role in controlling and resolving influenza virus infections via the production of cytokines and cytolytic mediators. This article focuses on the induction of the influenza-specific CD8(+) T-cell response and how these cells acquire and maintain effector function after induction. Moreover, we discuss how cytotoxic T-lymphocyte function correlates with protection following vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mr Olson
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
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