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Potwana FS, Pillay MN, Staples RJ, Adeniyi AA, Singh P, van Zyl WE. Silver(I) bis(phosphanylamino)naphthalene complexes: Synthesis, structures and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Inorganica Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2020.120041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Künzler S, Rathjen S, Rüger K, Würdemann MS, Wernke M, Tholen P, Girschik C, Schmidtmann M, Landais Y, Müller T. Chiral Chalcogenyl-Substituted Naphthyl- and Acenaphthyl-Silanes and Their Cations. Chemistry 2020; 26:16441-16449. [PMID: 32627900 PMCID: PMC7756486 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cyclic silylated chalconium borates 13[B(C6 F5 )4 ] and 14[B(C6 F5 )4 ] with peri-acenaphthyl and peri-naphthyl skeletons were synthesized from unsymmetrically substituted silanes 3, 4, 6, 7, 9 and 10 using the standard Corey protocol (Chalcogen Ch=O, S, Se, Te). The configuration at the chalcogen atom is trigonal pyramidal for Ch=S, Se, Te, leading to the formation of cis- and trans-isomers in the case of phenylmethylsilyl cations. With the bulkier tert-butyl group at silicon, the configuration at the chalcogen atoms is predetermined to give almost exclusively the trans-configurated cyclic silylchalconium ions. The barriers for the inversion of the configuration at the sulfur atoms of sulfonium ions 13 c and 14 a are substantial (72-74 kJ mol-1 ) as shown by variable temperature NMR spectroscopy. The neighboring group effect of the thiophenyl substituent is sufficiently strong to preserve chiral information at the silicon atom at low temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Künzler
- Institut für ChemieCarl von Ossietzky Universität OldenburgCarl von Ossietzky-Str. 9–1126129OldenburgGermany, European Union
| | - Saskia Rathjen
- Institut für ChemieCarl von Ossietzky Universität OldenburgCarl von Ossietzky-Str. 9–1126129OldenburgGermany, European Union
| | - Katherina Rüger
- Institut für ChemieCarl von Ossietzky Universität OldenburgCarl von Ossietzky-Str. 9–1126129OldenburgGermany, European Union
| | - Marie S. Würdemann
- Institut für ChemieCarl von Ossietzky Universität OldenburgCarl von Ossietzky-Str. 9–1126129OldenburgGermany, European Union
| | - Marcel Wernke
- Institut für ChemieCarl von Ossietzky Universität OldenburgCarl von Ossietzky-Str. 9–1126129OldenburgGermany, European Union
| | - Patrik Tholen
- Institut für ChemieCarl von Ossietzky Universität OldenburgCarl von Ossietzky-Str. 9–1126129OldenburgGermany, European Union
| | - Corinna Girschik
- Institut für ChemieCarl von Ossietzky Universität OldenburgCarl von Ossietzky-Str. 9–1126129OldenburgGermany, European Union
| | - Marc Schmidtmann
- Institut für ChemieCarl von Ossietzky Universität OldenburgCarl von Ossietzky-Str. 9–1126129OldenburgGermany, European Union
| | - Yannick Landais
- Institute of Molecular Sciences (ISM)University of Bordeaux, CNRS, UMR-5255351 Cours de la libération33400TalenceFrance, European Union
| | - Thomas Müller
- Institut für ChemieCarl von Ossietzky Universität OldenburgCarl von Ossietzky-Str. 9–1126129OldenburgGermany, European Union
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Ito H, Mutoh K, Abe J. Enhancement of Negative Photochromic Properties of Naphthalene-Bridged Phenoxyl-Imidazolyl Radical Complex. Chemphyschem 2020; 21:1578-1586. [PMID: 32415707 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202000296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Negative photochromism has increased attention as a light-switch for functional materials. A development of fast photochromic molecules has been also expected because a rapid thermal back reaction within a millisecond time scale is useful for real-time switching. Herein, we synthesized the derivatives of the naphthalene-bridged phenoxyl-imidazolyl radical complex (Np-PIC) showing the negative photochromism to demonstrate the efficient strategy to increase the visible light sensitivity and to control the thermal back reaction rates. The distances of the C-C bond of the transient 2,4'-isomer shows good agreement with the thermodynamic stability, leading to the control of the thermal back reaction rate. We revealed the cyclic voltammetry and the DFT calculations are efficient to predict the characters of the HOMO and LUMO. The introduction of the electron-withdrawing dicyanoquinodimethane group is efficient to induce the photochromic reaction with increased visible-light sensitivity by the expansion of the π-conjugation. The results will give an important insight for the future development of fast-responsive negative photochromic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Ito
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-5258, Japan
| | - Katsuya Mutoh
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-5258, Japan
| | - Jiro Abe
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-5258, Japan
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Kordts N, Künzler S, Rathjen S, Sieling T, Großekappenberg H, Schmidtmann M, Müller T. Silyl Chalconium Ions: Synthesis, Structure and Application in Hydrodefluorination Reactions. Chemistry 2017; 23:10068-10079. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Kordts
- Institute of Chemistry; Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg; Carl von Ossietzky Str. 9-11 26211 Oldenburg Germany
| | - Sandra Künzler
- Institute of Chemistry; Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg; Carl von Ossietzky Str. 9-11 26211 Oldenburg Germany
| | - Saskia Rathjen
- Institute of Chemistry; Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg; Carl von Ossietzky Str. 9-11 26211 Oldenburg Germany
| | - Thorben Sieling
- Institute of Chemistry; Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg; Carl von Ossietzky Str. 9-11 26211 Oldenburg Germany
| | - Henning Großekappenberg
- Institute of Chemistry; Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg; Carl von Ossietzky Str. 9-11 26211 Oldenburg Germany
| | - Marc Schmidtmann
- Institute of Chemistry; Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg; Carl von Ossietzky Str. 9-11 26211 Oldenburg Germany
| | - Thomas Müller
- Institute of Chemistry; Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg; Carl von Ossietzky Str. 9-11 26211 Oldenburg Germany
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Schickedanz K, Radtke J, Bolte M, Lerner HW, Wagner M. Facile Route to Quadruply Annulated Borepins. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:2842-2851. [PMID: 28125773 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b00268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A two-step synthesis sequence furnishes quadruply annulated borepins in high yields. The first step involves a nucleophilic substitution reaction between aryl-BF3K salts (aryl = mesityl, phenyl) and lithiated bromonapthalene derivatives LiNaphBr,R (HNaphBr,R = 8-bromonaphthalene (a), 5-bromoacenaphthene (b), 5-bromoacenaphthylene (c)). In the second step, the resulting heteroleptic triarylboranes aryl-B(NaphBr,R)2 (3a-c) are subjected to an intramolecular Ni-mediated Yamamoto reaction to close the seven-membered rings and create the borepins 4a-c. Only in the case of 3b is the Yamamoto reaction accompanied by a C-H activation reaction furnishing the 7-hydro-7-borabenzo[de]anthracene derivative 5. The product ratio 4b/5 can be influenced by control of the local Ni(0) concentration. The borepins 4a-c are benchtop stable and highly soluble even in hexane. Compounds 4a-c undergo reversible one-electron reduction; 4c is also able to accept a second electron in a reversible manner and already at moderate potential values (E1/2 = -1.49 V and -1.84 V (vs FcH/FcH+)). 4a, 4b, and 5 show photoluminescence in the blue-green region of the spectrum, while 4c is nonfluorescent, which is likely attributable to an intramolecular charge-transfer transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Schickedanz
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt , Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, D-60438 Frankfurt (Main), Germany
| | - Julian Radtke
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt , Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, D-60438 Frankfurt (Main), Germany
| | - Michael Bolte
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt , Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, D-60438 Frankfurt (Main), Germany
| | - Hans-Wolfram Lerner
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt , Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, D-60438 Frankfurt (Main), Germany
| | - Matthias Wagner
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt , Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, D-60438 Frankfurt (Main), Germany
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Sarkar S, Row TNG. A heuristic approach to evaluate peri interactions versus intermolecular interactions in an overcrowded naphthalene. IUCRJ 2017; 4:37-49. [PMID: 28250940 PMCID: PMC5331464 DOI: 10.1107/s205225251601808x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Octachloronaphthalene (OCN), a serious environmental pollutant, has been investigated by charge density analysis to unravel several unexplored factors responsible for steric overcrowding. The topological features of the enigmatic peri interactions contributing to steric overcrowding are qualified and quantified from experimental and theoretical charge-density studies. A new facet in the fundamental understanding of peri interactions is revealed by NCI (non-covalent interaction) analysis. The potential role of these interactions in deforming the molecular geometry and subsequent effect on aromaticity are substantiated from NICS (Nuclear Independent Chemical Shift) and QTAIM (Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules) calculations. The eye-catching dissimilarity in the out-of-plane twisting of OCN renders the molecule in an asymmetric geometry in the crystalline phase compared with symmetric geometry in the optimized solvated phase. This is uniquely characterized by their molecular electrostatic potential (MESP), respectively, and is explained in terms of conflict between two opposing forces - peri interactions, and symbiotic intermolecular Cl⋯Cl and Cl⋯π contacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sounak Sarkar
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, C. V. Raman Avenue, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India
| | - Tayur N. Guru Row
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, C. V. Raman Avenue, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India
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Sanz Camacho P, Athukorala Arachchige KS, Slawin AMZ, Green TFG, Yates JR, Dawson DM, Woollins JD, Ashbrook SE. Unusual Intermolecular “Through-Space” J Couplings in P–Se Heterocycles. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:6172-5. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b03353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Sanz Camacho
- School
of Chemistry, EaStCHEM and Centre of Magnetic Resonance, University of St. Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, U.K
| | | | - Alexandra M. Z. Slawin
- School
of Chemistry, EaStCHEM and Centre of Magnetic Resonance, University of St. Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, U.K
| | | | | | - Daniel M. Dawson
- School
of Chemistry, EaStCHEM and Centre of Magnetic Resonance, University of St. Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, U.K
| | - J. Derek Woollins
- School
of Chemistry, EaStCHEM and Centre of Magnetic Resonance, University of St. Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, U.K
| | - Sharon E. Ashbrook
- School
of Chemistry, EaStCHEM and Centre of Magnetic Resonance, University of St. Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, U.K
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Diamond LM, Knight FR, Cordes DB, Ward AC, Slawin AM, Woollins JD. Acenaphtho[5,6-cd]-1,2-dichalcogenoles and their platinum complexes. Polyhedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2014.08.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Knight FR, Diamond LM, Arachchige KSA, Sanz Camacho P, Randall RAM, Ashbrook SE, Bühl M, Slawin AMZ, Woollins JD. Conformational Dependence of Through-Space Tellurium-Tellurium Spin-Spin Coupling inPeri-Substituted Bis(Tellurides). Chemistry 2014; 21:3613-27. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201405599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Athukorala Arachchige KS, Diamond LM, Knight FR, Lechner ML, Slawin AMZ, Woollins JD. Synthetic, Structural, and Spectroscopic Studies of Sterically Crowded Tin–Chalcogen Acenaphthenes. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om500755w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Louise M. Diamond
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, U.K
| | - Fergus R. Knight
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, U.K
| | - Marie-Luise Lechner
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, U.K
| | | | - J. Derek Woollins
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, U.K
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12
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Athukorala Arachchige KS, Sanz Camacho P, Ray MJ, Chalmers BA, Knight FR, Ashbrook SE, Bühl M, Kilian P, Slawin AMZ, Woollins JD. Sterically Restricted Tin Phosphines, Stabilized by Weak Intramolecular Donor–Acceptor Interactions. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om500289b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Paula Sanz Camacho
- EaSTCHEM,
School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, U.K
| | - Matthew J. Ray
- EaSTCHEM,
School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, U.K
| | - Brian A. Chalmers
- EaSTCHEM,
School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, U.K
| | - Fergus R. Knight
- EaSTCHEM,
School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, U.K
| | - Sharon E. Ashbrook
- EaSTCHEM,
School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, U.K
| | - Michael Bühl
- EaSTCHEM,
School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, U.K
| | - Petr Kilian
- EaSTCHEM,
School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, U.K
| | | | - J. Derek Woollins
- EaSTCHEM,
School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, U.K
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