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Hu S, Wang J, Bai H, Feng C, Zhou Z, Xue Z, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Wang N, He L. Secreted phosphoprotein 1 regulates natural compound 3',4',5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone to inhibit mast cell-mediated allergic inflammation. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2023; 45:672-681. [PMID: 37339357 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2023.2228478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mast cells (MCs) are important effector cells in anaphylaxis and anaphylactic disease. 3',4',5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone (THF) presents in many medicinal plants and exerts a variety of pharmacological effects. In this study, we evaluated the effect of THF on C48/80-induced anaphylaxis and the mechanisms underlying its effects, including the role of secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1), which has not been reported to IgE-independent MC activation. RESULTS THF inhibited C48/80-induced Ca2+ flow and degranulation via the PLCγ/PKC/IP3 pathway in vitro. RNA-seq showed that THF inhibited the expression of SPP1 and downstream molecules. SPP1 is involved in pseudo-anaphylaxis reactions. Silencing SPP1 affects the phosphorylation of AKT and P38. THF suppressed C48/80-induced paw edema, hypothermia and serum histamine, and chemokines release in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Our results validated SPP1 is involved in IgE-independent MC activation anaphylactoid reactions. THF inhibited C48/80-mediated anaphylactoid reactions both in vivo and in vitro, suppressed calcium mobilization and inhibited SPP1-related pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiling Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jue Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Haoyun Bai
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chaohua Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhenqi Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhuoyin Xue
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yongjing Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Nan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Langchong He
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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2
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Tang Z, Xia Z, Wang X, Liu Y. The critical role of osteopontin (OPN) in fibrotic diseases. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2023; 74:86-99. [PMID: 37648616 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Fibrosis is a pathological condition characterized by the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix components in tissues and organs, leading to progressive architectural remodelling and contributing to the development of various diseases. Osteopontin (OPN), a highly phosphorylated glycoprotein, has been increasingly recognized for its involvement in the progression of tissue fibrosis. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the genetic and protein structure of OPN and focuses on our current understanding of the role of OPN in the development of fibrosis in the lungs and other tissues. Additionally, special attention is given to the potential of OPN as a biomarker and a novel therapeutic target in the treatment of fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Tang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Laboratory of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Rare Diseases Center, Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zijing Xia
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Laboratory of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Rare Diseases Center, Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiangpeng Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Laboratory of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Rare Diseases Center, Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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3
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Sulsenti R, Jachetti E. Frenemies in the Microenvironment: Harnessing Mast Cells for Cancer Immunotherapy. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1692. [PMID: 37376140 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor development, progression, and resistance to therapies are influenced by the interactions between tumor cells and the surrounding microenvironment, comprising fibroblasts, immune cells, and extracellular matrix proteins. In this context, mast cells (MCs) have recently emerged as important players. Yet, their role is still controversial, as MCs can exert pro- or anti-tumor functions in different tumor types depending on their location within or around the tumor mass and their interaction with other components of the tumor microenvironment. In this review, we describe the main aspects of MC biology and the different contribution of MCs in promoting or inhibiting cancer growth. We then discuss possible therapeutic strategies aimed at targeting MCs for cancer immunotherapy, which include: (1) targeting c-Kit signaling; (2) stabilizing MC degranulation; (3) triggering activating/inhibiting receptors; (4) modulating MC recruitment; (5) harnessing MC mediators; (6) adoptive transferring of MCs. Such strategies should aim to either restrain or sustain MC activity according to specific contexts. Further investigation would allow us to better dissect the multifaceted roles of MCs in cancer and tailor novel approaches for an "MC-guided" personalized medicine to be used in combination with conventional anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Sulsenti
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Jachetti
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
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4
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Barbalho SM, Minniti G, Miola VFB, Haber JFDS, Bueno PCDS, de Argollo Haber LS, Girio RSJ, Detregiachi CRP, Dall'Antonia CT, Rodrigues VD, Nicolau CCT, Catharin VMCS, Araújo AC, Laurindo LF. Organokines in COVID-19: A Systematic Review. Cells 2023; 12:1349. [PMID: 37408184 DOI: 10.3390/cells12101349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a viral infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 that induces a generalized inflammatory state. Organokines (adipokines, osteokines, myokines, hepatokines, and cardiokines) can produce beneficial or harmful effects in this condition. This study aimed to systematically review the role of organokines on COVID-19. PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, and Cochrane databases were searched, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed, and 37 studies were selected, comprising more than 2700 individuals infected with the virus. Among COVID-19 patients, organokines have been associated with endothelial dysfunction and multiple organ failure due to augmented cytokines and increased SARS-CoV-2 viremia. Changes in the pattern of organokines secretion can directly or indirectly contribute to aggravating the infection, promoting immune response alterations, and predicting the disease progression. These molecules have the potential to be used as adjuvant biomarkers to predict the severity of the illness and severe outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Maria Barbalho
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Food and Technology of Marília (FATEC), Avenida Castro Alves, 62, Marília 17500-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Giulia Minniti
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil
| | - Vitor Fernando Bordin Miola
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil
| | - Jesselina Francisco Dos Santos Haber
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil
- Centro Interdisciplinar em Diabetes (CENID), School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Cincotto Dos Santos Bueno
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil
| | - Luiza Santos de Argollo Haber
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil
| | - Raul S J Girio
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Rucco Penteado Detregiachi
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculdade de Medicina de Marília (FAMEMA), School of Medicine, Avenida Monte Carmelo, 800, Marília 17519-030, SP, Brazil
| | - Camila Tiveron Dall'Antonia
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil
| | - Victória Dogani Rodrigues
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculdade de Medicina de Marília (FAMEMA), School of Medicine, Avenida Monte Carmelo, 800, Marília 17519-030, SP, Brazil
| | - Claudia C T Nicolau
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Food and Technology of Marília (FATEC), Avenida Castro Alves, 62, Marília 17500-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Virginia Maria Cavallari Strozze Catharin
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil
| | - Adriano Cressoni Araújo
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucas Fornari Laurindo
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculdade de Medicina de Marília (FAMEMA), School of Medicine, Avenida Monte Carmelo, 800, Marília 17519-030, SP, Brazil
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Lin EYH, Xi W, Aggarwal N, Shinohara ML. Osteopontin (OPN)/SPP1: from its biochemistry to biological functions in the innate immune system and the central nervous system (CNS). Int Immunol 2023; 35:171-180. [PMID: 36525591 PMCID: PMC10071791 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxac060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteopontin (OPN) is a multifunctional protein, initially identified in osteosarcoma cells with its role of mediating osteoblast adhesion. Later studies revealed that OPN is associated with many inflammatory conditions caused by infections, allergic responses, autoimmunity and tissue damage. Many cell types in the peripheral immune system express OPN with various functions, which could be beneficial or detrimental. Also, more recent studies demonstrated that OPN is highly expressed in the central nervous system (CNS), particularly in microglia during CNS diseases and development. However, understanding of mechanisms underlying OPN's functions in the CNS is still limited. In this review, we focus on peripheral myeloid cells and CNS-resident cells to discuss the expression and functions of OPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliot Yi-Hsin Lin
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Wen Xi
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Nupur Aggarwal
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Mari L Shinohara
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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6
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Liu Y, Fu L, Liu Z. The Role and Clinical Relevance of Osteopontin in Allergic Airway Diseases. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12062433. [PMID: 36983433 PMCID: PMC10057512 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12062433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The airway epithelium is exposed to numerous external irritants including infectious agents, environmental allergens, and atmospheric pollutants, releasing epithelial cytokines including thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), IL-33, and IL-25 and initiating downstream type 2 (IL-4, IL-13, and IL-5) and IgE-driven pathways. These pathways trigger the initiation and progression of allergic airway diseases, including chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), allergic rhinitis (AR), and allergic asthma. However, the use of biological agents that target downstream cytokines, such as IL-5, IL-4, and IL-13 receptors and IgE, might not be sufficient to manage some patients successfully. Instead of blocking downstream cytokines, targeting upstream epithelial cytokines has been proposed to address the complex immunologic networks associated with allergic airway diseases. Osteopontin (OPN), an extracellular matrix glyco-phosphoprotein, is a key mediator involved in Th1-related diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, and rheumatoid arthritis. Emerging evidence, including ours, indicates that epithelial-cell-derived OPN also plays an essential role in Th2-skewed airway diseases, including CRSwNP, AR, and allergic asthma involving the Th17 response. Therefore, we reviewed the current knowledge of epithelial-cell-derived OPN in the pathogenesis of three type-2-biased airway diseases and provided a direction for its future investigation and clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Nasal Inflammatory Diseases, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Li Fu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Nasal Inflammatory Diseases, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Nasal Inflammatory Diseases, Wuhan 430030, China
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7
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Pentraxin 3 Facilitates Shrimp-Allergic Responses in IgE-Activated Mast Cells. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:8953235. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/8953235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Since food avoidance is currently the only way to prevent allergic reactions to shrimp, a better understanding of molecular events in the induction and progression of allergy, including food allergy, is needed for developing strategies to inhibit allergic responses. Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is rapidly produced directly from inflammatory or damaged tissues and is involved in acute immunoinflammatory responses. However, the role of PTX3 in the development of immediate IgE-mediated shrimp allergy remains unknown. Methods. Wild-type BALB/c mice were immunized intraperitoneally and were challenged with shrimp extract. Serum IgE and PTX3 levels were analyzed. RBL-2H3 cells were stimulated with either dinitrophenyl (DNP) or serum of shrimp-allergic mice, and markers of degranulation, proinflammatory mediators, and phosphorylation of signal proteins were analyzed. We further examined the effect of PTX3 in shrimp extract-induced allergic responses in vitro and in vivo. Results. Mice with shrimp allergy had increased PTX3 levels in the serum and small intestine compared with healthy mice. PTX3 augmented degranulation, the production of proinflammatory mediators, and activation of the Akt and MAPK signaling pathways in mast cells upon DNP stimulation. Furthermore, the expression of transcription factor CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein delta (CEBPD) was elevated in PTX3-mediated mast cell activation. Finally, the PTX3 inhibitor RI37 could attenuate PTX3-induced degranulation, proinflammatory mediator expression, and phosphorylation of the Akt and MAPK signaling. Conclusions. The results suggested that PTX3 can facilitate allergic responses. Our data provide new insight to demonstrate that PTX3 is a cause of allergic inflammation and that RI37 can serve as a therapeutic agent in shrimp allergy.
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Huang Z, Wang G, Yang B, Li P, Yang T, Wu Y, Yang X, Liu J, Li J. Mechanism of ketotifen fumarate inhibiting renal calcium oxalate stone formation in SD rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 151:113147. [PMID: 35643070 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the inhibitory effect of ketotifen fumarate (KFA), a mast cell membrane stabilizer, on renal calcium oxalate stone (CaOx) formation and its possible molecular mechanism. METHODS We used the Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database for functional and pathway enrichment analyses of osteopontin (OPN), CD44 and fibronectin (FN). Blood biochemistry, reactive oxygen species ratio (ROS), mast cells, proteins (CD44, OPN and FN) and OPN receptor integrin family genes were detected by ELISA, flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry and RT-QPCR, respectively. RESULTS The crystal area of CaOx in the KFA and Control group was significantly smaller than that in the Model group. The number of activated mast cells, the expression levels of OPN and CD44 in the Control and KFA groups were significantly lower than those in the Model group, and the percentage of ROS in the KFA group was also significantly lower than that in the Model group. The mRNA expression levels of ITGB1, ITGA9, ITGAV and ITGA4 genes in the prominent OPN receptor integrin family increased significantly in the Model group. CONCLUSIONS Ketotifen can effectively inhibit the crystal formation of CaOx and reduce the inflammatory response of tissue in SD rats. The mechanism may be to reduce the infiltration and activation of mast cells in renal tissue and down-regulate the expression of OPN, CD44 and FN in renal tubules and renal interstitium. And affect the synthesis of integrins (ITGA9, ITGA4, ITGAV, ITGB1, ITGB3 and ITGB5) and ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziye Huang
- The Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 374 Dian-Mian Avenue, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, PR China
| | - Guang Wang
- The Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 374 Dian-Mian Avenue, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, PR China
| | - Bowei Yang
- The Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 374 Dian-Mian Avenue, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, PR China
| | - Pei Li
- The Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 374 Dian-Mian Avenue, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, PR China
| | - Tongxin Yang
- The Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 374 Dian-Mian Avenue, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, PR China
| | - Yuyun Wu
- The Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 374 Dian-Mian Avenue, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, PR China
| | - Xing Yang
- The Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 374 Dian-Mian Avenue, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, PR China
| | - Jianhe Liu
- The Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 374 Dian-Mian Avenue, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, PR China.
| | - Jiongming Li
- The Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 374 Dian-Mian Avenue, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, PR China.
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9
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Pathak E, Atri N, Mishra R. Single-Cell Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Role of Pancreatic Secretome in COVID-19 Associated Multi-organ Dysfunctions. Interdiscip Sci 2022; 14:863-878. [PMID: 35394619 PMCID: PMC8990272 DOI: 10.1007/s12539-022-00513-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 infection affects the lungs, heart, kidney, intestine, olfactory epithelia, liver, and pancreas and brings forward multi-organ dysfunctions (MODs). However, mechanistic details of SARS-CoV-2-induced MODs are unclear. Here, we have investigated the role of pancreatic secretory proteins to mechanistically link COVID-19 with MODs using single-cell transcriptome analysis. Secretory proteins were identified using the Human Protein Atlas. Gene ontology, pathway, and disease enrichment analyses were used to highlight the role of upregulated pancreatic secretory proteins (secretome). We show that SARS-CoV-2 infection shifts the expression profile of pancreatic endocrine cells to acinar and ductal cell-specific profiles, resulting in increased expression of acinar and ductal cell-specific genes. Among all the secretory proteins, the upregulated expression of IL1B, AGT, ALB, SPP1, CRP, SERPINA1, C3, TFRC, TNFSF10, and MIF was mainly associated with disease of diverse organs. Extensive literature and experimental evidence are used to validate the association of the upregulated pancreatic secretome with the coagulation cascade, complement activation, renin-angiotensinogen system dysregulation, endothelial cell injury and thrombosis, immune system dysregulation, and fibrosis. Our finding suggests the influence of an upregulated secretome on multi-organ systems such as nervous, cardiovascular, immune, digestive, and urogenital systems. Our study provides evidence that an upregulated pancreatic secretome is a possible cause of SARS-CoV-2-induced MODs. This finding may have a significant impact on the clinical setting regarding the prevention of SARS-CoV-2-induced MODs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekta Pathak
- Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India.
| | - Neelam Atri
- Bioinformatics Department, MMV, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
- Department of Botany, MMV, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Rajeev Mishra
- Bioinformatics Department, MMV, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
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10
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Leveque E, Rouch A, Syrykh C, Mazières J, Brouchet L, Valitutti S, Espinosa E, Lafouresse F. Phenotypic and Histological Distribution Analysis Identify Mast Cell Heterogeneity in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14061394. [PMID: 35326546 PMCID: PMC8946292 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14061394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary During the fight against tumor, some cells of the immune system such as cytotoxic lymphocytes eliminate tumoral cells while others such as tumor-associated macrophages favor tumor development. Mast cells (MCs) are multifaceted immune cells whose role in cancer is still poorly understood. Moreover, MCs are poorly characterized in the context of cancer and their presence in the tumor microenvironment has been reported to be either associated with good or bad prognosis. In this pilot study we characterized tumor-associated MCs (TAMCs) in lung cancer. We showed that TAMCs exhibited a typical phenotype and can be classified in two subsets according to alphaE integrin (CD103) expression. CD103+ TAMCs appeared more mature, more prone to interact with CD4+ T cells, and located closer to cancer cells than their CD103− counterpart. This study revealed that a high frequency of total TAMC correlated with better overall survival and progression free survival in patients and underlined MC heterogeneity in cancer. Abstract Mast cells (MCs) are multifaceted innate immune cells often present in the tumor microenvironment (TME). However, MCs have been only barely characterized in studies focusing on global immune infiltrate phenotyping. Consequently, their role in cancer is still poorly understood. Furthermore, their prognosis value is confusing since MCs have been associated with good and bad (or both) prognosis depending on the cancer type. In this pilot study performed on a surgical cohort of 48 patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC), we characterized MC population within the TME and in matching non-lesional lung areas, by multicolor flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. Our results showed that tumor-associated MCs (TAMCs) harbor a distinct phenotype as compared with MCs present in non-lesional counterpart of the lung. Moreover, we found two TAMCs subsets based on the expression of CD103 (also named alphaE integrin). CD103+ TAMCs appeared more mature, more prone to interact with CD4+ T cells, and located closer to cancer cells than their CD103− counterpart. In spite of these characteristics, we did not observe a prognosis advantage of a high frequency of CD103+ TAMCs, while a high frequency of total TAMC correlated with better overall survival and progression free survival. Together, this study reveals that TAMCs constitute a heterogeneous population and indicates that MC subsets should be considered for patients’ stratification and management in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edouard Leveque
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), UMR1037, INSERM, UMR5071, CNRS, Université Toulouse 3, 31037 Toulouse, France; (E.L.); (A.R.); (S.V.); (E.E.)
| | - Axel Rouch
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), UMR1037, INSERM, UMR5071, CNRS, Université Toulouse 3, 31037 Toulouse, France; (E.L.); (A.R.); (S.V.); (E.E.)
- Thoracic Surgery Department, Hôpital Larrey, CHU Toulouse, 31000 Toulouse, France;
| | - Charlotte Syrykh
- Department of Pathology, Institut Universitaire du Cancer—Oncopole de Toulouse, 31059 Toulouse, France;
| | - Julien Mazières
- Thoracic Oncology Department, Hôpital Larrey, CHU Toulouse, 31000 Toulouse, France;
| | - Laurent Brouchet
- Thoracic Surgery Department, Hôpital Larrey, CHU Toulouse, 31000 Toulouse, France;
| | - Salvatore Valitutti
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), UMR1037, INSERM, UMR5071, CNRS, Université Toulouse 3, 31037 Toulouse, France; (E.L.); (A.R.); (S.V.); (E.E.)
- Department of Pathology, Institut Universitaire du Cancer—Oncopole de Toulouse, 31059 Toulouse, France;
| | - Eric Espinosa
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), UMR1037, INSERM, UMR5071, CNRS, Université Toulouse 3, 31037 Toulouse, France; (E.L.); (A.R.); (S.V.); (E.E.)
| | - Fanny Lafouresse
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), UMR1037, INSERM, UMR5071, CNRS, Université Toulouse 3, 31037 Toulouse, France; (E.L.); (A.R.); (S.V.); (E.E.)
- Correspondence:
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11
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Qin J, Lv M, Jiang Z, Meng X, Wang Y, Cui J, Wang J, Wang Q. Tuo-Min-Ding-Chuan Decoction Alleviate Ovalbumin-Induced Allergic Asthma by Inhibiting Mast Cell Degranulation and Down-Regulating the Differential Expression Proteins. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:725953. [PMID: 34630102 PMCID: PMC8493414 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.725953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic asthma is a stubborn chronic inflammatory disease, and is considered a co-result of various immune cells, especially mast cells, eosinophils and T lymphocytes. At present, the treatment methods of allergic asthma are limited and the side effects are obvious. Traditional Chinese medicine has been used to treat diseases for thousands of years in China. One such example is the treatment of allergic asthma, which take the characteristics of less adverse reactions and obvious curative effect. Tuo-Min-Ding-Chuan Decoction (TMDCD) is a traditional Chinese medicine compound for the treatment of allergic asthma optimized from Ma-Xing-Gan-Shi Decoction (MXGSD), which was put forward in Treatise on Febrile Diseases by Zhang Zhongjing in the Eastern Han Dynasty. The compound shows a significant clinical effect, but the mechanism of its influence on the immune system is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to observe whether TMDCD could alleviate the symptoms of ovalbumin (OVA) challenged allergic asthma mice, and to explore its immune regulatory mechanism, especially on mast cell (MC) degranulation. The results showed TMDCD could not only reduce the airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), inflammatory cell infiltration and mucus secretion in the lung tissue of OVA challenged mice, but also decrease the levels of total IgE, OVA-specific IgE, histamine and LTC4 in serum. We found that TMDCD can downregulate the expression of Fractalkine, Tryptase ε, IL-25, CCL19, MCP-1, OX40L, Axl, CCL22, CD30, G-CSF, E-selectin, OPN, CCL5, P-selectin, Gas6, TSLP in OVA challenged mice serum by using mouse cytokines antibody array. It has been reported in some literatures that these differentially expressed proteins are related to the occurrence of allergic asthma, such as tryptase ε, MCP-1, CCL5, etc. can be released by MC. And the results of in vitro experiments showed that TMDCD inhibited the degranulation of RBL-2H3 cells stimulated by DNP-IgE/BSA. Taken together, we made the conclusion that TMDCD could reduce the infiltration of inflammatory cells in lung tissue and alleviate airway remodeling in mice with allergic asthma, showed the effects of anti-inflammatory and antiasthmatic. TMDCD could also reduce the levels of IgE, histamine, LTC4, Tryptase ε, and other MC related proteins in the serum of allergic asthma mice, and the in vitro experiments showed that TMDCD could inhibit IgE mediated degranulation and histamine release of RBL-2H3 cells, proved its anti allergic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingbo Qin
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (BUCM), Beijing, China
| | - Mingsheng Lv
- Respiratory Department, BUCM Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zeqiang Jiang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (BUCM), Beijing, China
| | - Xianghe Meng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (BUCM), Beijing, China
| | - Yi Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (BUCM), Beijing, China
| | - Jiarui Cui
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (BUCM), Beijing, China
| | - Ji Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (BUCM), Beijing, China.,National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, BUCM, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (BUCM), Beijing, China.,National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, BUCM, Beijing, China
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12
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Reisner A, Blackwell LS, Sayeed I, Myers HE, Wali B, Heilman S, Figueroa J, Lu A, Hussaini L, Anderson EJ, Shane AL, Rostad CA. Osteopontin as a biomarker for COVID-19 severity and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children: A pilot study. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2021; 247:145-151. [PMID: 34565198 DOI: 10.1177/15353702211046835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study sought to evaluate the candidacy of plasma osteopontin (OPN) as a biomarker of COVID-19 severity and multisystem inflammatory condition in children (MIS-C) in children. A retrospective analysis of 26 children (0-21 years of age) admitted to Children's Healthcare of Atlanta with a diagnosis of COVID-19 between March 17 and May 26, 2020 was undertaken. The patients were classified into three categories based on COVID-19 severity levels: asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic (control population, admitted for other non-COVID-19 conditions), mild/moderate, and severe COVID-19. A fourth category of children met the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's case definition for MIS-C. Residual blood samples were analyzed for OPN, a marker of inflammation using commercial ELISA kits (R&D), and results were correlated with clinical data. This study demonstrates that OPN levels are significantly elevated in children hospitalized with moderate and severe COVID-19 and MIS-C compared to OPN levels in mild/asymptomatic children. Further, OPN differentiated among clinical levels of severity in COVID-19, while other inflammatory markers including maximum erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein and ferritin, minimum lymphocyte and platelet counts, soluble interleukin-2R, and interleukin-6 did not. We conclude OPN is a potential biomarker of COVID-19 severity and MIS-C in children that may have future clinical utility. The specificity and positive predictive value of this marker for COVID-19 and MIS-C are areas for future larger prospective research studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Reisner
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30342, USA
| | - Laura S Blackwell
- Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30342, USA
| | - Iqbal Sayeed
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Brain Research Laboratory, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Hannah E Myers
- Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30342, USA
| | - Bushra Wali
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Brain Research Laboratory, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Stacy Heilman
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Janet Figueroa
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Austin Lu
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.,Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30342, USA
| | - Laila Hussaini
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.,Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30342, USA
| | - Evan J Anderson
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.,Department of Medicine, 12239Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.,Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30342, USA
| | - Andi L Shane
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.,Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30342, USA
| | - Christina A Rostad
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.,Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30342, USA
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13
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Varım C, Demirci T, Cengiz H, Hacıbekiroğlu İ, Tuncer FB, Çokluk E, Toptan H, Karabay O, Yıldırım İ. Relationship between serum osteopontin levels and the severity of COVID-19 infection. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2020; 133:298-302. [PMID: 33369698 PMCID: PMC7768087 DOI: 10.1007/s00508-020-01789-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an acute inflammatory respiratory disease. Osteopontin (OPN) is a glycoprotein expressed in various cell types, such as bone, immune, smooth muscle, epithelial and endothelial cells. It also acts as a regulator of immune response. The aim of the present study was to reveal the place of serum osteopontin levels in predicting severity among patients with COVID-19. Methods This study included 84 patients, 43 female and 45 male. Patients were divided into 2 groups, group 1 non-severe group (n: 48), group 2 severe (n: 40). Demographic data, neutrophil, lymphocyte, platelet, white blood cell counts, albumin, procalcitonin, C‑reactive protein (CRP) and OPN levels were recorded. The OPN levels and these inflammatory parameters of the two groups were compared. Results There were no significant differences in terms of gender (female/male 25/23 vs. 18/22) and platelet count (178 K/μL vs. 191 K/μL) between the groups (p > 0.05). Ages (57.7 ± 17.0 years vs. 71.4 ± 12.8 years), procalcitonin (0.07 vs. 0.24 ng/mL), CRP (17 vs 158 mg/l), neutrophil count (3.7 vs 5.64 K/μL), WBC counts (5.38 vs 7.85 K/μL) and number of deaths (0 vs 26) (p < 0.001). The OPN levels (98.5 vs 13.75 ng/mL, p = 0.002) were found to be statistically higher, in group 2 than group 1. Conclusion The present study showed that OPN can be used to predict the severity in patients with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceyhun Varım
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sakarya University Medicine Faculty, Sakarya, Turkey.
| | - Taner Demirci
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Sakarya University Medicine Faculty, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Hasret Cengiz
- Department of Endocrinology, Sakarya University Medicine Faculty, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - İlhan Hacıbekiroğlu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sakarya University Medicine Faculty, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Fatima Betul Tuncer
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Sakarya University Medicine Faculty, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Erdem Çokluk
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Sakarya University Medicine Faculty, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Hande Toptan
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Sakarya University Medicine Faculty, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Oguz Karabay
- Department of İnfection Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Sakarya University Medicine Faculty, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - İlhan Yıldırım
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sakarya University Medicine Faculty, Sakarya, Turkey
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14
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Topsakal M, Kaçar N, Demirkan N, Aybek H, Tosun Yıldırım H, İmren IG, Özden MG. Osteopontin in chronic urticaria: Elevated plasma levels and significantly increased osteopontin expression in patients' skin samples compared to controls. Dermatol Ther 2020; 33:e13328. [PMID: 32220120 DOI: 10.1111/dth.13328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Topsakal
- Department of Dermatology, Denizli State Hospital, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Nida Kaçar
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Neşe Demirkan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Hülya Aybek
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Hülya Tosun Yıldırım
- Department of Pathology, Antalya Research and Training Hospital, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Işıl G İmren
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Müge G Özden
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
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15
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Varricchi G, de Paulis A, Marone G, Galli SJ. Future Needs in Mast Cell Biology. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4397. [PMID: 31500217 PMCID: PMC6769913 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathophysiological roles of mast cells are still not fully understood, over 140 years since their description by Paul Ehrlich in 1878. Initial studies have attempted to identify distinct "subpopulations" of mast cells based on a relatively small number of biochemical characteristics. More recently, "subtypes" of mast cells have been described based on the analysis of transcriptomes of anatomically distinct mouse mast cell populations. Although mast cells can potently alter homeostasis, in certain circumstances, these cells can also contribute to the restoration of homeostasis. Both solid and hematologic tumors are associated with the accumulation of peritumoral and/or intratumoral mast cells, suggesting that these cells can help to promote and/or limit tumorigenesis. We suggest that at least two major subsets of mast cells, MC1 (meaning anti-tumorigenic) and MC2 (meaning pro-tumorigenic), and/or different mast cell mediators derived from otherwise similar cells, could play distinct or even opposite roles in tumorigenesis. Mast cells are also strategically located in the human myocardium, in atherosclerotic plaques, in close proximity to nerves and in the aortic valve. Recent studies have revealed evidence that cardiac mast cells can participate both in physiological and pathological processes in the heart. It seems likely that different subsets of mast cells, like those of cardiac macrophages, can exert distinct, even opposite, effects in different pathophysiological processes in the heart. In this chapter, we have commented on possible future needs of the ongoing efforts to identify the diverse functions of mast cells in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilda Varricchi
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences (DISMET), University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Naples, Italy.
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, School of Medicine, 80138 Naples, Italy.
- WAO Center of Excellence, 80138 Naples, Italy.
| | - Amato de Paulis
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences (DISMET), University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Naples, Italy.
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, School of Medicine, 80138 Naples, Italy.
- WAO Center of Excellence, 80138 Naples, Italy.
| | - Gianni Marone
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences (DISMET), University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Naples, Italy.
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, School of Medicine, 80138 Naples, Italy.
- WAO Center of Excellence, 80138 Naples, Italy.
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology "Gaetano Salvatore" (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), 80138 Naples, Italy.
| | - Stephen J Galli
- Departments of Pathology and of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5176, USA.
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16
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Del Prete A, Scutera S, Sozzani S, Musso T. Role of osteopontin in dendritic cell shaping of immune responses. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2019; 50:19-28. [PMID: 31126876 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Osteopontin (OPN) is a pleiotropic cytokine produced both by immune and non-immune cells and active on different cellular targets. OPN production has been associated with several pathological conditions, including autoimmune diseases (e.g. lupus, multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis) and cancer. Emerging evidence suggests that the role of OPN has been underestimated, as it seems to be working at multiple levels of immune regulation, such as the shaping of T cell effector responses, the regulation of the tumor microenvironment, and the functional interaction with mesenchymal stromal cells. In this context, dendritic cells (DCs) play a crucial role being both an important source and a cellular target for OPN action. DC family is composed by several cell subsets endowed with specific immune functions. OPN exerts its biological functions through multiple receptors and is produced in different intracellular and secreted forms. OPN production by DC subsets is emerging as a crucial mechanism of regulation in normal and pathological conditions and starts to be exploited as a therapeutic target. This review will focus on the role of DC-derived OPN in shaping immune response and on the complex role of this cytokines in the regulation in immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Del Prete
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS Rozzano-Milano, Italy
| | - Sara Scutera
- Microbiology section, Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Silvano Sozzani
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Tiziana Musso
- Microbiology section, Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
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17
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Sammarco G, Varricchi G, Ferraro V, Ammendola M, De Fazio M, Altomare DF, Luposella M, Maltese L, Currò G, Marone G, Ranieri G, Memeo R. Mast Cells, Angiogenesis and Lymphangiogenesis in Human Gastric Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E2106. [PMID: 31035644 PMCID: PMC6540185 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is diagnosed in nearly one million new patients each year and it remains the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Although gastric cancer represents a heterogeneous group of diseases, chronic inflammation has been shown to play a role in tumorigenesis. Cancer development is a multistep process characterized by genetic and epigenetic alterations during tumour initiation and progression. The stromal microenvironment is important in maintaining normal tissue homeostasis or promoting tumour development. A plethora of immune cells (i.e., lymphocytes, macrophages, mast cells, monocytes, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, Treg cells, dendritic cells, neutrophils, eosinophils, natural killer (NK) and natural killer T (NKT) cells) are components of gastric cancer microenvironment. Mast cell density is increased in gastric cancer and there is a correlation with angiogenesis, the number of metastatic lymph nodes and the survival of these patients. Mast cells exert a protumorigenic role in gastric cancer through the release of angiogenic (VEGF-A, CXCL8, MMP-9) and lymphangiogenic factors (VEGF-C and VEGF-F). Gastric mast cells express the programmed death ligands (PD-L1 and PD-L2) which are relevant as immune checkpoints in cancer. Several clinical undergoing trials targeting immune checkpoints could be an innovative therapeutic strategy in gastric cancer. Elucidation of the role of subsets of mast cells in different human gastric cancers will demand studies of increasing complexity beyond those assessing merely mast cell density and microlocalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Sammarco
- Department of Health Science, General Surgery, Magna Graecia University, Medicine School of Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Gilda Varricchi
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences (DISMET) and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy.
- WAO Center of Excellence, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Valentina Ferraro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Unit of Endocrine, Digestive and Emergency Surgery, Aldo Moro University, 74124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Michele Ammendola
- Department of Health Science, General Surgery, Magna Graecia University, Medicine School of Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Michele De Fazio
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Aldo Moro University, 74124 Bari, Italy.
| | | | - Maria Luposella
- Cardiovascular Disease Unit, San Giovanni di Dio Hospital, 88900 Crotone, Italy.
| | - Lorenza Maltese
- Pathology Unit, Pugliese-Ciaccio Hospital, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Currò
- Department of Health Science, General Surgery, Magna Graecia University, Medicine School of Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
- Department of Human Pathology of Adult and Evolutive Age G. Barresi, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy.
| | - Gianni Marone
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences (DISMET) and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy.
- WAO Center of Excellence, 80131 Naples, Italy.
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Girolamo Ranieri
- Interventional Oncology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology, National Cancer Research Centre, Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, 74124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Riccardo Memeo
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Aldo Moro University, 74124 Bari, Italy.
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18
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Abbring S, Hols G, Garssen J, van Esch BCAM. Raw cow's milk consumption and allergic diseases - The potential role of bioactive whey proteins. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 843:55-65. [PMID: 30439365 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of allergic diseases has increased significantly in Western countries in the last decades. This increase is often explained by the loss of rural living conditions and associated changes in diet and lifestyle. In line with this 'hygiene hypothesis', several epidemiological studies have shown that growing up on a farm lowers the risk of developing allergic diseases. The consumption of raw, unprocessed, cow's milk seems to be one of the factors contributing to this protective effect. Recent evidence indeed shows an inverse relation between raw cow's milk consumption and the development of asthma and allergies. However, the consumption of raw milk is not recommended due to the possible contamination with pathogens. Cow's milk used for commercial purposes is therefore processed, but this milk processing is shown to abolish the allergy-protective effects of raw milk. This emphasizes the importance of understanding the components and mechanisms underlying the allergy-protective capacity of raw cow's milk. Only then, ways to produce a safe and protective milk can be developed. Since mainly heat treatment is shown to abolish the allergy-protective effects of raw cow's milk, the heat-sensitive whey protein fraction of raw milk is an often-mentioned source of the protective components. In this review, several of these whey proteins, their potential contribution to the allergy-protective effects of raw cow's milk and the consequences of heat treatment will be discussed. A better understanding of these bioactive whey proteins might eventually contribute to the development of new nutritional approaches for allergy management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Abbring
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Gert Hols
- Danone Nutricia Research, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Johan Garssen
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Danone Nutricia Research, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Betty C A M van Esch
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Danone Nutricia Research, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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19
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Wang M, Chen F, Wang J, Chen X, Liang J, Yang X, Zhu X, Fan Y, Zhang X. Calcium phosphate altered the cytokine secretion of macrophages and influenced the homing of mesenchymal stem cells. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:4765-4774. [PMID: 32254303 DOI: 10.1039/c8tb01201f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Immune cells such as macrophages play an important role in tissue regeneration. In this study, an in vivo mouse intramuscular implantation model was applied to demonstrate the gradual infiltration of macrophages, followed by homing of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) during the early phase of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP)-induced ectopic bone formation. Then, a novel real-time cell analysis (RTCA) system was used to continuously monitor cell migration in vitro, suggesting the positive roles of BCP-mediated macrophage secretion in MSC recruitment. A Proteome Profiler cytokine array was also applied to investigate the BCP-stimulated secretion pattern of macrophages by simultaneously screening 111 cytokines, indicating that Raw 264.7 macrophages released a pronounced amount of chemokines (CCL2, 3, 4, 5 and CXCL2, 10, 16) and non-chemokine molecules (OPN, VEGF, CD14, Cystatin C and PAI-1), which are involved in cell homing and bone regeneration. Among them, osteoinductive BCP ceramics significantly promoted the secretion of CCL2, 3, 4 and Cystatin C in macrophages, which was consistent with the up-regulated expression of chemokine genes (Ccl2, 3, 4). Considering their previously-reported chemotactic functions, the effects of CCL2/MCP-1 and CCL3/MIP-1α on MSC recruitment were further evaluated by the RTCA system. It was found that exogenous CCL2/MCP-1 and CCL3/MIP-1α dramatically accelerated MSC migration, while their neutralizing antibodies reduced MSC motility. Moreover, BCP-mediated macrophage secretion up-regulated the gene expression of chemokine receptors (Ccr1 and Ccr2) in MSCs, but the blockage of CCR1 and CCR2 exerted inhibitory effects on MSC chemotaxis. RTCA results showed that compared to CCL3/CCR1, the CCL2/CCR2 axis might exert a predominant chemotactic effect for MSC recruitment. These findings indicated that osteoinductive BCP ceramics might regulate macrophage secretion via an ERK signaling pathway, and the increased release of chemokines in macrophages would accelerate MSC homing to facilitate bone formation. These findings might deepen our understanding of biomaterial-mediated immune response and help to design orthopedic implants with desired immunomodulatory abilities to recruit host stem cells endogenously for bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menglu Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
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Ng CW, Tam IYS, Sam SW, Yu Y, Lau HYA. Immobilized Osteopontin Enhances Adhesion but Suppresses Cytokine Release of Anti-IgE Activated Human Mast Cells. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1109. [PMID: 29872439 PMCID: PMC5972195 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteopontin (OPN) is an Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD)-containing extracellular matrix protein which is upregulated in inflamed tissues and has been reported to modulate mast cell activities in mice. Due to the known heterogeneity among mast cells of different species and the important roles of mast cells in allergic reactions, we investigated the effects of human OPN (hOPN) on human mast cell activities. Mature primary human cultured mast cells (HCMC) were derived from peripheral blood CD34+ progenitors and the modulation of their activation by soluble and plate-bound immobilized hOPN were examined by studying their release of inflammatory mediators (histamine, IL-5, IL-8, TNF-α, and VEGF) and matrix adhesion following stimulation by anti-IgE. Immobilized hOPN enhanced the adhesion, but suppressed the release of IL-5, IL-8, and TNF-α of anti-IgE-activated HCMC while soluble hOPN failed to demonstrate any significant effects. By employing cyclic RGD peptide and neutralizing antibodies against different classes of integrin and CD44, we demonstrated that the interaction of immobilized hOPN and HCMC was mediated by the RGD domain of hOPN and integrin but not CD44 on HCMC. Our results suggest that immobilized hOPN anchored to extracellular matrix can regulate adaptive immunity in humans by retaining mast cells at the site of inflammation and suppressing anti-IgE-induced cytokine release from HCMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Wai Ng
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Issan Yee San Tam
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Sze Wing Sam
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Yangyang Yu
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Department of Physiology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hang Yung Alaster Lau
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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21
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Circulating Clusterin and Osteopontin Levels in Asthma and Asthmatic Pregnancy. Can Respir J 2017; 2017:1602039. [PMID: 29200898 PMCID: PMC5672608 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1602039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma in pregnancy poses a risk of adverse outcomes. Osteopontin and clusterin emerged as asthma biomarkers; however, their circulating levels during pregnancy are unknown yet. This cross-sectional study investigated peripheral osteopontin and clusterin levels and their relationship to disease control in 26 asthmatic pregnant (AP), 22 asthmatic nonpregnant (ANP), and 25 healthy pregnant (HP) women and 12 healthy controls (HNP). Osteopontin levels of ANP and HNP were similar (2.142 [1.483-2.701] versus 2.075 [1.680-2.331] ng/mL, p = 0.7331). Pregnancy caused a marked elevation in both healthy (HP: 3.037 [2.439-4.015] ng/ml, p = 0.003 versus HNP) and asthmatic (AP: 2.693 [1.581-3.620] ng/ml) patients; thus the pregnant groups did not differ (p = 0.3541). Circulating clusterin levels were comparable in ANP and HNP (109.2 [95.59-116.3] versus 108.8 [97.94-115.3] µg/mL, p = 0.8730) and the level was lower in HP (98.80 [84.26-105.5] µg/mL, p = 0.0344 versus HNP). In contrast, the level was higher in AP (111.7 [98.84-125.6] µg/mL, p = 0.0091 versus HP). In ANP, a positive correlation of PEF (r = 0.3405; p = 0.0221) and a negative correlation of Raw (r = -0.3723; p = 0.0128) to clusterin level were detected. Circulating osteopontin level increases in pregnancy regardless of concomitant well-controlled asthma, indicating its gestational role. Clusterin level decreases in healthy but not in asthmatic pregnancy and correlates directly with lung function.
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Maximiano WMA, da Silva EZM, Santana AC, de Oliveira PT, Jamur MC, Oliver C. Mast Cell Mediators Inhibit Osteoblastic Differentiation and Extracellular Matrix Mineralization. J Histochem Cytochem 2017; 65:723-741. [PMID: 28980852 DOI: 10.1369/0022155417734174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells are multifunctional immune cells that participate in many important processes such as defense against pathogens, allergic reactions, and tissue repair. These cells perform their functions through the release of a wide variety of mediators. This release occurs mainly through cross-linking IgE (immunoglobulin E) bound to high affinity IgE receptors by multivalent antigens. The abundance of mast cells in connective tissue, surrounding blood vessels, and their involvement in the early stages of bone repair support the possibility of physiological and pathological interactions between mast cells and osteoblasts. However, the participation of mast cell mediators in osteogenesis is not fully understood. Therefore, the objective of this work was to investigate the role of mast cell mediators in the acquisition of the osteogenic phenotype in vitro. The results show that pooled mast cell mediators can affect proliferation, morphology, and cytoskeleton of osteoblastic cells, and impair the activity and expression of alkaline phosphatase as well as the expression of bone sialoprotein. Also, mast cell mediators inhibit the expression of mRNA for those proteins and inhibit the formation and maturation of calcium nodules and consequently inhibit mineralization. Therefore, mast cell mediators can modulate osteogenesis and are potential therapeutic targets for treatments of bone disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Marcatti Amarú Maximiano
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elaine Zayas Marcelino da Silva
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Santana
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo Tambasco de Oliveira
- Department of Morphology, Stomatology, and Basic Pathology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Célia Jamur
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Constance Oliver
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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23
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Galdiero MR, Varricchi G, Seaf M, Marone G, Levi-Schaffer F, Marone G. Bidirectional Mast Cell-Eosinophil Interactions in Inflammatory Disorders and Cancer. Front Med (Lausanne) 2017; 4:103. [PMID: 28791287 PMCID: PMC5523083 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2017.00103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Human mast cells (MCs) and eosinophils were first described and named by Paul Ehrlich. These cells have distinct myeloid progenitors and differ morphologically, ultrastructurally, immunologically, biochemically, and pharmacologically. However, MCs and eosinophils play a pivotal role in several allergic disorders. In addition, these cells are involved in autoimmune disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. MCs are distributed throughout all normal human tissues, whereas eosinophils are present only in gastrointestinal tract, secondary lymphoid tissues, and adipose tissue, thymus, mammary gland, and uterus. However, in allergic disorders, MCs and eosinophils can form the "allergic effector unit." Moreover, in several tumors, MCs and eosinophils can be found in close proximity. Therefore, it is likely that MCs have the capacity to modulate eosinophil functions and vice versa. For example, interleukin 5, stem cell factor, histamine, platelet-activating factor (PAF), prostaglandin D2 (PGD2), cysteinyl leukotrienes, and vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs), produced by activated MCs, can modulate eosinophil functions through the engagement of specific receptors. In contrast, eosinophil cationic proteins such as eosinophil cationic protein and major basic protein (MBP), nerve growth factor, and VEGFs released by activated eosinophils can modulate MC functions. These bidirectional interactions between MCs and eosinophils might be relevant not only in allergic diseases but also in several inflammatory and neoplastic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rosaria Galdiero
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences (DiSMeT), Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Gilda Varricchi
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences (DiSMeT), Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Mansour Seaf
- Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Institute for Drug Research, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Giancarlo Marone
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Monaldi Hospital Pharmacy, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Levi-Schaffer
- Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Institute for Drug Research, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Gianni Marone
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences (DiSMeT), Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology “Gaetano Salvatore” (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
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24
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Paul AM, Acharya D, Duty L, Thompson EA, Le L, Stokic DS, Leis AA, Bai F. Osteopontin facilitates West Nile virus neuroinvasion via neutrophil "Trojan horse" transport. Sci Rep 2017; 7:4722. [PMID: 28680095 PMCID: PMC5498593 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-04839-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
West Nile virus (WNV) can cause severe human neurological diseases including encephalitis and meningitis. The mechanisms by which WNV enters the central nervous system (CNS) and host-factors that are involved in WNV neuroinvasion are not completely understood. The proinflammatory chemokine osteopontin (OPN) is induced in multiple neuroinflammatory diseases and is responsible for leukocyte recruitment to sites of its expression. In this study, we found that WNV infection induced OPN expression in both human and mouse cells. Interestingly, WNV-infected OPN deficient (Opn -/-) mice exhibited a higher survival rate (70%) than wild type (WT) control mice (30%), suggesting OPN plays a deleterious role in WNV infection. Despite comparable levels of viral load in circulating blood cells and peripheral organs in the two groups, WNV-infected polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) infiltration and viral burden in brain of Opn -/- mice were significantly lower than in WT mice. Importantly, intracerebral administration of recombinant OPN into the brains of Opn -/- mice resulted in increased WNV-infected PMN infiltration and viral burden in the brain, which was coupled to increased mortality. The overall results suggest that OPN facilitates WNV neuroinvasion by recruiting WNV-infected PMNs into the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber M Paul
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, 39406, USA
| | - Dhiraj Acharya
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, 39406, USA
| | - Laurel Duty
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, 39406, USA
| | - E Ashley Thompson
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, 39406, USA
| | - Linda Le
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, 39406, USA
| | - Dobrivoje S Stokic
- Center for Neuroscience and Neurological Recovery, Methodist Rehabilitation Center, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
| | - A Arturo Leis
- Center for Neuroscience and Neurological Recovery, Methodist Rehabilitation Center, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA.,Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA
| | - Fengwei Bai
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, 39406, USA.
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25
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Varricchi G, Galdiero MR, Loffredo S, Marone G, Iannone R, Marone G, Granata F. Are Mast Cells MASTers in Cancer? Front Immunol 2017; 8:424. [PMID: 28446910 PMCID: PMC5388770 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolonged low-grade inflammation or smoldering inflammation is a hallmark of cancer. Mast cells form a heterogeneous population of immune cells with differences in their ultra-structure, morphology, mediator content, and surface receptors. Mast cells are widely distributed throughout all tissues and are stromal components of the inflammatory microenvironment that modulates tumor initiation and development. Although canonically associated with allergic disorders, mast cells are a major source of pro-tumorigenic (e.g., angiogenic and lymphangiogenic factors) and antitumorigenic molecules (e.g., TNF-α and IL-9), depending on the milieu. In certain neoplasias (e.g., gastric, thyroid and Hodgkin's lymphoma) mast cells play a pro-tumorigenic role, in others (e.g., breast cancer) a protective role, whereas in yet others they are apparently innocent bystanders. These seemingly conflicting results suggest that the role of mast cells and their mediators could be cancer specific. The microlocalization (e.g., peritumoral vs intratumoral) of mast cells is another important aspect in the initiation/progression of solid and hematologic tumors. Increasing evidence in certain experimental models indicates that targeting mast cells and/or their mediators represent a potential therapeutic target in cancer. Thus, mast cells deserve focused consideration also as therapeutic targets in different types of tumors. There are many unanswered questions that should be addressed before we understand whether mast cells are an ally, adversary, or innocent bystanders in human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilda Varricchi
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences (DiSMeT), Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Galdiero
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences (DiSMeT), Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Stefania Loffredo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences (DiSMeT), Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Marone
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Monaldi Hospital Pharmacy, Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaella Iannone
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences (DiSMeT), Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Gianni Marone
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences (DiSMeT), Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology “Gaetano Salvatore” (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Francescopaolo Granata
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences (DiSMeT), Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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26
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Karpinsky G, Fatyga A, Krawczyk MA, Chamera M, Sande N, Szmyd D, Izycka-Swieszewska E, Bien E. Osteopontin: its potential role in cancer of children and young adults. Biomark Med 2017; 11:389-402. [DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2016-0308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Osteopontin (OPN) is aglyco-phosphoprotein, involved in tissue remodeling, inflammation and boneresorption. In various adult neoplasms OPN was shown to correlate with cancer progression, invasiveness and metastasis. Aim: to define the role of OPN in malignancies of children and young adults. Material and methods: a structured PubMed and Google Scholar literature analysis based on reports published in English between I'1995 and XII'2015. Results: 14 studies (four on hematological malignancies, four on bone tumors, three on CNS tumors, two on dendritic proliferative diseases and one on renal tumors) were identified. Higher levels of serum and cerebro-spinal fluid OPN protein, and high expressions of OPN mRNA and SPP1 gene were present in more aggressive and advanced childhood malignancies. In children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia with CNS involvement and with atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT) and medulloblastoma, the serum and CSF OPN levels reflected tumor bulk and response to therapy, while in children with AT/RT and multisystem Langerhans cell histiocytosis with high-risk organs involvement, high OPN serum levels correlated with poorer survival. To the contrary, in osteosarcoma, high OPN mRNA and SPP1 gene expressions correlated with better survival and good response to chemotherapy. Conclusions: The literature review suggests that OPN may play important roles in the development and progression of selected cancers of children and young adults, including acute lymphoblastic leukemia, malignant gliomas, AT/RT and Langerhans cell histiocytosis. However, limited number of published studies prevents from definite concluding on the clinical utility of OPN as a marker of diagnosis, prognosis and treatment monitoring in these pediatric cancers. Further studies performed in more numerous groups of patients with particular types of cancers of children and young adults are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Karpinsky
- Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit Medical Center, 3901 Beaubien Street, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Aleksandra Fatyga
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology & Oncology, University Clinic Center, 7 Debinki Street, 80–952 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Anna Krawczyk
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology & Oncology, Medical University of Gdansk, 7 Debinki Street, 80–211 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Madeleine Chamera
- The English Division Pediatric Oncology Scientific Circle, Medical University of Gdansk, 7 Debinki Street, 80–211 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Natalia Sande
- The English Division Pediatric Oncology Scientific Circle, Medical University of Gdansk, 7 Debinki Street, 80–211 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Dagmara Szmyd
- Coronary Care Unit, Cardiology Department, West Cumberland Hospital, Whitehaven, United Kingdom
| | - Ewa Izycka-Swieszewska
- Department of Pathology & Neuropathology, Medical University of Gdansk, 1 Debinki Street, 80–211 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Ewa Bien
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology & Oncology, Medical University of Gdansk, 7 Debinki Street, 80–211 Gdansk, Poland
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27
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Varricchi G, Galdiero MR, Marone G, Granata F, Borriello F, Marone G. Controversial role of mast cells in skin cancers. Exp Dermatol 2016; 26:11-17. [PMID: 27305467 DOI: 10.1111/exd.13107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cancer development is a multistep process characterized by genetic and epigenetic alterations during tumor initiation and progression. The stromal microenvironment can promote tumor development. Mast cells, widely distributed throughout all tissues, are a stromal component of many solid and haematologic tumors. Mast cells can be found in human and mouse models of skin cancers such as melanoma, basal and squamous cell carcinomas, primary cutaneous lymphomas, haemangiomas and Merkel cell carcinoma. However, human and animal studies addressing potential functions of mast cells and their mediators in skin cancers have provided conflicting results. In several studies, mast cells play a pro-tumorigenic role, whereas in others, they play an anti-tumorigenic role. Other studies have failed to demonstrate a clear role for tumor-associated mast cells. Many unanswered questions need to be addressed before we understand whether tumor-associated mast cells are adversaries, allies or simply innocent bystanders in different types and subtypes of skin cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilda Varricchi
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences (DiSMeT) and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria R Galdiero
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences (DiSMeT) and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Marone
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Francescopaolo Granata
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences (DiSMeT) and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Borriello
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences (DiSMeT) and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Gianni Marone
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences (DiSMeT) and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology "Gaetano Salvatore" (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
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28
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Mandarapu R, Prakhya BM. Exposure to cypermethrin and mancozeb alters the expression profile of THBS1, SPP1, FEZ1 and GPNMB in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. J Immunotoxicol 2016; 13:463-73. [PMID: 26796295 DOI: 10.3109/1547691x.2015.1130088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The complex immune system displays a coordinated transcriptional response to xenobiotic exposure by altering expression of designated transcription factors that, in turn, trigger immune responses. Despite the identification of several transcription factors that contribute to regulatory response, very little is known about the specific role of factors that are triggered due to exposure to obnoxious pesticides. Here, for the first time, alterations in human peripheral blood lymphocyte expression of transcriptional factors - thrombospondin-1 (THBS-1), secretory phospho-protein-1 (SPP-1), glycoprotein non-metastatic-β (GPNMB) and fasciculation and elongation factor ζ-1 (FEZ-1), due to in vitro exposure to the crop protection chemicals cypermethrin and mancozeb are reported. Results revealed significant changes in expression profiles due to mancozeb exposure, supporting its immune dysfunction potential; in contrast, cypermethrin exposure did not cause significant changes. Based on these effects on gene expression across the doses tested, it was likely key components of immune mechanisms such as proliferation, cell adhesion, apoptosis and cell activation in human PBMC were affected. Although these data are from in vitro experiments, the results point out the potential role for changes in these factors in the etiology of defective T-cell immune function seen in humans occupationally exposed to crop protection chemicals like mancozeb. These studies suggest the involvement of transcription factors in regulation of pesticide-induced immune dysfunction; these studies also represent a novel approach for identifying potential immune-related dysfunctions due to exposure to pesticides. Further studies are needed to better understand the functional significance of these in vitro findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Balakrishna Murthy Prakhya
- a Prakhya Research Laboratories, Selaiyur, Chennai, India ;,b SRM University , Kattankulathur , Chennai , India
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29
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da Silva EZM, Jamur MC, Oliver C. Mast cell function: a new vision of an old cell. J Histochem Cytochem 2014; 62:698-738. [PMID: 25062998 PMCID: PMC4230976 DOI: 10.1369/0022155414545334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 387] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Since first described by Paul Ehrlich in 1878, mast cells have been mostly viewed as effectors of allergy. It has been only in the past two decades that mast cells have gained recognition for their involvement in other physiological and pathological processes. Mast cells have a widespread distribution and are found predominantly at the interface between the host and the external environment. Mast cell maturation, phenotype and function are a direct consequence of the local microenvironment and have a marked influence on their ability to specifically recognize and respond to various stimuli through the release of an array of biologically active mediators. These features enable mast cells to act as both first responders in harmful situations as well as to respond to changes in their environment by communicating with a variety of other cells implicated in physiological and immunological responses. Therefore, the critical role of mast cells in both innate and adaptive immunity, including immune tolerance, has gained increased prominence. Conversely, mast cell dysfunction has pointed to these cells as the main offenders in several chronic allergic/inflammatory disorders, cancer and autoimmune diseases. This review summarizes the current knowledge of mast cell function in both normal and pathological conditions with regards to their regulation, phenotype and role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Zayas Marcelino da Silva
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil (EZMDS, MCJ, CO)
| | - Maria Célia Jamur
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil (EZMDS, MCJ, CO)
| | - Constance Oliver
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil (EZMDS, MCJ, CO)
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30
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Correlation between ovarian neoplasm and serum levels of osteopontin: a meta-analysis. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:11799-808. [PMID: 25192720 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2314-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the clinical significance of serum osteopontin (OPN) levels in ovarian neoplasm in patients, with the goal of building a novel diagnostic score model. By searching the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CISCOM, CINAHL, Google Scholar, CBM, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases, we conducted a meta-analysis. Studies were pooled, and the standardized mean difference (SMD) and its corresponding 95 % confidence interval (CI) were calculated. Subgroup analyses and publication bias detection were also conducted. Version 12.0 STATA software was used for statistical analysis. We performed a final analysis of 1,653 subjects altogether (822 patients with psoriasis and 831 healthy controls) from 15 clinical case-control studies. The meta-analysis results showed a positive association between serum OPN levels and ovarian neoplasm (SMD = 2.60, 95 %CI 1.88-3.32, P < 0.001). The subgroup analysis by ethnicity detected that high levels of serum OPN may be the main risk factor for ovarian neoplasms in Asians (SMD = 2.91, 95 %CI 2.38-3.45, P < 0.001), but not in Caucasians (P > 0.05). The present meta-analysis indicated that serum OPN levels were generally elevated in ovarian neoplasm patients, and thus, serum levels of OPN could be useful in diagnosing ovarian neoplasm.
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31
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Bandopadhyay M, Bulbule A, Butti R, Chakraborty G, Ghorpade P, Ghosh P, Gorain M, Kale S, Kumar D, Kumar S, Totakura KVS, Roy G, Sharma P, Shetti D, Soundararajan G, Thorat D, Tomar D, Nalukurthi R, Raja R, Mishra R, Yadav AS, Kundu GC. Osteopontin as a therapeutic target for cancer. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2014; 18:883-95. [DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2014.925447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Kruger TE, Miller AH, Godwin AK, Wang J. Bone sialoprotein and osteopontin in bone metastasis of osteotropic cancers. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2014; 89:330-41. [PMID: 24071501 PMCID: PMC3946954 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2013.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Revised: 08/23/2013] [Accepted: 08/28/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying malignant cell metastasis to secondary sites such as bone are complex and no doubt multifactorial. Members of the small integrin-binding ligand N-linked glycoproteins (SIBLINGs) family, particularly bone sialoprotein (BSP) and osteopontin (OPN), exhibit multiple activities known to promote malignant cell proliferation, detachment, invasion, and metastasis of several osteotropic cancers. The expression level of BSP and OPN is elevated in a variety of human cancers, particularly those that metastasize preferentially to the skeleton. Recent studies suggest that the "osteomimicry" of malignant cells is not only conferred by transmembrane receptors bound by BSP and OPN, but includes the "switch" in gene expression repertoire typically expressed in cells of skeletal lineage. Understanding the role of BSP and OPN in tumor progression, altered pathophysiology of bone microenvironment, and tumor metastasis to bone will likely result in development of better diagnostic approaches and therapeutic regimens for osteotropic malignant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas E Kruger
- Harrington Laboratory for Molecular Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Andrew H Miller
- Harrington Laboratory for Molecular Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Andrew K Godwin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Jinxi Wang
- Harrington Laboratory for Molecular Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
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Komatsuzaki T, Suzaki I, Hirano K, Kanai KI, Asano K, Suzaki H. Suppression of osteopontin functions by levocetirizine, a histamine H1 receptor antagonist, in vitro. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:735835. [PMID: 24490170 PMCID: PMC3893813 DOI: 10.1155/2013/735835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Revised: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Osteopontin (OPN), a multifunctional glycoprotein secreted from a wide variety of cells after inflammatory stimulation, is well accepted to contribute to the development of allergic diseases. However, the influence of histamine H1 receptor antagonists (antihistamines) on OPN functions is not well understood. The present study was undertaken to examine the influence of antihistamines on OPN functions in vitro. METHODS Human nasal epithelial cells (5 × 10(5) cells) were stimulated with 250 ng/mL OPN in the presence of either desloratadine (DL), fexofenadine (FEX), or levocetirizine (LCT). The levels of OPN, GM-CSF, Eotaxin, and RANTES in 24 h culture supernatants were examined by ELISA. The influence of LCT on mRNA expression and transcription factor activation in cells were also examined by real-time RT-PCR and ELISA, respectively. KEY FINDINGS The antihistamines examined significantly suppressed the production of GM-CSF, Eotaxin, and RANTES from cells after OPN stimulation. LCT also exhibited the suppression of mRNA expression for chemokines and transcription factor, NF- κ B and AP-1, activation, which were increased by the stimulation of cells with OPN. CONCLUSIONS The suppressive activity of LCT on OPN functions on nasal epithelial cells may be responsible for the attenuating effect of the agent on allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshimitsu Komatsuzaki
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Isao Suzaki
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Kojiro Hirano
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Kanai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Asano
- Division of Physiology, School of Nursing and Rehabilitation Sciences, Showa University, Yokohama 226-8555, Japan
| | - Harumi Suzaki
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
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Smrž D, Bandara G, Beaven MA, Metcalfe DD, Gilfillan AM. Prevention of F-actin assembly switches the response to SCF from chemotaxis to degranulation in human mast cells. Eur J Immunol 2013; 43:1873-82. [PMID: 23616175 PMCID: PMC3798040 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201243214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2012] [Revised: 02/21/2013] [Accepted: 04/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Following antigen/IgE-mediated aggregation of high affinity IgE-receptors (FcεRI), mast cells (MCs) degranulate and release inflammatory mediators leading to the induction of allergic reactions including anaphylaxis. Migration of MCs to resident tissues and sites of inflammation is regulated by tissue chemotactic factors such as stem cell factor (SCF (KIT ligand)). Despite inducing similar early signaling events to antigen, chemotactic factors, including SCF, produce minimal degranulation in the absence of other stimuli. We therefore investigated whether processes regulating MC chemotaxis are rate limiting for MC mediator release. To investigate this issue, we disrupted actin polymerization, a requirement for MC chemotaxis, with latrunculin B and cytochalasin B, then examined chemotaxis and mediator release in human (hu)MCs induced by antigen or SCF. As expected, such disruption minimally affected early signaling pathways, but attenuated SCF-induced human mast cell chemotaxis. In contrast, SCF, in the absence of other stimuli, induced substantial degranulation in a concentration-dependent manner following actin disassembly. It also moderately enhanced antigen-mediated human mast cell degranulation which was further enhanced in the presence of SCF. These observations suggest that processes regulating cell migration limit MC degranulation as a consequence of cytoskeletal reorganization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Smrž
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Mori T, Kabashima K, Fukamachi S, Kuroda E, Sakabe JI, Kobayashi M, Nakajima S, Nakano K, Tanaka Y, Matsushita S, Nakamura M, Tokura Y. D1-like dopamine receptors antagonist inhibits cutaneous immune reactions mediated by Th2 and mast cells. J Dermatol Sci 2013; 71:37-44. [PMID: 23639699 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2013.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2012] [Revised: 12/22/2012] [Accepted: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dopamine transduces signals via five subtypes of G protein-coupled receptors. Among these subtypes, the D1 and D5 receptors belong to the D1-like group. Although dopamine is known to mediate immune responses, its involvement in cutaneous immunity remains unclear. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to determine the role of dopamine and its D1-like receptors in cutaneous immune responses. METHODS By using the D1-like receptor antagonist SCH 23390, we examined the role of D1-like receptors in murine models of Th1-type contact hypersensitivity and Th2-type atopic dermatitis in vivo, and in mast cells and Th2 cell differentiation in vitro. RESULTS Administration of SCH 23390 did not affect Th1-type contact hypersensitivity but suppressed the immediate-type reaction (ITR) and the late phase reaction (LPR) in the atopic dermatitis model. In addition, SCH 23390-treated mice showed higher IFN-γ and lower IL-4 mRNA levels in the ear skin of challenged mice than did non-treated mice as analyzed by real-time RT PCR. Consistently, the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction was significantly reduced in SCH 23390-treated mice. Moreover, dopamine enhanced mast cell degranulation and Th2 cell differentiation, and both activities were abrogated by SCH 23390. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that the D1-like receptors mediate immediate and late phase skin reactions by promoting Th2 induction and mast cell degranulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Mori
- Department of Dermatology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyusyu, Japan.
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Jobbings CE, Sandig H, Whittingham-Dowd JK, Roberts IS, Bulfone-Paus S. Listeria monocytogenes alters mast cell phenotype, mediator and osteopontin secretion in a listeriolysin-dependent manner. PLoS One 2013; 8:e57102. [PMID: 23460827 PMCID: PMC3584118 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0057102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2012] [Accepted: 01/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Whilst mast cells participate in the immune defence against the intracellular bacterium Listeria monocytogenes, there is conflicting evidence regarding the ability of L. monocytogenes to infect mast cells. It is known that the pore-forming toxin listeriolysin (LLO) is important for mast cell activation, degranulation and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Mast cells, however, are a potential source of a wide range of cytokines, chemokines and other mediators including osteopontin, which contributes to the clearing of L. monocytogenes infections in vivo, although its source is unknown. We therefore aimed to resolve the controversy of mast cell infection by L. monocytogenes and investigated the extent of mediator release in response to the bacterium. In this paper we show that the infection of bone marrow-derived mast cells by L. monocytogenes is inefficient and LLO-independent. LLO, however, is required for calcium-independent mast cell degranulation as well as for the transient and selective downregulation of cell surface CD117 (c-kit) on mast cells. We demonstrate that in addition to the key pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6, mast cells release a wide range of other mediators in response to L. monocytogenes. Osteopontin, IL-2, IL-4, IL-13 and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and chemokines including CCL2, CCL3, CCL4 and CCL5 are released in a MyD88-dependent manner. The wide range of mediators released by mast cells in response to L. monocytogenes may play an important role in the recruitment and activation of a variety of immune cells in vivo. The cocktail of mediators, however, is unlikely to skew the immune response to a particular effector response. We propose that mast cells provide a hitherto unreported source of osteopontin, and may provide an important role in co-ordinating the immune response during Listeria infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine E. Jobbings
- Faculty of Human and Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Hilary Sandig
- Faculty of Human and Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ian S. Roberts
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Silvia Bulfone-Paus
- Faculty of Human and Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Liu B, Staron M, Li Z. Murine but not human basophil undergoes cell-specific proteolysis of a major endoplasmic reticulum chaperone. PLoS One 2012; 7:e39442. [PMID: 22724016 PMCID: PMC3377640 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0039442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2012] [Accepted: 05/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Basophil has been implicated in anti-parasite defense, allergy and in polarizing TH2 response. Mouse model has been commonly used to study basophil function although the difference between human and mouse basophils is underappreciated. As an essential chaperone for multiple Toll-like receptors and integrins in the endoplasmic reticulum, gp96 also participates in general protein homeostasis and in the ER unfolded protein response to ensure cell survival during stress. The roles of gp96 in basophil development are unknown. Methods We genetically delete gp96 in mice and examined the expression of gp96 in basophils by Western blot and flow cytometry. We compared the expression pattern of gp96 between human and mouse basophils. Results We found that gp96 was dispensable for murine basophil development. Moreover, gp96 was cleaved by serine protease(s) in murine but not human basophils leading to accumulation of a nun-functional N-terminal ∼50 kDa fragment and striking induction of the unfolded protein response. The alteration of gp96 was unique to basophils and was not observed in any other cell types including mast cells. We also demonstrated that the ectopic expression of a mouse-specific tryptase mMCP11 does not lead to gp96 cleavage in human basophils. Conclusions Our study revealed a remarkable biochemical event of gp96 silencing in murine but not human basophils, highlighting the need for caution in using mouse models to infer the function of basophils in human immune response. Our study also reveals a novel mechanism of shutting down gp96 post-translationally in regulating its function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC), Charleston, South Carolina, USA.
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38
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Zhao JJ, Yang L, Zhao FQ, Shi SM, Tan P. Osteopontin levels are elevated in patients with asthma. J Int Med Res 2012; 39:1402-7. [PMID: 21986140 DOI: 10.1177/147323001103900426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteopontin (OPN) plays a role in T cell-mediated immunity, but its involvement in Th2-associated allergic responses, especially asthma, has not been investigated. This cross-sectional case-control study was designed to determine whether serum OPN levels are elevated in asthma patients and whether these correlated with disease severity. Serum samples were obtained from patients with mild (n = 42), moderate (n = 48) and severe (n = 39) asthma, and 41 healthy control subjects. OPN protein concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay and were found to be significantly higher in all three asthma patient groups compared with healthy controls. There was no significant association between OPN concentration and disease severity. The data suggest a role for OPN in the pathogenesis of asthma. Further studies are needed to clarify the involvement of OPN in various aspects of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-J Zhao
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Ji Lin University, Changchun, China
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Al-ayadhi LY, Mostafa GA. Increased serum osteopontin levels in autistic children: relation to the disease severity. Brain Behav Immun 2011; 25:1393-8. [PMID: 21521652 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2011.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2011] [Revised: 04/06/2011] [Accepted: 04/06/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmunity to brain may play an etiopathogenic role in autism. Osteopontin is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that has been shown to play an important role in various autoimmune neuroinflammatory diseases. Osteopontin induces IL-17 production by T-helper 17 lymphocytes, the key players in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disorders. Anti-osteopontin treatment reduces the clinical severity of some autoimmune neuroinflammatory diseases by reducing IL-17 production. We are the first to measure serum osteopontin levels, by ELISA, in 42 autistic children in comparison to 42 healthy-matched children. The relationship between serum osteopontin levels and the severity of autism, which was assessed by using the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS), was also studied. Autistic children had significantly higher serum osteopontin levels than healthy controls (P<0.001). Increased serum osteopontin levels were found in 80.95% (34/42) of autistic children. Children with severe autism had significantly higher serum osteopontin levels than patients with mild to moderate autism (P=0.02). Moreover, serum osteopontin levels of autistic patients had significant positive correlations with CARS (P=0.007). In conclusions, serum osteopontin levels were increased in many autistic children and they were significantly correlated to the severity of autism. Further wide-scale studies are warranted to shed light on the etiopathogenic role of osteopontin in autism and to investigate its relation to IL-17 and brain-specific auto-antibodies, which are indicators of autoimmunity, in these patients. The therapeutic role of anti-osteopontin antibodies in amelioration of autistic manifestations should also be studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laila Y Al-ayadhi
- Autism Research and Treatment Center, AL-Amodi Autism Research Chair, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Ahmed M, Behera R, Chakraborty G, Jain S, Kumar V, Sharma P, Bulbule A, Kale S, Kumar S, Mishra R, Raja R, Saraswati S, Kaur R, Soundararajan G, Kumar D, Thorat D, Sanyal M, Ramdasi A, Ghosh P, Kundu GC. Osteopontin: a potentially important therapeutic target in cancer. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2011; 15:1113-26. [PMID: 21718227 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2011.594438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cancer is an extremely complex disease and most cancer treatments are limited to chemotherapy, radiation and surgery. The progression of tumours towards malignancy requires the interaction of various cytokines, growth factors, transcription factors and effector molecules. Osteopontin is a cytokine-like, calcium-binding, extracelular-matrix- associated member of the small integrin-binding ligand, N-linked glycoprotein (SIBLING) family of proteins. It plays an important role in determining the oncogenic potential of various cancers. The role of osteopontin in various pathophysiological conditions suggests that the alteration in post-translational modification result in different functional forms that might change its normal physiological functions. AREAS COVERED Osteopontin -based anticancer therapy, which may provide a new insight for the effective management of cancer. EXPERT OPINION A better understanding of the signalling mechanism by which osteopontin promotes tumourigenesis may be useful in crafting novel osteopontin -based anticancer therapy. The role of osteopontin in promoting cancer progression is the subject of in depth investigation and thus targeting osteopontin might be a suitable therapeutic approach for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansoor Ahmed
- National Center for Cell Science , NCCS Complex, Ganeshkhind, Pune, India
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Konno S, Kurokawa M, Uede T, Nishimura M, Huang SK. Role of osteopontin, a multifunctional protein, in allergy and asthma. Clin Exp Allergy 2011; 41:1360-6. [PMID: 21623969 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2011.03775.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Osteopontin (OPN) is an extracellular matrix protein and immune modulator with a wide range of functions. OPN is recognized as a key cytokine in Th1 immune responses, yet its potential involvement in allergic/asthmatic responses has been investigated only recently. Current data from molecular and cellular studies and studies of OPN-deficient mice provide evidence that OPN plays multiple roles in the regulation of allergic responses, including regulation of IgE response, inflammatory cell migration, and the development of airway fibrosis and angiogenesis. These results suggest that OPN is a pleiotropic cytokine that functions both systemically and locally in tissue mucosa. Notably, OPN is able to exert its effects through different functional domains, and the secreted and intracellular forms of OPN may have distinct functions. Future research to elucidate all aspects of OPN function is needed to ultimately establish its role in the regulation of immune responses and various disease processes, including those critically involved in the development of allergies and asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Konno
- First Department of Medicine, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
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Abstract
Although MCs (mast cells) were discovered over 100 years ago, for the majority of this time their function was linked almost exclusively to allergy and allergic disease with few other roles in health and disease. The engineering of MC-deficient mice and engraftment of these mice with MCs deficient in receptors or mediators has advanced our knowledge of the role of MCs in vivo. It is now known that MCs have very broad and varied roles in both physiology and disease which will be reviewed here with a focus on some of the most recent discoveries over the last year. MCs can aid in maintaining a healthy physiology by secreting mediators that promote wound healing and homoeostasis as well as interacting with neurons. Major developments have been made in understanding MC function in defence against pathogens, in recognition of pathogens as well as direct effector functions. Probably the most quickly developing area of understanding is the involvement and contribution MCs make in the progression of a variety of diseases from some of the most common diseases to the more obscure.
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New insights into the role of mast cells in autoimmunity: evidence for a common mechanism of action? Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2011; 1822:57-65. [PMID: 21354470 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2011.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2011] [Accepted: 02/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Mast cells are classically considered innate immune cells that act as first responders in many microbial infections and have long been appreciated as potent contributors to allergic reactions. However, recent advances in the realm of autoimmunity have made it clear that these cells are also involved in the pathogenic responses that exacerbate disease. In the murine models of multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis and bullous pemphigoid, both the pathogenic role of mast cells and some of their mechanisms of action are shared. Similar to their role in infection and a subset of allergic responses, mast cells are required for the efficient recruitment of neutrophils to sites of inflammation. Although this mast cell-dependent neutrophil response is protective in infection settings, it is postulated that neutrophils promote local vascular permeability and facilitate the entry of inflammatory cells that enhance tissue destruction at target sites. However, there is still much to learn. There is little information regarding mechanisms of mast cell activation in disease. Nor is it known how many mast cell-derived mediators are relevant and whether interactions with other cells are implicated in these diseases including T cells, B cells and astrocytes. Here we review the current state of knowledge about mast cells in autoimmune disease. We also discuss findings regarding newly discovered mast cell actions and factors that modulate mast cell function. We speculate that much of this new information will ultimately contribute to a greater understanding of the full range of mast cell actions in autoimmunity. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Mast cells in inflammation.
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Wingard CJ, Walters DM, Cathey BL, Hilderbrand SC, Katwa P, Lin S, Ke PC, Podila R, Rao A, Lust RM, Brown JM. Mast cells contribute to altered vascular reactivity and ischemia-reperfusion injury following cerium oxide nanoparticle instillation. Nanotoxicology 2010; 5:531-45. [PMID: 21043986 DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2010.530004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Cerium oxide (CeO₂) represents an important nanomaterial with wide ranging applications. However, little is known regarding how CeO₂ exposure may influence pulmonary or systemic inflammation. Furthermore, how mast cells would influence inflammatory responses to a nanoparticle exposure is unknown. We thus compared pulmonary and cardiovascular responses between C57BL/6 and B6.Cg-Kit(W-sh) mast cell deficient mice following CeO₂ nanoparticle instillation. C57BL/6 mice instilled with CeO₂ exhibited mild pulmonary inflammation. However, B6.Cg-Kit(W-sh) mice did not display a similar degree of inflammation following CeO₂ instillation. Moreover, C57BL/6 mice instilled with CeO₂ exhibited altered aortic vascular responses to adenosine and an increase in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury which was absent in B6.Cg-Kit(W-sh) mice. In vitro CeO₂ exposure resulted in increased production of PGD₂, TNF-α, IL-6 and osteopontin by cultured mast cells. These findings demonstrate that CeO₂ nanoparticles activate mast cells contributing to pulmonary inflammation, impairment of vascular relaxation and exacerbation of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Wingard
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina 27834, USA
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Chagan-Yasutan H, Shiratori B, Siddiqi UR, Saitoh H, Ashino Y, Arikawa T, Hirashima M, Hattori T. The increase of plasma galectin-9 in a patient with insulin allergy: a case report. Clin Mol Allergy 2010; 8:12. [PMID: 20699002 PMCID: PMC2925330 DOI: 10.1186/1476-7961-8-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2010] [Accepted: 08/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic reaction to insulin is known to be associated with eosinophilia and hyper IgE. Recent report showed that eosinophilia is related with the increased synthesis of galectin-9 (GAL-9) and osteopontin (OPN). Here, we examined plasma levels of GAL-9 and OPN first time in a case of 65-year old patient with insulin allergy. Insulin aspart & insulin aspart 30 mix were given to the patient and an elevation of the eosinophil count (8440/μl, 17.6 fold) and a moderate increase of IgE (501 U/ml, reference range: 10-350 U/ml), eotaxin-3 (168 pg/ml, 2 fold), histamine (0.95 ng/ml, 5.3 fold) were found 33 days later. The plasma levels of GAL-9 and OPN were 22.5 and 1.7 fold higher than the cut-off point, respectively. After one month cessation of insulin therapy, elevations of the eosinophil count (3,480/μl; 7.3 fold), and OPN (1.4 fold) still occurred but the GAL-9 levels became normal. Therefore, we noted the increases of GAL-9 and OPN in plasma for the first time in a patient with insulin allergy and propose that GAL-9 reflects the conditions of allergy more accurately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haorile Chagan-Yasutan
- Department of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
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Moon TC, St Laurent CD, Morris KE, Marcet C, Yoshimura T, Sekar Y, Befus AD. Advances in mast cell biology: new understanding of heterogeneity and function. Mucosal Immunol 2010; 3:111-28. [PMID: 20043008 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2009.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Mast cells are classically viewed as effector cells of IgE-mediated allergic diseases. However, over the last decade our understanding has been enriched about their roles in host defense, innate and adaptive immune responses, and in homeostatic responses, angiogenesis, wound healing, tissue remodeling, and immunoregulation. Despite impressive progress, there are large gaps in our understanding of their phenotypic heterogeneity, regulatory mechanisms involved, and functional significance. This review summarizes our knowledge of mast cells in innate and acquired immunity, allergic inflammation and tissue homeostasis, as well as some of the regulatory mechanisms that control mast cell development, phenotypic determination, and function, particularly in the context of mucosal surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- T C Moon
- Pulmonary Research Group, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Abstract
IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD Accumulating evidence suggests that mast cells are involved in a wide variety of immune responses including chronic inflammation, immune tolerance and tumor immunity. Mast cells originate from hematopoietic stem cells and undergo terminal differentiation in the tissues, in which they are ultimately resident. Heterogeneity of tissue mast cells is, therefore, one of the key concepts for a better understanding of various immune responses. AREAS COVERED IN THIS REVIEW This review describes the candidate genes involved in regulation of cutaneous mast cell differentiation, with a particular attention to CD44, which is the primary receptor for hyaluronan. WHAT THE READER WILL GAIN CD44 is involved in various aspects of cutaneous inflammation. Regarding mast cells, CD44 is upregulated upon differentiation and maturation of mast cells, and plays a critical role in regulation of cutaneous mast cell number. Since both degradation and decrease of hyaluronan are often observed upon chronic inflammation, CD44 might be involved in modulation of local immune responses through regulation of cutaneous mast cell functions. TAKE HOME MESSAGE Understanding of cutaneous immune responses should require clarification of local mast cell functions, a part of which is regulated by extracellular matrix components and their membrane receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Tanaka
- Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Immunochemistry, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.
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48
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Puxeddu I, Berkman N, Ribatti D, Bader R, Haitchi HM, Davies DE, Howarth PH, Levi-Schaffer F. Osteopontin is expressed and functional in human eosinophils. Allergy 2010; 65:168-74. [PMID: 19804447 DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2009.02148.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eosinophils are critically involved in allergic inflammation and tissue remodeling. Osteopontin (OPN) is a glycoprotein molecule which exhibits pro-fibrogenic and pro-angiogenic properties and has recently also been implicated in allergic diseases. In this study, we investigated the expression and function of OPN in human eosinophils. METHODS Osteopontin mRNA (RT-PCR) and protein (immunofluorescence) expression in peripheral blood eosinophils from atopic human subjects were evaluated. Soluble OPN release was determined in resting and activated eosinophils. The contribution of OPN to eosinophil-induced angiogenesis was determined using the chick embryo chorio- allantoic membrane (CAM) assay and OPN-induced eosinophil chemotaxis was determined (ChemoTx System microplate wells). Finally, OPN expression in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids from mild asthmatic and normal control subjects was determined. RESULTS Osteopontin is expressed in human eosinophils and is increased following GM-CSF and IL-5 activation. Eosinophil-derived OPN contributes to eosinophil-induced angiogenesis. Recombinant OPN promotes eosinophil chemotaxis in vitro and this effect is mediated by alpha(4)beta(1) integrin binding. Soluble OPN is increased in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from mild asthmatic subjects and correlates with eosinophil counts. CONCLUSIONS We therefore conclude that OPN is likely to contribute to the process of angiogenesis observed in the airways in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Puxeddu
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
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49
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Kurokawa M, Konno S, Takahashi A, Plunkett B, Rittling SR, Matsui Y, Kon S, Morimoto J, Uede T, Matsukura S, Kokubu F, Adachi M, Nishimura M, Huang SK. Regulatory role of DC-derived osteopontin in systemic allergen sensitization. Eur J Immunol 2010; 39:3323-30. [PMID: 19830723 DOI: 10.1002/eji.200838970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Osteopontin (OPN) is a secreted phosphoglycoprotein with a wide range of functions, and is involved in various pathophysiological conditions. However, the role of OPN in IgE and Th2-associated allergic responses remains incompletely defined. The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of OPN in systemic allergen sensitization in mice. When compared with OPN(+/+) mice, significantly increased levels of OVA-induced IgE were found in OPN(-/-) mice. OPN(-/-) DC demonstrated an increased capacity to enhance Th2 cytokine production in CD4+ T cells from sensitized OPN(+/+) mice. Furthermore, significantly reduced levels of IL-12p70 expression were seen in LPS-stimulated OPN(-/-) DC as compared with the WT DC, and the reduction was reversible by the addition of recombinant OPN (rOPN). rOPN was able to suppress OVA-induced IL-13 production in the cultures of CD4 and OPN(-/-) DC, but this inhibitory activity was neutralized by the addition of anti-IL-12 Ab. In addition, administration of rOPN in vivo suppressed OVA-specific IgE production; however, this suppressive effect was abrogated in IL-12-deficient mice. These results indicate that DC-derived OPN plays a regulatory role in the development of systemic allergen sensitization, which is mediated, at least in part, through the production of endogenous IL-12.
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50
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Stelekati E, Bahri R, D'Orlando O, Orinska Z, Mittrücker HW, Langenhaun R, Glatzel M, Bollinger A, Paus R, Bulfone-Paus S. Mast cell-mediated antigen presentation regulates CD8+ T cell effector functions. Immunity 2009; 31:665-76. [PMID: 19818652 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2009.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2008] [Revised: 07/09/2009] [Accepted: 08/03/2009] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The characteristics, importance, and molecular requirements for interactions between mast cells (MCs) and CD8(+) T cells have not been elucidated. Here, we demonstrated that MCs induced antigen-specific CD8(+) T cell activation and proliferation. This process required direct cell contact and MHC class I-dependent antigen cross-presentation by MCs and induced the secretion of interleukin-2, interferon-gamma, and macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha by CD8(+) T cells. MCs regulated antigen-specific CD8(+) T cell cytotoxicity by increasing granzyme B expression and by promoting CD8(+) T cell degranulation. Because MCs also upregulated their expression of costimulatory molecules (4-1BB) and released osteopontin upon direct T cell contact, MC-T cell interactions probably are bidirectional. In vivo, adoptive transfer of antigen-pulsed MCs induced MHC class I-dependent, antigen-specific CD8(+) T cell proliferation, and MCs regulated CD8(+) T cell-specific priming in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Thus, MCs are important players in antigen-specific regulation of CD8(+) T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erietta Stelekati
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Research Center Borstel, D-23845 Borstel, Germany
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